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1
Obiedat, Ahmad Z. "Uṣūl al-fiqh hermeneutics as reflected on the debate on human cloning : a critical analysis of contemporary Islamic legal discourse". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79968.
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This thesis discusses the prohibition of human cloning in contemporary Islamic legal discourse, which relies on two distinct doctrines: the first seeks support in the Qur'anic text, while the second depends on method of utilitarian legal hermeneutics (al-istiṣlaḥ ). These doctrines are examined by comparing them to the method that contemporary Islamic legal discourse adopts, namely, uṣul al-fiqh. When this is done, a discrepancy emerges in the first doctrine that traces this prohibition back to the text of revelation, which in turn requires further clarification of the foundations of hermeneutics in uṣul al-fiqh---identified here as textual and legislative consistency. For this, Shaṭibi's theory of maqaṣid al-sharī'ah offers one of the most reliable bases for the hermeneutics to evaluate the second doctrine. The methodological venture in this thesis aims at criticizing the current methodology while at the same time offering a justified approach to hermeneutics in contemporary Islamic legal discourse and in the case of human cloning.
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Smith, Sally Lynn. "Religion in the United Nations (UN) political declarations on HIV & AIDS : an interdisciplinary, critical discourse analysis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30615/.
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This interdisciplinary cultural studies research uses critical discourse analysis to review the four political declarations on HIV & AIDS adopted by the United Nations in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016. Religion is implicated in the tensions and conflicts around issues of HIV and sexual and reproductive health and rights in the negotiations that hinders consensus, resulting in compromises and omissions in the texts. The research identifies four dominant discourses in the declarations and an additional two in the wider HIV response of relevance to these tensions; a public health, biomedical discourse; a human rights, gender equality and community engagement discourse; political discourses of leadership and national sovereignty; and a traditional religio-cultural discourse. In the wider HIV response a broader religious discourse and secularist discourse are evident but missing from the text of the declarations. This critical discourse analysis of the declarations investigates how the discourses interact in the text; how the traditional religio-cultural discourse influences the text; what is missing from the final text; and reasons for the gaps. Close textual analysis of the declarations identifies tension between the public health, human rights/gender equality discourses and the traditional religio-cultural and national sovereignty discourses. The traditional religio-cultural discourse operates to limit public health and rights-based approaches to HIV prevention and frames women and girls as passive victims, without agency to exercise their rights. When compared against UNAIDS strategies as a standard, the declarations are missing commitments to address the risks of key populations to HIV. Missing also is reference to any contributions the faith community brings to the epidemic. The broad religious discourse includes supportive approaches to public health, human rights and gender equality, with the potential to bridge gaps in the negotiations. The traditional religious discourse is implicated in gaps in the text on key populations and rights. The dominance of secularism at the UN is implicated in exclusion of the broad religious discourse. While obstacles around rights-based approaches to HIV prevention and key populations persist, common ground and synergies between the discourses exist. Recommendations include: to ask new questions at the UN about the role secularism plays that may increase space for conservative voices to operate; seeking new ways of working to bridge some of the gaps; and including different perspectives that have the potential to bridge the gaps and open up new ways to achieve consensus.
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Foung, Kin Wai Dennis. "A critical discourse analysis of political speeches." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/979.
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Martínez, Kerstin Cielito Nathalie. "The Russian religious-governmental relation through media representation : A critical discourse analysis." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-229779.
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The thesis is a contribution to the analysis of media representation through the use of critical discourse analysis of twelve English written articles by Russian and international media sources. The articles were chosen in relation to the unauthorised Pussy Riot protest in the Cathedral in Moscow back in February 2012, and the societal changes that have taken place thereafter. The analysed articles have been written and published between February 2012 and January 2014. The aim with the study is to see how media sources from different geographical backgrounds described the same events and news.
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Brokensha, Steven. "Psychosocial discourse and the "new" reproductive technologies : a critical analysis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14320.
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Bibliography: leaves 47-53.<br>The "new" reproductive technologies (NRTs) have gathered substantial momentum in recent years. 'Psychological' discourse on these techniques has tended towards uncritical preoccupation with intra-individual, constitutional factors, and has ignored the sociocultural, political and economic contexts of these practices. Within an inter-disciplinary, social-constructionist framework, this study presents a feminist critique of the NRTs in which they are argued to be biopsychosocially noxious to women. Modern biomedicine's appropriation and ownership of infertility as "disease" is argued to be consistent with the agendas of capitalism and patriarchy. Results of fieldwork within a particular medical setting are presented to develop a hermeneutic of the discursive interface between medical gatekeepers and the applicant 'patients' with whom they negotiate treatment. In a concluding section a dominant theme in gatekeepers' talk, "the well-being of the child", is ideologically analyzed; women-centered strategies are briefly discussed; and implications for the interface between psychology and reproductive technology are drawn.
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Provencher, Laura Elizabeth. "A Critical Analysis of the Islamic Discourse of Interfaith Dialogue." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193449.
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This thesis presents a critical analysis of the contemporary Islamic discourse of interfaith dialogue (IFD) founded on normative examinations of the Qur'an and hadith. Expanding from this baseline, theories of religious universalism and particularism are engaged as well as underlying themes of humanism, social stability, and acceptance of God's will. These are further placed along a Dove-Hawk framework to demonstrate the patterns underlying interpretations regarding the legitimacy of IFD in situations of conflict. It examines the writings and speeches of nine recent and contemporary Muslim intellectual-activists scholars. This analysis reveals a fragmented discourse, which is generally supportive of IFD, and indicates limits to the religious legitimization of IFD during Christian-Muslim hostilities.
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Ndenguino-Mpira, Hermanno. "Interrogating China’s approach to relations with sub-Saharan Africa in official documents (2000-2010) through critical discourse analysis." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85732.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: China‘s rise as an economic superpower has had important consequences for its relations with African countries over the past 10-15 years. Not only were these relations thoroughly reviewed and significantly increased, but China also adopted a new cooperation policy that its administration describes as being based on mutual benefits and win-win economic collaboration. However, there is a sceptical public opinion in Africa and also in some developed countries about China‘s current engagement with African countries, and in particular with countries from the sub-Saharan region. In fact, China is frequently accused of acting as a new colonizing power and of increasing its relations with African countries simply as a strategy to achieve higher power-politics status and to structure a new global economic order.
The present study addresses the question of whether China‘s official discourse about its relations with sub-Saharan African countries from 2000 to 2010 contains any grounds for the sceptical public opinion mentioned above. In more concrete terms, the main objective of the study is to determine from a linguistic perspective, and more specifically from a critical discourse analysis point of view, whether there are any overt or covert messages of power and ideology in China‘s discourse to sub-Saharan African countries which could justify the sceptical public opinion about China‘s current engagement in this part of the continent .
The texts representing China‘s discourse about its relations with sub-Saharan African countries that are examined for this study comprise official speeches, statements, and other related official documents delivered by Chinese officials in the period 2000-2010, and published in English on the websites of various institutions, including China‘s official websites. These texts are examined from within the framework of the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) as set out by, specifically, Wodak (2001a). The texts are analysed using the DHA three-dimensional procedure consisting of (i) identifying the Content(s) and Topic(s) of the specific discourse, (ii) investigating the discursive strategies used in the specific texts, and (iii) analysing the linguistic means and the specific context-dependent linguistic realizations.
On the one hand, the analysis of the Discourse Topics indicates that the relations between China and sub-Saharan African countries are grounded in China‘s pluralist approach to international affairs. From this perspective, then, it could be argued that China‘s current engagement in sub-Saharan Africa does not warrant the sceptical public opinion mentioned earlier. On the other hand, however, the analysis of the discursive strategies used to represent China and sub-Saharan African countries, indicates that such sceptisism is likely warranted.
The relations between China and African countries have predominantly been investigated from economic and political perspectives. However, the manner in which these relations are expressed, implied, negotiated, interpreted, distributed, etc. in discourse has not yet received any systematic attention. The present study was therefore undertaken to contribute, from a linguistic perspective, to the knowledge of and the debate about China‘s current engagement in Africa.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: China se opgang as ‘n ekonomiese supermoondheid het belangrike gevolge gehad vir sy betrekkinge met Afrikalande oor die afgelope 10-15 jaar. China het hierdie betrekkinge deeglik hersien en beduidend uitgebrei, en het daarby ook ‘n nuwe samewerkingsbeleid aanvaar wat volgens sy administrasie gegrond is op wedersydse voordele en wen-wen ekonomiese samewerking. Daar is nietemin ‘n skeptiese openbare mening in Afrika en ook in sommige ontwikkelde lande oor China se huidige verbintenis met Afrikalande, en in die besonder met lande van die sub-Sahara streek. Trouens, China word gereeld daarvan beskuldig dat hy optree soos ‘n nuwe koloniale moondheid, en dat sy verhoogde betrekkinge met Afrikalande bloot ‘n strategie is om groter magspolitieke status te bekom en om ‘n nuwe globale ekonomiese struktuur daar te stel.
Die huidige studie fokus op die vraag of China se amptelike diskoers oor sy betrekkinge met sub-Sahara Afrikalande vanaf 2000 tot 2010 enige gronde bied vir die genoemde skeptiese openbare mening. In meer konkrete terme, is die hoofoogmerk van die studie om vanuit ‘n taalwetenskaplike perspektief, en meer spesifiek vanuit die oogpunt van kritiese diskoersanalise, vas te stel of China se diskoers met sub-Sahara Afrika enige overte of koverte boodskappe van mag en ideologie bevat wat kan dien as regverdiging vir die skeptiese openbare mening oor China se huidige betrokkenheid in hierdie deel van die kontinent.
