Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Remodelage osseux de Huiskes'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Remodelage osseux de Huiskes.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Boucher, Florian. "Modélisation du comportement mécanique in vivo de fémurs prothésés : analyse rétrospective et prospective." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1918.
Full textAs expected life of a hip prosthesis is still limited, new concepts of implants seek to preserve bone stock of the younger patients. This Ph. D. Thesis aims at developing and evaluating the potential of computer simulations to predict bone adaptation clinically observed with one of these new concepts: "the stemless Munting hip prosthesis" Initially, a retrospective multifactorial study involving a series of 103 young patients operated with the Munting hip prosthesis highlighted the significant influence of the position of the implant and the patient's weight on bone turnover seen on postoperative X-rays. After modification of bone remodeling model developped by Huiskes, a retrospective multivariate finite element 2D model was used to check the good correlation between calculated results and clinical observations. In a second step, we developed a patient specific 3D prospective model using medical imaging of a young patient (16 years) operated with a Munting hip prosthesis. The results have pointed out the inadequacy of a 2D loading model but also the need to modify the bone remodeling law in the special case of a bone growth phase. Our approach, which relied on observation of clinical outcomes, will help contribute to the development of new designs of implants for younger patients. 3D loading conditions and prospective study of additional clinical cases should help improving the proposed patient specific model in the future
Devulder, Anne. "Approche micromécanique du remodelage osseux." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453306.
Full textDevulder, Anne Aubry Denis. "Approche micromécanique du remodelage osseux." S. l. : Ecole centrale de Paris, 2009. http://theses.abes.fr/2009ECAP0020.
Full textDacquin, Romain. "Annalyse génétique du remodelage osseux." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSL0291.
Full textVayron, Romain. "Remodelage osseux et stabilité d'implants." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1145.
Full textDue to the increase of life duration and to the frequency of certain types of accidents, the problematic of the evolution of joints and aging bone has become crucial, leading to an important number of surgical interventions requiring implant placement. Although these interventions are carried out routinely in the clinic, there are still risks of surgical failure, which induce dramatic consequences for the patient. Despite the evolution of the surgical strategies, the implants failure rate remains important because the phenomena involved are not well understood due to their complexity and to their multi-scale nature. One of the main determinants of the success of these surgical interventions lies in the implant osseointegration, that is to say the ability of bone tissue to regenerate around the implant integrating the implant in a sustainable manner. The surgical success depends primarily on the physical characteristics of the bone-implant interface transmitting the biomechanical efforts, which play a major role in bone remodeling. The approach carried out in the present research consist in developing a multimodal experimental approach to characterize the biomechanical properties of the bone-implant interface in order to assess the impact of bone remodeling around the implant on the mechanical response of the implant. In the first part, a multiphysical approach is carried out using a dedicated animal model. Coin-shaped titanium implants are implanted in vivo on the proximal part of the tibia of rabbits during different periods of healing time. A nanoindentation device is used to measure the mechanical properties of the newly formed bone at the microscopic level. A micro-scattering Brillouin device is employed to estimate the ultrasonic velocity of newly formed bone at the same scale. The results obtained with both techniques are used to determine the difference of bone mass density difference between mature bone tissue and newly formed bone tissue for different healing times.In the second part, an ultrasonic device aims at investigating the stability of titanium dental implants. The ultrasonic response is measured in echographic mode and is shown to be sensitive to the properties of the material (bone, biomaterial) in contact with the implant. Firstly, the evolution of the in vitro ultrasonic response of dental implants inserted into a bioactive dental substitute (tricalcium silicate based cement) and loaded using a mechanical protocol stress is assessed. To do so, a mechanical fatigue bench simulating chewing motions was developed. Secondly, the same ultrasonic device is used to determine in vitro the primary stability of an implant placed into bovine bone tissue. Third, an in vivo study using an animal model (rabbit) investigates the effect of healing time on the ultrasonic response of the implant. The ultrasound device is used to quantify the primary and secondary dental implant stability. The phenomena of ultrasonic propagation in the implant are modeled using techniques of numerical simulations by finite elements. The simulations show the potential of the technique to monitor changes in several key parameters for osseointegration of the implant under controlled conditions
Kün-Darbois, Daniel. "Remodelage osseux et pathologies oro-faciales." Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0051/document.
