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Books on the topic 'Relevance score'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 13 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Van Den Heuvel, Ellen G. H. M., Lisette Cornelia Petronella Gerardina Maria De Groot, Monique Maria Raats, Jan Steijns, Edith Feskens, and Inge Tetens, eds. Food-Based Dietary Guidelines: The Relevance of Nutrient Density and a Healthy Diet Score. Frontiers Media SA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88966-443-6.

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Sharma, Anil Kumar, and Vikas Beniwal. Industrial Enzymes: Trends, Scope and Relevance. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2014.

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3

Catanzaro, Michael P., and Rachel J. Kwon. Hinchey Classification of Acute Diverticulitis. Edited by Rachel J. Kwon. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199384075.003.0048.

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This chapter provides a summary of a landmark historical study in surgery: the Hinchey classification of acute diverticulitis. It describes the history of the disease, gives a summary of the study including study design and results, and relates the study to a modern-day principle of evidence-based medicine: validation of scoring systems. Hinchey’s classification of diverticulitis has become the most widespread system and while the Hinchey score may currently have less clinical relevance as it did in his time, its publication and eventual adoption marked a practice-changing paradigm shift in th

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Beniczky, Sándor, Harald Aurlien, Jan Brøgger, Ronit Pressler, and Lawrence J. Hirsch. Standardizing EEG Interpretation and Reporting. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0026.

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This chapter describes how to standardize electroencephalographic (EEG) interpretation and reporting in clinical practice. The Standardized Computer-Based Organized Reporting of EEG (SCORE) software program was developed by an international taskforce under the auspices of the International League Against Epilepsy and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Clinically relevant features are scored by choosing predefined terms in the software. This process automatically generates a report and at the same time builds up a database for education, quality assurance, and research. S

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Lee, Christoph I. Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Risk Classification. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190223700.003.0023.

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This chapter, found in the chest pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of computed tomography (CT) coronary artery calcium score for cardiovascular risk stratification. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. Researchers report that adding coronary artery calcium score to traditional risk factors produces significant improvements in classification of patients for future risk of coronary heart disease events, especial

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Norah, Gallagher, and Shan Wenhua. 2 Scope And Definition. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law:iic/9780199230259.003.002.

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A bilateral investment treaty (BIT) is relevant for a particular arbitration case only when the case falls within its scope of application. Normally the scope of application of a treaty includes four aspects: subject matter (ratione materiae), covered persons and entities (ratione personae), territorial application, and temporal application. The Chinese BITs are not an exception to this but they do, however, raise some special, perhaps unique, questions. This chapter deals with the four aspects on the scope of application, with special attention to those issues with “Chinese characteristics”.

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Lee, Christoph I. Quantitative CT Score in Predicting Outcome of Hyperacute Stroke. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190223700.003.0005.

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This chapter, found in the headache section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of quantitative computed tomography (CT) scores in predicting outcomes of hyperacute stroke. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study showed that the ASPECTS CT score may provide an objective, simple method for helping predict which acute stroke patients are unlikely to recover despite immediate thrombolytic therapy. In addition to outlinin

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Curtis A, Bradley. 10 War Powers and the War on Terrorism. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190217761.003.0010.

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This chapter considers the relevance of international law within the U.S. legal system to the United States’ initiation and conduct of war. After briefly reviewing some of the most relevant treaties relating to war and warfare, the chapter considers the Constitution’s distribution of war authority between Congress and the President. It then discusses how international law, including the provisions in the UN Charter relating to the authority of the Security Council, as well as collective self-defense treaties, might affect the President’s war authority. The chapter then shifts to the “war on te

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Larroyo, Francisco, and José Gaos. Two Ideas of Philosophy (1940). Translated by Aurelia Valero Pie and Robert Eli Sanchez. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190601294.003.0008.

