Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réponse au couplage vitesse'
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Pascal, Jérôme. "Vitesse de combustion d'un propergol solide composite en présence d'oscillations de la vitesse de l'écoulement." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112066.
Full textSanhaji, Mani Ahmed. "Contribution à la réalisation d'un système de transmission de couple à vitesse variable." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUES057.
Full textBock, Jean-Pierre. "Modélisation et calcul couplé des champs électromagnétiques dans les machines asynchrones en régime transitoire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL094N.
Full textGrillet, Nadia. "Réponse optique de nano-objets uniques d'argent : couplage plasmonique et photo-oxydation." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728160.
Full textGrillet, Nadia. "Réponse optique de nano-objets uniques d’argent : couplage plasmonique et photo-oxydation." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10135/document.
Full textThe optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles are known to be dominated by the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which is highly sensitive to the size of the particles, their shape, their environment, and eventually their chemical composition in the case of mixed systems. In order to study the optical response of a single supported metallic nanoparticle, a high sensitive spectroscopic setup using a white lamp (300-900 nm) has been developed in a transmission measurement configuration. This technique, the Spatial Modulation Spectroscopy, aims to detect the overall extinction of light by a nanoparticle. Moreover, the coupling of this technique with the direct observation of the particles by Transmission Electron Microscopy allows to get an unambiguous description of their optical response in relation with their exact morphology. In this work, the optical response of single silver nano-objects has been correlated with their morphology and their structure at a sub-nanometer scale. Time evolution of the optical response of single silver nanocubes under illumination was first investigated. We observed a “spherization” and a photo-oxidation due to the UV part of the light. Moreover, we studied pairs of cubic silver nanoantennas that showed a huge sensitivity of their optical response with the interparticle distance and their morphology. Indeed, the SPR is red-shifted with decreasing interparticle distance. One can also observe a striking splitting of the resonance for very low interparticle distances. Preliminary DDA calculations seem to show that the radius of curvature at the corners and edges of both cubes plays a key role in the splitting of the resonance
Roulet, Marie-Jeanne. "Réponse à l'oxygène du canal artériel de cobaye in vitro : couplage excitation-contraction : étude pharmacologique." Tours, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOUR4008.
Full textRabemananjara, Liva. "Étude de l'influence de la vitesse de déformation sur la réponse à l'indentation des matériaux polymères." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S075/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the strain rate effects through materials response from indentation test. Polymeric solid material, especially Polycarbonate (PC), Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polyamide Nylon 6.6 -30% glass fiber reinforced (PA 6.6-30% GFR), were selected as study materials due to their high strain rate sensitivity even at room temperature. The first two parts of this work were focused on the study of the thermomechanical behavior of polymer materials. Bibliographical studies of thermoplastic polymer materials, amorphous and semi-crystalline, was established in order to understand their microstructure and deformation mechanism. Moreover, compression tests were performed on study materials with several crosshead speeds values then the results was exploited analytically. The last three parts were focused on mechanical characterization using Instrumented Indentation Test (IIT). Firstly, numerical simulation of a conical indentation test ( =70.3°) with a constant rate displacement ( = 1 µm/s) was established using the identified G’sell behavior parameters and the power-law parameters from compression test. Parameter identification using Inverse Analysis from numerical material shows the non-uniqueness of G’sell parameters which gives the same indentation curve. Thus, theoretical study of conical indentation test was established considering power-law model. A new concept of the representative strain and the representative strain rate, based on solution domain which associate the set of parameters leading to the same indentation curves, was proposed. Very satisfactory results was obtained when identification process using this average representative strain rate is applied to a numerical material define by a power-law model. However, this method could not show its efficiency because the mechanical behavior of the real material is not correctly modeling with a power-law at a wide range of strain and strain rate. Finally, the new concept of the representative strain and the representative strain rate proposed on this work contributes to a new investigation tools to exploit the results form IIT and provide a very interesting perspectives
Said, Hassane Fatouma. "Développement de stratégies de couplage polysaccharides-liposomes en vue de l'élaboration de vaccins synthétiques." Strasbourg 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13266.
Full textHuvelin, Fabien. "Couplage de codes en interaction fluide-structure et applications aux instabilités fluide-élastiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10130/document.
