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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Relief Society'
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1
Taylor, Carrie L. "The Relief Society and President Spencer W. Kimball's Administration." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3795.
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This thesis explores the relationship between ideology generated by advocates of the Women's Liberation Movement and President Kimball's purposes of using Relief Society to strengthen Latter-day Saint (LDS) women. Navigating women through the societal attack on womanhood, President Kimball, and other general Church leaders during his administration (1973-1985), taught LDS women of their privilege and duty to the organization and the importance of generating strength through a sisterhood focused on service. Relief Society programs, procedures, and curriculum were evaluated, adjusted, and reinforced to deepen women's commitment to divinely established roles, to enhance women's doctrinal confidence, and expand the influence of women's leadership. The purpose of this thesis is to show how Relief Society strengthened LDS women's commitment to family and influenced increased cooperative efforts in defending families through Relief Society and priesthood organizations.
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Hall, David Roy. "Amy Brown Lyman and Social Service Work in the Relief Society." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1992. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,13952.
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Aswalap, Supaluk Joy O'Connor Brian C. "Tsunami disaster response a case analysis of the information society in Thailand /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12075.
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Barney, Sarah Walker. "Nursing and Health Care Among Mormon Women: An Analysis of the Relief Society Magazine, 1914-1930." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1993. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,15540.
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Ozbek, Pinar. "Missionaries And Near East Relief Society In The U.s. Foreign Policy Towards The Armenian Question, 1915-1923." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611410/index.pdf.
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This study will attempt to analyze the American Foreign Policy towards Turkey around three basic issues, namely the missionary activities, the Armenian question and the Near East Relief Society (NERS). Therefore, the focus of the study is the interaction of the politics and the religion in the United States case and the influence of this interaction on the American policy towards the Near East before and after the First World War.
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Udagawa, Mitsuhiro. "Debt relief in international society : international responses to the debt problem of the heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC)." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435633.
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Paker, Hande. "Social aftershocks : rent seeking, state failure, and state-civil society relations in Turkey." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85026.
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This research emerged from the belief that merely economic explanations of rent seeking were too narrow and an interdisciplinary approach was needed to understand historical structural factors that contribute to particularistic exchanges. Rent-seeking and particularistic ties are almost always explained from a strictly neoclassical perspective which tend to be reductionist approaches that fail to explain why some states will be rent-seeking while others will not. Moreover, other frameworks that analyze state-civil society interaction do so without taking into account particularistic state-civil society interaction. Thus, there is a need to explain such particularistic ties in a comparative institutional framework. My dissertation research was undertaken on two associations in Turkey, namely the Turkish Red Crescent (Kizilay) and AKUT (a search and rescue team), in order to understand the dynamics of the relationship between a particularistic state and civil society associations. The TRC was chosen because it was involved in particularistic exchanges and functioned as an institution of the state, which meant that it partook in the state failure the state in Turkey faced in the aftermath of a devastating earthquake in 1999. The Marmara earthquake was devastating not only physically in terms of the damage it caused, but also socially in terms of the extent of the failure of state institutions it exposed and the extent of criticisms it unleashed. The immediate chaos that ensued in the aftermath of the earthquake was marked by the "absence of the state". The failure of the state provoked an unprecedented civil reaction and mobilization. AKUT, the second case of the research, also became the focus of public attention, albeit for completely the opposite reason. It was revered for the successful rescue work it carried out in the earthquake while the TRC was severely criticized for its failure to deliver services.My dissertation research has shown that in cases of state failure, the state can only establish particularistic ties creating a multilevel chain system of particularized exchanges and fails to deliver public goods and services universally. Thus, the state co-opts a civil society organization into this chain system, demonstrated both by the TRC and AKUT. Furthermore, in cases of state failure, a civil society organization that has developed independently of the state becomes over-missionized with filling the gap created by state failure (AKUT), with public expectations and demands from AKUT far exceeding their self-defined goals and capabilities. Thus, ineffectiveness of the state does not translate into well-working civil society organizations. The absence of a capable state affects the nature of civil society organizations adversely. This finding is a direct contribution to the more general debate on the effectiveness of state institutions and the voluntary sector. More importantly, my research effectively shows that much of the dichotomous discussion of the state on the one hand, and civil society on the other, needs to be discarded. Such dichotomous thinking does not capture the complex interactions between the state and civil society organizations, as I have shown in the case of Turkey.
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Lewis, Velda Gale Davis. "From Womanhood to Sisterhood: The Evolution of the Brigham Young University Women's Conference." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1242.pdf.
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Johansson, Cornelia. "Navigating between pressures andaccountabilities : Local civil society organization's approaches and challenges to link-ing relief, rehabilitation, and development in Malawi." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-140194.