In die studie word ‘n verskeidenheid tekste ontleed wat verteenwoordigend is van China se diskoers oor sy betrekkinge met sub-Sahara Afrikalande. Dié tekste sluit amptelike toesprake, verklarings en verwante dokumente van Chinese amptenare in wat gelewer is in die tydperk 2000-2010, en wat in Engels gepubliseer is op die webwerwe van verskeie instellings, insluitend China se amptelike webwerwe. Die tekste word ondersoek binne die raamwerk van die Diskoers-Historiese Benadering (DHB) soos uiteengesit in, spesifiek, Wodak (2001a). Die analise van die tekste volg die DHB se drie-dimensionele prosedure, wat die volgende inhou: (i) identifisering van die Inhoud(e) en Onderwerp(e) van die spesifieke diskoers, (ii) analise van die diskursiewe strategieë wat gebruik word in die spesifieke tekste, en (iii) analise van die talige middele en die spesifieke konteks-afhanklike talige realiserings.
Aan die een kant dui die analise van die Diskoers Onderwerpe daarop dat die betrekkinge tussen China en sub-Sahara Afrikalande gebaseer is op China se pluralistiese benadering tot internasionale sake. Vanuit hierdie perspektief kan daar dus geargumenteer word dat China se huidige betrokkenheid in sub-Sahara Afrika nie gronde bied vir die skeptiese openbare mening wat hierbo genoem is nie. Aan die ander kant, egter, dui die analise van die diskursiewe strategieë wat aangewend word in die voorstelling van China en sub-Sahara Afrikalande daarop dat daar waarskynlik wel gronde is vir sulke skeptisisme.
Die betrekkinge tussen China en Afrikalande is tot dusver merendeels vanuit ekonomiese en politieke perspektiewe ondersoek. Die wyse waarop sulke betrekkinge uitgedruk, geïmpliseer, onderhandel, geïnterpreteer, versprei, ens. word in diskoers, is egter nog nie sistematies ondersoek nie. Die huidige studie is gevolglik onderneem om, vanuit ‘n taalwetenskaplike perspektief, ‘n bydrae te lewer tot die kennis van en die debat oor China se huidige betrokkenheid in Afrika.
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Hamlet, Janice Denise. "Religious discourse as cultural narrative : a critical analysis of the rhetoric of African-American sermons." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1273253048.
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Hamlet, Janice D. "Religious discourse as cultural narrative : a critical analysis of the rhetoric of African-American sermons /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487673114115347.
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Curci-Wallis, Annabell. "How Facebook Comments Reflect Certain Characteristics Of Islamophobia: A Critical Discourse Analysis." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384591.
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This study is a contribution to the limited knowledge of how different types of media content (about Muslims and extremism) posted and shared on Facebook might influence corresponding user comments. Through analyzing the discourse of user comments this study aims to identify how comments might reflect certain characteristics of Islamophobia, and to which themes in Facebook posts commentators relate to the most. The linguistic analysis is guided by the use of critical discourse analysis. For the purpose of this study, three different types of articles/video and the corresponding comments are analyzed. Two of the articles/video that I will analyze are from unreliable media sources, and one of the articles is from a credible media source. The linguistic analysis showed that the majority of commentators expressed that they believe the claims made in the articles/video about Muslims and extremism are true. The discourse analysis further showed, the majority of articles/video and the majority of the analyzed corresponding comments reflected the [in the study] defined characteristics of Islamophobia. My findings confirmed similar studies done in the past.
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曾宇新 and Y. S. Tsang. "Ideology and curriculum: a critical analysis of school administrators' discourse." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31679353.
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Bernard, Taryn. "Justificatory discourse of the perpetrator in TRC testimonies : a discourse-historical analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1571.
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Thesis (MA (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>This study investigates the ways in which former South African Police (SAP) perpetrators of
human rights violations justify their criminal actions in testifying before the Amnesty
Committee (AC) of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). In
particular, attention goes to the testimonies of former Commissioner of Police Johan van der
Merwe, and former member of the Security Branch section of the SAP, Jeffrey Benzien. A key
assumption in the study is that the justification of human rights violations is a discursive
practice that is largely language dependent (Reisigl & Wodak 200: xi).
The research draws on the theoretical aims and methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA).
It refers largely to Benke and Wodak’s (2003) discourse–historical study on the justificatory
discourse of ex-Wehrmacht officers of the Austrian army. This study therefore takes a
discourse-historical approach to discourse and the data, an approach which takes into
consideration the surrounding political and historical context of the selected texts, which are, in
this case, the testimonies of perpetrators at the AC hearings. Besides an analysis of the
justificatory discourses produced by two former police officers, the study reflects on how the
discursive strategies of the apartheid perpetrators compare with one another and with the ex-
Wehrmacht officers.
CDA and the discourse-historical approach provide interdisciplinary angles on linguistic
analysis of a text. For this reason, a review is given of literature which relates the study to
political, historical and philosophical insights. The analysis particularly makes use of Foster et
al.’s (2005) socio-political study of apartheid perpetrator narratives.
The study reveals that perpetrators used a fixed set of justificatory discursive strategies to talk
about human rights violations, and their role in such violations. These linguistic strategies are
used for a number of different reasons, including reducing personal responsibility, avoiding
talking about past atrocities, saving face where personal malicious and degenerate behaviour is
made public and diverting feelings of personal guilt. On a discourse theoretical level the study
eventually convinces that there are generic strategies typically used in justificatory discourse,
whether it be in response to Wehrmacht atrocities of the Second World War or to security force
excesses in repressing aspirations of disenfranchised citizens during the last thirty years of the
Nationalist government in South Africa.
Some stories don’t want to be told.
They walk away, carrying their suitcases
held together with grey string.
Look at their disappearing curved spines.
Hunch-backs. Harmed ones. Hold alls.
Some stories refuse to be danced or mimed,
drop their scuffed canes
and clattering tap-shoes,
erase their traces in nursery rhymes
or ancient games like blind man’s bluff.
Excerpt from “Parts of Speech”
by Ingrid de Kok
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Soares, Cláudia Gonçalves. "Aspects of the image of Santa Catarina in travel advertisements : a critical discourse analysis /." Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77387.
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Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T03:39:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-09T00:08:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
138252.pdf: 5083166 bytes, checksum: d3680fe90a989b685ee2872d642303f4 (MD5)
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Mitchell, Leslie Roy. "Discourse and the oppression of nonhuman animals: a critical realist account." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003951.
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This work examines the use of nonhuman animals in the farming industry and seeks to understand why this practice takes place and what supports its continuation. The research is approached from a critical realist perspective and after a description of past and current practices in the industry, it uses abduction and retroduction to determine the essential conditions for the continuation of the phenomenon of nonhuman animal farming. One essential condition is found to be the existence of negative discourses relating to nonhuman animals and this aspect is examined in more detail by analyzing a corpus of texts from a farming magazine using Critical Discourse Analysis. Major discourses which were found to be present were those of production, science and slavery which construct the nonhumans respectively as objects of scientific investigation, as production machines and as slaves. A minor discourse of achievement relating to the nonhumans was also present. Further analysis of linguistic features examined the way in which the nonhumans are socially constructed in the discourses. Drawing on work in experimental psychology by Millgram, Zimbardo and Bandura it was found that the effects of these discourses fulfil many of the conditions for bringing about moral disengagement in people thus explaining why billions of people are able to support animal farming in various ways even though what happens in the phenomenon is contrary to their basic ethical and moral beliefs.
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Mushwana, Tinyiko. "A critical discourse analysis of representations of the Niger Delta conflict in four prominent Western anglophone newspapers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007745.
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This thesis explores the manner in which the conflict in the oil-rich Niger Delta in Nigeria is represented in western Anglophone media. Large oil reserves in the Niger Delta have contributed millions of dollars towards the growth of Nigeria's export economy. Despite this, the Niger Delta is the least developed region in the country and is characterised by high rates of inequality. Residents of the Niger Delta have been outraged by the lack of action on the part of the Nigerian government and multinational oil corporations. Their discontent over the inequalities in the region has resulted in the proliferation of armed groups and militants who often use violent and criminal tactics to communicate their disgruntlement. This thesis closely examines the representations of the violent insurgency in the Niger Delta by conducting a Critical Discourse Analysis of 145 news texts selected from four western Anglophone newspapers from 2007 to 2011. The depiction of the conflict as it appears in the four newspapers is discussed in relation to an overview of scholarly literature which explores the portrayal of Africa not only in western media, but also in other forms of western scholarship and writing. The research undertaken in this study reveals that to a significant extent representations of the Niger Delta conflict echo and reflect some of the stereotypical and age-old negative imagery that informs meanings constructed about the African continent. However, the analysis of the news texts also shows that there are certainly efforts amongst some newspapers to move beyond simplistic representations of the conflict. The disadvantage however, is that these notable attempts tend to be marred by the use of pejorative language which typically invokes negative images associated with Africa. This study argues that the implications of these representations are highly significant as these representations not only affect the way in which the conflict is understood, but also the manner in which the international community responds to it.
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Lindahl, Julia. "Shaping social and political identity : A critical discourse anlysis of the Bharatiya Janta Party." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397751.
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This research paper uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyse texts produced by the political party Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in India. The analysis use Machin and Mayr’s (2012) concepts of Language and Identity and Nominalisation and Presupposition with the aim to understand how the BJP can influence the democratic society in India through discourse. The texts analysed was taken from BJPs website and from parts of their 2014 manifesto. The theoretical framework and literature review are built on the role of Hinduism in the democratization of India. In this research, Hinduism act as an important factor in defining identity in India and Hindutva as an important factor in defining identity for the BJP. The analysis concludes that when looking at identity, the BJP demonstrate that their texts can have both a positive and a negative effect on the democracy in India. The BJP strongly use ‘India First’ to state that they want to unify the country under one identity and similarities can be drawn to their previous use of ‘Hindutva’. By promoting ‘India First’ the BJP includes a large audience and a somewhat tolerant outlook by stating to include all castes and ethnicities. However, the analysis demonstrates that their strong promotion of ‘India First’ conceal who is responsible to uphold this identity and that in turn could affect the tolerance in society. The analysis also shows that their definition of ‘India First’ is left vague and this can conceal certain interest. Their use of ‘India First’ as an identity can lead to a fear that everything that does not belong under this category is a threat. This combined with the diffuse definition of what ‘India First’ mean can have a negative effect on the pluralistic and tolerant society that was needed for India to transform to a democracy. The research also explores whether the strong promotion of ‘India First’ can be compared to a religious or spiritual movement and touch upon the implications that could follow from that.
