Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Répartition des débits'
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Sadough, Seyed Mohammad Sajad. "Ultra wideband OFDM systems : channel estimation and improved detection accounting for estimation inaccuracies." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112001.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the problem of iterative data detection in an ultra wideband (UWB) OFDM system, where the receiver disposes only of an imperfect (and possibly poor) estimate of the unknown channel parameters. First, we propose an efficient receiver jointly estimating the channel and the transmitted symbols in an iterative manner. This receiver is based on a wavelet representation of the unknown channel and exploits the sparseness property of UWB channels in the wavelet domain to reduce the receiver’s computational complexity. Second, we rely on the statistics characterizing the quality of the channel estimation as a mean to integrate the imperfect channel knowledge into the design of iterative receivers. In this way, we formulate an improved maximum likelihood (ML) detection metric taking into account the presence of channel estimation errors. A modified iterative MAP detector is derived by an appropriate use of this metric. The results are compared to those obtained by using the classical mismatched ML detector, which uses the channel estimate as if it was the perfect channel. Furthermore, we calculate the achieved throughputs associated to both improved and mismatched ML detectors, in terms of achievable outage rates. Finally, we propose an improved low-complexity iterative detector based on soft parallel interference cancellation and linear MMSE filtering where we takes into account the presence of channel estimation errors in the formulation of the detector. The important point is that the performance improvements reported in this thesis are obtained while imposing practically no additional complexity to the receiver
Dégardin, Virginie. "Analyse de la faisabilité d'une transmission de données haut débit sur le réseau électrique basse tension." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-269-270.pdf.
Full textKhalil, Ayman. "Allocation de ressources inter-couche pour les futurs systèmes UWB à très haut débit." Rennes, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAR0012.
Full textUltra-wideband (UWB) has recently been attracting great interest as a suitable technology for unlicensed short range communications, due to its ability to provide high data rate at low cost and low power consumption. The objective of this thesis is to propose a new cross-layer multiuser resource allocation scheme under quality of service (QoS) and interference constraints for high data rate unlicensed UWB systems in the context of Future Home Networks, i. E. Wireless personal area network (WPAN), based on the well-known multiband orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) solution supported by the WiMedia Alliance. First, the multiuser resource allocation problem is analytically studied by deriving a constrained optimization problem. Optimal and suboptimal solutions are proposed based on a cross-layer approach that combines information provided by PHY and MAC layers. While the PHY layer is responsible for providing the channel quality of the unlicensed UWB users as well as their interference level that they cause on licensed users, the MAC layer is responsible for classifying the unlicensed users using a two-class based approach that guarantees for multimedia services a high QoS support compared to other services. Combined in an efficient and simple way, the PHY and MAC information present the key elements of the aimed resource allocation. Second, in order to increase the freedom level of the frequency resource allocation, we propose a joint resource allocation and scheduling model leading to a multiuser time-frequency spectrum sharing scheme. An optimization scheme is presented based on the constrained optimization problem proposed for the frequency resource allocation. However, to reduce the complexity of the optimal spectrum sharing solution, a low-complexity solution is proposed based on suboptimal resource allocation and scheduling solutions. The low-complexity time-frequency spectrum sharing scheme proves its ability to provide jointly fairness among the differentiated users and QoS support for high-priority users
Ouarzazi, Boudali. "Mise en œuvre d'un système de communication OFDM-haut débit dédié aux trains à grandes vitesses." Valenciennes, 2011. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5fc2e73f-eb11-42a1-8bc0-c95ceb7cea5c.
Full textThe 4th generation of wireless communication systems (LTE, IEEE. 802. 16m and IEEE. 802. 20) is developed in the rail to provide information services, maintenance, reservation services and Internet access. In a context of high mobility (i. E. The TGV), the consequences of the Doppler Effect on the performance of such systems are important: it’s impossible to use high data rate modulations. Our objective is to propose solutions to minimize this damage. It covers an efficient estimation of a time-varying channel in an OFDM system. In order to estimate the channel, which is essential for the equalization of data, pilots sub-carriers are inserted into the OFDM symbol. The channel is estimated in the time domain and temporal variations of each path are modeled by a set of functions (BEM Modeling Basis expansion). The channel is obtained by the corresponding base coefficients. A pilot structure is proposed, it consists to vary the positions of pilot sub-carriers from a symbol to another. The positions of the pilot sub-carriers are allocated dynamically during the transmission of OFDM symbols. We talk about the dynamic allocation of pilots sub-carriers (ADP). The estimated time-varying channel is better and therefore the system performance is improved compared to the Doppler effect. In a multiuser OFDM system, we propose to exploit the idea of ADP to create a spatial diversity. Each user is identified by a unique combination of pilot sub-carriers. Using the cooperation between different users (spatial diversity), the estimated time-varying channel is improved and the fatal effects of the Doppler Effect is reduced
Franquet, Evelyne. "Occupation d'un espace fluvial par les diptères chironomidés à l'aval du Rhône : répartition des espèces selon la nature du substrat et les conditions de débit." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10142.
