To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Relay cropping.
Journal articles on the topic 'Relay cropping'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Relay cropping.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Khaliq, Abdul, Iqbal Hussain, Syed Ahtisham Masood, et al. "Economic Impact of Cotton-Raya Relay Cropping on Crop Yield and Soil Health: A Strategic Approach to Climate Resilience and Profit Maximization." Journal of Economic Impact 6, no. 3 (2024): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/econimpact.2024.6302.
Full textAbstract:
Climate change, soil degradation, and depletion of natural resources challenge agricultural productivity and economic sustainability. Developing resilient agricultural systems is crucial for food security amid these changes. Relay cropping, where one plant species is inter-seeded into an established crop, maintains continuous plant cover, optimizes resource use, and enhances climate resilience. Therefore, the objective of research was to assess the economic benefits of relay cropping systems in enhancing crop yield and improving soil health. It aims to identify how these practices contribute to climate resilience and maximize farm profitability, offering strategic insights for sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change. Brassica (Raya/Mustard) was sown in standing cotton as a relay crop on first week of October- using 3 kg seed/acre, and also a sole crop to compare the results. Economic analysis over three seasons shows that relay cropping consistently achieved higher net profits compared to sole cropping. Results showed that in 2022-23, cotton relay cropping yielded higher with a net profit of Rs. 66,950, compared to sole cotton and a net profit of Rs. 39,200. Relay cropping also improved soil health, with higher soil organic matter levels observed; for example, in 2022-23, cotton relay cropping had 0.78% soil organic matter compared to 0.63% in sole cotton. Although sole cropping offered higher yields for Brassica, relay cropping resulted in better soil nutrient levels. Overall, the relay cropping system yielded a combined net profit of Rs. 130,630 in 2022-23. These findings highlight relay cropping’s potential to enhance farm profitability and sustainability by addressing resource use inefficiencies, reducing input costs, and stabilizing yields, making it a strategic choice for climate resilience and economic stability.
2
JACQUES, S., R. K. BACON, and L. D. PARSCH. "COMPARISON OF SINGLE CROPPING, RELAY CROPPING AND DOUBLE CROPPING OF SOYABEANS WITH WHEAT USING CULTIVAR BLENDS." Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 4 (1997): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479797004043.
Full textAbstract:
Comparisons of single cropping, double cropping and relay cropping of soyabeans (Glycine max) with wheat (Triticum aestivum) were made at two sites in Arkansas over a two-year period. The comparisons were made using both soyabean blends and their component cultivars. In relay cropping the yields of pure lines of soyabeans were reduced by 17% compared with single-cropped soyabeans, but the yield of wheat in relay cropping was 15% less than in double cropping. Double cropping reduced the branch number, plant height, node number and leaf area of soyabeans compared with single cropping, but relay cropping reduced only node number and leaf area. Both double cropping and relay cropping gave greater land equivalent ratio (LER) values than single cropping, and double cropping gave greater LER values than relay cropping. Net returns were lowest with single cropping and greatest with double cropping. Soyabean blends gave yields similar to the mean of the component genotypes in all three cropping systems, and the net returns of blends were similar to those of the means of component genotypes.
3
Kundu, S., K. Hassan, SMJB Alam, and MF Uddin. "Selecting Appropriate Cotton Based Cropping Pattern for Increasing Cropping Intensity in Bangladesh." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 11, no. 1-2 (2019): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v11i1-2.43363.
Full textAbstract:
The experiment was conducted at Cotton Research, Training and Seed Multiplication Farm, Jagodishpur, Chowgacha, Jessore initiated June 19, 2015 for the cropping season 2015-16 to observe the performance of cotton based cropping system including total three crops in a year. The other crops were i) relay wheat – mungbean and ii) relay lentil – mungbean. Four cotton varieties CB-12, CB-13, CB-14 and CB Hybrid-1 were sowed in a RCBD design with three replications. Seed cotton yield was significantly different among the varieties. The highest seed cotton yield (2519.3 kg/ha) was obtained from CB Hybrid-1 and the lowest (2112.37 kg/ha) seed cotton was produced by CB-13. The highest BCR (1.31) was observed in cotton (CB Hybrid-1) –relay lentil –mungbean cropping pattern and the lowest BCR (1.10) was observed in Cotton (CB-13) – relay wheat –mungbean cropping pattern. The finding infers that cotton – relay lentil - mungbean cropping pattern might have the potentiality to increase cropping intensity in Bangladesh.
 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 37-41 2018
4
Sahuri, Munif Ghulamahdi, and Suwarto. "Growth, yield, and land use efficiency of soybean-maize relay cropping under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps." Indonesian Journal of Agronomy 51, no. 1 (2023): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/ija.v51i1.45811.
Full textAbstract:
More than 75 percent of households growing maize and soybean adopts the monoculture method. The relay cropping of soybean-maize is a strategic choice to increase the planted area and productivity of these two commodities' sustainability in tidal swamps. The research aimed to study the land equivalent ratio (LER), determine the best planting spacing and soybean varieties, and the best relay cropping of maize on saturated soil culture in tidal swamps. The experiment was on mineral soils with type B tidal swamps, in Banyuasin, South Sumatra, from July to December 2022. The experiment used a three-factor randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was soybean varieties: Argomulyo, Gepak Kuning, Detap 1, and Demas 1, the second factor was soybean planting spacing: 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and 60 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm, and the third factor was the relay cropping of maize: 30 and 45 days after planting (DAP) of soybeans. Results showed that plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, filled pods, 100 seeds weight, and seed yield were influenced significantly by varieties. Demas 1 variety produced a higher seed yield, with relay cropping and monoculture, i.e., 4.2 tons ha-1 and 4.1 tons ha-1, respectively. Plant height, stem diameters, number of leaves, 100 grains weight, and grain yield in maize were significantly higher at soybean planting spacing of 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and relay cropping at 30 DAP. The LER values > 1, indicated that relay cropping increased land productivity as compared to monoculture cultivation. The LER at relay cropping of 30 DAP was significantly highest for Argomulyo and Detap 1 varieties, i.e., 1.8 and 1.8, respectively.
 Keywords: Land equivalent ratio, planting spacing, relay cropping, saturated soil culture, tidal swamps
5
Y.P. Singh, Sandeep S. Tomar, Sushma Tiwari, Ravi S. Yadav, and S.K. Dubey. "Relay sowing of berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) in mustard (Brassica juncea) improves system productivity, economics and soil fertility." Indian Journal of Soil Conservation 52, no. 3 (2025): 261–66. https://doi.org/10.59797/ijsc.v52.i3.180.
Full textAbstract:
Mustard-based mono-cropping systems have been experiencing a decline in productivity, economic profitability and soil quality in India's arid and semi-arid climate. An on-farm research study was conducted from 2017-18 to 2021-22 to address these issues. This study focused on the relay cropping of the legume fodder crop berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) alongside standing mustard, which was grown after fallow, pearl millet, paddy and green gram-based cropping systems. Including berseem as a relay crop in mustard cultivation, significantly greater soil organic carbon and its stock, macro- and micronutrient availability in soil and use-efficiency of land. Enhancements physicochemical properties of soil led to an increase in seed yields of pearl millet, paddy and green gram by 10-15%, followed by a 9-14% increase in mustard yield as compared to the existing cropping systems. Notably, the highest seed yield of berseem occurred when it was relay seeded in a fallow-mustard cropping system, followed by green gram-mustard and pearl millet-mustard. The lowest yield was observed in paddy-mustard cropping systems. The studies revealed that the mustard equivalent yield (MEY) in the legume-based relayed berseem cropping systems increased by 33- 66%, resulting in an additional net profit ranging from ` 40,000-51,000 ha-1 as compared to traditional cropping systems. Water productivity was significantly enhanced by 5- 14% when relay cropping berseem in mustard-based systems. However, it declined by 15% when berseem was relayed after mustard was grown in the fallow kharif season. Overall, the trend for MEY and net returns under the relay cropping of berseem in mustard-based systems was ranked as follows: paddy-mustard > pearl millet-mustard > green gram-mustard > fallow-mustard. This study demonstrated that relay cropping of berseem within mustard-based cropping systems can improve crop productivity, increase net profitability, enhance water productivity and positively affect soil physicochemical properties.
6
Woolley, J. N., and W. Rodríguez. "Cultivar X Cropping System Interactions in relay and row Intercropping of Bush Beans with different Maize Plant Types." Experimental Agriculture 23, no. 2 (1987): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016975.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryBean yield at two sites in Costa Rica was affected by the interactions of maize and bush bean cultivars with cropping system (relay, row intercropping and sole cropping). The maize culti-vars were grouped according to leaf area index (LAI) and plant height. At a site with a severe weed problem, leafy maize of intermediate height allowed the most bean yield in relay but the least in intercropping. Tall, leafy maize allowed as much yield of intercropped beans as short, less leafy cultivars. In intercrops, tall maize plants shaded the beans less, while in relay crops leafy plants of intermediate height shaded and suppressed weed growth so benefiting the following bean crop. At the other site, all maize groups had the same effect on beans whether grown in relay or intercropped. Leafy maize cultivars of medium height are preferable for sole crops and for relay cropping of beans at physiological maturity when weeds are a problem, but less leafy types are better for bean intercropping or for relay crops where the beans are planted before maize maturity. Plant types selected for sole cropping are not necessarily best for poly-cultures and one crop may affect another even when their periods of active growth do not overlap.
