Academic literature on the topic 'Repeated-measures ANOVA'

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Journal articles on the topic "Repeated-measures ANOVA"

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Ziegel, Eric R., and E. Girden. "ANOVA: Repeated Measures." Technometrics 35, no. 4 (November 1993): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1270301.

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Johnson, Lester W., and Ellen R. Girden. "ANOVA: Repeated Measures." Journal of Marketing Research 32, no. 2 (May 1995): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3152054.

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McCulloch, Charles E. "Repeated Measures ANOVA, R.I.P.?" CHANCE 18, no. 3 (June 2005): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09332480.2005.10722732.

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Johnson, Lester W. "Book Review: Anova: Repeated Measures." Journal of Marketing Research 32, no. 2 (May 1995): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224379503200213.

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Muller, Keith E., and Curtis N. Barton. "Approximate Power for Repeated-Measures ANOVA Lacking Sphericity." Journal of the American Statistical Association 84, no. 406 (June 1989): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1989.10478802.

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CHEKALUK, E., T. P. HUTCHINSON, and D. CAIRNS. "Repeated measures ANOVA for responses developing over time." European Journal of Anaesthesiology 15, no. 3 (May 1998): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003643-199805000-00029.

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Jennings, Earl. "Models for Pretest-Posttest Data: Repeated Measures ANOVA Revisited." Journal of Educational Statistics 13, no. 3 (September 1988): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/10769986013003273.

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Eight models that can be used to analyze data from a pretest-posttest design are discussed. Artificial data are used to demonstrate that comparisons among some of the models generate results identical to those obtained by using repeated measures ANOVA. Such results are shown to be potentially misleading. Repeated measures ANOVA is not recommended with pretest-posttest data.
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Potvin, Patrick J., and Robert W. Schutz. "Statistical power for the two-factor repeated measures ANOVA." Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 32, no. 2 (June 2000): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03207805.

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Jennings, Earl. "Models for Pretest-Posttest Data: Repeated Measures ANOVA Revisited." Journal of Educational Statistics 13, no. 3 (1988): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1164655.

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Grice, James W., David Philip Arthur Craig, and Charles I. Abramson. "A Simple and Transparent Alternative to Repeated Measures ANOVA." SAGE Open 5, no. 3 (July 10, 2015): 215824401560419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244015604192.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Repeated-measures ANOVA"

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King, Taylor J. "Power Analysis to Determine the Importance of Covariance Structure Choice in Mixed Model Repeated Measures Anova." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28656.

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Repeated measures experiments involve multiple subjects with measurements taken on each subject over time. We used SAS to conduct a simulation study to see how different methods of analysis perform under various simulation parameters (e.g. sample size, autocorrelation, repeated measures). Our goals were to: compare the multivariate analysis of variance method using PROC GLM to the mixed model method using PROC MIXED in terms of power, determine how choosing the incorrect covariance structure for mixed model analysis affects power, and identify sample sizes needed to produce adequate power of 90 percent under different scenarios. The findings support using the mixed model method over the multivariate method because power is generally higher when using the mixed model method. Simpler covariance structures may be preferred when testing the within-subjects effect to obtain high power. Additionally, these results can be used as a guide for determining the sample size needed for adequate power.
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Mašková, Jana. "Analýza dat ze závislých výběrů ve výzkumu trhu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-19243.

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There are surveys carried out repeatedly on the same set of units. In connection with such research, we are talking about the dependent samples. The aim and the contribution of this diploma thesis is a summary of available methods for analyzing data from dependent samples for both continuous and discrete variables. The Czech literature has been devoted to this topic only marginally. The theoretical part is divided into two main parts for two waves and for more waves of exploration, which are further divided according to the type of reference variable. The third part is devoted to the application of the theoretical information in a market research.
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Morales, Zoe A. "Using a Repeated Measures ANOVA Design to Analyze the Effect Writing in Mathematics Has on the Mathematics Achievement of Third Grade English Language Learners and English Speakers." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2719.

