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1
Dey, A. K., JVR Nickey, and Y. Sun. "Renewable-integrated Traffic Energy." MATEC Web of Conferences 220 (2018): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822005005.
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This work is a development of an indigenous technology combined Flap-motor power generator (FMPG) and PV system that harnesses the free renewable energies in rural area to generate electricity. FMPG and solar renewable energy power technologies are affordable, clean and sustainable and can replace or supplement power generator for road traffic signal light. Combined energy systems integrate these renewable energy technologies with flap base car passing power generators, PV and batteries to provide road signal power in remote areas not connected to a utility grid. Such an isolated grid will help to supply electricity for traffic signal to avoid road accident and maximum vehicle efficiency at intersections. This power generation device will provide constant power supply while no sunlight for long days. At the same time technology will represent instance power supply for rural area traffic light electrification system without grid connection.
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BAL, Güngör, and Süleyman Emre EYİMAYA. "DESIGN OF WIND TURBINE SYSTEM INTEGRATED WITH BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation 1, no. 02 (December 10, 2019): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2019.2.002.
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Due to uncontrolled natural variables such as wind speed, the correlation between the renewable energy production and the demand is strenuous. In order to make the renewable enrgy system effective the energy storage systems are utilized employing the, control systems for the enegy in the battery and power. In addition, the rapidly changing wind speed, particularly in wind turbines, causes variations in the power obtained from wind causing instability at a higher power levels. The system engaged in storing energy is employed to reduce fluctuations in power and to maintain stability of power systems. In this study, a wind turbine system integrated with energy storage system was created. This system is modeled and tested in MATLAB / Simulink. The results obtained evinces that the proposed system reduces power fluctuations and succeeds in meeting load demand.
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Dorji, Sangay, Hemlal Bhattarai, Parashuram Sharma, Sonam Yoser, Karma Singye, and Jigme Tenzin. "SIMULATION AND MODELING OF INTEGRATED RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (HYDRO, SOLAR AND WIND ENERGY)." Journal of Applied Engineering, Technology and Management 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54417/jaetm.v1i1.25.
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Renewable energy sources are likely to become prominent in the future due to less environmental impact and energy cost escalation. However, due to its intermittent essence, it encourages us to integrate various renewable energy resources to improve the reliability and quality of power supply to the consumer. Henceforth, this paper emphasizes the integration of various renewable energy sources (RES) such as - photovoltaic (PV), wind energy (WE) and hydro-electric grid (HEG) systems through software simulation. The purpose of this research was to compare the end user power quality and reliability between isolated mode and integrated mode operation of the power system through the result analysis in MATLAB simulation. In this qualitative study, the required data on wind and solar of a particular place, Samdrup Jongkhar (Bhutan) were collected in the form of satellite recorded data (NASA and SolarGIS). The result from this study highlights the nature of energy output from isolated-mode operated power plants and integrated power plant systems. From the result analysis, it has been shown that the quality and reliability of energy output from an integrated power system is much higher as compared to the isolated-mode operated power plant.
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Reddy, G. Koti, SK Neelima, A. Sai Chandana, M. Kavitha, M. Mounika, K. Sravani, K. Sowjan Kumar, and G. V. K. Murthy. "Energy Management in Microgrids with Renewable Energy Sources." International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science & Technology 10, no. 2 (March 25, 2022): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijircst.2022.10.2.111.
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The Main objective of this project is to develop a power management system that will control the power flow and energy demand of an integrated renewable energy system with the focus on solar energy and wind energy. These storage systems are needed to provide high reliability and control systems are necessary for the stable and optimal operation of the whole system. The voltage and frequency of the line side converter are controlled with indirect vector control with droop characteristics. The setting of frequencies varies according to the battery energy level, which slows down when the battery is charged or discharged. The system can also work if the wind power source is not available. An Intelligent Power Management System (IPMS) is developed to handle various changes in power supply and power demand by managing erratic power and providing a suitable control algorithm for the whole system. In order to test various power supply and power demand using a power system. The performed simulations confirm the ability of the IPMS to satisfy the load at all times using solar and wind power (which are unsteady renewables), through the support of batteries.
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Basu, Jayanta Bhusan, Subhojit Dawn, Pradip Kumar Saha, Mitul Ranjan Chakraborty, and Taha Selim Ustun. "A Comparative Study on System Profit Maximization of a Renewable Combined Deregulated Power System." Electronics 11, no. 18 (September 9, 2022): 2857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11182857.
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Electrical energy plays a key role in the development of the social as well as the economic front. The power sector has historically been owned and operated by state agencies due to its tremendous importance. It has been restructured over time, and the power market is being deregulated. In terms of consumer prices, efficiency, and environmental implications, both regulated and deregulated electricity markets offer advantages and disadvantages. Policy-based techniques are typically used in regulated markets to address the costs of fossil-fuel resources and boost the viability of renewable energy sources. Renewables can be integrated into deregulated markets through a combination of regulatory and market-based measures to extend the system’s economic stability which has been deployed in this paper. As the need for energy has expanded dramatically over the last few decades, particularly in developing countries, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions has climbed rapidly, as have fuel prices, which are the key driving forces behind initiatives to use renewable energy sources more effectively. Despite the apparent benefits of renewable energy, it has significant downsides, such as generation of optimization methods applied to renewable consistency, because most renewable energy supplies are climate-dependent, necessitating complicated design, planning, and control optimization methods. There have been numerous optimization strategies applied to the renewable integrated deregulated electricity system. With the increased use of renewable energy, energy storage technology has grown in importance, as these devices can capture electricity generated by renewables during off-peak demand hours and put it back into the grid during peak demand periods. Using stored renewable energy instead of adding generation based on fossil fuel can help to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. There is an interest in better utilizing available power system capacity by implementing FACTS to maximize the social benefit in a deregulated system. As a result, effective FACTS device placement provides novel control capabilities in both steady-state power flow regulation and dynamic stability control. This study reviews several aspects of renewable integrated deregulated power systems and provides a clear picture of the most recent research developments on this subject. The main objectives of the reviews are the maximization of system profit, maximization of social welfare, and minimization of system generation cost and loss by optimal placement of energy storage devices and FACTS controllers.
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Chakraborty, Mitul Ranjan, Subhojit Dawn, Pradip Kumar Saha, Jayanta Bhusan Basu, and Taha Selim Ustun. "A Comparative Review on Energy Storage Systems and Their Application in Deregulated Systems." Batteries 8, no. 9 (September 10, 2022): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries8090124.