7
Suntari, Munif Ghulamahdi, and Maya Melati. "Relay-cropping soybean-maize in saturated soil culture increases efficiency of land use and nitrogen fertilizer." Indonesian Journal of Agronomy 51, no. 1 (2023): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/ija.v51i1.44905.
Full textAbstract:
Relay-cropping in saturated soil cultivation could increase land efficiency, but its effect on land use and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency is unclear. The research objective was to evaluate the land productivity of the relay-cropping system by calculating the land equivalent ratio (LER) and the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizer, and by determining the effect of previous soybean biomass. The experiment was arranged in a three-factor randomized complete block design. The first factor was the cropping patterns of soybean and maize, i.e., relay-cropping soybean-maize and maize monoculture. The second factor was the maize varieties, i.e., Pioneer 27 and Sukmaraga. The third factor was the application of N fertilizer with 4 doses: 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1. The results showed that the application of soybean biomass increased maize yield by 7.24%. Pioneer 27 produced a higher yield than Sukmaraga, and the dose of N fertilizer of 150 kg ha-1 resulted in the highest yield of 7.50 tons ha-1. The highest LER of 2.18% was achieved in the relay-cropping without applying follow-up N fertilizer (control). The experiment concludes relay-cropping after soybean save land by about 118% and save N fertilizer by 33.3%. The reduction of N fertilizer application by 33.3% (100 kg N ha-1) reduced corn cob productivity by 13.3%, and is not significantly different from 150 kg N ha-1. 
 Keywords: chlorophyll, LER, plant residue
8
Sandhu, Ravneet K., Nathan S. Boyd, Lincoln Zotarelli, Shinsuke Agehara, and Natalia Peres. "Relay Cropping Bell Pepper and Tomato: Effects of Cropping Sequence and Transplanting Date." HortScience 56, no. 8 (2021): 915–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15928-21.
Full textAbstract:
Vegetable growers in Florida face rising production costs, reduced crop value, and competition from foreign markets. Relay cropping is a variant of double cropping, where the second crop is planted into the first crop before the harvest is finished. This cropping system may be a potential solution to lower production costs per crop by sharing some inputs for two crops. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of cropping sequence and transplanting date of the secondary crop when relay cropping tomato and bell pepper. Two field experiments were conducted at the Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Balm, FL, in 2018 and 2019. In the first experiment, tomato was grown as the primary crop and bell pepper was added as the secondary crop, with multiple transplanting dates (8 Aug., 23 Aug., 7 Sept., and 24 Sept.). The second experiment had the same setup but the reverse cropping sequence. Bell pepper yield as the secondary crop was reduced by 65% when grown with tomato as the primary crop compared with bell pepper planted alone. Transplanting date had no effect on bell pepper yield (P = 0.091). Tomato yield was unaffected by the presence of the secondary crop. In the second experiment, tomato yield as a secondary crop was 36% lower when grown with bell pepper as the primary crop compared with tomato crop alone (monocropped). However, tomato yield was significantly reduced by the presence of bell pepper only when tomato crop was planted within 30 to 45 days after planting bell pepper. Based on these results, we recommend relay cropping tomato as the secondary crop within 30 days of planting of bell pepper as the primary crop. However, we do not recommend relay cropping bell pepper as the secondary crop with tomato.
9
KESHTA, MATY M., BADR A. EL-AHMAR, and ABDEN A. EL-SHIMY. "STUDIES ON SUNFLOWER-TOMATOES RELAY CROPPING." Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research 78, no. 1 (2000): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2000.321516.
Full text
10
Barik, T., and K. C. Sahoo. "Relay Cropping in Upland Rice Fallows." International Rice Research Newsletter 15, no. 3 (1990): 37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7179322.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Relay Cropping in Upland Rice Fallows' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
11
Gao, Lin, Xin-min Liu, Yong-mei Du, Hao Zong, and Guo-ming Shen. "Effects of tobacco–peanut relay intercropping on soil bacteria community structure." Annals of Microbiology 69, no. 13 (2019): 1531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13213-019-01537-9.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Purpose A reasonable cultivation pattern is beneficial to maintain soil microbial activity and optimize the structure of the soil microbial community. To determine the effect of tobacco−peanut (Nicotiana tabacum−Arachis hypogaea) relay intercropping on the microbial community structure in soil, we compared the effects of relay intercropping and continuous cropping on the soil bacteria community structure. Methods We collected soil samples from three different cropping patterns and analyzed microbial community structure and diversity using high-throughput sequencing technology. Result The number of operational taxonomic units (OTU) for bacterial species in the soil was maximal under continuous peanut cropping. At the phylum level, the main bacteria identified in soil were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria, which accounted for approximately 70% of the total. The proportions of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes increased, whereas the proportion of Proteobacteria decreased in soil with tobacco–peanut relay intercropping. Moreover, the proportions of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria among the soil bacteria further shifted over time with tobacco–peanut relay intercropping. At the genus level, the proportions of Bacillus and Lactococcus increased in soil with tobacco–peanut relay intercropping. Conclusion The community structure of soil bacteria differed considerably with tobacco–peanut relay intercropping from that detected under peanut continuous cropping, and the proportions of beneficial bacteria (the phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, and the genera Bacillus and Lactococcus) increased while the proportion of potentially pathogenic bacteria (the genera Variibacter and Burkholderia) decreased. These results provide a basis for adopting tobacco–peanut relay intercropping to improve soil ecology and microorganisms, while making better use of limited cultivable land.
12
LUO, Yulong, Xueli WU, Daobin TANG, et al. "Effect of Maize (Zea mays L.) Plant-Type on Yield and Photosynthetic Characters of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea balatas L.) in Intercropping System." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 45, no. 1 (2017): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha45110421.
Full textAbstract:
Sweet potato/maize relay-cropping mode is considered as the main farming practices of dry land in Southwest China. Although relay-cropping would cause the reduction of fresh tuber yield, it still remained unclear that the reason was shade resulted from maize or genotype of sweet potato. The present work aims at exploring the effects of maize (Zea mays L.) plant-type on photosynthetic physiology and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea balatas L.) in relay-cropping system. Besides, three plant-types maize cultivars including compact, semi-compact and expanded type were used for relay-cropping with different sweet potato cultivars (‘Yushu-2’, ‘Yushu-6’ and ‘Nanshu-88’) in field. The results showed that the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was declined with the increase of expansion of maize plant-type, which decreased by 77.5%, 80.1% and 82.1% respectively. When relay-cropped with extended maize, the yield reduction rate of sweet potato was the highest (67%). The shade-resistance of different genotype of sweet potatoes was different, and the yield reduction rate of ‘Yushu-2’ was the lowest (37.01%). Through conducting correlations analysis, it showed that fresh tuber yield had significant positive correlation with Effective Quantum Yield (Y(II)) and significant negative correlation with Non Photochemical Quenching Coefficient (NPQ). In terms of ‘Yushu-2’, the proportion of heat dissipation was the lowest, and its light quantum efficiency was higher than others. As a result, its reduction rate of yield was lower than the other two. We suggested that compact maize cultivar relay-cropping with strong shade-resistance sweet potato cultivar should be mainly applied in practice of sweet potato.
13
Sivakumar, M. V. K. "Growth and Yield of Millet and Cowpea in Relay and Intercrop Systems in the Sahelian Zone in Years when the Onset of the Rainy Season is Early." Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 4 (1993): 417–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447970002113x.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryField trials conducted previously in Niger have shown that in years when the onset of the rains is 15–20 days earlier than average, the long growing season can be exploited by growing a relay crop of millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). In the trials reported here, the advantages of relay cropping were compared with intercropping with improved management and intercropping under traditional management during the 1989, 1990 and 1991 rainy seasons at the ICRISAT Sahelian Center, Sadore, Niger. The length of the growing season varied from 139 to 150 days over the three seasons. The relay crop produced more dry matter and leaf area and yielded more than the intercrops in all three years, confirming that in years when the onset of the rains is early, relay cropping with millet and cowpea is a better option than growing the same two species as an intercrop. Relay cropping avoids the competitive effects inherent in intercropping systems, while offering the additional advantages of rotating cereals with legumes.Mijo y caupí en sistemas de relevo y de cultivo simultáneo
14
Tariq, Muhammad, Muhammad Naveed Afzal, Muhammad Ahmad, et al. "Relay cropping of cotton in wheat improves productivity of cotton-wheat cropping system." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (2022): e0266694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266694.
