Dissertations / Theses: 'Renal failure'

1

Akentiev, S. O. "Plasmosorption in hepatic-renal failure." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19104.

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2

Oniscu, Gabriel C. "Assessment and access to renal transplantation for renal failure patients." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23145.

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3

Davenport, A. "Studies in hepatic and renal failure." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598301.

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4

Loughrey, Clodagh Maria. "Lipoprotein oxidation in chronic renal failure." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318949.

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5

Mason, C. "Anaemia in experimental chronic renal failure." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380595.

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6

Korovenkova, O. M. "The effect of Thiocetam on renal function in acute renal failure." Thesis, БДМУ, 2020. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18244.

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7

Qureshi, Abdul Rashid Tony. "Malnutrition in patients with chronic renal failure /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4458-X/.

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8

Morris, Scot. "The vascular endothelium in chronic renal failure." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394765.

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9

Mackinnon, Bruce. "Progression of non-diabetic chronic renal failure." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433572.

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10

Argent, Nicholas B. "Thirst and vasopressin in chronic renal failure." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281865.

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11

Arif, Sarah M. D., Muazzam MD ali, Michael MD Zhang, George MD Obeng, Sara MD masood, Vindhya MD Sriramoju, Abdul MD Hannan, and Jack MD Goldstein. "A De Novo presentation without Renal Failure." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/46.

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Calciphylaxis is a poorly-understood condition whose pathogenesis involves systemic calcification of arteries and arterioles. It is usually seen in patients end-stage renal disease, with an incidence of approximately 5% in dialysis patient and patients with calcium-phosphate dysregulations.1,2 However, there have also been reports of patients with biopsy-proven calciphylaxis with normal calcium-phosphate balance and renal function. We report a morbidly obese 45-year-old female with significant past medical history of necrotizing fasciitis with superimposed pseudomonas infections requiring multiple rounds of antibiotics and debridement. She presented to hospital due to chronic thigh wounds and debilitating pain. Patient developed tender and ulcerated lesions on her bilateral inner thighs spontaneously and was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline. Wound cultures grew pseudomonas and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Rheumatologic work up including antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, anti-double stranded DNA, anti-ribonucleoprotein and complement levels were all within normal limits except for elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and c-reactive protein. Patient was given multiple analgesics of which ketorolac helped the most. She was referred to dermatology after which excisional biopsy of wound was performed. Biopsy result revealed tissue necrosis and calciphylaxis. Patient was started on sodium thiosulfate (STS) infusions after discussing with dermatology and was discharged in stable conditions from hospital. The exact cause of calciphylaxis still remains unknown. It is thought to be due to intravascular calcium deposition in the media of the epidermal and subcutaneous arterioles causing medial calcification and intimal fibrosis of the arterioles resulting in thrombosis and occlusions. This leads to ischemic skin necrosis which is the most common clinical finding in calciphylaxis.3 For non-uremic calciphylaxis, there appears to be a predilection of Caucasian females, primary hyperparathyroidism, obesity, malignancy, connective tissue disease and vitamin D deficiency.4-5 Our patient had some of the risk factors including morbid obesity, middle aged Caucasian female and Vitamin D deficiency. Calciphylaxis has two-year mortality rate of 50-80% secondary to sepsis, hence preventing patients with known risk factors from developing calciphylaxis is imperative.6 The lesions of calciphylaxis are often debilitating and wound care with debridement of necrotic tissue as well as systemic antibiotics are of utmost importance, if indicated. In recent years, treatment include the use of STS, which chelate calcium from tissue deposits and bisphosphonates which are thought to help in removing arterial calcifications.7 It is important to understand that calciphylaxis may occur in patients without renal impairment and early interventions may be helpful to decrease debilitation and mortality.

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12

Landreneau, Kandace Jo Costley Ward-Smith Peggy. "Adult hemodialysis patients' perceptions concerning choice among renal replacement therapies." Diss., UMK access, 2004.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Nursing. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004.
"A dissertation in nursing." Advisor: Peggy Ward-Smith. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed feb. 27, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-131). Online version of the print edition.

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13

Cass, Alan. "Social determinants of end-stage renal disease." Phd thesis, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8147.

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14

Jiffri, Essam Hussain. "Altered renal intermediary metabolism and the onset of renal dysfunction in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302295.