Full textFirst, bone changes at the mandible were studied after a unilateral botulinum toxin (BTX) injection in masticatory muscles in adult rats. A major alveolar and condylar bone loss was evidenced. The occurrence of a hypertrophic bone metaplasia at the digastric muscle enthesis was evidenced as well. This could constitute an etiological factor for tori. Then, condylar articular cartilage changes at the mandible were studied in the same BTX animal model, using microtomography after contrast enhancement of cartilage with uranyl acetate. Cartilage thickness measurement showed no difference when comparing control and BTX groups.A third work studied mandibular tori in human using histologic and microtomographic techniques. Tori appeared different from long bone exostoses by several characteristics (absence of Fe and Al in the bone matrix) and a specific asymmetric bone remodeling was evidenced.The fourth part consisted in the study of alveolar mandibular vascularization and quality of the bonematrix in an animal model of osteonecrosis of the jaws(ONJ) after bisphosphonates (BP) injections. Clinical and microtomographic signs of ONJ were found in mostof the cases. An increased mineralization of the alveolar bone was observed after BP impregnation. Microvascularization was increased after tooth extraction in the alveolar bone of control animals but it was impaired in ZA treated rats. Such an in vivo antiangiogenic effect of BPs could play a role in the pathophysiology of ONJ
Chabbi, Achengli Yasmine. "Rôle de la sérotonine au cours du remodelage osseux." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077046.
Full textSerotonin (5-HT) is a bioamine mainly known as a neuromediator. The role of serotonin in bone remodeling was the source of a lot of controversies the past few years. In order to decipher the mode of action of serotonin in bone remodeling, we followed two strategies. The first one was to study the bone phenotype of the tph₁ ⁻/⁻ mice which are invalidated for the serotonin synthesis rate limiting enzyme, tryptophane hydroxylase TPH1. In this context, we were able to show a local synthesis of serotonin in osteoclastic precursors in addition to a positive role of this bioamine during the osteoclast differentiation via a autocrine paracrine loop mediated by the HT₁B and 5-HT₂A receptors. The second one was to study the signaling pathways involved in the decreased cell prolifération, agrégation and minéralisation of primary calvarial osteoblasts from mice invalidated for the 5-HT₂B Receptor (5-HT₂BR ⁻/⁻)- In these cells, we have demonstrated an increased expression of prostacycline, responsible for the activation of PPAR ß/δ. This nuclear receptor inhibits the activity of convertase proteins which are so unable to allow the proper N-cadherine maturation. Taken together, these data support a positive role for serotonin both in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiations
Baïotto, Sébastien Zidi Mustapha. "Modèle viscoélastique de remodelage osseux approches théorique, numérique et expérimentale /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2004. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0214045.pdf.
Full textBaïotto, Sébastien. "Modèle viscoélastique de remodelage osseux : approches théorique, numérique et expérimentale." Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002140450204611&vid=upec.
Full textIn this work. We propose a bone remodeling model, which takes into account the trabecular hone viscoelastic properties and the osteocyte cells distribution, The mechanical behavior of the material is described with a Zener's law. The model stability is studied and the non linear equations governing the apparent bone density evolution are solved by a finite difference method in the case of a n-unit elements model. The presented numerical resuits show the influence of the viscous damping on the bone adaptation under controlled mechanical load. Furthermore, finite element simulations froin experirnental data, obtained from rat tibias and a human femoral head, indicate that the model can mimic hone evolution observed in vivo
Malachanne, Etienne. "Modèle du remodelage osseux prenant en compte la phase fluide." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20222.
Full textItzstein, Cécile. "Étude du rôle du glutamate dans la régulation du remodelage osseux." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T128.
Full textTournaire, Nicolas. "Effets sur le remodelage osseux de l'activité physique tennistique chez l'enfant." Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE2041.
Full textFau, Juliette. "Etude des nouveaux marqueurs du remodelage osseux chez les femmes ménopausées." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P094.
Full textCouqueberg, Yohann. "Développement d'une prothèse de resurfaçage de métatarsiens et étude du remodelage osseux induit." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0117.
Full textThis doctoral thesis, the result of a collaboration between LEMTA laboratory and Novastep company, explains the design of a metatarsal head resurfacing prosthesis of the lateral toes (2nd, 3rd and 4th toes). These toes can be affected by several pathologies, including arthritis and Freiberg’s disease, which are painful and can bec ripping in everyday life. Although many prosthetic solutions for the resurfacing of the metatarsal heads are available on the market, they are often developed for the first toe only. Novastep’s prosthesis was developed to afford a viable solution for the treatment of those pathologies in other toes as well. The development of this prosthesis requires several steps which are: • The definition of medical and mechanical requirements which must been taken into account ; • The design of the prosthesis ; • The development of the surgical technique, that is, the instrumentation for setting up the prosthesis ; • Mechanical and clinical testing to verify the performance of the prosthesis. This design cycle permits justification of the device’s performance necessary to obtain the market approval. In parallel with the resurfacing prosthesis, a study of metatarsal bone remodeling after implantation was realized. This study aimed to present and validate a protocol for the preparation of finite element models of bone remodeling from patient specific computed-tomography data. It also permitted analysis of the impact of the Novastep’s prosthesis on the metatarsal and comparison of those resuts with results obtained with a competitor’s equivalent prosthesis (LMHI of Wright Medical). To our knowledge, this study was the first on the bone remodeling of a prosthetic metatarsal. In the long term, this work could lead to the creation of a decision-making tool for designers for the technological choices of prosthesis design
NDIAYE, BIRAM. "Etude du remodelage osseux dans la malnutrition : la regulation nutritionnelle de l'osteocalcine circulante." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA077062.
