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Academic literature on the topic 'Remodelage auriculaire – Dissertations universitaires'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Remodelage auriculaire – Dissertations universitaires"
Jesel-Morel, Laurence. "Sénescence, remodelage tissulaire et membranaire, risque thrombotique au cours de la fibrillation auriculaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ051/document.
Full textOur data evidence that during atrial fibrillation (AF), microparticles (MP) contribute to an enhanced hypercoagulable and pro-inflammatory state. Similar concentrations of MP measured in left and right atria of AF patients highlight the absence of chamber-specific enhanced thrombogenic status. During AF ablation procedures, MP concentrations progress in parallel with cell and platelet activation. We also showed that AF progression is strongly related to human atrial senescence burden pointing toward a possible network that links in human atrium, senescence burden, endothelial dysfunction, thrombogenicity and atrial remodeling. We also developed a model of left atrium endothelial cell replicative senescence providing compelling evidences indicating that atrial endothelial senescence promotes thrombogenicity, inflammation and proteolysis. These data underline the major role of renin-angiotensin system in endothelial atrial cell senescence
Rahabi-Layachi, Haïfa. "Rôle du phosphate inorganique dans le remodelage vasculaire des gros vaisseaux." Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIED007.
Full textSaragaglia, Amaury. "Quantification du remodelage bronchique en tomodensitométrie volumique." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05S014.
Full textDurand, Eric. "Evaluation des mécanismes impliqués dans le remodelage artériel après angioplastie." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05N23S.
Full textConstrictive remodeling plays a prominent role in restenosis after balloon angioplasty, but its regulation remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of collagen, endothelial function, apoptosis and oxidative stress on arterial remodeling after experimental angioplasty of rabbit arteries. Artherosclerosis was induced in ilio-femoral arteries of new zeland white rabbits by the combination of mechanical desendothelilization and high cholesterol diet. Four weeks later, balloon angioplasty was performed. We observed that constrictive remodeling positively correlated with collagen acculation in the neointima and the media and endothelial dysfunction, and inversely correlated with smooth muscl cell apotosis. Moreover , inhibition of collagen cross-linking by beta-aminopropionitrile or overexpression of supereroxide dismutase and catalase signicantly
Patey, Martine. "Recherche de nouveaux marqueurs protéiniques impliqués dans le remodelage de la matrice extracellulaire en pathologie thyroi͏̈dienne." Reims, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REIMM205.
Full text@We have studied and described the pattern of distribution of thrombospondin (TSP1)and its receptors anb3 integrin and CD36, in human thyroid tissue and in benignand malignant conditions. This study was realised in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry of the Faculty of Sciences and Medicine on an in vitro model of porcine thyroid culture. The results show the importance of the interaction between anb3 integrin and TSP1 during the remodeling of the matrix in fibrous goiters and in the desmoplasic stroma of papillary carcinomas of good prognosis, compared to follicular and anaplastic carcinoma. We have also characterized the matrix metalloproteinases MMP2 and MMP9 and its enzymatic activity by gel zymography, which has demonstrated an increased expression of MMP2 in papillary and anaplastic carcinoma. The pronostic impact of these markers in thyroid neoplasms is discussed
Chironi, Gilles. "Biomarqueurs pariétaux et circulants du remodelage artériel chez l'homme." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05P645.
Full textWe tested parietal and circulating biomarkers as regards arterial remodelling in asymptomatic humans. Chapter I describes normal and pathological arterial wall. Chapter II is dedicated to the ultrasonic study of arterial remodelling in vivo. Chronic arterial remodelling, as assessed by the carotid diameter- intima-media thickness (IMT) relationship, depends on wall tensile and shear stresses. « Acute » remodelling results from the flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). We designed and validated a new automated method of measurement of the brachial artery FMD, which is more reproducible than reference methods and provides new parameters for endothelial function assessment. In chapter III, we tested the predictive value of three types of circulating biomarkers on cardiovascular risk, remodelling and atherosclerosis. Among haemostatic and inflammatory markers, only soluble P-selectin is associated with atherosclerotic risk in hypercholesterolemic men. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells, as numerated by flow cytometry, are reduced in the presence of carotid atherosclerosis, independently of risk factors. Circulating leukocyte-derived miroparticles (MP) are predictive for the diffusion of subclinical atherosclerosis and high levels of MP, whatever their cell origin, are associated with altered carotid artery compensatory enlargement. Finally, therapeutic perspectives discussed in chapter IV suggest to use these biomarkers as surrogate endpoints in clinical trials and propose some of them as potential therapeutic targets
Petroeanu-Reinald, Nicoleta. "Mise au point d'un modèle d'anévrisme fusiforme carotidien chez le lapin. Etude du remodelage artériel (élastine, MMPs, cytokines) après thérapie cellulaire par fibrosblastes gingivaux." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05T046.
