Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Religion et politique – Gabon'
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Adjoi, Obengui Guy Donald. "Religion locale et pouvoir politique au Gabon : cas du rite Ndjobi chez les Mbede." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0157/document.
Full textOn horseback between political Sociology and political Anthropology, this thesis try to understand the interaction enter "local Religion and political Power» with the prospect of consolidation of the power Africa, more exactly in the Gabon. It underlines the management (direction) of the power politics and analyzes the relationship enter the initiation rite Ndjobi and the political power in the community Mbede. This thematic field is deconstructed up to the Gabonese nation through the initiation and the implication of the politics premises within this religion. The rite Ndjobi would be a local counter-offensive to repair the universe social and to protect Mbede. It is a fundamental element in the maintenance of law and order through the symbolism of Okèlè é Ndjobi that is the assertion by which an initiated calls in to witness the sacred and the truth of the statement which he utters in front of the basket containing the relics of Ndjobi. For a traditional leader, this rite would be a way to compensate for a constitutional deficiency of its political power to maintain at its introduced subjects respect and especially been afraid, fault of whom its power could widely be imaginary. The oath of Ndjobi would be a political reliable contract to a village headman, to a politician introduced to this rite. Through this demolition, this local religion appears as a support of the Gabonese political power on a national scale and even money regional. Even if the oaths are made with words; but in Black Africa, these words are not light. They allow to act on one, on the others and on the world concerned as a constraint comparable to a sword of Damocles. The constraint practiced in a way subtle and imposed with some intra-political negotiations bound to the «politics of the stomach " So that the initiation undergone is not similar to an act of the witchcraft in the eyes of the population. The witchcraft as a penalty of the rite Ndjobi is lived by all the Mbede and the political initiated, as a threat perms of aggression aiming their bodies, at their goods and at their families. Indeed, every traditional leader says "Nga Mpuhu" always chooses the guile, the fraud, the ritual crimes, the material ownership as political way to make not only control the population, but also to manipulate the desires for power of her followers and for her close collaborators. In Africa, "you saddle today and ride out tomorrow" and plan, it is to set up a mechanism allowing to avoid being was a surprise by the enemy who, generally, is always a close relation. It would be, in fact, the putting according to a "traditional Democracy ". It is in this direction that this thesis can serve of complementary element with the prospect of understanding and analysis of politics in Black Africa through the religions local as foundation of the political power in spite of the current arrival of the modern religious obedience and the sponsoring
Matimi, Jean-Christophe. "Tradition et innovations dans la construction de l'identité chez les Shamaye, Gabon, entre 1930 et 1990." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26079.pdf.
Full textMegne, M'ella Ghislain Desire. "L'organisation sociale du sport au GABON, de l'indépendance à nos jours (1960-2012). Analyse socio-historique des facteurs de facilitations et des contraintes. Perspectives comparatives : Caméroun-Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0317/document.
Full textThe ambition that leads this thesis is as original as fascinating: analyzing the roleof the social organization of the Gabonese sport in the context of a developing country, themode of expression of the local people in the colonial period, and the element of integrationin the concert of nations after the independences. This research, in general, seeks tocomprehend sport organizations in Gabon. It is all about understanding the implication andthe impact of sport federations in Gabon from its independence (1960) to now. A trip in thepast reveals us that sport federations are separated from the traditional culture and modernculture. Therefore, we can see why they are out of touch with the current economic and socioculturalneeds of the moment. As we travel back in time, the purpose of this thesis ismultidisciplinary and comparative, based on the methods of the sociology of sport. It seeks todecrypt historical, social, political, economic and institutional conditions; and the logic of thepresent actors, so to understand the consequences that follow, and are testimonies of a uniqueorganization a francophone area (Gabon, Cameroon, and Senegal). This thesis informs aboutthe sport policies. Who organizes? How? In whose interest? These principal questions lead usto the overall problematic: Why sport organizations in Gabon favor more imported models oforganization. In more detail, how the transposition of the French model influences sportpolicies in Gabon; and how does it interact with the local particularities. Far from being aGabonese specificity solely, the colonial input remains a substantial propriety in youngAfrican states
Komba, Moumba Judicaëlle. "Du "Sang de l'iguane" à la prospérité : tradition et spiritualité modernes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG051.
Full textIn order to understand what is the Weltanschauung of the body and its imaginery, the health and healing habitus process, we have made a survey among the medecine men and the pentecotists and the laymen. It appears that most of them suffer of the so-called "iguana's blood". Thus, we have found the causes of those who are destroying the bodies and who are responsible of "iguana's blood” and how to fight them. The dissertation is about the folk comprehension of disease and how it is divided in the city of Libreville: into “diseases of whites” and “diseases of blacks”. The specialists of misfortune propose some treatments of the body on the religious market in order to achieve healing and prosperity of any kind. The body is seen in Libreville as a hybrid, since the causes of "iguana's blood" and the tools needed to fight it, are found in the representations of both cultures of the postcolonial world
Koumba, Emmanuel-Thierry. "Presse écrite et engagement politique au Gabon." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30023.