Full textChaumont, Marc. "Représentation en objets vidéo pour un codage progressif et concurrentiel des séquences d'images." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004146.
Full textAimer, Younes. "Étude des performances d'un système de communication sans fil à haut débit." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2269.
Full textThe request of the users in terms of rate, coverage and quality of service is growing exponentially, with increasing demand for electrical energy, to ensure networks link. In this context, new waveforms based on the OFDM modulation become widely popular and used intensively in recent radio communications architectures. However, these signals are sensitive to the power amplifier nonlinearities because of their high envelope fluctuations characterized by a high PAPR, which degrades the energy consumption and the transmitter efficiency.In this thesis, we first began by a state art of the PAPR reduction techniques. This presentation allowed us to propose a new method based on interleaving and coding techniques. The first contribution consists on the use of the interleaving technique using null-subcarriers for the transmission of the side information, while respecting the frequency specifications of the used standard. The second one is based on the conjunction of the Shaping technique and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), with the aim of improving the performance of the system. Simulation results show that the use of these two techniques allows a significant gain in terms of PAPR reduction, which results in the improvement of the system efficiency. Finally, we presented an experimental study of the proposed techniques using an RF test bench with a commercial LDMOS 20 W PA, class AB operating at 3.7 GHz. The results obtained for the IEEE 802.11 standards show that the proposed approaches allow the transmission robustness and quality, while optimizing the power consumption
Sahnine, Chawki. "Architecture de circuit intégré reconfigurable, très haut débit et basse consommation pour le traitement numérique de l'OFDM avancé." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0008.
Full textMost current wireless LANs and future Beyond 3G and 4G mobile networks involve the multicarrier OFDM transmission, based itself on the digital processing of the fast Fourier transform. These systems should cover bandwidths in the order of several tens or even hundreds of MHz. The aim of this thesis was to study the architectures of integrated circuit for a high speed and multi-standard OFDM digital processing. These architectures require both higher speed processing to meet the required throughput, and reconfiguration for multi-standard applications. Moreover, these architectures should meet the requirement of reduced power consumption due to the embedded environment of mobile terminals. In terms of advanced solutions, one considers two different OFDM modulation patterns, the OFDM/ QAM and OFDM/OQAM. This latter requires a pulse shaping polyphase filter implemented in our study on the IOTA prototype function. One considers also SISO/MIMO functionalities. A comparative analysis of various FFT algorithms and architectures has led to identify the best approach which gives a good algorithm architecture adequation. This solution also incorporates the pulse shaping filter, more precisely implementing the IOTA function. One has therefore proposed a memory-based architecture using a time multiplexed operations on a coarse grained matrix optimized for the treatment of the FFT and of the pulse shaping filtering. This time approach allows a realization of advanced OFDM modulation for values of the parameter N, the number of subcarrier, from 64 to 8192 and the parameter L, the truncation length for pulse shaping filter, equal to 2, 4 and 8. The architecture of the matrix applies the same treatment on two or four streams of different samples, for modes MIMO 2x2 and 4x4 respectively. A strategy to manage memories has also been proposed. It is based on a memory banks approach to obtain various memory sizes and to enable the turn of the unnecessary memories. A first FPGA prototyping and an ASIC layout design have validated the functioning and the feasibility of the architecture. The FPGA prototyping platform used was the ML402 from Xilinx incorporating the FPGA XC4VSX35 from the Virtex-4 family. The ASIC layout design has been done using the submicronic 65 nm CMOS technology from STMicroelectronics. The performances obtained out of this architecture makes it a good candidate to cover the different standards based on OFDM modulation
Maiga, Ali. "Stratégies d'allocution de ressources dans des contextes mono et multi-utilsateurs pour des communications à très haut débit sur lignes d'énergies." Rennes, INSA, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00605144.
