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Journal articles on the topic 'Reoviridae'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Urbano, Pasquale, and Francesco Giuseppe Urbano. "The Reoviridae family." Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 17, no. 3-4 (August 1994): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-9571(94)90040-x.

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2

Attoui, Houssam, Fauziah Mohd Jaafar, Mourad Belhouchet, Philippe de Micco, Xavier de Lamballerie, and Corina P. D. Brussaard. "Micromonas pusilla reovirus: a new member of the family Reoviridae assigned to a novel proposed genus (Mimoreovirus)." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 1375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81584-0.

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Micromonas pusilla reovirus (MpRV) is an 11-segmented, double-stranded RNA virus isolated from the marine protist Micromonas pusilla. Sequence analysis (including conserved termini and presence of core motifs of reovirus polymerase), morphology and physicochemical properties confirmed the status of MpRV as a member of the family Reoviridae. Electron microscopy showed that intact virus particles are unusually larger (90–95 nm) than the known size of particles of viruses belonging to the family Reoviridae. Particles that were purified on caesium chloride gradients had a mean size of 75 nm (a size similar to the size of intact particles of members of the family Reoviridae), indicating that they lost outer-coat components. The subcore particles had a mean size of 50 nm and a smooth surface, indicating that MpRV belongs to the non-turreted Reoviridae. The maximum amino acid identity with other reovirus proteins was 21 %, which is compatible with values existing between distinct genera. Based on morphological and sequence findings, this virus should be classified as the representative of a novel genus within the family Reoviridae, designated Mimoreovirus (from Micromonas pusilla reovirus). The topology of the phylogenetic tree built with putative polymerase sequences of the family Reoviridae suggested that the branch of MpRV could be ancestral. Further analysis showed that segment 1 of MpRV was much longer (5792 bp) than any other reovirus segment and encoded a protein of 200 kDa (VP1). This protein exhibited significant similarities to O-glycosylated proteins, including viral envelope proteins, and is likely to represent the additional outer coat of MpRV.

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3

Trask, Shane D., Karl W. Boehme, Terence S. Dermody, and John T. Patton. "Comparative analysis of Reoviridae reverse genetics methods." Methods 59, no. 2 (February 2013): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2012.05.012.

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4

Lozano, Luis-Fernando, Arthur A. Bickford, Anthony E. Castro, Joyce Swartzman-Andert, Richard Chin, Carol Meteyer, George Cooper, Bruce Reynolds, and Rosa Lynn Manalac. "Association of Reoviridae Particles in an Enteric Syndrome of Poults Observed in Turkey Flocks during 1988." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 1, no. 3 (July 1989): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063878900100311.

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An enteric syndrome of turkey poults, characterized by enteritis, crop mycosis, intestinal changes (pale, thin-walled ballooning with watery contents), and rickets, occurred during 1988 in 74 turkey flocks from different farms belonging to 9 California turkey growers. The flocks ranged in size from 9,000 to 120,000 birds. Pools of intestine sections from 618 birds, representing 78 field cases, were examined. Histopathological examination of the intestines showed a mild to severe atrophy with a reduced depth of crypts, which was more prominent in the distal part of the small intestine. Viral isolation attempts with primary cell cultures of chicken embryo kidney cells were negative. Examination by electron microscopy of negatively stained intestinal specimens revealed the presence of Reoviridae particles of 58.8 to 80 nm in diameter. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results on the intestinal pools for mammalian and group A avian rotaviruses were negative. A statistically significant relationship was found for the presence of Reoviridae particles in the intestines of 10-21-day-old birds. Of the 7 most common pathological conditions analyzed, 2, rickets and intestinal changes (thin-walled ballooning intestine with watery contents), showed a statistically significant association with the presence of Reoviridae particles.

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5

Li, Shu, Han Wang, and Guohui Zhou. "Synergism Between Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus and Rice ragged stunt virus Enhances Their Insect Vector Acquisition." Phytopathology® 104, no. 7 (July 2014): 794–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-13-0319-r.

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Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus, family Reoviridae, is a novel rice virus transmitted by the white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). Since its discovery in 2001, SRBSDV has spread rapidly throughout eastern and southeastern Asia and caused large rice losses in China and Vietnam. Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) (genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) is a common rice virus vectored by the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens). RRSV is also widely distributed in eastern and southeastern Asia but has not previously caused serious problems in China owing to its low incidence. With SRBSDV's spread, however, RRSV has become increasingly common in China, and is frequently found in co-infection with SRBSDV. In this study, we show that SRBSDV and RRSV interact synergistically, the first example of synergism between plant viruses in the family Reoviridae. Rice plants co-infected with both viruses displayed enhanced stunting, earlier symptoms, and higher virus titers compared with singly infected plants. Furthermore, white-backed and brown planthoppers acquired SRBSDV and RRSV, respectively, from co-infected plants at higher rates. We propose that increased RRSV incidence in Chinese fields is partly due to synergism between SRBSDV and RRSV.

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6

Donato, Celeste M., and Julie E. Bines. "Rotaviruses and Rotavirus Vaccines." Pathogens 10, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080959.

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7

Maramorosch, Karl. "Of Capsids and Capsomeres The Reoviridae Wolfgang K. Joklik." BioScience 35, no. 2 (February 1985): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1309852.