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The present studies investigated the relationship between altered renal carbohydrate intermediary metabolism and kidney functional and structural changes in the adult Spraque-Dawley rat. Both the acute (upto 28 days) and chronic (60-120 days) diabetic states were invstigated. The single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 45mg/kg body weight produced a stable, non-ketotic, non-insulin dependent and reproducible diabetic state. Compared to age matched control animals (AMC), diabetic animals (DA) demonstrated a progressive increase in mean UFR, plasma glucose, creatinine, glycosuria values and urea clearance rate over the experimental course while creatinine clearance (CCR) fell from day 21 onwards reaching 50% of AMC values by day 120. Changes in renal and hepatic metabolite concentrations were apparent after 4 days of diabetes and two patterns emerged. Renal and hepatic glucose, glocuse-1-phosphate and β-hydroxybutyric acid concentrations progressively increased over the 120 days experimental period while reduced concentrations of glycolytic and other metabolic intermediates, namely, glucose-60-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone 3- phosphate and malonyl-CoA concentrations were present. Increased concentrations of BHBA in both the liver and kidney was accompanied by the progressive reduction of malonyl-CoA. Since gluconeognesis is favoured at the expense of glycolysis in these diabetic animals, the absence of phosphofructokinase activity may be explained by a decreased concentration of fructose-6-phosphate. Renal gluconeogenic enzymes such as fructose-1,6-phosphatase were mainly located in the kidney cortex, predominantly located in the proximal tubular epithelium and that glycolytic enzymes such as hexokinase occurred mainly in the kidney medulla, restricted essentially in distal segments. Histological examination demonstrated an increasing degree of renal clear cell changes affecting from 5-20% of cells noted from day 10 to day 120, respectively in the cortical renal tubules. In addition acute pyelonephritis was also observed in all diabetic animals on days 90 and 120.

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15

Billington, Elizabeth. "Psychosocial adjustment to renal failure and consequent dialysis." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440389.

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16

Faber, Shawna. "Renal failure : a sociocultural investigation of an illness." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0018/NQ46342.pdf.

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17

Mamoun, Abdel-Hafiz. "Factors inhibiting ingestive behavior in chronic renal failure /." Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2682-4.

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18

Fervenza, Fernando Custodio. "Membrane transport abnormalities in patients with renal failure." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c345fc7-7e25-4f47-b41d-feddb8bc5cb7.

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The possibility that changes in membrane transport systems may contribute to the pathophysiology of the uraeraic syndrome has not been extensively studied. This thesis presents a study of eight erythrocyte membrane transport systems, namely the Na/K pump, the amino acid systems y⁺, ASC, gly, L and T, the nucleoside and choline transporters. The results indicate that, compared to normal controls, K⁺ flux through the Na/K pump was reduced in chronic renal failure patients (CRF), on haemodialysis (HD), and on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), but was normal in functional transplant (FT) patients' erythrocytes. The number of Na/K pumps per erythrocyte was decreased in CRF and CAPD but showed no differences between HD, FT and Normal controls. The mean turnover rate per pump site was reduced in patients on HD, whereas other groups were not significantly different from controls. Cross-incubation experiments suggest that the lowered pump flux seen in the HD group was due to plasma factors since reversibility of the defect was achieved when those cells were incubated in normal plasma. The defect was completely reversed with a successful transplant. Erythrocytes from haemodialysis patients exhibited an increased uptake of L-lysine through the y⁺ system. The uptake of L-serine was decreased and the affinity of the ASC system for L-serine was increased in these patients compared with controls. The glycine transporter showed a significant increase in affinity for glycine. The flux of L-leucine and L-tryptophan showed no differences from control cells. Erythrocyte membrane transport of uridine was similar in normal control cells and in those obtained from uraemic patients. Choline influx rates were significantly increased and affinity of the transporter for choline reduced in dialysis patients' erythrocytes. Renal transplant and CRF patients showed variable influx rates which gave a significant negative correlation with creatinine clearance. These results show that there are selective abnormalities in some membrane transport system of the erythrocyte in patients with renal failure. The mechanism and possible significance of these changes are discussed.

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19

Shannon, James Samuel Small. "Studies of erythropoietic factors in chronic renal failure." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328075.

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20

Taylor, Timothy Nicholas. "Immunochemical studies of erythropoietin in chronic renal failure." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356918.

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21

Ali, Tariq Zulfiqar. "Epidemiology of renal failure : a population based study." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440595.

