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Academic literature on the topic 'Remedijacija sedimenta'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Remedijacija sedimenta"
Ljiljana, Rajić. "Unapređivanje elektrokinetičke remedijacije sedimenta zagađenog teškim metalima." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NS20101028RAJIC.
Full textAs the result of applying electrokinetic techniques: conventional, electrodialytic, treatment with electrode polarity exchange, moving anode, using bipolar electrodes and increased cathodic compartment length, on Ni contaminated kaolin (model matrix) the most efficient were moving anode technique (51% or 82% without calculating the cathode region of kaolin) and using bipolar electrodes and increased cathodic compartment length (45%). Using bipolar electrodes and increased cathodic compartment length as enhanced EK technique for remediation of sediment with high ANC resulted in 44% of Ni removal and 36%, 42% i 43% for removal of Ni, Cd and Pb, respectively. This technique nearly doubled efficiency after conventional treatment and there is slight influence of Cd and Pb on Ni removal. Risk assessment based on different criteria determine that Ni contaminated sediment is safe for the environment after EK treatment. According to Dutch standards it is classified as Class 1/2. Ni, Cd and Pb contaminated sediment is safe for the environment according to Ni and Pb content after EK treatment according to Dutch standards but comparing the risk assessment arise from different criteria in some cases it do not provide the same information. This indicates that it is of great importance to develop unique risk assessment criteria. According to the results using bipolar electrodes and increased cathodic compartment is efficient EK remediation technique of Ni and Pb contaminated sediment at the concentrations used for these investigations. Using the moving anode technique and increased cathodic compartment length as enhanced EK technique for remediation of sediment with low ANC resulted in 25% of Ni removal and 17%, 24% and 62% for removal of Ni, Cd and Pb, respectively. It can be concluded that efficiencies after enhanced technique compare to conventional treatments are significantly increased but the final metal concentrations (except Pb) in sediment after treatment according to risk assessment criteria are highly hazardous for the environment (>50%).
Nataša, Slijepčević. "Potencijal primene stabilisanog i „zelenom“ sintezom produkovanog nano gvožđa (0) za remedijaciju sedimenta kontaminiranog metalima." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=114875&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textThe pollution of sediment by heavy metals represents a large environmental problem allover the world. A lot of countries in the region as well as our country deal with this problem, which is widespread because of the fast urbanization and industrialization. There is more and more carelessness about wastewater discharge into water flows without previous purification. When the conditions of the aquatic ecosystem change, metal leaching and harmful effects on the environment and human health can occur. Therefore, remediation of metal-contaminated sediments is crucial activity in the process of the complete ecosystem remediation. Cost effective, efficient and environmentally friendly remediation techniques are urgently needed and readily applicable in large-scale treatment. Before applying remediation techniques on the largescale, both laboratory and pilot tests are necessary. There are pilot studies at the end of each successful laboratory test. Those studies provide the right answer in terms of choosing the optimal technology, taking into account the investment and operating costs, the achieved resultand the ultimate goals in terms of plant and waste management. In this study, the applicationpotential of stabilized and green - synthesized nano Fe(0) for the remediation of heavy metal -contaminated sediment was investigated. Stabilization / solidification technique was chosen as remediation technique which involves the addition of metal immobilizing agents in the sediment thus preventing the potential risk of metal leaching into the environment. Conventional materials such as fly ash, cement and clay have long been used for this purpose. Nowadays there is need for new, easily accessible agents for the sediment stabilization. Therefore it came up with the idea of using iron-based nanomaterials, ie. nano Fe(0) stabilized by native cla y and produced by reduction using organic molecules naturally present in oak and black mulberry leaf extract. Nanomaterials have been synthesized and characterized by different methods and techniques. In order to be effective in their application for sediment stabilization, extraction and dynamic laboratory leaching tests were performed. Mixtures of sediment and nanomaterials were selected that showed the best treatment efficiency. After that, the examination was continued on a pilot scale, where the behavior of nanomaterials was monitored, depending on conventional materials which have already been documented in the literature as effective immobilizing agents.Additional confirmation of treatment success was given by analysis and characterization of s / s mixtures after pilot testing. According to obtained results, the process was successfully demonstrated under laboratory conditions, and also during the pilot treatment. After the pilot treatment there were no increased concentrations of metal leaching from s/s mixtures, nor mixture degradation after the wetting process for six months. Based on that, the sediment treated in this way can be safely disposed of in landfills, or used for "controlled" use, construction ofroads, quarries, auxiliary facilities and etc. The results have contributed to the goal of a more permanent solution to the issue of disposal of polluted (slugged) river sediment, whereby in the process of stabilization/solidification, products with added value of undiminished quality are obtained. The nanomaterials synthesized in this paper on the basis of plant leaf extract contribute to both the preservation of the environment and the economy of remediation techniques. Thanks to their large specific surface area, small particle size and large ca pacity for immobilization of heavy metals, they represent an effective alternative to commercially available materials. It makes them very attractive and promising in the future in the treatment of river sediment contaminated with heavy metals.
