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Journal articles on the topic 'Remote Radio Head (RRH)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Park, Hyebin, and Yujin Lim. "Energy-Effective Power Control Algorithm with Mobility Prediction for 5G Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Network." Sensors 18, no. 9 (2018): 2904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092904.

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In 5G networks, heterogeneous cloud radio access network (H-CRAN) is considered a promising future architecture to minimize energy consumption and efficiently allocate resources. However, with the increase in the number of users, studies are performed to overcome the energy consumption problems. In this study, we propose a power control algorithm with mobility prediction to provide a high-energy efficiency for 5G H-CRAN. In particular, the proposed algorithm predicts UE mobility in vehicular mobility scenarios and performs remote radio head (RRH) switching operations based on % prediction resu

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Shweta, Patil, Leena Bojaraj, Pallavi Biradar, Mohammed Bakhar, and Alazar Yeshitla. "A Power Efficiency Wireless Communication Networks by Early Detection of Wrong Decision Probability in Handover Traffic." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (February 18, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4612604.

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This paper highlights the energy consumption due to handovers in wireless communication system. Ever-increasing demand for higher data rate for users of cellular networks and the energy consumption that results from the effective satisfaction of these demands leads to greater consumption of energy from such energy sources that depend on burning of greenhouse gas emitting fossil fuels for energy production. An evolved Node B or e-NB inside, as in equipment handling the radio frequencies, can be divided into two large categories (1) BaseBand Unit (2) Remote Radio Head or RRH. For the purpose of

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3

Suresh, Krishnamoorthy, Ali Alqahtani, Thangaraj Rajasekaran, et al. "Enhanced Metaheuristic Algorithm-Based Load Balancing in a 5G Cloud Radio Access Network." Electronics 11, no. 21 (2022): 3611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11213611.

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Mobile operators must increase investments in network infrastructures due to the emergent growth of the internet and technological advancements. Mobile operators consider cloud-RAN and software defined networking to be developing technologies that can reduce costs and increase scalability for fifth-generation mobile communication networks (5G). A base station consists of two important components, namely baseband (BBU) and remote radio head (RRH) units. Unbalanced data traffic can arise, leading to call dropping and call blocking. When network traffic conditions start to vary, the performance o

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Park, Seju, Han-Shin Jo, Cheol Mun, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "RRH Clustering Using Affinity Propagation Algorithm with Adaptive Thresholding and Greedy Merging in Cloud Radio Access Network." Sensors 21, no. 2 (2021): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020480.

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Affinity propagation (AP) clustering with low complexity and high performance is suitable for radio remote head (RRH) clustering for real-time joint transmission in the cloud radio access network. The existing AP algorithms for joint transmission have the limitation of high computational complexities owing to re-sweeping preferences (diagonal components of the similarity matrix) to determine the optimal number of clusters as system parameters such as network topology. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new approach in which preferences are fixed, where the threshold changes in response

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Chousainov, Iskanter-Alexandros, Ioannis Moscholios, Panagiotis Sarigiannidis, and Michael Logothetis. "Multiservice Loss Models in Single or Multi-Cluster C-RAN Supporting Quasi-Random Traffic." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188559.

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In this paper, a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is considered where the baseband units form a pool of computational resource units and are separated from the remote radio heads (RRHs). Based on their radio capacity, the RRHs may form one or many clusters: a single cluster when all RRHs have the same capacity and multi-clusters where RRHs of the same radio capacity are grouped in the same cluster. Each RRH services the so-called multiservice traffic, i.e., calls from many service classes with various radio and computational resource requirements. Calls arrive in the RRHs according to a quas

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Prasanna, CH Srilakshmi, S. Zahoor Ul-Huq, and P. Chenna Reddy. "Advanced Meta heuristic Strategies for Load Balancing in 5G C-RAN Environments." Journal of Neonatal Surgery 14, no. 10S (2025): 237–45. https://doi.org/10.52783/jns.v14.2787.

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With the rapid expansion of internet usage and continuous technological progress, mobile network operators are compelled to enhance their investments in network infrastructure. Emerging technologies such as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN) and Software Defined Networking (SDN) are increasingly viewed as viable solutions to lower operational costs and improve scalability in fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks. A typical base station comprises two critical components: the baseband unit (BBU) and the remote radio head (RRH). Variations in data traffic can lead to network inefficiencies, incl

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Chousainov, Iskanter-Alexandros, Ioannis Moscholios, Panagiotis Sarigiannidis, and Michael Logothetis. "Multiservice Loss Models in C-RAN Supporting Compound Poisson Traffic." Electronics 11, no. 5 (2022): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050773.

