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Miao, Quan S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Raising a renewable energy-focused private equity fund denominated in foreign currencies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65813.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-75).
China's private equity industry has seen rapid growth during the past decade. Private equity funds focused on different sectors and stages and denominated in different currencies are competing for limited investment opportunities. To succeed in the ultracompetitive environment, private equity firms need to demonstrate the ability to raise new funds and generate satisfactory returns for their investors in the long term. Bohai Industrial Investment Fund Management Co., Ltd ("BIIFM") is one of China's earliest and largest private equity fund manager of RMB-denominated funds and currently manages an RMB6.08 billion (US$900 million) fund. Now in its fourth year of the five-year investment period, BIIFM is in the position to raise a new fund as its first fund will soon be substantially invested. BIIFM, however, is faced with different options in determining the specific type of fund to raise. The new fund can be an RMBdenominated one, like the first fund, or a U.S. dollar-denominated one. It can be a generalist fund, investing across sectors, or a sector-specific one. For BIlFM to have a competitive edge in this ever more competitive industry, a well-planned fundraising strategy is essential. Based on my observations of the recent development in China's private equity industry, I believe that developing expertise in certain areas will help a fund distinguish itself from competitors. Meanwhile, raising a U.S. dollar-denominated fund will give BIIFM additional flexibility in investment and complement its current RMB fund. Therefore, in this thesis I propose a plan for BIIFM to raise a U.S. dollar-denominated fund focusing on the energy sector, especially the renewable energy area. To this end, I discuss opportunities in China's private equity industry, best practices for raising and managing parallel funds in China, the rationales for BIIFM to raise this new fund, specific proposal for this fund, as well as investment opportunities in the renewable energy sector.
by Quan Miao.
S.M.
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Lian, Zheng. "Housing renewal in Beijing : observation and analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23700.
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Rehabilitation and reconstruction of dilapidated houses in the Old City is now the central issue of urban development of Beijing. On the one hand, it relates to the life of 800,000 people who live in old and dilapidated houses in the old residential quarters; on the other hand, it directly deals with the issue of preservation of the image of the old city. Starting with three pilot projects in 1988, 37 Stage One projects have been completed and some projects of further Stages are in the process of being built within the urban renewal program. However, the result is not so satisfactory in fulfilling its ends.This study is conducted in two main stages: first it attempts to demonstrate the rather complex circumstances which the urban renewal program is encountering. The redevelopment process is examined from the perspectives of political intention, economic limitation, professional dedication as well as concerns of the powers-that-be at different levels. Second, through the in-depth study on the process, preservation of the old city and re-accommodation of the original residents are raised to be the two key issues to evaluate the performance of the program. Detailed discussions are thus held around these two topics.
Efforts have also been made to find where the problems lie in order to direct the change of the political intention and consequently result in the adjustment of the policies and practice. Only then is it possible for the redevelopment program not to deviate from its main goals, which are to improve the living conditions of people and to preserve the image of the ancient capital.
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Paty, Melanie C. "Promoting Bold Investment in Renewable Energy Research and Development." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1208.
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This thesis discusses the potential for private investment to fund ambitious renewable energy research and development to help mitigate climate change. I begin by discussing the threat of global warming and a brief history of renewable energy development in the United States. Next, I discuss existing avenues for private investment in renewable energy, potential methods of increasing corporate participation, and the belief that businesses must maximize only financial profits. Then I perform an in-depth case study of pension funds that have incorporated a social or environmental mission, existing environmentally focused mutual funds, and liquidated clean energy mutual funds. Finally, I compare the historical performance of the existing mutual funds to the liquidated to determine a profit threshold below which clean energy focused funds fail and discuss optimal investment strategies to foster bold renewable energy investment.
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Annelin, Alice. "Comparing the Volatility of Socially Responsible Investments, Renewable Energy Funds and Conventional Indices." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-91029.
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A growing concern among investors for social responsibility in relation to the business world and its effect on the environment, society, and government has increased and therefore different types of stock indices and funds that incorporate socially responsible ideals have been developed. However, a literature review revealed that there does not seem to be much information about the volatility of Green Funds or Socially Responsible Investments (SRI). Volatility is an important part of understanding the financial markets and is used by many to understand asset allocation, risk management, option pricing and many other functions. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the volatility performance of SRIs, REFs and Conventional Indices by using different models CAPM, SR, JA and EGARCH, and monthly and daily data from the US, UK, Japan and Eurozone financial markets to compare results. This thesis has been conducted by following an objective ontological and positivist epistemological position, because the data used for analysis in this thesis is independent from the author and has studied what actually exists, not what the author seeks to interpret. The research approach is functionalist, because this thesis sought to explain how the investments function in relation to volatility comparisons in different financial markets and if this volatility can be predicted through a framework of rules designed by previous researchers. The design is a deductive study of quantitative, longitudinal, secondary data, because hypotheses are derived from theory to test the volatility of time series data between the year 2007 and 2012 through empirical evidence. Statistical evidence was found to suggest that the EGARCH model for volatility measurement is the best fit to model volatility and daily data can give more information and better consistency between results. SRIs were found to be less volatile than CIs in all financial markets; REFs were found more volatile than CIs in the US and Eurozone markets but not in the UK and Japan markets; REFs were found to be more volatile than SRIs in all markets except the UK; REFs were also found to be more volatile than SRIs and CIs during a recession in all markets except the UK. Evidence also indicated that the correlations between REFs and SRIs in the US and Eurozone were significant, but not significant in the UK and Japan market samples. The correlations were low between the UK and Japan SRIs, Japan and Eurozone SRIs and Japan SRI and Eurozone REF, which suggest that an investor may consider to diversify between these investments. However, all other statistically significant correlations between financial markets were high and could consequentially deliver poor long term investment performance.
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Samara, Rana. "Urban reconstruction in the twentieth-century : the postwar deconstruction of Beirut, Lebanon." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23703.
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In the aftermath of the succession of abortive planning schemes and the indiscriminate destruction of war (1975-1991), it is the self-inflicted pattern of destruction that has caused the most damage to the urban fabric of Beirut, Lebanon: the reconstruction process itself. Through the examination of pre- and postwar plans and strategies, this study establishes destruction as a framework in the urban history of Beirut. The eradication of cultural heritage and urban memory is evident in the demolition of half the city fabric and the privatization of reconstruction, and continues through the implementation of the proposed market-led rebuilding strategy.This thesis frames the reconstruction of Beirut within comparative methodologies of urban rebuilding in the twentieth century, namely those of post-W.W.II Europe (as manifested in Warsaw and Rotterdam) and those of contemporary market-led urban regeneration (as exemplified by London Docklands). As a critique of the proposed rebuilding of Beirut, it contributes to the re-negotiation of the process and policy of urban reconstruction at the national and international levels.
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Levy, Michelle. "Nostalgia and renewal : the soundtracks of Rushmore and High Fidelity." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98551.
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This thesis is an analysis of two film soundtracks, High Fidelity and Rushmore, and how each conforms to, and moves away from, trends in soundtrack production. The analysis begins by examining the relationship between film and music through the progression of key figures and moments leading to the current state of the film soundtrack. The soundtracks of High Fidelity and Rushmore are situated within the contexts of youth and rock culture as a means of illuminating their compilations and prospective audiences. The conclusion of this thesis is that these particular films and their soundtracks are entrenched in a dialogue about nostalgia and the superiority of archival music and provide clear examples of the growing use of nostalgia within cultural contexts generally.
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Mansouri, Zia. "Governing innovation : internet and renewal in Swedish banks /." Göteborg : School of Business, Economics and Law, Göteborg University, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016398666&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Boland, Terry W. "A case study of lower secondary school reform, renewal and culture." Curtin University of Technology, Faculty of Education, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13576.
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The case study examines the outcomes of a process of re-structuring, renewal and cultural change in a school undergoing transformation from a senior high school to a middle school. The research investigates the impact of school improvement initiatives on the school and classroom culture and learning environment after 12 to 18 months of reform implementation.The research approach is a developmental mixed method investigation utilising quantitative and qualitative data collection procedures. The study proceeded through two stages: Quantitative surveying of students and parents prior to the implementation of school improvement initiatives; and quantitative and qualitative surveying of students and parents after 12 and 18 months, respectively, of reform implementation and application of the treatment.Evidence of change in the college and classroom culture and learning environment was evident after twelve months. The case study identified that students and parents identified changes in a number of elements of the classroom culture and learning environment. These included improvements in home-school communications, involvement in classroom planning and organization, relationships between teachers and students, school culture and evidence of pedagogical change. The research also identified that change had not occurred in the attainment of student learning outcomes, educational values and parent confidence to assist students in their learning.It became apparent that change in the organisational culture had occurred within the first 12 to 18 months. However, change to the deeper cultural dimensions of educational values and student learning outcomes were less in evidence.
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Filipcevic, Vojislava. "Bright lights, blighted city : urban renewal at the crossroads of the world." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23720.