Full textThe PhD deals with coupling between a fluid mechanics and a structure mechanism code in order to simulate the instabilities departure of flow induced vibrations. Firstly, methodology is presented: coupling scheme which allows staggered procedure, mesh deformation in order to aIIow interface tracking and exchange of information for non-matching interface. Secondly, a study on staggered procedure is performed with the case of two moving cylinders in a quiescent fluid. Results are compared to an analytical solution in order to check the coupling scheme behaviour and in order to quantify the energy conservation of the code. Thirdly, the stability of a pipe conveying tluid is performed. Results show the instability departure of the structure for a critical velocity. The uncertainty management is applied on this case in order to study the over threshold probability (instability departure) when an input variable is uncertain. Finally, the coupling is applied to tube bundles. Cases with one and several moving tubes are performed. Cases with quiescent fluid are compared results to analytical and numerical results. Flow simulations show instability departure which differ when one or several moving tubes are used
Duda, Carine. "Compréhension et amélioration des conditions de couplage par enductionà grande vitesse entre filaments SiCcvd et alliage base titane." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12864.
Full textMalaise, Frédéric. "Réponse d'une céramique à l'impact d'un barreau à grande vitesse (1500 m/s). Croisement essais dynamiques-modelisation numérique." Paris, ENSAM, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENAM0024.
Full textGraff, Isabelle. "Mise en évidence d'une anomalie du couplage stimulus/réponse dans les neutrophiles de patients atteints de mucoviscidose." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212918.
Full textDuda, Carine. "Compréhension et amélioration des conditions de couplage par enduction à grande vitesse entre filaments SiCcvd et alliage base titane." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012140.
Full textCes interactions entre le revêtement de carbone des filaments et le titane liquide contrôlent en particulier la cinétique de mouillage du filament et les transferts de carbone du filament vers la matrice.
Des modèles, confirmés par des observations et analyses microscopiques, ont permis de comprendre les mécanismes mis en jeu au cours du procédé d'élaboration et en particulier de la solidifications.
Il est apparu que le dépôt par voie chimique réactive de carbure de titane sur le revêtement de carbone du filament de carbure de silicium était un moyen efficace pour favoriser le mouillage du filament par l'alliage de titane liquide et pour contrôler non seulement les transferts de carbone mais aussi les conditions d'obtention de composites filamentaires correspondant aux spécifications attendues.
Belleudy, Jacques. "Influence du couplage de variations de vitesse et d'incidence sur le décrochage dynamique d'un profil : application au rotor d'hélicoptère." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22048.
Full textLinossier, Marie-Thérèse. "Aptitude au sprint chez l'homme : effet de l'entraînement sur la réponse mécanique et métabolique durant un exercice supramaximal." Saint-Etienne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STET002T.
Full textAmelot, Nicolas. "Couplage entre signalisation calcique et modulation du transcriptome en réponse à la cryptogéine chez des cellules de tabac." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1101/.
Full textPlants use calcium-based signalling to transduce stimuli into adaptative responses. However, little is known about the coupling between calcium signalling, transcriptional regulation and biochemical processes. In this context, my work aimed at studying the calcium-dependent modulation of the phenylpropanoid metabolism in response to cryptogein perception in tobacco cells. The induction of this metabolism led to parietal accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acids. The transcriptional regulation of the implicated genes is non-linearly correlated with components of the calcium signal, suggesting a model of coupling exerting control of transcription through the coordinated action of two calcium decoding modules. Furthermore, a microarray study revealed that 10% of the tobacco transcriptome was modulated by cryptogein perception; the genes identified being good candidates for genetic improvement of plant defenses
Etxegarai, Aldami Etxebarria Maddi. "Etude du couplage hydromécanique dans les roches par analyse d'images obtenues par tomographie neutronique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI010/document.