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The gap that exists between English language learners and English speaking students’ achievement in mathematics continues to grow. Moreover, students are now required to show evidence of their mathematics knowledge through writing in standardized assessments and class assignments. The purpose of this study was to analyze students’ writing in mathematics and the metacognitive behaviors they portrayed through their writing as they solved mathematics problems. The instruments included a pretest, two biweekly tests, and a posttest. The writing instruction encompassed students learning to solve problems by using Polya’s four phases of problem solving which was completed in 12 sessions over a period of 6 weeks. Garofalo and Lester’s framework which renamed Polya’s phases into orientation, organization, execution, and verification, was used to look at the metacognitive behaviors students used. The participants included 67 students enrolled in four third grade classes, who were English language learners and English speakers. This research followed a quasi-experimental design, with a treatment group and a control group. A one-way repeated ANOVA was used to analyze the data. The findings showed no significant difference between the mathematics achievement scores of treatment and control. However, growth trends in achievement scores revealed that the treatment group scores were increasing faster than the control group scores across the four tests during the 6-week study. Moreover, significant differences were found between the treatment and the control groups when the problem solving with metacognitive behaviors scores were analyzed. Descriptive statistics showed the frequency of occurrence of each of the problem solving phases increased steadily across the four tests for the students in the treatment group. During the posttest, 100% of treatment group students wrote about metacognitive behaviors they used during the orientation and organization phases, 91.4% wrote about their metacognition for executing the solution, and 80% wrote about the verification process they followed. These findings are useful to education professionals who are interested in creating programs for teaching mathematics at the elementary level that include effective problem solving practices. This evidence-based method may be adopted in school districts with large populations of ELLs in order to assist these students when solving problems in mathematics.
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Copeland, Matthew Blair. "Learner Modal Preference and Content Delivery Method Predicting Learner Performance and Satisfaction." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862858/.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate how the online, computer-based learner's personal learning profile (Preference), the content delivery method supplemented with visual content based on Neil Fleming's VARK (visual, aural, read/write, kinesthetic) model (Content), and the interaction of Preference and Content, influenced learner performance (Performance) and/or learner self-reported satisfaction (Satisfaction). Participants were drawn from a population of undergraduates enrolled in a large public southwestern research university during the fall 2015 semester. The 165 student participants (13.79% completion rate) were comprised of 52 (31.5%) females and 113 (68.5%) males age 18-58+ years with 126 (76.4%) age 18-24 years. For race/ethnicity, participants self-identified as 1 (0.66%) American Indian/Alaska Native, 21 (12.7%) Asian/Pacific Islander, 27 (16.4%) Black, non-Hispanic, 28 (17%) Hispanic, 78 (47.3%) White, non-Hispanic, 10 (6.1%) other. Reported socioeconomic status was 22 (13.3%) withheld, 53 (32.1%) did not know, 45 (27.3%) low, 13 (7.9%) moderately low, 16 (9.7%) middle, 8 (4.8%) upper middle, and 8 (4.8%) upper. This causal-comparative and quasi-experimental, mixed-method, longitudinal study used researcher-developed web-based modules to measure Performance and Satisfaction, and used the criterion p < .05 for statistical significance. A two-way, 4 x 3 repeated measures (Time) analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) using Preference and Content was statistically significant on each Performance measure over Time, and at two measures on Satisfaction over Time. The RM-ANOVA was statistically significant on between-subjects main effect Performance for read/write modality Content compared to aural and kinesthetic Content. There were no statistically significant main effects observed for Satisfaction. A Pearson r correlation analysis showed that participants that were older, married, and of higher socioeconomic status performed better. The correlation analysis also showed that participants who performed better reported greater likelihood to take online courses in the future, higher motivation, sufficient time and support for studies, and sufficient funding for and access to the Internet. The study results suggested that regardless of Preference, using read/write modality Content based on the VARK model while maintaining the verbal language can yield better Performance outcomes. The study results also suggested that while maintaining the verbal language, Preference, and Content based on the VARK model do not distinguish learner Satisfaction outcomes. However, because Satisfaction has been shown to impact Performance, efficacy, and retention, it matters to educational institutions. Future research should consider more granular models and factorial research methods, because models that utilize a single representative construct score can mask effects when analyzing Performance and Satisfaction.
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Potvin, Patrick John. "Statistical power for repeated measures anova." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4644.

