Academic literature on the topic 'Repeat aerial photography'
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Journal articles on the topic "Repeat aerial photography"
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Jackson, Miriam, Ian A. Brown, and Hallgeir Elvehøy. "Velocity measurements on Engabreen, Norway." Annals of Glaciology 42 (2005): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756405781812655.
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AbstractHorizontal velocity measurements on the lower part of Engabreen, Norway, were made from repeat aerial photography. IMCORR software, which has been widely used to measure velocities from satellite images, was used to make the measurements. This is the first known successful use of IMCORR on aerial photographs. Supplementary horizontal velocity measurements were made from repeat measurements of stakes, giving velocities over different periods and also in areas that are too slow-moving to register a measurable velocity after only a few days.
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Kulha, Niko, Leena Pasanen, and Tuomas Aakala. "How to Calibrate Historical Aerial Photographs: A Change Analysis of Naturally Dynamic Boreal Forest Landscapes." Forests 9, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9100631.
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Time series of repeat aerial photographs currently span decades in many regions. However, the lack of calibration data limits their use in forest change analysis. We propose an approach where we combine repeat aerial photography, tree-ring reconstructions, and Bayesian inference to study changes in forests. Using stereopairs of aerial photographs from five boreal forest landscapes, we visually interpreted canopy cover in contiguous 0.1-ha cells at three time points during 1959–2011. We used tree-ring measurements to produce calibration data for the interpretation, and to quantify the bias and error associated with the interpretation. Then, we discerned credible canopy cover changes from the interpretation error noise using Bayesian inference. We underestimated canopy cover using the historical low-quality photographs, and overestimated it using the recent high-quality photographs. Further, due to differences in tree species composition and canopy cover in the cells, the interpretation bias varied between the landscapes. In addition, the random interpretation error varied between and within the landscapes. Due to the varying bias and error, the magnitude of credibly detectable canopy cover change in the 0.1-ha cells depended on the studied time interval and landscape, ranging from −10 to −18 percentage points (decrease), and from +10 to +19 percentage points (increase). Hence, changes occurring at stand scales were detectable, but smaller scale changes could not be separated from the error noise. Besides the abrupt changes, also slow continuous canopy cover changes could be detected with the proposed approach. Given the wide availability of historical aerial photographs, the proposed approach can be applied for forest change analysis in biomes where tree-rings form, while accounting for the bias and error in aerial photo interpretation.
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Eiter, Sebastian, Wendy Fjellstad, Oskar Puschmann, and Svein Olav Krøgli. "Long-Term Monitoring of Protected Cultural Heritage Environments in Norway: Development of Methods and First-Time Application." Land 8, no. 5 (April 27, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8050075.
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Norway has a political goal to minimize the loss of cultural heritage due to removal, destruction or decay. On behalf of the national Directorate for Cultural Heritage, we have developed methods to monitor Cultural Heritage Environments. The complementary set of methods includes (1) landscape mapping through interpretation of aerial photographs, including field control of the map data, (2) qualitative and quantitative initial and repeat landscape photography, (3) field recording of cultural heritage objects including preparatory analysis of public statistical data, and (4) recording of stakeholder attitudes, perceptions and opinions. We applied these methods for the first time to the historical clustered farm settlement of Havrå in Hordaland County, West Norway. The methods are documented in a handbook and can be applied as a toolbox, where different monitoring methods or frequency of repeat recording may be selected, dependent on local situations, e.g., on the landscape character of the area in focus.
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Colville, David, Brittany Reeves, Darien Ure, Bill Livingstone, and Heather Stewart. "Mapping the topography and land cover of Sable Island." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 48, no. 2 (May 7, 2016): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v48i2.6660.