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The question concerning the possibility of a Mexican or Spanish-American philosophy, an important issue for Gaos, sounds metaphilosophical, but in this debate, Larroyo dismisses the idea of metaphilosophy as an absurdity, which is either a contradiction in terms or leads to an infinite regress. For Larroyo, the task of defining philosophy is as old as philosophy itself and does not require the “new” discipline of metaphilosophy. This selection illustrates how questions about the definition and scope of philosophy were increasingly becoming a subject of public debate, thus contributing to the n

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Corbett, Jack, and Wouter Veenendaal. Democratization and Economic Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796718.003.0002.

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Chapter 2 interrogates modernization theory and the belief that economic growth is key to explaining why democratic regimes rise and fall. Many small states in Africa, the Caribbean, and most significantly the Pacific are poor but retain high Freedom House scores. Conversely, some small states, in Europe in particular, but also Brunei in Asia, tend to be both richer and poorly scored. This demonstrates that while economic performance is clearly relevant to the survival of regimes, the key link is not how wealthy a country is but how elites both utilize their economic resources and narrate the

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Licardo, Marta, Jasminka Mezak, and İlke Evin Gencel. Teaching for the Future in Early Childhood Education. University of Maribor, University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.pef.2.2023.

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The monograph focuses on the teaching and learning of children in early childhood education. The international monograph includes contributions by authors from three countries, highlighting different perspectives on contemporary teaching and learning specific to ECE. The monograph is based on the collaboration of researchers from different universities in the Erasmus+ Algolittle project, who have explored important contemporary concepts of teaching in ECE, such as how to develop algorithmic thinking in preschool children, how to teach algorithmic thinking to ECE students, and the relevance of

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Depa, Larisse, Larissa Depa, Crhisllane Vasconcelos, Vagner Fonseca, and Diego Frias. Estudo do uso de códons nos vírus da Dengue, Zika e Chikungunya com foco em terapia por inibição seletiva de tRNAs contra arboviroses. Edited by Diego Mariano. Alfahelix, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51780/978-6-5992753-3-3.

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O vírus da dengue (DENV), o vírus da Zika (ZIKV) e o vírus da chikungunya (CHIKV) são espécies que apresentam relevância clínica para a saúde pública. Porém, ainda não existe um tratamento específico ou vacina disponível para esses arbovírus. Nesse contexto, é fundamental encontrar novos alvos terapêuticos que possam auxiliar estratégias e tratamentos mais eficientes. A metodologia de codon usage tem demonstrado bons resultados para encontrar alvos para terapias que visam inibidores de tradução. Este estudo buscou analisar o uso de códons e o equilíbrio entre a abundância relativa dos RNAs tra

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Cananau, Iulian, and Peder Thalén, eds. Populism, Democracy, and the Humanities. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881813871.

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The contributors to this volume reflect on the phenomenon and concept of populism in relation to democracy and the humanities from the vantage points of various disciplinary backgrounds: philosophy, history of ideas, media and communication, journalism, political science, gender studies, organization science, education theory, popular culture, and literary studies. While the study of populism seems to have become a subfield within political science, this topic has been rarely explored by scholars in the humanities. Rather than contribute to the already established area of populism studies in s

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Gopal, Subramanium. Part VI Rights—Structure and Scope, Ch.34 Writs and Remedies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198704898.003.0034.

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This chapter examines the relevant provisions of the Indian Constitution regarding the power of courts to issue writs and grant remedies, with particular emphasis on Articles 32 and 226. It considers these two provisions and how they empower the Indian Supreme Court and High Courts to issue directions, orders, or writs to any person or authority, and to enforce the fundamental rights. It then considers a number of issues relating to Article 226, such as whether it is confined to governmental institutions and statutory public bodies, along with the question of cause of action and territoriality

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Wieland, Jan Willem, and Philip Robichaud, eds. Blame Transfer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779667.003.0016.