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Determining power a prior for univariate repeated measures (RM) ANOVA designs is a difficult and often excluded practice in the planning of experimental research. Complicated procedures and lack of accessibility to computer power programs are among some of the problems which have discouraged researchers from perforrning power analysis on these designs. Another more serious issue has been the lack of methods available for estimating power of designs with two or more R M factors. Due to uncertainties on how to compute an appropriate error term when more than one variance-covariance matrix exists, analytical methods for approximating power are currently restricted to R M designs with only one withinsubjects variable. The purpose of this study therefore, was to facilitate the process of power detennination by providing a series of power tables for ANOVA designs with one and two within-subject variables. A secondary objective was to investigate less well known power trends among ANOVA designs having heterogeneous (nonspherical) correlation matrices or two R M factors. Power was generated using analytical and Monte Carlo simulation methods for varying experimental conditions of sample size (5, 10 , 15, 20, 25 & 30), effect size (small, medium & large), alpha (.01, .05 & .10), correlation (.4 & .8), variance-covariance matrix patterns (constant, e=1.00 and trend, e<.56) and levels of R M (3, 6 & 9). Examination of power results revealed that under conditions of nonsphericity (trend matrix pattern), power was found to be greater at small effect sizes and lower at medium and large effect sizes compared to those values generated under conditions involving spherical (constant matrix) structures. Regarding designs with two R M factors, power of main effects tests was observed to be greatest for a given condition so long as the average correlation among trials of the pooled factor was equal to or below that of the main effects factor. For interaction tests of the same model, power was found to be greatest for a given condition when at least one factor had an average correlation across its trials equal to .80. From simulation results, the relationship between error variance and power across different correlation matrices of the two-way R M design was examined and approximations of the noncentrality parameter for each test of this model were derived.
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Liu, Siwei Rovine Michael J. "Comparing repeated-measures ANOVA and multilevel growth curve modeling a simulation study /." 2008. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/PSUonlyIndex/ETD-3430/index.html.

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Wang, Haiyan. "Testing in multifactor heteroscedastic ANOVA and repeated measures designs with large number of levels." 2004. http://www.etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-554/index.html.

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Machisi, Eric. "Exploring solution strategies that can enhance the achievement of low-performing grade 12 learners in some mathematical aspects." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13244.

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The purpose of this study was to explore solution strategies that can enhance the achievement of low-performing Grade 12 learners in the following mathematical aspects: finding the general term of a quadratic sequence, factorising third degree polynomials, determining the centre and radius of a circle, and calculating the angle between two lines. A convenience sample of twenty-five low-performing Grade 12 learners from a secondary school in Capricorn District of Limpopo Province participated in the study which adopted a repeated-measures research design. Learners were exposed to multiple solution strategies and data were collected using achievement tests. Findings indicated significant differences in learners‟ average scores due to the solution strategies used. In determining the general term of a quadratic sequence, learners‟ scores were significantly higher when they used formula and the table method than with the method of residues and solving simultaneous equations. Synthetic division made learners to achieve better scores than long division and equating coefficients in factorising third degree polynomials. The use of formulae to find the centre and radius of a circle made learners to have better achievement scores than completing the square. In calculating the angle between two lines learners‟ scores were better using formula and the cosine rule than using theorems. It was concluded that exposing low-performing Grade 12 learners to multiple solution strategies would enhance their achievement in the mathematical aspects explored in the study. Some of the solution strategies that made learners to achieve better results were not in the prescribed mathematics textbooks. The study therefore recommends that mathematics teaching should not be textbook-driven and that low-performing Grade 12 learners should not be regarded as beyond redemption.
Mathematics Education
M.Sc. (Mathematics, Science and Technology Education)
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Kluth, Christian. "Zentrale und periphere Populationen von Hornungia petraea: Biodiversität und Demographie auf unterschiedlichen raum-zeitlichen Skalenebenen." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B699-D.

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Books on the topic "Repeated-measures ANOVA"

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ANOVA: Repeated measures. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1992.

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Girden, Ellen R. ANOVA: Repeated Measures (Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences). Sage Publications, Inc, 1991.

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Doing ANOVA for Repeated Measures With the College Scorecard (2009–2013) in SPSS. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526437747.

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Doing ANOVA for Repeated Measures With the Health Insurance Marketplace (2014–2016) in SPSS. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526437938.

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Doing ANOVA for Repeated Measures With the World Development Indicators (2002–2012) in SPSS. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526438034.

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Miksza, Peter, and Kenneth Elpus. Design and Analysis of Experimental Research II. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199391905.003.0009.