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Electrical energy is critical to the advancement of both social and economic growth. Because of its importance, the electricity industry has historically been controlled and operated by governmental entities. The power market is being deregulated, and it has been modified throughout time. Both regulated and deregulated electricity markets have benefits and pitfalls in terms of energy costs, efficiency, and environmental repercussions. In regulated markets, policy-based strategies are often used to deal with the costs of fossil fuel resources and increase the feasibility of renewable energy sources. Renewables may be incorporated into deregulated markets by a mix of regulatory and market-based approaches, as described in this paper, to increase the systems economic stability. As the demand for energy has increased substantially in recent decades, particularly in developing nations, the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions has increased fast, as have fuel prices, which are the primary motivators for programmers to use renewable energy sources more effectively. Despite its obvious benefits, renewable energy has considerable drawbacks, such as irregularity in generation, because most renewable energy supplies are climate-dependent, demanding complex design, planning, and control optimization approaches. Several optimization solutions have been used in the renewable-integrated deregulated power system. Energy storage technology has risen in relevance as the usage of renewable energy has expanded, since these devices may absorb electricity generated by renewables during off-peak demand hours and feed it back into the grid during peak demand hours. Using renewable energy and storing it for future use instead of expanding fossil fuel power can assist in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. There is a desire to maximize the societal benefit of a deregulated system by better using existing power system capacity through the implementation of an energy storage system (ESS). As a result, good ESS device placement offers innovative control capabilities in steady-state power flow regulation as well as dynamic stability management. This paper examines numerous elements of renewable integrated deregulated power systems and gives a comprehensive overview of the most current research breakthroughs in this field. The main objectives of the reviews are the maximization of system profit, maximization of social welfare and minimization of system generation cost and loss by optimal placement of energy storage devices and renewable energy systems. This study will be very helpful for the power production companies who want to build new renewable-based power plant by sighted the present status of renewable energy sources along with the details of several EES systems. The incorporation of storage devices in the renewable-incorporated deregulated system will provide maximum social benefit by supplying additional power to the thermal power plant with minimum cost.
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Ma, Chao-Tsung, and Chin-Lung Hsieh. "Investigation on Hybrid Energy Storage Systems and Their Application in Green Energy Systems." Electronics 9, no. 11 (November 13, 2020): 1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111907.
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Power systems all over the world have been under development towards microgrids integrated with renewable energy-based distributed generation. Due to the intrinsic nature of output power fluctuations in renewable energy-based power generation, the use of proper energy storage systems and integrated real-time power and energy control schemes is an important basis of sustainable development of renewable energy-based distributed systems and microgrids. The aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics and application features of an integrated compound energy storage system via simulation and a small-scale hardware system implementation. This paper first discusses the main components, working principles and operating modes of the proposed compound energy storage system. Then, a detailed design example composed of supercapacitors, batteries, and various controllers used in two typical application scenarios, peak demand shaving and power generation smoothing, of a grid-connected microgrid is systematically presented. Finally, an experimental setup with proper power converters and control schemes are implemented for the verification of the proposed control scheme. Both simulation and implementation results prove that the proposed scheme can effectively realize desired control objectives with the proposed coordinated control of the two energy storage devices.
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Bamberger, Joachim, Ti-Chiun Chang, Brian Mason, Amer Mesanovic, Ulrich Münz, Warner Priest, Ross Thompson, Andrei Szabo, and Xiaofan Wu. "Reliable cost-efficient distributed energy systems with a high renewable penetration: a techno-economic case study for remote off-grid regional coal seam gas extraction." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17238.
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As our energy systems evolve with the adoption of more variable renewable energy resources, so will our oil and gas industry play a pivotal role in what is expected to be a lengthy transitional phase to a greater mix of renewables with a reliance on fast, reliable gas peaking power generation, which have lower greenhouse gas emissions, and short delivery periods to construct. Oil and gas companies are also rapidly moving towards becoming integrated energy companies supplying a mix of gas, oil, photovoltaic power, wind power and hydrogen, coupling these into the electrical and gas grids. We discuss some of the components and tasks of a distributed energy system in its various system guises that contribute to a more cost effective, reliable and resilient energy system with lower greenhouse gas emissions. We discuss the role that hydrogen will play in the future as oil and gas companies explore alternatives to fossil fuels to address their need to reduce their carbon footprint, substituting or supplementing their conventional gas supply with renewably produced hydrogen. We talk about how Australia with its excellent renewable resources and the opportunity to potentially develop a new industry around the production of renewable fuels, power-to-X, such as hydrogen, with the potential for the oil and gas industry to leverage its existing assets (i.e. gas pipelines) and future embedded renewable assets to produce hydrogen through electrolysis with the intention of supplementing their liquefied natural gas exports with a portion of renewably produced hydrogen.
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Mishra, Akanksha, Nagesh Kumar G.V., and Sravana Kumar Bali. "Optimized utilization of interline power flow controller in an integrated power system." World Journal of Engineering 17, no. 2 (March 19, 2020): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-06-2019-0176.
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Purpose There is a worldwide need to amplify the usage of renewable energy in the manufacture of electrical energy. Thus, the integrated energy systems (IESs) have become a major part of today’s power systems. Wind and solar energies are intermittent power sources and may lead to voltage and power flow instabilities. The purpose of this paper is to use the interline power flow controller (IPFC) for limiting the overloading of the transmission lines and improving the voltage stability of the IES. Design/methodology/approach This paper deals with an integrated system consisting of wind and solar energies and conventional systems. An appropriate position for the IPFC in the IES is proposed based on the disparity line utilization factor. The IPFC is then tuned for decreasing the loss of power and lessening the voltage deviation using the grey wolf algorithm. Findings The method is implemented on a modified IEEE 30-bus system. Results from the study show that the mega volt ampere (MVA) loading of the overloaded lines is reduced for the IES. Also, the voltage stability and the voltage profile of the system are improved to a major extent. The real and reactive power loss of the system is also brought down. Originality/value The use of renewable energy sources is a need of the present world to overcome environmental problems. This research focuses on the use of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices with renewable sources incorporated in the power system. Very limited research has been done in this field. The IPFC, which is one of the most advanced FACTS device, is used for the study.
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Liu, Lian, Dan Wu, Aiqiang Pan, and Xingde Huang. "Study on optimization method of rural integrated energy system including renewable energy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2358, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2358/1/012003.
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Due to the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the urbanization process in rural areas has been accelerated in China, as the economy has grown more rapidly and energy consumption has increased. Rural power infrastructure, however, remains inadequate and the rural power grid is relatively weak, which further exacerbates the contradiction between rural energy supply and demand. To solve these problems and achieve sustainable development, renewable energy sources should be utilized for energy supply in rural areas to reduce the demand for power from rural grids. Using this idea, this paper proposes an optimization method for an integrated energy system for rural areas that includes renewable energy sources. Firstly, a model of the output of equipment such as wind and solar biogas, as well as the model of energy storage equipment, is constructed. A portion of flexible load is considered when estimating energy consumption on the demand side. A day-ahead optimization model for rural energy systems is designed to minimize costs, which allows different energy sources to play complementary roles under the constraints of power balance, output limits, etc. The approach proposed in this paper may provide a comprehensive solution for optimizing the operation of an integrated rural energy system by improving its energy efficiency and maximizing its use of renewable energy resources. Furthermore, the article also provides specific examples of the feasibility of the method.
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Subham, G. Tekeshwar, Rajeswari Ramachandran, Jeevitha Kandasamy, and Reshma Muralidharan. "Automatic Load Frequency Control of Renewable Energy Integrated Hybrid Power System." March 2022 4, no. 1 (May 25, 2022): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jtcsst.2022.1.002.
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Frequency aberration, power quality, and system instability may be caused by the general perception of Renewable Energy (RE). To control the frequency with the tolerable limit, load frequency control is being performed. Automatic Load Frequency Control (ALFC) must be provided with a proper controller. Ziegler-Nichols method is being used to tune the parameters of the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for Load Frequency Control of Hybrid Power System (HPS). Traditional PID controllers are capable of handling a larger varieties of rapid changes in load variations in renewable energy hybrid power systems. This work considers the HPS of 2000 MW power system including RE resources. The OP4510 is utilized for hardware-in-loop (HIL) simulation to test the accomplished controller's real-time applicability. The MATLAB simulation and the Real-Time simulator provide identical results.