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Malawi is one of the poorest countries in the world and suffers from recurring disasters but no ongoing conflicts. Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) working there must therefore take relief, rehabilitation, and development into account as shifting between these stages is the reality of the rights-holders. What approaches that should be used while doing this is unique in each context. The aid structure is however clearly divided between those working with relief and those working with development, and even though the conceptual development suggest that the aid structure should join there has been no change towards this. At the same time Result Based Management (RBM) as a principle for aid effectiveness has been heavily criticized for focusing on short term results, among others. This qualitative study has contributed to closing two research gaps; in identifying that Disaster Risk Reduction, Human Rights Based Approach, economic empowerment, and sustainable relief interventions are the approaches that CSOs in Malawi tend to focus on when working close to a community where there is a need to link relief, rehabilitation, and development (LRRD); and in identifying that not only can the pressure from a divided aid structure be blamed for the challenges facing CSOs implementing LRRD approaches, but RBM is also a contributing part. This results in CSOs being torn between accountability issues towards donors and staying legitimate towards rights-holders and that because of these challenges they cannot live up to their potential and provide the most effective aid.Malawi är ett av de fattigaste länderna i världen och lider av återkommande katastrofer men inga pågående konflikter. Perioder av humanitära katastrofer, återuppbyggnad, och utveckling, skiftar och växlar fram och tillbaka i olika stadier och eftersom det är rättighetsbärarnas verklighet så är det också något civilsamhällsorganisationer som arbetar med olika typer av utvecklingssamarbete måste ta hänsyn till att. Vilka metoder som bör användas när organisationer arbetar i detta klimat är unikt för varje kontext. Biståndet är emellertid tydligt uppdelad mellan de som arbetar med humanitärt arbete och de som arbetar med utveckling, och trots att den konceptuella utvecklingen föreslår att biståndet bör kopplas samman så har det inte skett någon strukturell förändring. Samtidigt har resultatbaserat arbete som är en princip för biståndseffektivitet starkt kritiserats, bland annat för att det fokuseras för mycket på kortsiktiga resultat. Denna intervjubaserade studie har bidragit till att minska två forskningsgap; genom att identifiera att katastrofförebyggande arbete, rättighetsbaserat arbete, ekonomisk empowerment, och hållbara humanitära insatser som de tillvägagångssätt som civilsamhällesorganisationer i Malawi tenderar att fokusera på när de arbetar nära ett samhälle där det finns ett behov av att koppla samman humanitärt arbete med rehabilitering och utveckling (LRRD); och genom att identifiera att det inte bara är trycket från en uppdelad biståndsstruktur som förklarar de utmaningar som organisationer står inför när d arbetar med LRRD utan att resultatbaserat arbete också är en bidragande del. Lokala civilsamhällesorganisationer balanserar mellan ansvaret de har mot gentemot givare och legitimiteten de måste ha gentemot rättighetsinnehavare. I slutändan kan de på grund av dessa utmaningar inte leva upp till sin potential och tillhandahålla det mest effektiva stödet.
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Schultz, Riley. "Civil Society Under Israeli Occupation : A Case Study of Palestinian NGO's in the Gaza Strip." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43838.
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This study is an attempt to understand how PNGO’s are impacted as a result of the Israel- Palestine conflict today, while touching upon issues such as the Gaza blockade, relief aid, political participation, Hamas and the PA, and the occupation. I have had the opportunity of coming into contact with four different PNGO workers based in the Gaza Strip, and conducted qualitative structured interviews with each of them. They possess key insights as they exist at the center of the research problem. Through the theoretical lens of Paul Lederach (1997) and the utilization of the Directed Content Analysis (DCA) method, the structured interviews were analyzed in order to explore both the factors that Gazan PNGO workers identified as having an effect on their organization, as well as how it affects their organizational capacity and peace work.
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Aswalap, Supaluk Joy. "Tsunami disaster response: A case analysis of the information society in Thailand." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12075/.
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The December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami wrecked thousands of lives, homes, and livelihoods - losses that could have been avoided with timely and better information. A resource such as information is needed at a fundamental level much like water, food, medicine, or shelter. This dissertation examines the development of the Thai information society, in terms of the share of information workforce and the level of diffusion of information and communication technologies (ICT), as well as, the role of the Thai information society in response to the tsunami disaster. The study combined the historical and political economy analyses in explaining factors influencing the growth of information workforce and the development of ICT in Thailand. Interviews conducted in 2007-08 revealed the Thai information society responded to the 2004 Tsunami - the first global internet-mediated natural disaster - in two areas: on-site assistance in collecting and recording identification information of tsunami disaster victims and on-line dissemination of disaster relief information. The effectiveness of ICT institutions in providing the tsunami disaster relief efforts and increasing the development of the information society were assessed using statistical procedures analyzing the perceptions of the Internet-based survey respondents. The disaster effects on survey respondents were also assessed. The study's findings include: (1) the Thai information sector development pattern confirmed a key difference between development patterns of information sectors in developed and developing countries, (2) the increasing number of Thai information workers was due more to the expansion of government than the expansion in the manufacturing and service sectors during the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis, (3) Thailand's expansion of ICT infrastructure was influenced not only on the basis of economic profitability but also by political desirability, and (4) volunteers were crucial in humanitarian aid and disaster relief.
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Sarkar, Abhijit. "Beyond famines : wartime state, society, and politicization of food in colonial India, 1939-1945." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d9ed9566-5baa-42b0-83a7-3d1f6909cf59.