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This chapter introduces the reader to more possibilities for thinking about causal questions and for laying the foundational concepts necessary for conducting data analyses that correspond to more complex experimental designs. The discussion of experimental design types presented in chapter 8 is expanded to include within-subjects designs, factorial designs, mixed designs, and designs for multivariate outcomes. Prototypical examples of each design type are presented along with the typical analysis tools used for testing the associated experimental hypotheses. Hypothetical examples of research designs that are suitable for illustrating analyses with repeated-measures ANOVA, factorial or multiway ANOVA, and MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance).
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Streiner, David L., Geoffrey R. Norman, and John Cairney. Reliability. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685219.003.0008.

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This chapter reviews the basic theory of reliability, and examines the relation between reliability and measurement error. It derives the standard form of reliability, the intraclass correlation or ICC, from repeated measures ANOVA. The chapter explores issues in the application of the reliability coefficient, including absolute versus relative reliability, the reliability of multiple observations, and the standard error of measurement. It examines several other measures of reliability—Cohen’s kappa, Pearson r, and the method of Altman and Bland—and derives the relation between them and the ICC. The chapter determines the variance of a reliability estimate. It also calculates sample size estimates for reliability studies, and methods to combine reliability estimates in systematic reviews.
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Book chapters on the topic "Repeated-measures ANOVA"

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Judd, Charles M., Gary H. McClelland, and Carey S. Ryan. "Repeated-Measures ANOVA." In Data Analysis, 260–91. Third Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2017. | Revised edition: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315744131-11.

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Baguley, Thom. "Repeated measures ANOVA." In Serious Stats, 622–66. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36355-7_16.

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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Repeated Measures ANOVA, Friedman (10 Patients)." In SPSS for Starters, 21–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9519-0_6.

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Smaga, Łukasz. "One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA for Functional Data." In Data Analysis and Rationality in a Complex World, 243–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60104-1_27.

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Ufliand, Anna, and Nina Alexeyeva. "The Dependence of the Ergodicity on the Time Effect in the Repeated Measures ANOVA with Missing Data Based on the Unbiasedness Recovery." In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 505–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2104-1_50.

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"The GLM Approach to Factorial Repeated Measures Designs." In Anova and Ancova, 171–97. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118491683.ch7.

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"ANOVA Repeated Measures." In Intermediate Statistics Using SPSS, 222–50. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320: SAGE Publications, Inc, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781071802625.n9.

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"Repeated Measures ANOVA." In Sports Research with Analytical Solution Using SPSS®, 153–89. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119206767.ch6.

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Roever, Carsten, and Aek Phakiti. "Repeated-Measures ANOVA." In Quantitative methods for Second Language Research, 154–65. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203067659-11.

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"Repeated Measures ANOVA." In SPSS Data Analysis for Univariate, Bivariate, and Multivariate Statistics, 91–102. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119465775.ch8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Repeated-measures ANOVA"

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Sriraam, N., and T. K. Padma Shri. "Detection of alcoholic impact on visual event related potentials using beta band spectral entropy, repeated measures ANOVA and k-NN classifier." In 2016 International Conference on Circuits, Controls, Communications and Computing (I4C). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cimca.2016.8053284.

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NAWAZ, UZMA. "The Effects of Barrages Head works on Rivers in Punjab Pakistan on Water Quality Parameters measured through One Way Repeated Measures ANOVA." In Sixth International Conference on Advances in Applied Science and Environmental Technology - ASET 2017. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-119-1-65.

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Balta, Berna, Fazıl O¨nder So¨nmez, and Abdu¨lkadir Cengiz. "Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility Investigations of a Test Rig Using ANOVA/Xbar-R Method." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62130.