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Zhang, Yuqi, Chuan He, Anqi Xv, and Xiaoxiao Tang. "Two-Stage Chance-Constrained Coordinated Operation of an Integrated Gas–Electric System." Energies 15, no. 12 (June 18, 2022): 4458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124458.
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Under the background that the high penetration of renewable energy generation, which mainly consists of wind power, will have a significant impact on electric power systems due to the volatility and uncertainty of renewable energy, energy systems with gas–electric coupling and interconnections have been widely studied to accommodate renewable energy generation. This paper proposes a two-stage chance-constrained coordinated operation model of an integrated gas–electric system and fully considers the uncertainty and high penetration of wind power. The Taylor series expansion method is used to linearize the Weymouth gas flow equation of a natural gas system and finally obtains a mixed integer linear programming model. Case studies show the effectiveness of the integrated energy system for peak shaving, valley filling, and promoting wind power accommodation. The proposed model ensures the consumption of wind power generation and also reduces the operation cost by about 0.7%.
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Baliyan, Arjun, Isaka J. Mwakitalima, Majid Jamil, and M. Rizwan. "Intelligent Energy Management System for a Smart Home Integrated with Renewable Energy Resources." International Journal of Photoenergy 2022 (February 8, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9607545.
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In this paper, an intelligent energy management system for the smart home that combines the solar energy as well as the energy from the battery storage devices has been proposed to reduce the dependency on the power grid and make the system to be more economical. The proposed system manages the energy requirement of the smart home by properly rescheduling and arranging the power flow between the energy storage devices, grid power, and the photovoltaics. The power grid can absorb the excess power from the designed system whenever the load requirement is low, and on the other hand, it can supply the power to the load in case of peak demand. Therefore, in the designed system, a user has the flexibility to sell the extra power for the purpose of revenue. A thorough simulation of the system has been carried out, and the results obtained show the effectiveness of the approach in terms of energy management between the different sources.
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Shahapure, Sachin B., Vandana A. Kulkarni (Deodhar), and Ramchandra P. Hasabe. "Performance Analysis of Renewable Integrated UPQC." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 508–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.100318.
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The enhancement in electric power quality using a single-stage solar PV integrated Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) has been discussed in this paper. The UPQC is the combination of Distributed static compensator (DSTATCOM) and Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) having the common DC voltage supply link. The DSTATCOM compensates for the load current associated problems like load power factor improvement, even and odd current harmonics elimination etc. Also, it performs the additional work of transferring power from the solar PV system to the load of the distribution system. The DVR compensates the voltage-associated power quality problems like source voltage sag, source voltage swell, and voltage distortion. Discussed UPQC with distributed generation system works on modified synchronously rotating reference frame theory. With the help of the discussed system, the two outcomes are achieved such as clean and renewable energy generation and power quality enhancement. The system is designed in MATLAB Simulink environment and then system performance is verified on Real-Time Digital Simulator (OPAL-RT OP4510) in Software in Loop Simulation (SIL) and Hardware in Loop Simulation (HIL) platforms.
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Poudel, Bikash, Linyu Lin, Tyler Phillips, Shannon Eggers, Vivek Agarwal, and Timothy McJunkin. "Operational Resilience of Nuclear-Renewable Integrated-Energy Microgrids." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 21, 2022): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030789.
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The increasing prevalence and severity of wildfires, severe storms, and cyberattacks is driving the introduction of numerous microgrids to improve resilience locally. While distributed energy resources (DERs), such as small-scale wind and solar photovoltaics with storage, will be major components in future microgrids, today, the majority of microgrids are backed up with fossil-fuel-based generators. Small modular reactors (SMRs) can form synergistic mix with DERs due to their ability to provide baseload and flexible power. The heat produced by SMRs can also fulfill the heating needs of microgrid consumers. This paper discusses an operational scheme based on distributed control of flexible power assets to strengthen the operational resilience of SMR-DER integrated-energy microgrids. A framework is developed to assess the operational resilience of SMR-DER microgrids in terms of system adaptive real-power capacity quantified as a response area metric (RAM). Month-long simulation results are shown with a microgrid developed in a modified Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)-30 bus system. The RAM values calculated along the operational simulation reflect the system resilience in real time and can be used to supervise the microgrid operation and reactor’s autonomous control.
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Mutharasan, Anburaj, and Perumal Chandrasekar. "Fault detection and power quality analysis of wind turbine system using integrated systems." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i1.pp576-585.
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Growth in the need for electric energy and fossil fuel scarcity endorses renewable energy generation sources. The generation cost of electric power utilizing wind turbines is cost-effective and straightforward compared to other renewable energy sources (RES). Recently, hasty research and developments have been presented in wind turbines (WT) by researchers globally. Although wind-based energy production is more content, planting the WT is challenging. Maintaining the WT from fault incidence is highly crucial. The fault in the WT distresses the power quality of the produced energy. This condensed power quality affects the transmission systems, substations, and loading end of the renewable source. Also, gear malfunctioning is the primary reason for most of the downtime in wind turbines. This work successfully proposed and implemented a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing-based control technique to reduce the drive train vibration. Therefore, fault detection and monitoring in WTs play an active part in power production and quality maintenance. In this work, a vibration-grounded WT gearbox fault observing scheme is proposed to increase the power quality. Precisely, a wavelet is executed to chart the vibration gesture. Also, the current sensor gesture is implemented to discover the power quality variances associated with the WT's vibration magnitude.
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Pack, Eli, Bianca Christison, Dane Winch, and Lars Narushevich. "Renewable Energy Zones in Australia: Integrated System Planning." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 19, no. 5 (September 2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpe.2021.3088745.
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He, Tingyi, Shengnan Li, Shuijun Wu, and Ke Li. "Small-Signal Stability Analysis for Power System Frequency Regulation with Renewable Energy Participation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (April 5, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5556062.
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With the improvement of the permeability of wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy, it has become one of the key problems to maintain the small-signal stability of the power system. Therefore, this paper analyzes the small-signal stability in a power system integrated with wind and solar energy. First, a mathematical model for small-signal stability analysis of power systems including the wind farm and PV station is established. And the characteristic roots of the New England power system integrated with wind energy and PV energy are obtained to study their small-signal stability. In addition, the validity of the theory is verified by the voltage drop of different nodes, which proves that power system integrated with wind-solar renewable energy participating in the frequency regulation can restore the system to the rated frequency in the shortest time and, at the same time, can enhance the robustness of each unit.
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Tadie, Abebe Tilahun, Zhizhong Guo, and Ying Xu. "Hybrid Model-Based BESS Sizing and Control for Wind Energy Ramp Rate Control." Energies 15, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 9244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239244.
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This paper presents a hybrid model constituting dynamic smoothing technique and particle swarm optimization techniques to optimally size and control battery energy storage systems for wind energy ramp rate control and power system frequency performance enhancement. In today’s modern power system, a high-proportion renewable energy grid is inevitable. This high-proportion renewable energy grid is a power system with abundant integration of renewable energy resources under the presence of energy storage tools. Energy storage tools are integrated into such power systems to balance the fluctuation and intermittence of renewable energy sources. One of the requirements in a high-proportion renewable energy grid is the fractional power balance between generation and load. One of the requirements set by power system regulators is the generation variation between two time points. A power producer is mandated to satisfy the ramp rate requirement set by the grid owner. This paper proposes dynamic smoothing techniques for initial size determination and particle swarm optimization based on optimal sizing and control of battery energy storage systems for ramp rate control and frequency regulation performance of a power system integrated with a large percentage of wind energy systems. Wind energy data taken from Zhangjiakou wind farm in China are used. The results indicate that the battery energy storage system improves the ramp rate characteristics of the wind farm. In addition, the virtual inertia capability of the battery energy storage system enabled the transient and steady-state frequency response of the test power system to improve significantly.