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Apostolis, Juanita Joleen. "A critical analysis of Global Warning coverage in the National Geographic (2000-2010)." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1607.
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National Geographic is a magazine that inspires people to care about the planet through its articles of exploration, education, and conservation. Magazines are a significant source of knowledge and compete with a variety of other media, constantly rethinking where they can improve in comparison to other media. Research in this dissertation shows that some magazines offer high quality imagery for artwork, photos and advertisements, which remains critical for industries and readers. They often offer greater depth than radio, TV, or even newspapers, so that people interested in an analysis of news and events still depend on magazines for informative and general news. People often turn to media—such as television, newspapers, magazines, radio, and Internet—to help them make sense of the many complexities relating to environmental science and governance that (un)consciously shape our lives. Global warming, as a subject, demands both political and personal responses in all parts of the world, and effective decision making at both scales depends on timely, accurate information, according to Shanahan (2009:145). The quality and quantity of journalism about climate change will therefore be key in the coming years. National Geographic comprises a variety of themes, such as environment, science, wildlife, travel and photography. This study is an analysis of the writing and photography related to one theme - global warming. It provides a critical analysis of the coverage of the global warming discourse in one magazine, examined over an eleven-year period from 2000 to 2010. This theme is powerful in that it represents ethical responsibility and concern for nature and our world and the analysis attempts to define the objects of discourse within the coverage, thus, evaluating if the format of the coverage informs and educates the audience about global warming.
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Saeed, Aziz T. "The pragmatics of codeswitching from Fusha Arabic to Aammiyyah Arabic in religious-oriented discourse." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1063206.
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This study investigated the pragmatics of codeswitching from FuSHa Arabic, the high variety of Arabic (FA), to Aammiyyah Arabic, the low variety or vernacular (AmA), in the most formal type of discourse, namely religious-oriented discourse.The study posited the following five hypotheses:1) CS occurs with considerable frequency in religious discourse; 2) these switches are communicatively purposeful; 3) frequency of CS is related to the linguistic make-up of the audience addressed, 4) to the AmA of the speaker, and 5) to the section of the discourse delivered.To carry out the investigation, the researcher analyzed 18 audio and videotapes of religious discourse, delivered by 13 Arabic religious scholars from different Arab countries. Ten of these tapes were used exclusively to show that CS occurs in religious discourse. The other eight tapes were used to investigate the other hypotheses. The eight tapes involved presentations by three of the most famous religious scholars (from Egypt, Kuwait, and Yemen) delivered 1) within their home countries and 2) outside their home countries.Three of the five hypotheses were supported. It was found that: CS from FA to AmA occurred in religious discourse with considerable frequency; these switches served pragmatic purposes; and the frequency of the switches higher in the question/answer sections than in the lecture sections.Analysis showed that codeswitches fell into three categories: iconic/rhetorical, structural, and other. The switches served numerous communicative functions, some of which resemble the functions found in CS in conversational discourse.One finding was the relationship between the content of the message and the attitude of the speaker toward or its source. Generally, what the speakers perceived as [+positive] was expressed by the H code, and whatever they perceived as [-positive] was expressed by the L code. Scrutiny of this exploitation of the two codes indicated that FA tended to be utilized as a means of upgrading, whereas AmA was used as a means of downgrading.<br>Department of English
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Mazumder, Nirjhar. "Constructing Terrorism A Critical Discourse Analysis on the Construction of Terrorism in Bangladeshi English-Language Newspaper Editorials." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-69957.
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Through Critical Discourse analysis, this thesis examined the discursive construction of terrorism related events and finds out the common definiens of terrorism in the editorials of two Bangladeshi English-medium newspaper. The Daily Star & Dhaka Tribune, both the newspapers covered terrorism related events in their editorials throughout the year of 2015. This thesis finds out the discrepancies in the produced expression and in the use of other common definiens of terrorism in the editorials. The newspapers were different in producing expressions against terrorism while sympathetic in portraying the victims and usually supported the victims. Both the newspapers represented perpetrators from ideological perspective, while distancing the ideologies from religious teachings. The newspapers identify terrorism as a serious threat both to security, social stability and perceives terrorist attacks as a threat to many crucial democratic values. In light of the problem, the newspapers suggested various policy recommendation, criticized the law enforcement for failures and emphasized on the engagement of religious clerics to curb terrorism from a Bangladeshi perspective, while stressing on the promotion of secular values of the country and its society.
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Castineira, Benítez Teresa Aurora. "Exploring political, institutional and professional discourses in Mexico: a critical, multimodal approach." Australia : Macquarie University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/70422.
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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Linguistics, 2009.<br>Bibliography: p. 210-223.<br>General introduction -- A multimodal analysis of the 2006 Mexican presidential campaign billboards -- Study 2: Discourses of obligation and prohibition within an institutional setting -- Study 3: Gatekeeping practices at the LEMO: a multimodal analysis -- General conculsions.<br>This is a thesis composed of three studies linked by a common critical multimodal approach to the analysis of the data. Fairclough's (1992, 1995) three-dimensional framework was drawn on in order to explore the social practice, discursive practice and text dimensions of the discourses in question. The first two studies focus on printed texts in Mexican Spanish, whereas the third study addresses spoken interaction in English with occasional code switching to Spanish. -- Study 1: A Multimodal Analysis of the 2006 Mexican Presidential Campaign Billboards - This is a joint study (with my colleague Michael Witten and approved by my supervisor and the Department of Linguistics at Macquarie) which analyzes the political discourse of the multimodal and multisemiotic texts that the three major political parties involved in the 2006 Mexican presidential elections produced and extensively distributed through the medium of public billboards. We investigate how these parties express their particular ideologies, construct and convey social identities and relationships, and construct relations of power between themselves and the readers/viewers of these texts, through the medium of billboards. As indicated in the preamble, the methodological framework addresses these issues drawing on Fairclough's (1992, 1995) three-dimensional model of analysis while employing a variety of qualitative techniques, tools, and approaches. -- Study 2: Discourses of obligation and prohibition within an institutional setting - Following the theme of multimodal critical discourse analysis, this study examines the institutionalized discourses of obligation and prohibition at the Library of the Language Faculty (LEMO)*of a public university in Mexico. Six different texts pertaining to various genres ranging from a protocol to notices were examined. Multiple qualitative methodologies and tools such as those drawn from ethnography, critical discourse analysis, and systemic functional linguistics are utilized in the analysis of the data. Power relations between the institution and the library users are examined as well as the conditions of text production and reception, the latter through an ethnographic component. An emphasis is placed on the linguistic text. -- Study 3: Gatekeeping practices at the LEMO - This study investigates one of the gatekeeping practices at the Language Faculty of a public university in Mexico (see above). The particular practice concerned consists of the professional examinations (vivas) that students have to take in order to obtain their degrees of 'Licenciatura en Lenguas Modernas' (BEd in Modern Languages) in the English Teaching section of the university. This study focuses on the professional discourse(s) utilized by both candidates and examiners by means of analyzing the texts of four recorded professional examinations. This study chiefly draws on Goffman's (1959) dramaturgical concepts of 'frontstage' and 'backstage', where the analysis of the frontstage work addresses the Question-and-Answer section of the examinations, and the analysis of the backstage work addresses the subsequent deliberations among the examiners concerning the performance of the candidates. Multiple qualitative methodologies and tools are again drawn upon, such as ethnographic analysis, interactional sociolinguistics and critical discourse analysis. (* Facultad de Lenguas)<br>Mode of access: World Wide Web.<br>xii, 233 p. : ill. (some col.)
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Eddleman, Libby Jean. "Protecting Patriarchy: an Historical/Critical Analysis of Promise Keepers, an All-Male Social Movement." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278756/.
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The historical survey of social movements in the United States reveals that the movement is a rhetorical ground occupied by groups who have been marginalized by society. Today, however, the distinctions between those who are marginalized and those who are part of the establishment have become difficult to distinguish. This study considers the emergence of Promise Keepers, an all-male social movement, and the rhetorical themes that emerge from the group. This study identifies five rhetorical themes in Promise Keepers. These themes include asserting authority of men in the home and church, the creation of a new male identity, sports and war rhetoric, political rhetoric, and racial reconciliation. The implications of these themes are considered from a critical perspective and areas for future research are provided.
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Albhaisi, Nancy. "Constructing an imagined path to peace during conflict : a critical discourse analysis of human rights education in Gaza, Palestine." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2017. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17435/.
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Human Rights Education (HRE) for Palestinian refugees in Gaza Strip is integrated in a context where history, culture and collective memory are priorities in the local discourses of right-hood and justice. Palestinian learners are citizens of a non-recognized imagined community, existing through the processes of collective remembering, and the local discourses on rights. This study examines UNRWA’s special HRE curriculum for Palestinian refugees in Gaza Strip. I analyse UNRWA’s HRE policy and a sample of secondary level textbooks. This results in forming my original contribution to the field of human rights and HRE in a context of conflict. That is giving voice to a “collective” counter-hegemonic response to UNRWA’s model of HRE, which marginalizes the local discourse of right-hood. Collective, not in the sense of generalization, but in recognition of Palestinians’ legal and political status, which is a major obstacle for human rights and HRE in the context of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. For this, I use qualitative document analysis and a dialectical-relational approach to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine the materials in relation to the wider geo-political and socio-cultural context. The research outcomes reveal that UNRWA promotes a discourse of Human Rights, Conflict Resolution and Tolerance (HRCRT) through a model of HRE which promotes a standardized culture of human rights. The study suggests that, at the level of conflict resolution, UNRWA’s discourse of HRCRT overlooks vital political and legal issues that hinder HRE in Gaza Strip. The curriculum is highly de-politicized and knowledge-based that it prescribes a de-contextualized curriculum, which represents the world as it “ought to be” rather than what “it is”. Therefore, the study argues that the way forward for HRE resides in directly addressing the complex components of the conflict and acknowledging the importance of the local discourses and collective memory for HRE for Palestinians.