Full textAbstract:
Cotton-wheat (CW) is an important cropping system in Pakistan; however, delayed cultivation of cotton after wheat significantly deceases system productivity. Late-sown cotton crop suffers from heat stress, high fruit shedding and infestation of various pests and cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV). Therefore, early sowing of cotton is preferred to overcome these challenges. However, cotton planting is overlapped with the harvesting of wheat crop in CW cropping system. Since fallow land is unavailable, relay intercropping of cotton in wheat crop seems a viable option for early planting. This three-year field study evaluated the role of relay cropping of cotton in improving the productivity of CW cropping system and lowering CLCV infestation. Wheat was planted in 22.5 cm rows with no row skipped (W1), one row skipped after every three (W2), and six rows (W3) for planting cotton in 0.75 and 1.50 m apart rows. Early cotton was planted in fallow land (C1) and standing wheat in 0.75 (C2) and 1.50 m (C3) apart rows and conventional planting after wheat harvesting (C4). Yield losses of wheat crop ranged from 8.16 to 19.81% in W3 and W2, respectively compared W1. However, C2 and C3 treatments improved cotton yield by 86.07% and 64.89% suppressed CLCV infestation by 68.14% and 65.86%, respectively compared to C4. Moreover, net benefits from relay cropping (W2C2) were 2190.1 $ ha-1 in 2013–14, 1954.4 $ ha-1 in 2014–15 and 2559.5 $ ha-1 in 2015–16 in comparison with C1 (1543.5, 1311.7 and 1892.3 $ ha-1 during 2013–14, 2014–15 and 2015–16, respectively). The W2 resulted in higher cotton yield compared to W3 which is mainly attributed to double number of cotton rows in W2 than W3. It is concluded that cotton relay cropping (W2C2) resulted in the highest economic returns with minimum CLCV infestation. Therefore, W2C2 is recommended for improving the system productivity of CW cropping system.
15
Sandhu, Ravneet K., Nathan S. Boyd, Shaun Sharpe, et al. "Management of Relay-cropped Strawberry and Eggplant to Maximize Yield and Economic Return." HortScience 55, no. 7 (2020): 1083–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14932-20.
Full textAbstract:
Strawberry growers face rising production costs combined with competition from foreign imports. Relay cropping vegetables with strawberries is a unique approach that can diversify income and reduce the risk associated with strawberry production. Planting vegetable transplants on the same bed before strawberry crop termination enables continued berry harvesting while the new vegetable transplants become established. Relay cropping techniques of strawberry with eggplants were evaluated during the 2016–17 and 2017–18 seasons in Balm, FL. The strawberry crop was planted in September, and eggplant was transplanted into the beds either as a sole crop or with strawberry plants. Two experiments were conducted to optimize the planting date of strawberries and the termination date of strawberries. The objective of the research was to examine the competitive relationship between strawberry and eggplant crops and to define the optimal planting date for the eggplant and termination date of strawberries to minimize the competitive interaction and maximize the yield of both crops. Strawberry yields were unaffected (P = 0.938) by relay cropping or by the planting date of the eggplant. Eggplants grown without strawberries had 27% to 32% higher yields (P = 0.004) compared with relay-cropped eggplants, and eggplant yield decreased with later planting dates (P < 0.001). A partial budget analysis showed that transplant dates of 4 and 18 Jan. for eggplants with strawberries resulted in increased profits of $7320 and $3461 per ha, respectively, over the baseline treatment of strawberries alone, but later planting dates resulted in an overall economic loss ($7800–$16,000/ha). Strawberry termination dates did not affect eggplant yields. In conclusion, relay cropping eggplants with strawberries resulted in no effect on strawberry yields, reduced eggplant yields, but increased overall profits when eggplant were transplanted in early to mid-January. Relay cropping of strawberries with eggplants in early February to early March is less profitable than a monocrop of strawberries.
16
MALIK, A. I., M. O. ALI, M. S. ZAMAN, K. FLOWER, M. M. RAHMAN, and W. ERSKINE. "Relay sowing of lentil (Lens culinaris subsp. culinaris) to intensify rice-based cropping." Journal of Agricultural Science 154, no. 5 (2015): 850–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859614001324.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYThe cropping systems of the Eastern Gangetic Plains of Bangladesh, India and Nepal are based on rice. There is a scope to intensify such systems through diversification with lentil, the most popular food legume. Two strategies were evaluated to fit lentil into the short fallow between successive monsoonal (i.e., T. aman) and pre-monsoonal (aus) or irrigated rice (boro) crop. These were early-flowering sole-cropped lentil and relay-sown lentil into rice. Firstly, 18 early-flowering lentil lines at three contrasting sowing dates were tested over two seasons on a research station at Ishurdi in Bangladesh. Secondly, relay sowing was evaluated at the same location with six early-flowering lines and two control cultivars in two seasons. It was also assessed on ten farms in Western Bangladesh, comparing relay with sole cropping over 3 years. Flowering in the early-flowering lentil lines was consistently 9–17 days earlier, than the control cultivars, but they did not achieve an economic yield (<1·0 t/ha). Relay sowing with an existing cultivar produced an economic yield of lentil, which was comparable or higher than sole-cropped lentil in all situations. The relay-sown lentil matured in sufficient time to allow the land to be prepared for the succeeding rain-fed rice crop. It was concluded that the substitution of relay-sown lentil for fallow in the monsoonal rice–fallow–rain-fed rice cropping pattern is a useful option to intensify and diversify cropping in the Eastern Gangetic Plain.
17
SINGH, S. N., R. L. YADAV, D. V. YADAV, P. R. SINGH, and I. SINGH. "INTRODUCING AUTUMN SUGARCANE AS A RELAY INTERCROP IN SKIPPED ROW PLANTED RICE–POTATO CROPPING SYSTEM FOR ENHANCED PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY IN THE INDIAN SUB-TROPICS." Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 4 (2010): 519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447971000058x.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYField experiments were conducted for the three consecutive cropping seasons of 2003–05, 2004–06 and 2005–07 at the Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, India, to explore the feasibility of planting sugarcane in autumn as a relay intercrop in standing rice. The cropping systems evaluated were: i) rice-potato-spring sugarcane; ii) rice + autumn sugarcane (planted as a relay intercrop in every sixth row devoid (skipped) of transplanted rice + potato after rice; iii) rice-autumn sugarcane (planted without preparatory tillage) + potato; and iv) rice-autumn sugarcane (planted with preparatory tillage) + potato. In each case, sugarcane was planted in rows 90 cm apart. Rice was transplanted in rows at 20-cm row spacing when followed by potato or sugarcane, but at 18-cm row spacing when intended for sugarcane planting as a relay intercrop in late September. The germination (60.4%) of cane buds, tillers (323 000 ha−1) and number (149 000 ha−1), length (225 cm), girth (2.44 cm) and weight (747 g) of millable canes were markedly better when autumn sugarcane was planted with rice as a relay intercrop in comparison to other cropping systems. Similarly, this cropping system produced the maximum cane (111.4 t ha−1) and sugar (13.2 t ha−1) along with sugarcane equivalent yield (216.4 t ha−1). In turn, relay intercropping system with maximum cane production efficiency of 420 kg ha−1day−1 fetched the highest economic returns (Rs. 258 ha−1day−1) and benefit:cost ratio (1.5). Compared with the rice-potato-spring sugarcane cropping system, the relay intercrop of autumn sugarcane in standing rice produced 35.4% more cane and 38.3% more sugar with 24.1% higher returns besides 79.1% energy saving. This practice will not only benefit cane growers and sugar mill owners in tropical and sub-tropical India, but also in other parts of the world where rice and sugarcane are extensively cultivated.
18
Patra, S. S., and A. Misra. "Production Potential and Economics of Rice-Based Relay Cropping Systems." International Rice Research Newsletter 13, no. 6 (1988): 48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7146216.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Production Potential and Economics of Rice-Based Relay Cropping Systems' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
19
Alam, MJ, AA Mahmud, MA Islam, MSH Molla, and MA Ali. "Relaying of Maize With Potato Under Maize-Fallow-T. Aman Cropping Pattern in Charland." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 1 (2023): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v46i1.63320.
Full textAbstract:
A field experiment was conducted in the charland of the Jamuna river under Sundargonj upazilla (AEZ 3) of Gaibandha during 2017-18 and 2018-19. Two cropping systems were compared: Potato/Maize-T. Aman (relay cropping of maize with potato) and Maize-Fallow-T. Aman. The experiment was laidout in six dispersed replications maintaining randomized complete block design (RCB) design. The results revealed that the improved cropping pattern (Potato/Maize- T. Aman) produced the higher system rice equivalent yield (21.58 t ha-1) than the existing cropping pattern (11.61 t ha-1), that is almost double than the existing cropping pattern. Similarly, the production efficiency (PE) was 44% higher in the improved cropping pattern with a value of 70 kg ha-1 day-1 than the existing ones (48.5 kg ha-1 day-1). The land use efficiency (LUE) was also 29% more in the same cropping pattern (84.5%) compared to the farmers existing cropping pattern (65.5%). The profitability in terms of gross margin was almost double in the improved cropping pattern (Tk. 1,95,630) than the farmers’ existing cropping pattern (Tk. 1,00,750). Inclusion of Potato relay with the existing cropping increase the system productivity and MBCR (1.91) of the farmers in the char areas. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 46(1): 99-106, March 2021
20
Bhanvadia, A. S., K. J. Vekariya, and R. A. Patel. "Relay Cropping of Castor in Legume Crops." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 7 (2017): 2729–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.382.