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Agarala, Ajaysekhar, Sunil S. Bhat, Arghya Mitra, Daria Zychma, and Pawel Sowa. "Transient Stability Analysis of a Multi-Machine Power System Integrated with Renewables." Energies 15, no. 13 (July 1, 2022): 4824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134824.
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The impact on the stability of power systems is rising as the penetration level of renewable energy with sporadic natures rises rapidly on the grid. However, the impact of different types of renewable energy sources (wind, solar) and their combination on system stability varies even with the same penetration level. This paper concentrates mainly on the stability analysis of multi-machine systems connected to various types of renewable energy sources. The study presents a simple and novel control technique named automatic reactive power support (ARS) for both single and combinations of renewable sources by injecting the available reactive power into the system during fault through converters to enhance system stability. The permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) are both considered as wind generators in this paper for comparison. In addition, transient stability enhancement is carried out by improving critical clearing time of a three-phase fault in the power system. With the creation of a 3-phase fault at various buses, stability analysis is carried out on the 9-bus WSCC test bus system and also on the 68-bus IEEE test system. Comparative analysis of six test case conditions is provided and the considered cases are without renewable source, with DFIG as a wind generator, PMSG as a wind generator, solar PV farm, wind farm with DFIG and solar PV in combination and the combination of wind farm with PMSG and solar PV. Moreover, the improvement in critical clearing time of the system is compared using conventional and proposed controls with all the aforementioned renewable sources. Comparative results show that the proposed control technique improves system stability and also that the combination of renewable energy sources ought to enhance the critical clearing time of system.
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Kim, Min-Hwi, Deuk-Won Kim, and Dong-Won Lee. "Feasibility of Low Carbon Renewable Energy City Integrated with Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2021): 7342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217342.
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This study evaluated the energy saving potential of renewable energy generation systems based on integrated solar energy in an urban environment. The solar city concept was implemented using photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal systems. As a case study, the Sejong national pilot smart city in South Korea was selected to evaluate the renewable energy penetration rate. For evaluating the proposed renewable energy systems, the electrical and thermal loads of the smart city were estimated using field measurement data. Then, the renewable energy penetration rate of the city was evaluated. The HomerPro software was used to analyze the PV generation and operating energy consumption of the natural gas (NG) generator with a district heating network. The thermal load-supporting potential of the solar thermal system was estimated using the TRNSYS software. The results showed that the proposed urban integrated renewable energy system could meet over 30% of the renewable energy penetration rate and the levelized cost of energy and total net present cost was 7% lower than the base case system (i.e., NG generator). The proposed system also exhibited 38% less CO2 emissions than the base case system.
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van der Roest, Els, Theo Fens, Martin Bloemendal, Stijn Beernink, Jan Peter van der Hoek, and Ad J. M. van Wijk. "The Impact of System Integration on System Costs of a Neighborhood Energy and Water System." Energies 14, no. 9 (May 3, 2021): 2616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092616.
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The fossil-based energy system is transitioning towards a renewable energy system. One important aspect is the spatial and temporal mismatch between intermitted supply and continuous demand. To ensure a reliable and affordable energy system, we propose an integrated system approach that integrates electricity production, mobility, heating of buildings and water management with a major role for storage and conversion. The minimization of energy transport in such an integrated system indicates the need for local optimization. This study focuses on a comparison between different novel system designs for neighborhood energy and water systems with varying modes of system integration, including all-electric, power-to-heat and power-to-hydrogen. A simulation model is developed to determine the energy and water balance and carry out economic analysis to calculate the system costs of various scenarios. We show that system costs are the lowest in a scenario that combines a hydrogen boiler and heat pumps for household heating; or a power-to-X system that combines power-to-heat, seasonal heat storage, and power-to-hydrogen (2070 €/household/year). Scenarios with electricity as the main energy carrier have higher retrofitting costs for buildings (insulation + heat pump), which leads to higher system costs (2320–2370 €/household/year) than more integrated systems. We conclude that diversification in energy carriers can contribute to a smooth transition of existing residential areas.
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Luo, Jianqiang, Yiqing Zou, Siqi Bu, and Ulas Karaagac. "Converter-Driven Stability Analysis of Power Systems Integrated with Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 16, 2021): 4290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144290.
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Renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics (PVs) have been increasingly integrated into the power system through power electronic converters in recent years. However, power electronic converter-driven stability has issues under specific circumstances, for instance, modal resonances might deteriorate the dynamic performance of the power systems or even threaten the overall stability. In this work, the integration impact of a hybrid renewable energy source (HRES) system on modal interaction and converter-driven stability was investigated in an IEEE 16-machine 68-bus power system. In this paper, firstly, an HRES system is introduced, which consists of full converter-based wind power generation (FCWG) and full converter-based photovoltaic generation (FCPV). The equivalent dynamic models of FCWG and FCPV are then established, followed by linearized state-space modeling. On this basis, converter-driven stability analysis was performed to reveal the modal resonance mechanisms between different renewable energy sources (RESs) and weak grids in the interconnected power systems and the multi-modal interaction phenomenon. Additionally, time-domain simulations were conducted to verify the effectiveness of dynamic models and support the converter-driven stability analysis results. To avoid detrimental modal resonances, a multi-modal and multi-parametric optimization strategy is further proposed by retuning the controller parameters of the multi-RESs in the HRES system. The overall results demonstrate the modal interaction effect between the external AC power system and the HRES system and its various impacts on converter-driven stability.
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Farooq, Zahid, Asadur Rahman, S. M. Suhail Hussain, and Taha Selim Ustun. "Power Generation Control of Renewable Energy Based Hybrid Deregulated Power System." Energies 15, no. 2 (January 12, 2022): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15020517.
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This work presents the power generation control of a two-area, hybrid, deregulated power system integrated with renewable energy sources (RES). The incorporation of appropriate system non-linearities and RES into the power system makes it complex, but more practical. The hybrid deregulated power system with RES is a complex nonlinear system that regularly exposes the major issue of system dynamic control due to insufficient damping under varying loading circumstances. The generation-demand equilibrium point of the power system varies following a contingency; hence, it becomes difficult to maintain the appropriate equilibrium point via traditional control approaches. To solve this problem, novel control approaches, along with rapid-acting energy storage devices (ESD), are immediate need for advanced power systems. As a result, various secondary controllers are inspected for improvements in system dynamics. A performance comparison infers the cascaded ID-PD controller as the optimum one. The secondary controller gains are successfully optimized by the powerful satin bowerbird optimization (SBO) technique. Additionally, the impact of a super-conducting-magnetic-energy-storage (SMES) device in system dynamics and control of developed power system is analyzed in this study. A sensitivity evaluation (SE) infers that SBO-optimized cascaded ID-PD controller gains are strong enough for alterations in load perturbations, system loading, inertial constant (H), solar irradiance and the DISCO involvement matrix (DIM).