Full textThe behaviour of subsurface-reservoir porous rocks is a central topic in resource engineering industry and has relevant applications for hydrocarbon and water production or CO2 sequestration. One of the key open issues is the effect of deformations on the hydraulic properties of the host rock, specifically in saturated environments. Deformation in geomaterials is rarely homogeneous because of the complex boundary conditions they undergo as well as for their intrinsic tendency to localise. This non uniformity of the deformation yields a non uniform permeability field, meaning that the traditional macroscopic analysis methods are outside their domain of validity. These methods are in fact based on measurements taken at the boundaries of a tested sample, under the assumption of internal homogeneity. At this stage, our understanding is in need of direct measurements of the local fluid permeability and its relationship with localiseddeformation.This doctoral dissertation focuses on the acquisition of such local data about the hydro mechanical properties of porous geomaterials in full-field, adopting neutron and x-ray tomography, as well as on the development of novel analysis methods. While x-ray imaging has been increasingly used in geo-sciences in the last few decades, the direct detection of fluid has been very limited because of the low air/water contrast within geomaterials. Unlike x-rays, neutrons are very sensitive to the hydrogen in the water because of their interaction with matter (neutrons interact with the atoms’ nuclei rather than with the external electron shell as x-rays do). This greater sensitivity to hydrogen provides a high contrast compared to the rock matrix, in neutron tomography images that facilitates the detection of hydrogen-rich fluids. Furthermore, neutrons are isotope-sensitive, meaning that water (H 2 0) and heavy water (D20), while chemically and hydraulically almost identical, can be easily distinguished in neutron imaging.The use of neutron imaging to investigate the hydromechanical properties of rocks is a substantially under-explored experimental area, mostly limited to 2D studies of dry, intact or pre-deformed samples, with little control of the boundary conditions. In thiswork we developed a new servocontrolled triaxial cell to perform multi-fluid flow experiments in saturated porous media, while performing in-situ loading and acquiring 4-dimensional neutron data.Another peculiarity of the project is the use of high-performance neutron imaging facilities (CONRAD-2, in Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, and NeXT-Grenoble, in Institut Laue-Langevin), taking advantage of the world’s highest flux and cutting edge technology to acquire data at an optimal frequency for the study of this processes. The results of multiple experimental campaigns covering a series of initial and boundary conditions of increasing complexity are presented in this work.To quantify the local hydro-mechanical coupling, we applied a number of standard postprocessing procedures (reconstruction, denoising, Digital Volume Correlation) but also developed an array of bespoke methods, for example to track the water front andcalculate the 3D speed maps.The experimental campaigns performed show that the speed of the water front driven by imbibition in a dry sample is increased within a compactant shear band, while the pressure driven flow speed is decreased in saturated samples, regardless of the volumetric response of the shear band (compactant/dilatant). The 3D nature of the data and analyses has revealed essential in the characterization of the complex mechanical behaviour of the samples and the resultant flow speed.The experimental results obtained contribute to the understanding of flow in porous materials, ensure the suitability of the analysis and set an experimental method for further in-situ hydromechanical campaigns
Gras, Thibaut. "Couplage de méthodes d'éléments finis standards (FEM) et ondulatoires (WFEM) pour le calcul de la réponse vibratoire d'une voie ferrée." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2372/document.
Full textRailway noise is a critical issue concerning environmental noise. At the wheel/rail contact point, both the wheel and the track are dynamically excited and vibrate together to emit the well known rolling noise. The point receptance of the rail and the track decay rates are important quantities to accurately predict wheel-rail noise emission. However, the infinite dimension of the track leads to cumbersome numerical finite-element (FE) models and not adapted to assist the research of innovative solutions. The goals of this thesis are to build an efficient numerical model for calculating the vibration from an infinite railway track, but also to include a central non-periodic part with the aim of testing anti-vibration solutions. The vibration propagation along the track is expressed as a sum of different waves using the WFEM (Wave Finite Element Method). The displacements of a 0.6 m unit cell lead to the computation of the whole track. To reduce the dynamic condensation of this cell, a bi-periodic method is proposed in this thesis. The FEM - WFEM coupling is proposed to easily include elastic supports inside the unit cell. Results show a good correlation between test and calculation. Finally, the model proposed in this thesis was used to test the efficiency of an innovative anti-vibration solution developed within the CERVIFER project. It is a dual mode device which makes the supports softer around the wheel to protect the infrastructure, and stiffer away from the wheel to increase the track decay rates. The numerical results revealed to be really promising, and they will permit to pursue the development of this anti-vibration solution
Vermorel, Olivier. "Étude numérique et modélisation de la modulation de la turbulence dans un écoulement de nappe chargée en particules." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000004/.
Full textDe, Luca Patrick. "Modélisation numérique en élastoplasticité dynamique : un schéma adapté à la formulation vitesse-pression : une technique de couplage de codes lagrangien et eulérien." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR10553.
Full textFusero, Yann. "Etude théorique et expérimentale de dispositifs à ondes de surface à haute vitesse et fort couplage : application aux filtres télécom haute fréquence." Besançon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BESA2051.
Full textPetit, Pierre. "Récepteurs purinergiques de la cellule B insulino-sécrétrice : recherche des mécanismes de couplage entre l'activation des récepteurs et la réponse fonctionnelle." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11077.
Full textCrécy, Florence de. "Modélisation efficace du pompage d'un compresseur haute pression à l'aide d'un couplage 1D/3D : application au calcul de la réponse forcée des aubages." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDL0021.