Full textBarkaoui, Abdelwahed. "Modélisation multiéchelle du comportement mécano-biologique de l'os humain : de l'ultrastructure au remodelage osseux." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00799702.
Full textBarkaoui, Abdelwahed. "Modélisation multiéchelle du comportement mécano-biologique de l’os humain : de l’ultrastructure au remodelage osseux." Thesis, Orléans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ORLE2086/document.
Full textBone is a living material with a complex hierarchical structure which entails exceptional mechanical properties. Bone undergoes permanent mechanical and physiological stresses, thus its quality and fracture toughness are constantly evolving over time through the process of bone remodeling. Bone quality is not only defined by bone mineral density but also by the mechanical properties and microarchitecture. The current thesis offers a multiscale modeling approach unifying the cell activity to the mechanical behavior, taking into consideration the hierarchical levels of bone, from the ultrastructure to bone remodeling. This model permits to study the mechanobiological behavior and to predict the mechanical properties of the bone at different scales from nano to macro depending on the elementary constituents of bone. To achieve the objective of the current work, an approach of four phases was adopted. The first phase is to describe the basic components of the bone. The second phase concerns the multiscale modeling of the three nanoscopic levels of bone ultrastructure (microfibril, fibril and fiber) by the finite element method and neural networks. The third phase aims to model the micro-macroscopic structures of cortical bone (lamella, osteon, cortical bone) using the fiber properties predicted from the second phase as input parameters. In the last phase, a mechano-biological model of bone remodeling was achieved to simulate the process of bone adaptation explicitly considering the biological activities of bone cells. Mechanical properties predicted by our multiscale algorithms were used to feed the remodeling model. This model has been implemented into the ABAQUS/Standard finite elements code as a user subroutine. Finally, the finite element mechano-biological multiscale model of bone remodeling was applied to simulate different scenarios on human femurs (2D and 3D). Hence, different factors such as: age, gender, physical activities, etc were analyzed. The obtained results are conformed (qualitatively) to clinical observations and consistent with the various experimental studies. In summary, (i) the models portrayed here (multiscale model, mechanical-biological model of bone remodeling) contribute by their unified approach to the realistic modeling of the response of human bone. (ii) The application of the algorithms permits to perform virtual experiments to scrutinize the combined effects of numerous factors dictating the bone quality
Samee, Mohammud Nadeem. "Role de l'homéogène DLX5 dans le développement et le remodelage osseux chez la souris." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077006.
Full textDlx5 is an homeodomain transcriptional factor expressed in osteoblasts during skeletal development. Our first aim was to examine developmental defects in long bones of Dlx5-null mice at the end of gestation (18. 5 dpc). Herein, we report that Dlx5 deficiency in vivo affects bone formation and leads to bone architecture defects in mouse embryo. In vitro, the absence of Dlx5 is responsible for a reduction in osteoblasts proliferation and differentiation. This study also highlighted an alteration of osteoblast-osteoclast coupling leading to increased bone resorption. As Dlx5-null mice exhibit perinatal lethality, in the second study we examined the role of Dlx5 in 10- and 20- week-old postnatal bone modeling/remodeling of Dlx5 heterozygous mice. We found that Dlx5 is still expressed at high levels in long bones of adult mice and that its expression decreases with time. DXA study of femurs revealed that Dlx5 ⁺/ ⁻ mice exhibit lower bone mineral density than WT littermates. This reduction in heterozygous mice results from a reduced cortical thickness which was, in turn, due to an enhanced endosteal resorption activity. In conclusion, we show that the total or partial invalidation of Dlx5 triggered a bone phenotype resulting from an altered osteoblast/osteoclast coupling inducing an increased resorption activity. Moreover, Dlx5 significantly interferes with long bones remodeling mainly affecting the cortical thickness in adult mice
Dausse, Thierry. "Le remodelage fronto-orbitaire dans les craniosténoses antérieurs : technique montpelliéraine." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11157.
Full textRieger, Romain. "Modélisation mécano-biologique par éléments finis de l'os trabéculaire : des activités cellulaires au remodelage osseux." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703240.
Full textFei, Jia. "Remodelage osseux et vascularisation osseuse dans des modèles d'hypoxie et d'immobilisation chez le rat adulte." Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STET012T.
Full textDOUBLET, PATRICIA. "Le remodelage osseux dans le diabete de type 1 : apport du dosage des pyridinolines urinaires." Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM101.
Full textAugusseau-Caillot, Anne. "Marqueurs biochimiques et situations de découplage du remodelage osseux : variations des marqueurs biochimiques du remodelage osseux et de leur rythme circadien dans des situations physiologiques et pathologiques de découplage des activités cellulaires ostéoblastiques et ostéoclastiques." Saint-Etienne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STET4014.