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Zhao, Jun, Xiaonan Wang, and Jinsheng Chu. "The Strategies for Increasing Grid-Integrated Share of Renewable Energy with Energy Storage and Existing Coal Fired Power Generation in China." Energies 15, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 4699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134699.
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The growing share of renewable energies needs more flexible services to balance their intermittency and variance. The existing coal fired units and electrical energy storage (EES) systems may play an important role in delivering flexible services. The value of their flexibility services, along with the value of renewable energies, has to be analyzed from the perspective of the power system, in which the capacity costs and operation costs of renewable energy power units, EES systems, and thermal power generation units have to be taken into consideration. An optimal model is built to analyze the renewable energy integration and the flexibility services delivered by the EES systems and thermal power units in a power system. Taking the existing thermal power units and EES systems in North China Power Grid as an instance, the overall cost of the grid is examined for the penetration of renewable energies and flexible service provision. The results show that the growing shares of renewable energies are affected by their capacity credits and flexibility sources in the grid, and that the potential of thermal power units to provide flexible services will be reduced due to the replacement of renewable energies for thermal power generation. The results also indicate that the thermal units may be dispatched to have priority to delivering flexible services for the renewable energy integration, and that the curtailment of renewable energies may be regarded as one type of flexible service. According to these results, policy and strategy recommendations are put forward to weigh the role of existing coal-fired units and EES systems in providing flexible services, and to improve their compensation mechanism and their coordination.
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Nusair, Khaled, and Lina Alhmoud. "Application of Equilibrium Optimizer Algorithm for Optimal Power Flow with High Penetration of Renewable Energy." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 19, 2020): 6066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226066.
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In recent decades, the energy market around the world has been reshaped to accommodate the high penetration of renewable energy resources. Although renewable energy sources have brought various benefits, including low operation cost of wind and solar PV power plants, and reducing the environmental risks associated with the conventional power resources, they have imposed a wide range of difficulties in power system planning and operation. Naturally, classical optimal power flow (OPF) is a nonlinear problem. Integrating renewable energy resources with conventional thermal power generators escalates the difficulty of the OPF problem due to the uncertain and intermittent nature of these resources. To address the complexity associated with the process of the integration of renewable energy resources into the classical electric power systems, two probability distribution functions (Weibull and lognormal) are used to forecast the voltaic power output of wind and solar photovoltaic, respectively. Optimal power flow, including renewable energy, is formulated as a single-objective and multi-objective problem in which many objective functions are considered, such as minimizing the fuel cost, emission, real power loss, and voltage deviation. Real power generation, bus voltage, load tap changers ratios, and shunt compensators values are optimized under various power systems’ constraints. This paper aims to solve the OPF problem and examines the effect of renewable energy resources on the above-mentioned objective functions. A combined model of wind integrated IEEE 30-bus system, solar PV integrated IEEE 30-bus system, and hybrid wind and solar PV integrated IEEE 30-bus system is performed using the equilibrium optimizer technique (EO) and other five heuristic search methods. A comparison of simulation and statistical results of EO with other optimization techniques showed that EO is more effective and superior and provides the lowest optimization value in term of electric power generation, real power loss, emission index and voltage deviation.
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Stoyanov, N., D. Abornev, S. Smirnov, and A. Stoyanov. "System of Integrated Energy Supply of Separate Facilities from Renewable Energy Sources." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaes-2017-0014.
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Abstract The relevancy of the study is due to low efficiency of using solar and geothermal energy in the existing process schemes. In this regard, this article is aimed at revealing the possibilities of using solar and geothermal energy for the integrated energy supply of separate facilities from renewable energy sources. The mathematical simulation method based on the theory of graphs of energy system operation, which makes it possible to analyze the efficiency of the integrated use of solar and geothermal energies for the heat-cold supply of separate facilities, is the main approach to studying this problem. Energy consumption throughout the year and the emergency energy source capacity in “peak” modes were determined based on the developed mathematical model of managing the system of integrated power supply of separate facilities from renewable energy sources plotted with the use of the theory of graphs. The article materials are of practical value for the designers of the systems of integrated heat-cold supply of separate facilities.
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B, Vivekanadam, and Karuppusamy P. "Integrated Renewable Energy Management System for Reduced Hydrogen Consumption using Fuel Cell." March 2021 3, no. 1 (May 25, 2021): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2021.1.005.
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The hybrid energy sources and their behavior may be controlled by monitoring and sensing with the help of a single or multiple control strategies incorporated in the energy management system. Utilization of the battery state of charge (SOC) and reduction in the consumption of hydrogen are the main objectives of battery and fuel cell (FC) based renewable hybrid power systems. The lifespan of the hydrogen storage as well as battery may be improved while improving the cost reduction benefits using these parameters. These objectives are achieved by designing an integrated energy management system (IEMS). A battery, supercapacitor (SC), proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and Photovoltaic (PV) cell are combined to provide the required power to a predetermined load to form a renewable hybrid power system (RHPS). During daylight, PV is the master power source in RHPS. During the shading or night time, FC is the secondary power source. When high load power is required, the FC is supported by the battery. Load fast change or load transient operation is performed by the SC. Maximum SOC value and minimum hydrogen consumption value is obtained simultaneously based on predetermined functions that aids in switching between the state machine control, frequency decoupling and fuzzy logic based integrated strategies in the proposed energy management model. When compared to the stand-alone strategies, the integrated model achieves increased SOC and reduced hydrogen consumption. When maximum value of PV power is attained, the surplus power is displayed at the load. The battery is charged using this surplus power. The stand-alone strategies and integrated strategy results are compared. The attainment of the goal of IEMS is confirmed from this comparison.
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Shrestha, Tej Krishna, and Rajesh Karki. "Utilizing Energy Storage for Operational Adequacy of Wind-Integrated Bulk Power Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 28, 2020): 5964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175964.
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Renewable energy resources like wind generation are being rapidly integrated into modern power systems. Energy storage systems (ESS) are being viewed as a game-changer for renewable integration due to their ability to absorb the variability and uncertainty arising from the wind generation. While abundant literature is available on system adequacy and operational reliability evaluation, operational adequacy studies considering wind and energy storage have received very little attention, despite their elevated significance. This work presents a novel framework that integrates wind power and energy storage models to a bulk power system model to sequentially evaluate the operational adequacy in the operational mission time. The analytical models are developed using a dynamic system state probability evaluation approach by incorporating a system state probability estimation technique, wind power probability distribution, state enumeration, state transition matrix, and time series analysis in order to quantify the operational adequacy of a bulk power system integrated with wind power and ESS. The loss of load probability (LOLP) is used as the operational adequacy index to quantify the spatio-temporal variation in risk resulting from the generation and load variations, their distribution on the network structure, and the operational strategies of the integrated ESS. The proposed framework is aimed to serve as a guideline for operational planning, thereby simplifying the decision-making process for system operators while considering resources like wind and energy storage facilities. The methodology is applied to a test system to quantify the reliability and economic benefits accrued from different operational strategies of energy storage in response to wind generation and other operational objectives in different system scenarios.
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Niemierka, Elżbieta, and Piotr Jadwiszczak. "Potential of individual heat pumps for renewable energy storage in Smart Grid." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000057.