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Xie, Xiaojian. ""Words Must Mean Something" : A Critical Discourse Analysis of Some Aspects of Ideational Meaning in a Japanese Newspaper Editorial." 名古屋大学大学院国際言語文化研究科, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17877.
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Al-Kooheji, Lamya Abdulmajeed Mohammed. "Discursive strategies used by political parties in the Bahraini Council of Representatives : a critical discourse analysis of religious ideologies in politic language." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10642.
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This study attempts to present the relations between discourse and ideology in debates taking place in the Bahraini Council of Representatives. It uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) and the Sociocognitive Approach (SCA) to ground the theoretical claims in the idea that Shiite members of parliament (MPs) in the Bahraini Council of Representatives employ discursive strategies differently from Sunni MPs. To test this hypothesis, the research aims first to observe whether, and if so how, the Sunni parties and the Shiite party employ discursive devices and strategies differently to achieve three ideological goals: attempting to gain political advantage discursively in parliamentary debates on topics related to dissent control and political freedom; manoeuvring the definitions of self and others in the contexts of dissent control and political rights; and manipulating the law to support one’s party’s and/or sectarian affiliation’s ideological stances about dissent-controlling laws and the definition of political freedom and political rights. The second aim of the research is to explore whether and how the use of discursive devices and strategies reflects the sectarian ideological conflict in Bahrain. The research critically analyses excerpts on dissent control and personal freedom from the Hansard of the Bahraini Council of Representatives. The research first marks discursive devices used by MPs. It then identifies discursive strategies. The research detects three major discursive strategies that are fulfilled by using the devices and called them ‘corroborating by information’; ‘intensifying grievance’; and ‘centralising pride and dignity’. The analysis shows that some discursive devices are used more intensively, though not exclusively, under certain strategies. The research also notes that the Shiite party, Al Wefaq, employs the strategy of intensifying grievance more often than other strategies. The Al Wefaq members demonstrate more tendency toward objecting than do the other parties to the dissent control in Bahrain. The research relates this tendency to the ideologies of Shi’ism as a religious and political institution that heavily relies on the ideology of protest and the feeling of injustice and discrimination. Finally, the research provides a preview of the use of identified strategies during the unrest that started in Bahrain in February 2011.
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Pyle, Maurine Hebert. "CONTEMPORARY QUAKER USE OF METAPHOR." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1534.
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This qualitative sociolinguistic study focuses on the contemporary usage of metaphor in religious speech among North American Quakers of the Religious of Society of Friends with a particular emphasis on the two historical metaphors of Light and Dark. Beginning with the 20th century, a diverse religious population has been steadily arising in Quaker meetings including many non-Christians. Individual American Quakers are currently choosing a variety of spiritual and/or religious identities and practices ranging from Evangelical or mystical forms of Christianity to Neo-paganism and Non-theism. Thus, the traditional meanings of these metaphors, which were rooted in biblical passages, are changing. This study is based primarily upon six in-depth interviews which provide a sample of a variety of religious viewpoints on the experiential usage of the metaphors of Light and Dark to embody spiritual feelings in worship. These two metaphors are embedded in many religious practices making them central to religious experience. Although Critical Discourse Analysis is used as the primary lens for investigation, the theories of Sapir, Whorf, Lakoff and Johnson also provide an additional basis for analysis. Additionally, a corpus which demonstrates collocations of the metaphors of Light and Dark has been created from archives of Early Friends' journals of the 17th century and compared to the writings of contemporary American Quakers.
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Ubisi, L. L. "Nkucetelo wa vukriste eku vumbeni ka swimunhuhatwa swa vavasati eka matsalwa ya Sasavona hi D.C. Marivate na Ri Xile hi S.B. Nxumalo." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2362.
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Thesis (M.A.(African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013<br>The main aim of this study is to examine the way in which women are explored and explained by authors with special reference to Xitsonga novels, Ri xile by S.B. Nxumalo and Sasavona by D.C. Marivate. The first chapter reveals the general outline of the study, the problem statement, the aim, the importance and its methodology. The most important terms of the study has been explained in this chapter so as to reveal what is expected to be analyzed. Chapter two gives short summary of the novels Sasavona by D.C. Marivate and Ri xile by S.B. Nxumalo which have been examined together with the history of their authors. The definitions of the word characters and characterization have been included and defined in this chapter. In this chapter, the novels which have been selected to be analysed have been analysed. Chaper three explains, defines and analysed the themes of selected two novels. The definitions of theme has been given in this chapter. This definitions will make readers to understand what theme is.
Chapter four deals with the setting or milieu of the above mentioned novels.
Chapter five deals with the general summary of this mini-dissertation. The recommendations and recommendations for further research have been indicated in this chapter.
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Emery, Carl John. "The New Labour discourse of Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) across schools in England and Wales as a universal intervention : a critical discourse analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-new-labour-discourse-of-social-and-emotional-learning-sel-across-schools-in-england-and-wales-as-a-universal-intervention-a-critical-discourse-analysis(ba24b8e8-b15f-4b25-99a1-ed1abf4aa8df).html.
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This thesis reports on a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the SEL policy makers’ conversations taking place in England and Wales during the New Labour period. The research sets out to offer a critical explanation of Welsh and English SEL policy thinking and doing and how the SEL policy discourse worked to privilege certain ideas and topics and speakers and exclude others. Thinking with theory and building on the work of Apple (2007) and Ball (2012) I draw on the contemporary tenets of critical theory to examine the (dominant) English and (often subjugated) Welsh discourse(s) to historically locate and contextualise the mainstream SEL literature within the ideological discourse of neoliberalism (Harvey, 2005). This neoliberalism is one which unequivocally drives policy in the direction of markets and propounds a thorough marketization of educational provisions and practices (Lynch, 2006).Drawing on data from a series of eight semi structured interviews with key national level policymakers, alongside documentary analysis, I argue that New Labour in England, particularly in its second term, through a particular policy network and the SEAL programme, adopted SEL as a tool of managerialism designed to shape and govern a self-managing, entrepreneurial, placid subject in the service of the neoliberal economic model. Alternatively I contend that the Welsh assembly adopted SEL as a practical and progressive tool for developing a more equal society and a more egalitarian and democratic modus operandi of social justice (rooted in normative precepts of the collective and of community cohesion). This “Welsh” approach was powerfully intertwined with the devolution programme and notions of the child as a democratic citizen with agency and rights. In both England and Wales this understanding and application of SEL was intimately connected with national identity and notions of nationhood. This work was undertaken using a CDA approach. It employed Fairclough’s Three Dimensional Model (1992) of Critical Discourse Analysis and engaged with the subject and data through the three lenses of text (the written and spoken word), discursive practice (the production, distribution and consumption of the text) and social practice (the wider social, political and economic forces shaping the discourse). By illuminating through CDA the ideologically infused discursive claims to truth and value, which underpinned the rhetoric and substance of the UK (Anglo-centric) Government’s version of SEL in schools and that of the devolved Welsh Government, my findings reveal the broader scale ideas and political-ontological truth claims which drove the development of SEL across England and Wales during the New Labour period; the research therein unveils the implicit but reified notions of childhood and children’s wellbeing which were central to SEL development at both the national and devolved levels; it identifies the unspoken and latent ideological projects which were core to the production of divergent SEL discourses in each of the countries; and finally, it reveals the influence which national tradition, domestic power structures, cross-societal inequities and the subjugation of certain identities have had on the conceptualisation and practical delivery of SEL in England and Wales. The study concludes that the relationship between language and political ideology in England and Wales during the New Labour years powerfully shaped the SEL policy discourse. In England the result of this was a thin version of SEL co-opted into the service of the neoliberal marketplace. In Wales a similar outcome occurred but only after a very different contextualised and transformative version of SEL was relinquished due to the invasive neoliberal forces attacking Welsh education.
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Bradfield, Sarah-Jane. "A critical discourse analysis of the Daily Nation and the Standard’s news coverage of the 2007/2008 Kenyan elections." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63437.
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This study investigates the Daily Nation and Standard’s news coverage of Kenya’s 2007/2008 general election and the unprecedented eruptions of violence which followed. This research responds to the question which came about as Kenyan print journalists and editors considered their role in possibly contributing to the violence, which took on an ethnic dimension. Vernacular radio has been fingered for having escalated longstanding ethnic tensions, but the role of the press has not been fully understood. In the aftermath of the violence, print journalists and editors met over a series of Round Table events in Nairobi to consider whether their conduct during the election could have encouraged violence. Although ten years have passed since this incidence, much of what happened within the Kenyan print media during and after the 2007/2008 general election remains unexplored and, largely, unexplained today. Although the pre- and post-election phases spanned months, my research is confined to purposive samples from a four-week period from 3 December 2007 to 4 January 2008. These four weeks were selected as they are roughly representative of the three phases of the national election which are considered significant to this study, namely the pre-election phase, the election, and the post-election violence. The research is concerned with analysing and understanding the coverage in the two dailies, the Daily Nation and Standard, and comparing the discursive work of the two, particularly in relation to identity and ethnicity. This study draws on cultural studies, critical discourse analysis and normative theories of the media to inform the research project. The critical discourse analysis explores the discourses articulated during and after the election, with a particular focus on issues of identity, ethnicity and incitement. Through this process the study found that both publications avoided references to ethnicity, despite this being an important factor in Kenyan politics and voter behaviour. In analysing these issues the study found that while the publications might claim to attempt to avoid fuelling tensions by not reporting on ethnicity, the disavowal comprised a silence which positioned the press in a collaborative role, in which it colluded with a powerful Kenyan state. Although a significant amount of time has gone by since the 2007/2008 elections, this study still considers the event significant in understanding the conduct of journalists during times of violence, and specifically for the future of journalism in Kenya.
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Sundström, Emma. "Protecting the Cross and Welcoming the Stranger : A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Church of Sweden’s Refugee Work the Year 2017." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323774.