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The strict divisions of city spaces created by physical urban planning disintegrated under transformations of capitalism and its accompanying crises of overaccumulation, social urban planning was elaborated to more effectively control the capitalist city and to reintegrate the increasingly blighted areas of the once popular amusements into the economy.This disciplined reintegration, unsuccessfully attempted in New York City's Times Square since the late 1920s. is finally being realized by the redevelopment forces that began shaping the city's spatial practices in the wake of the fiscal crisis of 1975. The development projects undertaken in midtown Manhattan following the recovery from the fiscal crisis are transforming the renowned Times Square theater district into a strikingly different urban environment. The new politics of redevelopment under the regime of flexible accumulation are almost exclusively oriented towards economic development that is equated with speculative property investments, rebuilding Times Square to promote the global city's finance monopoly. Denying the existence of the public realm and celebrating free market laissez-faire policy, the 42nd Street Development Project, under the guise of removing blight, is eliminating the undesirable and underprivileged from the new image of the Bright Lights District. Times Square as a center of the local popular culture of Broadway theaters, cinemas, restaurants, billboard spectaculars, and public celebrations, has been lost as a public space. In the redevelopment projects now imaging the Crossroads of the World, the lost city of the past is recreated through the commodification of its collective memory, fashioning a Disneyfied spectacle for the global urban center. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Ormsby, Charles Martin. "A framework for estimating the total cost of buried municipal infrastructure renewal projects." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66768.
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As Canadian municipalities venture into rehabilitation and replacement of extensively deteriorated underground water distribution and sewerage assets, municipal decision-makers, engineering and construction research bodies and the public all feel that this type of construction work can have adverse effects on the society. This thesis reviews these negative impacts which include, but are not limited to damage of nearby buried and above-ground infrastructure, disruption of traffic, loss of accessibility to businesses, health hazards to workers and the public, and finally environmental pollution and damage. There is presently no accepted practice-oriented method for the evaluation of these social, economic and environmental impacts. This research project proposes a framework to enable municipalities, utility agencies and contracting firms to quantitatively estimate the total cost to society of buried municipal infrastructure renewal projects using open trench, or trenchless construction methods. The total cost of a project is the sum of all the direct and indirect costs borne by the client organization, and external costs borne by society. The external costs can be separated into three components: social, economic and environmental costs. Use of the proposed methodology in a case study of a water main rehabilitation project using trenchless technologies in the city of Montreal, Canada, revealed that the indirect and external costs of the project were approximately 25 percent of its direct costs. The most significant cost components were those attributable to increased vehicular travel time and lost business income.Les municipalités canadiennes s'apprêtent à implanter de grands programmes de réhabilitions et de remplacements des systèmes d'aqueducs et égouts gravement détériorés. Les ingénieurs, entrepreneurs, centres de recherches en génie civil, ainsi que le public affirment que ces travaux ont des impacts négatifs sur la société. Ce mémoire fait état de ces impacts qui incluent, entre autres, l'endommagement des infrastructures avoisinantes, le dérangement de la circulation, la perte d'accessibilité aux entreprises, les risques en santé chez le public et les ouvriers, mais aussi la pollution et l'endommagement environnemental. Présentement, en pratique, il n'y a aucune méthode pour évaluer ces impacts sociaux, économiques et environnementaux. Ce projet de recherche propose aux municipa lités, aux fournisseurs de systèmes public et aux entrepreneurs un procédé pour quantifier le coût total à la société, attribuable à des projets de renouvellement des infrastructures-souterraines par les méthodes de tranchée ouverte ou sans-tranchée. Le coût total d'un projet est la somme des coûts directement et indirectement assumés par le client, ainsi que les coûts externes assumés par les membres de la société. Les coûts externes peuvent être séparés en trois catégories : les coûts sociaux, économiques et environnementaux. Dans le cadre de ce projet, une évaluation du coût total d'un projet de réhabilitation d'aqueduc par technique sans-tranchée à Montréal a conclu que les coûts indirects et externes montaient à 25 pour cent des coûts directs considérés dans le contrat. Les délais aux usagers routiers et la réduction des chiffres d'affaires des entreprises étaient attribuables aux deux plus grands coûts sociaux, économiques et environnementaux.
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Cousineau, Julien. "Hydrodynamic Impacts of Tidal Lagoons in the Upper Bay of Fundy." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23060.
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Among sources of renewable energy, development of tidal energy has traditionally been plagued by relatively high costs and limited availability of sites with sufficiently high tidal amplitudes or flow velocities. However, many recent technology developments and improvements, both in design (e.g. dynamic tidal power, tidal lagoons) and turbine technology (e.g. new axial turbines, crossflow turbines), showed that the economic and environmental costs may be brought down to competitive levels comparing to other conventional energy sources. It has long been identified that the Bay of Fundy is one of the world’s premier locations for the development of tidal power generating systems, since it has some of the world’s largest tidal ranges. Consequently, several proposals have been made in the recent years to find economical ways to harness the power of tides. Presently, there is considerable interest in installing tidal lagoons in the Bay of Fundy. The lagoon concept involves temporarily storing seawater behind an impoundment dike and generating power by gradually releasing the impounded seawater through conventional low-head hydroelectric turbines. A tidal lagoon will inherently modify the tides and tidal currents regime in the vicinity of the lagoon, and possibly induce effects that may be felt throughout the entire Bay of Fundy. The nature of these hydrodynamic impacts will likely depend on the size of the tidal lagoon, its location, and its method of operation. Any changes in the tidal hydrodynamics caused by a tidal lagoon may also impact on the transport of sediments throughout the region and upset ecosystems that are well adapted to existing conditions. The scale and character of the potential hydrodynamic impacts due to tidal lagoons operating in the Bay of Fundy have not been previously investigated. The present study endeavours to investigate these potential impacts to help the development of sustainable, science-based policies for the management and development of clean energy for future generations. After outlining fundamental aspects of tidal power projects taken in consideration in the Bay of Fundy, an analysis of present knowledge on tidal lagoons was conducted in order to provide a focus for subsequent investigations. Hydrodynamic modeling was used to quantify any of the potential hydrodynamic changes induced in the Bay of Fundy due to the presence of tidal lagoons. In the last part of the thesis, new relationships were derived in order to describe the amount of energy removed from tidal lagoons associated with its hydrodynamic impacts.
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Faubert, Amélie. "Towards the identification of cellular and molecular regulators of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103195.
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Self-renewal is central to the expansion of normal and cancerous stem cells. Its understanding is therefore critical for future advances in transplantation-based therapies and cancer treatment. Although the molecular machinery controlling stem cell self-renewal remains poorly defined, a number of genes important to this process have recently been identified. Two prominent genes in this group are Hoxb4 and Bmi1. Members of our group led the way to demonstrate important regulatory functions of these genes in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and expansion.The major goal of my thesis project is to dissect mechanisms that regulate self-renewal of HSCs. Our starting hypothesis was that HSC activity is regulated by complementary and independent self-renewal mechanisms: self-renewal of expansion and self-renewal of maintenance (Chapters 1-2). In order to further verify this theory, we have analyzed the genetic interaction between Hoxb4 and Bmi1. While Hoxb4 overexpression triggers HSC expansion, Bmi1 proper expression is essential to sustain long-term stem cell activity. We have also demonstrated that Hoxb4 and Bmi1 regulate distinct gene targets, likely suggesting a complementary and independent function for these two regulators in HSC activity (Chapter 3).
The second part of this thesis highlights efforts that were made in order to get a better understanding of self-renewal mechanisms. We have identified potential new regulators of stem cell activity by characterizing a stem cell leukemia population (Chapter 4) and by assessing the expression of asymmetrical distributed factors (Chapter 5) and selected nuclear factors of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Nuclear Factor Database (Chapter 6) in stem cell-enriched sub-fractions.
This project will lead to a better understanding of the cellular basis regulating self-renewal of both normal and cancer stem cells and potentially to the future identification of new self-renewal determinants.
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Ng, Ka-Chui. "The partnership approach to urban renewal by the land development corporation in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602313.
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Urban renewal in Hong Kong has a long history. However, the difficulties in land acquisition and rehousing had made most of the Government's urban renewal attempts unsuccessful. Moreover, urban renewal projects often caused citizen protest resulting in years of negotiations between the Government and the affected communities. On the other hand, piecemeal urban redevelopment by individual developers has always resulted in an undesirable "pencil" urban pattern which make long term comprehensive redevelopment more difficult. The Land Development Corporation (LDC) was established in 1988 to promote and facilitate urban renewal by means of utilisation of resources in the private sector (i.e. public-private partnership approach). This dissertation conceptualises that the fundamental causes of implementation problems for LDC's urban redevelopment projects in Hong Kong relate to the Mackintosh's concept of "partnership". Problems and issues arise when there are inequalities occur in the distribution of power among partners in urban renewal partnerships. The LDC's urban redevelopment projects without addressing this critical factor would eventually fail. With the increasing accountability to the urban planning processes, the Hong Kong Government can no longer ignore the significance of "community involvement" in urban renewal. The LDC's partnerships involve different parties such as property owners, private developers and different user categories as well as the Government. Their interaction may lead to conflictual interests through three major issues of partnerships: motivation of partnership, distribution of cost and benefits among the partners and the power relations between the public and private sectors in deal making. It has been possible to address these dilemmas using urban regime theory, the approach underlying this research. In this respect, two case studies of the redevelopment partnership projects examine the difficulties and the role of the LDC in promoting and facilitating urban renewal. In particular this dissertation is revealed that the popularity of the partnership approach faded away as quickly as it had become popular. The most important explanation is that under the existing Land Development Corporation Ordinance, the Hong Kong Government used the concept as an instrument to solve the financial problems in urban redevelopment processes. The Government was not aware of the social dimension of partnership. The concept can be applied in a successful way only if the relationship with private developers and affected residents is redefined. To address the LDC's partnership problems in a comprehensive way, a fundamental redefinition of the existing relationship between different stakeholders is proposed. Firstly, has to be based on the concept of the "Government-led" approach which requires reducing limitations in the current's Land Development Corporation Ordinance, and the successful of urban redevelopment could only be achieved through Government intervention. Secondly, a new Urban Renewal Authority (URA) with much wider jurisdiction, power and resource base than the existing the Land Development Corporation is recommended Thirdly, it is recommended that urban redevelopment must embrace a wider community agenda. This needs to relate physical redevelopment in a more equitable way towards wider economic, social and community concerns. Finally, the dissertation is concluded that the inclusion of community participation in administrative and legislative processes will definitely help to balance power amongst Government, the Land Development Corporation, private developers, and the affected residents in urban redevelopment process.