Full textThe political engagement of the gabonese press poses a real and twofold problem. To begin with, the sociopolitical change that gabon has experienced since 1990 has complicated matters. Then, the association of political parties with the press means that newspapers still lack true personal perspective; while one of the main objectives of the media remains to inform, in an independant manner, the public. If this reality has favoured the emergence (in great numbers at times) of the press as a witness to the present situation of a new multiparty democratic gabon, it is still far from the democratization of the press. With the help of technics in the information sciences and in communication, in a multidisciplinary perspectif; but also thanks to first hand observation in gabon, this thesis examines in detail the conditions of development of the gabonese press since 1990. It is divided into three sections. In the first section, this study looks at the problem of the organisation of the press and its functionning in a context marked by the impact of radio and television. In the second section, it analyses the layout and content in newpapers. Thus, if the sociopolitical sturring has favoured a certain liberalism in the regime of president bongo, it is also the opportunity for the gabonese press to propose new, rich and varied ideas to its ever more demanding conscientious readers. The third section offers an analysis of the relations between the different social and political actors, readers, (public) opinion and the press. Finally, while recognizing the strngths and weaknesses of the gabonese press, this study puts forth new suggestions for a real press of the future
Bisso, Bikah Marcelle. "Dynamique socio-politique : de l'ouverture politique au pluralisme syndical au Gabon." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL323.
Full textWith the acquisition of the independence in 1960, the Gabonese local strengths are going to manage the professional relationships through the tools, which had been bequeathed by the colonization. If the Gabonese workers are evolving in a trade-union pluralism, the trade unionists will not be really accept by the political authorities. From 1967 to the late eighties, those same authorities will even set up a trade-union monolithism that won't be contested by the workers till the late eighties. Indeed, until that period, they are going to set off very violent demonstrations. We aim at understanding why the workers who were thus far apathetic demonstrated and what could be the nature of their movement. Therefore, we have given off the hypothesis that we were in front of a social movement as defined by Alain Touraine. In comparison with that hypothesis, we submitted the Gabonese workers to a social observation, which is the method of this writer when it does matter of wondering if a struggle could be defines as a social movement or not. It is that job of self-analysis made close to groups of workers, that is proposed here to the reader
Mandjouhou, Yolla Eustache. "Neo-patrimonialisme, pouvoir personnel et politique étrangère au Gabon." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40002.
Full textLibreville as become an important diplomatic center in Africa. Because of is longevity in power and of is intervention in favor of peace in various mediation, Omar Bongo as become the african wiseman, the Félix Houphoue͏̈t-Boigny heir's. Keeping in mind the institutional model, and after a historical roundabout way, its appears that presidential institution is central in decision-making and foreign polyguidance in Gabon. Abundant case of parallel diplomacy to the detriment of Foreign affairs ministery is an additional evidence of his last one's preeminence uppon other institutional actors. .
Ondo, Placide. "Pratiques des langues gabonaises et enjeux sociaux : luttes politiques, scolarisation, identités." Amiens, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AMIE0012.
Full textAmbonguilat, Colette-Lydie. "Santé publique et problèmes sanitaires au Gabon." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL12006.
Full textGabon, a thirld-world country, is in second position behind lybia in the field of wealthiness, but enjoys the leading position among black africa countries. It has an area of 267,667 km2 (almost the half of france). It has about one million inhabitants and its density is 3. 8 inhabitants per km2 with ten inhabitants km2 in the capital city, a population which is inequally spread. Situated in central africa, gabon has got many trumps : oil, mining and forested resources with a good sanitary an social cover. This privileged situation, however, experiences a few handicaps such as : a bad distribution on of medical staff and equipment availabe for the provinces, a high level of infant mortality and many endemic and epidemic diseases (malaria, liprosy. . . ). The shortage of infrastructures and lines of communication badly maintained lead to a sanitation which is only profitable to few city dwellers. As regards nutrition, it is little varied and ill-balanced ; this factor endangers the demography of the country. The sanitary education is also less developped and the national service responsible for the improving of the sanitation is more concentrated in urban areas. Through this study, one can notice the complexity of many dependent factors which only a clear and harmonized policy is likely to save from all present ills. As regards traditional medecine, its integration in health policy can being a considerable help, particulary in the psychologic and pharmaceutic fields
Moussavou, Georges. "L'État et le système d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche scientifique au Gabon : contribution à une sociologie des institutions publiques." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0005.
Full textEssono, Mezui Hervé. "Eglise catholique, vie politique et démocratisation au Gabon : 1945-1995." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/essono-mezui_h.
Full textThe Catholic Church has become one of the main components of contemporary Gabon. We cannot make its history without accounting for the part played by this Church in the Gabonese society. In a little more than 150 years of effective presence, it has shared the joys and misfortunes, the hopes and despairs of the Gabonese people. Since 1945, the Catholic Church has been confronted with the agitated and ambiguous political evolution of Gabon through the electoral competitions, political independence, the institutions set up, political violence. It has known the period of the single party, the political involvment of its priests, the return to the multi-party system and democratization. In front of these facts the Catholic Church has a directive word, neither noisy, nor aggressive, but useful for the construction of the society. But this word is disputed or misunderstood because of an environment characterized by a climate of ambiguous secularity, secularization and the internal challenges of the Church. Beyond the relationship between the Catholic Church and political life, between 1945 and 1995, this work is also interested in the History of this Church in order to better understand its role in society. It recalls its evolution since the periods of the missions until the building of the Churches diocesan, while relating by the end of the Mission, the change in the episcopate, the creation of the episcopal conference, the visit of the John Paul II. It shows the strengths and limits of its action in a Gabonese society, al ready facing deep economic, social and cultural changes because of colonization, and the oil boom
Minkoue, M'Akono Mireille Carine. "Francophonie et culture au Gabon." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_minkoue_m.pdf.