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8

Li, Yanqiu, Jiamin Zhang, Yang Li, Li Tan, Wuguo Chen, Haishan Luo, and Yuanyang Hu. "Phylogenetic analysis of Heliothis armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus type 14 and a series of dwarf segments found in the genome." Journal of General Virology 88, no. 3 (March 1, 2007): 991–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.82673-0.

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Full-length nucleotide sequences for the genome segments (S1–S6) of Heliothis armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus type 14 (HaCPV-14) have been characterized. Each segment consists of a single open reading frame with conserved motifs AGAA and AGCU at the 5′ and 3′ ends, respectively. Comparison of the proteins of HaCPV-14 with those of other members of the family Reoviridae suggests that S1 encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), whilst S2 encodes a major capsid protein of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis of RdRps from 16 viruses in the family Reoviridae reveals that the genera Cypovirus and Oryzavirus may have originated from a common insect virus ancestor. A series of viable dwarf segments originating from S5 of HaCPV-14 has been identified. Analysis of the predicted secondary structures for these dwarf segments suggests that the signals essential for replication and packaging are located within the terminal sequences of these segments.

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9

Ogden, Kristen. "Reoviridae transcription is more than an open-and-shut case." Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 26, no. 11 (November 2019): 991–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41594-019-0328-5.

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10

López-Ferber, M., J. C. Veyrunes, and L. Croizier. "Drosophila S virus is a member of the Reoviridae family." Journal of Virology 63, no. 2 (1989): 1007–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.63.2.1007-1009.1989.

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11

Reuter, Gábor, Ákos Boros, Eric Delwart, and Péter Pankovics. "Novel seadornavirus (family Reoviridae) related to Banna virus in Europe." Archives of Virology 158, no. 10 (April 28, 2013): 2163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1712-9.

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12

Brown, Mackenzie L., Owen M. Sullivan, and Sarah McDonald Esstman. "A Perfect Ten—Decoy Maps Uncover Polymerase Complexes within Reoviridae Virion." Structure 28, no. 6 (June 2020): 595–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2020.05.007.

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13

Akita, Fusamichi, Naoyuki Miyazaki, Hiroyuki Hibino, Takumi Shimizu, Akifumi Higashiura, Tamaki Uehara-Ichiki, Takahide Sasaya, et al. "Viroplasm matrix protein Pns9 from rice gall dwarf virus forms an octameric cylindrical structure." Journal of General Virology 92, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): 2214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.032524-0.

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The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions, which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers, using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells, demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV. When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope, it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 Å in diameter. Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9, whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope. Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography. Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available, a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus, NSP2, forms similar octamers, an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses.

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14

Kalinina, O. S. "Таксономічна характеристика РНК-геномних вірусів хребетних тварин і людини." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 19, no. 78 (April 7, 2017): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet7807.

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The article presents a modern taxonomy and nomenclature of viruses of vertebrates animals and human based on information ICTV release 2016 (ratification 2017). Described the basic criteria for the classification of viruses: characteristics of the viral genome, the mechanism of replication and virions structure. Viruses of vertebrates (1269 species) consist of 5 orders, 38 families, including 12 – DNA-genomic and 26 – RNA-genomic, 12 subfamilies and 233 genera. RNA-genomic viruses of vertebrates (679 species) classified of 4 orders, 26 families, 6 subfamilies and 119 genera. The order Mononegavirales has united family Paramyxoviridae, Pneumoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Filoviridae, Bornaviridae, Nyamiviridae and Sunviridae, order Nidovirales – family Coronaviridae and Arteriviridae, order Bunyavirales –family Hantaviridae, Nairoviridae, Peribunyaviridae and Phenuiviridae, order Picornavirales – family Picornaviridae. Family Rhabdoviridae, Nodaviridae, Peribunyaviridae, Phenuiviridae, Reoviridae and Birnaviridae, except viruses of vertebrates, contain viruses of insects, and family Rhabdoviridae, Phenuiviridae and Reoviridae – viruses of plants. There is а one of «floating» genus Deltavirus, which is not included of families. The family Reoviridae includes the Eriocheir sinensis reovirus, and the family Birnaviridae – Tellina virus. Described the taxa of viruses: family, subfamily, genera, species. Named typical species genera of viruses. Characterized the basic taxonomic features of RNA-genomic vertebrates viruses of animals and human: the shape, size and structure of virions – the presence of outer membrane lipoprotein, capsid symmetry type (spiral, icosahedral), the structure of the viral RNA (the number of threads, conformation, fragmentation, polarity). The attention to virus reproduction features. Replication of most RNA-genomic viruses occurs in cells of the cytoplasm, except for the representatives of the families Bornaviridae, Nyamiviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Retroviridae and «floating» genus Deltavirus, which are replicated in the nucleus. Output of the progeny virions in simply organized viruses is due to cell destruction, and in most of the complexly organized viruses – plasma membrane buds, as well as through the membranes of the Golgi complex or the endoplasmic net in combination with exocytosis (Peribunyaviridae, Hantaviridae, Nairoviridae, Phenuiviridae, Flaviviridae, Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae).

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15

Kalinina, O. S. "Modern taxonomy of viruses of vertebrates." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 98 (August 22, 2020): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9820.