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In this paper, a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is considered where the baseband units form a pool of computational resource units (RUs) and are separated from the remote radio heads (RRHs). The RRHs are grouped into clusters based on their capacity in radio RUs. Each RRH serves different service-classes whose calls have different requirements in terms of radio and computational RUs and follow a compound Poisson process. This means that calls arrive in batches while each batch of calls follows a Poisson process. If the RUs’ requirements of an arriving call are met, then the call is accepte

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Zakrzewski, Zbigniew. "D-RoF and A-RoF Interfaces in an All-Optical Fronthaul of 5G Mobile Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041212.

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This paper presents a solution for enabling the coexistence of digitized radio-over-fiber (D-RoF) and analog radio-over-fiber (A-RoF) interfaces operating in the optical fronthaul of 5G mobile systems. In the first section, we formulate the need to introduce new technologies to the cloud/centralized radio access network (C-RAN) (Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN) in 5G systems). A proposition of construction of the optical remote radio head (O-RRH)/gNodeB—distributed unit (gNB-DU), which will enable the operation of digital Splits/Options and new proposed analog Splits/Options, is presented. The met

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Chousainov, Iskanter-Alexandros, Ioannis Moscholios, Alexandros Kaloxylos, and Michael Logothetis. "Performance Evaluation in Single or Multi-Cluster C-RAN Supporting Quasi-Random Traffic." Journal of communications software and systems 16, no. 2 (2020): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v16i2.1013.

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In this paper, a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is considered where the remote radio heads (RRHs) are separated from the baseband units (BBUs). The RRHs in the C-RAN are grouped in different clusters according to their capacity while the BBUs form a centralized pool of computational resource units. Each RRH services a finite number of mobile users, i.e., the call arrival process is the quasi-random process. A new call of a single service-class requires a radio and a computational resource unit in order to be accepted in the C-RAN for a generally distributed service time. If these resource

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Jayaraman, Ramkumar, Baskar Manickam, Suresh Annamalai, Manoj Kumar, Ashutosh Mishra, and Rakesh Shrestha. "Effective Resource Allocation Technique to Improve QoS in 5G Wireless Network." Electronics 12, no. 2 (2023): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12020451.

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A 5G wireless network requires an efficient approach to effectively manage and segment the resource. A Centralized Radio Access Network (CRAN) is used to handle complex distributed networks. Specific to network infrastructure, multicast communication is considered in the performance of data storage and information-based network connectivity. This paper proposes a modified Resource Allocation (RA) scheme for effectively handling the RA problem using a learning-based Resource Segmentation (RS) technique. It uses a modified Random Forest Algorithm (RFA) with Signal Interference and Noise Ratio (S

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Hailu, Dawit Hadush. "Performance Evaluation of Ethernet Network for Mobile Fronthual Networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 7, no. 1 (2017): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i1.pp287-298.

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<p>Increasing mobile data traffic due to the rise of both smartphones and tablets has led to high-capacity demand of mobile data network. To meet the ever-growing capacity demand and reduce the cost of mobile network components, Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) has emerged as a promising solution. In such network, the mobile operator’s Remote Radio Head (RRH) and Base Band Unit (BBU) are often separated and the connection between them has very tight timing and latency requirements imposed by Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) and 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). This fronth

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Gao, Jing, Xin Guan, Shuyue Zhang, and Xiao Meng. "Resource Allocation Optimization Based on Energy Efficiency in Green Cloud Radio Access Network." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (May 11, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8932961.

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Compared with traditional cellular networks, cloud wireless access network (C-RAN) can save more energy consumption because it centrally processes the signals in the baseband unit (BBU) pool served by the cloud platform. Aiming at the limited fronthaul capacity of the fronthaul link caused by massive data and the huge energy consumption caused by the explosive growth of mobile traffic, an energy-saving resource management scheme that is powered by a mixture of on-grid and green energy is proposed in this paper. Specifically, a new network energy efficiency (EE) model is constructed. The RRH wi

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13

M, Preksha. "A C-RAN Feasibility Study." Journal of Switching Hub 7, no. 2 (2022): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/josh.2022.v07i02.004.