Full text
21
Kumar, Rajesh, Desh Raj Choudhary, Satpal Singh, and Mansi Bishnoi. "Assessment of the Productivity and Profitability of Alternate Cropping System for Diversification of Rice –Wheat Cropping System." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 37, no. 6 (2025): 130–35. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i65493.
Full textAbstract:
A field study was conducted from 2022-23 to 2023-24 through on-farm trials in Panipat district, Haryana, India, to evaluate alternative cropping systems to the traditional rice–wheat system in terms of productivity and profitability. The experiment compared three cropping systems: rice– wheat, rice – wheat with muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) in a relay system, and rice – mustard – muskmelon. Results indicated that the system productivity of the rice-mustard-muskmelon and rice-wheat+muskmelon relay cropping systems surpassed the traditional rice-wheat system by 68.3% and 49.7%, respectively. Furthermore, rice-mustard-muskmelon provided significantly higher gross (Rs. 4,66,104) and net returns (Rs. 3,32,084) compared to the other cropping systems. The findings suggest that the rice – mustard – muskmelon cropping system reduces the buildup of pests and diseases common to rice-wheat cropping system, increased land productivity, and broaden a farmer's sources of income and food. Thus, it is a viable and more remunerative alternative to the conventional rice – wheat system and holds promise for enhancing sustainability and income generation in the Indo - Gangetic Plains.
22
Alves, Nilva Marileia, Vanderson Vieira Batista, Karine Fuschter Oligini, Paulo Fernando Adami, and Douglas Junior Bertoncelli. "Wheat-soybean relay cropping allows corn cultivation as the third crop of the year in Southern Brazil." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 45, no. 6 (2024): 2015–32. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n6p2015.
Full textAbstract:
Relay cropping allows soybean to overlap with wheat for a period, reducing the production risks associated with wheat and enabling earlier sowing and harvesting of soybean. This study aimed to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of a wheat-soybean relay cropping system and the cultivation of corn as a third crop within the same agricultural year. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement, featuring three repetitions during the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 growing seasons. Four wheat inter-row spacings, with configurations of 17 and 22 cm in single and double rows, resulted in soybean row spacings of 51 and 66 cm. Soybean was sown at the wheat's milk and dough grain stages, and a control was sown after wheat harvest with 45 cm inter-row spacing. The best wheat-soybean relay cropping arrangement was 17D, where wheat produced 2,812 and 2,267 kg ha-1, or 69.41 and 64.82% of the total produced by the control treatment in the first and second evaluated years, respectively. In the first year, soybean in the 51-cm arrangement sown during the second sowing season (09/23/19) produced 6,029.42 kg ha-1, which was 32.5% higher than the first season on 09/13/19 and 11.8% lower than the control on 10/03/19. In the second year, the same treatment sown on September 29 yielded 4,235.00 kg ha-1, which was 12.58% more than the first sowing period on September 14 and 7.4% lower than the control sown on October 23, 2020. Although its yield was 1,239 kg ha-1 less than the control (17S), relay cropping allowed corn sowing to be advanced by 15 days, which resulted in a grain yield increase of 1,956 kg ha-1 compared to corn sown after soybean harvest in the conventional system. The trade-off between wheat yield losses and corn yield gains indicates that wheat-soybean relay cropping has a positive balance and can be used as a management strategy to reduce crop risks and achieve higher grain yields per area. Additionally, wheat-soybean relay cropping provides grain yield gains per area and contributes to the productivity of the system, reducing risks for the three crops and yielding higher economic returns in both studied years.
23
Saputro, Avisema Sigit, and Dewi Ratna Nur Hayati. "Study of Synthetic Fertilizer Chili and Organic Fertilizer Watermelon on Relay Cropping Fields." Jurnal Agrinika: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Agribisnis 7, no. 2 (2023): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/agrinika.v7i2.4614.
Full textAbstract:
Chili is an agricultural commodity with prices that tend to fluctuate. Chilli-watermelon relay cropping is one way to overcome this problem and reduce losses when chili prices fall. Watermelon has a relatively short lifespan, so it can be a substitute when chili prices fall. Chili and watermelon are almost the same age. This research aims to assess how well the tandem cultivation of chili and watermelon in a relay cropping system is performed. The study employed a factorial randomized block design for experimentation. The research consisted of 2 experiments, namely chili and watermelon, cultivated on the same land. Experiment with 2 factors in chili, namely variety and type of NPK. The watermelon experiment involved 2 factors: variety and concentration of liquid organic fertilizer. All experiments were repeated four times. The data analysis proceeded by conducting Duncan's multiple range test at a significance level of 5%. Parameters for observing plant height, when flowers appear, fruit weight, number of chilies per plant, and watermelon fruit circumference. The results showed that chili and watermelon relay cropping could be harvested simultaneously without competition between plants. There was no interaction between chilies and watermelon. Chili has the highest weight in the Colombus variety with NPK Mahkota fertilizer. The watermelon with the highest weight was in the Baginda variety, with a liquid organic fertilizer concentration of 60 ml/liter. The relay cropping of chili and watermelon plants was effective simultaneously, and there was no decrease in yield.
24
R.P. SHARMA, S.K. PATHAK, M. HAPUE, and MANSER LAL. "Productivity, profitability and nutrient balance as influenced by diversification of Eice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system." Indian Journal of Agronomy 53, no. 2 (2001): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v53i2.4840.
Full textAbstract:
A field experiment was conducted during 2004-2005 and 2005-06 at Sabour, Bihar to diversify the existing rice (Oryza sativa L.) A wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system. Among the 14 rice-based cropping systems tested, rice-potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)Aonion (Allium cepa L.) + maize (Zea mays L.) relay cropping gave the highest mean rice-equivalent yield (30.66 tihdyear), followed by rice-garlic (Allium sativum L.) - maize (30.35 tihalyear) and rice-potato-onion (27.95 tihdyear). The highest net returns of R s 96,581lhdyear were realized from rice-garlic-maize, which were on a par with that of rice-potato-onion + maize relay cropping (Rs 92,837lhalyear). However, the benefit : cost ratio was highest (1.73) in rice-berseem [Trifolium alexandrinum (L.) Juslen.] ii maize + cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], both grown for fodder. The highest water-use efficiency (37.01 kg rice-equivalent yieldlhdmm) was recorded with riceRgarlicAmaize system. The rice-potato-onion + maize relay cropping proved the most effective in producing highest calorific value (61,155 K calorieslha) and showed the maximum land-use efficiency (94.8%). The same cropping system removed the maximum quantity of N (371.6 kglha), P (1 10.4 kglha) and K (451.4 kg1 ha), followed by rice-berseem -maize + cowpea (F), having cor- responding values 352.0, 88.2 and 361.0 kg/ hdyear. Heavy removal of NPK by rice-berseem-maize+cowpea (F) resulted in maximum negative balance of nitrogen (1 52.9 kglha), phosphorus (31.4 kglha) and potassium (304.6 kglhalyear). Potassium balance was negative in all the cropping systems, indicating that K was the most remov- able nutrient by the crops, which results in mining of soil K and thus calls for adequate K fertilization.
25
Assefa, Endeshew, and Yayeh Bitew. "Enhancing the land use efficiency of low-land rice (Oryza sativa L.)—Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) additive series relay intercropping in North-Western Ethiopia: A farmer’s indigenous knowledge." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (2023): e0281410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281410.
Full textAbstract:
In Ethiopia, the facts of farmers’ indigenous knowledge-based cropping systems have rarely been investigated through research. A field experiment was conducted during 2021/2022 main cropping season at Fogera Plain with the objective of examining the effect of additive series relay intercropping of grass pea with lowland rice on the grain yield of the component crops and the production efficiency of the cropping system. The experiment consisted of a factorial combination of four seed proportions of grass pea (SPGP) (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the recommended seed rate of sole grass pea) relay intercropped with full seed rates of rice in four rice: grass pea spatial arrangements (SA) (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and their mixed relay intercropping system). The treatments were arranged in a randomised complete block design with three replications. Data on grain yields of the component crops were collected and analysed using SAS-JMP-16 software. Results revealed that SPGP and SA had no significant effect on rice. The highest grain yield of grass pea was obtained when 25% SPGP was relay intercropped with rice in 1:3 SA (5.10 t ha-1). Maximum production efficiency in terms of total land output yield (9.89 t ha-1) and land use efficiency (ATER = 1.33), net benefit (33, 5176.79 Birr ha-1), marginal rate of return (21,428%), and positive monetary advantage index with lower competitive ratio was obtained when 50% SPGP was relay intercropped with rice in 1:3 SA. Thus, this mixture seems to contribute to the development of sustainable crop production with a limited use of external inputs. Rice intercropping with other staple legume crops under residual soil moisture needs to be tested across locations and years to intensify the production efficiency and profitability of the cropping system.
26
Yu, Jialin, Nathan S. Boyd, and Zhengfei Guan. "Relay-cropping and Fallow Programs for Strawberry-based Production System: Effects on Crop Productivity and Weed Control." HortScience 53, no. 4 (2018): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12658-17.