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Ever-increasing power market and environmental policy enforce growth of renewable power sources. Renewables inflexibility and dependency on weather condition causes periodically imbalance in power system due to the green power overproduction. With the increase of renewable sources, the balancing problems in power system will be increasingly significance issue. It is proposed to use individual heat pumps as a next tool for energy system adjustment support. Power system adjustment will be carried out by active demand side management by intended domestic hot water tanks overheating. The smart grid individual heat pumps setpoints will be switched at community or even country scale. The strategy allows shaving the overproduction peaks through short-term increase of electricity consumption in remote controlled heat pumps and to lowering power demand during green power deficits using the thermal energy stored in overheated domestic hot water. The dynamic mathematical simulations were made to define the operation and limitation of active control strategy of heat pumps integrated into smart grid. The results allow testing and assessing the potential of individual heat pumps as a next tool for balancing the power system with large scale of renewable power.
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Moghaddasi, Haleh, Charles Culp, and Jorge Vanegas. "Net Zero Energy Communities: Integrated Power System, Building and Transport Sectors." Energies 14, no. 21 (October 28, 2021): 7065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217065.
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A Net Zero Community (NZC) concept and its energy characteristics are presented in this paper. NZC is an emerging topic with multiple variations in terms of scope and calculated methods, which complicates quantifying its performance. This paper covers three key barriers in achieving NZC targets: (1) the main focus of current definitions on buildings, disregarding community power systems and energy use in transportation; (2) different requirements (source, supply, metrics, etc.) in the existing definitions; and (3) lack of updated published reports to track the progress of committed NZC targets. The importance of this research is summarized as due to increased savings in primary energy and greenhouse gas emissions related to the three main energy sectors, namely power systems, buildings, and transportation (PBT). To clarify the current NZC, this paper reviews: (1) variations in the existing definitions and criteria from peer-reviewed publications; (2) the latest climate projection models by policymakers to achieve net zero by 2050; (3) the literature on renewable-based power systems; and (4) three planned NZC cases in international locations, in order to study their NZC targets, energy performance, and challenges. The outcome highlights NZC design guidelines, including energy efficiency measures, electrification, and renewables in PBT sectors that help stakeholders including policymakers, developers, designers, and engineers speed up achievement of NZC targets.
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Alberto Alvarez, Ernesto, Mika Korkeakoski, Ariel Santos Fuentefría, Miriam Lourdes Filgueiras Sainz de Rozas, Ramsés Arcila Padura, and Jyrki Luukkanen. "Long-Range Integrated Development Analysis: The Cuban Isla de la Juventud Study Case." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 15, 2021): 2865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102865.
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The use of renewable energy sources (RES) has increased exponentially worldwide, as an alternative to the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels and to mitigate their effects on the environment. Cuba is not lagging behind in this development since the government’s plan until 2030 includes the contribution of renewable sources as a fundamental component in the national energy mix. This paper models possible scenarios based on 2019 statistics for achieving a 25% and 100% penetration of renewable sources by 2030 in the Isla de la Juventud’s (an island south of the main island of Cuba) electrical power system (EPS). This modeling is carried out utilizing and open source Excel-based accounting framework Long-range Integrated Development Analysis (LINDA). For this purpose, international and national trends in the use and development of renewable energy sources and the influence of the characteristics of each renewable source (wind, solar, biodiesel, battery storage) were analyzed. The analysis of Isla de la Juventud’s electrical power system was based on the characteristics of its energy mix, the possibilities of renewable energy penetration and the current and future energy demand by sector. Based on the analysis, two probable scenarios were modeled with LINDA model: a 25% renewable energy-based scenario (RENES) and a 100% renewables-based scenario (MAXRES). Results from RENES and MAXRES scenarios show high penetration of renewable energy sources in electricity generation is theoretically possible with the abundance of renewable energy resources, and thus it is possible for Cuba to move towards 100% renewable energy mix. However, the choices regarding the best fit energy mix need to be carefully analyzed in order to design a least cost system that answers the needs of the future demand.
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Magni, Chiara, Alessia Arteconi, Konstantinos Kavvadias, and Sylvain Quoilin. "Modelling the Integration of Residential Heat Demand and Demand Response in Power Systems with High Shares of Renewables." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 6628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246628.
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The EU aims to become the world’s first climate-neutral continent by 2050. In order to meet this target, the integration of high shares of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) in the energy system is of primary importance. Nevertheless, the large deployment of variable renewable sources such as wind and photovoltaic power will pose important challenges in terms of power management. For this reason, increasing the system flexibility will be crucial to ensure the security of supply in future power systems. This work investigates the flexibility potential obtainable from the diffusion of Demand Response (DR) programmes applied to residential heating for different renewables penetration and power system configuration scenarios. To that end, a bottom-up model for residential heat demand and flexible electric heating systems (heat pumps and electric water heaters) is developed and directly integrated into Dispa-SET, an existing unit commitment optimal dispatch model of the power system. The integrated model is calibrated for the case of Belgium and different simulations are performed varying the penetration and type of residential heating technologies, installed renewables capacity and capacity mix. Results show that, at country level, operational cost could be reduced up to €35 million and curtailment up to 1 TWh per year with 1 million flexible electric heating systems installed. These benefits are significantly reduced when nuclear power plants (non-flexible) are replaced by gas-fired units (flexible) and grow when more renewable capacity is added. Moreover, when the number of flexible heating systems increases, a saturation effect of the flexibility is observed.
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Bharatee, Anindya, Pravat Kumar Ray, Bidyadhar Subudhi, and Arnab Ghosh. "Power Management Strategies in a Hybrid Energy Storage System Integrated AC/DC Microgrid: A Review." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 7176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197176.
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The limited availability of fossil fuel and the growing energy demand in the world creates global energy challenges. These challenges have driven the electric power system to adopt the renewable source-based power production system to get green and clean energy. However, the trend of the introduction of renewable power sources increases the uncertainty in the production, control, and operation of power systems due to the erratic nature of the environment. To overcome these meteorological conditions, some support systems, such as storage devices, are integrated with renewable energy sources (RES). A number of storage devices are hybridized to get the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) to get a potential solution for these microgrid problems. For maintaining the robustness and reliability of the power system, proper control, and management of power in the microgrid is very important. In this paper, an analytical study related to power management strategies is given along with different interconnection topologies for the HESS. Analysis and control of storage devices are necessary to avoid the premature degradation of the devices and to get their optimal utilization. Therefore, this article attempts to include different power management schemes used in AC/DC microgrids. Furthermore, various control techniques specific to different energy storage devices are reviewed extensively, which would serve as a complete guide for the design and implementation of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid.
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Song, Seok-Ho, Jin-Young Heo, and Jeong-Ik Lee. "Design Considerations for the Liquid Air Energy Storage System Integrated to Nuclear Steam Cycle." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 8484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188484.
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A nuclear power plant is one of the power sources that shares a large portion of base-load. However, as the proportion of renewable energy increases, nuclear power plants will be required to generate power more flexibly due to the intermittency of the renewable energy sources. This paper reviews a layout thermally integrating the liquid air energy storage system with a nuclear power plant. To evaluate the performance realistically while optimizing the layout, operating nuclear power plant conditions are used. After revisiting the analysis, the optimized performance of the proposed system is predicted to achieve 59.96% of the round-trip efficiency. However, it is further shown that external environmental conditions could deteriorate the performance. For the design of liquid air energy storage-nuclear power plant integrated systems, both the steam properties of the linked plants and external factors should be considered.
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Chang, Jing Yi, Yean Der Kuan, Chih Hsun Yao, and Sheng Ching Chan. "Integrated Application of Renewable Energy Technology in Building Energy Efficiency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.51.