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Through the application of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)— and paying extra attention to the utilization of ideological squaring, actor descriptions, and lexicalization— this thesis aims to discuss the Church of Sweden’s “official” discourse regarding its humanitarian and social engagement with refugees and refugee issues the year 2017. Wherein, the author attempts to discuss what the collected material— from the internet-based function Support migration, and personal semi-structured interviews with Church personnel— can tell one about the Church’s views on its self-identity, social engagement, as well as ecumenical and interreligious relations, in an increasingly diverse Swedish society. Central for this thesis is how ideology functions, and how “us and them” divisions are constructed, within the discourse, regarding the Church’s refugee work. It can be argued that a key finding of this thesis is how the Church’s discourse generally sets itself against popular contemporary categorizations of refugees as threats, in addition to classic “us and them” distinctions that often serve to demonize the religious and cultural other— which have become observable within contemporary debates regarding refugees in the Global North. Instead, it could be argued that, at least regarding these issues, the Church of Sweden provides an alternative and critical voice in these matters. However, “us and them” divisions can still be observable. Where, for instance the “us” of the Church that is presented as a moral force in society— which has a responsibility to guard human dignity— is set in opposition against “them”, which are depicted as external marginalized voices which threaten both its mission and identity.
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Cooper, Valerie Ann. "Ideologies and practices of public diplomacy media outlets : a critical discourse analysis of China Radio International and Voice of America." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/711.
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Countries around the world are increasingly making use of public diplomacy methods in order to advance their interests and garner favour with foreign publics, with the aim of creating 'soft power'. One of the most direct methods of doing such is through state-sponsored media outlets, which serve as government mouthpieces with the ability to speak directly to foreign populations. Such practices have recently gained more attention from Western practitioners and academics due to their increased use by countries like Russia and China, and especially in regards to their increasing media presence around the globe. However, this ignores the fact that countries like the United States have been using such outlets since the mid-1900s in openly propagandistic attempts to 'win hearts and minds. In order to understand the practices and ideologies used by such media outlets in their quest to influence foreign publics and create soft power, this research combines a content analysis with a Discourse-Historical Approach to critical discourse studies of two state-sponsored radio programmes, China Radio International and Voice of America, broadcast in March 2016. Of particular interest is the ideology and tactics used to portray countries such as China, the United States, and other countries into which these programmes are broadcast. The results demonstrate that cultural and media values feature subtly but significantly in these programmes, offering justification for their respective governments' actions, while also being used to condemn actions of other countries. Furthermore, the results reveal a hierarchical approach to coverage of countries, with many countries being reduced to inactive bystanders in global affairs.
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Oyewo, Ayanfeoluwa Olutosin. "Tug of war : a critical discourse analysis of Punch and Daily Trust newspapers' coverage of polio eradication in Nigeria." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017787.
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The resurgence of the polio virus in Nigeria following vaccine rejections poses a severe threat to the total worldwide eradication of polio. Vaccine refusals are a huge problem in Nigeria, especially in the North, which accounts for about 60 percent of polio cases in 2013. These refusals were informed by claims that polio vaccines contained anti-fertility properties that were designed by the ‘West’ to reduce the Muslim population. These claims and subsequent vaccine rejections culminated in the killing of health workers during an immunisation exercise in February 2013. This study is an analysis of the coverage of the polio eradication controversy by two newspapers- Punch and Daily Trust, following the killings of the health workers. Daily Trust is situated in Northern Nigeria, while Punch is situated in the South. The choice of these newspapers is based on the argument by Ayodele (1988) and Omenugha (2004) that the Nigerian press has been accused of escalating tension in the country because they view many aspects of the Nigerian reality from the lenses of religious, political and cultural prejudices. Because it is a text-based study, the chosen research method is Fairclough’s (1995) model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), following a preliminary thematic content analysis. In addition to Fairclough’s model, the study employs textual analytic tools such as narrative analysis and rhetoric/argumentative analysis. The selected texts, which comprise editorials and news stories are analysed based on the themes identified during the thematic content analysis. The study concludes that while the two newspapers differ in their locations and stylistic approach to news, they are similar in their coverage of the polio eradication crisis. They both side with the Federal Government and help perpetuate the South versus North animosity thereby ignoring the intricacies involved in the polio eradication controversy.
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Smith, Sabrina. "APRÈS NOUS, LE DÉLUGE : Conservative media's xenophobic storytelling in the United Kingdom, USA and France." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Religionsbeteendevetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385724.
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Koleva, Zhivka. "Magi, mystik och hälsoriter i teken : Mediarepresentationer av alevism i Bulgarien." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-389709.
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Bojabotseha, Teboho Pankratius. "The use of language by the African National Congress in its 1999-2009 national election manifestos." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86198.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There is more to language than just its formal structural properties and, similarly, more to language function than just its communicative and naming function. Language does not exist independent of society. As a part of society, it is used in a diversity of functions: it influences thought processes, constitutes what people perceive as reality, and produces, reproduces and denies prejudices. It is in pursuit of its ideological function that language plays a significant role in the establishment and maintenance of systematically asymmetrical power relations. This study focuses on the role that language plays in efforts to position the African National Congress (ANC) as more fit to govern than other political parties in South Africa. Adopting a qualitative research strategy, the study provides an analysis of the discourse that is constructed in the ANC’s 1999, 2004 and 2009 national election manifestos. The analysis is presented within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and is performed in terms of linguistic devices, techniques and strategies such as genre and its sequential structure, pronouns, contrasting expressions, intertextuality, grounding and elision, statistics and numerical figures, and discourse. It is demonstrated that the three election manifestos are situated within a specific socio-economic and political context defined by poverty, unemployment and inequality, which are rooted in the South African history of colonialism and race-based capitalism. The texts draw from resources of the genre of manifesto and show common structural features. It is shown that ambiguous pronouns are used to build up affinities between the ANC and the reader/listener with respect to the achievements of the ANC-led government, what work still needs to be done, and to position the ANC’s vision as one that is generally shared by the people. Contrasting expressions are used to disparage the apartheid system and to extol the post-1994 democratic system. In all three texts the ANC is foregrounded as the organization which not only brought freedom to South Africa, but which in fact led the struggle for freedom and change. At the same time, there is an omission of other political organizations and the role they played in this struggle. It is also demonstrated that the three texts constituted by elements of other texts such as the Freedom Charter (1955), the Reconstruction and Development Programme (1994) and the Constitution (1996) use statistics and figures to bestow the ANC with a systematic and scientific gravitas. Lastly, the three manifestos reflect a discourse of “complete” or “total” freedom, which is inclusive of the social, economic and political aspects of the reality of South Africans’ lives. It is argued that these linguistic devices, techniques and strategies are used in the 1999, 2004 and 2009 national election manifestos to position the ANC as more fit to govern South Africa than other political parties.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Taal behels meer as net formele strukturele eienskappe, en die funksies van taal behels eweneens meer as net benaming en kommunikasie. Taal bestaan nie onafhanklik van die gemeenskap nie. As ’n deel van die gemeenskap, word taal in ’n verskeidenheid funksies gebruik: dit beïnvloed denkprosesse, bepaal wat mense beskou as die werklikheid, en dien om vooroordele te skep, te verhoog en te ontken. Dit is in die uitoefening van sy ideologiese funksie dat taal ’n beduidende rol speel in die vestiging en handhawing van sistematies asimmetriese magsverhoudings. Hierdie studie fokus op die rol wat taal speel in pogings om die African National Congress (ANC) te posisioneer as meer geskik om te regeer as ander politieke partye in Suid-Afrika. Met ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingstrategie as uitgangspunt, bied die studie ’n analise van die diskoers wat gekonstrueer word in die ANC se onderskeie manifeste vir die 1999, 2004 en 2009 nasionale verkiesings. Die analise word aangebied binne die raamwerk van Kritiese Diskoersanalise (“Critical Discourse Analysis”) en word uitgevoer in terme van taalkundige meganismes, tegnieke en strategieë soos genre and sy sekwensiële struktuur, voornaamwoorde, teenstellende uitdrukkings, intertekstualiteit, opstelling en weglating (“grounding and elision”), statistieke en getalle, en diskoers. Daar word aangetoon dat die drie verkiesingsmanifeste ingebed is in ’n spesifieke sosio-ekonomiese en politieke konteks van armoede, werkloosheid en ongelykheid, wat gegrond is in die Suid-Afrikaanse geskiedenis van kolonialisme en rasgebaseerde kapitalisme. Die tekste benut die middele van die manifes-genre en vertoon gemeenskaplike strukturele kenmerke. Daar word aangetoon hoe dubbelsinnige voornaam-woorde gebruik word om ’n affiniteit tussen die ANC en die leser/hoorder tot stand te bring ten opsigte van die ANC-regering se prestasies, die werk wat nog gedoen moet word, en ook om die ANC se visie voor te hou as een wat algemeen deur die mense gedeel word. Teenstellende uitdrukkings word gebruik om die apartheidstelsel te verdoem en die post-1994 demokratiese stelsel op te hemel. In al drie tekste word die ANC vooropgestel as die organisasie wat nie net vryheid na Suid-Afrika gebring het nie, maar wat in feite die stryd om vryheid en verandering gelei het. Terselfdertyd word geen melding gemaak van ander politieke organisasies en die rol wat hulle in dié stryd gespeel het nie. Daar word ook aangetoon dat die drie tekste wat verskeie elemente insluit van ander tekste soos die Freedom Charter (1955), die Heropbou- en Ontwikkelingsprogram (“Reconstruction and Development Programme”, 1994) en die Grondwet (1996) gebruik maak van statistieke en getalle om die ANC te bedeel met ’n sistematiese en wetenskaplike gravitas. Die drie manifeste vertoon, laastens, ’n diskoers van “totale” of “volledige” vryheid, wat die sosiale, ekonomiese en politieke aspekte van die werklikheid van Suid-Afrikaners se lewens omvat Daar word geargumenteer dat dié taalkundige meganismes, tegnieke en strategieë in die 1999, 2004 en 2009 verkiesingsmanifeste gebruik word om die ANC te posisioneer as meer geskik om te regeer as ander politieke partye.