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The modern taxonomy of viruses of vertebrates is presented according to the information of ICTV issue 07.2019, ratification 03.2020. The leading criteria of taxonomy of viruses are named: type and structure of viral genome, mechanism of replication and morphology of virion. The periods of formation of taxonomic ranks of viruses are characterized: in 1966–1970 genera of viruses were formed, in 1971–1975 – families and subfamilies, since 1990 – orders, in 2018–2019 – realms, kingdoms, phylums, subphylums, classes, suborders, subgenеres. The nomenclature of viruses is described. Viruses belong to the Viruses domain. Viruses of vertebrates (1878 species) belong to 4 realms, 5 kingdoms, 10 phylums, 2 subphylums, 20 classes, 26 orders, 3 suborders, 45 families (of which 15 – DNA-genomic and 30 – RNA-genomic), 33 subfamilies, 345 genera and 49 subgenera. Taxonomic ranks of DNA- and RNA-genomic viruses of vertebrates are described. The DNA-genome family Anelloviridae and the unclassified RNA-genomic genus Deltavirus are not included in any realm. The family Birnaviridae is not classified within the kingdom Orthornavirae. The family of DNA-genomic Hepadnaviridae is included in the realm of RNA-containing viruses Riboviria on the grounds that the replication of hepadnaviruses occurs through the stage of RNA on the principle of reverse transcription, as in the family Retroviridae. The main taxonomic features of DNA- and RNA-genomic viruses of vertebrates are described: type and structure of viral genome (DNA or RNA, number of strands, conformation, fragmentation, polarity), shape and size of virions, presence of outer lipoprotein shell, type of capsid symmetry (spiral, iсosahedral). Some families, in addition to viruses of vertebrates, contain viruses of invertebrates and plants, in particular: families Poxviridae, Iridoviridae, Parvoviridae, Circoviridae, Smacoviridae, Genomoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Nyamiviridae, Peribunyaviridae, Phenuiviridae, Nairoviviridae, Nodaviridae, Reoviridae and Birnaviridae – viruses of insects; families Genomoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Phenuiviridae and Reoviridae – viruses of plants; family Nyamiviridae – viruses of nematodes, cestodes, sipunculidеs and echinoderms; family Rhabdoviridae – viruses of nematodes; family Reoviridae – Eriocheir sinensis reovirus; family Birnaviridae – viruses of tellines and rotifers.

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16

McDonald, Sarah M., Yizhi J. Tao, and John T. Patton. "The ins and outs of four-tunneled Reoviridae RNA-dependent RNA polymerases." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 19, no. 6 (December 2009): 775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2009.10.007.

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17

Silva, Sandro P., Meik Dilcher, Franziska Weber, Frank T. Hufert, Manfred Weidmann, Jedson F. Cardoso, Valéria L. Carvalho, et al. "Genetic and biological characterization of selected Changuinola viruses (Reoviridae, Orbivirus) from Brazil." Journal of General Virology 95, no. 10 (October 1, 2014): 2251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.064691-0.

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The genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae comprises 22 virus species including the Changuinola virus (CGLV) serogroup. The complete genome sequences of 13 CGLV serotypes isolated between 1961 and 1988 from distinct geographical areas of the Brazilian Amazon region were obtained. All viral sequences were obtained from single-passaged CGLV strains grown in Vero cells. CGLVs are the only orbiviruses known to be transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Ultrastructure and molecular analysis by electron microscopy and gel electrophoresis, respectively, revealed viral particles with typical orbivirus size and morphology, as well as the presence of a segmented genome with 10 segments. Full-length nucleotide sequencing of each of the ten RNA segments of the 13 CGLV serotypes provided basic information regarding the genome organization, encoded proteins and genetic traits. Segment 2 (encoding VP2) of the CGLV is uncommonly larger in comparison to those found in other orbiviruses and shows varying sizes even among different CGLV serotypes. Phylogenetic analysis support previous serological findings, which indicate that CGLV constitutes a separate serogroup within the genus Orbivirus. In addition, six out of 13 analysed CGLV serotypes showed reassortment of their genome segments.

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18

Cao, Guangli, Xiangkun Meng, Renyu Xue, Yuexiong Zhu, Xiaorong Zhang, Zhonghua Pan, Xiaojian Zheng, and Chengliang Gong. "Characterization of the complete genome segments from BmCPV-SZ, a novelBombyx moricypovirus 1 isolate." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 58, no. 7 (July 2012): 872–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w2012-064.

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A novel Bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolated from infected silkworm larvae and tentatively assigned as Bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolate Suzhou (BmCPV-SZ). The complete nucleotide sequences of genomic segments S1–S10 from BmCPV-SZ were determined. All segments possessed a single open reading frame; however, bioinformatic evidence suggested a short overlapping coding sequence in S1. Each BmCPV-SZ segment possessed the conserved terminal sequences AGUAA and GUUAGCC at the 5′ and 3′ ends, respectively. The conserved A/G at the –3 position in relation to the AUG codon could be found in the BmCPV-SZ genome, and it was postulated that this conserved A/G may be the most important nucleotide for efficient translation initiation in cypoviruses (CPVs). Examination of the putative amino acid sequences encoded by BmCPV-SZ revealed some characteristic motifs. Homology searches showed that viral structural proteins VP1, VP3, and VP4 had localized homologies with proteins of Rice ragged stunt virus , a member of the genus Oryzavirus within the family Reoviridae. A phylogenetic tree based on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase sequences demonstrated that CPV is more closely related to Rice ragged stunt virus and Aedes pseudoscutellaris reovirus than to other members of Reoviridae, suggesting that they may have originated from common ancestors.