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Many philosophers accept derivative blameworthiness for ignorant conduct, i.e. the idea that the blameworthiness for one’s ignorance can “transfer” to blameworthiness for one’s subsequent ignorant conduct. This chapter asks the question what it actually means that blameworthiness would transfer, and explores four distinct views and their merits. On views (I) and (II), one’s overall degree of blameworthiness is determined by factors relevant to one’s ignorance and/or one’s subsequent conduct, and transfer only involves an increase in scope. On views (III) and (IV), one’s overall degree of blame

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Trevor C, Hartley. Part I General and Introductory, 4 Subject-Matter Scope: Civil and Commercial Matters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198729006.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the ‘subject-matter scope’ of Brussels 2012, Lugano 2007, and the Hague Convention. ‘Subject-matter scope’ refers to the scope covered by a measure as regards its subject matter, that is to say the branches and areas of the law to which it applies. For the three legal instruments under consideration, the relevant provisions are contained in Article 1 of Brussels 2012 and Lugano, and Articles 1 and 2 of Hague. A review of case law shows that the distinction between a civil matter and public matter is far from straightforward. There is a significant grey area in which the

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Kamal, Arif H., and Jason A. Webb. Effects of Morphine on Dyspnea (DRAFT). Edited by Nathan A. Gray and Thomas W. LeBlanc. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190658618.003.0016.

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This chapter reports on an open, uncontrolled study to assess the effects of subcutaneous morphine on dyspnea in patients with terminal cancer. Twenty patients with dyspnea from restrictive respiratory failure received a subcutaneous dose of morphine relative to their opioid tolerance: 5mg for opioid naïve (5 patients) and 2.5 times regular dose for opioid tolerant (15 patients). Dyspnea and pain scores were measured every 15 minutes for 150 minutes. Dyspnea scores, but not respiratory rate, respiratory effort, nor arterial saturation of oxygen were affected. Ninety-five percent of patients re

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Sarah, Worthington. Part II United Kingdom, 11 The Scope and Application of the Anti-Deprivation Rule. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198755371.003.0011.

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This chapter begins by explaining why anti-deprivation rules are important. These anti-deprivation rules are designed to prevent parties from contracting out of the insolvency legislation. In particular, an insolvent cannot agree to a depletion or distribution of its property other than in accordance with the statutory insolvency distribution scheme. The chapter describes the Lehman context as it relates to the anti-deprivation rule, the relevant UK rules (all non-statutory),the basis of the UK Supreme Court’s findings in the Lehman litigation, and the various questions which remain difficult—

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Franz, Carleen, Lee Ascherman, and Julia Shaftel. A Clinician's Guide to Learning Disabilities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780195383997.001.0001.

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A Clinician’s Guide to Learning Disabilities provides succinct descriptions of the various types of learning disabilities that affect educational achievement, illustrated with numerous case studies. Clear descriptions of educational assessment best practices and score reporting simplify the interpretation of psychoeducational reports. An entire chapter on historical context and legal framework describes obligatory supports for students with learning disabilities in all settings. Chapters on preschool assessment and the transition to post–high-school college and career expand the scope of the b

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Reich, Norbert. Francovich Enforcement Analysed and Illustrated by German (and English) Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198746560.003.0008.

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This chapter considers the relevance of the Francovich liability to enforcement. Francovich liability can be regarded as an element of enforcement of EU law, but this is limited in scope in an objective and subjective sense, which might confound critical observers of EU law. To overcome the somewhat haphazard approach of citing national—the German and to some extent English—cases pointing in one or other direction regarding the relevance of the liability, this chapter turns to two contrasting approaches. The first is the thorough study by Takis Tridimas analysing all subsequent ECJ case law re

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Beleaua-Gheție, Corina-Mihaela. Locating Values in Literature. Lexington Books, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666996043.

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Locating Values in Literature: Goodness, Beauty, and Truth discusses the relevance of literature in the current educational process, stating that regardless of the level of study, literature provides students with the necessary skills to address real-world situations. Corina-Mihaela Beleaua posits that a curriculum that includes literature has a multitude of benefits for the mental and ethical development of students, defending the relevance of the three ancient values of goodness, beauty, and truth. Beleaua argues that literature is a significant tool for endorsing these transcendentals and a

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Surya, Deva. Part VI Rights—Structure and Scope, Ch.35 Saving Clauses: the Ninth Schedule and Articles 31A–C. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198704898.003.0035.