Full textThe demand for broadband services over PLC (powerline communications) networks has been growing rapidly during the recent past due to the availability of infrastructures and low deployment costs. This kind of network supports multiple high-speed traffics with seamless connectivity among multiple nodes and access points. In this context, efficient management of available resources through allocation policies is needed to satisfy the quality of service requirements. These policies consist in determining efficient rules for allocating resources in order to optimize the transmission rates in PLC network. This thesis proposes resource allocation strategies to increase transmission rates in single and multi-user contexts. However, the transmission characteristics of the powerline channel are less favorable for data transfer, since it was originally not designed for that purpose. To exploit these difficult channel conditions, data is transmitted via a waveform combining the linear precoding technique and the multicarrier OFDM modulation scheme, leading to the LP-OFDM (linear precoding OFDM) solution. Assuming a perfect knowledge of the channel conditions at the transmitter side, this combination allows a more efficient utilization of the available transmission power. The achieved data rates are then increased by adapting modulation orders, transmitted power levels and the distribution of time-frequency resources, to the channel conditions. The main objective of this thesis is to study and optimize distribution strategies, for one or more users, of different subchannels (subcarriers in OFDM case and precoding sequences in LP-OFDM case) of the multicarrier systems and the bits and powers allocated to these subchannels. First, the problem of maximizing the bit rate is studied in a single user context and uses as the basis for multi-user context. A new resource allocation algorithm for LP-OFDM systems with minimum mean square error equalizer is proposed and constitutes the first original contribution. In addition, two novel bit and power allocation algorithms, with low complexity, are proposed to maximize the total bit rate while satisfying a bit error rate constraint. Then, a physical layer approach of multicast communications is addressed for LP-OFDM systems. The proposed methods better exploit the diversities of transmission links to increase the users' bit rates. Compared to the conventional resource allocation method in multicast OFDM systems, simulation results show bit rate gains up to 70% with linear precoding based methods. Finally, the possibility for several users to simultaneously access to the same physical medium is analysed for PLC networks. Current powerline communication systems are characterized by multiple access methods where different users transmit their signals in separate time intervals. New resource allocation algorithms are then proposed and analysed for simultaneous transmission over the same physical medium, in centralized and decentralized manner. The results show the interest of the LP-OFDM solution
Tanguy, Philippe. "Etude et optimisations d'une communication à haut débit par courant porteur en ligne pour l'automobile." Rennes, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAR0015.
Full textThe automotive industry use more and more electronic for comfort, for the security,. . . However, the manufacturers observed a bottleneck in wiring harnesses. We propose to study a new communication network which does not need new wires: the power line communication (PLC). In a first step, we realized a study of feasibilty with indoor modem (HPAV & HD-PLC standard). Then, we studied and characterized the in-vehicle PLC channel thanks to measurements on four vehicles. Afterwards, a study (simulations) on the parameters of a multicarrier modulation showed that we can increase the inter-carrier spacing and reduce the guard intervall length compared with HPAV. Finally, we realized a flexible demonstrator which use a software-defined radio platform USRP2. The first results are similar with the simulations
Anfray, Thomas. "Étude et simulation des potentialités du Dual Electroabsorption Modulated Laser (D-EML) pour la montée en débit dans les futurs réseaux d’accès optique." Limoges, 2013. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/49d7e50e-10d9-4a3a-b4ca-11cf423f38cb/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4017.pdf.