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Heckerl, David K. "From Emerson's 'Great guest' to Strauss's Machiavelli : innocence, responsibility, and the renewal of American studies." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35708.
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My dissertation explores the intense crisis of sensibility experienced by liberal intellectuals in cold war America, with special emphasis on the desire to renew liberal democratic culture by moving, in mind and spirit, from innocence to responsibility. The latter term, however, expresses sentiments of civic virtue or republicanism very much at odds with liberalism; hence the ultimate failure of liberals to consummate their own sense of what is most needful or necessary. Although liberals clearly desire the sensational execution of innocence, their inability to be "altogether evil" (Machiavelli) consigns them to the equivocating limbo of what R. W. B. Lewis called the "new stoicism." The liberal desire for renewal does find its consummation, however, in Leo Strauss's Thoughts on Machiavelli (1958), which instructs liberals in the salutary benefits of a philosophical republicanism. As embodied in Machiavelli himself, this mode of republicanism promises to emancipate liberals (if only they would listen) from the tyranny of innocence, thereby effecting the desired regenerative movement to civic responsibility.
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Bonin, Geneviève. "Accountability and the CRTC: an evaluation of the Canadian commercial radio licence renewal process (1997-2007)." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95102.
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In most areas of public policy, where regulation is expected to exhibit transparency and accountability, evaluation is recognized as necessary. Broadcasting is no different. Nevertheless, recently published reports repeatedly argue that a new evaluative approach for broadcasting processes and policies is required not only because current Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) policies and programs are inadequate, but also because past assessments are outdated and new methodologies should be adopted. Evidence is provided by numerous scholarly articles and public forum testimonies in recent years. In this context, the objective of this dissertation is to determine how and to what extent the CRTC holds radio station owners accountable to the objectives of the Broadcasting Act, 1991 through the application of the Radio regulations, 1986, the Commercial Radio Policy, 1998 and the Commercial Radio Policy, 2006, as well as broadcasters' conditions of licence. Using a normative evaluation approach, the methodology for this research involved documentary analysis of 141 radio station licence renewal decisions from the perspective of the law, policies, regulations and CRTC annual reports, to determine the extent to which the objectives of the Broadcasting Act, 1991 are met. Measurements and criteria for this study were based on an extensive literature review and an understanding of the process itself. This analysis was complemented by information obtained through interviews with relevant stakeholders. Findings yield compelling distinctions between the formal licence renewal process and what actually takes place. Although the CRTC seems to have criteria to evaluate stations and has been moving toward streamlining in recent years, it is apparent that case by case approaches are still employed. Information concerning the types of mistakes' the CRTC considers when evaluating a file and their consequences are also relevant results of the study. AnDans la plupart des secteurs de politiques publiques, où la réglementation est censée assurer transparence et responsabilisation, il est reconnu que l'évaluation est nécessaire. Le secteur de la radiodiffusion n'est pas différent. Toutefois, de récents rapports plaident sans cesse en faveur d'une nouvelle approche pour évaluer le système de radiodiffusion et ses politiques non seulement parce que les politiques et programmes du Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des télécommunications canadiennes (CRTC) sont inadéquats, mais aussi, car les systèmes d'évaluations antérieurs sont périmés et de nouvelles méthodologies devraient être adoptées. La preuve est fournie par les multiples articles et témoignages dans les forums publics mis à notre disposition dans les dernières années. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de cette recherche est de déterminer comment et à quel point le CRTC assure l'imputabilité des propriétaires de stations vis-à-vis les objectifs de la Loi sur la radiodiffusion, 1991, et son application dans le règlement de 1986 sur la radio, la politique de 1998 sur la radio commerciale et celle de 2006, en plus des conditions de licence des radiodiffuseurs. En utilisant une approche normative d'évaluation, cette recherche comprend une analyse de la loi et des politiques, des rapports annuels du CRTC et des décisions de renouvellements de 141 stations de radio pour déterminer jusqu'à quel point les objectifs de la Loi sur la radiodiffusion, 1991 sont atteints. Les mesures et les critères pour cette partie de l'étude ont été établis en fonction d'une analyse documentaire exhaustive et une compréhension du processus lui-même. Cette analyse est soutenue par les informations obtenues durant des entrevues avec des parties prenantes pertinentes. Les résultats ont fourni des informations intéressantes au sujet des différences entre les politiques écrites du renouvellement de licences et les procédures réelles. Même si le CR
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Houseworth, Sean C. "Determinants of Green Power Purchases: An Analysis of the EPA's Green Power Partnership." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/592.
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This paper explores the factors that drive purchases of green power by private and public organizations. Using a cross-sectional analysis of participants in EPA’s Green Power Partnership, I explore whether state energy policies have motivated increased consumption of green power among these participating organizations. Additionally, I analyze economic and political variables by state to determine if certain factors contribute to an organization’s green power purchases. I find that state mandates on renewable energy production and lower premiums for green power lead to increased purchases of green power for members of the Green Power Partnership.
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Azmi, Syahrul Ashikin. "Grid integration of renewable power generation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23161.
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This thesis considers the use of three-phase voltage and current source inverters as interfacing units for renewable power, specifically photovoltaic (PV) into the ac grid. This thesis presented two modulation strategies that offer the possibility of operating PV inverters in grid and islanding modes, with reduced switching losses. The first modulation strategy is for the voltage source inverter (VSI), and exploits 3rd harmonic injection with selective harmonic elimination (SHE) to improve performance at low and high modulation indices, where the traditional SHE implementation experiences difficulties due to pulse dropping. The simulations and experimentation presented show that the proposed SHE allows grid PV inverters to be operated with less than a 1kHz effective switching frequency per device. This is vital in power generation, especially in medium and high power applications. Pulse dropping is avoided as the proposed modified SHE spreads the switching angles over 90°, in add ition increasing the modulation index. The second proposed modulation strategy, called direct regular sampled pulse width modulation (DRSPWM), is for the current source inverter (CSI). It exploits a combination of forced and natural commutation imposed by the co-existence of an insulated gate bipolar transistor in series with a diode in a three phase current source inverter, to determine device dwell times and switching sequence selection. The DRSPWM strategy reduces switching frequency per device in a CSI by suspending each phase for 60°, similar to VSI dead-band, thus low switching losses are expected. Other benefits include simple digital platform implementation and more flexible switching sequence selection and pulse placement than with space vector modulation. The validity of the DRSPWM is confirmed using simulations and experimentation. This thesis also presents a new dc current offset compensation technique used to facilitate islanding or grid operation of inverter based distributed generation, with a reduced number of interfacing transformers. The proposed technique will enable transformerless operation of all inverters within the solar farm, and uses only one power transformer at the point of common coupling. The validity of the presented modulation strategies and dc current offset compensation technique are substantiated using simulations and experimentation.
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Moreira, Tulio Marcondes. "Augmented Tidal Resonant System: Design for Uninterrupted Power Generation." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1462460475.
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Achuo, George. "Partner satisfaction and renewal likelihood in consumer supported agriculture (CSA) : a case study of The Equiterre CSA network." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19555.
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Ebata, Kevin. "Spermatogonial stem cells show an age-dependent and age-independent difference in commitment to self-renewal and differentiation." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21944.