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In an experimental study, good measurement systems are important for approaching successful decisions. The assessment of a measurement system is known as “Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility” (GR&R). “Measurement System Analysis” (MSA) should be performed at the beginning of an experimental study to ensure that the information to be collected are true representation of what is occurring in the experiment. Experimental data collected under the same condition usually show variation, which arises partly from the experimental system, partly from the measurement devices and partly from the operator who makes the measurements. MSA helps to differentiate the contribution of each source to the randomness of the data. In this way, one may see whether there is a need to reduce the measurement variation so that the data reflects basically the experimental variation. Besides, MSA gives quantitative measures for repeatability and reproducibility. Repeatability is the variation in repeated measurements taken by the same operator under the same experimental conditions. Reproducibility is the variation in data obtained by different operators taking the measurement with the same setup under the same conditions. These are measures of the consistency and precision of the data. GR&R is the most common MSA tool that analyzes the viability of an experimental set-up. Resultant GR&R will indicate overall measurement system variation as the sum of repeatability variation and reproducibility variation. Generally, GR&R % gives a measure of the suitability of the measurement system to yield acceptable data for statistical studies such as “Design Of Experiments” (DOE), “One Factor At a Time” (OFAT), “Response Surface Methodology”, etc. [1, 2]. In this paper, “Analysis of Variance” (ANOVA) and the “Average and Range” (Xbar & R) methods are used to assess the capability of a laboratory made measurement device, which is used for the investigations of a belt drive system efficiency. GR&R is applied at the design stages of the construction of the test rig and final application is presented in this study. The results prove that the test rig is capable of making experimental studies using statistical methods such as DOE and Response Surface Methodology.
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Hamade, Ramsey F., and Nesreen Ghaddar. "A Study of the Impact of Team Functions in a First Year Design Course on Student Performance in Later Design Courses." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64658.

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In this paper, the authors report on a longitudinal study of the impact of the function that a student assumes in this introductory course on his/her performance in design courses taken later in their engineering studies. The study tracks the performance of 204 students through the curriculum up to and including the final year’s capstone design project. Tracking is accomplished using repeated measures ANOVA (RMANOVA). Potential correlations are statistically examined between the introductory course grades and subgrades of the major deliverables (report and contest) and those from the later design courses after being segregated according to team function. The findings reveal strong impact of team functions on performance in design courses taken by the students up to three years later in the curriculum. Furthermore, it was also found that 64% of all teams formed for the capstone project contained two or more of the team original members formed in ME Tools.
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Puttlitz, Christian M., Robert P. Melcher, Vedat Deviren, Dezsoe Jeszenszky, and Ju¨rgen Harms. "Construct Stability of C2 Replacement Strategies." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42893.

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Reconstruction of C2 after tumor destruction and resection remains a significant challenge. Most constructs utilize a strutgraft with plate or screw fixation. A novel C2 prosthesis combining a titanium mesh cage with bilateral C1 shelves and a T-plate has been used successfully in 18 patients. Supplemental posterior instrumentation includes C0-C3 or C1-C3. Biomechanical comparisons of this C2 prosthesis with traditional fixation options have not been reported. Five fresh-frozen human cadaveric cervical spines (C0-C5) were tested intact. Next, the C2 prosthesis, and strut graft and anterior plate constructs were tested with occiput-C3 and C1-C3 posterior fixation. Pure moment loads (up to 1.5 N-m) were applied in flexion and extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. C1-C3 motion was evaluated using 3 camera motion analysis. Statistical significance was evaluated using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc pairwise comparisons. All constructs provided a statistically significant decrease in motion in this C2 corpectomy model as compared to the intact condition. There was no significant difference in C1-C3 motion between the 4 constructs, regardless of whether the occiput was included in the fixation. Under these loading conditions, both the C2 prostheisis and strut-graft-plate constructs provided initial C1-C3 stability beyond that of the intact specimen. The occiput does not need to be included in the posterior instrumentation.
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Foretic, Nikola, Barbara Gilic, and Damir Sekulic. "Reliability and validity of the newly developed tests of football specific change of direction speed and reactive agility in youth players." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-13.