Full textAbstract:
Many strawberry growers in Florida relay crop vegetables with strawberries or grow multiple crops on the same plastic mulch. The practice can reduce the overall input costs per crop but weed management can be problematic. Field experiments designed as a split plot were conducted in Balm and Dover, FL over two successive strawberry-growing seasons from Oct. 2014 to Mar. 2015 (year 1) and Oct. 2015 to Mar. 2016 (year 2) and two successive muskmelon-growing seasons from March to July 2015 (year 1) and March to July 2016 (year 2). The objectives were to examine the effect of summer fallow programs and the presence or absence of a relay-crop on weed density and strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duchesne) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) yields. Summer fallow programs included leaving the plastic mulch in place and reusing it in year 2, a sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) cover crop, or a conventional chemical fallow. Relay cropping muskmelon with strawberries had no effect on strawberry yield. Summer fallow programs had no effect on muskmelon growth and yield in Balm and Dover, as well as strawberry growth and yield in Balm. In Dover, the plastic mulch summer fallow had 22% to 34% lower berry yield in year 2 compared with cover crop and chemical fallow, respectively. In year 2, relay-cropping was more effective in reducing total weed density compared with strawberry monoculture in Dover but not in Balm. In year 2 in Dover, averaged overall summer fallow programs, the total weed density was ≈3-fold less in relay-cropping than strawberry monoculture. Of all the summer fallow programs evaluated, leaving the plastic mulch in place combined with glyphosate was the most effective summer fallow program, whereas the conventional chemical fallow was the least effective at weed suppression. We conclude that relay cropping or double use of plastic mulch for successive strawberry crops are viable options for Florida strawberry growers.
27
Schepers, James S., Dennis D. Francis, and John F. Shanahan. "Relay Cropping for Improved Air and Water Quality." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 60, no. 3-4 (2005): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2005-3-405.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Using plants to extract excess nitrate from soil is important in protecting against eutrophication of standing water, hypoxic conditions in lakes and oceans, or elevated nitrate concentrations in domestic water supplies. Global climate change issues have raised new concerns about nitrogen (N) management as it relates to crop production even though there may not be an immediate threat to water quality. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are frequently considered the primary cause of global climate change, but under anaerobic conditions, animals can contribute by expelling methane (CH4) as do soil microbes. In terms of the potential for global climate change, CH4 is ~ 25 times more harmful than CO2. This differential effect is minuscule compared to when nitrous oxide (N2O) is released into the atmosphere because it is ~ 300 times more harmful than CO2. N2O losses from soil have been positively correlated with residual N (nitrate, NO3 -) concentrations in soil. It stands to reason that phytoremediation via nitrate scavenger crops is one approach to help protect air quality, as well as soil and water quality. Winter wheat was inserted into a seed corn/soybean rotation to utilize soil nitrate and thereby reduce the potential for nitrate leaching and N2O emissions. The net effect of the 2001- 2003 relay cropping sequence was to produce three crops in two years, scavenge 130 kg N/ha from the root zone, produce an extra 2 Mg residue/ha, and increase producer profitability by ~ $ 250/ha.
28
Xie, Haiyun, Jiuzhou Chen, Yabei Qiao, Kuan Xu, Zhi Lin, and Shengke Tian. "Biofortification Technology for the Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Farmland by the Hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii under Crop Rotation and Relay Cropping Mode." Toxics 10, no. 11 (2022): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10110691.
Full textAbstract:
Soil cadmium (Cd) extraction for hyperaccumulators is one of the most important technologies for the remediation of Cd-contaminated farmland soil. However, a phytoremediation model using a single hyperaccumulator cannot guarantee normal agricultural production in contaminated areas. To solve this problem, a combination of efficient remediation and safe production has been developed. Based on two-period field experiments, this study explored the effect of biofortification on soil Cd remediation using the fruit tree Sedum alfredii Hance and oil sunflower crop rotation and relay cropping mode. BioA and BioB treatments could markedly improve the efficiency of Cd extraction and remediation, and the maximum increase in Cd accumulation was 243.29%. When BioB treatment was combined with papaya–S. alfredii and oil sunflower crop rotation and relay cropping mode, the highest soil Cd removal rate in the two periods was 40.84%, whereas the Cd concentration of papaya fruit was lower than safety production standards (0.05 mg/kg). These results demonstrate that biofortification measures can significantly improve the Cd extraction effect of S. alfredii crop rotation and relay cropping restoration modes, which has guiding significance for Cd pollution remediation and safe production in farmland.
29
Foote, William, Keith Edmisten, Jack Bacheler, et al. "Thrips and Cotton Response to Relay Intercropping with Wheat in North Carolina." Journal of Cotton Science 18, no. 2 (2014): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/wmux4056.
Full textAbstract:
In North Carolina, double cropping cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) often results in sub-optimal cotton yield and minimal investment return, most often due to lack of sufficient stand as a result of moisture limitations and a short growing season. Relay intercropping of cotton in wheat prior to harvest may be an alternative to traditional double cropping. A relay intercropping system was tested at five locations over three years in North Carolina to determine thrips infestation, cotton yield, and economic return following relay intercropping of cotton and wheat. Relay intercropped wheat yield ranged from 65% to 85% of conventional wheat plantings. Cotton yields were not affected by the presence of relay-intercropped wheat, but plant maturity was delayed in some experiments. Intercropped cotton plants exhibited similar morphology to cotton planted in a traditional strip tillage system with wheat terminated two wks prior to planting with increased nodes above cracked boll, suggesting delayed plant development. In four of five locations, thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) populations were lower in the intercropped cotton, most likely due to interference of the ability of thrips to locate cotton seedlings. Thrips levels when seed was treated with abamectin plus thiamethoxam plus azoxystrobin and an additional in-furrow application of aldicarb or acephate applied to foliage were less than that of seed treated with azoxystrobin alone. Estimated economic return of intercropped cotton and wheat equaled that of conventional cotton planting and exceeded double cropping of wheat followed by soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] most years when cotton, soybean, and wheat prices were set at $1.98 kg-1 lint, $0.44 kg-1, and $0.25 kg-1, respectively.
30
Parajulee, Dipika, and Sangam Panta. "A review on maize-finger millet relay cropping in hills of Nepal: Prospects and constraints." Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 6, no. 4 (2021): 570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2021.0604021.
Full textAbstract:
Maize (Zea mays) and Finger millet (Elusine corocana) are two key staple crops grown in the hills of Nepal. These crops are planted in a relay intercropping system developed by farmers since the dawn of time. The unique example of cereal-cereal intercropping with its cropping system and cropping pattern at different altitudes is reviewed along with the yield comparison of direct-seeded and transplanted finger millet with maize. Relay cropping is the planting of second crop in the same land area before the harvest of first crop with the goal of higher productivity by sharing the available resources. Considerable research has been done on maize and millet but there has been a limited approach to their cropping system. This paper reviews the existing system of cropping, its prospects, and its constraints. The prospects of maize/finger millet cultivation are pronounced in the form of yield increment, economic and efficient use of available resources, insurance against crop failure, and reduced insect, pest, and weed incidence. Although this cropping system has benefits, it exhibits limitations as well which are competition between crops, lack of suitable varieties, labor-intensive system, and soil-nutrient loss. As maize and finger millet are the main food crops in hilly terrain, it is urged to provide the focus and encouragement regarding their sustainable and modern approaches by developing and disseminating crop growing and management technologies.
31
Du, Lantian, Baojian Huang, Nanshan Du, Shirong Guo, Sheng Shu, and Jin Sun. "Effects of Garlic/Cucumber Relay Intercropping on Soil Enzyme Activities and the Microbial Environment in Continuous Cropping." HortScience 52, no. 1 (2017): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci11442-16.
Full textAbstract:
Soil sickness from the continuous cropping of cucumbers has become a major limiting factor for protected cucumber cultivation. The use of reasonable cropping systems and the employment of allelopathy between different crops are considered to be the major safe and effective measures for alleviating soil sickness. The objective of this study assessed the effects of garlic (Allium sativum L. cv. Yusuan No. 1)/cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Jinchun No. 4) relay intercropping on soil enzyme activities and the microbial environment in a continuous cropping regime. Cucumbers and garlic were selected and planted in plastic barrels. The following four treatments were included in the experiment: continuous cropping without crops (Cont), monoculture cucumbers (C), monoculture garlic (G), and the relay intercropping of garlic with cucumbers (CG). The results showed that relay intercropping with garlic promoted cucumber plant growth and attenuated damage caused by soil sickness. In comparison with the Cont treatment, the C treatment decreased soil urease, catalase, invertase, and phosphatase activities; by contrast, the CG treatment enhanced all soil enzyme activities. The C treatment resulted in lower numbers of soil bacteria and actinomycetes and a lower bacteria/fungi ratio, but there were a higher number of soil fungi than there were in the Cont treatment. However, the CG treatment increased the numbers of soil bacteria and actinomycetes as well as the bacteria/fungi ratio, and it decreased the number of soil fungi. In comparison with the Cont treatment, the C treatment reduced the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and soil basal respiration (BSR) without affecting the metabolic quotient (qCO2), whereas the CG treatment increased all three variables. A polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis revealed decreased bacterial community diversity and increased fungal community diversity in soil with the C treatment; the opposite trend was observed in the CG treatment. The results indicated that the relay intercropping of garlic with cucumbers improved soil enzyme activities and promoted the conversion of continuous cropping soil from a “fungal” type to a “bacterial” type. Additionally, relay intercropping altered the soil bacterial community structure, increased the bacterial diversity indices, and enriched the dominant bacterial populations in the soil. These mechanisms improved the soil microbial environment and effectively alleviated damage caused by soil sickness, thus promoting cucumber plant growth.