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The number of mobile phone users today is growing dramatically, which will cause network jamming and require a substantial amount of bandwidth. Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is thus one of the interesting technology alternatives to solve this issue. C-RAN communicates with users using dispersed Remote Radio Heads (RRHs), each of which has one baseband unit (BBU). RRH performs soft relaying and is connected to the BBU via high capability, low latency front-haul lines. Due to the exchange of raw I/Q samples between the RRHs and the BBU, the C-RAN architecture places a restriction on front-h

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Thrishna, S., and Anto Sahaya Dhas Dr. "A Feasibility Study On C-RAN." Journal of Switching Hub 3, no. 3 (2018): 6–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1492961.

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<em>Now a days the number of users of mobile phone are increasing exponentially, so it will cause jamming in the network  and require  large bandwidth So among promising technology candidates to overcome this problem, cloud radio access network (C-RAN) used. C-RAN, having one baseband unit (BBU) communicates with users through distributed Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) .RRH are connected to the BBU via high capability, low latency fronthaul links and performs soft relaying. The architecture of C-RAN imposes a shortage of fronthaul bandwidth because raw I/Q samples are exchanged between th

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15

Hburi, Ismail, and H. F. Khazaal. "An efficient two-stage user association scheme for green C-RAN systems." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 2 (2019): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp794-802.

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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">This paper addresses the energy efficiency (EE) based user-association problem in cloud radio-access network. In specific, a low-complexity 2-stage iterative algorithm is developed for this purpose by jointly employing the coordinated multi-point (CoMP) and user-clustering techniques. The first stage of the algorithm applies a greedy search to form user-

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16

Rodoshi, Rehenuma Tasnim, Taewoon Kim, and Wooyeol Choi. "Resource Management in Cloud Radio Access Network: Conventional and New Approaches." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092708.

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Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a promising mobile wireless sensor network architecture to address the challenges of ever-increasing mobile data traffic and network costs. C-RAN is a practical solution to the strict energy-constrained wireless sensor nodes, often found in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Although this architecture can provide energy efficiency and reduce cost, it is a challenging task in C-RAN to utilize the resources efficiently, considering the dynamic real-time environment. Several research works have proposed different methodologies for effective resource manag

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17

Sousa, Ivo, Nuno Sousa, Maria Paula Queluz, and António Rodrigues. "Fronthaul Design for Wireless Networks." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (2020): 4754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144754.

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Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) architectures have arisen as an alternative to traditional wireless network architectures, notably by taking advantage of the functional split between the multiple distributed Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) and the centralized Baseband Units (BBUs), through the creation of a new connectivity segment—the fronthaul. In order to maximize the investment return, it is important to find out, for this C-RAN segment, which technologies provide cost-effective solutions. This paper addresses this issue by evaluating and comparing the performance of Microwave Radio Transmiss

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Chousainov, Iskanter-Alexandros, Ioannis Moscholios, and Panagiotis Sarigiannidis. "Congestion Probabilities in a Multi-Cluster C-RAN Servicing a Mixture of Traffic Sources." Electronics 9, no. 12 (2020): 2120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122120.

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A multi-cluster cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is considered in this paper where the remote radio heads (RRHs) form different clusters. A cluster includes RRHs that have the same radio resource unit capacity. In addition, all RRHs are separated from the common pool of computational resource units named baseband units. Each RRH accommodates calls whose arrival process can be random, quasi-random, or even bursty. The latter is modeled according to the compound Poisson process where calls arrive in the C-RAN in the form of batches whose size (in calls) is generally distributed. An arriving ca

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19

Fan, Dahua, Jianghong Ou, Bowen Lu, et al. "Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Cloud Access Networks with Federated Learning." ICST Transactions on Mobile Communications and Applications 7, no. 4 (2023): e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eetmca.v7i4.2903.

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Compared with traditional cellular network architecture, cloud access network has some significant advantages in spectrum utilization, energy consumption and network construction cost. However, a high-quality forward link is required between the baseband processing unit pool and remote radio head (RRH) in the cloud access network, which results in limited RRH deployment and affects user access link transmission and coverage. To solve this issue, this paper introduces the intelligent reflector technology into the cloud access network as a solution with low energy consumption, low cost and easy

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20

Hailu, Dawit Hadush. "QoS Performance of Integrated Hybrid Optical Network in Mobile Fronthual Networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 7, no. 1 (2017): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i1.pp189-204.