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Purpose: Agility is an important determinant of success in football (soccer), but there is a lack of reliable and valid tests applicable in the evaluation of different agility components in youth football players. In this study we evaluated the reliability and factorial validity of the two newly developed tests of agility in male youth football players. Methods: The sample comprised 44 youth football players (all males, 14–15 years of age) who were tested on anthropometrics (body height and mass), newly developed tests of foot-ball specific reactive agility (FS-RAG) and change of direction speed (FS-CODS), one stand-ard test of CODS (20-yards), and sprinting over 20-m distance (S20M). The relative reliability is evaluated by calculation of Intra-Class-Correlation coeficients (ICC), while the absolute reliability was evaluated by calculation of the coeficient of variation (CV). Further, systematic bias was checked by analysis of variance for repeated measurements (ANOVA). The asso-ciations between studied variables were evidenced by Pearson’s correlation. Finally, factor analysis was calculated to define the factorial validity of agility tests (FS-RAG, FS-CODS, 20-yards). Results: The newly developed football-specific tests were found to be reliable, with better re-liability of FS-CODS (ICC: 0.81, CV: 6%), than of FS-RAG (ICC: 0.76, CV: 9%). The ANOVA evidenced significant (p < 0.05) learning effects for FS-RAG, but post-hoc analysis indicated stabilization of the results until the third testing trial. Factor analysis extracted one significant factor under the Guttmann-Kaiser criterion (Explained Variance: 1.67), showing the appro-priate factorial validity of newly developed tests in comparison to standard agility indicator 20-yards. Meanwhile, the significant correlations between all agility performances with S20M (Pearson’s R: 0.52–0.63; all p < 0.01) revealed that sprinting capacity significantly influence agility performances and that conditioning capacities of youth football players are not yet discriminated. Conclusion: Results showed appropriate reliability and validity of the newly developed tests of football specific change of direction speed and reactive agility. Therefore, here proposed FS-CODS and FS-RAG can be used as reliable and valid measures of agility components in youth football players. Further studies should evaluate the discriminative validity of the here proposed tests (i.e. identification of position-specific or performance-related differences), as well as reliability in younger players than those studied herein.
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Stascavage, Kathryn A., Morgan L. Brophy, Alexandra F. Lisi, Antonio Valdevit, and Thomas Errico. "Static Evaluation of Distraction Associated With Axial Rotation of the CerviCore® Intervertebral Disc Prosthesis." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37845.

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Introduction: The spine displays coupled motion. In the cervical spine this may be partly attributed to the oncovertberal joints which act as rails to guide vertebral motion. In axial rotation, a vertical distraction is observed and increases until additional structures are engaged to restrain motion. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare distraction under axial rotation between the intact disc and the CerviCore® Intervertebral Disc prosthesis. Material and Methods: Six caprine functional spinal units (FSUs) were embedded in sleeves with a displacement transducer secured laterally across the disc space. The FSU was placed on the load cell of a materials testing machine and a 100N compressive load applied. Through the use of a rotary table, the inferior body was rotated relative to the superior body to angles of 0, 3, 6, and 9 degrees and distraction recorded at each position. The FSU was then implanted with the CerviCore® Intervertebral Disc prosthesis (without removal of the transducer) and the rotation sequence repeated. Statistical comparisons between the intact and implanted conditions were performed using a repeated measures ANOVA and a Tukey post-hoc test for comparisons between angle configurations. Further comparisons between the intact and implanted conditions at specific angle orientations were performed using a paired t-test. Results: No significant differences were found in axial distraction between the intact and CerviCore® implanted conditions regardless of rotation angle applied (P>0.4 for all). With respect to the effects of rotation angle upon distraction, a significant difference between the 0 versus the 6 and 9 degree conditions (P<0.05 for both) was found for the intact condition. In the case of the CerviCore® implanted condition a significant difference was found between the 0 and 9 degree rotation condition (P<0.05). A linear regression of vertical distraction versus applied rotation resulted in a vertical distraction rate that was not significantly different between the intact and implanted conditions (P>0.08). Discussion: No significant differences were detected for distraction heights at angles of 0, 3, 6, and 9 degrees under intact and implanted conditions. Further, a linear regression of measured distraction versus applied rotation angle indicated that the rate of distraction between intact and implanted conditions was not significantly different. Noteworthy is that in the regression analysis, the confidence bands associated with the implanted device are considerably narrower that those for the intact condition, indicating a more predictable response to applied rotation in the case of the implanted condition.
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8

King, Shelby, Sterling Hubbard, and Jenni Teeters. "An Interactive Personalized Feedback and Text-Messaging Intervention is Associated with Reductions in Substance-Impaired Driving." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.38.