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This thesis explores the origin of one of the most engrossing concerns of the post-colonial Indian state, that is, its extensive, intricate, and expensive feeding arrangements for the civilians. It tracks the colonial origin of the post-colonial welfare state, of which state-management of food is one of the most publicized manifestations. This thesis examines the intervention of the late colonial British state in food procurement and distribution in India during the Second World War, and various forms of such intervention, such as the introduction of food rationing and food austerity laws. It argues that the war necessitated actions on the part of the colonial state to secure food supplies to a vastly expanded British Indian Army, to the foreign Allied troops stationed in India, and to the workers employed in war-industries. The thesis brings forth the constitutional and political predicaments that deprived the colonial central government's food administration of success. It further reveals how the bitter bargaining about food imports into India between the Government of India and the War Cabinet in Britain hampered the state efforts to tackle the food crisis. By discussing the religious and cultural codes vis-à-vis food consumption that influenced government food policies, this thesis has situated food in the historiography of consumption in colonial India. In addition to adopting a political approach to study food, it has also applied sociological treatment, particularly while dealing with how the wartime scarcity, and consequent austerity laws, forced people to accept novel consumption cultures. It also contributes to the historiography of 'everyday state'. Through its wartime intervention in everyday food affairs, the colonial state that had been distant and abstract in the perception of most common households, suddenly became a reality to be dealt with in everyday life within the domestic site. Thus, the macro state penetrated micro levels of existence. The colonial state now even developed elaborate food surveillance to gather intelligence about violation of food laws. This thesis unravels the responses of some of the political and religious organizations to state intervention in quotidian food consumption. Following in this vein, through a study of the political use of famine-relief in wartime Bengal, it introduces a new site to the study of communal politics in India, namely, propagation of Hindu communal politics through distribution of food by the Hindu Mahasabha party. Further, it demonstrates how the Muslim League government's failure to prevent the Great Bengal Famine of 1943-44 was politically used by the Mahasabha to oppose the League's emerging demand for the creation of Pakistan.
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Fields, Lauren Ann. "Out of the Best Books: Mormon Assimilation and Exceptionalism Through Secular Reading." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5973.
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This thesis seeks to explore the relationship between Mormon assimilation, exceptionalism, and their endeavors in secular reading by analyzing Out of the Best Books (OOBB), a 1964–71 five-volume reading guide and reading program on secular reading established by the Mormon Church for its women’s organization, the Relief Society. Examining the approaches to secular literature in the OOBB program suggests that Mormons can respond to their competing desires to separate and assimilate by making efforts that fulfill both aspirations simultaneously rather than moving exclusively in one direction. Yet OOBB’s efforts to achieve both objectives did not amount to an entirely seamless navigation of this paradox. The program’s attempts to incorporate texts that might challenge Mormon notions of morality as well as their efforts to introduce world literature and fully address their female audience raised additional tensions particularly relevant to contemporary Mormonism, suggesting the complexity of Mormons navigating this identity paradox both within the context of the OOBB program and today. Furthermore, this examination of OOBB offers a venture at fleshing out the history of Mormon reading, confirming Mormons’ relationship to literature as central to their conception and expression of identity and situating Mormon reading endeavors in the broader context of American reading practices.
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Högman, Ann-Kristin. "Ageing in a changing society : Elderly men and women in urban Sweden 1830-1930." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Historiska studier, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-54194.
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This study deals with the impact of industrialisation and urbanisation on the living conditions of aged men and women. By studying labour force participation, savings and pensions, the role of the family, and the extent of dependency of aged men and women from a gender and class perspective, continuities and changes between pre-industrial and industrial times are examined. The main focus is placed on the situation of elderly persons living in the town of Sundsvall between 1830 and 1930. This town became the commercial centre of one of the largest saw-mill districts in the world at the end of the nineteenth century. The residence patterns of old men and women in Sundsvall are also compared with those in two other Swedish industrialised urban areas; the capital Stockholm and the textile centre Norrköping. According to modernisation theorists, industrialisation and urbanisation led to an increase in dependency in old age, due to weakening family ties and unemployment. This study shows the complexity of the issue. It is true that some sources reveal a declining proportion of men participating in the labour force at the very end of the period of observation, but this was primarily due to the introduction of the national pension system in 1914. On the other hand, other records show a stability or even an increasing proportion of elderly men and women in the labour market. By contrast with previous studies of the residence patterns of aged persons, this dissertation shows a very high percentage of elderly women living alone in all three urban areas selected for study. However, this was not solely a sign of isolation, since the vast majority of those elderly living in households of their own had children residing in the vicinity. Furthermore, many old men and women shared households with their children, although this pattern was less common among the working class. The role of off-spring appears to have been important both in pre-industrial and industrial times. The residence patterns of the urban elderly were probably influenced by traditional rural living arrangements, to the extent that old couples and their married children often lived close to each other but usually maintained households of their own. Old parents and their adult children might have preferred to live in separate households instead of crowding in with each other. The unmarried elderly were probably most affected by the transformations taking place at the end of the nineteenth century. A considerable number of them migrated late in life, leaving all their relatives behind. Therefore, they became highly vulnerable. Unmarried men tended to be more exposed to the dangers of urban life. They probably experienced tougher working conditions, had weaker social networks, and could not manage on their own to the same extent as women. Therefore, a larger propor-tion of men than women ended up in the workhouse.digitalisering@umu
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Dunn, Maurianne. "Time Out for Women Magazine: A New Magazine Prospectus Informed by a Historical Review and Qualitative Study on the Media Uses of Mormon Women." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2962.