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Major, Mary Elizabeth. "War's Visual Discourse| A Content Analysis of Iraq War Imagery." Thesis, Portland State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1535957.
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<p> This study reports the findings of a systematic visual content analysis of 356 randomly sampled images published about the Iraq War in <i>Time, Newsweek,</i> and <i>U.S. News and World Report</i> from 2003-2009. In comparison to a 1995 Gulf War study, published images in all three newsmagazines continued to be U.S.-centric, with the highest content frequencies reflected in the categories U.S. troops on combat patrol, Iraqi civilians, and U.S. political leaders respectively. These content categories do not resemble the results of the Gulf War study in which armaments garnered the largest share of the images with 23%. </p><p> This study concludes that embedding photojournalists, in addition to media economics, governance, and the media-organizational culture, restricted an accurate representation of the Iraq War and its consequences. Embedding allowed more access to both troops and civilians than the journalistic pool system of the Gulf War, which stationed the majority of journalists in Saudi Arabia and allowed only a few journalists into Iraq with the understanding they would share information. However, the perceived opportunity by journalists to more thoroughly cover the war through the policy of embedding was not realized to the extent they had hoped for. The embed protocols acted more as an indirect form of censorship.</p>
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Gortz, Ann-Christin. "Linguistic markers as evidence for cultural awareness : a critical examination of international critiques of a South African dance company." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6840.
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Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.<br>Bibliography<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Viewing cross-cultural dance performances on international tours or as part of international
dance festivals has become common practice all over the world. For critique writers,
choreographers/ dancers and the audience the accessibility of such a diverse variety of dance
has both advantages and disadvantages. Cross-cultural differences in these performances
challenge strategies of viewing and perception which may lead to aesthetic enrichment but
these performances also risk being misunderstood. In dance critique writing, such a
misunderstanding may result in a negative critique projecting, in a worst scenario, negative
prejudices on the respective cultures.
This thesis investigates how attitudes towards, and perceptions of, cultural differences are
reflected in cross-cultural dance critiques, through the use of particular linguistic and stylistic
devices. Analysis strategies deriving from Critical Discourse Analysis and Text Analysis are
used to uncover the critique’s strategies to communicate their evaluation including ways of
persuasion and power. I analyse six critiques from three countries on the performance
Beautiful Me performed on international tours by the Vuyani Dance Theatre from South
Africa. My initial hypothesis is that cultural differences may lead to negative critiques due to
intercultural misunderstanding. Since viewing Performance Art is not only influenced by the
critique writer’s cultural background but also by their perception attitude towards the
performance, the analysis takes perception modes such as a theatre semiotic approach and a
phenomenological approach into consideration.
Interestingly, different perception modes seem to have a greater impact on the outcome of a
critique than cross-cultural differences. This means that most negative evaluations must have
their origin in the applied strategy of viewing and perceiving dance. The critic seems to
interpret and embed the perceived features of the dance performance into specific cultural or
socio-political contexts forming an individual, often complex evaluation.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Om te kyk na kruiskulturele dansuitvoerings deur dansgeselskappe op internasionale toere of
as deel van internasionale dansfeeste, het wêreldwyd algemene praktyk geword. Vir kritici,
choreograwe/dansers en die gehoor hou die toeganklikheid van so ’n diverse verskeidenheid
dans sowel voordele as nadele in. Kruiskulturele verskille in hierdie vertonings daag kyk- en
waarneem-strategieë uit, wat tot estetiese verryking mag lei. Daar is egter ook ’n
moontlikheid dat hierdie vertonings verkeerd geïnterpreteer mag word. Só ’n waninterpretasie
in dansresensies mag lei tot negatiewe kritiek wat, in uiterste gevalle, negatiewe vooroordele
oor die betrokke kulture projekteer.
Hierdie tesis doen ondersoek na die wyse waarop houdings teenoor en persepsies van
kultuurverskille in kruiskulturele dansresensies deur middel van spesifieke talige en stilistiese
middele gereflekteer word. Analitiese strategieë uit die velde Kritiese Diskoersanalise en
Teksanalise word gebruik om kritici se strategieë wat ’n oordeel kommunikeer, bloot te lê. Ek
analiseer ses resensies uit drie lande wat handel oor die vertoning Beautiful Me wat deur die
Suid-Afrikaanse dansgeselskap Vuyani Dance Theatre tydens internasionale toere opgevoer
is. My aanvanklike hipotese is dat kultuurverskille aanleiding mag gee tot negatiewe kritiek
vanweë interkulturele misverstande. Aangesien die beoordeling van Uitvoerende Kunste nie
slegs deur die kritikus se kulturele agtergrond beïnvloed word nie, maar ook deur hul
waarnemingshouding teenoor die vertoning, neem die analise waarnemingsmodusse soos ’n
teater-semiotiek-benadering en ’n fenomenologiese benadering in ag.
Interessant genoeg, lyk dit asof verskillende waarnemingsmodusse ’n groter impak het op die
uitkoms van kritiek as kruiskulturele verskille. Dít beteken dat die meeste negatiewe oordele
hul oorsprong moet hê in die toegepaste strategie van dans kyk en waarneem. Dit blyk dat die
kritikus die waargenome eienskappe van die dansuitvoering interpreteer en inbed in spesifieke
kulturele of sosio-politiese kontekste wat aanleiding gee tot die verskillende, dikwels
komplekse maniere van beoordeling.
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Moodley, Gunasagren. "Critical analysis of the post-apartheid South African Government's discourse on infromation and communication technologies (ICTs), poverty and development." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1298.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (PhD (School of Public Management and Planning
))—University of Stellenbosch,
2005.<br>This study comprises a discursive analysis of the underlying assumptions, rhetorical devices and the latent agendas masked within: (i) the burgeoning international ICT, poverty and development literature; (ii) the policy agendas of the major players in international development; and (iii) the ICT, poverty and development discourse of the post-apartheid South African government.
The aim of the study is to move beyond the current enthusiasm for derivative description and technological determinism, and to introduce a deeper, more balanced understanding of the relationship between ICT, poverty and development.
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Stent, Alison. "Reading the Sowetan's mediation of the public's response to the Jacob Zuma rape trial: a critical discourse analysis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002940.
Full textAbstract:
In this minithesis I conduct a critical discourse analysis to take on a double-pronged task. On the one hand I explore the social phenomenon of the contestation between supporters of then-ANC deputy president Jacob Zuma and supporters of his rape accuser. The trial, which took place in the Johannesburg High Court between mid-February and early May 2006, stirred intense public interest, both locally and internationally. The performance of thousands of Zuma’s supporters and a far smaller number of gender rights lobby groups, both of whom kept a presence outside the court building throughout the trial, received similar attention. Second, I examine how the Sowetan, a national daily tabloid with a black, middle-class readership, mediated the trial through pictures of the theatre outside the court and letters to the editor. The study is informed by post-Marxist and cultural studies perspectives, both approaches that are concerned with issues of power, ideology and the circulation of meaning within specific sociocultural contexts. A rudimentary thematic content analysis draws out some of the main themes from the material, while the critical discourse analysis is located within a theoretical framework based on concepts from Laclau & Mouffe’s theory of meaning, which assumes a power struggle between contesting positions seeking to invalidate one another and to either challenge or support existing hegemonies. This is further informed by, first, Laclau’s theorisation of populism, which assumes that diverse groupings can unite under a demagogue’s banner in shared antagonism towards existing power, and second, by concepts from Mamdani’s theorisation of power and resistance in colonial and post-colonial Africa, which explicates three overarching ideological discourses of human rights, social justice and traditional ethnic practices. The study, then, explores how these three discourses were operationalised by the localised contestations over the trial.
39
Ahmed, Abdul Kayum. "Positive Muslims: a critical analysis of Muslim AIDS activism in relation to women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2003. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textAbstract:
This research critically analysed Muslim approaches to five women with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town focussing particularly on the approach of 'Positive Muslims' - an awareness-raising and support group for Muslims living with HIV/AIDS. The central question of this thesis dealt with the impact of the norms, values and practices of Cape Muslims on the approach of Positive Muslims to women living with HIV/AIDS. It is suggested that while norms and values articulated in religious texts inform the ideological approach of the organisation's AIDS prevention model. This is due to the pragmatic approach adopted by Postive Muslims which recognises that the articulated norms and values do not always conform to the practices of Cape Muslims.
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Honório, Maisa Dias. "As demandas de Deus na justiça dos homens: conflitos religiosos em práticas discursivas jurídicas brasileiras." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3668.