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The lifelong process of spermatogenesis is supported by spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Because of their ability to self-renew and produce differentiated cells that transmit genetic information to the next generation, SSCs are an important target cell population to restore male fertility. Pup (6-8 days old) and adult mouse SSCs are believed to possess different characteristics. In order to determine if there is a difference in biological activity of SSCs, in Aim 1, I evaluated the self-renewal and differentiation pattern of pup SSCs and compared it to adult SSCs. Using serial transplantation, I showed that pup SSCs preferentially commit to differentiation during the first month after transplantation compared to adult SSCs. This difference in biological activity of pup and adult SSCs may be due to age-dependent and age-independent effects. To investigate the age-dependent effect, in Aim 2, I used immunomagnetic cell sorting to evaluate the expression pattern of cell-surface molecules on pup and adult SSCs. Transplantation of selected cells showed that pup SSCs preferentially express glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor alpha 1, a GDNF receptor, compared to adult SSCs, indicating an age-dependent difference in cell-surface molecule phenotype. In Aim 3, I investigated the age-independent effect of cell cycle activity on SSC commitment to self-renewal and differentiation, based on the fact that pup SSCs are known to cycle more actively than adult SSCs. To investigate the fate decision of cycling SSCs, I used an SSC culture system, which allows for expansion of SSCs in the presence of GDNF and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Transplantation of SSC cultures temporally exposed to a retroviral vector carrying the LacZ gene showed a ~100-fold increase in the number of SSCs that divided in the presence of GDNF and FGF2. However, this increase in cell cycle activity stimulated SSCs to produce differentiating cells at the expense of their oLes cellules souches germinales (CSGs) sont responsables de la production à vie de spermatozoïdes et constituent le seul type cellulaire pouvant s'autorenouveler et contribuer au patrimoine génétique de notre progéniture et représentent donc une cible idéale pour restaurer la fertilité masculine. Il est généralement accepté que les CSGs pré-pubères (6 à 8 jours) et adultes possèdent des caractéristiques distinctes. Pour déterminer si leur activité biologique est différente, j'ai évalué leur potentiel d'autorenouvellement et de différenciation par transplantation séquentielle. Contrairement aux CSGs adultes, les CSGs pré-pubères empruntent préférentiellement la voie de différenciation le premier mois post-transplantation. Cette différence entre les CSGs adultes et pré-pubères pourrait découler de facteurs reliés à l'âge. Afin d'éxaminer l'influence de l'âge sur leur activité biologique, j'ai utilisé une approche d'immunosélection cellulaire par tri magnétique pour évaluer l'expression de protéines membranaires des CSGs adultes et pré-pubères. La transplantation des cellules sélectionnées a montré que GFR alpha 1, un récepteur pour GDNF (glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor), est préférentiellement exprimé sur les CSGs pré-pubères, démontrant un effet de l'âge sur le phénotype membranaire des CSGs. Puisque les CSGs pré-pubères se divisent plus activement que les CSGs adultes, j'ai avons ensuite déterminé l'effet de l'activité du cycle cellulaire sur le potentiel d'autorenouvellement et de différenciation des CSGs. Pour évaluer le rôle du cycle cellulaire sur la détermination de la destinée des CSGs, j'ai utilisé un système de culture qui permet l'expansion infinie des CSGs en présence des facteurs de croissance GDNF et FGF2 (fibroblast growth factor 2). Les CSGs ainsi cultivées ont été transduites par un vecteur rétroviral contenant le gène rapporteur LacZ et soumises à une transplant
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Smith, Nicola Anne Visocchi. "Decision support for new and renewable energy systems deployment." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21192.
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The global requirement for sustainable energy provision will become increasingly important over the next fifty years as the environmental effects of fossil fuel use become apparent. Therefore, the issues surrounding integration of renewable energy supplies need to be considered carefully. The focus of this work was the development of a decision support framework that will aid the design of sustainable energy systems for the supply of electricity, heat, hot water and fuel for transportation. Issues requiring consideration in high percentage renewable energy systems include the reliability of the supply when intermittent sources of electricity are being used, and the subsequent necessity for storage and back-up generation. In order to allow the modelling of realistic integrated systems that supply the total energy needs of an area, the production of fuels derived from biomass and waste and their use in a variety of different plant types (e. g. vehicles, engines, turbines, fuel cells, electrolysers, heating and hot water storage systems) is an important consideration. The temporal nature of both intermittent electricity and derived fuel supplies must be taken into account in any analysis. Existing demand and supply matching software has been enhanced to allow the full analysis described. Generic algorithms have been developed to allow the behaviour of a comprehensive list of plant types and methods for producing derived fuels to be modelled, which require only available process and manufacturers' data. The program is flexible, generic and easy to use, allowing a variety of supply strategies to be analysed. This has been shown through the study of a small Scottish island, which highlights the importance of derived fuel production and use. This work has succeeded in developing a more complete tool for analysing the feasibility of integrated renewable energy systems. This will allow informed decisions to be made about the technical feasibility of supply mix and control strategies, plant type and sizing, suitable fuel production, and fuel and energy storage sizing, for any given area and range of supply options.
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Gu, Xinyi. "Harmonic analysis in power network with renewable power generator." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28655.
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Considering the rapidly rising cost of primary fuel for electricity generation and the extensive concern of the international community for global warning, electricity generation with renewable sources has been actively developed all over the world. A large number of renewable energy generators, more highly sensitive electronic equipment and more electronics or microprocessor controllers are used in the power system. It has brought new challenges to supply quality, and thus the study of Power Quality (PQ) has become obviously important. Harmonic analysis plays an important role in PQ study because harmonic has great influence on the power system equipment as well as on their operation. Harmonics can lead to operation failure of electrical and electronic components, overheating of neutral wires and transformer, failure of power factor correction capacitors, loss in power generation and transmission, and interference with protection, control and communication networks as well as customer loads. Therefore, developing an advanced PQ disturbances classification system and a more accurate harmonic analysis method is the key of this thesis. It is necessary to determine the sources and causes of such disturbances to solve PQ problems. When the type of disturbance has been classified accurately, PQ engineers can define the major effects at the load and analyse the source of the disturbances. Many approaches based on Fourier Transform (FT) and neural network for the classification of PQ disturbance have been developed in the last few years. The key factor of these methods is that the correct rate for the actual event is not high enough and thus there is still space to improve accuracy. In this thesis, a fuzzy-expert system based on Wavelet Transforms (WT) to classify power supply waveforms into different groups or categories for PQ classification is proposed with the aim which is to classify the disturbance type with higher accuracy. A new approach for the evaluation of harmonic contents of power system waveforms is also proposed in [sic] thesis. The conventional harmonic analysis method is Fourier analysis. However, Fourier analysis provides signals which are mainly localised in the frequency domain and it gives limited information of the signals in the time domain. Furthermore, the FT cannot obtain accurate values of amplitude and phases from harmonics with frequencies different from that of the window function frequency. In order to overcome the limitations of Fourier analysis and obtain better results, wavelet analysis has been proposed. A novel harmonic analysis method using Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform (DWPT) filter bank decomposition and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) identification has been proposed. In order to evaluate the performance and result of the proposed analysis method, another two conventional methods, i.e. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the combination method of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) filter bank and CWT calculation, are compared through a large number of identical applications. Based on the harmonic analysis, the harmonic penetration is considered and its effects to power networks with increasing of renewable power generations are investigated. With increasing of renewable generators in power networks, it creates PQ problems caused by harmonic injections with a large frequency range, such as integer-harmonics, inter-harmonics and sub-harmonics. Therefore, the steady state harmonic power flow in power system with discrete frequencies is calculated with Root Mean Square (RMS) values of bus current and voltage magnitudes and Total Harmonic Voltage Distortion (THDv) values. Variable of tests are designed to investigate the effects to the harmonic penetration with multiple types of harmonic sources in power networks.
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Hamim, Thoha. "Moenawar Chalil's reformist thought : a study of an Indonesian religious scholar (1908-1961)." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40151.
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This thesis studies Moenawar Chalil's reformist thought, as it was patterned after that of earlier reformists. Issues which have been long formed the heritage of religious reform appear therein, ranging from a call to return to the original sources of Islam to condemnation of popular religious practices. In his approach to Qur'an-interpretation, Chalil stripped the texts of legendary traits, rejected the principle of naskh, offered a particular approach to the interpretation of the mutashabihat verses and emphasized the i'jaz 'aqli/. His aim was to revitalize the Qur'an's function as a guide for modern life and to stress its compatibility with present modes of thought. Chalil's call for the emulation of the Prophet's sunnah was designed to reestablish the latter's direct link to rulings of a legal nature. He urged greater scrutiny of the authenticity of hadiths in order to restore the simplicity of faith and to halt inappropriate practices falsely attributed to the Prophet's example. This attitude was the logical outcome of his puritan stance, which was also manifested in the scope of his ijtihad which he restricted only to matters related to the purification of 'aqidah and 'ibadah. Similarly, Chalil's total rejection of the practice of taqlid shows his puritan agenda which went beyond even that of the early reformists. This extreme position, however, led him to misunderstand the true meaning of taqlid and its role both in the procedures of the judicial system and in shaping the faith of the 'awamm. Chalil's concept of ittiba' did not assess the intellectual state of the 'awamm, whose inability to detect the reasons behind the proofs meant that they would inevitably have to remain in a state of taqlid. Similarly, his call for the abandonment of the madhhab only helped to foster a new taqlid in response to this position. Also central to Chalil's reformist thought was his revision of the understanding of the basic tenets of Islam and his correction of the tradition
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Templeton, Jeffrey. "Abandoned petroleum wells as sustainable/renewable sources of geothermal energy." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121344.
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Geothermal energy is an important emerging renewable technology that has the potential to provide power from a virtually unlimited reserve worldwide. The downside to exploiting geothermal energy is the capital intensive drilling of the borehole needed to access relatively hot resources located deep under the ground. However, abandoned petroleum wells present an interesting opportunity to circumvent the capital costs associated with drilling. This thesis proposes a sophisticated heat transfer model that is capable of realistically simulating the heat flow through a double pipe heat exchanger and the surrounding rock mass. The sophisticated model is compared with the analytical cylindrical source model, and two numerical models and reaches comparable results. The purpose of this model is to provide an accurate and realistic representation of heat flow and temperature distribution for a heat exchanger retrofitted to an abandoned well. The effects that inlet fluid temperature, insulation, thermal conductivity of the rock mass, mass flow rate of the working fluid, and vertical movement of groundwater have on the sustainability and performance of the double pipe heat exchanger are investigated. A constant power model is also proposed in order to assess the sustainable rate of heat extraction from a geothermal resource.L'énergie géothermique est une technologie renouvelable émergente importante qui a le potentiel de fournir de l'énergie d'une source pratiquement illimitée. Le désavantage de l'énergie géothermique est l'ampleur du capital des forages qui sont requis pour accéder aux ressources plus chaudes. Utiliser les forages de pétrole abandonnés est une opportunité originale pour circonvenir ce désavantage. Cette thèse propose un modèle sophistiqué qui est capable de simuler le flux de chaleur à travers un échangeur de chaleur à tube double et le flux de chaleur à travers la masse rocheuse autour du forage. Le modèle sophistiqué est comparé avec le modèle analytique de source cylindrique, et deux autres modèles numériques et arrivent aux résultats comparables. Le but de cette modèle sophistiqué est de fournir une représentation précise et réaliste du flux de chaleur et la distribution de la température pour un échangeur de chaleur situé dans un forage de pétrole abandonné. Les effets de la température d'entrée de fluide, l'isolation, la conductivité thermique de la masse rocheuse, le taux de débit massique du fluide actif, et le mouvement vertical de l'eau souterraine sur la durabilité et performance de la conception sont enquêtés. Un modèle de puissance constante est aussi proposé pour l'extraction de l'énergie géothermique encore plus durable.