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This project uses a qualitative research approach to understanding Mormon women's uses and gratifications of magazines. The first study provides a retrospective look at the uses and gratifications of readers of the Relief Society Magazine (1915–1970) in order to understand where media targeted to Mormon women has been. Through interviews, focus groups and questionnaires, the study finds the main reasons Mormon women read the Relief Society Magazine was to provide (a) a handbook for daily life, (b) a community, (c) intellectual stimulation, (d) an aspirational ideal, and (e) an escape from daily life. When the magazine ceased publication, readers felt a sense of loss and recognized a need to move on. The second study researches Mormon women's current uses and gratifications of media, with a focus on magazine use. Through focus groups and questionnaires, the main uses and gratifications of current media among Mormon women include (a) interaction, (b) cognition, (c) and diversion. Mormon women's media use is also influenced by warnings from others about the dangers of particular media or too much media use. This project then presents the concept and design for a new magazine targeted to Mormon women and seeks to fulfill the needs and gratifications found in the research discussed here.
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Engberg, Elisabeth. "I fattiga omständigheter : Fattigvårdens former och understödstagare i Skellefteå socken under 1800-talet." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Historical Studies, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-503.
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The aim of this thesis is to shed light upon the Swedish nineteenth century poor relief system, how it operated in a local rural context, how it changed over time, and not least, who was supported and why. It raises questions about how the poor laws were interpreted on the parish level, how the welfare systems interacted with local society and about who was considered to be poor and entitled to support. The geographical setting of the thesis is Skellefteå, a rural parish in northern Sweden, and it concentrates upon the period 1830–1875.
Swedish poor relief was governed by the fundamental principle that each parish had a duty to support their own poor and each parish was allowed a large amount of freedom to adjust their welfare arrangements according to local conditions. In Skellefteå, the main incentive for modification of the poor relief system was not new regulations from the national level, but social and economic transformations on the local level. This implies that local requirements were put before national legislation and suggests the existence of several regional, and perhaps also local, poor relief systems in nineteenth-century Sweden.
On the local level, the results indicate the existence of a parochial social citizenship based upon a common understanding of social rights and duties in the community, and grounded in a strong sense of affiliation with the local society. Generally there was a larger distance between the poor and their providers in the wealthier and more socially stratified villages, hence a more egalitarian context seem to have facilitated identification and empathy with the poor. The local provision for the poor created and maintained bonds within a community, as well as it helped to build and reinforce boundaries towards those who did not belong. A sometimes suspicious and negative attitude towards outsiders was to some extent caused by a fear of increased poor relief expenses, but it also bears witness to a rural culture with a strong sense of belonging to one’s own village or hamlet.
The majority of men and women supported by poor relief in Skellefteå belonged to the lower strata of society long before they became welfare recipients. They were landless rural people with weak kinship networks, that in most cases were unable to mobilize any significant support in times of need. Childhood, early middle age, and old age were identified as phases in the life cycle that seem to have entailed an increased risk of poverty and dependence. A substantial proportion of the poor were breadwinners, middle aged men with large households to support, while the widowed and unmarried paupers usually were women. For many of these households the life cycles’ vulnerable periods were further reinforced by other factors: a breadwinner’s illness or disability, the death of a spouse, a major subsistence crisis, or a larger marginalization caused by a deviation from society’s moral standards. In most cases there seems to have been a delicate interplay between several social risks that determined if and when a person or a household was to end up being supported by poor relief.
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Veysseyre, Audrey. "Dépôts de métaux lourds sur le manteau neigeux alpin français : cartographie de flux et identification des sources ; impact de la météorologie et du relief." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00761372.
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Dans l'optique de fournir un cadre scientifique aux politiques de réduction des émissions de polluants atmosphériques (Convention de Genève sur la pollution transfrontière et à longue distance) ce travail se propose d'établir une cartographie de dépôts de métaux lourds dans le massif alpin français. Pour ce faire, l'intégralité des précipitations neigeuses de deux hivers consécutifs (97-98 et 98-99) a été prélevée dans 15 sites de moyenne altitude (-2000m) du massif alpin, isolés de toute source de pollution locale. Nous avons ensuite transcris les concentrations de métaux dans la neige en flux de métal déposé pour la période concernée. Au delà de ce travail de cartographie, cette étude s'attache également à identifier les sources de métaux déposés dans le manteau neigeux, en essayant notamment de discriminer les sources régionales des sources issues d'un transport à longue distance. Pour ce faire, la démarche de l'analyse isotopique du plomb a été utilisée, en parallèle avec une analyse des trajectographies de masses d'air conduisant aux précipitations neigeuses sur les sites de prélèvement. Deux études de cas particuliers ont été développées. La première s'est attachée à caractériser le transfert air-neige, en collectant parallèlement des échantillons de neige et des filtres atmosphériques. La deuxième a permis de suivre la distribution spatiale des métaux en fonction de l'altitude et d'identifier ainsi l'influence des émissions de la vallée sur le dépôt. Les principaux résultats de ce travail montrent que le dépôt de métaux lourds dans le massif alpin est principalement gouverné par l'important relief de ce dernier, qui constitue le premier véritable obstacle aux perturbations d'origine atlantique, majoritaires en Europe en période hivernale. Les polluants s'avèrent avoir une origine plutôt régionale (Région RhôneAlpes et Italie) qu'issue d'un transport longue distance, ce qui est mis en évidence grâce à la composition isotopique du plomb. La détermination de cette signature fait également ressortir la contribution négligeable des émissions automobiles au plomb atmosphérique total, reflétant l'utilisation croissante de l'essence "sans plomb".