32
Murdiono, Wisnu Eko, Ellis Nihayati, Sitawati ., and Nur Azizah. "Peningkatan Produksi Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) Pada Berbagai Macam Pola Tanam dengan Jagung (Zea mays)." Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia 7, no. 2 (2016): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jhi.7.2.129-137.
Full textAbstract:
<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><strong><em></em><em> <br /></em></strong></p><p><em>Temulawak is one of Indonesia’s indigenous plant which is rarely cultivated by farmers because it has a long harvest time and wide plant spacing. Intercropping temulawak with maize is expected to attract farmers to cultivate temulawak intensively. This research was aimed </em><em>at</em><em> obtain</em><em>ing</em><em> the most advantageous growth and yield of temulawak (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Curcuma</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">xanthorrhiza</span>) in different planting patterns with maize (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Zea</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mays</span>). </em><em>This r</em><em>esearch </em><em>was </em><em>conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University experimental </em><em>farm</em><em> in Jatikerto</em><em>, Malang,</em><em> from December 2014 </em><em>to</em><em> June 2015</em><em>. Experimental design was completely randomized block design with </em><em>four</em><em> replicat</em><em>ion and 6 treatments</em><em> </em><em>:</em><em> T1 (strip cropping, cropping simultaneously), T2 (row cropping, cropping simultaneously), T3 (strip relay cropping, planting 1 month before the </em><em>maize</em><em>), T4 (row relay cropping, planting 1 month before the </em><em>maize</em><em>), T5 (strip relay cropping, planting 1 month after the </em><em>maize</em><em>), T6 (row relay cropping, planting 1 month after the </em><em>maize</em><em>). </em><em>The growth and yield of temulawak were significantly affected by planting pattern and planting time of maize. Generally, earlier and simultaneously planted temulawak had higher growth and yield. Row cropping is the best planting pattern of turmeric combined with maize which produce 4</em><em>.</em><em>05 ton</em><em> </em><em>ha<sup>-1</sup> fresh rhizome weight.</em></p><p><em>Keywords :</em><em> </em><em>intercropping</em><em>,</em><em> maize, planting pattern,</em><em> planting time,</em><em> turmeric</em><strong></strong></p><p align="center"><strong> <br /></strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong><strong></strong><strong> <br /></strong></p><p>Waktu panen yang lama serta jarak tanam yang lebar menyebabkan kurangnya minat petani untuk menanam temulawak sebagai tanaman utama. Salah satu solusi yang diharapkan untuk menarik minat petani dalam membudidayakan temulawak adalah dengan pola tanam tumpang sari dengan tanaman pangan. Jagung umumnya memiliki waktu panen relatif lebih singkat dan jarak tanam relatif sempit sehingga potensial untuk ditumpangsarikan dengan temulawak. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan pola tanam yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil terbaik bagi temulawak pada beberapa pola tanam tumpangsari dengan jagung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya yang berlokasi di Desa Jatikerto, Malang pada bulan Desember 2014 sampai Juni 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali, dengan 6 perlakuan pola tanam sebagai berikut: T1 (<em>strip cropping</em>, ditanam bersamaan), T2 (pola <em>row cropping</em>, ditanam bersamaan), T3 (<em>strip relay</em> temulawak - jagung), T4 (<em>row relay</em> temulawak - jagung), T5 (<em>strip relay</em> jagung - temulawak), T6 (<em>row relay</em> jagung - temulawak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan pola tanam pada sistem tumpangsari temulawak dan jagung memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda bagi pertumbuhan dan hasil temulawak. Temulawak yang ditanam lebih awal memiliki nilai rata-rata pertumbuhan dan hasil yang lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan temulawak yang ditanam setelah jagung. Pola tanam <em>row cropping</em> memberikan hasil rimpang temulawak tertinggi pada berbagai macam pola tanam dengan jagung yang mencapai 4.05 ton ha<sup>-1</sup>.</p><p>Kata kunci: jagung, pola tanam, produksi, temulawak, tumpangsari</p>
33
Abubakar, Ihdiani, Siti Yulianty Chansa Arfah, Hardiyanti Sultan, and Sultan Sarda. "DIVERSIFICATION OF HORTICULTURAL FARMING IN FACING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CASE STUDY IN SIGI BIROMARU DISTRICT, CENTRAL SULAWESI." AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal) 9, no. 2 (2022): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/agroland.v0i0.1333.
Full textAbstract:
Efforts to use land through cropping patterns or crop rotation, better known as farm diversification can be an alternative for farmers to maintain their farming during the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic affected commodity changes or changes in cropping patterns on farms cultivated by farmer. This study aims to analyze and describe the pattern of horticultural farming and the level of farmers’ incomes. The research was conducted in three villages in Sigi Biromaru District, namely Jono Oge Village, Lolu Village, and Sidera Village. The results show that there are no differences in the cropping patterns carried out by farmers in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. The cropping patterns include intercropping, multiple cropping, and relay cropping. The highest income per year is obtained by Jono Oge Village at IDR 12,054,600.00, followed by Lolu Village at IDR 8,099,262.40 and Sidera Village was IDR 4.416.600.00.
34
SINGH, MANPREET, H. S. SIDHU, J. S. MAHAL, et al. "RELAY SOWING OF WHEAT IN THE COTTON–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM IN NORTH-WEST INDIA: TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Experimental Agriculture 53, no. 4 (2016): 539–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479716000569.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYCotton–wheat (CW) is an important cropping system in South Asia. Wheat yields under a conventional CW system are generally lower compared to a rice–wheat system due to delayed seeding. Relay seeding of wheat can help timely sowing, capturing residual soil moisture of last irrigation to cotton, and increase the productivity and profitability of CW system. The field experiment included two Bt-cotton genotypes having different canopy cover (RCH 776 and MRC 7017), two types of relay seeders (RSs) for cotton planted at 67.5-cm and 101-cm row spacing and four types of relay seeding methods (manual broadcast, strip rotor (SR) and zero-till double disc and conventional till). Relay planting of wheat allowed one additional boll picking, which increased seed cotton yield by 12% compared with conventional tillage wheat. Cotton genotypes and RSs had no effect on emergence and yield of wheat. The RSs with SR and zero till double disc furrow openers performed better in terms of wheat emergence and grain yield compared to zero-till tine openers. Under relay seeding, wheat sowing was advanced by 31 days, which increased grain yield by 18.8% compared with conventional tillage practice. Net returns from the CW system with relay seeding of wheat were higher by US$ 311 to 425 ha−1 compared with the conventional CW system.
35
Neupane, Reshama, Rajendra Kumar Bhattarai, Pankaj Gyawaly, et al. "Crop Establishment Methods Affect Plant Stand and Yield of Lentil under Rice-lentil Cropping at Khumaltar Condition." Agronomy Journal of Nepal 8 (October 19, 2024): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v8i1.70896.
Full textAbstract:
Lentil variety Maheswor Bharati was evaluated in three establishment methods: relay, conventional tillage after rice harvest (post-rice CT), seeding by seed drill where seeds covered by minimum soil disturbance in single pass, and two rice residue heights: residue removed i.e., straw cut at 5 cm height and 30 cm residue retained at Agronomy Farm, Khumaltar from 2016/17 to 2018/19. Experiments were conducted in Randomized Complete Block design with four replications. Seeds broadcasted on standing rice during 2-16 November for relay crop; and 21-29 November for post-rice CT. Seed rates were 40 kg ha-1 for machine and manual line sowing and 50 kg ha-1 for broadcasting. Rice was harvested at 14-18 days after lentil relay. Fertilizers were applied based on soil fertility of experimental field. Significant variation was observed in plant stand, crop duration, growth and yield parameters among establishment methods; and year to year variation was also significant except for plant stand. Plant stand was greater (58-62 m-2) in machine sowing with or without residue retention and manual line sowing in post-rice CT, while low (32-40 m-2) in broadcasting methods either as relay or post-rice CT. Crop grew tall in relay with residue retained and machine sowing (41 cm) as compared to broadcasting in post-rice CT (33 cm). Grain yield was 46-115% and 24-83% higher in seeding by machine as compared to relay sown without residue (492 kg ha-1) and broadcasting in post-rice CT (578 kg ha-1), respectively.
36
Borah, Nilay, Sanjay Kumar Chetia, Prasanna K. Pathak, et al. "Soil Fertility, Crop Productivity, Cropping Intensity and Livelihood Enhancement in Titabar, Assam, India: A Participatory Approach through Farmer FIRST Programme." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 12 (2024): 341–49. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i122678.