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In September 2014 the Applied Geomatics Research Group (AGRG) completed a third aerial mapping campaign of Sable Island. The AGRG first mapped the island in October 2002 with an aerial photography survey. Then in August 2009 AGRG conducted an aerial photography and Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) survey. Five years later these same technologies were deployed again. Each of these surveys led to an orthophoto mosaic of the island and a mapping of the land cover. The 2009 and 2014 surveys also mapped the island’s topography using Digital Surface Models (DSMs) derived from the LiDAR data. Ground-truthing efforts associated with each survey provided data to assist with the interpretation and validation of the results.The repeat surveys resulted in an excellent opportunity to quantify the topographic and land cover changes that have occurred on the island. The mapped results provide a comparison of how and where these changes have occurred over the years. AGRG is working with Parks Canada to better understand how the topography and land cover are changing. This understanding will contribute to Parks Canada Ecological Integrity monitoring program for Sable Island and inform the management planning process for one of Canada’s newest national parks.
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Richard, Hodgkins, and Julian A. Dowdeswell. "Tectonic processes in Svalbard tide-water glacier surges: evidence from structural glaciology." Journal of Glaciology 40, no. 136 (1994): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000012430.
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AbstractThe tectonic effects of a glacier surge differ from those of steady state because flow is driven by longitudinal stresses rather than shear stresses. The orientations of recently formed crevasses, indicating the directions of the principal stresses, have been used to investigate tectonic processes in glacier surges recorded by repeat aerial photography. Long-term, large-magnitude shifts in stress regime are demonstrated, as are short-term propagation features. Two types of tide-water glacier advance are identified, depending on the position of the surge front relative to a low effective-pressure zone at the glacier terminus.
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Richard, Hodgkins, and Julian A. Dowdeswell. "Tectonic processes in Svalbard tide-water glacier surges: evidence from structural glaciology." Journal of Glaciology 40, no. 136 (1994): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000012430.
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AbstractThe tectonic effects of a glacier surge differ from those of steady state because flow is driven by longitudinal stresses rather than shear stresses. The orientations of recently formed crevasses, indicating the directions of the principal stresses, have been used to investigate tectonic processes in glacier surges recorded by repeat aerial photography. Long-term, large-magnitude shifts in stress regime are demonstrated, as are short-term propagation features. Two types of tide-water glacier advance are identified, depending on the position of the surge front relative to a low effective-pressure zone at the glacier terminus.
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Puttock, A. K., A. M. Cunliffe, K. Anderson, and R. E. Brazier. "Aerial photography collected with a multirotor drone reveals impact of Eurasian beaver reintroduction on ecosystem structure." Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems 3, no. 3 (September 2015): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/juvs-2015-0005.
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Beavers are often described as ecological engineers with an ability to modify the structure and flow of fluvial systems and create complex wetland environments with dams, ponds, and canals. Consequently, beaver activity has implications for a wide range of environmental ecosystem services including biodiversity, flood risk mitigation, water quality, and sustainable drinking water provision. With the current debate surrounding the reintroduction of beavers into the United Kingdom, it is critical to be able to monitor the impact of beavers upon the environment. This study presents the first proof of concept results showing how a lightweight hexacopter fitted with a simple digital camera can be used to derive orthophoto and digital surface model (DSM) data products at a site where beavers have recently been reintroduced. Early results indicate that analysis of the fine-scale (0.01 m) orthophoto and DSM can be used to identify impacts on the ecosystem structure including the extent of dams and associated ponds, and changes in vegetation structure due to beaver tree-felling activity. Unmanned aerial vehicle data acquisition offers an effective toolkit for regular repeat monitoring at fine spatial resolution, which is a critical attribute for monitoring rapidly changing and difficult to access beaver-impacted ecosystems.
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Venteris, E. R., I. M. Whillans, and C. J. Van der Veen. "Effect of extension rate on terminus position, Columbia Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A." Annals of Glaciology 24 (1997): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500011927.