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Webber, Megan. "London charity beneficiaries, c. 1800-1834 : questions of agency." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/17339.
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In recent decades historians have 'discovered' agency in a wide range of geographical and temporal contexts, amongst many different types of actor. This dissertation employs the concept of agency to dissect the dynamics of power in early nineteenth-century London charities. Concurrently, it uses charity to test the potential applications of agency as a historical concept and as a tool for historical analysis. Through case studies of five different types of charity in early nineteenth-century London, this dissertation explores the varied ways in which plebeians exercised their agency. The case studies engage with current definitions of agency 'intentional action, resistance, the defence of rights and customs, exerting control over one's own life, autonomy, strategy, choice, and voice' and test the boundaries of the concept, proposing different ways in which scholars might characterise agency. This dissertation not only examines how the poor exerted their agency, but also how philanthropists conceptualised the agency of the poor. Although agency had a different set of meanings in the early nineteenth century than it does today, Georgian commentators nevertheless discussed the same phenomena that historians today label as agency. This dissertation considers how philanthropists attempted to mould the agency of their beneficiaries and how the agency of the poor shaped charitable organisations. For all its prevalence, agency is an under-theorised and problematic concept. There is no consensus about what agency is or how to locate it. As a result, agency is a slippery concept that seems to elude meaning. Historians are often so personally invested in the project of recovering the agency of subalterns that they underestimate the structural constraints acting on agency or they project modern conceptions of agency on to the subjects of their study. This dissertation subjects agency to critical examination that is long overdue. It argues that agency, as an 'essentially contested' concept, is a powerful tool for dissecting subtle and diverse dynamics of power. This dissertation proposes and demonstrates ways in which scholars can employ the concept usefully, mitigating its problematic aspects.
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Lundgren, Frans. "Den isolerade medborgaren : Liberalt styre och uppkomsten av det sociala vid 1800-talets mitt." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3455.
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The aim of the dissertation is to study the problem definitions and the governmental rationality of new activities aimed at reforming criminals, the poor and workers in Sweden during the mid-1800s. Three case studies analyse the solitary confinement penitentiary, the district visiting poor relief and the bildung-society for workers. A fourth case study analyses the introduction of crime statistics and prison photography. I argue that these different activities were part of the historical process that have been characterised as ”the birth of the social” and the new governmental rationality, ”liberal governmentality”. The initiators presupposed that civilisation had negative behavioural consequences among the lower classes. At the same time they expressed optimism regarding new fostering instances and how such could be integrated to a mutually supporting network. The aims of the new reformatory principles were regularly described as capacities for self-reflection, self-regulation and self-control among the lower classes. The dissertation shows that the new activities localised and defined a new set of problems and questions in terms of the social. ”Society” was what was to be protected as its ”inner” relationships were described as going through comprehensive historical changes. The ambition to lead, manage and organise the behaviours and values of the lower classes was even more far-reaching than was the desire to exert direct discipline. Order, well being and morals were integrated in a field of problems where effects on the lifestyles of the lower classes constituted the ultimate authoritative body.
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Abu-Sada, Caroline. "ONG et construction étatique : l'expérience de PARC (Palestinian Agricultural Relief Committees) dans les Territoires palestiniens 1983-2005." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0008.
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Les organisations non gouvernementales palestiniennes (ONG) ont été créées dans les années 80 afin de soutenir la population palestinienne. Les partis politiques étant interdits par les autorités israéliennes, ces associations ont été très tôt politisées. La création d'un centre politique national, sous la forme de l'Autorité Palestinienne, a rejeté les ONG, jusque là très puissantes et presque les seules en charge de l'aide aux Palestiniens, dans la périphérie. Depuis 1994, et surtout depuis le début de la deuxième Intifada, ces ONG ont adopté de nouvelles stratégies. PARC (Palestinian Agricultural Relief Committees), créée en 1983 par la Parti communiste s'est développée sur l'aide aux agriculteurs et sur le maintien des terres sous contrôle palestinien. Cette ONG a acquis une telle envergure, via la création de comités de femmes, d'agriculteurs ou de jeunes, qu'elle concurrence le Ministère de l'agriculture dans la mise en place de politiques nationales et a un accès privilégié aux donateurs internationaux. De plus, elle a su, tout en ayant un répertoire discursif moderne, utiliser les ressources de pouvoir traditionnelles afin d'asseoir son pouvoir. Depuis récemment, elle utilise ses réseaux au sein de la population palestinienne afin de rentrer sur la scène politique palestinienne. Cette recherche vise à démontrer que la construction d'un centre politique n'est pas figée, mais est au contraire en perpétuelle évolution. Le rôle des ONG et des bailleurs de fonds, tout comme le rôle de la puissance occupante qu'est Israël sont de première importance dans la définition d'un national palestinien.