Full textAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by an increased proteolysis of the essential macromolecules of the media (elastin, collagen), transmural inflammation and apoptosis of smooth muscular cells. We aimed to develop an fusiform aneurysm model in rabbit in order to evaluate the feasibility and the efficiency of percutaneous endovascular cell therapy with gingival fibroblasts (GF). We induced this model by incubation of elastase in the lumen of rabbit carotid arteries. Endovascular cell therapy was performed 28 days later by transplantation of GF in the arterial aneurysmal wall. Analysis of the results (arterial morphometry, elastin density, biomolecular study of metalloprotei-nases, their tissue inhibitor and cytokines) shows the decrease of the aneurysmal size, the preservation of the elastic network, the inhibition of MMP-1 and -9, consequently to TIMP-1 increase and the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines. Therefore GF are potential candidates for the endovascular therapy of AAA
Aumon, Parque Patricia. "Abord clinique du patient en médecine traditionnelle chinoise." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT134M.
Full textAliche-Djoudi, Fatiha. "Implication du remodelage membranaire induit par les acides gras polyinsaturés de la série oméga 3 dans la toxicité hépatique de l'éthanol : rôle de la fluidité membranaire et des radeaux lipidiques." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1B084.
Full textThe involvement of membrane remodeling in ethanol-induced liver toxicity was previously described by our team. Thus, an increase in membrane fluidity and lipid raft clustering were responsible for ethanol toxicity via the activation of a raft-dependent signaling pathway, implicating phospholipase C (PLC). Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been described as capable of altering membrane fluidity and lipid rafts organization leading to modification of cell signaling. However, the impact of n-3 PUFA induced membrane remodeling on ethanol liver toxicity had never been described. For these reasons, the effect of some n-3 PUFAs, namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20: 5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3), on ethanol-induced toxicity (oxidative stress and cell death) has been studied in rat primary hepatocytes, with particular attention to the involvement of lipid rafts. We have shown that EPA enhanced ethanol toxicity while DHA protected from it. This differential effect between EPA and DHA was mainly due to their membrane behavior. EPA, by incorporating preferentially in non-raft domains, promoted lipid raft clustering and consequently, activation of the PLC pathway. In contrast, DHA inhibited PLC signaling by preventing lipid raft aggregation, due to its preferential incorporation in these membrane micro-domains
Coisne, Augustin. "Déterminants, mécanismes et conséquences de la dysfonction et du remodelage ventriculaire après remplacement valvulaire aortique : rôle des phénomènes inflammatoires." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S005/document.
Full textAortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease (VHD) in Western countries. It causes a chronic increase in left ventricular (LV) afterload characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), ischemia and myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction and long-term heart failure. Regardless of the severity of stenosis, several factors such as obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance seems to impact the LV remodeling in this condition. These metabolic disorders are associated with a pro-inflammatory state, including adipose tissue, involving mediators perceived in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. To date, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is the only option that has shown an impact on mortality. This surgery has become less risky and leads to a significant decrease in the left ventricular mass (LVM) in the first year. Nevertheless, some factors, including the existence of a patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM), seem to influence this reverse remodeling after surgery, which may explain the persistence of myocardial fibrosis or symptoms after the surgery. We have made the following hypotheses: a) a pro-inflammatory state mediated by epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and circulating leukocytes would be associated with pathological remodeling in the natural history of AS, b) the existence of a PPM after SAVR would be associated with a poorer prognosis regardless of body weight status, c) the circadian clock would play a role in modulating the myocardial response to a hypertrophic stimulus and myocardial ischemia, d) the onset of postoperative right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, would be associated with poorer prognosis after SAVR. We therefore prospectively included patients with severe AS without LV dysfunction, or another VHD, referred to our Heart Valve Center in Lille University Hospital since 2009 for a first SAVR. Clinical and biological evaluation and pre- and postoperative (before discharge) trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) were performed for all patients. In a sub-group of patients, biological samples (blood and TAE) were collected at the time of surgery to perform transcriptomic analysis on EAT and flow cytometry on the circulating blood cells. TTE was also performed 1-year after SAVR in a sub-group and all patients were followed-up for cardiovascular events. We found that: a) the amount of EAT was independently associated with worse LV remodeling in AS but not with the magnitude of reverse remodeling after SAVR. According to our first results, this more severe LV remodeling seems to be associated with dysregulation of genes involved in the adaptive immune response, in the regulation of the immune response and in the activation of T lymphocyte cells and also with a number of circulating leukocytes and monocytes more important, b) the indexed effective orifice area of the aortic prosthesis calculated by TTE with the unique cut-off of 0.85cm²/m² showed the best accuracy to predict major events after SAVR in lean or overweight patients but not in obese, c) perioperative myocardial injury is transcriptionally orchestrated by the circadian clock in patients undergoing SAVR, with poorer tolerance in patients operated on in the morning, d) heart failure is more frequently observed in patients operated on in the morning, unrelated to the occurrence of acute kidney injury after SAVR, e) the early and severe post-operative decline in RV longitudinal function reverses within a year and is not predictive of long-term outcomes after SAVR. Subsequently, we will continue to explore the link between adipose tissue and the natural course of LV remodeling, cardiovascular events after SAVR in particular the impact of circadian variations on the occurrence of heart failure and the RV function after SAVR