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<p>Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) has emerged as a promising solution to meet the ever-growing capacity demand and reduce the cost of mobile network components. In such network, the mobile operator’s Remote Radio Head (RRH) and Base Band Unit (BBU) are often separated and the connection between them has very tight timing and latency requirements. To employ packet-based network for C-RAN fronthaul, the carried fronthaul traffic are needed to achieve the requirements of fronthaul streams. For this reason, the aim of this paper is focused on investigating and evaluating the feasibility

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Kiela, Karolis, Marijan Jurgo, Vytautas Macaitis, and Romualdas Navickas. "5G Standalone and 4G Multi-Carrier Network-in-a-Box Using a Software Defined Radio Framework." Sensors 21, no. 16 (2021): 5653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165653.

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In this work, an open Radio Access Network (RAN), compatible, scalable and highly flexible Software Defined Radio (SDR)-based Remote Radio Head (RRH) framework is proposed and designed. Such framework can be used to implement flexible wideband radio solutions, which can be deployed in any region, have common radio management features, and support various channel bandwidths. Moreover, it enables easier access for researchers to nonsimulated cellular networks, reduce system development time, provide test and measurement capabilities, and support existing and emerging wireless communication techn

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Fayad, Abdulhalim, and Tibor Cinkler. "Cost-Effective Delay-Constrained Optical Fronthaul Design for 5G and Beyond." Infocommunications journal 14, no. 2 (2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36244/icj.2022.2.2.

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With the rapid growth of the telecom sector heading towards 5G and 6G and the emergence of high-bandwidth and time-sensitive applications, mobile network operators (MNOs) are driven to plan their networks to meet these new requirements in a cost-effective manner. The cloud radio access network (CRAN) has been presented as a promising architecture that can decrease capital expenditures (Capex) and operating expenditures (Opex) and improve network performance. The fronthaul (FH) is a part of the network that links the remote radio head (RRH) to the baseband unit (BBU); these links need high-capa

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Zhang, Xu, Peng, Lu, and Zhang. "Rateless Coded Uplink Transmission Design for Multi-User C-RAN." Sensors 19, no. 13 (2019): 2978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19132978.

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Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a promising technology for the Internet of Things (IoT). In C-RAN, the remote radio head (RRH) and baseband unit (BBU) in the conventional base station are separated, and each BBU is backward centralized into a virtual BBU pool. In this paper, we consider the uplink transmission for the two-user C-RAN with two RRHs under a block fading channel. A novel rateless coded transmission scheme is designed. During each transmission round, each user keeps transmitting to the RRHs using Raptor code until the BBU pool feeds back an acknowledgement (ACK). With the pro

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Mitsolidou, Charoula, Christos Vagionas, Agapi Mesodiakaki, et al. "A 5G C-RAN Optical Fronthaul Architecture for Hotspot Areas Using OFDM-Based Analog IFoF Waveforms." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (2019): 4059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9194059.

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Analog fronthauling is currently promoted as a bandwidth and energy-efficient solution that can meet the requirements of the Fifth Generation (5G) vision for low latency, high data rates and energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose an analog optical fronthaul 5G architecture, fully aligned with the emerging Centralized-Radio Access Network (C-RAN) concept. The proposed architecture exploits the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique and multicarrier intermediate-frequency-over-fiber (IFoF) signal generation per wavelength in order to satisfy the demanding needs of hotspot areas.

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Al-Samman, Imad, Reham Almesaeed, Angela Doufexi, and Mark Beach. "Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks: Enhanced Time Allocation for Interference Mitigation." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (October 10, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2084571.

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Responding to the unprecedented challenges imposed by the 5G technologies, mobile operators have given significant attention to Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks (H-CRAN) due to their beneficial features of performing optimization, cost effectiveness, and improving spectral and energy efficiency performance. H-CRAN inherits the attractive benefits of Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet) and the cloud computing by facilitating interference mitigation, scalability, and radio resource control. Consequently, H-CRAN is proposed in this article as a cost-effective potential solution to alleviate

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Zhou, Zhuofu, Jun Peng, Xiaoyong Zhang, Kaiyang Liu, and Fu Jiang. "A Game-Theoretical Approach for Spectrum Efficiency Improvement in Cloud-RAN." Mobile Information Systems 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3068732.