Dejan, Krčmar. "Uticaj promene fizičko-hemijskih uslova i odabranih tretmana na mobilnost metala u sistemu sediment/voda." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NS20101008KRCMAR.
Full textThis work investigates the distribution of metals in the sediment / water systems of the most endangered rivers in Vojvodina. Utilizing the data obtained, risk assessments are carried out based on analysis of pore water, acidic volatile sulphides and simultaneously extracted metals and sequential extraction procedure. The assessment of metal mobility in the sediment / water system is determined by the changing physical and chemical conditions in real systems (waterways) and under laboratory conditions. The effectiveness of in-situ (aeration of sediment / water) and ex-situ remediation of sediment by thermal treatment methods and solidification / stabilization are investigated. The results show that in each waterbody and protected area, certain locations have sediment which for at least one metal, is classified (by the Dutch system of sediment classification ) as polluted (class 3) or highly polluted (class 4). In general, the quality of sediment in smaller rivers (Krivaja, Nadela, Kudoš, Veliki Bački canal and Begej) is inferior to the other rivers studied. Assessment of the metals availability in the sediments of the Veliki Bački canal indicates that in each profile examined, at least one metal and one method defines the sediment as very hazardous. It is also shown that the sediment at the section from 2 +000 to 4 +900 km is the most polluted, with a number of metals and methods that define it as a high risk. The results indicate that it is inadequate to have a simple singular approach to sediment quality assessment and the assessment of the risks posed by metals detected in aquatic ecosystems. This work shows that sediment movement (e.g. from opening a sluice gate) leads to changes in the physical-chemical conditions of the sediment / water system, with resuspension and sediment transport. These changes increase metals availability and increase their concentrations in the aqueous phase, significantly increasing the posed risk and the possibility of adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. In the case of sediment resuspension in the sediment / water system, a relationship was found between the concentration of metals in suspended matter and the concentration in the water for certain fractions of suspended matter (organic matter content and the fraction up to 63 μm). Remediation techniques are often not economically viable due to the large volume of contaminated sediments involved. It is shown that the implementation of in-situ aeration reduces the amount of sediment (which reduces the costs of subsequent sediment treatment), and that solidification / stabilization treatment with clay and thermal remediation results in satisfactory remediation with respect to metals leaching. Leaching test results show the potential of these treatments to solve the problem of sediments which are contaminated with metals, either in terms of safe disposal in landfill or in terms of its use as a supplement in the production of building materials (brick), as road foundation, or for river bank reinforcement (dams), etc.. Thus, the costs of dredging and manipulating contaminated sediments can be significantly reduced, making remediation itself much more applicable.