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Jesus, Jorge Martins de. "A Fun??o Social do s?mbolo Reino de Deus: tr?s fases de transi??o." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2016. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/969.
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This Dissertation investigates the social function of the symbol of God's Kingdom and the role it played during specific periods of the history of the Christian religion, as well as the ways in which was suitable as power of social legitimacy by different groups. To achieve this, we used a methodology that is divided in three moments: as a basic strategy is research used the qualitative method, which will assist in the description of the Kingdom of God, symbol of its meaning, ressignifica??es and evolution that suffered during the periods covered; How to approach and method of data collection was chosen the hypothetico-deductive, through which, from the gap of knowledge that is evident in problem formulated, it is possible to develop hypotheses and test them through the process of deductive inferences; finally, as a method of procedure and data analysis is comparative-historical method, which, at the time investigating the events, circumstances and institutions of the past, can also check similarities and explain differences with other periods, explaining the way the social function of the Kingdom of God symbol was developed in the past and its influence in later periods. One of the hypotheses obtained as a result is that the main social function of the symbol of God's Kingdom play a structuring role and organizer of life in society, through a discursive and symbolizing action plan whose objectives are to create an ideal society through religion. With that, one of the arguments that is driven by this result relates to ambiguity in the use of the symbol that is the result of disputes and group interests, sometimes antagonistic, who dispute the legitimacy and the symbol manipulation.
A presente Disserta??o investiga a fun??o social do s?mbolo Reino de Deus e o papel que desempenhou durante per?odos espec?ficos da hist?ria da religi?o crist?, bem como as formas com que foi apropriada como poder de legitima??o social por diferentes grupos. Para isso, ? utilizada uma metodologia que divide-se em tr?s momentos: como forma de estrat?gia b?sica de investiga??o ? utilizado o m?todo qualitativo, o qual ir? auxiliar na descri??o do s?mbolo Reino de Deus, de seu significado, ressignifica??es e evolu??o que sofreu durante os per?odos abordados; como m?todo de abordagem e de coleta de dados foi escolhido o m?todo hipot?tico-dedutivo, pelo qual, a partir da lacuna de conhecimento que se evidencia no problema formulado, ? poss?vel elaborar hip?teses e test?-las pelo processo de infer?ncias dedutivas; por fim, como m?todo de procedimento e an?lise dos dados ? utilizado o m?todo hist?rico-comparativo, o qual, ao tempo que investiga acontecimentos, circunst?ncias e institui??es do passado, tamb?m pode verificar similitudes e explicar diverg?ncias com outros per?odos, explicando, assim, a forma com que a fun??o social do s?mbolo Reino de Deus foi desenvolvida no passado e a verifica??o de sua influ?ncia nos per?odos posteriores. Uma das hip?teses obtidas como resultado ? a de que a principal fun??o social do s?mbolo Reino de Deus ? desempenhar um papel estruturador e organizador da vida em sociedade, atrav?s de uma simboliza??o discursiva e de planos de a??o cujos objetivos s?o de criar uma sociedade ideal por meio da religi?o. Com isso, uma das discuss?es que ? orientada por esse resultado diz respeito a ambiguidade na utiliza??o do s?mbolo que ? resultado das disputas e dos interesses de grupos, ?s vezes, antag?nicos, que disputam a legitimidade e a manipula??o do s?mbolo.
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Poiraud, Alexandre. "Les glissements de terrain dans le bassin tertiaire volcanisé du Puy-en-Velay (Massif central, France) : caractérisation, facteurs de contrôle et cartographie de l'aléa." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869937.
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Poiraud, Alexandre. "Les glissements de terrain dans le bassin tertiaire volcanisé du Puy-en-Velay (Massif central, France) : caractérisation, facteurs de contrôle et cartographie de l’aléa." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF20014.
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Dyck, Ronald Paul. "Recasting encounters between women and the transgendered: a sensitive analysis of Nixon v. Vancouver Rape Relief Society." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1742.
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In Nixon v. Vancouver Rape Relief Society, a legal case involving the exclusion of a male-to-female transsexual from a volunteer position with a women-only organization, the question of what a woman is one of the central questions being addressed. Questions of this kind place significant limits on cases like Nixon that involve women-only organizations and transgendered persons, since they can only address the place of women, and not the transgendered, in an organization like Rape Relief. This thesis examines two of the decisions that have emerged from Nixon v. Vancouver Rape Relief Society and Vancouver Rape Relief Society v. Nixon - in order to account for their shared investment in determining what a woman is. It then utilizes select writings of Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault and Emmanuel Levinas to consider how the discussion taking place in Nixon might be recast in a manner that better accounts for the claims of women and the transgendered, enabling a responsive encounter between the one and the other.
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Zey, Nancy Elizabeth. ""Rescuing some youthful minds" : benevolent women and the rise of the orphan asylum as civic household in early Republic Natchez." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29696.