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19

Wang, Han, Donglin Xu, Lingling Pu, and Guohui Zhou. "Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus Alters Insect Vectors' Host Orientation Preferences to Enhance Spread and Increase Rice ragged stunt virus Co-Infection." Phytopathology® 104, no. 2 (February 2014): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-08-13-0227-r.

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In recent years, Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus (family Reoviridae), has spread rapidly and caused serious rice losses in eastern and southeastern Asia. With this virus spread, Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV, genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) became more common in southern China, usually in co-infection with the former. SRBSDV and RRSV are transmitted by two different species of planthoppers, white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) and brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), respectively, in a persistent, circulative, propagative manner. In this study, using a Y-shape olfactometer-based device, we tested the host preference of three types of macropterous WBPH adults for healthy or SRBSDV-infected rice plants. The results showed that virus-free WBPHs significantly preferred infected rice plants to healthy plants, whereas both the viruliferous and nonviruliferous WBPHs preferred healthy plants to infected plants. In additional tests, we found that the BPHs significantly preferred healthy plants when they were virus free, whereas RRSV-carrying BPHs preferred SRBSDV-infected rice plants. From these findings, we propose that plant viruses may alter host selection preference of vectors to enhance their spread and that of insects vectoring another virus to result in co-infection with more than one virus.

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20

Li, Yang, Li Tan, Yanqiu Li, Wuguo Chen, Jiamin Zhang, and Yuanyang Hu. "Identification and genome characterization of Heliothis armigera cypovirus types 5 and 14 and Heliothis assulta cypovirus type 14." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81435-0.

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Genomic characterization of Heliothis armigera cypovirus (HaCPV) isolated from China showed that insects were co-infected with several cypoviruses (CPVs). One of the CPVs (HaCPV-5) could be separated from the others by changing the rearing conditions of the Heliothis armigera larvae. This finding was further confirmed by nucleotide sequencing analysis. Genomic sequences of segments S10–S7 from HaCPV-14, S10 and S7 from HaCPV-5, and S10 from Heliothis assulta CPV-14 were compared. Results from database searches showed that the nucleotide sequences and deduced amino acid sequences of the newly identified CPVs had high levels of identity with those of reported CPVs of the same type, but not with CPVs of different types. Putative amino acid sequences of HaCPV-5 S7 were similar to that of the protein from Rice ragged stunt virus (genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae), suggesting that CPVs and oryzaviruses are related more closely than other genera of the family Reoviridae. Conserved motifs were also identified at the ends of each RNA segment of the same virus type: type 14, 5′-AGAAUUU…CAGCU-3′; and type 5, 5′-AGUU…UUGC-3′. Our results are consistent with classification of CPV types based on the electrophoretic patterns of CPV double-stranded RNA.

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21

Hillman, Bradley I., S. Supyani, Hideki Kondo, and Nobuhiro Suzuki. "A Reovirus of the Fungus Cryphonectria parasitica That Is Infectious as Particles and Related to the Coltivirus Genus of Animal Pathogens." Journal of Virology 78, no. 2 (January 15, 2004): 892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.2.892-898.2004.

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ABSTRACT RNA viruses of filamentous fungi fall into two broad categories, those that contain double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes in rigid particles and those that are more closely related to positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses with dsRNA replicative intermediates found within lipid vesicles. Effective infectivity systems have been described for the latter, using RNA transcripts, but not for the former. We report the characterization of a reovirus from Cryphonectria parasitica, the filamentous fungus that causes chestnut blight disease. The virus substantially reduces the virulence of the fungus and results in dramatically altered colony morphology, as well as changes in other associated fungal traits, relative to the virus-free isogenic strain. Virus particles from infected mycelium contained 11 segments of dsRNA and showed characteristics typical of the family Reoviridae. Sequences of the largest three segments revealed that the virus is closely related to the Coltivirus genus of animal pathogens, which includes the human pathogen Colorado tick fever virus. The introduction of purified virus particles into protoplasts from virus-free isolates of the fungus resulted in a newly infected mycelium with the same morphology and virus composition as the original virus-infected isolate. This represents the completion of Koch's postulates for a true dsRNA virus from a filamentous fungus and the description of a definitive fungal member of the family Reoviridae.

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Miyazaki, Naoyuki, Tamaki Uehara-Ichiki, Li Xing, Leif Bergman, Akifumi Higashiura, Atsushi Nakagawa, Toshihiro Omura, and R. Holland Cheng. "Structural Evolution of Reoviridae Revealed by Oryzavirus in Acquiring the Second Capsid Shell." Journal of Virology 82, no. 22 (September 10, 2008): 11344–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02375-07.

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ABSTRACT The conservation of the core structure and diversification of the external features among the turreted reoviruses appear to be relevant to structural evolution in facilitating the infection of diverse host species. The structure of Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV), in the genus Oryzavirus of the family Reoviridae, is determined to show a core composed of capsid shell, clamps, and long turrets. The RRSV core structure is equivalent to the core structure of Orthoreovirus and the virion structure of Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV). In RRSV, five peripheral trimers surround each long turret and sit at the Q trimer position in the T=13l icosahedral symmetry, a structural feature unique to turreted reoviruses. That is, the core of RRSV is partially covered by 60 copies of the peripheral trimer. In contrast, the core of Orthoreovirus is covered by 200 copies of the trimer that sit at the Q, R, S, and T trimer positions. Our results suggest that among the three viruses, RRSV has a structure intermediate between that of Orthoreovirus and the CPV virion. This conclusion coincides with the results of the phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases.