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The relations between seasonal changes in ice speed, longitudinal extension rate and terminus position are investigated for Columbia Glacier, Alaska, over the period 1977–87. The lower reach of the glacier is studied using repeat aerial photography, which extends from the terminus to the base of an icefall about 14 km up-glacier. There are regular seasonal cycles in speed and stretching rate. These cycles continue after the glacier retreats off the shoal at the end of the fjord (in about 1983), indicating that factors other than backstress, such as seasonal changes in subglacial water, control the speed of the glacier. Terminus position appears to be linked with thinning induced by longitudinal extension, as predicted by the calving model proposed by Van der Veen (1996).
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Venteris, E. R., I. M. Whillans, and C. J. Van der Veen. "Effect of extension rate on terminus position, Columbia Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A." Annals of Glaciology 24 (1997): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500011927.
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The relations between seasonal changes in ice speed, longitudinal extension rate and terminus position are investigated for Columbia Glacier, Alaska, over the period 1977–87. The lower reach of the glacier is studied using repeat aerial photography, which extends from the terminus to the base of an icefall about 14 km up-glacier. There are regular seasonal cycles in speed and stretching rate. These cycles continue after the glacier retreats off the shoal at the end of the fjord (in about 1983), indicating that factors other than backstress, such as seasonal changes in subglacial water, control the speed of the glacier. Terminus position appears to be linked with thinning induced by longitudinal extension, as predicted by the calving model proposed by Van der Veen (1996).
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Minnich, RA, and CJ Bahre. "Wildland Fire and Chaparral Succession Along the California Baja-California Boundary." International Journal of Wildland Fire 5, no. 1 (1995): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf9950013.
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The United States-Mexico international boundary from ElPaso, Texas to the Pacific Coast shows clear differences in plant communities that were homogeneous prior to being split by a continuous fence at the turn of the century. This study evaluates how disparate fire regimes in California (fire suppression) and northern Baja California (little or no fire control) have influenced succession in the chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum) chaparral communities spanning the international boundary between the border towns of Jacume and Tecate. Fire history was reconstructed using U.S. Forest Service fire maps and repeat aerial photography. Once plotted onto topographic maps and dated, the burns were divided into age-classes and sampled using 50 m point-quarter transects to develop successional chronosequences. Although fires are more frequent and smaller on the Mexican side of the border, our repeat photographs of the boundary monument markers together with field samples show that chaparral succession is similar across the international boundary in species composition, stem densities, and average mass shrub height. Chamise chaparral appears to be stable under disparate fire regimes because sprouting habits and latent seed pools permit efficient stand establishment under either short or long fire intervals. Chaparral recovery during the period examined here is unrelated to fire size because recolonization of burns by long-range seed dispersal is not a trait of the majority of the local shrub species and the shrubs either resprout. or germinate from soil seed reservoirs.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Repeat aerial photography"
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McManamay, Rachel Harris. "Assessing the Impacts of Balsam Woolly Adelgid (Adelges Piceae Ratz.) and Anthropogenic Disturbance on the Stand Structure and Mortality of Fraser Fir (Abies Fraseri (Pursh) Poir.) in the Black Mountains, North Carolina." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42759.
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Over the past several decades, naturally occurring populations of Fraser fir (Abies fraseri) in the Black Mountains of North Carolina have been heavily impacted by both direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbances, including logging and logging- associated fires, and high mortality rates due to the introduction of the exotic insect, balsam woolly adelgid (BWA) (Adelges piceae). The decline in Fraser fir is particularly concern because it serves as a foundation species within the spruce-fir forests of the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Our objectives for this research were to 1) use current stand structure to infer whether Fraser fir trees are experiencing a cycle of regeneration-mortality that will lead to eventual decline of the population, 2) determine what role, if any, the site-specific geographic variables of slope, elevation, aspect, and land use history have on stand structure, mortality, and BWA infestation level, and 3) analyze repeat aerial photography to examine broad trends of spruce-fir forest cover change caused by anthropogenic disturbance and the BWA. In order to understand stand structure, mortality, and infestation levels, we conducted detailed field surveys of Fraser fir trees throughout the Black Mountains using 44, fixed-radius circular sampling plots. These plots were placed throughout a series of aspects, elevations, and disturbance types in order to understand geographic variability among these variables. An analysis of 4 repeat aerial photographs and corroborating ground photographs revealed broad spatio-temporal trends of spruce-fir regeneration and mortality from 1954 to 2006. Our results indicate that Fraser fir stands at higher elevations are currently in a state of recovery; whereas stands at lower elevations appear to be more susceptible to BWA-induced mortality. Changes in forest cover area from 1954 to 2006 were influenced greatly by direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbance. Our results call attention to the significant impact that direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbance has had on Fraser fir stand structure, but also provide evidence for the ability of an imperiled ecosystem to recover from high rates of insect caused mortality.Master of Science
Books on the topic "Repeat aerial photography"
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Evanosky, Dennis. Los Angeles from the air then and now. San Diego, Calif: Thunder Bay Press, 2010.