Full textAs we know, the colonial period has produced a complex linguistic situation which also caused heavy social cultural implications in French speaking countries in black Africa, especially in Gabon. Overall, we observe a surperimposition phenomenon of languages on the hand French set as the language of power and prestige at the disposal of elites and civil servants, on the other African languages often reduced to a less laudatory status, as indigenous dialects not proper to teaching and acquiring scientific acquaintances. The purpose of this work is to help us understand and know, the speaking and promotion of French around the world as a cultural force and a kinetic energy in the building up of a Gabonese nation that is in motion since its independence in 1960. Our main purpose isn’t to justify the speaking and promotion of French around the world but to show the contribution it has brought to the building up of a friendly and prosper Gabon ever since the French language arrived on the Gabonese soil
Ngye, Alain Patrick Patou. "Domination personnelle et élite politique au Gabon (1968-2009)." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40034.
Full textThe present thesis lights the intelligibility of gabonese political regime under OMAR BONGO (1968-2009). More precisely, it notices that personal domination and elitist analysis are two supplementary approaches in the understanding of politics in Gabon and in sub-Saharan Africa. It shows with this effect that OMAR BONGO could not count that on itself to stay in power during almost half a century. He must also have leaned on a group of actors, called political elite, of which the organization and functioning being imprinted by its personal power. Indeed, access to this elite was governed by clientelism and nepostism, two reports of exchange which OMAR BONGO had established in principle of management of the upper personnel of the State. The first allowed him to build up clients able of working on the instructions or in an autonomous manner in his political longevity. Because of that, the actors who composed these clients were endowed to each of a capital of various resources which they activated and made bear fruit in order to help him to keep its scepter. The promotion of this capital to OMAR BONGO led them besides to devote themselves a persevered conflict. As for nepotism, it brought to OMAR BONGO to make members of its official family and those of its semiofficial family his close collaborators in the government, the presidential administration and the PDG, the party in power. Policy of affection, it allowed him so to have a more important hold on political elite and on State apparatus. Because, by making of his power a family business, OMAR BONGO knew how he will count on actors among whom fidelity and determination would be also a trump for his political longevity
Mbadinga, Michel. "État, entreprises et développement au Gabon : contribution à une étude géographique." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30018.
Full textThe territory of Gabon east since the 19th century the object of multiple transformations. They were as of the departure does it colonial power, through the large companies of draft. Partisan of a colonization whose these companies would be the instrument, the colonial capacity waited they which equip the territory with infrastructures essential to its development. Since 1960, this action is from now on the fact of the State, through strategies of development and space organization. Through this study, it acts, for locating us the various actors and studying their various implications in the development and the space organization of Gabon. The gravity of the crisis which pass through considerable countries of Africa, Gabon particularly, shows that the policies of development recommended the shortly after its independence, did not have true repercussions. As, since the beginning of the years 1990, vis-a-vis concern as difficult the State to solve the problems which depend on its kingly capacity, the private sector from now on is regarded as the only able one to impel a new dynamics of development. Our research must thus try to answer the following questions: Which were the various strategies of develop and organization space recommended in Gabon, and which were their impact? In what the private sector can it be carrying hope of development and insertion in the world economy ?
Nzengue, Jean Victorien. "Les faiblesses de l'agriculture gabonaise et le rôle des grandes entreprises agricoles et agro-industrielles." Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30044.
Full textMondjo-Londo, Edgard. "Élites, pouvoirs et sorcelleries au Gabon de 1946 à nos jours." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10071.
Full textBiyandza, Jean-Bosco. "Un exemple de leadership présidentiel et de processus de démocratisation en marche dans l'Afrique aujourd'hui : le processus de démocratisation au Gabon." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100174.
Full textRossatanga-Rignault, Guy. "La Jeunesse scolarisée et l'État en Afrique : l'exemple gabonais." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010284.
Full textThe construction (or the strengthening) of the state in Africa reveal a number of actors (political parties, armies, churches. . . ). Can one say that the youth in school attendance is an actor of the African political scene ? What are its roles ? Which functions are its ? The examination of the gabonese situation shows that the state produces more than one public policies towards these youth who respond to is, in time and space, by various attitudes (opposition, contesting, integration) reaveling their statute and their longings. Thus, it seems that the "sacralisation" of the youth has been translated in the facts, by a real "sacrifice" materialized by the collapse of the school system. A privileged group, the youth in school attendance has carried out an opposition mission within the monopartising systems before satisfying itself, for various reasons, with the defense of its corporatist interest until this defense questions the system acting as a catalyst in the shaking of the continent since 1990. But, doesn't the escaping from this crisis depend on a post-modern synthesis which goes beyond tradition and modernity ?
Bignoumba, Moundemba Étienne. "Le système politique gabonais." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1A001.
Full textEssono, Mezui Hervé Prudhomme Claude. "Eglise catholique, vie politique et démocratisation au Gabon 1945-1995 /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2006. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2006/essono-mezui_h.
Full textNziengui, Yvon PL. "Les bas-fonds de Libreville (Gabon) : un enjeu de développement urbain et d'aménagement." Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30075.