Milena, Dalmacija. "Procena potencijala remedijacije sedimenta primenom imobilizacionih agenasa." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2010. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=23723&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textThis work is concerned with exploring the possibilities of immobilization of toxic metals in sediments using solidification/stabilization as imobilization technique and using Portland cement, calcium oxide, natural zeolite, flying ash, kaolinite, montmorilonite, and various mixtures of these agents and determine their effectiveness depending on many factors. Performance of imobilization procedures was followed by the use of so-called leaching tests and determination of the metals concentration that are within a specified interval of time leached from the immobile phase and as such can be considered potentially hazardous and bioavailable. The ultimate goal of every leaching test is to assess the adequacy of the possibility of applying certain imobilization or remediation technique. Performance of imobilizaction procedures depends on certain characteristics: pH of solution, additon of imobilization agent, etc. Based on this test, ie relation between the cumulative fraction of metal leached from imobilization mixture and time, the type of leaching mechanism that allows the transport of metals (wash-off, diffusion, dissolution) was determined. Other parameters which will serve for evaluating the efficiency of the previously applied imobilization techniques (diffusion coefficients, leaching indices) were also determined. Modified leaching tests were applied with the aim of better simulation of real conditions on the field. In the modified leaching tests the solution with pH 3.25 was used to simulate conditions that mimic acid rain and conditions in the real system. The humic acid solution was also used with the aim to simulate high organic loads which could occur in the case accident situation (eg floods) and the general conditions that are created in naturewhen decaying organic material (leaves, grass, etc.). The results obtained by simulating these conditions will enable the modeling of behavior of metals in terms of long-term leaching period from the treated sediment and assess the most effective agents for the immobilization of various metals in the sediments. Based on these results, it was concluded that the optimal agents for immobilization of metals in the sediment mixture of cement and lime (5% cement and 10% lime), a mixture montmorilonite and lime (30% montmorilonite and 10% lime), fly ash (30%) and zeolite (30%). In these mixtures dominant leaching mechanism is diffusion, and these mixtures can be considered as inert waste by all tested criteria. These results can be used to design and builda pilot plant in which order to evaluate the effectiveness of these agents for remediation of sediment in real terms. The obtained data are invaluable from the aspect of economic and ecologically acceptable management of sediment.
Miljana, Prica. "Efekti primene različitih postupaka remedijacije na imobilizaciju teških metala u sedimentu." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2009. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=73282&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textThis work is concerned with the comparison of the different methods of metal risk assessment in sediments based on examination of the qualityof water courses in Vojvodina. Besides, it deals with the possibility of applying remediation treatments of contaminated sediment and with the efficiency of the different methods, that is the techniques, for immobilization of sediment heavy metals by applying S/S and thermal treatments. A dominant mechanism is proposed for the process of leaching ofthe metals from treated mixtures.Comparison of the results obtained by the different methods of sediment quality assessment showed that in some cases one approach to solving this problem is not sufficient. Metal concentrations in particular sediment samples (the Begej, the DTD Canal, the Nadela, the Sava at Šabac) indicate the presence of contamination, the analyzed samples being of Class 4. According to the Dutch regulations, a sedimentof Class 4 is of unacceptable quality and requires urgent intervention in the sense of sediment dredging, disposal into special depots, and, if possible, remediation. For some samples, despite a high pseudo-total concentration (Class 4), no potential toxicity was confirmed onthe basis of the ratioof the acidic volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals. The results showed that, apart from chemical analyses, biological tests are also necessary, but also sequential extraction analysis, which can more clearly define the way of metal binding to the particular sediment fractions, to allow a more reliable prediction of metal mobility, potential toxicity and bioavailability. In the analysis of sediment quality it is also necessary toinclude the aspect of radioactivity, as it has been shown that the results of this analysis can, not only confirm some of the results of the other analyses, but also indicate the sediment age, origin of contamination and potential toxicity.The subsequent steps should be directed to the control and prevention of contamination, in order to ensure that the water course reviatalization has a lasting positive effect on the environment, an unimpared and safe navigation and application of remediation methods.In the sediment sample (Class 4) that was usedfor the examination of the efficiency of it appeared that zinc, nickel and lead exhibit a high risk, as the percentages of these metals in the exchangeable and carbonate phases were in the range from 40.1 to 45.2%. On the other hand, chromium and cadmium exhibited a moderaterisk, whereas copperin these fractions was present at the levels corresponding to a low risk (5.3%). This is alsoin agreement with the results of pore water analysis and simultaneously extracted metals and acid volatile sulphide examinations.The investigations presented in this work provided an answer to the question whetehr the remediation can successfully remove the contamination in the sense of the immobilization of metals in a state that will not be harmful tothe environment. All the treatments applied yielded a decrease of the percentage of cumulatively leached metals from the S/S mixtures, but none of the mixtures of treated sediments with the tested immobilization agents belongs to the group of inert materials if the cumulative leached concentrations are compared with the concntrations for the wastes given by the EU legislation (2003/33/EC). Ifthe goal is to obtain a non-hazardous material it is necessary to treat the contaminatedsediment with at least 30% of the immobilizing agent (cement or calcium oxide). Based on the diffusion coefficients and leachability index, the highest immobilization efficiency was achieved using a mixture of cement and calcium oxide (30% of cement and 10% of CaO) and by applying thermal treatment at a higher temperature (11000C) with clay (20%). A dominant mechanism of leaching metals from these mixtures is diffusion.