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Population based studies of early chronic kidney disease (CKD), acute renal failure (ARF) and acute on chronic renal failure (ACRF) are surprisingly sparse and bedevilled by differences in definition, which makes incidence, prevalence and particularly outcomes difficult to compare. There are measures available to prevent progression of both ARF and CKD, emphasising the importance of early identification and referral for treatment. The international Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) group have suggested a classification for ARF and ACRF. Furthermore Kidney Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) clinical practice guidelines have suggested a staging system for CKD based on severity. In many countries it is difficult to obtain comprehensive, population based data because medical services are not linked to one population base. The Grampian region has a population of 523,390 and only two hospitals with linked biochemistry laboratories and hence suitable for epidemiological studies. I tested the hypotheses that incidence of ARF and ACRF is high and RIFLE classification predicts outcomes. I also studied the epidemiology of CKD in this population by manually reviewing the case notes of the patients.

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22

Stead, Piers A. "Severe acute renal failure at Groote Schuur Hospital." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3470.

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Bibliography: leaves 52-56.
Acute renal failure (ARF) is a syndrome occurring over hours to days of renal dysfunction with a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) resulting in a failure to excrete nitrogenous waste products.

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23

Broaddus, Kristyn Donnelly Tillson D. Michael. "Renal allograft histopathology in dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) mismatched dogs following renal transplantation." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Summer/master's/BROADDUS_KRISTYN_22.pdf.

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24

Avades, Tony. "Renal effects of X-ray contrast media in different experimental models." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388979.

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25

Roxborough, Heather Elaine. "The role of carbamylation in atherogenesis in renal failure." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388178.

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26

Dhaliwal, Kanwaljit. "A study of membrane choline transport and renal failure." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300380.

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27

Ooi, Boon Teik. "Probabilistic modeling of kidney dynamics for renal failure prediction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85462.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-90).
The large quantity of clinical data collected from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has made clinical investigation by a data-driven approach more effective. In this thesis, we developed probabilistic models for modeling variable kinetics and temporal dynamics of states. We applied the models to the prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI), but the models are applicable to other medical conditions as well. It is known that serum creatinine follows first-order clearance kinetics. We developed a stochastic kinetic model for first-order clearance and used it to model creatinine kinetics. Some properties implied by the model that are verifiable with the available data are consistent with the empirical results. Those properties are mean-reversion, variation with linear standard deviation, and convergence of variance to a finite value. Based on the stochastic kinetic model, creatinine can be treated as a lognormal random variable with state-dependent parameters. We model the temporal dynamics of kidney states and creatinine using a Hidden Markov Model. Observations of creatinine are assumed to be random variables, with baseline creatinine as mean. Each individual baseline is itself a random variable sampled from a population distribution. Baseline for each patient can be estimated by combining the population distribution and all creatinine observations of the patient using techniques similar to Bayesian inference. Prediction of acute kidney injury with this generative model gives an AUC of 0.8259 and 0.8497 for female and male population respectively.
by Boon Teik Ooi.
M. Eng.

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28

Poole, Donna. "A consideration of psychological components of adult renal failure." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/63010/.

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Chronic kidney failure affects approximately 30,000 people in the UK (Stein and Wild, 2000). In addition to the physical impact this has, negative psychological consequences can also arise (Rodrigue, Mandelbrot & Pavlakis, 2011; Christensen & Ehlers, 2002). Treatment options involve either dialysis or kidney transplant, with living kidney donation being a viable option. The condition and its treatment affect not only the patient but also those close to them, potentially impacting on their relationships (Crombie & Franklin, 2006; Gill & Lowes, 2008; Reimer et al., 2006). This thesis is made up of three chapters:- Chapter one presents a critical review of the research on Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) interventions in renal patients. It discusses the areas in which CBT has been applied, highlighting the focus on fluid adherence behaviour, sleep difficulties and psychological aspects such as depression. Many of the articles report promising findings, suggesting CBT to be potentially beneficial to the renal population. The review highlights many of the limitations of the current literature and identifies directions for further research. Chapter two presents an empirical study exploring the experiences of living kidney donors, donating to a spouse or partner. The paper focuses on gaining an understanding of the donor’s experience of their relationship with the recipient, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Findings revealed four superordinate themes comprising of: transitions within the relationship, defences against distress, conflict of motivation to donate and reduction in uncertainty and return to normality. Clinical implications of the findings and directions for further research are discussed. Chapter three is a reflective paper highlighting some of the issues which arose for the researcher during the research process. This paper considers the development of knowledge and skills required for research and may be beneficial to future researchers in the area.