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Robb, David MacKenzie. "Model based predictive control with application to renewable energy systems." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20379.
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In the promotion and development of renewable energy systems, control engineering is one area which can directly affect the overall system performance and economics and thus help to make renewable energies more attractive and popular. For cost effectiveness, ideally the renewable energy industry requires a control design technique which is very effective yet simple with methods that are transparent enough to allow implementation by non-control engineers. The objective of this thesis is to determine if Model Based Predictive Control (MBPC) is a suitable control technique for use by the renewable energy industry. MBPC is chosen as it uses simple and fairly transparent methods yet claims to be powerful and can deal with issues, such as non linearities and controller constraints, which are important in renewable energy systems. MBPC is applied to a solar power parabolic trough system and a variable speed wind turbine to enable the general applicability of MBPC to renewable energy systems to be tested and the possible benefits to the industry to be assessed. Also by applying the MBPC technique to these two strongly contrasting systems much experience is gained about the MBPC technique itself, and its strengths and weaknesses and ease of application are assessed. The investigation into the performance of Model Based Predictive Control and in particular its application in the renewable energy industry leads to two contrasting conclusions. For simple systems with non-demanding dynamics and having a good model of the system, MBPC provides a very good and effective solution. However for more demanding systems with complex dynamics and strong non-linearities, a basic MBPC controller, applied by a non-control engineer, cannot be recommended.
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Liu, Wendi. "Numerical investigation into bio-inspired flow control for renewable turbine." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2015. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26031.
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There are several methods for enhancing the efficiency of the Vertical Axis Turbine (VAT) and Oscillating Foil Turbine (OFT), such as the variable pitch method for the VAT blade and the non-sinusoidal pitch method for the OFT. However, all of them are not bio-inspired methods. The main objective of the present research is to develop innovative methods to enhance the efficiency of a renewable turbine by using bio-inspired flow controls. In the present research, bio-inspired methods are used to modify the traditional rigid turbine blade such as the active and passive flow controlled flaps for VAT which are inspired by the fishtail motion and the active and passive blade flexibility for OFT which is inspired by butterfly wings. Simulations are carried out by solving 2D/3D Navier-Stokes equations either by themselves or fully coupled with a finite element structure solver at both laminar and turbulent flow conditions. The results show energy extraction efficiency enhancement effects by using bio-inspired flow controlled methods for both VAT and OFT under certain conditions. The mechanics of bio-inspired flow control, such as vortex control for VAT using an active or passive oscillating flap, force enhancement and phase shift effects of active flow controlled OFT and LEV control for passive flow controlled OFT, are also studied. Previous research studies on the HAT show a blade stress reduction effect and longer life cycles by using composite material or Morphing Blade (MB). However, not much is known about the performance and function of the composite material regarding VAT. The present study on the passive flow controlled spanwise flexible blade of VAT shows the blade structural characteristics associated with bending and twist deflection as sinusoidal functions. The blade external unsteady loads and the power performance of VAT are first studied, which have been further extended to a blade stress analysis.
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Zhao, Yu. "Reverse osmosis desalination in a mini renewable energy power supply system." Curtin University of Technology, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18552.
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The design, construction and testing of a reverse-osmosis (PV-RO) desalination system for fresh water shortage area is presented. The system operates from salt water or brackish water and can be embedded in a renewable energy power supply system, since many fresh shortage areas are remote and isolated. Special attention is given to the energy efficiency of small-scale reverse osmosis desalination systems. Limitations of conventional control strategy using toggle control are presented. Based on this, an objective of creating a small-scale reverse osmosis desalination system was set out. Initially, the background information is presented. This includes the natural resources crisis and main desalination technologies and the viability of the integration with renewable energy source. A reverse osmosis (RO) desalination system was assembled and set up at the Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia Supervisor Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system was built using a Human Machine Interface software and a programmable logic controller (PLC). Instrumentation that included signal conditioners was made in analysis of the system characteristics. Initial testing of the system was conducted after the system design and configuration was accomplished. Testing results were used as a guideline for the development of the whole system.Modelling and simulation of the system components in MATLABSimulink is presented, together with a discussion of the control systems modelling and design procedure, in which the aim was to improve the efficiency of the reverse osmosis system. Simulations show the designed reverse osmosis system with Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller has better performance than other controllers. This consequently leads to a lower overall cost of the water, as well as reducing full maintenance cost of the electric drives in the reverse osmosis unit. Additionally, the configuration of the remote control system through General Package Radio System (GPRS) network is depicted. After the PID control algorithm was programmed into the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), system experiments were carried out in short durations and long durations. System performance was monitored and experimental results prove that the new control strategy applied increase the water productivity and is able to improve the system efficiency up to 35%. Based on the data obtained from the simulations and experiments, Mundoo Island was chosen to be the location for a case study. The electric load profile of the island was derived from the Island Development Committee in Mundoo.
A water demand profile was created and modelled in Matlab to be the input of the reverse osmosis system. The electric load of the reverse osmosis system was generated from Matlab simulation. This result was entered in Hybrid Optimisation Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) simulator. Having the designed RO unit as one of the electric loads, the entire remote area power supply (RAPS) system was tested in simulations which shows the energy cost is AUS$0.174 per kWh, lower than the Island Development Committee budget estimation of AUS$0.25 per kWh. The cost of the water treatment is very promising at AUS$0.77 per m3.
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Asmin, Yudian W. "The slogan "Back to the Qur'an and the Sunna" : a comparative study of the responses of Hasan Hanafi, Muhammad 'Abid al-Jabiri and Nurcholish Madjid." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38433.
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This thesis compares and contrasts the responses of Hasan H&dotbelow;anafi (Egypt, b. 1935), Muh&dotbelow;ammad `Abid al-Jabiri (Morocco, b. 1936) and Nurcholish Madjid (Indonesia, b. 1939) to the slogan "Back to the Qur'an and the Sunna," a slogan that many modern Sunni reformers consider as the ideal solution to the decline of Islam in the modern age. The comparison is analyzed in the light of H&dotbelow;anafi's three dimensional Islamic reform project known as Heritage and Modernity ( Al-Turath wa al-Tajdid). Their responses to the factors that have led to the decline of Islam in the modern age will be compared from the perspective of the first and second dimensions of his project, which examine the implications of the classical Islamic and Western heritages, respectively, for the reform of Islam. It is, however, in the context of the third dimension of H&dotbelow;anafi's project, which deals with the theory and practice of interpretation, that we will examine their hermeneutics of the return to the Qur'an and the Sunna. In the process we will demonstrate how their respective backgrounds, political influences and concerns have led each of them to adopt a position that is, at one and the same time, radical and traditional.
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Saleh, Fauzan. "The development of Islamic theological discourse in Indonesia : a critical survey of Muslim reformist attempts to sustain orthodoxy in the twentieth century." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37830.
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This study aims to trace the development of Islamic theological discourse in Indonesia, from the early 1900s to the end of the twentieth century. It will focus on how modernist Muslims have constructed their theological thought throughout the century, which, in turn, reflects their religious understanding in response to the particular demands of their age. The modernist theological thought constructed so far signifies a continuum of progress, developing from one stage to the next. Implicitly, this progress also indicates the improvement of Indonesian Muslims' understanding of their own religion, which may suggest the betterment of their commitment to doctrinal beliefs and religious practices. Therefore, this study will also examine the ways in which Indonesian Islam noticeably grows more orthodox through these forms of religious commitment. Drawing upon an Indonesian term, the growth of orthodox Islam is known as the santri cultural expansion, which, at least since the last two decades of the century, has been characterized by the vertical (and horizontal) mobility of devoted Muslims in political, cultural and economic enterprises. As well, this study will include a discussion of the theological thought underlying that santri cultural expansion.
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Clavier, Juan. "Integration of renewable energy and storage in remote communities: an economic assessment." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121542.
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This thesis investigates the economic benefits derived from the integration of photovoltaic panels, energy storage systems and demand response systems into diesel-powered remote communities. The work addresses two issues associated with isolated grids: (1) the monetization of benefits as a consequence of operational improvements (2) the optimal utilization of storage and photovoltaic panels in diesel-powered grids. An evaluation of such changes from a long-term planning perspective is presented in the form of an economic benefit assessment tool. The developed methodology assesses the impacts on the financial flows of the incorporation of storage and demand response systems for two cases: a diesel-powered grid and a PV-diesel grid. The study, a cost-benefit analysis, highlights a set of benefits and incurred costs from the perspective of remote communities' stakeholders. The primary goal of the proposed systems is to reduce diesel consumption and thus improve the profitability of a remote community electricity production system.Cette étude explore les avantages économiques résultant de l'intégration de panneaux photovoltaïques, de systèmes de stockage d'énergie et de systèmes de gestion de la demande dans des communautés isolées, où l'alimentation électrique se fait par générateur diesel. Ce travail porte sur deux aspects fondamentaux du réseau isolée: (1) la monétisation des avantages obtenus des améliorations opérationnelles; (2) l'utilisation optimale du stockage et de panneaux photovoltaïques dans les réseaux fonctionnant au diesel. Pour ce faire, un outil d'évaluation est présenté afin de mesurer les impacts de cette approche dans une perspective de planification à long terme. La méthodologie développée évalue les impacts sur les flux financiers résultant de l'intégration des systèmes de stockage et des systèmes de gestion de la demande pour deux études de cas: un système à génération diesel et un système PV-diesel. L'étude, axée sur une analyse de coûts-bénéfices, met en évidence une série d'avantages et de coûts du point de vue des parties prenantes des collectivités isolées. Les mises en oeuvre ont pour objectif principal de réduire la consommation de diesel du système et d'améliorer ainsi la rentabilité des systèmes de production d'électricité des collectivités isolées.