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In 1816 a group of white, affluent women in Natchez, Mississippi founded the Female Charitable Society, one of many ladies' associations in the early republic devoted to the care of poor and orphaned children. Born during a pervasive evangelical awakening, the Society established a charity school then, after a few years, constructed an orphan asylum. In doing so, benevolent women created not only a shelter for parentless boys and girls but a "civic household" of which they served as a collective head. Supported by charitable contributions rather than tax revenue, the orphan asylum functioned as a model environment, one that would rear prepubescent white children to be moral and industrious in trades that befit their born condition. The asylum also represented an opportunity for personal spiritual renewal on the part of donors as well as a landmark of municipal refinement. By promoting themselves as the natural caretakers of poor young children and fostering a culture of sympathy for them, benevolent women challenged the primacy of the statutory system of juvenile relief, which dated back to the earliest days of colonial settlement. Gradually, the Female Charitable Society raised the standard of relief for prepubescent indigent minors, diverted them from bound apprenticeship, wrested jurisdiction over them from male county officials, and gathered them into the household. The female-run orphan asylum largely supplanted apprenticeship as the preferred system of juvenile relief in Natchez, mirroring developments in other cities around the country. This study investigates why and how the orphan asylum emerged as a prominent form of juvenile relief in the United States. Using Natchez as a case study, this work underscores the role of benevolent women in effecting concrete transformations within the community as well as the impact of changes in domestic familial relations on child welfare. This study also expands the notion of "republican motherhood" to include "civic motherhood," that is, the public cultivation of maternal authority over poor children. Members of the Natchez Female Charitable Society positioned themselves as the rightful guardians of white, indigent boys and girls and was eventually granted legal authority over them by the State of Mississippi.text
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Koksarova, Julianna. "HOW TO GIVE: EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN PUBLIC AND CIVIL SOCIETY SECTORS IN INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN AID." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2846.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)This study demonstrates application of the demand/supply model that derives from the three failures theory to the study of partnership effectiveness, showing that effective partnership is a partnership that provides each partner with assets that help them spend fewer resources on achieving their goals than when working alone, by compensating for each other's weaknesses while maximizing their own strengths. The study uses public-private partnership (PPP) in humanitarian settings as a unique opportunity to investigate partnership as a process and contribute to a nascent collaboration theory. The study shows that factors that define effective PPP during different stages of disaster relief are similar. However, different stages of partnership require different levels of compensation mechanisms from partnership participants to ensure that both actors maximize their strengths while achieving their missions. As a result, different stages of partnership call upon different combinations and degrees of factors affecting partnership effectiveness. This research uses descriptive data and inferential analysis, based on interviews with 10 representatives of humanitarian agencies that partner with the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Office. It gives scholars and practitioners of philanthropy insights into the question: "how to give?" It also provides collaboration research and public policy with guidance on how to create stronger partnerships and increase the likelihood of better collaboration outcomes as well as how to better deal with hazards in order to mitigate disaster outbreaks.
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Mutie, Rogers Kyalo. "Mapping the contribution of faith-based organizations to the Sustainable Development Goals : a case study of World Relief Kenya." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26352.
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The Sustainable Development Goals SDGs were adopted in 2015. The contribution of FBOs in their achievement is however, not properly recognised owing partly to the historical perception of FBOs as peripheral rather than core development actors. Using the case study of one FBO in Kenya, this study examined the relevance of FBOs’ development work to the SDGs. Using Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and a literature review for data collection, the study found that: FBOs possess a dual identity (faith and development). The faith identity gives them some comparative advantages over secular counterparts in engaging local faith communities; there was a direct link between the FBOs’ work and the SDGs. The case study organisation directly contributed to six of the 17 SDGs; the FBOs’ knowledge on SDGs and their engagement with SDG forums were found to be limited. The study recommends a renewed attention to FBOs work and more studies to increase evidence on the FBOs’ role and impact on SDGs.Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)
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Ahmed, Shammi. "A Gender Sensitive Policy Framework for Disaster Management in Bangladesh." Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/39483/.
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Bangladesh has been hit by many catastrophic natural disasters where flooding has become a recurring phenomenon. Such flooding events have particularly severe consequences for relatively poor communities and within these communities’ women tend to be more vulnerable than men. Women’s development and gender issues have increasingly gained prominence and realization of importance (King and Mason 2001). It’s been recognized that empowerment of women is essential in addressing poverty and advancing development. The governments often are, however, shy on placing priority on women’s development and welfare. This particularly applies to times of crisis or disasters, where gender concerns are argued to be a luxury that can only be addressed after the more important matters (IFRC 2006). The socio-economic context in Bangladesh has created a situation where women’s status and roles in a patriarchal society puts them in more vulnerability during the natural disaster as women face particular challenges in fulfilling their traditional roles in regard to gathering food, water, fuel; childcare, livestock as well as pursue diverse sources of income to sustain their households. Several international scholars have noted that a lack of sensitivity to the needs of women has meant that disaster relief and recovery operations have sometimes made things worse for women in the wake of natural disasters.
The research aim is twofold: First to investigate the challenges that women face during flooding events and the effectiveness of disaster relief and recovery work of government and non-government agencies and reflect on their disaster relief policies and its implications. Second, to investigate whether rural community women are disadvantaged compared to urban community women and address the gaps that may exists.