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This chapter examines the drafting history, nature, scope, (mis)use, and relevance of the so-called ‘saving clauses’ of the Indian Constitution: Article 31A, Article 31B read with the Ninth Schedule, and Article 31C. They are designed to protect laws aimed at agrarian reforms or at implementing certain Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) from a potential constitutional challenge on the ground of violating fundamental rights (FRs), andexceptionally allow certain laws to override FRs. This chapter offers an alternative reading of the saving clauses and discusses the Ninth Schedule, argu

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McDermott, John J., ed. The Basic Writings of Josiah Royce, Volume I. Fordham University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823224838.001.0001.

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Now back in print, and in paperback, these two classic volumes illustrate the scope and quality of Josiah Royce's thought, providing the most comprehensive selection of his writings currently available. They offer a detailed presentation of the viable relationship Royce forged between the local experience of community and the demands of a philosophical and scientific vision of the human situation. The selections reprinted here are basic to any understanding of Royce's thought and its pressing relevance to contemporary cultural, moral, and religious issues.

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McDermott, John J., ed. The Basic Writings of Josiah Royce, Volume II. Fordham University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823224845.001.0001.

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Now back in print, and in paperback, these two classic volumes illustrate the scope and quality of Josiah Royce's thought, providing the most comprehensive selection of his writings currently available. They offer a detailed presentation of the viable relationship Royce forged between the local experience of community and the demands of a philosophical and scientific vision of the human situation. The selections reprinted here are basic to any understanding of Royce's thought and its pressing relevance to contemporary cultural, moral, and religious issues.

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Kiesewetter, Benjamin. Bootstrapping and Other Detachment Problems. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754282.003.0004.

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Chapter 4 discusses the problem that a normative understanding of structural requirements of rationality seems to allow for the detachment of unacceptable conclusions about what we ought or have reason to do. The chapter begins by illustrating the ‘bootstrapping problem’ that occurs when we take the relevant requirements to have narrow scope (4.1), and then discusses and rejects two strategies to solve this problem: the reasons strategy (4.2), and the subjective ‘ought’ strategy (4.3). A third, and more promising, strategy is presented, which blocks bootstrapping by taking structural requireme

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Neumeyer, David, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Film Music Studies. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195328493.001.0001.

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This volume explores the history and evolution of film music studies from the silent film to the sound film era. It examines the relevance of various theories, including ontological, feminist, queer, critical and apparatus theories, in film studies and analyzes the influence of theater or opera music on the development of film soundtrack. It also discusses the history of video game music and presents two case studies involving the analysis of the musical scores for Cecil B. DeMille’s The Ten Commandments and Terry Gilliam’s 12 Monkeys.

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Chakraborty, Pinaki, and K. R. Shanmugam, eds. Fiscal Policy and Public Financial Management. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198930464.001.0001.

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Abstract Over time, the scope of Public Finance, as a branch of economics, has expanded with the changing role of governments. From both positive and normative perspectives, this subject is no longer confined to the understanding of public revenue/taxation, public expenditure, and public debt. New areas of research on the subject that have gained critical relevance are issues related to climate finance and climate change, environmental federalism, and discussion on global public good having trans-jurisdictional implications. On public financial management, several new areas have emerged and be

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Prout, Jeremy, Tanya Jones, and Daniel Martin. Obstetric anaesthesia. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199609956.003.0024.

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This chapter covers the knowledge required for higher training in obstetric anaesthesia. Physiological changes of pregnancy, along with their relevance to anaesthetic management are highlighted. Common maternal comorbidity and the impact on antenatal course, delivery and anaesthesia are summarized. Modern labour analgesia techniques are compared. Anaesthetic management of common obstetric emergencies e.g. fetal distress, preeclampsia, massive haemorrhage, abnormal placentation, amniotic fluid embolus and uterine inversion are described. Finally, the recent Confidential Enquiry into Maternal De

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Hennie, Strydom. Part III Other Relevant International Regimes and Issues, 13 Transnational Organised Crime and the Illegal Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198733737.003.0013.