Full textAbstract:
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Previous issue date: 2013-09-27<br>Opening the range of possibilities that Linguistics offers us, especially studies of Discourse Analysis which focus on discourses from every activity of human sphere, I propose a study directed by analysis of collisions between legal and religious discourses which are present in some legal practices in our country. A priori, the Bakhtinian notions, as well as those elucidated by Foucault, Fairclough, Marcuschi have guided the theoretical paths gone through in this analysis by focusing on the dialogical character and, then, these two Intertextual discursive instances here taken as principles of analysis, Legal Discourse and Religious Discourse. This Research was developed by the selection of judicial records available in the archive sessions of the Court of Justice of the State of Goiás and, subsequently analyzed from the theoretical scope above-mentioned. The concepts of Religion and Law which are designed nowadays, and consequently the Religious and Legal discourse, is the result of various changes through the years. A legal discourse that dictates what is right and wrong, and judging based on the laws of conduct and ethics formulated by a secular state (our country) and a doctrine that rules customs and practices which evidence the path presented by God to ascend to heaven or punishment with hell, from the Holy Writs held by several segments as a Christian or Protestant, for example. As for the discourse analyst, the aim of this study is to identify the textual chain and the textual genres and their constituents that make up the judicial records that served as the corpus for this study and to identify the possible discursive formations and their constituent discourses, by observing as a discourse has the power to cover up other discourses in order to establish the effects of the senses that enable the formation of subjects as well as their positions in different discursive spheres, thus pointing the refraction of subjects, objects and images , such as the notions of ―Legality‖, ―Norm‖ and ―Conduct‖ what is common to both discursive domains here assumed as the object of analysis . Notably, another common trait emerging from the analyzed parts refers to the linearity of their constituent processes of production, distribution and consumption of these same texts, these aspects directly bound to the specificity of judicial social practice in particular.<br>Abrindo o leque de possibilidades que a linguística nos oferece, sobretudo os estudos da Análise do Discurso que toma como objeto os discursos oriundos de toda atividade da esfera humana, proponho um estudo direcionado de análise entre as colisões dos discursos jurídico e religioso presentes em algumas práticas jurídicas de nosso país. A priori, as noções bakhtinianas, bem como as elucidadas por Foucault, Marcuschi e Fairclough nortearam os caminhos teóricos percorridos nesta análise tomando como foco o caráter dialógico e, logo, intertextual dessas duas instâncias discursivas aqui tomadas como pressupostos de análise, o Discurso Jurídico e Religioso. A Pesquisa se desenvolveu mediante seleção dos autos processuais disponíveis nas sessões de arquivo do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Goiás que posteriormente foram analisadas a partir do escopo teórico supracitado. Os conceitos concebidos na atualidade de religião e direito, e consequentemente de discurso jurídico e religioso, é fruto de várias mudanças ao longo dos tempos. Um discurso jurídico que dita o que é certo e errado e que julga a partir das leis baseadas na boa conduta e na ética formuladas por um Estado laico (nosso país) e uma doutrina que rege costumes e práticas evidenciando o caminho apresentado por Deus para a ascensão aos céus ou a punição com a ida para o inferno, a partir de escrituras sagradas apoiadas em diversas vertentes de seguimentos como cristão ou protestantes, por exemplo. Assim como para o analista do discurso, o objetivo desse estudo circunda em identificar a cadeia textual e seus gêneros constituintes que compõem os autos dos processos que serviram de corpus para a presente pesquisa, além de identificar as possíveis formações discursivas e seus discursos constituintes, observando como um discurso tem o poder de encobrir outros discursos para poder estabelecer os efeitos de sentidos que possibilitam as formações de sujeitos, bem como suas posições em diferentes esferas discursivas apontando assim a refração de sujeitos, objetos e imagens, como por exemplo, as noções de ―Legalidade, ―Norma‖ e ―Conduta‖ comuns aos dois domínios discursivos aqui tomados como objeto de análise. Notadamente, outro traço comum emergente das peças analisadas refere-se à linearidade constituinte dos respectivos processos de produção, distribuição e consumo destes mesmos textos, aspectos estes diretamente ligados à especificidade da prática social jurídica em particular.
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Nordlander, Petra, and Sara Dahlgren. "Homo religiosus – den religiösa mannen? : en kvantitativ och diskursiv analys av kön och sexualitet i läromedels kapitel om buddhism och hinduism." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-226432.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyse how sex and sexuality are presented in the Buddhism and Hinduism chapters of religious studies textbooks for upper secondary school. The chosen textbooks are all linked to the new curriculum Lgr 11 which was implemented in the Swedish school system in the spring of 2012. The textbooks were analysed by using two methods; content analysis and discourse analysis. Content analysis was used to examine with which frequency sexes and sexualities appear in the textbooks, while discourse analysis was used to find what discourses surround the two concepts. The discourse analysis used two theories in order to contextualize the several discourses about sex and sexuality. The two theories were social dominance theory and norm critical theory. The study shows that men are more frequently mentioned in the textbooks than women, with two exceptions. In the chapter describing Buddhism in one of the textbooks, women are more frequently portrayed in pictures. Women are also more frequently mentioned in the chapter describing Hinduism in another textbook. In the chapters about Buddhism, men are often described as leaders and are mentioned in connection to education. When women are mentioned, it is often in the role of nuns, who are always described as subordinate to monks. In the chapters about Hinduism, men are often mentioned in connection to education, and are often described as in power and as practitioners of the religion. Women are described as dependent on men and are mentioned in connection to marriage and their husbands. Sexuality is a subject which only one textbook brings up. It defines homosexuality as unacceptable in the Hindu society, but does however point out that it is not illegal. Other than that, the textbooks display a lack of interest in discussing sexualities in patriarchal religions in which heterosexuality is considered a norm. Every example and description the textbooks give about religious life and the different stages humans go through are based on a heteronormativity. The authors always base their examples on heterosexual relationships and heterosexual people. The findings of this study are troubling, particularly as the Nation Agency for Education (Skolverket) has stated that the Swedish upper secondary school must study religion from different perspectives, for example sex and sexuality.
42
Du, Plooy Daniel Rupert. "Mediated identity construction across cultures : an analysis of reports on the Guguletu Seven." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1841.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.<br>This thesis has been written as a research project within a programme that topicalises intercultural communication in fairly broad terms. It provides an analysis of the different constructions in the media of events and people by journalists from different linguistic communities who have regular intercultural contact in the course of reporting on local newsworthy events. The communities here are different media producers, different news publishing institutions who print and circulate current news to audiences in different language communities. Illustratively, attention will go to the particular role players in the media, i.e. news producers (journalists, newspapers, publishing groups), newsmakers (people whose actions are observed and topicalised in the media) and news consumers (the audience, readership) engaged in reporting on a particular, prominently mediated event in 1986, and again in 1996. The event that is now recorded as the Guguletu Seven incident is investigated for the way in which it can highlight cultural linguistic differences in mediating the same event.
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Legge, Janet Helen. "Post-feminism in Cosmopolitan and For Him magazine (FHM) : a critical analysis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005956.
Full textAbstract:
Cosmopolitan and For Him Magazine (FHM) are, at present, both the most widely read and, therefore, the most popular "white" consumer magazines in South Africa. They both appeal to young audiences of between 18 and 34 years of age, approximately, and target middle-class, educated groups of readers. My interest in Cosmopolitan and FHM lies in their ability to influence and shape their readers' actions, values, identities and relationships, in particular with the other gender. My analysis is focused on the cover pages and the Editor's letters of six copies of each magazine, ranging from April to September 2003, providing me with a corpus of 12 cover pages and 12 Editor's letters. I adopt a critical perspective through the use of Fairclough's (1989) Critical Discourse Analysis, supported by Mills (1995) Feminist Stylistics, McLoughlin's (2000) textual analysis of cover pages and Kress & van Leeuwen's (1996) visual analysis tools. By combining these different methodologies my research falls into what is newly termed Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (Lazar 2005). The cover page analyses used primarily McLoughlin and Kress & van Leeuwen and provides an element of pure genre analysis, while the analysis of the Editor's letters were subject to Fairclough's three inter-related stages of analysis, namely: a Description of the formal textual elements of the letters, an Interpretation which analyses the processes of text production and interpretation, and lastly an Explanation of the socio-historical context. Through an analysis of these magazines, whose interests are being served and how the readers are shaped and positioned by the magazines can be identified. My analyses revealed conflicting discourses within each magazine, however it was Cosmopolitan that revealed more tension and conflict in terms of identifying and representing women, while FHM subscribed, for the most part, uniformly to the "new lad" ideology. However, while Cosmopolitan attempted to show a forward-thinking and emancipatory view of the roles of men and women in society, both magazines covertly sustain patriarchal dominance and hegemonic masculinity. In conclusion, I reveal the need for consumers of the mass media to become more critically aware of the ideologies that are promoted through the differing tools of the media and that only through this critical awareness can any further movement towards equal relations between men and women be made.<br>KMBT_363<br>Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
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Holmqvist, Emanuelsson Gustaf. "Understanding Netflix’s establishment in Sweden : A study on how Swedish trade press and cultural journalism build up Netflix as powerful with regards to economic and cultural aspects." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-183189.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis expands an understanding of how Netflix has been established in Sweden’s media landscape. It seeks to investigate what effect the press has had, and more specifically, the study explores how the press builds up Netflix as powerful and how it imbues Netflix with legitimacy. Methodologically the thesis starts off with a usage of purposive sampling in order to find articles. The material is further handled with a critical discourse analysis, where writers’ language is explored, along with an investigation into how the world is represented with regards to identities, relationships and sociocultural aspects. Analysed articles with an economic focus come from Dagens Industri and those with cultural focus comes from Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet. Moreover, the study is based on theories and earlier studies within political economy, with a pursuit to understand film and television industry; trade press, to interpret the economic articles; cultural journalism, to interpret the cultural articles from; and power, to distinguished different power aspects in Netflix. The analysis comes in two parts: the economic analysis, which is divided in three ways and a two-folded cultural analysis. When it comes to economic legitimacy, two major aspects are prominent: Netflix’s success in competition against other streaming services and a clear establishment on the global market. Some articles have also given reasons to understand Netflix’s situation as ambiguous, meaning its future is uncertain. With regards to cultural legitimacy, the question of quality is significant, along with a connection to other social contexts such as gender, politics and climate. Netflix is perceived as having a societal responsibility. As a result of this thesis, it can be noted that cultural articles tend to be more critical than economic. Cultural journalists appear to cover the subject with a more open approach, using personal opinions, often suggesting what Netflix can improve. Writers of economic articles demonstrate a stricter portrayal of Netflix, mainly focusing on developments and success.
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Campbell, Bruce Kirkwood. "Ethics and worldview in identity-based conflict in Nigeria : a practical theological perspective on the religious dimension of violence in Plateau State." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33120.