Full textThe access network is the last part of the network allowing the transmission of information to end-users. The apparition of new bandwidth-hungry services, as video and file sharing services, force telecom operator to increase the capacity of all network segments including access network. Thus the fiber-based access solutions progressively replace copper- or coax-based solutions. The optical fiber is very attractive because of its low linear attenuation and high bandwidth. However, the fiber chromatic dispersion combined to the optical sources chirp limits the bit rate upgrade in the next generation passive optical networks (beyond 10 Gb/s). Indeed, the combination of these two phenomena leads to the spread of the optical pulses carrying information resulting in inter-symbol interferences and consequently in errors at the reception side. In this thesis work, we have investigated the transmission performances of a new optical source, called the dual electroabsorption modulated laser (D-EML), for the bit rate upgrade form 10 Gb/s to 40 Gb/s. The D-EML is composed of a DFB laser monolithically integrated with an EA modulator. The particularity of this source consists in having dual independent RF modulation access for the laser and the modulator. The laser has been developed to play the role of an optical frequency modulator whilst the modulator acts as an optical intensity modulator. With such configuration, it is possible to generate optical single side band (OSSB) signal which is less penalized by the fiber chromatic dispersion than classical optical double side band (ODSB) signals. In this thesis, we have demonstrated thanks to system simulations that the D-EML allows increasing maximal transmission distances beyond the limit imposed by chromatic dispersion for classical ODSB signal, for both on-off keying non-return to zero and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation formats
Guéguen, Emeric. "Etude et optimisation des techniques UWB haut débit multibandes OFDM." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00361467.
Full textAprès la présentation du système MB-OFDM et de ses performances, nous proposons une nouvelle forme d'onde pour l'UWB nommée LP-OFDM. Elle est obtenue en ajoutant au système MB-OFDM une fonction de précodage linéaire combinant avantageusement l'OFDM et la technique d'étalement de spectre. L'utilisation du précodage linéaire permet une meilleure exploitation de la diversité fréquentielle du canal. Il offre également une plus grande granularité dans le choix des débits, augmentant ainsi la flexibilité du système. Il est important de souligner que l'ajout de la fonction de précodage linéaire s'accompagne d'une augmentation minime de la complexité du système.
Des techniques d'optimisation du système sont proposées. Afin de minimiser l'interférence entre les codes d'étalement, une technique reposant sur l'allocation des séquences d'étalement est décrite et un critère de sélection proposé. Nous avons également mis en évidence la nécessité de trouver un compromis entre le rendement de codage et la longueur des séquences d'étalement afin de tirer au mieux partie de la diversité du canal tout en limitant l'interférence entre les codes. Une amélioration notable des performances du système LP-OFDM est ainsi obtenue par rapport au système MB-OFDM. Le système LP-OFDM étendu au cas du MIMO utilisant un codage temps-espace d'Alamouti est également étudié. Les résultats obtenus montrent là encore une amélioration significative des performances permettant d'envisager une augmentation de la portée ou des débits de transmission.
Enfin, l'impact d'un interférent à bande étroite de type WiMAX sur les performances du système LP-OFDM est étudié comparativement au système MB-OFDM. Il en ressort que le système LP-OFDM est plus robuste que le système MB-OFDM face à un brouilleur. L'utilisation du précodage linéaire permet en effet d'étaler la puissance du signal interférent en réception lors du déprécodage linéaire.
Laoudj, Farida. "Les disparités territoriales de mortalité et leur évolution depuis le début des années quatre-vingt : apports et limites de la prise en compte de l'inégale répartition spatiale des groupes sociaux en France métropolitaine." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40080.
Full textIn Metropolitan France, the almost steady increase in life expectancy at birth all over the regions since the beginning of the eighties results in the maintaining of the regional disparities of mortality. Several demographic tools (Ratio of quotients, component of regional differences of life expectancy associated with a death cause, the role of death causes to rate differences, dissimilarity index, direct and indirect standardization of social variables) have enabled to measure and analyze these tendencies from the beginning of the 1980s until the mid-2000s. The unequal distribution of social groups between the areas combined with regional specificities in terms of all of behavior, environment and sector of activity accounts for a part of these regional differences in mortality. Nevertheless, the disparities of mortality are much more significant on a cantonal scale than they are on a regional one. The part of mortality variance between cantons tends to increase since the beginning of the 1980s. In order to break down and understand these inter-cantonal differences, a demo-geographical observation is used to study the space correlations of mortality with social factors and accommodation for old people. All these analyses are integrated into multilevel models which associate the factors hereby studied and the territorial effects. These models confirm the relative weakness of “areas effects” in the local differences in mortality. They also show that a part of these differences is explained by the unequal representation of social groups between the cantons and by the build-up of accommodation for old people who generates effects of a migratory selection that depends on health
Khawam, Kinda. "L'ordonnancement opportuniste dans les réseaux mobiles de nouvelle génération." Paris, ENST, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENST0030.