The study focuses on the experiences of women living through natural disasters in two different flood-prone communities in Bangladesh; a remote rural community in Munshigonj and an urban community living in Tongi Area, within the vicinity of Dhaka. Predominantly, a qualitative methodology using case study approach was applied. Two modes of data were collected: a survey questionnaire that provided the details of economic conditions (agricultural activities) and demography of the two selected districts; individual face-to-face interviews and focus groups with rural and urban women that have been affected by the floods. In-depth face-to-face interviews were also conducted from the relief agencies as well as government employees and local district leaders.
The findings of the study show that the rural-urban divide is less important than many have predicted and that other factors such as the duration of the flood—is more significant. For example, the study found that lack of money and other resources makes it extremely difficult for women to sustain their coping mechanisms for the duration of a major flooding and the exhaustion of their meagre resources makes it hard for them to rebuild their home and their livelihoods after the flood waters have subsided. This has implications for how and when disaster relief and recovery should be delivered, and the study draws on its case study findings to suggest ways in which government and non-government disaster relief and recovery work in Bangladesh should be made more gender-sensitive.
The findings also showed that the number of agencies involved in disaster relief and recovery work in Bangladesh has multiplied in recent years and this makes it harder to ensure that consistent policies and practices are followed. Despite the participation of various organizations in disaster prevention, survival and recovery, there is absence of women sensitive policies that addresses women’s specific challenges. These findings not only have implications for Bangladesh but draws attention for international significance. Several future directions for research are developed based on the findings.
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Saloio, Marta Isabel Romão. "Os relicários em Portugual e no Mundo Português entre os Séculos XVI e XVIII. Um Estudo Introdutório." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/20132.
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A presente dissertação é dedicada aos relicários, produzidos em Portugal e nos territórios dominados pela Coroa Portuguesa entre os séculos XVI e XVIII. Dos diferentes núcleos que fazem parte deste enorme conjunto, o da igreja de São Roque merece especial desenvolvimento pelo significado de que se reveste. A devoção prestada aos restos mortais ou materiais de figuras de santos, da Virgem e do próprio Cristo desenvolveu o culto das relíquias, que, vindo da Idade Média foi duramente criticado pelo movimento da Reforma Protestante. Confirmada a sua validade pelo Concílio de Trento, o culto das relíquias implicou uma produção de relicários em todo o espaço europeu que permaneceu fiel a Roma, tendo contribuído para isso a acção da Companhia de Jesus e o exemplo de colecções régias, como a de Filipe II de Espanha. Em Portugal, este aspecto relaciona-se também com a expansão para Oriente e o Brasil, introduzindo elementos extraeuropeus nas suas realizações. A grande variedade das tipologias, dos cofres e cruzes aos bustos e braços relicários, ligadas às artes decorativas e à escultura, tornam os relicários na arte portuguesa um campo de estudo bastante extenso, que esta dissertação procura abordar de forma introdutória.This dissertation is dedicated to the reliquaries, produced in Portugal and in the territories dominated by the Portuguese Crown between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. Of the different cores that are part of this huge set, the São Roque church deserves special development by means of which it contains. The devotion paid to the remains or figures of saints materials, the Virgin and Christ himself developed the cult of relics, which, from the Middle Ages was heavily criticized by the movement of the Protestant Reformation. Confirmed the validity of the Council of Trent, the cult of relics led to a reliquaries production throughout the European area that remained loyal to Rome and contributed to that the Company's share of Jesus and the example of royal collections, such as Philip II of Spain. In Portugal, this aspect also relates to the expansion to East and Brazil, introducing extraeuropeus elements in their achievements. The wide variety of types, the vaults and crosses the busts reliquaries and arms, related to decorative arts and sculpture, make the shrines in Portuguese art a very extensive field of study, this dissertation seeks to address in an introductory way.
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Hlabangana, Vincent. "An evaluation of food parcel interventions by Societas Socialis (SOS) Children's Villages in the context of HIV and AIDS : a case study of Ennerdale informal settlement in Johannesburg, South Africa." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26848.
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This study investigated and evaluated the success and impact of the foodstuff package intervention that is offered by SOS Children’s Villages to households affected by HIV and AIDS. The study population comprised households who were involved in the food parcel distribution intervention, those affected by HIV and AIDS, those individuals who were able to talk freely about their lives as full participants and recipients of food parcels, and those aged 18 years and older.
This study determined how food parcel intervention promotes self-sufficiency post-intervention. This was determined by interviewing recipients of food parcels from 2010 to 2018. The food parcel dissemination has been a core intervention to families affected by HIV and AIDS, but yielded very little progress towards assisting people to reach self-reliance. The aim of the study was to gain an understanding of the food parcel intervention using a qualitative research design. This study focused only on families affected by HIV and AIDS, including young people aged eighteen years and above. The study was based on a purposive sampling method with in-depth and focus group interviews as a means of collecting data. The results and implications of this study are discussed in depth in this research report. Essentially, the findings of this study could inform the development of policies and strategies to be considered for possible implementation by NGO’s and government in supporting family units affected by HIV and AIDS.Sociology
M.A. (Social and Behavioural Studies in HIV and AIDS)