Dragana, Tomašević. "Primena stabilizovanog nano nula valentnog gvožđa i komercijalnih imobilizacionih agenasa za remedijaciju sedimenta kontaminiranog toksičnim metalima." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2013. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=86532&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textThis thesis explores the possibility of using nano zero valent iron stabilized withbentonite, kaolinite, and carboxymethyl cellulose for the immobilization of heavymetals, as well as the behaviour and fate of metalsin sediments. Research is focusedin two directions: the first part of the study aimsto find a better understanding of thebehaviour of metals in sediments and to determine their potential mobility,bioavailability and potential toxicity based on sequential extraction procedures andacid volatile sulphides and simultaneously extracted metals methods, in untreated andtreated sediment samples. The efficacy of using nanomaterials for the immobilizationof metals in sediments is also determined, by applying "leaching" tests to the treatedmixtures and defining the dominant leaching mechanism that enables the transport ofmetals. The second part of the study aims to examine the possibilities of applyingnano zero valent iron coated with bentonite, kaolinite and carboxymethyl cellulose forthe treatment of contaminated sediment in-situ, to determine the potential risk posedto the environment after treatment, based on the results of sequential extractionprocedures and a single step extraction. Modified leaching tests were applied in orderto achieve better simulation of real conditions. The results of simulating theseconditions and further characterization of mixtureswith both nanomaterials and clay,provide a long term "leaching" model for the behaviour of metals in the treated(stabilized) sediments, as well as assessing which materials are most effective for theimmobilization of toxic metals in sediments.
Nataša, Varga. "Uticaj unapređenih tretmana elektrokinetičke remedijacije na mobilnost i uklanjanje metala u sedimentu." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104799&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textThis work includes: 1. An investigation into efficiency of various electrokinetic treatments (a conventional treatment, and treatments with changing polarity, two anodes and two-dimensional hexagonal electrodes) without the addition of agents to the treated sediment, for the removal of metals; 2. An investigation of the influence of discontinuous (off during the night) and oscillating power supplies on the application of solar panels and their effect on the efficacy of the treatment; 3. A study on the influence of sediment geochemistry, physico-chemical changes in the system and the characteristics of the pollution present (metals speciation and concentration) on the efficiency of the electrokinetic process; 4. A risk assessment of the sediment/water system before, during and after the treatment; 5. Mathematical modelling of the results obtained. Based on the risk assessment and the efficiency of the electrokinetic treatments in the Veliki Backa canal sediment, it was concluded that the best remediation option was a two anode treatment using solar panels (e9). The investigation into the influence of treatments using discontinuous (off during the night) and oscillating power supplies showed they did not have a significant impact on the efficiency of the process. Sediment geochemistry was shown to have a strong influence, determining the physical and chemical changes that occur in the sediment during the implementation of the electrokinetic remediation. The key to success for these treatments is the retention of metals in the fractions (carbonate and reducible) which more easily migrate. It is concluded that the mathematical model can be applied to successfully predict thechanges in the concentration of metals without experimentation, which is of crucial importance for future studies.