Full textThe site of Libreville is characterized by a hilly landscape, makes of hills, but especially boxed small valleys and wide swampy valleys: the slums. At first, the city evolved on hills and zones exshowers, avoiding systematically the stiff slopes, the boxed small valleys and the swampy zones. With the increase in population of the 1970s and in the absence of any planning, the urbanization continued in the slums creating sub-integrated districts where concentrate the main urban troubles. In the physical depressions thus settled down the social depressions, making of Libreville a city mined by the urban problems of any orders. The floods, the landslides and the collapses coexist with the insalubrity and the problems of health, the poverty and the precarious living conditions. The slums, still called matitis or mapanes, represent more than 80 % of the built surface today and are the expression of a not mastered urban growth. For a long time indicated as spaces of socio-spatial segregation, matitis is henceforth places of social coeducation where meet themselves populations of various social classes. To envisage the development of the Gabonese capital supposes the drastic arrangement and the viabilisation of mapanes. It also supposes that the local authorities take in hand and supervise the urban growth. For that purpose, the application of the principles of good governance turns out authoritarian in a city which lived at the rate of the more or less scandalous diversions of the public deniers. The eradication of matitis is a challenge for authorities and a chance for thousands of populations which live there
Bella, M'ba Noella Maryse. "Comprendre l'engagement politique des femmes au Gabon." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH193.
Full textEmerging from an initial questioning on Gabonese democracy, this research has evolved, not in order to emancipate itself from it, but to analyze one of its fundamental aspects which is too often put aside: the equality of gender representativeness. In Gabon, since the National Conference that established democracy in the early 1990s, the presence of women within Governments and major Institutions of the Republic has been permanent. Previously, the female groups were the main platform for their expression, limitating them to a peripheral practice in the political field. Now, they seem perfectly integrated into the sphere of responsibility.This doctoral thesis questions the commitment of women in the context of Gabon. It analyses in particular the construction of different identity among socially defined women, but also relationships between them, and the image of the political sphere that they build. It also deals with the adequacy between the women's practices and the realities of this field. In short, the main objective of this research is to analyse the perpetuation of the asymmetries between women and men in terms of responsibilities and representativeness.The main method consisted in semi-structured interviews of some 60 women and men representatives or activists from a dozen political parties of the majority and the opposition, of the associations, but also of Gabonese citizens and a variety of non partisan and not militant Gabonese people belonging to various social categories. Many theoretical assumptions have reinforced this study which is especially at the crossroads of the reproduction, of sex relationships, of domination, of the theory of social dominance, but also of symbolic violence and that are related to the imaginary of African creeds.This study provides insights into the political commitment of women in Gabon. Despite their increasing numerical presence, and the fact that the country has committed itself, on a continental and global scale to reduce inequalities between women and men and to improve the status of women, their existence as political actors remains precarious. This is visible through the positions they occupy and which remain intrinsically linked to the same major themes. In the end, the quantitative and qualitative under-representation of Gabonese women in terms of responsibilities is the result of many factors, including the difficulty to juxtapose their many binding identities, the need of maintaining a family organization undermined by the disappearance or changes of men’s sense of social manhood itself due to a greater presence of women at the top of the hierarchy, women's practices that are not suited to search and the conquest of power, as well as the important influence of traditional values inherited. Finally, the trimorphic organization of society, that is to say, its separation into three separate worlds, namely, the private sphere, the public sphere and the sphere of powers, makes the reality of Gabonese women’s political commitment more complex
Ingueza, Hervé. "Dynamiques des champs politiques locaux au Gabon : Contribution à l'analyse de l'intégration politique." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40024.
Full textThe political trajectory of the Gabonese State can be read through three phrases of time : the time of apprenticeship and appropriation of political participation mechanisms (1946-1967), the time of political exclusiveness proposed by a unique Gabonese party (1968-1990), and the time of the democratic revival intervening from 1990. Throughout that configuration, our work enables to set the practice of local spaces within a perspective of political intégration. In such a context, besides the State dimension which identifies their nature, the political structure building of those local spaces fits into logical schemes of control and legitimation. Those elements condition contractual outlines of the articulation between the central power and local spaces. Whether they are conceived as spaces of the centre's extension and domination, or as spaces of conquest and visibility for antagonist political forces, relational modes are marked by the structural characteristics of the Gabonese State (which is indeed a centralized and Jacobin one). Structurally determined by local contigencies, and otherwise marked by attempts of political neutralization, Gabonese local political fields are characterized by an elective practice and insert themselves in a mode of captation controlled by the central power. In 1990, the central power domination was weakened by the democratic renewal. In that context dominated by the rise of new political forces, local fields crystallize political life in Gabon. On the one hand, the frenzied increase in number of administrative units brings about fresh spaces of political competition. After the saying "divide and rule", one discovers a new political axiom which is : "split and share". On the other hand, those places are bound to the State by means of its organization in several levels of administration and the geography of its hegemony. The State survives and thrives as long as it can maintain the territorial coalition of those places which provide it with a geographical shape. The State depends on the support of those places, which inversely also depend on the centre's political influence. The political continuity of the Gabonese system is implemented by the investment of local spaces acting as places of legitimation and getting round concerning a controlled political protest
Matsiegui, Mboula Fortuné. "L'État et le tribalo-régionalisme au Gabon : de 1990 à nos jours." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0016.
Full textObiang, Jean-François. "Les Rapports de dépendance réciproque entre la France et le Gabon, 1967-1990 : pratiques clientélaires et logiques d'État." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA01A003.
Full textObiang, Ferdinand Dieudonné. "L'évolution politique et constitutionnelle au Gabon de 1990 à nos jours." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10035.