Full textThe scarce resources in wireless systems compounded by their highly variable and error prone propagation characteristics stress the need for efficient resource management. Scheduling is a key tool to allocate efficiently the radio frequency spectrum. While fading effects have long been combated in wireless networks, primarily devoted to voice calls, they are now seen as an opportunity to increase the capacity of novel wireless networks that incorporate data traffic. For data applications, there is a service flexibility afforded by the delay tolerance of elastic traffic and by their ability to adapt their rate to the variable channel quality. Channel-aware scheduling exploit these characteristics by making use of channel state information to ensure that transmission occurs when radio conditions are most favourable. When users have heterogeneous characteristics and quality of service requirements, channel-aware scheduling becomes a challenging task. In this thesis, channel-aware transmission schemes for supporting downlink non-real time services are proposed and analyzed for novel cellular systems. The proposed schemes are designed for providing various QoS requirements for users while increasing the system global throughput
Borisova-, Karachanova Margarita. "Initiative individuelle et intervention publique dans l'économie politique et sociale de Léon Walras : un débat fondamental ?" Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131024.
Full textThis doctoral thesis relates to the debate on the role of initiative and public participation in the political and social economy of Leon Walras.In the first part the analysis focuses on the philosophy of August Walras who laid the foundation of a real scientific approach to the political and economic theory of property and community in the 19th century. Leon Walras elaborates his own project of political and social economy through a new contribution to a triple vision offering an entire insight by three sciences (pure, applied and social economics). The role of personal initiative and public participation in the political economy of Leon Walras will be revealed through: the redistribution theory and the production theory known as the first and second social question. The second part, following the logic of the thesis, proposes concrete examples in order to understand Walras' theory model as well as to study the topicality of these terms. The importance conferred on public participation will be explored in the works of Leon Walras on intellectual property, nationalization of land and railroad
Khalil, Kassim. "Contributions à l'étude des communications numériques sur le réseau électrique à l'intérieur des bâtiments : modélisation du canal et optimisation du débit." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0023/document.
Full textIn recent years, the electrical network has become an essential candidate for high-speed data transmission inside buildings. Many solutions are currently underway in order to optimize these technologies known under the name of in-home Power-Line Communications (PLC). Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technique has recently been transposed into power-line networks for which different signal feeding possibilities can be considered between phase, neutral and earth wires. In this thesis, we propose two original contributions to indoor broadband PLC. The first contribution concerns the MIMO-PLC channel modeling. Based on a Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) parametric channel model presented in the literature, we propose a MIMO one by considering a new parameter which characterizes the spatial correlation. The proposed model enables an accurate description of the spatial correlation of European MIMO PLC field measurements. The second contribution is related to the impulsive noise present in power-line networks which constitutes a major problem in communications systems. We propose an outage capacity approach in order to optimize the average data rate in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems affected by impulsive noise. First, we study the channel capacity as a function of a noise margin provided to the transmitted symbols. Then we determine the analytical expression of the outage probability of an OFDM symbol in terms of the noise margin, by studying in detail the interaction between the noise impulse and the symbol. Based on the two aforementioned relations, we deduce the outage capacity. Then we propose an approach that enables to maximize the average system data rate. Finally, we present the results in the particular case of indoor broadband PLC in the presence of impulsive noise
Henaut, Julien. "Architecture de traitement du signal pour les couches physiques très haut débit pour les réseaux de capteur : Application à la métrologie dans un contexte aéronautique et spatial." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00849338.
Full textBarrami, Fatima. "Low-complexity direct-detection optical OFDM systems for high data rate communications." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT057/document.
Full textA possible approach to maximize the data rate per wavelength, is to employ the high spectral efficiency discrete multitone (DMT) modulation. The work presented in this thesis mainly focuses on optimizing the power consumption and cost of DMT, that are the major obstacles to its market development. Within this context, we have first developed novel techniques permitting to discard the use of Hermitian symmetry in DMT modulations, thus significantly reducing the power consumption and the system cost. We have next proposed an asymmetric linear companding algorithm permitting to reduce the optical power of conventional DCO-OFDM modulation with a moderate complexity. A new VCSEL behavioural model based on the use of the VCSEL quasi-static characteristic was also developed to accurately evaluate the VCSEL impact on DMT modulations. Finally, we have built an experimental system to experimentally validate our proposed techniques. Several simulations and measurement results are then provided
Blouza, Sofiene. "Étude des potentialités offertes par les technologies de transmission optique flexible pour les réseaux métro / coeur." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870064.
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