Full textBiochemical markers of bone remodeling were thouroughly studied in metabolic bone diseases where bone activities are coupled. Few data were available in the uncoupling bone remodeling situations that we studied. Uncoupling of cell activities might lead to either bone loss (microgravity, anorexia nervosa, Cushing syndrome) or bone gain (physical exercise). . . [etc. ]
Funck-Brentano, Thomas. "Tissu osseux et métabolisme du cartilage : implication au cours de l'arthrose." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077147.
Full textIn osteoarthritis (OA), bone modifications occur and have been considered as secondary to cartilage lesions. However, from early stages, these changes could be part of the mechanisms leading to chondrolysis. The aim of this thesis is to study the effect of bone on cartilage metabolism in OA. We first studied the effect of inhibiting bone resorption in mice with high bone remodeling induced by ovariectomy. In these mice, pamidronate prevented OA lesions induced by joint instability. We showed by transferring culture supernatant of human bone explants on cartilage explants that molecules from bone micro-environment was able to regulate cartilage catabolism. Among them, we demonstrated the role of osteoprotegerin. We then studied the activity of the Wnt signaling pathway in the OA joint. In our model, Wnt activity was mainly observed in osteocytes of the subchondral bone and in forming osteophytes. In cartilage, Wnt activation was observed in few chondrocytes in the zones with marked OA lesions, and each Wnt antagonist had a specific expression pattern. The increase in Wnt activity in the bone paralleled the increase in bone fraction in the epiphyses of OA joints. When Wnt was selectively inhibited in the bone using dicckopfl (Dkkl) transgenic mice, OA was dampened. This protective effect was not due to a direct effect of Dkkl on chondrocytes, since Dkkl has a procatabolic effect in vitro and ex vivo. However, Dkkl overexpression in the bone induced a decrease in VEGF expression, thereby decreasing cartilage catabolism. These data highlight the links between bone and cartilage in OA, and show that targeting bone can impact cartliage lesions
Guinot, Michel. "Suivi endocrininen des sportifs de haut niveau : axes hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien et somatotrope et remodelage osseux." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10247.
Full textAL THOUGH REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEADS TO NUMEROUS HEAL TH BENEFITS, ELITE SPORTSMAN HAS FREQUENTLY BEHAVIORS WHOSE ARE HEALTH RISK. USE OF HORMONAL DRUGS (CORTICOSTEROIDS, GROWYH HORMONE) AND EATING DISORDERSIS SPECIALL Y COULD IMPAIR HYPOTHALMO PITUIT ARYAXIS, SOMATOTROPE AXIS AND BONE REMODELING. THE AlM OF THIS WORK WAS TO DRAW UP A STATE OF KNWOLEDGE OF THE PHYSIOPATHOLGY OF THESE AXES WITH PLASMATIC MEASURES SINCE THIS HAD BEEN LITTLE STUDIED lN ELITE SPORTSMEN. SO, LOWER BASAL PLASMA CORTISOL VALUES WERE HIGHLY PREDICTIVE OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY AND MIRRORED A RECENT CORTICOSTEROID USE. MOREOVER, THIS RECORDING WAS strengthENED BY 90% OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY IN SPORTSME WHO UNDERWENT A PERIOR INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROID INFILTRATION. CONVERSELY, IT IS DIFFICUL TO KNOW IF HIGH PLASMA CORTISOL VALUES ARE THE CONCERN OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS TO INTENSIVE SPORT PRATICE OR OF PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS (CALORIC DEFICIENCY OR DOPING). BASAL SOMATOTROPE AXIS ANALYSIS IN DIFFERENT CATEGORY OF SPORTSMEN REVEALED THAT THE MEANS VALUES WERE CLOSED TO THOSE OF NON SPORTSMEN OF THE SAME AGE; THE STUDY WHICH W AS PERFORMED lN ELITE CYCLISTS WOMEN SHOWED THAT THE BONE MINERAL DENSITY WAS ALMOST THE SAME AS THIS WAS EXPECTED lN GENERAL POPULATION. SO, TESTING BASL HORMONAL FUNCTION IS RELEVANT IN THE MEDICAL FOLLOW UP OF ELITE SPORTSMEN. EACH ABNORMAL VALUE HAS TO BE REGARDED AS A PATHOLOGICAL VALUE, SPECIALLY INDUCED BY DRUGS AND/OR EATING DISORDERS
Goulesque, Bruno. "Remodelage osseux et cytokines dans les lymphopathies malignes : corrélation entre paramètres histomorphométriques et dosage sérique des cytokines." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11019.
Full textGarnero, Patrick. "Les nouveaux marqueurs biochimiques du remodelage osseux : intérêt pour l'étude de la physiopathologie de la perte osseuse." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1T271.