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Alsokhiry, Fahad Saeed. "Operational issues related to the integration of renewable generation in distribution networks." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2015. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26580.
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With the dramatic increase in electricity demand and the need to tackle climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions such as CO₂, renewable generation has been increased in recent years in power systems. However, highly integrating renewable generation in distribution systems raises several issues and challenges that need to be addressed and some of these issues are investigated in this thesis. This research focuses on investigating the fault ride through, the system transient stability, the system frequency response and the grid power factor of distribution systems with high renewable energy penetration based on wind and solar-photovoltaic (PV). Several proposed control techniques for wind generators and PVs are introduced in this research to solve these issues and mitigate the negative impact of these units on distribution systems. A modified control system of DGs based on wind and PV in different distribution systems is used to help to ride through faults and meet the low voltage ride through (LVRT) grid code requirements for voltage recovery. A three phase two stage transformerless PV grid connected system is proposed with a new technique to ride through faults and protect the power electronic converters. A DC chopper is added to the DC link of wind generators to enable wind generating units to ride through faults and protect their converters from overvoltages. The Transient Stability Index method is used to assess the impact of such renewable sources on the system transient stability of various distribution networks. Different frequency control methods published in literature are used for various DGs based on wind and PV to investigate the frequency response of different distribution networks with high renewable energy penetration, and a new frequency control technique is proposed for wind generators based on Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) to improve the system frequency response. The impact of high renewable energy penetration based on wind and PV with different power factor settings on grid power factor of various distribution systems is discussed in this research. A three phase two stage transformerless PV grid connected system with reactive power capability is proposed to operate under different solar irradiance conditions and improve the utility grid power factor. Simulation results validate the proposed systems in various distribution systems, including IEEE 13 bus, IEEE 37 bus and IEEE 123 bus systems.
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Broudehoux, Anne-Marie. "Neighborhood regeneration in Beijing : an overview of projects implemented in the inner city since 1990." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26238.
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Over the last forty years, China has been facing major problems resuIting from rapid urban growth. In the last decades, great efforts were made to solve the dramatic housing shortage and to improve the appalling living conditions in overcrowded areas. In 1990, the Beijing municipal government launched a program for the renewal of the old city center. A series of residential projects has been implemented in traditional neighborhoods since then which have affected the character of the old city and the lives of its residents. So far, very few studies have been conducted to assess the implementation of the renewal program. This thesis provides an overview of the regeneration projects implemented in the inner-city of Beijing since 1990. It identifies the diverse approaches currently used, along with their impacts on the traditional environment and its population. The main weaknesses of the renewal program are discussed and suggestions are made for its future transformation.
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Abraham, Jose 1970. "Modernity, Islamic reform, and the Mappilas of Kerala : the contributions of Vakkom Moulavi (1873-1932)." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115598.
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The socio-economic and political changes effected in Kerala by the British and colonial discourse at the beginning of the twentieth century challenged traditional structures of power. This eventually resulted in social mobility within various communities which, as a result, embraced modernity and began to pursue modern education. However, Mappila Muslims' long-standing tradition of struggle against colonial powers and their hatred of British rule had led them to resist the modernization process and consequently become more socially and educationally backward than other communities in Kerala. It was in this context that Vakkom Muhammad Abdul Khadir Moulavi (1873-1932), who is acknowledged as the "father" of the Muslim socio-religious reform movement in Kerala, undertook to persuade Mappilas to embrace various aspects of modernity, especially modern education. Based mainly on primary sources written in Malayalam, this pioneering study argues that Vakkom Moulavi's thought was largely shaped by the colonial discourse on modernity. It shows how he reinterpreted Islamic principles and Muslim history using the framework of the rational, secular, universal humanism of the European Enlightenment. One result of this was that his reinterpretation precluded the possibility of understanding Islam as discursive tradition, which in turn reified Islam and negated the potential vibrancy of Islamic societies. At the same time his championing of modern education as a means to modernization eventually tore traditional Muslim education from its historical and cultural roots. The study also demonstrates that, because he saw the state is a key agent in the modernization process, he was keen to educate people about their rights and responsibilities. In sum, this analysis of Vakkom Moulavi's career demonstrates that, in order to understand the intellectual framework and activities of modern socio-religious reform movements, these latter need to be studied in the light of colonial discourse on modernity.
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Weinberg, Yoav. "Community-university partnership : past and present experiences with reference to the Israeli context." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33266.
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Community-university projects have been a common practice in most western countries since the 1960s. However, such projects are very rare in Israel. This thesis explores the possible methods by which architecture and urban planning schools and low-income communities can cooperate and examines the ways these methods can be implemented in Israel.The research investigates several community-university projects practiced in North America between the 1960s and 1990s. A set of interviews conducted with directors of schools of architecture and urban planning as well as with different actors in community-based organizations in Israel enlarges, hopefully, the understanding of the eventual possibility for such projects to exist in Israel.
This research reveals that although involvement of Israeli architecture and urban planning students in community issues has been so far rather limited, there are both demand and will among schools of architecture and community-based organizations to cooperate in the future. In conclusions, basic guidelines for a community-university project are given, tailor made for the Israeli context.
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Currie, Robert A. F. "Active power flow management to facilitate increased connection of renewable and distributed generation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12786.
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Lu, Jianfeng. "A new method for harmonic penetration study in power networks with renewable generation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24527.
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Nowadays, many power electronic equipments are used in industry in seeking higher system reliability and efficiency, and more electronic or microprocessor controllers are used in power system to control AC/DC transmission lines or loads. Moreover, the importance of green energy such as wind and solar is continually growing in our societies not only due to environmental concerns but also to resolve the problem of access to electricity in rural areas. As a result, it creates power quality issues especially harmonics. In electrical power system, harmonics have a number of undesirable effects on power system equipment as well as on its operation. In order to understand the effects of these harmonics it is first necessary to analyse the penetration of these harmonics from their various sources into the network. This process of analysis is commonly known as harmonic power flow or harmonic penetration evaluation. In the thesis a review is conducted on existing harmonic power flow methods. The previous approaches require long computing time and encounter convergence problem because of poor initial value. They are only applied to small or medium power systems with a single harmonic source. A new fast hybrid method (FHM) is developed in the thesis. It is a frequency domain method which can be used to evaluate the steady state harmonic penetration with discrete harmonic frequency. It is able to solve the convergence problem, simplify the calculation procedure and achieve accurate results. In addition, the proposed method has been applied to single phase balanced large power systems (e.g. Polish 2383-bus power system) to evaluate the harmonic penetration with integrating renewable generations. The investigation also includes the effects of harmonic penetration by changing the power capacities of renewable generations. Harmonic penetration variation during a 24 hour period is also investigated by tracking the daily generation and load demand curves. The harmonic sources considered in the thesis consist of wind turbine generator (WT), photovoltaic generator (PG), electric vehicle charger (EVC) and traditional six-pulse converters.
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Dannecker, Robert Karl Walter. "Wind energy in the built environment : an experimental and numerical investigation of a building integrated ducted wind turbine module." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20354.
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Wind is now established in Europe as a major 'renewable energy' resource, but its large scale exploitation is increasingly limited by environmental issues. Hence, on the way to a more sustainable development, it is desirable to seek ways to incorporate it into small scale embedded generation. As a first step, a prototype of a small scale Ducted Wind Turbine has been developed and tested, which seems to be feasible for integration into a conventional building. The wind flow around the building generates differential pressures which may cause an enhanced massflow through the turbine. This thesis is concerned with the investigation of the flow through building integrated duct configurations. Hence, pressure and wind speed measurements have been carried out on a wind tunnel model at different angles of incident wind. Different duct geometries with attached spoilers have been tested, and it was confirmed that wind speeds up to 30 % higher than in the approaching free stream are induced in the duct, in some cases tolerating an angle of incident wind up to 60°. The experimental work proceeded in parallel with Computational Fluid Dynamics modelling. Adaptive gridding of the complex full model geometry required a two dimensional approach, which was used to compare the predicted flow behaviour qualitatively. Three dimensional simulation of the flow field in the building integrated duct could be compared with experimental results. A new flow field mapping approach was initialised to form a two stage process in which conditions in the large-scale flow domain, modelled in a coarse three dimensional simulation, are used as boundary conditions for a localised simulation of the duct flow. Based on performance measurements of a free standing prototype in field trials and the experimentally determined wind speed in the duct, a power prediction model was developed. For the Scottish climate, the proposed device compares favorably with conventional small wind turbines and photovoltaics. The presented work evaluates the concept of harvesting wind energy in the built environment and provides outlines for the future design of a building integrated Ducted Wind Turbine module.