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1930-, Frey Fred C., ed. Above Baton Rouge: A pilot's view then and now. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Repeat aerial photography"
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Tartara, Patrizia. "Along the Caeretan coast and forward on." In Proceedings e report, 127–36. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.14.
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The territory along the coast north-west of Ro me, still well preserved; in the Etruscan period was for the most under Caere control; it had the three important ports. The territory of Caere has been analyzed for a long time now, through an historical-topographic analytical study of the traces of archaeological remains. The research has been carried out by use of historical and recent aerial photographs and glass slides, last but not least the contribution of the monitoring aerial flights operated with the Carabinieri Helicopter Group of Pratica di Mare.
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Curran, Kevin, John Crumlish, and Gavin Fisher. "OpenStreetMap." In Geographic Information Systems, 540–49. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2038-4.ch033.
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OpenStreetMap is a collaborative web-mapping project that collects geospatial data to create and distribute online maps, freely available to anyone with an Internet connection. Once accessed, OpenStreetMap allows Internet users to contribute and edit geospatial data, effectively making it the mapping equivalent of Wikipedia. OpenStreetMap is maintained by volunteer cartographers from around the world who use GPS devices, portable cameras, and laptops for field mapping. Collected data are complemented with digitised open source aerial photography and free maps from the governmental and commercial sources. This report provides a summary of OpenStreetMap as a remarkable example of participatory geographic information systems (GIS).
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Keefer, Robert F. "Use of Soil Surveys for Landscape Architecture." In Handbook of Soils for Landscape Architects. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121025.003.0003.
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Modern soil survey reports, published since about 1959, have a wealth of information that could be useful for landscape architects. Characteristics of each specific soil are detailed in the text of the soil survey. Distinct kinds of soils for a specific site can be identified from the soil designation on the aerial photographs at the back of the report. Considerable specific information is provided in tables, including data on temperature, precipitation, freeze dates in spring and fall, woodland management and productivity, recreational development capabilities, wildlife habitat potentials, building site development possibilities, sanitary disposal potentials, engineering properties, value of materials for construction, water management limitations, physical and chemical properties of specific soils, and soil and water features. Modern soil survey reports consist of text, tables, soil maps, and often a glossary. These reports are available free to the public and are usually found in county extension services offices, soil conservation district offices, or state agricultural colleges. The text of a soil survey report describes the general nature of the county as to location in the state, climate, physiography, relief and drainage, geology, farming, natural resources, industries, history of settlement, and how the survey was conducted. Soil associations and individual soils are described in detail. Formation of soils is usually discussed in relation to the factors of soil formation. A glossary of terms is often provided for the nonscientific person. The whole county or counties in the report is shown on a soil association map, which is designed to be used to compare the suitability of large areas for general land use. The county is divided into large areas, each of which contains an association of several soils grouped by similar management. Usually from 5 to 15 soil associations are shown with a legend describing each of the specific associations. This type of information could be used for zoning purposes, county management, or other governmental activities. Aerial photos are provided on sheets showing the location of each individual soil in the county. Comprising about half of the soil survey report, this is one of the most useful sections.