Full textThe institutional and political changes which took place in Gabon since 1990, after many years of political darkness, is not only a fact of the goodwill of the President of the Republic. It's the consequence of different events at national and international levels (the material poverty of the population, the lack of trust towards the authorities, international pressure and the growing of the democracy and human rights). The process started with a national conference, bringing together citizens from different opinions to discuss on the political situation of the country. At the end of this instance, a new constitution was adopted by the participants. The constitution established the plurality of political parties and maintained predominant powers to the head of state ; that's the reason why the system of government is qualified "presidentialistic". The constitution created new institutions to control the functioning of the system (the parliament, constitutional court, national council of communication. . . ). Even if the existence of these institutions doesn’t ensure the efficiency of the system, the nature and the importance of their prerogatives can reduce the omnipotent powers of the president. The establishment of a democratic system implicates the respect of two important principles : the "legally constituted state" and "fundamental liberties" with a guarantee of the constitution. However, the will of the constituent assembly to build a democratic society is confronted to many obstacles : the sociocultural factors and the non-respect of the rules by the authorities and the population
NGUEMA, MARIE THERESE. "La politique economique et sociale du gabon de 1946 a 1973." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO2006.
Full textThe transformations whose gabon is the theatre between 1946 - 1973 show how politics and economics are dependent one another. From 1946 to 1960, the gabonese destiny is still in the hands of foreign powers who lead its policy towards their own interets; so that new local politicians have to cooperate with forestry workers who represent those foreign powers on the spot. The period going from 1960 to 1973 is different from the previous one because of the extent of stakes and the rapidity of the gabonese economic growth due to mining and petroleum development. Inspite of the independence the economic exploitation system will not almost change. Petroleum engineers will continue to do what their predecessors used to do with all the disavantages consequences and so on. At the same time, the farming field is neglected by governments and by people. It does not permit them to have a high standard of living as those who work in petroleum sectors and live in big cities. The drift from land will stress evils afflicting the underpopulation and modify the demographic balance and the dynamism of villagers. As far as the two heads of state who have followed one another since the independence : leon mba and omar bongo, they have both chosen the free entreprise economy favoured by flexible investing regulations for the investor. Their dynamism and their ambition wil sometimes show results in the detriment of economic realism since the gabonese economy is based on extractive richness that it exports, it is thus inconstant and uncertain because it is still produced by and for foreign actors. In so doing, the three-fourths (3 / 4) of the gabonese population do not take avantage of this so-called development, in spite of a daring social policy
Ndong, Ngoua Pascal. "La politique de décentralisation au Gabon (1996-2007) : entre conflits de compétences, manœuvres politiques et des populations urbaines non urbanisées : les cas de Libreville et de Médouneu." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083989.
Full textLocal communities are now presented as a guarantee for better “governance” and economic, social and cultural development. With the support of international donors and the democratic revival of the 1990s, these local communities embody a new approach to the organization of local territories, benefit from new credits, and most of the governments of sub-Saharan Africa are committed to ambitious reforms in this direction. Both structural and functional in their nature, these reforms have involved so-called decentralisation policies, i. E. “the transfer or the delegation of different levels of power, by the central Government to various State institutions at the lowest level”. In Gabon, this process was started on June 6, 1996, with the promulgation of the organic law n° 15/96 relative to decentralisation. This step towards reform attempts to break with a strong tendency towards the centralisation of management devices. It thus creates the conditions for a repositioning of political actors [or not], both on the local and national levels, mobilising old and new opinion leaders, creating alliances and competitions, even when the transfers of power, in fact, amount to zero. An analysis of the text seeks to understand how the devices of the organic law n° 15/96 are apprehended, and sometimes manipulated by the various authorities involved in the ongoing process. Also, it is important to identify important points of contradiction which prevent the efficient application of the Law and to analyse the relationship between policy development and socio-political and cultural factors. Moreover, grasping the impact of the reform requires us measure the level of social and economic development it stimulated and to grasp how people participate in public spaces. Reflection on local government reform also involves an assessment of the impact of the Gabonese National Commemoration celebrations on August 17, which, since their resumption in 2002, are every year held in a different province of the country. Finally, the discussion of decentralization in Gabon leads us to ask, to what extent decentralised development cooperation could contribute to the improvement of the socio-economic structures of local Gabonese municipalities, in particular those of Libreville and Medouneu
Engandja-Ngoulou, Kanel. "Industries culturelles et developpement économique de l'Afrique francophone : le cas du Gabon." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_engandja_ngoulou_k.pdf.
Full textThe cultural industries are recognized today as being one of the most dynamic sectors of the world economy. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the business of the cultural products knows a rate of annual growth since about twenty years, going from 5 % to 20 %. Their contribution to the world Gross domestic product (GDP) is estimated at more than 7 % (World Bank, 2003). However, these performances are the result of the economic dynamism of the developed countries and certain countries of the South. In the cinematographic industry for example, India takes place at the top of the list of the biggest producers of movies (1091 movies in 2006), followed by Nigeria (872 movies in 2006) and the United States (485 movies in 2006). In French-speaking Black Africa, the music is the 3rd most important sector in the state economy of Côte-d’Ivoire, in Mali and in Senegal; while the Burkina Faso is leading within the UEMOA in the still embryonic sector of the production of television fictions. As the Gabon tries to reduce its dependence towards natural resources, the cultural industries could not establish one of the sectors on which this country can lean to diversify its economy?