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Toupin, Mathieu. "Scientific Validation of Standards for Tidal Current Energy Resource Assessment." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34212.
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The tidal current energy resource is challenging to assess with accuracy and precision. An accepted standard methodology is lacking, which in turn perpetuates uncertainty and hinders the industry’s development. Technical Committee 114 of the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC-TC-114) is working to develop a standard for emerging tidal energy conversion systems. The draft standard prescribes methods for determining, objectively and reliably, the scale and character of tidal current energy resources at a site. The IEC-TC-114 draft standard for tidal energy resource assessment and characterisation has not yet been tested in a real world case study. Hence, it is not yet known whether the proposed methods will yield the desired outcome.
This research has adopted the Fundy Ocean Research Center for Energy (FORCE) project in Minas Passage, Nova Scotia, for pilot application of the draft standard on tidal current resource assessment. The Bay of Fundy, located on the Atlantic coast of North America between the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, is known for having the highest tidal range in the world and has long been recognised as an ideal stage for tidal energy development.
The thesis is presented in three main parts. Firstly, the latest peer-reviewed scientific literature is summarised and the standard is reviewed in view of lessons learned. The aim of this exercise is to establish a scientific basis for and to develop suggestions towards improving and extending future revisions of the standard. Secondly, a comprehensive assessment of the tidal current energy resource at the FORCE project site is conducted in a manner that is consistent with IEC-TC-114 protocol based on available measurements from static current profiler surveys and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the upper Bay of Fundy developed for this study. Thirdly, a sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the main sources of error and uncertainty affecting resource assessment, a topic which has yet to be addressed in the literature.
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Douglas, Tamunosaki Graham. "Development of an ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser for integrating with the electrical grid and renewable energy system." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19516.
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Electrolytic hydrogen production from an alkaline electrolyser is considered a promising energy storage technology that integrates renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, wave and tidal energy with the electrical grid. Hydrogen energy systems consisting of conventional temperature (at 80°C) alkaline electrolysers have been widely demonstrated by industry and their collaborators in academic institutions to minimise dependence on fossil fuels especially in the transport sector and thus help to ultimately reduce carbon emissions. However, the conventional temperature alkaline electrolysers are limited in terms of reliability, dynamic and fast-response operation when powered by renewable energy sources. Also, cost and safety concerns are barriers to decentralise and distribute the technology. As a result of this adds to the scepticism about the feasibility of a so called future 'hydrogen economy'. In this PhD study, an ambient temperature (at 23°C) alkaline electrolyser was investigated as part of a future integrated renewable energy system and compared with existing conventional temperature alkaline electrolyser system. The ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser is identified as a low-cost, reliable, and safe technology that is suitable for dynamic, intermittent, continuous and fast-response operation with renewable energy sources and the electrical grid. This also means the ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser is capable of wider operational range at 5%-100% of rated electrical power and faster response time in less than 1 second when powered by renewable energy sources. The auxiliary equipment are significantly reduced in the operation of ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser thereby reducing the cost of hydrogen and oxygen production and also making the technology reliable and safe for portable, stationary, transport and renewable energy system applications. Equally important is the capability of the alkaline electrolyser to efficiently convert electricity and water into hydrogen and oxygen. This is demonstrated by DC polarisation and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) analysis of the alkaline electrolyser. EIS is used to determine resistance and capacitance which are basic electrical circuit elements of the alkaline electrolyser, and thus provides useful knowledge to the electrical engineer who is interested in modelling and optimisation of alkaline electrolysers as electrical loads. Additionally, the thesis provides a systematic approach to fabricating and characterising the electrodes for the ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser that is powered directly by either renewable energy sources such as wind turbine or the electrical grid. As such, EIS has become invaluable to characterise the electrodes based on exchange current density and corrosion rates. The objective is not only to enhance energy efficiency of was investigated as part of a future integrated renewable energy system and compared with existing conventional temperature alkaline electrolyser system. The ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser is identified as a low-cost, reliable, and safe technology that is suitable for dynamic, intermittent, continuous and fast-response operation with renewable energy sources and the electrical grid. This also means the ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser is capable of wider operational range at 5%-100% of rated electrical power and faster response time in less than 1 second when powered by renewable energy sources. The auxiliary equipment are significantly reduced in the operation of ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser thereby reducing the cost of hydrogen and oxygen production and also making the technology reliable and safe for portable, stationary, transport and renewable energy system applications. the cell but to develop low-cost and durable electrodes. During this PhD work the electrodes have been characterised in an 'open-system' and flow-cell alkaline electrolyser. The 'open-system' simulates the monopolar tank-type alkaline electrolyser cell, and consists of stainless steel coated with nickel and molybdenum (SS-Ni-Mo) electro-catalyst that enhances the efficiencies for hydrogen and oxygen production. The flow-cell alkaline electrolyser has the unique advantage of modularity because the electrodes can be configured in either monopolar or bi-polar filter press arrangements. The flow-cell alkaline electrolyser is manifolded in order to capture the hydrogen and oxygen product gases that can be subsequently utilised in an alkaline fuel cell to essentially generate back electricity. It is demonstrated in this research work that, through electro-catalysis, appropriate cell design and good electrochemical engineering, efficiency and durability of the ambient temperature vestigated as part of a future integrated renewable energy system and compared with existing conventional temperature alkaline electrolyser system. The ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser is identified as a low-cost, reliable, and safe technology that is suitable for dynamic, intermittent, continuous and fast-response operation with renewable energy sources and the electrical grid. This also means the ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser is capable of wider operational range at 5%-100% of rated electrical power and faster response time in less than 1 second when powered by renewable energy sources. The auxiliary equipment are significantly reduced in the operation of ambient temperature alkaline electrolyser thereby reducing the cost of hydrogen and oxygen production and also making the technology reliable and safe for portable, stationary, transport and renewable energy system applications. alkaline electrolyser can be enhanced by about 13 % and 50 % respectively.
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Hlavatý, Adam. "Zajištění podnikatelského záměru dotací z fondů EU." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221743.
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The Master’s thesis deals with the renewable resources of energy and possibilities of funding of solar electrical power production from European union funds. The thesis also contains the feasibility study and the concept of Eko-Energie program grant application form, which can help to gain the financial support for increasing the effectivity of the project.
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Connord-Lajambe, Hélène. "Analyse des perspectives à long terme du système énergétique du Québec : le potentiel renouvable." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72808.
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Poutník, Lukáš. "Analýza hospodaření společenství vlastníků jednotek v konkrétních podmínkách Společenství XY." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142090.
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The aim of this final thesis is to explain of the flat owners associations management and point out the particularities in accounting and tax specifics of this entity. The theoretical part deals with the general characteristics of the non-governmental sector in the Czech Republic and in selected member states of the European Union. In broader context the legislation and accounting regulations related to flat owners associations are discussed as well. The practical part is focused on an analysis of accounting and tax aspects in particular conditions of Flat owners associations XY.
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Kovář, Jiří. "Financování projektů z fondů EU." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223238.
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The topic of the diploma thesis Project Financing from EU Funds is the characteristics of the issue of raising funds for local projects funded from the European Union. The thesis defines the basics of project management and methods used for evaluating the efficiency of investments. Its aim is to propose a realistic project, which is applicable to use the resources from the funds of the European Union for its co-financing.
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Linc, Ondřej. "Vodárenství v malých obcích – myslíme na budoucnost?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201914.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyse the water engineering industry from the vantage point of creating funds for the renewal of infrastructure with an emphasis on the situation in small municipalities that run their own water supply networks. On the basis of data analysis for the prices of water and sewer rates and the value of infrastructural facilities it is shown that the networks are underfinanced in a third of the municipalities with a self-reliant management model. There is a lack of finance for their reconstruction and the networks are becoming obsolete. Personal empirical research supported the surmise, that the reason for underfinancing is the mayors' attempt at appealing politics. The hypothesis that artificial decrease of prices indeed leads to higher election gains and a longer term for the mayors, was however not confirmed. The thesis concludes that to reach rectification of the situation and secure creation of funds for the renewal of infrastructure in the examined municipalities, it is necessary to increase awareness within the management of the municipalities regarding the legislative situation and secure consultations by experts.
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Susanto-Lee, Robertus. "Efficiency improvements for small-scale reverse-osmosis systems." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16974.
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The water supplies of some small inland communities may come in the form of river systems that offer brackish water. Not fit for immediate human consumption, the water can be further processed using reverse osmosis to be converted into drinking water.In very remote areas there are limited energy resources, and for those areas that lie beyond a municipal distribution grid, renewable energy sources may be used. A reverse osmosis system that operates from the limited power generated by a renewable energy system must do so with the utmost of efficiency. Three methods in improving the efficiency of small-scale reverse-osmosis system are investigated, namely high-pressure pump speed control, feed water heating and vacuum pump based energy recovery.
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Rezec, Michael. "Alternative approaches in ESG investing : four essays on investment performance & risk." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8127.