Conference papers on the topic "Repeat aerial photography"
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GIBBS, ANN E., MATT NOLAN, and BRUCE M. RICHMOND. "EVALUATING CHANGES TO ARCTIC COASTAL BLUFFS USING REPEAT AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND STRUCTUREFROM-MOTION ELEVATION MODELS." In Coastal Sediments 2015. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814689977_0080.
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Goldade, Bria, Benjamin J. Laabs, and Stephanie S. Day. "TRACKING THE EVOLUTION OF SEASONAL PRAIRIE SNOW IN EASTERN NORTH DAKOTA WITH UAS-BASED REPEAT AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY." In 54th Annual GSA North-Central Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020nc-347974.
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Sumerling, Trevor, Paul Fish, George Towler, James Penfold, John Shevelan, and Richard Cummings. "An Assessment of the Radiological Impact of Coastal Erosion of the UK Low-Level Waste Repository." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59137.
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The UK Low Level Waste Repository Ltd submitted an Environmental Safety Case for the disposal of low-level waste to our regulator, the Environment Agency, on the 1st of May 2011. This includes assessments of the long-term radiological safety of past and future disposals. A particular feature of the Low Level Waste Repository (LLWR) is that, because of its proximity to the coast, the site is vulnerable to coastal erosion. Our present understanding is that the site will be eroded on a timescale of a few hundred to a few thousand years, with consequent disruption of the repository, and dispersal of the wastes. We have undertaken a programme of scientific research and monitoring to characterise the evolution and function of the current coastal system that provides a basis for forecasting its future evolution. This has included modelling of contemporary hydrodynamics, geomorphological mapping, repeat LiDAR and aerial photographic surveys to detect patterns and rates of change, coastal inspections and reconstructions of post-glacial (i.e. last 15,000 years) sea levels and sediment budgets. Estimates of future sea-level rise have been derived from international sources and consideration given to the impact of such on the local coastline. Two alternative models of coastal recession have then been applied, one empirical and one physical-process based, taking account of the composition of Quaternary-age sediments between the coast and the site and uncertainties in future local sea level change. Comparison of the ranges of calculated times to site contact with sea-level rise indicate that the repository is most likely to be disrupted by undercutting of the engineered vaults and of the trenches. A novel and flexible radiological assessment model has been developed to analyse the impacts of the erosion of the repository and subsequent dispersal of wastes. The model represents the spatial layout of the site and distribution of radionuclides within the repository and is able to take account of a range of uncertainties. These include uncertainties related to the rate of erosion through the facility, amounts of co-erosion of geological and cap materials, alternative assumptions for residence of waste materials on the beach, alternative waste form associations, the wider dispersion of the eroded materials and marine sorption/desorption processes. Results indicate assessed annual doses and risks that are consistent with regulatory guidance levels.
Reports on the topic "Repeat aerial photography"
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Kopp, Gregory A., David Sills, Emilio S. Hong, and Joanne Kennell. Northern Tornadoes Project. Northern Tornadoes Flyover Project: Summary Technical Report of the Year 1 Pilot Study. Western Libraries, Western University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/ntpr181.
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12 January 2018 The objectives of the Year 1 Pilot Study were to (i) develop a methodology for determining tornado occurrence in Northern Ontario, and (ii) obtain research quality data for at least one event. Because of the isolation of many regions, the approach assumed the use of radar data analysis combined with aerial surveys. These objectives were achieved. Aerial surveys were conducted for a total of seven events in Ontario and southern Quebec and 15 confirmed or probable tornadoes identified. Archival geo-tagged imagery was obtained for six of these events. Ten confirmed or probable tornadoes were identified in Ontario, five of which were not in the OSPC database. In addition, 5 tornadoes were confirmed in Quebec. For the 2017 season, the OSPC had a list of 10 verified tornadoes, as of December 21, 2017. The pilot project raises this number to 15. In total, 4 EF2 tornadoes and 1 EF3 tornado were identified via aerial photography. The remainder were EF1 or EF0. UPDATE – 23 April 2018 Based on the analysis of newly available Planet.com high-resolution satellite imagery and related tools, several events were reassessed and a number of additional tornadoes were discovered. Overall, an additional three tornadoes were added to 2017 count. The updated events are listed in a revised 2017 summary table appended at the end of this document.