Full textAbstract:
The performance of pea as relay crop into the prevailing rice-fallow system in Titabar development block of Jorhat district in Assam was demonstrated and evaluated in a participatory approach through the Farmer FIRST (Farm Innovations, Resources, Science and Technology) Programme during 2017-18 to 2021-22. The production and productivity of rice increased both in participatory and indirect beneficiary farms and ranged from 4000 to 4800 kg/ha with a mean yield of 4420 kg/ha in direct beneficiary farms during the five years. The increase was mainly due to use of good quality seed at optimum planting time and adoption of balanced fertilizer doses for rice cultivation. The yield of pea as a relay crop varied from 625 to 938 kg/ha with a mean yield of 744 kg/ha over the 5 years period. The available nutrient contents of soil increased in rice-relay compared to rice-fallow crop, but the organic carbon content was not affected during the period. The cropping intensity increased from 101% in 2016-17 to 112% in 2021-22 in participatory farms and 109% in 2021-22 in non-participatory farms. The farm income increased for both participatory and indirect beneficiary farms with an increase in per unit net return for rice sole crop and rice-pea relay cropping.
37
Fan, Hong, Rong Miao, Congcong Guo, et al. "Research on the Effect of Diversified Cropping on Crop Quality: A Review." Agriculture 15, no. 5 (2025): 456. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15050456.
Full textAbstract:
Diversified cropping, as a crucial measure in modern ecological agriculture, promotes the intensification, industrialization, and diversification of agricultural production. By addressing region-specific and environmental challenges, the development of diversified cropping systems (DCS) tailored to local conditions can achieve the dual goals of improving crop quality and ensuring food security. However, existing crop quality improvement research primarily focuses on molecular techniques, with limited exploration of cropping practices. This review aims to systematically and comprehensively examine the concept, classification, and significance of diversified cropping. It highlights the critical roles and mechanisms of various cropping systems, such as intercropping, crop rotation, relay cropping, and multiple cropping, in enhancing crop quality. Furthermore, the review discusses the limitations and challenges of diversified cropping and offers suggestions for its improvement and application to advance research in this field. By proposing a scientific framework linking DCS with crop quality improvement, this review contributes to the formulation of evidence-based agricultural strategies to meet the growing demand for high-quality food, maintain environmental health, and promote long-term agricultural sustainability.
38
Sarma, D., P. Saikia, P. K. Sarma, et al. "Crop Intensification through Relay cropping in Rice Fallows of Assam." Indian Journal of Dryland Agricultural Research and Development 32, no. 1 (2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2231-6701.2017.00013.6.
Full text
39
Punyalue, Adirek, Jedsada Jongjaidee, Sansanee Jamjod, and Benjavan Rerkasem. "Reduce Burning in Maize Production by Relay Cropping with Legume." Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 5 (2015): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.08.003.
Full text
40
Assadi, Negin Mohavieh, and Ehsan Bijanzadeh. "Influence of relay intercropping of barley with chickpea on biochemical characteristics and yield under water stress." PLOS ONE 18, no. 6 (2023): e0273272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273272.
Full textAbstract:
Relay intercropping of legumes with cereals is a useful technique for yield increment. Intercropping may affect the photosynthetic pigments, enzyme activity and yield of barley and chickpea under water stress. To investigate the effect of relay intercropping of barley with chickpea on pigment content, enzyme activity and yield under water stress, a field experiment was conducted during 2017 and 2018. The treatments included irrigation regimes (normal irrigation and cutting off irrigation at the milk development stage) as the main plot. Also, cropping systems as sub plot consisted of sole and relay intercropping of barley with chickpea in two sowing dates (December vs January). Under water stress, the early establishment of barley in December intercropped with chickpea in January (b1c2) enhanced the leaf chlorophyll content by 16% compared to sole cropping due to less competition with chickpea. Late sowing of chickpea enhanced the leaf carotenoid content of chickpea, catalase and peroxidase activities. Barley-chickpea intercropping enhanced the WUE and guaranteed a more efficient use of space (land equivalent ratio of more than 1) compared with sole crops. Under water stress, in b1c2 enhancement of total chlorophyll and water use efficiency caused to increase the grain yield of barley. In b1c2, barley and chickpea reacted to water stress with increasing total chlorophyll and enzyme activity, respectively. In this relay intercropping treatment, each crop occupied and used the growth resources from different ecological niches at different times, which is recommended in semi-arid areas.
41
Thiessen Martens, J. R., M. H. Entz, and J. W. Hoeppner. "Legume cover crops with winter cereals in southern Manitoba: Fertilizer replacement values for oat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 85, no. 3 (2005): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p04-114.
Full textAbstract:
Yield benefits of legume cover crops in winter/spring cereal systems have not been well documented in the Canadian prairies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fertilizer replacement values (FRV) of relay-cropped alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and double-cropped chickling vetch (Lathryus sativus L.) and black lentil (Lens culinaris Medik. subsp. culinaris) to a subsequent oat (Avena sativa L.) crop. Field experiments were conducted in Manitoba on a clay soil at Winnipeg and a sandy loam at Carman. Alfalfa provided the highest FRV at Winnipeg (51–62 kg N ha-1), followed by chickling vetch (29–43 kg N ha-1), lentil (23–39 kg N ha-1), and red clover (24–26 kg N ha-1). FRV could not be established at Carman, where course-textured soil and low rainfall limited legume growth. Key words: Relay cropping, double cropping, cover crops
42
Desai, Chetan, A.L. JAT, S.K. SHAH, and A.G. DESAI. "Effect of relay intercropping of castor in kharif groundnut on system productivity and economic returns." Indian Journal of Agronomy 69, no. 4 (2024): 439–42. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v69i4.406.
Full textAbstract:
Castor and groundnut are important oilseed crop in India. Groundnut crop is sown at the onset of monsoon and while castor is grown in September in Gujarat. Hence, castor crop can be sown as relay intercrop in groundnut. It may increase crop production and profitability of farmers. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at Centre for Oilseeds Research, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar to study the feasibility of castor as relay intercropping in kharif groundnut during 2019–20 to 2021–22. Significantly higher groundnut equivalent yield (4,479 kg/ha) was found with groundnut + castor (4:1) [groundnut (30 cm) + castor (180 cm × 120 cm)] relay inter cropping which was at par with groundnut + castor (3:1) [groundnut (30 cm) + castor (150 cm × 120 cm)].
43
Desai, Chetan, A.L. JAT, S.K. SHAH, and A.G. DESAI. "Effect of relay intercropping of castor in kharif groundnut on system productivity and economic returns." Indian Journal of Agronomy 69, no. 4 (2024): 439–42. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v69i4.5548.
Full textAbstract:
Castor and groundnut are important oilseed crop in India. Groundnut crop is sown at the onset of monsoon and while castor is grown in September in Gujarat. Hence, castor crop can be sown as relay intercrop in groundnut. It may increase crop production and profitability of farmers. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at Centre for Oilseeds Research, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar to study the feasibility of castor as relay intercropping in kharif groundnut during 2019–20 to 2021–22. Significantly higher groundnut equivalent yield (4,479 kg/ha) was found with groundnut + castor (4:1) [groundnut (30 cm) + castor (180 cm × 120 cm)] relay inter cropping which was at par with groundnut + castor (3:1) [groundnut (30 cm) + castor (150 cm × 120 cm)].
44
Scordia, Danilo, Paolo Guarnaccia, Francesca Calderone, et al. "Adoption of Cereal–Legume Double Cropping toward More Sustainable Organic Systems in the Mediterranean Area." Agronomy 14, no. 4 (2024): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040772.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental benefits can be achieved by organic farming systems; however, weed pressure and timely crop nutrition remain important drawbacks for many field crops. Agroecological practices, such as double cropping (e.g., intercropping and relay cropping), using forage legume species can provide nitrogen (N) to the companion crop through biological N fixation and tackle weed issues by competing for light, water and land. The present study investigated the effect of intercropping (IC) and relay-cropping (RC) systems of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn) and forage legumes (Trifolium subterraneum L., Medicago polymorpha L., and Lotus corniculatus L.) by varying organic N fertilization with the aim to reduce N-requirement and weed pressure and increase wheat grain yield and grain protein content in Mediterranean organic farming systems. N fertilizer significantly improved wheat grain yield and grain protein, while a null effect on legume and weed biomass yields was found. Double cropping (T. durum-M. polymorpha, and T. durum-L. corniculatus) enhanced wheat grain yield as compared to the control and the T. durum-T. subterraneum. IC significantly improved legume yield, grain protein and the land equivalent ratio (LER) and reduced weed dry biomass as compared with the RC and the control. Among legume species, T. subterraneum outperformed the others and was less affected by the wheat’s competitive performance. Nonetheless, M. polymorpha was as effective as T. subterraneum in controlling weeds. Weed dry biomass was linearly reduced by increasing legume yield; the relationship improved by cumulating wheat grain yield to legume yield. Overall, this study indicated that double cropping, especially IC, can be a suitable agroecological practice to tackle weed issues and reduce N-requirement in Mediterranean organic cereal-based systems.
45
Wang, Guoping, Lu Feng, Liantao Liu, et al. "Early Relay Intercropping of Short-Season Cotton Increases Lint Yield and Earliness by Improving the Yield Components and Boll Distribution under Wheat-Cotton Double Cropping." Agriculture 11, no. 12 (2021): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121294.