Full textEchard, Agathe. "Caractérisation multi-échelle du tissu osseux : Application à l'ostéogénèse imparfaite." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC042/document.
Full textOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disease, whose main feature is more brittle bone. Genetic analysis identified mutations making the bone more prone to fracture. As the bone is a multistructrural material, while also being a living tissue, the symptoms and consequences of the disease are numerous. During this thesis, the focus was made on a first approach on the differences of nanostructures between the various mutations causing OI. More specifically, a new use of Raman spectroscopy was made in order to study the collagenic matrix as well as the mineral component. It was found that mutations could be gathered in three groups:• Mutations implied directly in the collagen synthesis and in its early modification (OI genetical type III, VII et VIII),• Mutations implied directly in the mineralization of the collagenic matrix, with an hypermineralization of this matrix (OI genetical type VII),• Mutations causing OI genetical type XI, characterized by a high rate of carbonate substitution, implying a low remodeling rate.On the other hand, the living aspect of bone tissue was studied, with a focus made on the resorption phase of the remodeling cycle. It was found on healthy adults bone that the cells were not behaving randomly, but target osteons with lower mechanical and mineral properties. Moreover, the behavior of those cells is not altered by OI: it was found that the cells had the same not-random behavior on bone of OI patients
Bonnafous, Christine. "Analyse histomorphométrique du remodelage osseux au cours des lymphopathies malignes de type B : étude prospective, à propos de 67 patients." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11248.
Full textCredou, Schiltz Corinne. "Rôle des métalloprotéases matricielles ostéoblastiques au cours du remodelage osseux in vivo : utilisation des souris transgéniques surexprimant le TIMP-1." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077008.
Full textIn bone tissue, osteoblasts and osteoclasts express matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that participate to the endochondral ossification. This study aims at demonstrating the fonction of osteoblastic MMPs in the regulation of bone remodeling and their implication in bone formation and bone loss. For this purpose, we used an original in vivo approach using animal models of bone loss associated to high bone turn over: oestrogen deficiency and over expression of the osteoblastic differentiation factor Runx2. In the first part of the study, we demonstrate that the inhibition of osteoblastic MMPs prevents thé bone loss induced by ovariectomy through the decrease in bone résorption. Moreover, we established that this inhibition reduces the osteoblastic response to estrogens and leads to the decrease in expression and/or activation of osteoclastogenic factor. Inhibition of osteoblastic MMPs in mice over-expressing Runx2 helps us to demonstrate that TIMP-i over-expression blunt bone loss and bone resorption induced by Runx2 over-expression. Our results showed for the first time that osteoblastic MMPs directly control osteoblastic differentiation and indirectly osteoclastic differentiation through the regulation of RANKL expression. These results go to prove that osteoblastic MMPs are partly responsible for the bone loss induced by Runx2 over-expression in vivo. We conclude from these data that osteoblastic MMPs are directly implicated in the increase of resorption rate 1) through direct inhibition of resorption activity and 2) through the control of osteoblastic differentiation and bioavailability of growth factors and cytoMnes
ZANZE, MARGUERITE. "Polymorphisme du gene du recepteur de la vitamine d et remodelage osseux chez l'enfant pendant les premieres annees de croissance." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077250.
Full textPerrier, Anthony. "Ostéoblastes et environnement physico-chimique : effets du contenu minéral matriciel et des micro-vibrations." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672348.
Full textMaimoun, Laurent. "Influence de l'exercice physique et de l'immobilisation sur le métabolisme osseux : relation avec les paramètres hormonaux." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON1T022.
Full textLe, Guennec Benoît Hoornaert Alain. "Impact du remodelage osseux crânio-facial sur l'esthétique à long terme de la prothèse implanto portée unitaire du secteur maxillaire antérieur." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=50416.
Full textPautonnier, Patricia. "Etude du remodelage osseux lors de la ménopause : intérêt des marqueurs biochimiques dans l'évaluation et le suivi de l'ostéoporose post-ménopausique." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P082.
Full textLamora, Audrey. "Évaluation du potentiel anti-tumoral des inhibiteurs de la voie de signalisation du TGF-β dans l'ostéosarcome." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=122250f0-a3f5-47e6-b561-3a692f187059.