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As tremendous mobile devices access to the Internet in the future, the cells which can provide high data rate and more capacity are expected to be deployed. Specifically, in the next generation of mobile communication 5G, cloud computing is supposed to be applied to radio access network. In cloud radio access network (Cloud-RAN), the traditional base station is divided into two parts, that is, remote radio heads (RRHs) and base band units (BBUs). RRHs are geographically distributed and densely deployed, so as to achieve high data rate and low latency. However, the ultradense deployment inevita

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Tseliou, Georgia, Ferrán Adelantado, and Christos Verikoukis. "NetSliC: Base Station Agnostic Framework for Network SliCing." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 68, no. 4 (2019): 3820–32. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2019.2902320.

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In this paper, we propose the base station (BS) agnostic framework for network slicing, NetSliC, that creates network slices for the radio access network (RAN) based on the service requirements. The current cellular RAN is a heterogeneous complex architecture, comprising legacy distributed small cells, radio remote radio heads connected to a centralized base band unit, and future fifth generation NodeBs leveraging virtualization with different functional splits, serving distinct traffic profiles. Thus, NetSliC is a common language that manages and controls this heterogeneous infrastructure. We

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Hailu, Dawit Hadush, Gebrehiwet Gebrekrstos Lema, Gebremichael T. Tesfamariam, and Tole Sutikno. "Integrated hybrid optical networking for 5G access networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 3 (2020): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i3.pp1647-1656.

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Today, deployment of optical fiber has offered large transmission capacity which cannot be efficiently utilized by the electronic switches. Rather, Integrated Hybrid Optical Network (IHON) is a promising approach which combines both packet and circuit switching techniques. As a result, it achieves efficient utilization of the bulk capacity and guarantees absolute Quality of Service (QoS) by optimizing the advantages of the two switching schemes while diminishing their disadvantages. Transpacket has developed a Fusion node implementing IHON principles in Ethernet for the data plane. Hence, this

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Khan, Muhidul Islam, Luca Reggiani, Muhammad Mahtab Alam, et al. "Q-Learning Based Joint Energy-Spectral Efficiency Optimization in Multi-Hop Device-to-Device Communication." Sensors 20, no. 22 (2020): 6692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226692.

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In scenarios, like critical public safety communication networks, On-Scene Available (OSA) user equipment (UE) may be only partially connected with the network infrastructure, e.g., due to physical damages or on-purpose deactivation by the authorities. In this work, we consider multi-hop Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in a hybrid infrastructure where OSA UEs connect to each other in a seamless manner in order to disseminate critical information to a deployed command center. The challenge that we address is to simultaneously keep the OSA UEs alive as long as possible and send the critical

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Макаров, И. А., С. Г. Алюшина, В. О. Анучин та ін. "РЕФЛЕКТОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ НАСТРОЙКИ ДЛИНЫ ВОЛНЫ ЛАЗЕРА ВОСХОДЯЩЕГО КАНАЛА В ТРАНСПОРТНОМ WDM-PON ДОМЕНЕ РАДИОСЕТЕЙ ДОСТУПА МОБИЛЬНОЙ СВЯЗИ 5G". Vestnik of Volga State University of Technology. Series Radio Engineering and Infocommunication Systems, № 3(47) (18 листопада 2020): 66–84. https://doi.org/10.25686/2306-2819.2020.3.66.

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Настройка длины волны бесцветного лазерного передатчика, использующегося для построения восходящего канала связи в транспортном WDM-PON домене радиосети доступа мобильной связи 5G, на длину волны максимального пропускания выделенного канала его мультиплексора, реализуется рядом регламентированных и инициативных процедур. К первым относятся процедуры, связанные с построением канала контроля и управления АМСС, регламентированного рекомендацией ITU-T G.989.3. Ко вторым – построение систем с зондированием полной структуры восходящего канала проходного и отражательного типов. Основное внимание в ст

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Peng, Mugen, Shi Yan, and H. Vincent Poor. "Ergodic Capacity Analysis of Remote Radio Head Associations in Cloud Radio Access Networks." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 3, no. 4 (2014): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2014.2317476.