Full textAbstract:
Wheat-cotton double cropping has improved crop productivity and economic benefits per unit land area in many countries, including China. However, relay intercropping of full-season cotton and wheat, the most commonly adopted mode, is labor-intensive and unconducive to mechanization. The direct sowing of short-season cotton after wheat (CAW) has been successful, but cotton yields and economic benefits are greatly reduced. Whether the relay intercropping of short-season cotton before the wheat harvest increases cotton yields remains unclear, as does the earliness and fiber quality relative to those for CAW. Therefore, we directly planted short-season cotton after wheat harvest on 15 June (CAW) as the control and interplanted short-season cotton in wheat on 15 May (S1), 25 May (S2) and 5 June (S3), which were 30, 20 and 10 days prior to wheat harvest, respectively, from 2016 to 2018. The crop growth, yield, yield components, boll distribution, and earliness of the cotton were evaluated. The yields and earliness of short-season cotton under relay intercropping were 26.7–30.6% and 20.4–42.9% higher than those under CAW, respectively. Compared with CAW, relay intercropping treatments increased the boll density, boll weight and lint percentage by 5.6–13.1%, 12.5–24.5% and 5.8–12.7%, respectively. The dry matter accumulation and harvest index under the relay intercropping treatments were also greater than those under CAW, which might be attributed to the greater partitioning of dry matter to the seed cotton than to the boll shells. Among the relay intercropping treatments (S1, S2 and S3), the lint yield did not differ, but S1 and S2 were considerably better than S3 based on earliness and fiber quality. The analysis of the within-plant spatial boll distribution showed that more bolls were formed on the lower to middle fruiting branches and at the first fruiting sites for S1 and S2 than for S3 and CAW. Therefore, the increased earliness and fiber quality induced through early relay intercropping (S1 and S2) could be attributed to an improved spatial boll distribution compared to late relay intercropping (S3) or CAW. Conclusively, compared to late relay intercropping and CAW, early relay intercropping considerably increased the lint yield, fiber quality, and earliness by improving the yield components, boll distribution, and dry matter accumulation and partitioning. The relay intercropping of short-season cotton 20 to 30 days before wheat harvest represents a promising alternative to CAW in wheat-cotton double-cropping systems in the Yellow River Basin of China and other regions with similar conditions.
46
Thiessen Martens, Joanne R., and Martin H. Entz. "Availability of late-season heat and water resources for relay and double cropping with winter wheat in prairie Canada." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, no. 2 (2001): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p00-105.
Full textAbstract:
Long-term weather data for 21 sites across Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta were analyzed to evaluate the availability of late-season heat and water resources between time of winter wheat maturity and freeze-up. Thermal time during this period ranged from 159 to 754 growing degree days; precipitation ranged from 42 to 152 mm. Southern Manitoba appears to be best suited to relay and double cropping. Southern Saskatchewan receives significant thermal energy; however, lack of precipitation may limit late season plant growth. Key words: Legumes, no-till, cropping system intensity
47
VED PRAKASH, NARENDRA KUMAR, RANJAN BHATTACHARIYYA, M. KUMAR, and A.K. SRIVASTVA. "Productivity, economics, energetics and soil properties of vegetables-based relay intercropping systems." Indian Journal of Agronomy 52, no. 4 (2001): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v52i4.4943.
Full textAbstract:
A field experiment was conducted during 2002-03 and 2003-04 at Almora to find out the most productive and remunerative relay intercropping of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. nom. cons.) or french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in maize (Zea mays L.), garden pea (Pisum sativum L.var. arvense poir.) in tomato or french bean, and french bean in garden pea. Results showed that relay intercropping of maize (green cobs) + tomato + garden pea + french bean, and maize (green cobs) + french bean + garden pea + french bean proved significantly superior in terms of maize grain-equivalent yield (71.3 and 51.5 t/ha), and net returns (Rs 2,39,558 and Rs 1,52,624/ha) than maize (green cobs) - garden pea (1 8.8 t/ha and Rs 48,02O/ha) and french bean - garden pea (30.7 t/ha, and Rs 94,0211ha) sequential cropping. Also, maize (green cobs) + tomato + garden pea + french bean recorded signifi- cantly highest production efficiency (195.4 kgldaylha) and economic efficiency (Rs 656/ha/day), system energy output (1 0,83,760 MJ/ha), system net energy return (1 0,40,856 MJIha) and system energy-use efficiency (2,852 MJIhdday). The lowest maize grain equivalent yield (18.8 t/ha), net returns (Rs 48,02O/ha), production efficiency (51.5 kgldaylha) and economic efficiency (Rs 132lhdday) were recorded under maize (green cobs) - garden pea sequential cropping. Physico-chemical properties of the soil improved significantly due to relay intercropping sys- tems over maize (green cobs) - garden pea sequence. Relay intercropping of maize (green cobs) + tomato + gar- den pea + french bean proved the best in terms of total production and monetary returns.
48
R.P. SHARMA, SUSHANT, S.K. DUTTA, and MAINAK GHOSH. "Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa)wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system for sustainable production in south Bihar alluvial plains." Indian Journal of Agronomy 59, no. 2 (2001): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v59i2.4554.
Full textAbstract:
A field experiment was conducted during 200910 to 201112 at Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar to diversify the ex- isting rice ( Oryza sativa L.)wheat [ Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol.] cropping system. Among the 12 rice-based cropping systems tested, scented ricepotato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) + radish ( Raphanus sativus L.)onion ( Allium cepa L.) + maize ( Zea mays L.) relay cropping gave the highest mean rice-equivalent yield (28.10 t/ha/year) and net returns ( 1,14,700/ha/year), followed by hybrid ricemaize + potatosorghum [ Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench] + cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] both grown for fodder (24.2 t/ha/year and 1,12,200/ha/year) and hybrid ricegarlic ( Allium sativum L.) + coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.)maize for grain purpose + cowpea in-situ incorporation (22.60 t/ha/year and 1,11,600/ha/day). However, the benefit: cost ratio was the highest (1.39) in long-duration ricewheatmungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] both sown by zero till, which was at par with scented ricewheat + fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)mungbean grown for grain + residue incorporation (1.37). Scented ricepotato + radishonion + maize relay cropping required higher energy inputs (69.35 MJ 103/ha), whereas energy-use efficiency was the maximum (5.0) in ricemaize (ZT)clusterbean [ Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] (fodder). Hybrid ricemaize + potatosorghum + cowpea showed the high- est energy output (287.01 MJ 103/ha) and water-use efficiency (36.6 kg rice-equivalent yield/ha-mm). This crop- ping system removed the maximum quantity of N (448.4 kg/ha), P (130 kg/ha) and K (457.2 kg/ha) which resulted in maximum negative balance of phosphorus (32.8 kg/ha) and potassium (320.2 kg/ha). Potassium was negative in all the cropping systems, indicating that K was the most removable nutrient by the crops, which results in mining of soil K and thus calls for adequate fertilization.
49
Cecchin, Andrea, Ghasideh Pourhashem, Russ W. Gesch, et al. "Environmental trade-offs of relay-cropping winter cover crops with soybean in a maize-soybean cropping system." Agricultural Systems 189 (April 2021): 103062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103062.
Full text
50
Hoque, AKM S., MN Islam, MH Hossain, and MAH Khan. "Productivity of potato - hybrid maize relay cropping system as influenced by fertilizer dose." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 17, no. 2 (2015): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v17i2.24646.
Full textAbstract:
The experiment was conducted at research field of Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Comilla during November 2012 to June 2013 with a view to find out economic fertilizer dose for potato- hybrid maize relay cropping system. The potato variety BARI Alu-7 and the maize variety BARI Hybrid Maize-7 were used. Seven fertilizer combinations viz. T1= Farmers fertilizer dose of potato (FFDP) + without additional fertilizer for maize (WAFM), T2= FFDP + 100% N of recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize (RFDM), T3= FFDP + 100% N & 25% others of RFDM, T4= FFDP + 100% N & 50% others of RFDM, T5= Recommended fertilizer dose of potato (RFDP) +100% N of RFDM, T6= RFDP +100% N & 25% others of RFDM and T7= RFDP +100% N & 50% others of RFDM were tested on potato-hybrid maize relay cropping system. Farmers fertilizer dose for potato was 504-162-309 kg ha-1 NPK. Recommended fertilizer dose for potato and hybrid maize was 198-44-194-24-6-1.2 kg ha-1 NPKSZnB and 255-55-140-40-6-2 kgha-1 NPKSZnB, respectively. The highest potato equivalent yield (37.80 t ha-1) and gross return (4,53,600 Tk. ha-1) were obtained from T3 treatment. But the maximum gross margin (Tk. 3,03,075 Tk. ha-1) was found from treatment T1 and the highest benefit cost ratio (3.14) was observed in T5 whichwas close to T1 (3.06) and T6 (3.0) .The results revealed that recommended fertilizer dose of potato and 100% N from recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize might be used for potato hybrid maize relay cropping system for getting higher economic return at Comilla region.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 9-13