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The involvement of international crime syndicates in the illegal trade in wild fauna and flora has taken on alarming proportions and presents a major law enforcement challenge for the international community. The message is that the states of the world are confronted with an increasing, complex, and difficult situation in successfully combating wildlife crime in many regions of the world, more so since transnational criminal operations pose a serious threat to the security, political stability, and economy of many countries, especially in the developing world. This chapter highlights the scope

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Anheier, Helmut K., Matthias Haber, and Mark A. Kayser, eds. Governance Indicators. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817062.001.0001.

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As difficult as it might seem to define governance, it appears to be that much more difficult to measure it. Since the World Bank Institute launched the Worldwide Governance Indicators in the late 1990s, the governance indicators field has flourished and experienced significant advances in terms of methodology, data coverage and quality, and policy relevance. Other major initiatives have added to a momentum that propelled research on governance indicators seen in few other academic fields in the economic and social sciences. Given these developments and the prominence and policy relevance the

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Kolodny, Niko. Instrumental Reasons. Edited by Daniel Star. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199657889.013.32.

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Often our reason for doing something is an “instrumental reason”: that doing that is a means to doing something else that we have reason to do. What principles govern this “instrumental transmission” of reasons from ends to means? Negatively, I argue against principles often invoked in the literature, which focus on necessary or sufficient means. Positively, I propose a principle, “General Transmission,” which answers to two intuitive desiderata: that reason transmits to means that are “probabilizing” and “nonsuperfluous” with respect to the relevant end. I then apply General Transmission to t

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Moehler, Michael. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785927.003.0001.

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In this chapter the author discusses the core concepts that underlie the two-level contractarian theory developed in this book, in particular the concepts of deep moral pluralism, traditional morality, and pure instrumental morality. Further, the chapter provides a brief synopsis of the main argument presented in this book and clarifies its theoretical and practical relevance. Finally, the chapter addresses some of the methodological considerations, such as the debate concerning ideal and nonideal theory, the application of rational choice theory to moral philosophy, and the scope of social mo

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Danae, Azaria. 1 Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198717423.003.0001.

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Chapter 1 illustrates the importance of means of transportation in the development of international law, and the modern relevance of transit of energy via pipelines in this respect. The chapter sets the framework and method used in the study. Key concepts (transit, energy, and pipelines) and the scope of application of the treaties (ratione loci and ratione materiae) examined in the study are explained. It explains the rules of treaty interpretation that are used in the study for determining the scope and content of obligations regarding transit of energy, for identifying the nature of these o

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Marlow, Hilary, and Mark Harris, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Bible and Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190606732.001.0001.

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Environmental issues are an ever-increasing focus of public discourse and have provoked concern among religious groups as well as in society more widely. Among biblical scholars criticism of the Judaeo-Christian tradition for its part in the worsening crisis has led to a small but growing field of study on ecology and the Bible. This volume in the Oxford Handbook series makes a significant contribution to this burgeoning interest in ecological hermeneutics, incorporating the best of international scholarship on ecology and the Bible. The Handbook comprises 30 individual essays, from establishe

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Marlow, Hilary, and Mark Harris, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Bible and Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190606732.001.0001.

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Environmental issues are an ever-increasing focus of public discourse and have provoked concern among religious groups as well as in society more widely. Among biblical scholars criticism of the Judaeo-Christian tradition for its part in the worsening crisis has led to a small but growing field of study on ecology and the Bible. This volume in the Oxford Handbook series makes a significant contribution to this burgeoning interest in ecological hermeneutics, incorporating the best of international scholarship on ecology and the Bible. The Handbook comprises 30 individual essays, from establishe

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Giegerich, Bastian. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790501.003.0022.