Otando, Gwenaëlle. "Institutions, gouvernance et développement économique : problèmes, réformes et orientation de l'économie gabonaise." Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0301.
Full textThis dissertation traces the origin of the economy of development with a view to underlining its salient traits and the major stages of its evolution. It is focused on the place of choice granted to institutions in the new theories of development and the policies which follow from it. Consequently it is based on the new institutional economy and economic approaches which point to the shortcomings of the market as the only mechanism for an optimum allocation of means. The concept of governance mobilized in this piece of work emphasizes the rise of new mechanisms for the coordination and allocation of means and opens up new dimensions which were eclipsed by the first generation of development policies. The launch of the concept of “good governance”, by international institutions in the early nineteen nineties in the wake of the failure of structural adjustement policies is an indicator of the attraction which this notion exerts on the decision-makers in international institutions, hence the importance of underlining its strengths and weaknesses. In effect, if poor governance (the lack of respect for the rule of law, malpractice, the absence of diversification) which characterizes the economy of African countries represents a true obstacle to the development of these countries, forcing institutions such as those of developed countries onto them is inappropriate (no respect for the institutional peculiarities of countries). Therefore it is relevant to adopt gradual stages whereby developing counstries are going to have an increasingly diversified economy and growth – induced by factors, effectiveness and innovation – in step with the accumulation of their institutional capacities and the strengthening of the basic capabilities of individuals. Gabon, which will be analysed along several subsystems (political, economic and social) acts as a living laboratory for this dissertation in so far as it allows us to measure the impact of the institutional deficit on the strengthening rentier economy. Indeed, any diversification strategy of the Gabonese economy involves the implementation of institutions and the emergence of a strategic State free from any strategy for illegal securement by groups of interest. When all is said and done, in the present state of institutional accumulation and economic structure in Gabon, the strategic State (acting as a coordinator, planner and uncertainty reducer) seems to be an intermediary mechanism - between bad and good governance – towards the production of trust. In other words, the first reforms aiming at the promotion of “good governance” should contribute to the emergence of a strategic State in a context marked by the priming of a new process of de-personnalisation of the rules of the game and a diversification of the economic structure
Engo, Assoumou Hugues-Cyrille. "Voirie et structuration urbaine dans la croissance de la ville de Libreville (Gabon)." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE29001.
Full textHogga, Mustapha. "Politique, éthique et religion chez Gazali." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605955b.
Full textHogga, Mustapha. "Politique, ethique et religion chez gazali." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030120.
Full textThis study emphasizes the relation between thought and history. The apparition of the official thinker, gazali, is to be explained by the political and social conditions set up by seljuqids. The permanent effect of the political and social conditions is outlined too, in order to explain the spiritual crisis and the "conversion" of gazali and to set light on the political, moral and religious reform he proposes. The orthodoxy that gazali supports on three levels : political, ethical and religious is the very one that the seljuqs have defined. The orthodoxical thought is neither coherent nor does it correspond with historical truth : it distorts facts for the best of its interests. It produces no more stability. The subversion (activism and terrorism) of the seljuq state by the isma'ilis shi'ites shows that ideological repression has a threshold not to be crossed. The fact that gazali belongs to ash'arism induces his commitment to the seljuq state as well as it determinates his choice of a moderate and legalist sufism
Agnama-Eboumi, Pascal. "La décentralisation territoriale et le développement local au Gabon." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10014.
Full textIn a country in full change, the question of the distribution capacity between the local State and its levels is essential, especially after 30 years of excessive centralization. The new law relating to decentralization in Gabon, voted in 1996, obliges to raise the question of the application of such a policy to Gabon. The object of this thesis is to see territorial decentralization up to what point can apply to Gabon according to its constraints and its realities. The installation of decentralization in Gabon has interest if it makes it possible to support the development of the local levels. However, this is not possible that under certain conditions
Nguema, Minko Emmanuelle. "Au-delà de la rancune et du pardon : une anthropologie de l'idéologie politique au Gabon." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10086.
Full textMavoungou, Vincent. "Institution et publics de la radio-télévision au Gabon : essai sur la personnalisation du pouvoir à travers la communication politique par les médias." Paris 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA020124.
Full textThe gabunese political regime is a presidentialist one. Il is dominated by a unique party. Broadcasting and television are controlled by the government and the unique party. They organise exchanges between the gouvernors and the governed, dominated by political propaganda which wind at the legitimation of political power. This political communication is marked by the political personalization of the ond who is at the same time the chief of state and that of the unique party. The personalization of power is the expression of the exercise of power. Normal phenomena in all political system, the expression of the personalization of power is exaggerated in gabun by the mass-media showing allegeance to the political power. Through the analysis of the relations which the political power maintains with the mass-media, and with their public, we are inclined to observe that the public receives political messages. Our objective is to analyse the foundation of the mecanisme which makes the public thinks that mass-media has created the personalization of power, then viewed as their dysfunction. Consequently, mass-media, those principal role was to broadcast propaganda in view to mobilize populations towards political participation, contribute on the contrary to a disorganisation (deprogrammation) which leads to the non-participation of the governed
Allogho-Nkoghe, Fidèle. "Politique de la ville et logiques d'acteurs. A la recherche d'alternatives d'aménagement pour les quartiers informels de Libreville (Gabon)." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30038.