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During the average fifty or sixty years of building lifecycles, large amounts of energies are consumed at all stages, from the production of building materials, transportation for project constructions, daily use, and maintenance to demolition, in particular, the daily energy consumption of air-conditioners, lighting, and elevators. The main “energy saving indicator,” from among nine green building indicators, evaluates the electrical power consumption of air conditioners and lighting. The main evaluation items are building envelope heating load ratio, air-conditioner energy efficiency ratio, and lighting energy saving ratio. During evaluation, the promotion and application of renewable energy is encouraged by incentive factors. The development and use of renewable energy technology may improve energy utilization efficiency, maintain a balance of supply and demand, and reduce environmental pollution, thus, this study developed a indoor personal office system with 1KW solar energy and a 500W proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM fuel cell) as the power source, which is composed of LED indoor lighting, air fan, LED table lamp, notebook computer, printer, and acoustic equipment. Under continuous operations of 24h, this office system will generate 12kwh of electricity, which reduces 7.656kg of carbon dioxide output. If continuously operated for 1 year, it will generate 4,320kwh electricity, which reduces 2,756.16kg of carbon dioxide output. In addition, the side product water can be recycled as landscape water.
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Oladunjoye, Olamide O., Yekeen O. Olasoji, Kazeem B. Adedeji, Olayide A. Oladunjoye, and Chinedu G. Olebu. "A Solar Energy Control System for On-Grid Energy Storage Device." European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6, no. 3 (May 10, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejece.2022.6.3.429.
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Renewable energy sources could be harnessed to provide intermittent power and their integration into the grid has improved power availability. Nonetheless, ensuring the stability of the output of such a system has been a major concern. The inability to control the output of renewable resources such as solar results in operational challenges in power systems. To compensate for the fluctuating and unpredictable features of solar photovoltaic power generation, electrical energy storage systems have been introduced that may be integrated into the grid. In this paper, a solar photovoltaic model for an on-grid energy storage device was developed using MATLAB/Simulink, and the model was optimized using a fuzzy logic algorithm. The overall simulation results show that the output of the PV model can be controlled using a fuzzy-based optimization algorithm. The result of the fuzzy logic controller gave a better performance with good voltage stability. Also, the fuzzy-based optimization helps boost the voltage profile of the system.
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Nikolova, S., A. Causevski, and A. Al-Salaymeh. "Optimal operation of conventional power plants in power system with integrated renewable energy sources." Energy Conversion and Management 65 (January 2013): 697–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2011.11.035.
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Wu, Yuan-Kang, Wen-Shan Tan, Yu-Shuang Chiang, and Cheng-Liang Huang. "Planning of Flexible Generators and Energy Storages under High Penetration of Renewable Power in Taiwan Power System." Energies 15, no. 14 (July 19, 2022): 5224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145224.
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The proportion of renewable power generation in the world has been increasing in recent years. However, the fluctuations and uncertainties of renewable power generation bring a considerable challenge to future unit scheduling. Therefore, the generation flexibility in power systems becomes more critical as a large amount of renewable generation is integrated into power systems. The use of flexible generators with energy storage systems is one of the most efficient methods of improving power system flexibility. The primary purpose of this study is to explore the effect of generation flexibility on the cost of unit scheduling. A flexibility index is used to evaluate the generation flexibility in the Taiwan power system, and a multi-scenario analysis for renewable power integration is considered. This study also considers various system constraints, such as the unit commitment of actual hydro and thermal units, the scheduling of flexible internal combustion engines (ICEs) and energy storage systems, and possible curtailments of renewable power generation. According to the seasonable characteristics of renewable power generation, this study provides a suitable capacity for flexible ICE units and energy storage systems. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the cost of unit scheduling is effectively reduced by increasing flexible ICE units and energy storage systems. The results of this study can be used as a reference for power systems in preparing flexible generating units and energy storage systems under the integration of a large amount of renewable power generation in the future.
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Aboumahboub, Tino, Robert J. Brecha, Himalaya Bir Shrestha, Ursula Fuentes, Andreas Geiges, William Hare, Michiel Schaeffer, Lara Welder, and Matthew J. Gidden. "Decarbonization of Australia’s Energy System: Integrated Modeling of the Transformation of Electricity, Transportation, and Industrial Sectors." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 24, 2020): 3805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153805.
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To achieve the Paris Agreement’s long-term temperature goal, current energy systems must be transformed. Australia represents an interesting case for energy system transformation modeling: with a power system dominated by fossil fuels and, specifically, with a heavy coal component, there is at the same time a vast potential for expansion and use of renewables. We used the multi-sectoral Australian Energy Modeling System (AUSeMOSYS) to perform an integrated analysis of implications for the electricity, transport, and selected industry sectors to the mid-century. The state-level resolution allows representation of regional discrepancies in renewable supply and the quantification of inter-regional grid extensions necessary for the physical integration of variable renewables. We investigated the impacts of different CO2 budgets and selected key factors on energy system transformation. Results indicate that coal-fired generation has to be phased out completely by 2030 and a fully renewable electricity supply achieved in the 2030s according to the cost-optimal pathway implied by the 1.5 °C Paris Agreement-compatible carbon budget. Wind and solar PV can play a dominant role in decarbonizing Australia’s energy system with continuous growth of demand due to the strong electrification of linked energy sectors.
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R, Tharwin Kumar. "DM System of Residential Loads with Integrated Renewable Energy Sources." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47989.
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Abstract: In the world, many new imminent technologies are premeditated and introduced to lessen the carbon emission and various summit takes places every year. Moreover, the countless scholars are betrothed in the field of renewable resources like solar energy, wind energy and various renewable sources across the globe. This technology gap put forth the new innovation of emission control with energy management topology. An AC small micro-grid system with Renewable energy sources like an EV, DG are implemented and mainly controlling of load shift for domestic residential applications are designed. In case of PV, the controlling of temperature plays a vital role in this design, whereas the conditions like Standard Test Condition and Nominal Operating Cell Temperature modes are intended. Furthermore, the secondary backup support system like battery (EV) are aimed to provide non interrupted power deliver in the scenarios of lower irradiance, moreover D-Q algorithm optimization are used to AC load regulation and this design simulated using MATLAB.
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Sahu, Bhooshan Lal, and Dr Yogesh Tiwari. "Maximum Power Point Tracking Powered Solar PV Grid Integrated System Using DSTATCOM." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 3966–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44819.
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Abstract: The energy crisis has arisen as a consequence of rapid depletion of fossil fuels and a growing awareness of the need of environmental preservation. As a result, scientists are attempting to develop new methods for harvesting renewable energy sources. Maintaining usage efficiency is essential for conserving resources for future generations. Due to the availability of renewable energy sources, the goal of this study is to explore, assess, and underline the importance of a PV system that is linked to the grid and as a consequence the description of PV systems in connection to grid regulation is examined. The micro grid concept decreases the number of reversals in a single AC or DC grid, making it easier to connect variable renewable AC and DC sources and loads to energy systems. Energy storage systems (ESS) are one way to improve the quality of a power supply while also assuring its stability. The distributed static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) is used to adjust if the AC network is unable to supply the power requirement. The suggested model was simulated in MATLAB R2020a simulink programme to see if it was feasible using an Intel core Pentium(R) dual core processor running at 2G.20GHz and 3GB RAM in a 64 bit configuration.