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NATO, founded as a collective defence alliance, has spent most of the post-cold-war period transforming itself into a security management organization. Its ability to adapt has been the basis of NATO’s continued relevance. At the same time, NATO’s adjustments in functional and geographic scope have triggered debate about its strategic direction and the political and military requirements necessary to fulfil current and future roles. This chapter will assess NATO’s evolution by concentrating on the bargaining processes among member states that shaped the direction of NATO’s strategic guidelines

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Baliousis, Michael, Najat Khalifa, and Birgit Völlm. The Neurobiology of Antisocial Personality Disorders Focusing on Psychopathy. Edited by Christian Schmahl, K. Luan Phan, Robert O. Friedel, and Larry J. Siever. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199362318.003.0014.

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This chapter reviews the evidence base for a range of biological factors in antisocial personality disorder (APD) and psychopathy in adults (there is a substantial evidence base for children and adolescents with antisocial behavior as well, though the inclusion of these studies is outside our scope), including genetic factors, neurophysiological and neuropsychological findings, structural and functional brain changes, and transmitter and hormone aberrations. In order to summarize the evidence, this chapter systematically reviews others’ reviews and meta-analyses in the field but also refers to

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Cauli, Alberto. Domains and instruments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.003.0023.

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In order to define and validate standardized outcome measurement tools both for therapeutic trials and for real life clinics, the need to precisely identify the relevant domains of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis has led to the ‘rassemblement’ of experts and patients in the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA). The output of intensive work, performed according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) scientific method, has been the definition of the key domains and instruments relevant in PsA evaluation. This chapter summarizes the present

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Maksimowski, Michael, and Zheala Qayyum. Initial Severity and Antidepressant Benefits. Edited by Ish P. Bhalla, Rajesh R. Tampi, Vinod H. Srihari, and Michael E. Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190625085.003.0026.

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This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on major depressive disorder. What are the drug–placebo differences among antidepressants when both published and unpublished data are analyzed? Does antidepressant efficacy depend on the severity of initial depression scores? Starting with these questions, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The main finding from this meta-analysis is that antidepressant-placebo differences a

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McMillan, John, and Jeanne Snelling. Equality. Edited by Roger Brownsword, Eloise Scotford, and Karen Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.013.3.

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This chapter discusses the role that equality plays within liberal theory. We show how the concept of treating citizens as equals is integral to the legitimization of the state and its regulations, including those involving new technologies. We suggest that equality is a fundamental value when exploring the scope of relevant freedoms with respect to new technologies. However, understanding the role of equality for such issues requires sensitivity to important differences in the way in which it can be theorized. We explain how equality can be valued intrinsically, instrumentally, or constitutiv

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James, Harrison. 5 Dumping of Waste at Sea. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198707325.003.0005.

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Chapter 5 considers how dumping of waste at sea is regulated at the international level and how the relevant norms have evolved over time in order to provide stronger protection for the marine environment. The chapter starts by considering the scope of the term dumping before looking at the relevant provisions in United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and other relevant treaty regimes. In particular, it focuses on the development of the 1972 London Convention on Dumping and its 1996 Protocol and how these instruments have promoted a progressively more precautionary approach t

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Tischler, Nancy M., ed. All Things in the Bible. Greenwood, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400609374.

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The Bible is the central text of Western civilization, and an understanding of it is vital to the study of world history and culture. In addition, more and more high school and college students are studying the Bible as literature. Monumental in scope and written especially for high school students and general readers, this encyclopedia surveys the material culture, customs, and beliefs of the biblical world. Included are more than 200 alphabetically arranged entries on the tools, animals, foods, habits, laws, professions, and peoples of the Bible. Each entry provides definitions; scriptural r

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Test Methods to Evaluate Thermal Properties and Performance of Insulative Coatings. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/nace_tm21431-2023.

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Scope The purpose of this standard test method is to specify test methods and test conditions used to evaluate thermal properties, insulation values, and performance, before and after thermal aging, for insulative coatings. This test method is intended for use by facility owners, engineers, health and safety specialists, coatings manufacturers, and other interested parties. Rationale Numerous test methods have been used to characterize the performance of insulative coatings in the past. Some of these test methods are from test methods used for traditional bulk insulation products and from othe

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Baquero Cruz, Julio. Fundamental Rights and the Integrity of Union Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830610.003.0006.