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Purkiss, John Robert. "The small intestinal brush-border in experimental renal failure." Thesis, Keele University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292764.

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Patel, Hitesh Chandrakant. "Renal denervation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/42993.

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There are no treatments proven to significantly reduce heart failure hospitalisations or mortality in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is elevated in heart failure regardless of ejection fraction and may be an important target in HFpEF. Renal denervation (RDT) is a percutaneous technique that seeks to attenuate SNS activity. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of RDT in patients with HFpEF. A randomised (2:1) open-controlled trial with blinded endpoint analysis was planned. 10 228 patients were screened for the Renal DenervaTion in heart failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction trial (RDT-PEF), and ultimately 25 were randomised (17 received RDT and 8 were allocated to the open control arm). The primary endpoint was an improvement in a minimum of three out of the following six surrogate endpoints: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire score, peak oxygen uptake on exercise, B-type natriuretic peptide, E/e' from echocardiography, left atrial volume from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and left ventricular mass from (CMR). The primary endpoint was not met but the study was underpowered. On post-hoc analysis there was an improvement in a composite score of all six endpoint in the RDT arm compared to the control arm at three months but this did not persist to 12 months. The study satisfied its safety endpoints. However, two patients required balloon angioplasty during the RDT procedure for significant renal artery spasm/oedema. RDT had no effect on blood pressure, renal function, vascular function, renin-angiotensin system or SNS activity. In summary, this thesis has shown that HFpEF is not as prevalent as reported. RDT did not improve quality of life, exercise function, biomarkers and left heart remodelling in HFpEF. The procedure was safe though not without complications in patients with HFpEF.

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31

Yoshimoto, Akihiro. "Plasma ghrelin and desacyl ghrelin concentrations in renal failure." Kyoto University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135900.

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32

Hartog, Jasper Willem Louis. "Advanced glycation end-products in cardiac and renal failure." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2008. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn//.

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33

Chellingsworth, Miriam Claire. "Could a calcium antagonist be the ideal drug treatment of elderly hypertensives?" Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316397.

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34

Reid, Fiona Jane. "Plasminogen activators and their inhibitor synthesized by human mesangial cells and other cell types." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU539471.

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The plasminogen activator synthesized by human mesangial cells was identified as tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). Glomerular epithelial cells synthesized t-PA and urokinase (u-PA). Both mesangial cells and glomerular epithelial cells synthesized plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) into culture supernatant. In this study experimental techniques were developed to allow quantification of matrix-associated PAI-1. PAI-1 associated with the matrix of mesangial cells was less than 1% of the total PAI-1 synthesized by the cells. Similar amounts were detected in the matrix of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and Hep G2 cells. When cultured in the presence of transforming growth factor- (TGF-), PAI-1 synthesized by mesangial cells was significantly increased and this up-regulation was shown to occur at the mRNA level. PAI-1 associated with the matrix of mesangial cells also significantly increased, though matrix-associated PAI-1 still constituted less than 1% of the total PAI-1 synthesized by the cells. TGF- stimulated the synthesis of PAI-1 by whole glomeruli, epithelial cells and epithelial-mesangial cell co-cultures, while decreasing their overall plasminogen activator synthesis. When cultured in the presence of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) there was no effect on either PA or PAI-1 synthesized by the glomerular cells examined. TGF- has been implicated in the development of glomerulonephritis via an effect on matrix production. Our results suggest tht TGF- also plays a role in the proteolytic balance within the glomerulus, leading to an environment favouring its deposition.

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Roselaar, Simon Edwin. "Detection of an oxidising molecule in uraemic plasma using electron spin resonance spectroscopy, preliminary chemical characterisation and clinical evaluation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388208.

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36

Annuk, Margus. "Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Renal Failure." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2002. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5233-7/.

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37

Millar, Colin Gordon Macgregor. "Pathophysiology and therapy of acute renal failure in endotoxic shock." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399117.

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Melillo, Monica. "Application of carbon adsorbents for chronic and acute renal failure." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406815.

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Donohoe, Paul Thomas. "Cardiac ion currents in a rat model of renal failure." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324668.

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Payne, Thomas. "Novel biomarkers of renal transplant failure/dysfunction via spectroscopic phenotyping." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/61777.