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Ramos, Helena M., Brandon Vargas, and João Roquette Saldanha. "New Integrated Energy Solution Idealization: Hybrid for Renewable Energy Network (Hy4REN)." Energies 15, no. 11 (May 26, 2022): 3921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15113921.
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A review of different energy components is detailed, as a baseline of fundamentals for the new integrated energy concept idealization. This innovative solution is a Hybrid for Renewable Energy Network (Hy4REN) based on well-studied elements to produce the best final solution. This proposal has the objective of improving energy system sustainability, facing fossil fuel and climate change restrictions, and increasing energy network flexibility. The most mature energy storage technology, pumped hydropower energy storage (PHES), is used to support both the grid connection and stand-alone modes, as an integrated hybrid energy system. The hybrid system idealization is modular and scalable, with a complementary nature among several renewables, using sea water in offshore mode to build an integrated solution. By evaluating a variety of energy sources, complemented with economic analysis, the benefits associated are evidenced using this sustainable methodology based only on renewable sources. Combined production of hydropower, using sea water, with pumped storage and water hammer events to create potential energy to supply hydropower in a water loop cycle, without consuming electrical energy, is explored. Other renewable sources are also integrated, such as floating solar PV energy and an oscillating water column (OWC) with coupled air-venting Wells and wind turbines, all integrated into the Hy4REN device. This complementarity of available sources allows us to improve energy storage flexibility and addresses the energy transition toward net-zero carbon emissions, inducing significant improvements in the sustainability of the energy network as a whole.
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Rao, K. Lokeswara. "Power Quality Enhancement of Grid Integrated Distribution System with Renewable Energy Sources." International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research 8, no. 8 (August 25, 2020): 4607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2020/91882020.
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Parthasarathy, S., R. M. Nimosini, and R. Thangasankaran. "POWER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT IN RENEWABLE ENERGY INTEGRATED MICRO GRID SYSTEM USING DVR." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RECENT TRENDS IN ENGINEERING & RESEARCH 05, no. 07 (July 30, 2019): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.23883/ijrter.2019.5068.ipphk.
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Sechilariu, Manuela. "Intelligent Energy Management of Electrical Power Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 2951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082951.
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Smart grid implementation is facilitated by multi-source energy systems development, i.e., microgrids, which are considered the key smart grid building blocks. Whether they are alternative current (AC) or direct current (DC), high voltage or low voltage, high power or small power, integrated into the distribution system or the transmission network, multi-source systems always require an intelligent energy management that is integrated into the power system. A comprehensive intelligent energy system aims at providing overall energy efficiency with regard to the following: increased power generation flexibility, increased renewable generation systems, improved energy consumption, reduced CO2 emission, improved stability, and minimized energy cost. This Special Issue presents recent key theoretical and practical developments that concern the models, technologies, and flexible solutions to facilitate the following optimal energy and power flow strategies: the techno-economic model for optimal sources dispatching (mono and multi-objective energy optimization), real-time optimal scheduling, and real time optimization with model predictive control.
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Li, Ting Ting, Guo Qiang Xu, and Yong Kai Quan. "A Review on Hybrid Solar Power System Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 281 (January 2013): 554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.281.554.
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Solar energy utilization has met some complicated problems in recent years, like energy storage, solar thermal power generation dispatchability and grid connection etc. The concept of hybrid solar power systems proposed in early researches has extended the conditions of exploiting solar power generation technology，this paper reviews hybrid solar power system technologies in the past 40 years. According to different complementary energy resources, hybrid solar/renewable energy and solar/conventional energy systems have been discussed in this paper. Particularly, this article presents the thermal and economic performances of Integrated Solar Combined Cycle System (ISCCS).
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Ismaila, Zubairu, Olugbenga A. Falode, Chukwuemeka J. Diji, Omolayo M. Ikumapayi, Adetokunbo A. Awonusi, Sunday A. Afolalu, and Esther T. Akinlabi. "A global overview of renewable energy strategies." AIMS Energy 10, no. 4 (2022): 718–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022034.
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<abstract> <p>Population expansion and increased industrialization are driving up global energy demand. Similarly, the most populous African country, Nigeria generates and transmits electricity far less than is required to meet her basic residential and industrial demands. Alternative means such as fossil fuel-powered generators to complement these demands are still not sufficient to meet these demands with notice to their limitation such as high lifecycle cost and carbon dioxide emission. Renewable energy resources are suitable substitutes for existing electricity sources to fulfil growing demand. Extensively in this paper, a review on the research progress of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRESs) and Integrated Renewable Energy Systems (IRESs) in the different continents of the world was presented considering methodologies, approaches, and parameters such as technical, economic, and emission limitation in determining the optimal renewable energy system in their present locality. According to the study's findings, about 63% and 22% of the research were conducted in Asia and Africa respectively, from which the research is mostly conducted in rural and remote areas of these continents.</p> </abstract>
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Tang, Ming, Jian Wang, and Xiaohua Wang. "Adaptable Source-Grid Planning for High Penetration of Renewable Energy Integrated System." Energies 13, no. 13 (June 28, 2020): 3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13133304.
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To adapt to the growing scale of renewable energy and improve the consume ability of the power system, it is necessary to design a highly adaptable planning scheme for high penetration of the renewable energy integrated system. Thus, this paper firstly gives the conception of system adaptability and designs an adaptability index system, which considers the supply and demand balance, operation state, and network structure of the high penetrated renewable energy integrated system. It can help to comprehensively evaluate the system ability towards uncertain shocks. Then, a two-stage source-grid coordinative expansion planning model is presented. The adaptability indexes of supply and demand balance are used as objection of the source planning stage, the adaptability indexed of the operation state and network structure are used to guide the grid planning stage. The model is further solved based on the coordination between the source and grid planning stage. Finally, the case study verifies that the obtained optimal plan has good adaptability to the impact of renewable energy on the power supply capacity and security operation.
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Narayanan, Muthalagappan. "Configuring the Objective Function of A Model Predictive Controller for An Integrated Thermal-Electrical Decentral Renewable Energy System." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 10, no. 2 (January 4, 2021): 317–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.34241.
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With the increasing integration of decentral renewable energy systems in the residential sector, the opportunity to enhance the control via model predictive control is available. In this article, the main focus is to investigate the objective function of the model predictive controller (MPC) of an integrated thermal-electrical renewable energy system consisting of photovoltaics, solar thermal collectors, fuel cell along with auxiliary gas boiler and electricity grid using electrical and thermal storage in a single-family house. The mathematical definition of the objective function and the depth of detailing the objectives are the prime focus of this particular article. Four different objective functions are defined and are investigated on a day-to-day basis in the selected six representative days of the whole year for the single-family house in Ehingen, Germany with a white-box simulation model simulated using TRNSYS and MATLAB. Using the clustering technique then the six representative days are weighted extrapolated to a whole year and the outcomes of the whole year MPC implementation are estimated. The results show that the detailing of the mathematical model, even though is time and personnel consuming, does have its advantages. With the detailed objective function, 9% more solar thermal fraction; 32% less power-to-heat at an expense of 32% more gas boiler usage; 6% more thermal system effectiveness along with 10% increased total self-consumption fraction with 16% decrease in space heating demand, 492 kWh more battery usage and 66% reduced fuel cell production is achieved by the MPC in comparison to the status quo controller. Except for the effectiveness of the thermal system with increased gas boiler usage, which occurs due to less power-to-heat, the detailed objective function in comparison to the simple mathematical definition does evidently increase the smartness of the MPC.