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This chapter analyses another area of Union law that is highly controversial and relevant in structural terms—the protection of fundamental rights. It discusses the scope and standard of the protection offered at Union level, the consequences for national law, and the implications of the future accession of the Union to the European Convention on Human Rights. These issues are of fundamental importance for the integrity of Union law and of wider significance for the political understanding of the Union.

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Kaplan, David M. Neural Computation, Multiple Realizability, and the Prospects for Mechanistic Explanation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199685509.003.0008.

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There is an ongoing philosophical and scientific debate concerning the nature of computational explanation in the neurosciences. Recently, some have cited modeling work involving so-called canonical neural computations—standard computational modules that apply the same fundamental operations across multiple brain areas—as evidence that computational neuroscientists sometimes employ a distinctive explanatory scheme from that of mechanistic explanation. Because these neural computations can rely on diverse circuits and mechanisms, modeling the underlying mechanisms is supposed to be of limited e

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Muller, Johan, Nico Cloete, and François van Schalkwyk. Castells in Africa: Universities and Development. African Minds, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781920677923.

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Castells in Africa: Universities and Development collects the papers produced by Manuel Castells on his visits to South Africa, and publishes them in a single volume for the first time. The book also publishes a series of empirically-based papers which together display the multi-faceted and far-sighted scope of his theoretical framework, and its fecundity for fine-grained, detailed empirical investigations on universities and development in Africa. Castells, in his afterword to this book, always looking forward, assesses the role of the university in the wake of the upheavals to the global eco

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Martin, Emily J., and Eric J. Roeland. Benefits of Early Palliative Care to Informal Family Caregivers (DRAFT). Edited by Nathan A. Gray and Thomas W. LeBlanc. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190658618.003.0004.

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This chapter summarizes the Dionne-Odom et al. randomized controlled trial evaluating the benefits of an early, nurse-led palliative care intervention to caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. The study examined the impact of early (at diagnosis) versus delayed (12 weeks later) intervention on caregiver quality of life, depressed mood, and burden. The study showed that early intervention caregivers had lower depression scores at three months compared to the delayed group caregivers. Terminal decline analyses also showed lower depression and stress burden scores in the caregivers who rece

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Braeutigam, Sven, and Peter Kenning. An Integrative Guide to Consumer Neuroscience. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789932.001.0001.

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This book provides an integrative guide to the modern, highly interdisciplinary, and complex field of consumer neuroscience. The aim is to provide a robust overview of the many theoretical and experimental domains involved, thereby balancing depth and breadth of presentation. The material is loosely structured in three, not explicitly delineated parts. The first three chapters discuss the scope of consumer neuroscience, relevant psychological phenomena, and the human brain. The following three chapters cover the relevant mathematics, scanner technologies, and data analyses. The next five chapt

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Francesco, Salerno. Part III Observance and Application of Treaties, 14 Treaties Establishing Objective Regimes. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199588916.003.0014.

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The issue of treaties establishing objective regimes has been neglected by the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Building on the principle of relativity of treaties, the Convention only deals with the effects of specific treaty rules on third states. This chapter argues that third states never acquire the same status of states parties, even when they consent to the specific treaty rules that affect them. Analysing the significance of treaties establishing objective regimes under general international law, it clarifies that such treaties may affect third states even when they do not emb

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Humphreys, Paul. Computational Economics. Edited by Don Ross and Harold Kincaid. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195189254.003.0013.

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Computational economics is a relatively new research technique in economics, but it is inexorably taking its place alongside the more traditional methods of general theory, abstract modeling, data analysis, and the more recent experimental economics. Perhaps because of its relative newness, the term computational economics currently has no determinate meaning. In contemporary use, it refers to a heterogeneous cluster of techniques implemented on concrete digital computers ranging from the numerical solution of the Black-Scholes partial differential equation for pricing options through automate

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