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Successful renal transplantation not only improves patients’ quality and duration of life, but also confers a substantial economic healthcare cost saving. With the growing burden of end-stage renal disease and the requirement for renal replacement therapy, strategies to augment transplant success and subsequent graft survival become more vital than ever. Herein, an objective means of characterising renal function across the transplant journey, and appropriately stratifying in accordance to individual contingencies/factors (including the early detection of renal dysfunction), based on metabolism is explored. Patient pairs, recipients and donors, were metabolically phenotyped prior to (24 h) and post (days 1–5) transplantation using a multi-platform analytical approach (i.e., Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry (MS)) of urine and plasma (n = 50). Using advanced statistics, the resulting metabolic profiles were subsequently modelled, and related to multiple clinical phenotypes (and outcomes), to increase the understanding of molecular changes/signatures across transplantation, capturing valuable information pertinent to transplant type, cause, co-morbidity, modality, immunology and complication (p-value < 0.05) – over donors as well as recipients. An attempt to then develop predictive algorithms for the early detection of renal dysfunction was preliminary defined within the confines of the study design, where integrated NMR and MS metabolic data improved patient stratification for complications over clinical measures (receiver operator characteristic area under curve over 0.900) and potentially replace current measures. While prospective/multicentre studies are imperative for subsequent real-world adoption (qualification/validation), the work conducted herein encompassed much of the first stage of marker development – discovery – where metabolic phenotyping renal transplantation has provided a deeper characterisation of patient journeys with new insights into multiple contingencies/factors (including complication). Such findings infer the value of metabolic phenotyping to augment and potentially replace current measures and methods to better inform decision making in the clinic on the individual/precision level.

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Shilliday, Ilona R. "Factors affecting the outcome of patients with acute renal failure." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21528.

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The principle aim of this thesis is to examine the hypothesis that patients with acute renal failure (ARF) who are treated with high dose loop diuretics have a better prognosis in terms of survival, need for dialysis and speed of recovery than those who do not receive these drugs. A prospective, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study was carried out on 94 patients with ARF in Glasgow Royal Infirmary. The use of loop diuretics caused a significant increase in urine output and fractional excretion of sodium in the first 24 hours, but had no effect on the final outcome (recovery, dialysis or death) at day 21. Patients who became non-oliguric (with or without loop diuretics) had a better survival but were less ill (APACHE II score 17.2 v 20.6, p=0.007, non-oliguric v oliguric) and had less severe renal failure (creatinine clearance 14ml/min v 4.5ml/min, p < 0.0001) than those who remained oliguric. Loop diuretics can lower cytosolic calcium in normal individuals and in those with hypertension. Because cell death has been shown to be accompanied by a rise in intracellular calcium, I postulated that cytosolic calcium levels would be high in patients with ARF. Further, the use of loop diuretics might lower cytosolic calcium in patients with ARF and thereby exert a beneficial effect on renal tubule cells. Intraplatelet calcium levels were high in patients with ARF compared to normal controls (109nm v 92.4nm, p=0.004). Administration of a loop diuretic had no effect on intraplatelet levels of calcium. 1 hypothesised that this rise in intracellular calcium might be related to the severity of illness and thus correlate with the APACHE II score, an objective scoring system used to stratify patients according to prognosis. No correlation was found. Finally, indirect calorimetry is an accurate, although painstaking, method of measuring energy expenditure in the critically ill patient. Metabolic rate may be related to clinical outcome. If the resting energy expenditure (REE) correlated with the APACHE II score, the latter, simpler measurement could be used as part of a formula to predict metabolic rate. My studies of REE in patients with ARF showed no correlation with the APACHE II score which should therefore not be used to predict energy expenditure in ARE. Nor was there any association between metabolic rate and the clinical outcome of the patient.

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42

Passey, Caroline Mary Innes. "Evaluation of dietary management of adults with chronic renal failure." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.706133.

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43

Suda, Susanne. "Atrial natriuretic peptide in mild to moderate chronic renal failure /." [S.l : s.n.], 1987. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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44

Cale, Catherine Mary. "Inflammatory mediators in normal and abnormal renal development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313993.

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45

Forwell, M. A. "The humoral immunosuppressive effects of blood transfusion in renal transplantation." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378172.

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46

Uehlinger, Claudius Jeckelmann-Wiesendanger Katrin. "Effects of aldrenalectomy, renal denervation and atrial natriuretic peptide in ischemic renal failure in the rat /." Bern, 1987. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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47

Moser, Rudolf. "Changes in renal tissue and circulating catecholamines during gentamicin-induced acute renal failure in the rat /." [S.l : s.n.], 1987. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Steinhorst, Renata Campos. "Influência dos procedimentos hemodialíticos na mecânica respiratória em pacientes com insuficiência renal, aguda ou crônica, sob ventilação mecânica invasiva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-04012007-170650/.