Full textOsteosarcoma is the main malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents for whom the prognosis remains poor, especially when metastases are present at diagnosis. Because TGF-beta has been shown to promote metastases in many solid tumors and because we demonstrated that TGFbeta levels are higher in the serum of osteosarcoma patients compared to healthy volunteers, we investigated the effects of TGF-beta/Smad cascade inhibition on osteosarcoma behavior. To this end, two independent procedures, a molecular approach using the natural Smad-inhibitor Smad7 and a pharmacological approach with TGF-beta Receptor I inhibitor SD-208, were developed. We first demonstrated that Smad7 overexpression slows the growth of the primary tumor by affecting the “vicious cycle” established between tumor cells and bone cells. Moreover, we showed that these strategies inhibit the development of lung metastasis. In this context, we demonstrated that Smad7 and SD-208 reduce the capacity of osteosarcoma cells to migrate and invade. Then, we have investigated halofuginone, known as an inhibitor of TGF-beta cascade, on osteosarcoma metastatic progression. We demonstrated that halofuginone reduces primary tumor growth by its pro-apoptotic effects and the development of lung metastases mainly by blocking TGF-beta cascade. These results suggest that the inhibition of TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway could be a promising therapeutic strategy against the tumor progression of osteosarcoma
Portero-Muzy, Nathalie. "Comparaison des effets précoces d’un agent anti-résorbeur et d’un agent anabolique sur le remodelage osseux et la microarchitecture chez la brebis âgée." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10206.
Full textThe effects of anti-osteoporotic agents on bone tissue are evaluated on iliac crest (IC) but the answers to treatments may vary according to the skeletal site. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of zoledronic acid (ZOL) and teriparatide (TPTD) on IC and lumbar vertebrae (LV1) in ewes. ZOL has induced a high decrease of bone remodeling, an increase in microdamages in both sites and a modification of collagen crosslinks mainly in cortical bone of IC. Three months of TPTD has increased the bone remodeling only in LV1. In conclusion, the delays and the magnitudes of responses to ZOL or to TPTD differ between IC and LV1 in ewes. These results show that the distinction of bone sites to study the early effects of antiosteoporotic therapies appears meaningful
Marcelli, Christian. "Rôle des cytokines dans la régulation du remodelage osseux : étude expérimentale chez la souris et étude histomorphométrique chez l'homme au cours des lymphopathies B." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON1T010.
Full textNich, Christophe. "Ostéolyse aux particules d'usure : influence de la déplétion estrogénique." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077049.
Full textAseptic loosening is a consequence of periprosthetic osteolysis, caused by an inflammatory reaction initiated by macrophages. Polyethylene (PE) particles generated by the bearing couple are phagocytosed by macrophages, which in turn release bone-resorptive cytokines. Great variations in the degree of osteolysis are sometimes encountered in the clinical practice. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common disorder that results from increased osteoclastic activity caused by estrogen deficiency. Powerful inducers of bone resorption, such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-a, appear to play an important role in the biological pathway of both particle-induced osteolysis and postmenopausal bone loss. The demonstration that particle-induced osteolysis is increased when bone remodeling is accelerated as a resuit of ovariectomy has not yet been established. To address this question, we have used the calvarial particle-induced osteolysis model. PE particles were implanted onto calvaria of control and ovariectomized (OVX) mice to stimulate particle-related osteolysis as assessed by micro-CT and histomorphometry. First, we have shown that ovariectomy resulted in a significant decrease in particle-induced osteolysis, in parallel with a consistent decrease in inflammatory response to particles. Second, E2 supplementation resulted in a dramatic increase in osteolytic response to particles, suggesting in contrast a protective effect of estrogen deficiency. This paradoxical phenomenon was associated with a downregulation of pro-resorptive cytokines. It is hypothesized that excessive inflammatory response was controlled, illustrated by the absence of increase of serum IL-6 in OVX mice after PE implantation
Hassan, Bassam. "Étude de la phase d’activation de remodelage de l’os alvéolaire : trafic cellulaire et rôle de la nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransférase (NAMPT)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB135.
Full textResorption and inversion phases of bone remodeling are well understood, which have permitted the development of therapeutic agents. At the opposite, activation phase remains poorly characterized. This work aims to analyze cellular events involved in the activation phase of bone remodeling. Specific goals were: 1- To characterize cellular traffic in the periosteum during the activation phase of bone remodeling. 2- To study the role of NicotinAMide Phosphorybosyl Transférase (NAMPT) enzyme during activation. In the first study, we show an early expression of ICAM-1 by vessels in a synchronized alveolar-bone-remodeling model. The ICAM-1 expression may be involved in the observed diapedesis of monocytes – macrophages CD68+. These cells migrate through non osteogenic and osteogenic layers, steered by fibroblast-like cells and then by VCAM+ osteoblasts (OB). The number of RANKL+ cells in osteogenic layer gradually increases during the activation phase. Simultaneously, the expression of semaphorine 3a inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, decreases in osteoblasts and superficial osteocytes. In the second study, we show that basal expression of NAMPT increases in osteogenic-layer cells during the activation phase of bone remodeling. Inhibiting its activity with FK866 enhables to decrease osteoclastogenesis, suggesting an involvement of NAMPT in osteoclast recruitment and activity. In primary culture of murine OB, we show that NAMPT expression increases during differentiation. It also regulates OB late-differentiation markers expression. All these data show a series of coordinated events which serve in osteoclasts precursors’ recruitment and migration towards bone surface. NAMPT seems to contribute to acquiring an OB phenotype more favorable to OC recruitment
Lespessailles, Eric. "Effets sur le tissu osseux (microarchitecture, densitométrie, biomécanique et remodelage) et sur le métabolisme lipidique de l'acide zolédronique et de l'exercice physique chez la rate ovariectomisée." Thesis, Orléans, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ORLE2064/document.