Full textThis work proceeds of a report between the abstract districts and logics of actors of installation. By criticizing the town planning and installation imposed by the World Bank, the organizations of development as the French agency of development and the Canadian agency of international development, and on the local plan, the political actors (ministers, deputies, senators) true developers, we want to try out participative step who implies all the actors and takes account of the representations, the practices and the local habits. The conflicts of images which rise from these logics, lead to not-town planning. This is why the emergence of associations of district, the law on decentralization and of the actors such as the PAPSUT-PROTOTIPPEE, on the urban scene reveals the will to reduce these authoritative practices to the profit of a participative urban development
Zogo, Ondo Cyrille. "Libertés publiques et nouvel ordre politique en Afrique depuis la fin des partis uniques : le cas du Gabon." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA111003.
Full textOssakédjombo-Ngoua-Memiaghe, Gisèle Marie-Hortense. "Les politiques du Gabon sur l'apartheid, le Moyen-Orient et la Palestine de 1960 à 1995 : discours et actions dans les Organisations des Nations Unies, de l'Unité Africaine et de la Francophonie." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010545.
Full textLitchangou, Babambou Ingrid Orphise. "Comment devenir femme politique au Gabon : socialisation, conquête et conservation du pouvoir." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080006.
Full textThe scientific productionon women and politics is as important as diverse. Indeed, many research have been conducted in various disciplines such as history, political sciences, sociology, and psycoanalysis that have studied that duo theme. However, there are very few writings on the representation of the specifics of african women to act as a female politician. This research work aims at contributing to the adavancement of knowledge by exploring the mechanisms through which women access elected functions in a country charactirized by socio-cultural practices and logics that restrict women access within the decision-making spheres. The elected socio-cultural constuction relation to powerhas been scrutinized. Proessional and personnal assets, the socio-political culture, all have been scrutinized in order to highlight the components of the woman’s identity in Gabon and their interaction with the requirements of their profession. The gender analysis has enabled to report on the gender-based dimension of the social relationship of sexe, political phenomena and the ongoing praticises in traditional and modern societies and institutions, areas of construction and expresion of gender relations
John-Nambo, Joseph. "Les enjeux de la construction de l'État au Gabon : essai d'anthropologie et d'histoire du droit." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010266.
Full textThe state of gabon under construction is an original one, it is original because it is run along the lines of a redistribution complex. The redistribution complex which we conceive as an image of a "polymachine", is the hub which links the machinery of the state to the many communities which participate in the domestication of the state itself. However the redistributive complex particularly plays a role in transforming social relations : it is in this way that it contributes efficaciously to the regulation of gabon's society. Behind the construction of the state, the study of the stakes, thanks to a diacronic and anthropological method allows us to comprehend the problems inherent in the construction of gabon's society as a whole. This society, albeit based on community relations functions according to a plural logic whose fundamentalstake is interdependence which encourages complementary and national cohesion
Ndombet, Wilson-André. "Du multipartisme au monopartisme gabonais : les mécanismes d'intégration des masses et unité nationale : 1960-1986." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010285.
Full textThis work is research in political science witch is focused of the study of mechanism of integration masses, by the gabon political parties, in the interaction with the national unity. We have try to show the theme of national unity was used by the political parties : since 1960. The intres of this work reside in the study of the different ideologic fakes and their application. We have tried to show that never nor the bloc democratique gabonais have managed to make unity. But, the have used for party in power to consolider its autority and the opposing party to conquer power their strategies are the same in so far as clientelism, patrimonialism the domination of ethnic group on the others, they entail contadiction with and up with sever social crises. Finally the national unity is bean to conquer power
Mbongo, Otando Guy-Gervais. "Transition démocratique et juridictions de droit public au Gabon." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10021.
Full textDemocratic transition started in 1990 aims for building a constitutional state. Then, none constitutional state can subsist without an effective jurisdictional system just as emergence of an independent judicial authority in an authoritarian state is difficult or even impossible. In conclusion, there is an interdependence between political regim and system of justice. In Gabon, the current democratization leaded to reform judicial institution and particularly jurisdictions of public law. The latters was marginalised during the former regim and democratic opening has restored them to favour. In return, judges of public law, brough back into their traditional missions, and moreever responsible for news competences, work towards democratization's stability
Boukinda, Agathe. "Relations entre le Gabon et la Guinée équatoriale du temps de Macias Nguema." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040093.
Full textMakinde, J. A. Kayode. "L'islam en pays Yoruba : religion et politique." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D031.
Full textIn these two volumes, several theories both traditional and modern were evoked and analysed in order to determine the origins and the time of the arrival of islam within the geopolitical space of yoruba culture in nigeria - its historical beginnings in the 18th century, its development and its present status. These theories are no doubt controversial and disputed by the various religions and secular ideologies. Three remarkable factors have been particularly determinan in the development of islam: its collaboration and conflits with traditional religion, the tough competition with christianity, and the impact of the collision with the west through colonisation and independence. In conclusion, the main argument of this work is that yoruba islam has been so marked and influenced by these various facteurs as to make its manifestation more tolerant compared to other parts of the country, a rather revealing approach to which is representative of the yoruba approach to religion as a whole
Sawadogo, Souleymane. "Religion et Politique dans l’œuvre d'Eric Weil." Thesis, Lille 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H048.
Full textMidépé, Thierry Aristide. "Le vote au Gabon : lecture du processus électoral à travers les élections législatives et présidentielles, 1946-2001." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30058.