Full textAbstract:
Severe intercommunal violence has repeatedly rocked Plateau State in the first decade of the new millennium, killing thousands of people. Observers have attributed the "crisis" to political, economic and social forces which breed pockets of exclusion and resentment. One notable model explains the violence through a paradigm of privileged "indigenes" who seek to prevent "settlers" from the political rights which would give them the access to the resources managed by the state and the economic opportunities that this entails. While not taking issue with the diagnosed causes of conflict, the Researcher argues that there is a substantial body of evidence being ignored which points to conflict cleavage having opened up along the divide of Christian-Muslim religious identity in a way that the settler-identity model does not sufficiently explain. On the basis that perceptions are as important as facts when it comes to seeking a transformational peace process, he sets out to map world-views, identities and ethics of the warring factions. The researcher, motivated to undertake this research by his direct experience of the 2008 crises and three years experience as an adviser to the EYN's rural development outreach in Adamawa and Borno States, posits that religion may indeed be part of the problem, and mosque and church must be partners to a solution. Forced to limit the scope of his research, he embarks on the initial stages of a practical theological investigation in order to review the conflict from a specifically religious perspective which might assist the Church in its efforts towards peace. Research is focussed on the perceptions of the pew faithful of two denominations in Plateau and Adamawa States and is based on an evaluation of interviews and focus groups which were held across a range of cohorts and settings in order to draw comparative conclusions. Respondents' backgrounds were both rural/urban, young/old, Muslim/Christian, and hailed from various ethnic groups (Berom, Tarok, Kamwe, Fali and HausaFulani). Evaluation methodology drew heavily on Grounded Theory and also included elements of Critical Discourse Analysis. The success of the methodology hinged on the ability of the Researcher to establish rapport and trust with respondents. The applied research methods were foremostly designed to build theory rather than statistically test any hypotheses. The thesis detects evidence not only for the salience of religion as a factor in the way conflict unfolds, but of religion displacing ethnicity as the marker of identity in some locations and age groups. It also demonstrates how ethno-religious narratives stemming from former rural strife between nomadic and sedentary populations and urban conflicts resulting from the competition for indigene rights have been conflated and then further reinforced by the emerging threat of Boko Haram, resulting in a narrative of a unified Muslim programme for conquest, domination and forced conversion. In tune with an undertaking couched in practical theology, this research also identifies a number challenges to the Church's witness and its ability to be a convincing force for reconciliation which arise from this. Eminently, there are signs that ethnocentric mores have been integrated into an emerging Christian identity, which engenders a monolatric perception of God and a penchant to reinforce boundaries rather than remove them. However, Christians also feel restricted by a Christian imperative to forego violence and beleaguered by an Islamic front which they perceive as having moral licence to perpetrate violence in pursuit of dominance. The researcher holds the conviction that it is the Nigerian Church who must embark on a theological process on her own to respond to some of these problems, and concludes with a number of propositions and recommendations to assist her on this voyage.
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Silva, Dalexon Sérgio da. "A heterogeinidade, as formações discursivas e os efeitos metafóricos no discurso religioso de membros da Assembléia de Deus." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2012. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=878.
Full textAbstract:
O presente trabalho pretende analisar o discurso religioso de membros da Igreja Evangélica Assembleia de Deus do campo de Abreu e Lima. Isto é, da igreja que é apontada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística IBGE, como a que possui o maior número de membros, dentre as igrejas evangélicas, tanto em Pernambuco, quanto no Brasil. Tal interesse por este trabalho surgiu mediante a observação do
investigador desta pesquisa que, em sua posição-sujeito de professor da rede pública de ensino, percebeu no discurso de seus alunos assembleianos a presença de muitos efeitos
metafóricos, do tipo: - Ele é crente de fogo ou - Eu sou um vaso nas mãos de Deus, o que lhe despertou o interesse pela pesquisa em pauta. Assim, à luz da perspectiva teórica e dos procedimentos analíticos da Análise do Discurso de linha
francesa (AD), este trabalho objetiva mobilizar os conceitos de heterogeneidade discursiva, formações discursivas, memória discursiva e os efeitos de sentidos e metafóricos na análise de um corpus constituído pelo discurso religioso de seis sujeitos
assembleianos, sendo quatro pastores e dois crentes. Para tal, assume os postulados teóricos defendidos pelos seus principais representantes, principalmente, por Pêcheux, na Europa e por Orlandi, Indursky, Brandão e Mussalim no Brasil. Nesse viés, a
pesquisa apontou o surgimento de uma nova formação discursiva, a qual resolveu cognominar de: Formação Discursiva de crente assembleiano de interação com o
mundo, pois ao contrário da Formação Discursiva precursora de crente da Assembleia de Deus, que negava quaisquer interações com o mundo, essa nova FD que está presente
na comunidade assembleiana permite uma certa interação com o mundo, principalmente, no que se refere aos usos e costumes do crente da Assembleia de Deus.<br>This study aims to examine the religious discourse of members of the Evangelical Church Assembly of God Field Abreu e Lima. This is the church that is pointed to by
the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, as it has the largest number of members among evangelical churches, both in Pernambuco and Brazil. Such interest
in this paper arose from the observation that this research investigator in his positionsubject teacher of the public school system, realized in the speech of its students
assembleianos the presence of many metaphorical effects, such as: - "He is a believer fire "or" - "I am a vessel in the hands of God", which sparked her interest in the research agenda. Thus, in light of the theoretical perspective and analytical procedures Discourse Analysis of French (AD), this paper aims to mobilize the concepts of heterogeneity discursive, discursive formations, discursive memory and the effects of metaphoric senses and analysis of a corpus by religious discourse assembleianos six subjects, four pastors and two believers. To this end, assumes the theoretical postulates defended by its main representatives, mainly by Pecheux, Europe and Orlandi, Indursky, Brandão
and Mussalim in Brazil. This bias, the survey indicated the emergence of a new discursive formation, which resolved cognominar of "discursive formation of believer assembleiano interaction with the world," because unlike the discursive formation of precursor Christian Assembly of God, which denied any interactions with the world, this new FD that is present in the community assembleiana allows for some interaction with the "world", especially with regard to the uses and customs of the Christian Assembly of God.
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Egglestone, Tia Ashleigh. "A critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the contesting discourses articulated by the ANC and the news media in the City Press coverage of The Spear." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012975.
Full textAbstract:
This research focuses on the controversy surrounding the exhibition and media publication of Brett Murray’s painting, The Spear of the Nation (May 2012). It takes the form of a qualitative Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), underpinned by Fairclough’s (1995) three-dimensional approach, to investigate how the contesting discourses articulated by the ruling political party (the ANC) and the news media have been negotiated in the City Press coverage in response to the painting. While the contestation was fought ostensibly on constitutional grounds, it arguably serves as an illustrative moment of the deeply ideological debate occurring in South Africa between the government and the national media industry regarding media diversity, transformation and democracy. It points to the lines of fracture in the broader political and social space. Informed by Foucault’s conceptualisation of discourse and the role of power in the production of knowledge and ‘truth’, this study aims to expose the discourses articulated and contested in order to make inferences about the various ‘truths’ the ANC and the media make of the democratic role of the press in a contemporary South Africa. The sample consists of five reports intended to represent the media’s responses and four articles that prominently articulate the ANC’s responses. The analysis, which draws on strategies from within critical linguists and media studies, is confined to these nine purposively sampled from the City Press online newspaper texts published between 13 May 2012 and 13 June 2012. Findings suggest the ANC legitimise expectations for the media to engage in a collaborative role in order to serve the ‘national interest’. Conversely, the media advocate for a monitorial press to justify serving the ‘public interest’. This research is envisioned to be valuable for both sets of stakeholders in developing richer understandings relevant to issues of any regulation to be debated. It forms part of a larger project on Media Policy and Democracy which seeks to contribute to media diversity and transformation, and to develop the quality of democracy in South Africa.
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Mawarire, Jealousy Mbizvo. "A critical inquiry into the absence of a gender equality discourse in the coverage of the land redistribution issue in two Zimbabwean newspapers, The Daily News and The Herald, between 01 February and 30 June 2000." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002915.
Full textAbstract:
The media, which help define what we think and our roles in the society, have a crucial role to project both men and women’s issues so as to change people’s perceptions and stereotypes about the role men and women play in the society. There is need, therefore, to ensure gender equality in the operations of the media so that issues to do with both men and women get adequate and equal coverage. This study on the reportage of the land redistribution exercise in Zimbabwe has, however, exposed the gendered nature of the operations of the media, particularly in the news production process. It provides that, overally, the news discourse is a masculine narrative whose androcentric form is a result of, and is protected by, claims to ‘objectivity,’ ‘professionalism’, ‘impartiality’ and the pursuit of a journalistic routine system that hegemonically prioritises men’s issues over those of women. The situation, as the research shows, has not been helped by journalists’ incapacity to do thematic appreciation of issues and their over-inclination towards a simplistic event-based journalism that fails to question policies as they are enacted and implemented in gender-skewed processes. The lack of gender policies, the operations of patriarchy and the pursuit of a journalistic routine system that sees nothing wrong with the ostracisation of women issues are very fundamental findings that the research uses in its attempts to explain why the gender equality discourse was left out of the news reports about the land reform exercise in Zimbabwe.
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Åkerlund, Simon. "From Ancients to Dust... : Through Veneration and Condemnation: Exploring of the role of Cultural Heritage and Iconoclasm." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324589.
Full textAbstract:
This essay attempts to discover a correlation between a perceived veneration of an inherent value of the cultural heritage which is enlightened in the face of the iconoclastic acts of IS (Islamic State). Firstly, the essay establishes how UNESCO could be perceived as a Social System which educates its central binary codes through communication. The codes central to the System are cultural preservation and cultural destruction. Through examining the official documents of the System and analysing their content through Content Analysis, the essay delineates how an inherent value is manifested in cultural heritage. Further it examines whether the System is successful in communicating and implementing its positive binary code into its surrounding environment. The conclusions are that the System aspires to connect what it deems an “outstanding universal value” with an inherent value of democratic human rights. It is also concluded that the System is successful in implementing its positive core binary code into its environment. However, there are indications that this efficiency could dramatically decrease in the future, thereby rendering the System’s value as an ideological standpoint less valuable in the face of theologically motivated iconoclasms.
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Harris-Ramsby, Fiona Jane. "The Habermas/Foucault debate: Implications for rhetoric and composition." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3277.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis sheds light on (1) the extent to which composition has fallen short in its efforts to examine Habermasian discourse in the public sphere/politicized classroom; and (2) whether, through a careful and explicit exploration of the Habermas/Foucault debate and the competing concepts of discourse contained therein, we might make use of those concepts in the politicized classroom to inform student writing in the public sphere.