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23

Boyce, Mark, and Polly Roy. "Recovery of Infectious Bluetongue Virus from RNA." Journal of Virology 81, no. 5 (December 6, 2006): 2179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01819-06.

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ABSTRACT Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an insect-vectored emerging pathogen of ruminants with the potential for devastating economic impact on European agriculture. BTV and many other members of the Reoviridae have remained stubbornly refractory to the development of methods for the rescue of infectious virus from cloned nucleic acid (reverse genetics). Partially disassembled virus particles are transcriptionally active, synthesizing viral transcripts in the cytoplasm of infected cells, in essence delivering viral nucleic acids in situ. With the goal of generating a reverse-genetics system for BTV, we examined the possibility of recovering infectious BTV by the transfection of BSR cells with BTV transcripts (single-stranded RNA [ssRNA]) synthesized in vitro using BTV core particles. Following transfection, viral-protein synthesis was detected by immunoblotting, and confocal examination of the cells showed a punctate cytoplasmic distribution of inclusion bodies similar to that seen in infected cells. Viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was isolated from ssRNA-transfected cells, demonstrating that replication of the ssRNA had occurred. Additionally, infectious virus was present in the medium of transfected cells, as demonstrated by the passage of infectivity in BSR cells. Infectivity was sensitive to single-strand-specific RNase A, and cotransfection of genomic BTV dsRNA with transcribed ssRNA demonstrated that the ssRNA species, rather than dsRNA, were the active components. We conclude that it is possible to recover infectious BTV wholly from ssRNA, which suggests a means for establishing helper virus-independent reverse-genetics systems for members of the Reoviridae.

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Smith, Grant R., and Judith M. Candy. "Improving Fiji disease resistance screening trials in sugarcane by considering virus transmission class and possible origin of Fiji disease virus." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 6 (2004): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03241.

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Fiji disease virus is a propagative, persistently transmitted virus that multiplies in species of the delphacid planthopper genus Perkinsiella, and in sugarcane, the feeding host of the insect. Efforts to improve and modify the disease rating system for Fiji disease have largely focussed on the planthopper as individual vectors of the virus, rather than as a population of the principal, or at least an alternative, host of the virus. This perspective has resulted in key parameters of disease incidence resulting from plant infection by propagative, persistently transmitted viruses being largely overlooked or misunderstood during efforts to improve the rating system. These parameters include the relatively long acquisition, latency, and transmission times, the percentage of the population containing virus, or viruliferous, in the above periods, and the effects of population density and number of plants visited on disease incidence. Suggestions to modify trial design to improve virus transmission to the plant, based on the disease incidence parameters of the propagative, persistent transmission class, are presented and the practical difficulties of implementing these proposals are discussed. In the context of fully understanding the underlying biology of this virus–insect–plant system, the hypothesis that Fiji disease virus, as a plant-infecting member of the Reoviridae, is primarily an insect virus with a secondary plant host, and may have diverged from an insect-infecting virus relatively recently is proposed and compared with other members of the family Reoviridae.

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Gaydos, Joseph K., David E. Stallknecht, Darrell Kavanaugh, Robert J. Olson, and Eugene R. Fuchs. "DYNAMICS OF MATERNAL ANTIBODIES TO HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE VIRUSES (REOVIRIDAE: ORBIVIRUS) IN WHITE-TAILED DEER." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38, no. 2 (April 2002): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-38.2.253.

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Campbell, C. L., and W. C. Wilson. "Differentially expressed midgut transcripts in Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) following Orbivirus (Reoviridae) oral feeding." Insect Molecular Biology 11, no. 6 (December 2002): 595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2583.2002.00370.x.

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Martins, Lívia C., José A. P. Diniz, Eliana V. P. Silva, Vera L. R. S. Barros, Hamilton A. O. Monteiro, Raimunda S. S. Azevedo, Juarez A. S. Quaresma, and Pedro F. C. Vasconcelos. "Characterization of Minaçu virus (Reoviridae: Orbivirus) and pathological changes in experimentally infected newborn mice." International Journal of Experimental Pathology 88, no. 1 (January 22, 2007): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2613.2006.00516.x.

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Nibert, Max L., and Jonghwa Kim. "Conserved Sequence Motifs for Nucleoside Triphosphate Binding Unique to Turreted Reoviridae Members and Coltiviruses." Journal of Virology 78, no. 10 (May 15, 2004): 5528–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.10.5528-5530.2004.

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Jaafar, Fauziah Mohd, Houssam Attoui, Peter P. C. Mertens, Philippe de Micco, and Xavier de Lamballerie. "Structural organization of an encephalitic human isolate of Banna virus (genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae)." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 1147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80578-0.