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Zhan, Shun-Cheng, and Dusit Niyato. "A Coalition Formation Game for Remote Radio Head Cooperation in Cloud Radio Access Network." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 66, no. 2 (2017): 1723–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2016.2558581.

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Wu, Zhikun, Zesong Fei, Zhong Zheng, Bin Li, and Zhu Han. "Remote Radio Head Activation and User Association in Dense C-RANs." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 69, no. 10 (2020): 12216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3016188.

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Li, Jian, Jingxian Wu, Mugen Peng, and Ping Zhang. "Queue-Aware Energy-Efficient Joint Remote Radio Head Activation and Beamforming in Cloud Radio Access Networks." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 15, no. 6 (2016): 3880–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2016.2530711.

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You, Lei, and Di Yuan. "User-Centric Performance Optimization With Remote Radio Head Cooperation in C-RAN." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 19, no. 1 (2020): 340–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2019.2944606.

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Ma, Yingjiao, Jinglin Shi, and Jinlong Hu. "Reconfigurable remote radio head design and implementation for super base station applications." Annals of Telecommunications 73, no. 9-10 (2018): 639–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12243-018-0650-7.

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Schrenk, Bernhard, Gerhard Humer, Martin Stierle, and Helmut Leopold. "Fully Passive Remote Radio Head for Uplink Cell Densification in Wireless Access Networks." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 27, no. 9 (2015): 970–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2015.2399231.

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Sofue, Yoshiaki. "CO line and radio continuum study of elephant trunks: the Pillars of Creation in M16." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 4 (2020): 5966–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa226.

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ABSTRACT Molecular line and radio continuum properties of the elephant trunks (ET, Pillars of Creation) in M16 are investigated by analysing 12CO(J = 1−0) , 13CO(J = 1−0) and C18O(J = 1−0) line survey data from the Nobeyama 45-m telescope and the Galactic plane radio survey at 20 and 90 cm with the Very Large Array. The head clump of Pillar West I is found to be the brightest radio source in M16, showing a thermal spectrum and the properties of a compact H ii region, with the nearest O5 star in NGC 6611 being the heating source. The radio pillars have a cometary structure concave to the molecu

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Tsai, Arthur C., Andrew Chih Wei Huang, Ying Hao Yu, et al. "A Wireless Magnetic Resonance Device for Optogenetic Applications in an Animal Model." Sensors 20, no. 20 (2020): 5869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205869.

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The currents of optical stimulation devices with tethered or untethered systems have various disadvantages, including optical fiber breakage, disrupted animal movements, heavy batteries carried on heads, and high-frequency electromagnetic impacts. Our novel wireless remote control was developed to address these issues. The novel wireless device uses a magnetic resonance technique to modify the deficits of the conventional magnetic induction or radio-frequency power sources. The present device emits a strong and steady electromagnetic power. It is cheaper than previous versions, and the receive

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Moosavi, Nazanin, Mahnaz Sinaie, Paeiz Azmi, and Jyrki Huusko. "Delay Aware Resource Allocation With Radio Remote Head Cooperation in User-Centric C-RAN." IEEE Communications Letters 25, no. 7 (2021): 2343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2021.3069235.

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Luong, Phuong, Francois Gagnon, Charles Despins, and Le-Nam Tran. "Optimal Joint Remote Radio Head Selection and Beamforming Design for Limited Fronthaul C-RAN." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 65, no. 21 (2017): 5605–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2017.2739102.

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Pliatsios, Dimitrios, Panagiotis Sarigiannidis, Sotirios K. Goudos, and Konstantinos Psannis. "3D Placement of Drone-Mounted Remote Radio Head for Minimum Transmission Power Under Connectivity Constraints." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 200338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3034881.

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Park, Hyebin, and Yujin Lim. "Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Resource Allocation with Radio Remote Head Grouping and Vehicle Clustering in 5G Vehicular Networks." Electronics 10, no. 23 (2021): 3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10233015.

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With increasing data traffic requirements in vehicular networks, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication has become imperative in improving road safety to guarantee reliable and low latency services. However, V2X communication is highly affected by interference when changing channel states in a high mobility environment in vehicular networks. For optimal interference management in high mobility environments, it is necessary to apply deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to allocate communication resources. In addition, to improve system capacity and reduce system energy consumption from the traf

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Wu, Zhikun, Zesong Fei, Ye Yu, and Zhu Han. "Toward Optimal Remote Radio Head Activation, User Association, and Power Allocation in C-RANs Using Benders Decomposition and ADMM." IEEE Transactions on Communications 67, no. 7 (2019): 5008–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2904268.