Full textThe aim of this study was to investigate in mature ovariectomized rats the effects on bone tissue and on the lipids metabolism of zoledronic acid and physical exercise. In this first study, the individual and combined effects of zoledronic acid (20 µg/kg a single injection) and physical exercise (treadmill running exercise during twelve week) have been examined on whole body and femur bone mineral density, on trabecular microarchitecture analysis, on bone strength parameters and on bone turnover. Results showned globally that zoledronic acid prevented the trabecular microarchitectural changes and the increase in resorption induced by ovariectomy. Treadmill running exercise particully maintained the bone strength and exerted its action by an increase in bone formation. However we dit not found any additive or synergistic effect of the two interventions combined on the rat skeletal status. The second study aimed to assess the specific and combined effects of zoledronic acid and treadmill running exercise on the lipid profile in this model of ovariectomized mature rats. If both zoledronic acid and treadmill running exercise modified total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol with an improvement of the atherosclerosis risk, their combined effects were not synergistic and furthermore they produced a paradoxical inverse effect possibly explained by a pro-inflammatory effect of the two interventions combined
Boughattas, Mohamed Hafedh. "Modélisation par éléments finis des effets des médicaments sur la résistance de l’os." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2048/document.
Full textThe osteo-articular system plays the role of crucial support for the whole human body. It supports the gravity forces as well as the efforts generated by daily activities. Thus the bone optimizes and adapts its mass and its geometry through the process of bone remodeling. This spatio temporal regulation can undergo metabolic imbalances such as osteoporosis which lead to the occurrence of the upper end of the femur fracture during a fall side or various traumas. In fact, osteoporosis is reflected into a decrease in bone density and level of damage at the level of the microarchitecture of bone tissue increasing therefore the risk of fractures. In the framework of this thesis, a mechanical modelling of the behaviour of the os as well as a biological modelling of cellular activities were firstly proposed. Secondly, the pharmacokinetics of four drugs were modeled which are Alendronate, Denosumab, the Romosozumaband the Odanacatib. Finally, the coupling of these models allowed us to have a mechanic-biological model coupled with the effects of drugs against osteoporosis that can predict the evolution of bone mineral density and of damage by fatigue allowing to analyze the evolution of the bone quality. This model has been implemented by finite elements ABAQUS/standard through its user routine UMAT.The model has been applied to simulate different scenarios of remodeling on human femurs (2D and3D). Different factors were analysed such as the range of physical activities, the doses of injected drugs,the duration of treatment, etc. Obtained results are consistent (qualitatively) with existing clinical studies.As a conclusion, the mechanic-biological model coupled with the effects of the proposed drugs contributes to the fine analysis of the bone behaviour and the application of algorithms allowed to conduct virtual tests in order to analyze the combined effects of many multidisciplinary factors characterizing the bone quality
Silva, Diana. "Le rôle du système nerveux sensoriel dans l'orchestration de la formation osseuse, le remodelage et la régénération tissulaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0919/document.
Full textAdvances in the understanding of bone biology have identified the sensory nervous system as a critical regulator in the orchestration of bone formation, remodeling, and repair. However, the precise role of the sensory nervous system on bone tissue, particularly on osteoprogenitor cells, remains unknown. Firstly, we were interested in clarifying whether dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons would be able to induce the osteoblast differentiation by acting directly on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Afterwards, we attempted to understand whether the canonical Wnt signaling pathway could be implicated in the DRG neurons-induced osteoblastogenesis. In the second part of this study, we aimed at better characterizing the subset of DRG neurons involved in the direct regulation of osteoblast differentiation from MSCs. In this work we provide several novel insights: i) we show that sensory neurons have a positive and direct effect on osteoblast differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells, ii) by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; and iii) we suggest that this effect is mainly regulated by sensorimotor neurons, iv) which possibly mediate the local release of neuroactive factors
MEDDAH, BOUMEDIENE. "Isolement, purification et caracterisation des molecules de pontage du collagene osseux : etudes de la photostabilite et des formes moleculaires ; applications de la methodologie analytique a l'exploration du remodelage de l'os (doctorat : chimie organique)." Amiens, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AMIEP018.
Full textDeschamps, Marie-Hélène. "Etude histomorphométrique du squelette axial de la truite arc-en-ciel d'élevage, Oncorhynchus mykiss." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066142.
Full textAbdelmohsen, Ali Mohamed Nagy Hoda. "Rôle de la microarchitecture osseuse dans le déterminisme héréditaire de la fragilité osseuse." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10042.