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Banna virus (BAV) is the type species of the genus Seadornavirus within the family Reoviridae. The Chinese BAV isolate (BAV-Ch), which causes encephalitis in humans, was shown to have a structural organization and particle morphology reminiscent of that of rotaviruses, with fibre proteins projecting from the surface of the particle. Intact BAV-Ch virus particles contain seven structural proteins, two of which (VP4 and VP9) form the outer coat. The inner (core) particles contain five additional proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3, VP8 and VP10) and are ‘non-turreted’, with a relatively smooth surface appearance. VP2 is the ‘T=2’ protein that forms the innermost ‘subcore’ layer, whilst VP8 is the ‘T=13’ protein forming the core-surface layer. Sequence comparisons indicate that BAV VP9 and VP10 are equivalent to the VP8* and VP5* domains, respectively, of rotavirus outer-coat protein VP4 (GenBank accession no. P12976). VP9 has also been shown to be responsible for virus attachment to the host-cell surface and may be involved in internalization. These similarities reveal a previously unreported genetic link between the genera Rotavirus and Seadornavirus, although the expression of BAV VP9 and VP10 from two separate genome segments, rather than by the proteolytic cleavage of a single gene product (as seen in rotavirus VP4), suggests a significant evolutionary jump between the members of these two genera.

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Fan, Yuding, Shujing Rao, Lingbing Zeng, Jie Ma, Yong Zhou, Jin Xu, and Hui Zhang. "Identification and genomic characterization of a novel fish reovirus, Hubei grass carp disease reovirus, isolated in 2009 in China." Journal of General Virology 94, no. 10 (October 1, 2013): 2266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.054767-0.

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A novel fish reovirus, Hubei grass carp disease reovirus (HGDRV; formerly grass carp reovirus strain 104, GCRV104), was isolated from diseased grass carp in China in 2009 and the full genome sequence was determined. This reovirus was propagated in a grass carp kidney cell line with a typical cytopathic effect. The total size of the genome was 23 706 bp with a 51 mol% G+C content, and the 11 dsRNA segments encoded 12 proteins (two proteins encoded by segment 11). A nucleotide sequence similarity search using blastn found no significant matches except for segment 2, which partially matched that of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) from several viruses in the genera Aquareovirus and Orthoreovirus of the family Reoviridae. At the amino acid level, seven segments (Seg-1 to Seg-6, and Seg-8) matched with species in the genera Aquareovirus (15–46 % identities) and Orthoreovirus (12–44 % identities), while for four segments (Seg-7, Seg-9, Seg-10 and Seg-11) no similarities in these genera were found. Conserved terminal sequences, 5′-GAAUU----UCAUC-3′, were found in each HGDRV segment at the 5′ and 3′ ends, and the 5′-terminal nucleotides were different from any known species in the genus Aquareovirus. Phylogenetic analysis based on RdRp amino acid sequences from members of the family Reoviridae showed that HGDRV clustered with aquareoviruses prior to joining a branch common with orthoreoviruses. Based on these observations, we propose that HGDRV is a new species in the genus Aquareovirus that is distantly related to any known species within this genus.

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Attoui, Houssam, Qin Fang, Fauziah Mohd Jaafar, Jean-François Cantaloube, Philippe Biagini, Philippe de Micco, and Xavier de Lamballerie. "Common evolutionary origin of aquareoviruses and orthoreoviruses revealed by genome characterization of Golden shiner reovirus, Grass carp reovirus, Striped bass reovirus and golden ide reovirus (genus Aquareovirus, family Reoviridae)." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 8 (August 1, 2002): 1941–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-8-1941.

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Full-length and partial genome sequences of four members of the genus Aquareovirus, family Reoviridae (Golden shiner reovirus, Grass carp reovirus, Striped bass reovirus and golden ide reovirus) were characterized. Based on sequence comparison, the unclassified Grass carp reovirus was shown to be a member of the species Aquareovirus C. The status of golden ide reovirus, another unclassified aquareovirus, was also examined. Sequence analysis showed that it did not belong to the species Aquareovirus A or C, but assessment of its relationship to the species Aquareovirus B, D, E and F was hampered by the absence of genetic data from these species. In agreement with previous reports of ultrastructural resemblance between aquareoviruses and orthoreoviruses, genetic analysis revealed homology in the genes of the two groups. This homology concerned eight of the 11 segments of the aquareovirus genome (amino acid identity 17–42%), and similar genetic organization was observed in two other segments. The conserved terminal sequences in the genomes of members of the two groups were also similar. These data are undoubtedly an indication of the common evolutionary origin of these viruses. This clear genetic relatedness between members of distinct genera is unique within the family Reoviridae. Such a genetic relationship is usually observed between members of a single genus. However, the current taxonomic classification of aquareoviruses and orthoreoviruses in two different genera is supported by a number of characteristics, including their distinct G+C contents, unequal numbers of genome segments, absence of an antigenic relationship, different cytopathic effects and specific econiches.

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32

Wei, Taiyun, Tamaki Uehara-Ichiki, Naoyuki Miyazaki, Hiroyuki Hibino, Kenji Iwasaki, and Toshihiro Omura. "Association of Rice Gall Dwarf Virus with Microtubules Is Necessary for Viral Release from Cultured Insect Vector Cells." Journal of Virology 83, no. 20 (July 29, 2009): 10830–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01067-09.

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ABSTRACT Vector insect cells infected with Rice gall dwarf virus, a member of the family Reoviridae, contained the virus-associated microtubules adjacent to the viroplasms, as revealed by transmission electron, electron tomographic, and confocal microscopy. The viroplasms, putative sites of viral replication, contained the nonstructural viral proteins Pns7 and Pns12, as well as core protein P5, of the virus. Microtubule-depolymerizing drugs suppressed the association of viral particles with microtubules and prevented the release of viruses from cells without significantly affecting viral multiplication. Thus, microtubules appear to mediate viral transport within and release of viruses from infected vector cells.