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Background: Substance-impaired driving continues to be a national public health concern and data suggests that up to one-third of college students report driving after drinking and/or cannabis use in the past year. To date, little research has investigated whether brief, technology-based interventions can be used to reduce substance-impaired driving among young adults. Recent research indicates that interventions that incorporate personal contact lead to larger effect sizes than fully automated interventions. The present study compared an interactive text-messaging intervention to an automated text-messaging intervention in the context of a brief, mobile-phone based substance-impaired driving intervention. Method: Participants were recruited through the university’s subject pool (n = 46) and completed measures that assessed impaired driving at baseline and three-month follow-up. In order to be eligible, students had to be at least 18 years or older, have access to a motor vehicle, and report driving after drinking two or more drinks and/or driving after cannabis use at least three times in the past three months. Participants were randomly assigned into four conditions: personalized feedback plus text-messaging (n = 12), personalized feedback plus automated text messaging (n = 11), an active control condition- (substance use information, n = 12), and an assessment only control condition (n = 11). Results: Repeated measures ANOVAs were run to compare the number of times driving while impaired over time across conditions. Analyses revealed the personalized feedback plus text-messaging led to significantly greater reductions over time in the number of times driving while impaired compared to participants in the assessment-only condition (p = .022). Additionally, participants in the personalized feedback plus text-messaging condition reported a greater reduction over time in the number of times driving while impaired than those in the personalized feedback plus automated text messaging condition, though this difference was not significantly significant (p = .066). Surprisingly, the text-messaging conditions did not result in significantly greater reductions in substance-impaired driving compared to the active control condition (p = .227). Discussion: Overall, these findings provide preliminary support for the short-term efficacy of a mobile-delivered personalized feedback intervention with interactive text-messaging in reducing substance-impaired driving among young adults. Due to Covid-19, three-month follow-up data could not be collected from half of the originally enrolled sample, resulting in underpowered analyses. Additional data will be collected as part of this pilot trial in the coming year.
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9

Nordin, Andrew D., Joshua P. Bailey, and Janet S. Dufek. "Implications of Increased Lower Extremity Movement Variability on Fall Susceptibility at Increased Stride Lengths During Locomotion." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63804.

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The purpose of this examination was to explore the effects of stride length (SL) perturbations on walking gait, relative to preferred walking (PW) and running (PR), via lower extremity range of motion (ROM) variability. ROM variability at the hip, knee, and ankle joints, in the sagittal and frontal planes were used in evaluating motor control of gait, where increased gait variability has been previously implicated in fall susceptibly. Nine participants (5 male, 4 female; mean age 23.11±3.55 years, height 1.72±0.18m, mass 72.66±14.37kg) free from previous lower extremity injury were examined. Kinematic data were acquired using a 12-camera system (Vicon MX T40-S; 200Hz). Data filtering and interpolation included a low pass, 4th order, Butterworth filter (15Hz cutoff) and cubic spline. Five gait trials were completed for PW and PR, with subsequent SL manipulations computed as a percentage of leg length (LL). SL perturbations included 60%, 80%, 100%, 120%, and 140% of LL. Kinematic analysis involved one stride (two steps) during each gait trial, assessing ROM at the hip, knee, and ankle from heel contact to toe-off for each limb, in the sagittal and frontal planes. Variability was expressed using coefficient of variation (%). Comparisons were made using 3×7 (joint × stride condition) mixed model ANOVAs, with repeated measures on stride condition (α = 0.05), using SPSS 20.0. Differences in lower extremity ROM variability were detected among stride conditions in the frontal and sagittal planes (F[3.185,76.451] = 3.004, p = .033; F[4.595,110.279] = 2.834, p = .022, respectively). Greater ROM variability was observed at, and in excess of SLs of 100%LL relative to PW in the frontal plane (PW: 9.2±4.2%; 100%LL: 11.8±3.6%, p = .014; 120%LL: 13.5±5.8%, p = .046; 140%LL: 13.8±6.5%, p = .016), and between SLs of 80%LL and 120%LL in the sagittal plane (4.9±3.0%; 7.8±4.7%, p = .046, respectively). From this, PW appeared to occur within SLs of 60%LL to 80%LL, while SLs exceeding 100%LL resulted in increased lower extremity ROM variability. This may have consequences for fall susceptibility at increased stride lengths during walking. PR did not reveal significant variability differences (p>.05) compared to walking conditions in either the sagittal or frontal plane (7.5±5.0%; 12.8±7.7%, respectively), suggesting that running represents a separate, but stable gait pattern. In the sagittal plane, ROM variability was significantly lower at the hip (3.9±1.5%), relative to the ankle (8.4±1.6%, p<.001) and knee joints (7.4±2.6%, p = .001), suggesting that gait control may be more active at the ankle and knee joints. Future investigations should examine kinetic changes in gait when altering stride length.
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