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ESG (Environmental, social, and governance) investing is an investment philosophy to inform holistic and sound decision-making of investors for the purposes of both, nourishing a stable economy with acceptable rates of return while at the same time addressing stakeholders' non-financial concerns to preserve an inhabitable planet. Some scholars in finance argue that institutions subject to norms, i.e. responsible investors pay a financial cost from engaging in ESG activities. Moreover, they see ESG investing as distracting, inappropriate, risky and legally challenging. In response, several studies have emerged to show that ESG investing is a growing interest with investors, helps to mitigate financial risks, and does not need to represent a financial cost. Despite convincing evidence in a growing body of academic literature, many questions are still open to debate. Therefore, the principal objective of this thesis is to explore three dimensions of ESG investing, namely corporate environmental responsibility, renewable energy, and ESG disclosure quality. The research questions address issues relating to pension funds' investment decisions and legal obstacles resulting from utilising ESG information, financial return and risk implications of investing in renewable energy, substitutability of renewable energy for fossil fuel investments, and the effects of ESG disclosure quality on the expected cost of capital. To answer these questions, the thesis employs several standard and alternative empirical methods from the asset pricing and risk literatures. The thesis concludes the following. First, the integration of environmental responsibility into pension fund investment decision-making processes does not impede the financial and risk performance of pension funds. This means that pension funds should be allowed to consider such information in their investment decision making processes as the information does not reduce the overall financial return of the tested portfolios and does not violate trust law, i.e. the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). Pension fund trustees have been prohibited to consider any non-financial criteria such as environmental, social, or governance criteria in their investment processes under trust law such as ERISA, when they could harm the finanical performance of the portfolio. To be more specific, a pension fund trustee breaches his fiduciary duties (the duty of loyalty and the duty of prudence), if he sacrifices the financial well-being of the pension fund for pursuing any other social goal (Langbein and Posner, 1980). In particular, the duty of loyalty is "... forbidding the trustee to invest for any object other than the highest return consistent with the preferred level of portfolio risk" (Langbein and Posner, 1980:98). Second, the thesis finds no evidence for sustained renewable energy equity premia. Furthermore, investments in renewable energy equity are considerably riskier than in fossil fuel energy equity, meaning that renewable energy firms are undergoing a period of high uncertainties related to their business model, low carbon prices, and lacking public and private infrastructure investment (Bohl et al., 2013; Kumar et al., 2012; Sadorsky, 2012b ). Finally, my thesis shows that companies with high ESG disclosure quality experience lower expected cost of equity and cost of debt financing, everything else equal.
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Soeiro, Rui Manuel Marques de Sousa. "Os fundos de investimento como instrumento de gestão financeira e urbanística para as autarquias." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1169.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Avaliação ImobiliáriaAs Autarquias têm sofrido, cada vez mais, restrições financeiras que lhes reduzem a capacidade de intervenção na gestão do seu território, o que obriga ao aumento da eficiência na utilização dos fundos públicos. A procura de instrumentos alternativos e soluções baseadas em conceitos integrados, que não afectem a capacidade de endividamento dos municípios, tem levado a que algumas recorram à criação de Fundos de Investimento Imobiliário, para desenvolver projectos imobiliários, construir equipamentos ou, simplesmente, parquear os seus imóveis. As cidades portuguesas têm os seus centros cada vez mais desertificados, não havendo oferta de comércio com qualidade, e neles só permanecem pequenas empresas que não encontraram melhor alternativa e alguns moradores idosos, em más condições de habitabilidade. As causas mais prováveis desta desertificação parecem ser o congelamento das rendas que tem existido, a complexidade do NRAU e o mau funcionamento dos tribunais. A crise energética e a lentidão cada vez maior nos movimentos pendulares têm fomentado um aumento da procura de imóveis bem localizados, sem que a oferta acompanhe estas necessidades. Este conjunto de situações levou a que, através do Método do Estudo de Caso, na acepção qualitativa de Stake (1995) e na mais quantitativa de Yin (2003), esta dissertação procurasse analisar alguns casos contíguos e complementares de implementação de Fundos de Investimento Imobiliário, FII, por parte de autarquias, num modelo de parcerias com agentes do mercado imobiliário. Como modelo de desenvolvimento, os Fundos de Desenvolvimento Urbano poderão vir a trazer os capitais necessários, através do BEI ou do CEB, para fortalecer a reabilitação urbana, quer através de FII, quer através de PPP.
Municipalities have been facing more and more financial cutbacks that reduce their capacity for managing their territory, which stresses the need for efficiency of public funding. The search for alternative instruments and solutions based on integrated concepts that do not affect municipal debt and finance, has led to the creation of Real Estate Investment Funds, that allow the development of real estate projects as well as service infrastructures - health, education, utilities. People have been abandoning the Portuguese city centres because they cannot have a good quality life. There are no good quality shops and only small companies have kept their headquarters there, because they could not afford to settle in a better place. Only elderly people live there in poor housing conditions. This happens because old low rents cannot be raised, the New Law for Urban Rents is very complex and courts work very slowly. The energy crisis and commuting increased the demand for well-located buildings; nevertheless, the offer has remained the same. The aim of this dissertation is to study some embedded cases that involve the Municipalities implementation of Real Estate Investment Funds in partnerships with real estate agents. Our methodology follows both the qualitative approach of Stake (1995) and the more quantitative one suggested by Robert K. Yin (2003). Urban Development Funds can supply capital from BEI and CEB to Real Estate Investment Funds and PPP, in order to allow urban renewal.
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Skácel, Petr. "Podnikatelský záměr rozvoje firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222255.
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This diploma thesis is focused on the present situation analyse of the company IVANA ČECHOVÁ. The begining part contains the characteristic of the analysed company and the theoretically resources. The practicall part is focused on the company problems and present situation analyse, from which the most significant lacks of business developement are determined. The improvement proposal represents the entrepreneurial intension of the company IVANA ČECHOVÁ. The examination of the entrepreneurial intension aimed at European funds is in this thesis mentioned too.
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Ali, Abdelbaset I. "Integrated Performance Analysis and Optimum Fund Allocation for Capital Renewal of Healthcare Facilities." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7705.
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Healthcare facilities, including hospitals, are among the most challenging assets to maintain and modernize. An accurate performance assessment is essential for the appropriate prioritization of the subsystems that are competing for limited capital-renewal funds. Traditionally, physical condition has been the primary indicator of performance; however, other criteria have recently been added: level of service, sustainability, and risk, all of which are crucial for hospital buildings. This research introduces a practical and efficient framework for capital renewal for hospital facilities. The framework incorporates five unique aspects: (1) a two-dimensional hierarchy that accounts for the interrelationships between the hospital systems and the hospital spaces; (2) a multi-criteria performance assessment process that combines physical condition, level of service, sustainability, and risk of failure; (3) a visual all-on-site inspection application on hand-held tablet; (4) a mechanism for efficient prioritization of capital renewal tasks; and (5) optimization process for near-optimum allocation of capital-renewal of the limited capital renewal budget. The framework assesses hospital subsystems, incorporating consideration of the service quality within the indoor spaces and their impact on related subsystems. For renewal purposes, an appropriate subsystem priority index is then computed accordingly, taking into account the multi-criteria performance of the subsystems.
Surveys of hospital maintenance experts have been used both for the collection of data for the development of the framework and for its validation. A prototype of the framework has been implemented in a user-friendly application whose performance was tested through two hospital case studies, the first of which was also employed for testing the prioritization and optimization functions of the framework. The results of six case study scenarios, with varying budget constraints and objective functions demonstrated the practicality and capability of the framework with respect to maximizing the performance of the facility relative to any desirable performance criteria. The proposed framework re-engineers the traditional process of facility performance assessment and also significantly enhances the capital renewal process by speeding the assessment process and efficiently allocating the renewal budget to maximize the return on the investment. This framework can be easily adapted to other types of building facilities and other infrastructure assets, thus contributing to sustaining the economy and the welfare of residents.
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LU, TSUNG-MENG, and 盧琮孟. "A study on evaluation indicators established Central Urban Regeneration Fund Subsidies for Renewal ProjecTs." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09799891272753054095.
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碩士萬能科技大學
經營管理研究所
99
Urban Renewal major development policy of the central level of the advanced countries of the world, and Taiwan is no exception. The essence of economic, social, political, and other benefits of urban renewal can be broadly divided into four major effects. However, due to the central and local government agencies because of economic constraints, election considerations by the the builders interest groups, and the renewal area residents pressure and other factors. Whether on stage all the more the case after hold off vendor selection stage, often Min not primarily because of public interest. Central Department of urban renewal funds to public welfare and the implications of self-liquidating, assessment on the use of funds in the past only by two factors, financial benefits, and the proportion of public lands, each renewal business is the successful completion of the investment, recovery of the advanced payments, sub purpose in line with the budget law and the establishment of the Fund. The study over the inside and outside urban renewal funds literature collection, the central urban renewal funds to subsidize urban renewal business assessment indicators establish to analyze and explore and survey combined with the Delphi method (Delphi) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), hasto obtain a construction company, the CEPD, new Taipei City urban Renewal Department contractor personnel, and urban renewal implementer's opinion, by analyzing the relative importance of all walks of life dimensions subsequent scholars or renewal business owners in the implementation of update career opinion.The survey of this study include a total of 25 domestic construction companies, the CEPD, New Taipei City Urban Renewal Department contractor personnel, and the perpetrators of the urban renewal of the four major groups of experts and scholars Likert five-point scale Delphi expert survey, in second followed by the Delphi questionnaire to reach the height of 25 experts and scholars in accordance with consistency, establish the hierarchical structure of the study three assessment dimensions and eight assessment factors followed by AHP questionnaire recycled a total of 25 parts the consistency of the test results, the effective questionnaire for 12. In this study, Expert Choice after the recovery of the AHP questionnaire data analysis applications. Research results show that the establishment of urban renewal funds subsidies for local career assessment indicators, improved physical environment experts and scholars as the most important dimensions, again to improve the environmental