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33

Spear, Allyn, Mark S. Sisterson, and Drake C. Stenger. "Reovirus genomes from plant-feeding insects represent a newly discovered lineage within the family Reoviridae." Virus Research 163, no. 2 (February 2012): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2011.11.015.

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34

Walton, Alison, Helene Montanie, Jean-Michel Arcier, Valerie J. Smith, and Jean-Robert Bonami. "Construction of a gene probe for detection of P virus (Reoviridae) in a marine decapod." Journal of Virological Methods 81, no. 1-2 (August 1999): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-0934(99)00084-1.

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35

Marzachi, C., G. P. Accotto, M. d'Aquilio, P. Caciagli, and G. Boccardo. "In vitro transcription of the double-stranded RNA genome of maize rough dwarf virus (Reoviridae)." Journal of General Virology 71, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-71-3-707.

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36

Kudo, H., I. Uyeda, and E. Shikata. "Viruses in the Phytoreovirus Genus of the Reoviridae Family have the Same Conserved Terminal Sequences." Journal of General Virology 72, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 2857–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-72-12-2857.

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37

Boyce, Mark, Malcom A. McCrae, Paul Boyce, and Jan T. Kim. "Inter-segment complementarity in orbiviruses: a driver for co-ordinated genome packaging in the Reoviridae?" Journal of General Virology 97, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 1145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000400.

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38

Shapiro, Alexandra, Terry Green, Shujing Rao, Susan White, Gerry Carner, Peter P. C. Mertens, and James J. Becnel. "Morphological and Molecular Characterization of a Cypovirus (Reoviridae) from the Mosquito Uranotaenia sapphirina (Diptera: Culicidae)." Journal of Virology 79, no. 15 (August 1, 2005): 9430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.15.9430-9438.2005.

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ABSTRACT A novel cypovirus has been isolated from the mosquito Uranotaenia sapphirina (UsCPV) and shown to cause a chronic infection confined to the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the gastric ceca and posterior stomach. The production of large numbers of virions and inclusion bodies and their arrangement into paracrystalline arrays gives the gut of infected insects a distinctive blue iridescence. The virions, which were examined by electron microscopy, are icosahedral (55 to 65 nm in diameter) with a central core that is surrounded by a single capsid layer. They are usually packaged individually within cubic inclusion bodies (polyhedra, ∼100 nm across), although two to eight virus particles were sometimes occluded together. The virus was experimentally transmitted per os to several mosquito species. The transmission rate was enhanced by the presence of magnesium ions but was inhibited by calcium ions. Most of the infected larvae survived to adulthood, and the adults retained the infection. Electrophoretic analysis of the UsCPV genome segments (using 1% agarose gels) generated a migration pattern (electropherotype) that is different from those of the 16 Cypovirus species already recognized. UsCPV genome segment 10 (Seg-10) showed no significant nucleotide sequence similarity to the corresponding segment of the other cypoviruses that have previously been analyzed, and it has different “conserved” termini. A BLAST search of the UsCPV deduced amino acid sequence also showed little similarity to Antheraea mylitta CPV-4 (67 of 290 [23%]) or Choristoneura fumiferana CPV-16 (33 of 111 [29%]). We conclude that UsCPV should be recognized as a member of a new Cypovirus species (Cypovirus 17, strain UsCPV-17).

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39

Jaafar, Fauziah Mohd, Houssam Attoui, Peter P. C. Mertens, Philippe de Micco, and Xavier de Lamballerie. "Identification and functional analysis of VP3, the guanylyltransferase of Banna virus (genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae)." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 1141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80579-0.

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Banna virus (BAV) particles contain seven structural proteins: VP4 and VP9 form an outer-capsid layer, whilst the virus core contains three major proteins (VP2, VP8 and VP10) and two minor proteins (VP1 and VP3). Sequence analysis showed that VP3 contains motifs [Kx(I/V/L)S] and (Hx n H) that have previously been identified in the guanylyltransferases of other reoviruses. Incubation of purified BAV-Ch core particles with [α-32P]GTP resulted in exclusive covalent labelling of VP3, demonstrating autoguanylation activity (which is considered indicative of guanylyltransferase activity). Recombinant VP3 prepared in a cell-free expression system was also guanylated under similar reaction conditions, and products were synthesized (in the presence of non-radiolabelled GDP) that co-migrated with GMP, GDP and GpppG during TLC. This reaction, which required magnesium ions for optimum activity, demonstrates that VP3 possesses nucleoside triphosphatase (GTPase) activity and is the BAV guanylyltransferase (RNA ‘capping’ enzyme).

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40

Sitkovskaya, Anastasia O., Elena Yu Zlatnik, Sergey A. Kolpakov, Elena P. Kolpakova, Inna A. Novikova, Aleksandr B. Sagakyants, Andrey Dashkov, Dmitry O. Kaymakchi, Gapiz M. Chupanov, and Patimat M. Gamzatova. "Possible viral oncolysis by members of the Reoviridae and Paramyxoviridae families (an in vitro study)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e14212-e14212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e14212.