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Swanson, Benjamin, Grant Meyer, and Julie Coonrod. Coupling of Hydrologic/Hydraulic Models and Aerial Photographs Through Time, Rio Grande Near Albuquerque, New Mexico: Report Documentary 2007 Work. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada529438.
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Brophy, Kenny, and Alison Sheridan, eds. Neolithic Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.196.
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The main recommendations of the Panel report can be summarised as follows: The Overall Picture: more needs to be understood about the process of acculturation of indigenous communities; about the Atlantic, Breton strand of Neolithisation; about the ‘how and why’ of the spread of Grooved Ware use and its associated practices and traditions; and about reactions to Continental Beaker novelties which appeared from the 25th century. The Detailed Picture: Our understanding of developments in different parts of Scotland is very uneven, with Shetland and the north-west mainland being in particular need of targeted research. Also, here and elsewhere in Scotland, the chronology of developments needs to be clarified, especially as regards developments in the Hebrides. Lifeways and Lifestyles: Research needs to be directed towards filling the substantial gaps in our understanding of: i) subsistence strategies; ii) landscape use (including issues of population size and distribution); iii) environmental change and its consequences – and in particular issues of sea level rise, peat formation and woodland regeneration; and iv) the nature and organisation of the places where people lived; and to track changes over time in all of these. Material Culture and Use of Resources: In addition to fine-tuning our characterisation of material culture and resource use (and its changes over the course of the Neolithic), we need to apply a wider range of analytical approaches in order to discover more about manufacture and use.Some basic questions still need to be addressed (e.g. the chronology of felsite use in Shetland; what kind of pottery was in use, c 3000–2500, in areas where Grooved Ware was not used, etc.) and are outlined in the relevant section of the document. Our knowledge of organic artefacts is very limited, so research in waterlogged contexts is desirable. Identity, Society, Belief Systems: Basic questions about the organisation of society need to be addressed: are we dealing with communities that started out as egalitarian, but (in some regions) became socially differentiated? Can we identify acculturated indigenous people? How much mobility, and what kind of mobility, was there at different times during the Neolithic? And our chronology of certain monument types and key sites (including the Ring of Brodgar, despite its recent excavation) requires to be clarified, especially since we now know that certain types of monument (including Clava cairns) were not built during the Neolithic. The way in which certain types of site (e.g. large palisaded enclosures) were used remains to be clarified. Research and methodological issues: There is still much ignorance of the results of past and current research, so more effective means of dissemination are required. Basic inventory information (e.g. the Scottish Human Remains Database) needs to be compiled, and Canmore and museum database information needs to be updated and expanded – and, where not already available online, placed online, preferably with a Scottish Neolithic e-hub that directs the enquirer to all the available sources of information. The Historic Scotland on-line radiocarbon date inventory needs to be resurrected and kept up to date. Under-used resources, including the rich aerial photography archive in the NMRS, need to have their potential fully exploited. Multi-disciplinary, collaborative research (and the application of GIS modelling to spatial data in order to process the results) is vital if we are to escape from the current ‘silo’ approach and address key research questions from a range of perspectives; and awareness of relevant research outside Scotland is essential if we are to avoid reinventing the wheel. Our perspective needs to encompass multi-scale approaches, so that ScARF Neolithic Panel Report iv developments within Scotland can be understood at a local, regional and wider level. Most importantly, the right questions need to be framed, and the right research strategies need to be developed, in order to extract the maximum amount of information about the Scottish Neolithic.