Full textThe role of trabecular and cortical microstructure in bone strength and fracture risk is well documented, but its genetic determinism has not yet been studied. To find whether the bone microarchitecture, and bone metabolism have a strong hereditary determinism, a crosssectional epidemiological study (MODAM study) was conducted, investigating the familial resemblance of bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal mothers and their premenopausal daughters using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). We found that daughters of women with fracture have lower total volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), thinner cortices, and impaired trabecular microarchitecture at the distal radius and tibia, compared with daughters of women without fracture. Another cross-sectional epidemiological study (MINOS study) was conducted to assess the correlation of bone mineral density (BMD), bone size, bone turnover markers (BTMs) and hormones regulating bone turnover in pairs of brothers and pairs of unrelated men, matched for age, weight and height. We found that bone size, BMD at some skeletal sites and most of the BTM levels correlated more strongly in the brothers than in the unrelated men. These data suggest a substantial hereditary determinism of the BTM levels in men. In conclusion, we expand and confirm the importance of familial factors in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in both women and men
Spingarn, Camille. "Contribution à la biomécanique de la régénération osseuse : modélisation, simulation et applications." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAD010/document.
Full textThis work deals with modelization of bane remodeling. We present first a madel thal accounts for the cellular res panse to a mechanical stimulus in a general case at a continuous scale. This madel is applied to 2D and 3D geometries at macroscopic scale to mimic real cases, as weil as 2D trabecular-type geometries at mesoscopic scale. However, the complexity of bane remodeling does not allow a unique approach. Th us, the thesis work is focused on the particular case of orthodontie bane re mode ling. A new specifie madel is developed accounting for the influence of the periodontal ligament on orthodontie bane remodeling by integrating the oxygen concentration effect controling the evolutions of cellular densities. The cellular experimental data in vitro are extracted from the literature, and serve as input data of the developed madel in arder to ablain the evolution of bane density around the root of a 3D cylindrical tooth
Predoi, Racila Mihaela. "Elaboration d'une modélisation mathématique du transfert multi-échelle des signaux mécaniques dans l'os cortical humain. Aspects théoriques et simulations numériques." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011578.
Full textOn utilise les théories mathématiques de l'homogénéisation et des écoulements en milieux poreux. La modélisation est mise en place, étape par étape: organisation spatiale des cristaux d'hydroxyapatite, prise en compte de minéralisations différentes, d'une nouvelle loi de comportement, d'un fluide contenant des ions à chacun des niveaux architecturaux et homogénéisation de structures composites complexes (lamelles, ostéon, os cortical).
Sur le plan mathématique, on reprend la méthode des développements asymptotiques dans un cadre piézoélectrique (avec seuil), on établit toutes les relations nécessaires, une propriété de convergence et une estimation de propriétés locales. Le retour au microscopique est fait directement via une technique de localisation ou indirectement lorsque l'effet de seuil se produit. Les méthodes numériques ont été implantées dans deux logiciels.
Sur le plan biomécanique, on établit que l'os cortical humain est un milieu orthotrope non piézo électrique pour lequel l'anisotropie est due à l'architecture nanoscopique, que les ostéons sont le siège de deux types d'écoulement, que les écoulements y différent selon l'architecture : on voit comment les cellules savent quelle architecture donner au tissu collagènique.
Bolle, Caroline. "Influence de la conception implantaire sur l'adaptation tissulaire marginale précoce : une étude histologique chez le Beagle." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10117/document.
Full textAesthetic and functional long-term success of implant-supported rehabilitations relies on the preservation of peri-implant tissue levels in the most coronal position. Therefore, the achievement of an efficient protective mucosal seal, and the preservation of the peri-implant marginal bone during the first weeks of healing are essential to prevent long term implant failures. The characteristics of an implant transmucosal design (connections, platforms, surface properties) are related to biological width dimensions, marginal peri-implant bone levels, and the amount of inflammation within the peri-implant soft tissues. The aim of the research work presented in this manuscript was to investigate the effect of two innovative implant systems on peri-implant mucosa maturation, dimensions, collagen fiber organization, and marginal bone levels after 3 and 12 weeks of healing in the beagle dog. The results, compared with previous data, show that platform-switched twopiece implants exhibit reduced values of biological width and marginal bone loss, and that a concave transmucosal design in one-piece implants is associated with a short vertical value of biological width, and promote a mechanical interlocking of the implant body at the connective tissue and marginal bone levels. In the first part of this report, an overview of the current knowledge concerning the characteristics and healing patterns of peri-implant tissues, and the influence of implant design on the early peri-implant tissue remodeling is established. We have written two international publications which are presented in the second part. An analytical reflection about this work is presented in the third part
Poenaru-Bernard, Oana. "Cytokines de la résorption et marqueurs du rémodelage dans le suivi thérapeutique de pathologies métaboliques osseuses." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077154.
Full text