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Nkolika, O. Nwazor. "Development of a Wireless Controlled Robotic Vehicle." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 6, no. 3 (2019): 52–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10687464.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> This paper is on the development of a GSM (global system for mobile communication) and radio frequency remote controlled robotic car. It is very useful for accessing industrial areas that are prone to health hazards. They can also be used as a spy and for search and rescue missions in cases of emergencies or natural disaster. The robotic car uses a two-way control system which is the DTMF and radio frequency (RF) control.  When a mobile phone is pressed the keypad tone which is heard is a frequency. These frequencies are sent out from a sound clip (head set) of t

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Artanto, Dian, Ignatius Deradjad Pranowo, Martinus Bagus Wicaksono, and Agus Siswoyo. "Combining Mindwave, MPU6050, Ultrasonic, and Internet of Things for a reliable, safe, and monitored wheelchair control system." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 32, no. 2 (2023): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v32.i2.pp742-751.

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This paper proposes the development of a wheelchair control system by combining a Mindwave EEG (electroencephalogram) sensor, an MPU6050 inertial sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and IoT technology. Stroke survivors often face challenges in controlling their wheelchairs due to cognitive and physical impairments, requiring specific solutions to ensure their safety and comfort. The integration of the Mindwave EEG sensor captures the user's cognitive state, such as level of attention and focus, while the MPU6050's inertial sensor monitors physical movement and changes in head orientation. Additional

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Dian, Artanto, Deradjad Pranowo Ignatius, Bagus Wicaksono Martinus, and Siswoyo Agus. "Combining Mindwave, MPU6050, internetofthings for reliablesafemonitored wheelchair control system." Combining Mindwave, MPU6050, internetofthings for reliablesafemonitored wheelchair control system 32, no. 2 (2023): 742–51. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v32.i2.pp742-751.

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This paper proposes the development of a wheelchair control system by combining a Mindwave electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor, an MPU6050 inertial sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and internet of things (IoT) technology. Stroke survivors often face challenges in controlling their wheelchairs due to cognitive and physical impairments, requiring specific solutions to ensure their safety and comfort. The integration of the Mindwave EEG sensor captures the user's cognitive state, such as level of attention and focus, while the MPU6050's inertial sensor monitors physical movement and changes in

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Koenderink, J. J., A. J. van Doorn, and J. S. Lappin. "Exocentric Directions in Egocentric Space." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (1996): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96p0115.

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Observers had to direct a pointer (using a radio link for remote control) at some location towards a beacon at another location such that the pointer appeared to point straight at the beacon. Experiments were done in the natural landscape under broad daylight with the subjects using natural (binocular) vision. Distances were in the range of 1 – 24 m. The location of the vantage point was prescribed, but the observers were allowed (indeed needed) to make eye, head, and body movements, including placement of the feet. Only one or two beacons were visible at any time, but positions were taken fro

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Grigoriev, Oleg A. "Hygienic problems of using information and computer technology devices by children." Hygiene and sanitation 101, no. 10 (2022): 1214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-10-1214-1222.

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There was carried out the analysis of information and computer technologies (ICT), which are the main hygienically significant sources of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation for children and adolescents. Early forecasts (before 2008) about the adverse impact of the ICT electromagnetic field on the health of children and adolescents, the fundamental scientific basis for forecasts and data on their feasibility to date are considered. According to state statistics, forecasts of an increase in morbidity due to EMF exposure to children and adolescents are likely to come true. For the period 1995

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Clarke, Malcolm, Andrew Findlay, Jean-François Canac, and Alexis Vergez. "Tapping the Television Cable." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 2, no. 1_suppl (1996): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x9600201s31.

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Immediate access to patient data is essential to support good clinical decision making and support. However, away from the surgery, the doctor is currently unable to have any access to the clinical database. Solutions exist to support remote access, such as modems or radio data networks, but these are slow, with typical speeds in the 2–10 kbaud region. We propose a novel solution, to use the TV cable already installed in many homes. Using this technology, a suitably equipped computer (RF modem) is capable of connecting at speeds in excess of 500 kbaud and will run applications in exactly the s

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