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e14212 Background: Our purpose was to study possible oncolytic activity of Newcastle disease virus and reovirus in different tumor cell cultures in vitro. Methods: The study was performed on LaSota strain Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine (OOO NPP AVIVAK, 5000 doses) and human reovirus strains R-92 (3 serotype) deposited in the State collection of viruses of the Research Institute of Virology named after. D.I.Ivanovsky. HeLa (cervical cancer), A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), BT20 (breast cancer), PC3 (prostate cancer), HT29 (colon cancer) cell lines were used; pig embryo kidney cell culture (PEVKC) was used as a positive control. Results: After Newcastle disease virus was placed in the medium with tumor cell lines, a 5-day visual microscopic control of the cell morphology did not show signs of the cytopathic action, while a complete lysis of cell biomass was observed in the positive control (PEKC) by the third day. After the incubation with reovirus, the oncolytic activity was registered already in 24 hours: partial or complete destruction of the monolayer, decreased cell adhesion (only solitary cellular conglomerates remained at the bottom of vials), changes in the typical cell appearance. The complete cytopathogenic effect was observed after 2 days. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a marked lytic effect of reovirus in vitro, as well as varying sensitivity of the studied tumor lines to it, which may depend on their molecular genetic characteristics, for example on the RAS mutation status. Despite ambiguous results, we consider it expedient to continue the studies of these and other viruses in tumor models both in vitro and in vivo.

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Zhou, GuoHui, JingJung Wen, DeJiang Cai, Peng Li, DongLin Xu, and ShuGuang Zhang. "Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus: A new proposed Fijivirus species in the family Reoviridae." Chinese Science Bulletin 53, no. 23 (November 28, 2008): 3677–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-008-0467-2.

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42

Song, Song, Yuanyuan Li, Shihong Fu, Wenwen Lei, Xiaofang Guo, Yun Feng, Xiaoyan Gao, et al. "Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Banna virus (genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae) isolated from Culicoides." Science China Life Sciences 60, no. 12 (October 26, 2017): 1372–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11427-017-9190-6.

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43

Attoui, H., F. Mohd Jaafar, P. Biagini, J. F. Cantaloube, P. de Micco, F. A. Murphy, and X. de Lamballerie. "Genus Coltivirus (family Reoviridae): genomic and morphologic characterization of Old World and New World viruses." Archives of Virology 147, no. 3 (March 2002): 533–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050200005.

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44

Ribeiro, Geovani de Oliveira, Fred Julio Costa Monteiro, Marlisson Octavio da S. Rego, Edcelha Soares D’Athaide Ribeiro, Daniela Funayama de Castro, Marcos Montani Caseiro, Robson dos Santos Souza Marinho, et al. "Detection of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase of Hubei Reo-Like Virus 7 by Next-Generation Sequencing in Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes from Brazil." Viruses 11, no. 2 (February 10, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11020147.

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Advancements in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics have expanded our knowledge of the diversity of viruses (pathogens and non-pathogens) harbored by mosquitoes. Hubei reo-like virus 7 (HRLV 7) was recently detected by the virome analysis of fecal samples from migratory birds in Australia. We now report the detection of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase sequences of HRLV 7 in pools of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes species from the Brazilian Amazon forest. Phylogenetic inferences indicated that all HRLV 7 strains fall within the same independent clade. In addition, HRLV 7 shared a close ancestral lineage with the Dinovernavirus genus of the Reoviridae family. Our findings indicate that HRLV 7 is present in two species of mosquitoes.

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45

Milde, N., D. Tougianidou, and K. Botzenhart. "Occurrence of reoviruses in environmental water samples." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1995): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0641.

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Reoviruses are known to be present in water of different origin. The family of the Reoviridae includes viruses which are infecting not only humans but also animals and even plants. A differentiation between the reovirus types becomes possible by comparison of the electrophoresis pattern of their segmented dsRNA genome. The following presents the profiles of virus isolates from different environmental water samples which have been concentrated and their nucleic acids purified and analysed by SDS-PAGE. Reoviruses were frequently found in different environmental water samples but also in drinking water samples. The most frequently isolated reovirus was the serotype 1 followed by the serotype 3. The serotype 2 was not found in the analysed samples.

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46

Taraporewala, Zenobia F., and John T. Patton. "Nonstructural proteins involved in genome packaging and replication of rotaviruses and other members of the Reoviridae." Virus Research 101, no. 1 (April 2004): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2003.12.006.

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47

Quito-Avila, Diego F., Wilhelm Jelkmann, Ioannis E. Tzanetakis, Karen Keller, and Robert R. Martin. "Complete sequence and genetic characterization of Raspberry latent virus, a novel member of the family Reoviridae." Virus Research 155, no. 2 (February 2011): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2010.11.008.

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48

Smith, Kirk E., David E. Stallknecht, and Victor F. Nettles. "Experimental Infection of Culicoides lahillei (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) with Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Serotype 2 (Orhivirus: Reoviridae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 33, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/33.1.117.

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49

CACIAGLI, P., and ALDA CASETTA. "Maize rough dwarf virus (Reoviridae) in its planthopper vector Laodelphax striatellus in relation to vector infectivity." Annals of Applied Biology 109, no. 2 (October 1986): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1986.tb05325.x.

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50

Moss, Stephen R., and Patricia A. Nuttall. "Isolation and characterization of temperature sensitive mutants of Broadhaven virus, a Kemerovo group orbivirus (family, Reoviridae)." Virus Research 4, no. 4 (June 1986): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(86)90079-1.

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