Full textNowaday, political election has become synonymous with democratic political life. In black Africa, heaviness around this institution seems it looks like a game which result is already known. However, is it possible to really undrstand black. Africa without looking back to its roots? Practice inherited from the complicated colonial history, the electoral process knew a long history and various seasons. Keeping in mind its historical dimension, it results that the gabonese specifical situation is central in the political life functioning. The election maintenance and practice in the different political governments to the detriment of freedom rules and economic competition are the evidence of a certain interest in election with regard to other political institutions. The electoral practices logics results complex and some of them don’t permit empirical analysis. When the election role is analysed in the political history of the country, it seens that they represent one of the most important instrument responsible for the long life the leader’s political mandate. To reach this immobilization, the main actors didn’t hesitated to mobilize etnic groups. So, after being, at the beginning, organized and controled by the colonizer, the elections were devoted to political authoritarianism when the country was proclamed independant in 1960. The democratic influence and the coming back of plural elections throw the political scene into confusion and promoted the emergence of african democratic exemples. In Gabon, this hope seems to dwindle away faced with the death throes of the national opposition and with the hegemony of the former single party and both announce the single party is coming back
Makindey, Félix-Andy. "Le personnel gouvernemental gabonais 1968-1981 : approche prosopographique d'une élite politique." Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30060.
Full textPresident Bongo reaches the Supreme Office at the age of thirty two, the 2nd December 1967, in a country crossed by ethnolinguistic pluralism with political families already made up. (MBA's presidential and families of old political tradition). Add to that the greatest lack of qualified senior executives. In a context of single party, in which the weakness of the legislative power benefits to the executive one, this requirement in human resources is multiplied by twoRegarding to endogenous (geopolitical) and exogenic (freemasonry) factors, what are the factors which found the government's membership from 25th of January 1968 to 22nd of August 1981? Which capital the chosen of the government office's duty has at his disposal? Has the colonizer formed an elite to succeed him? How is the redistribution of government posts made during these thirteen years? In which point of view President Bongo is registered to manage the political heritage which his predecessor left to him ? On the basis of the double partition which founds his action : the consolidation of his power and the realization of the national unity; does President Bongo opt for the break or the continuity with the previous regimen ? To give answers to those questions, we have chose prosopography as support of our analysis. These approach endeavours the study of Gabonese governmental institution through people who make it
Lekoulekissa, Rodrigue. "L'électrication du Gabon, 1935-1985 : stratégies, mutations et limites." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10038.
Full textOssima, Metou Hugues N. "Représentations sociales, attitudes envers la sphère politique et abstention électorale : un regard psychosocial des comportements électoraux au Gabon." Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0041.
Full textThe theoretical perspective of social representations is an alternative approach to the dominant models of human and social sciences (political science, sociology, economics, geography, etc.) that explain voting patterns. The study focused on political behavior: abstaining. This behavior is commonly practiced by individuals in Gabon, is still the subject of some scientific work. However, the few researchers who have addressed the issue have made the assumption that this behavior was a response to the political aberrations of citizens in this country. To empirically test this hypothesis, the objective of our study was to explore the socialrepresentations and attitudes expressed towards politics and their links with the electoral abstention in Gabon, on the assumption that affective components of social representations can be evaluated from the own attitudes tools. In the literature there are proven relationships in other fields of research, these three concepts (social perception, attitude and behavior). It was therefore possible to assume that social representations are sociocognitive tank or attitudes take shape (Moliner, 1997; Rateau, 2000 Sales-Wuillemin, 2004; and Bengamaschi, 2011) to determine the behavior. We put to the test, in this thesis, the hypothesis that electoral abstention in Gabon is the con-sequence of the activation and / or updating of negative images that people have of politicians and electionsthis country. To this end, our research which was conducted under an exploratory theoretical configuration had a double objective.Initially, a pre- survey was conducted among a sample of eighty-one (91) young neighborhood residents (6) Libreville, Gabon. The objective was to know the image that they had of the country's political sphere. Data were collected using free associations (technical evocations prioritized normal context and context substitution) with words as stimuli: politicians from the ruling majority, politicians of the opposition, political elections. And, they were treated with prototypical analyzes. Secondly, a questionnaire survey was conducted among a sample of experimental two hundred and eighteen (218) students of the University Omar Bongo, whose objective was totest a theoretical model that would verify link between attitudes towards politics and electoral abstention in presidential and legislative elections. The questionnaire was composed of several separate parts. A collection of attitudes to the political sphere, built from the dictionary of opinions extracted from the pre- investigation and questions about voting behavior, politicization, party identification, gender and courses of study. The main results of the preliminary survey showed that respondents represented policy in Gabon through these aberrations. This negative image of politics has declined in three dimensions with a strong resonance with the Gabonese political news: an ethical dimension, a mystical- religious dimension and a dimension criminality / perversions. Similarly, young people surveyed do not have an image of the politicians of the most rewarding opposition to the image they have of politicians from the ruling majority. Instead, the Gabonese political class is seen as "a whole". Finally, as to the main results of the investigation, it appears that individuals surveyed have a very negative attitude towards the sphere of politics, and it was very dependent on thenegative attitude towards the politicians of the ruling majority. The results showed ultimately relatively modest relationship between certain items of representational world of politics (ritual crimes, Freemasons / sects, liars, frauds) and behaviors voters during the presidential and legislative elections. This thesis has shown that voters - citizens also possessed, beyond the classic variables,belief systems (social cognition) of the political sphere which encourage them in their decision-election decision or policy choices