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Introdução: A insuficiência renal (IRen) aguda ou renal crônica podem levar a complicações respiratórias, que podem culminar com insuficiência respiratória aguda (IRpA), severa hipoxemia e alterações de mecânica respiratória (MR). O tratamento hemodialítico, pode desencadear um processo inflamatório pulmonar entretanto, a correção da hipervolemia que proporciona, pode melhorar a IRpA. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da hemodiálise (HD) na MR de pacientes com IRen sob ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI). Materiais e Métodos: Pacientes com IRen, idade 18 a 75 anos, em VMI e em HD. Parâmetros analisados: clínicos gerais, laboratoriais (hemograma, gasometria arterial, função renal), características da HD e MR (complacência estática e dinâmica, e resistência do sistema respiratório). Os parâmetros foram analisados antes do início da HD e 4 horas após seu início. Resultados: (média ± DP) Foram analisados 37 pacientes, idade 51 ± 17 anos. Houve perda de peso, e melhora dos parâmetros laboratoriais (p < 0,05) exceto a PaO2 e a saturação de O2. A HD não alterou a pressão arterial e nem a MR, porém o delta da complacência dinâmica apresentou correlação com o delta de creatinina (p = 0,02). Conclusão: A HD por 4 horas não altera a MR de pacientes sob VMI.
Introduction: Renal failure (RF), acute or chronic, can induce respiratory complications that can evolve to acute respiratory failure (ARpF), hypoxemia and severe changes in respiratory mechanics (RM). Hemodialysis (HD) can produce pulmonary inflammation and worse the ARpF. On other hand, HD corrects hypervolemia and thus can improve the ARpF. The objective of this study was evaluating the HD role in RM of RF patients in use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Materials and Methods: Patients with RF, age 18 to 75 years, in use of IMV and HD. Analyzed parameters: age, gender, HD characteristics, respiratory and renal laboratory tests, and RM evaluation (static and dinamic compliance and resistence). Parameters were evaluate before HD and 4 hours after it started. Results (mean ± SD): We studied 37 patients, age 51 ± 17 years. During HD the patients lost body weight and presented an improvement in pulmonary and renal parameters (p < 0.05) except for PaO2 and arterial O2 saturation (p > 0.05). HD did not induce hemodynamic instability. There was correlation (p = 0.02) between the changes in plasma creatinine and the changes in dynamic compliance. Conclusion: HD for 4 hours did not modify respiratory mechanics in patients in use of IMV.

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Johnson, Tanya Michelle. "The biology of galectin-3 in normal and cystic renal development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270950.

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Sawhney, Simon Amrit. "Long term outcomes of acute kidney injury : establishing prognosis to design optimal management." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=236457.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is serious and complicates up to 1 in 7 hospital admissions. It is usually diagnosed from rapidly deteriorating blood tests. Much of the focus of clinical research into AKI has been on strategies to improve recognition and timely intervention. However, emerging evidence suggests that even when people survive AKI, they remain at an elevated risk of poor long-term outcomes. The aim of this thesis was to determine which people with AKI have an ongoing increased risk of poor outcomes (mortality, kidney failure, recurrent illness episodes) after hospital discharge. The design was a population-based data-linkage cohort study involving the Grampian Laboratory Outcomes Morbidity and Mortality Study (GLOMMS-II). Data linkages included population biochemistry, hospital episode data, mortality records, intensive care records and renal registry data from 1999-2013. A cohort of 17,630 people hospitalised in 2003 were followed through to 2013. Outcomes were mortality, progression of kidney disease and unplanned hospital readmission episodes. There have been several novel research outputs. I evaluated and adapted international AKI criteria for use in large population biochemistry datasets. I developed a clinical risk prediction model for unplanned readmissions after hospital discharge, for which AKI was a strong independent predictor. I described long-term survival after AKI, showing that people with AKI (vs no AKI) have a substantially higher risk of death in the first year, but diminishing excess risk thereafter. Finally, I conducted a novel analysis of renal prognosis after AKI, showing that mortality and non-recovery are more common than subsequent renal progression after AKI, but that renal progression is nevertheless increased after AKI. Overall, AKI is a serious condition and marker of people who have a long lasting poorer prognosis. The first year after discharge is a period of particularly heightened risk that could potentially be targeted with initiatives to improve care.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Renal failure'

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