Full textThis work is a result of collaboration between Snecma and the LMFA. The purpose of this work is to develop a model able to simulate surge occurrence and development in compressors. This model must provide an unsteady 3D aerodynamic field inside the compressor and must have reasonable computation costs. With this 3D field, it will be possible to compute a vibratory response of blades during surge cycle. Surge is influenced by all the system around the compressor due to pressure losses in the system. With the methodology developed in this study, the whole system may be computed (test bench or engine). For that, flow in the compressor is computed in 3D, while the rest of system is computed with 1D model. A 1D/3D coupling strategy has been set up and validated on an academic test case. Coupling method is then applied for surge modeling of an axial compressor. The turbomachiny case is based on CREATE test bench, installed at LMFA. This bench contains a high speed, compressor of 3.5 stages. In a first step, method is applied only to the last stage of CREATE. A global and local analysis focuses on the deep surge obtained on this one stage compressor. Surge cycle is driven by downstream plenum aerodynamic. Pressure and mass flow oscillation with a frequency ten times higher than surge frequency is due to upstream plenum. Local analysis shows that surge occurence is due to progression of tip clearance flow toward rotor leading edges. With the help of static pressure field on blades during surge, structural computations are done on rotor and stator. A significant vibratory response is obtained after mass flow drop only if the first vibratory mode has a frequency low enough. In a second step, 1D/3D coupling is applied to surge modeling of 3.5 stages of compressor CREATE. Surge cycle obtained is compared to experimental data and to another computation which model the whole test bench with 3D Navier-Stokes equations. Physics of our surge cycle is coherent with these results but our cycle is faster and deeper
Mohammadkhani, Shali Soheil. "Contribution à l'étude de la redondance dans les ponts : analyse des mécanismes de défaillance par surfaces de réponse." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENPC0713.
Full textHodin, Julie. "Le couplage nitrate/proton au sein de l’échangeur AtClCa est essentiel à la physiologie de la plante en réponse aux fluctuations environnementales." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS181/document.
Full textNitrate is a major element for plant but its availability is very fluctuant in soils. Then, it is stored in vacuoles thanks to a nitrate/proton exchanger named AtClCa. In ClCs, exchangers but also channels were identified, the latest were suggested to be evolved from exchanger in which a mechanistic switch happened. In Arabidopsis thaliana, only exchangers are involved in nitrate management. Two conserved glutamate, E203 and E270 in AtClCa, are essential for protons transport in ClCs exchangers. The mutation of E203 into an alanine, a non-protonable amino acid (E203A) artificially produces such a mechanistic switch. To better understand the physiological importance of this exchange mechanism, a study was conducted in plants expressing the mutated form of AtClCa for this glutamate. In those plants, the vacuolar storage is highly restricted whereas the assimilation is favoured and the protein content increased. Despite that, the biomass production is decreased mostly because of a hydric homeostasis disruption. Those plants are also more sensitive to hydric and probably nitrogenous stress. The exchanger conservation is then required for plant growth whatever the environmental fluctuations. In parallel, the mutation E270A was introduced in planta to study its physiological importance. A preliminary analysis of plant biomass and nitrate and water contents was then performed in plants expressing the E270A mutated form of AtClCa and the results are presented in the second part of the manuscript
Manchon, Delphine. "Réponse optique de nano-objets uniques anisotropes : de l'or aux métaux de transition." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00993802.
Full textDiguet, Nicolas. "Couplage de l’expression des gènes du cytosquelette et du métabolisme énergétique par le Facteur de Réponse au Sérum (SRF) : implications dans la cardiomyopathie dilatée." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066743.
Full textManchon, Delphine. "Réponse optique de nano-objets uniques anisotropes : de l’or aux métaux de transition." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10172/document.
Full textThe optical response of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) are known to be dominated by the Localized SurfacePlasmon Resonance (LSPR), which is highly sensitive to the size of the NPs, their shape and their environment.This optical response can be studied on single nanoparticles thanks to a highly sensitive setup based on theSpatial Modulation Spectroscopy (SMS) which gives access to their absolute extinction cross-section on a widespectral range (300–900 nm). Moreover, the morphology of the same objects studied in optics is characterized bya direct observation in Transmission or Scanning Electron Microscopy (TEM or SEM).In this work, a new setup allowing the measurement of both the extinction and the scattering of a single nanoobjecthas been developed. This technique allows a quantitative measurement of the scattering cross-sectionprovided the angular distribution of the scattered light by the NP is known.The second part is related to experimental and theoretical optical studies and morphological observationsthrough TEM and SEM of exotic nano-objects. First, a systematic study performed on a large number of goldbipyramids, chemically elaborated, has shown that the LSPR located in the red is highly sensitive to theirmorphology and to the environment. Thus, these objects can likely be used as biological sensors. In addition,emergence of a resonance induced by plasmon coupling has been evidenced on lithographed nano-antennasbased on transition metal (Pd, Pt, Cr) for which no LSPR is usually expected. This opens up prospects for novelapplications by extending the field of plasmonics to metals of various chemical properties (photocatalysis,magneto-optics)
Berthelot, Marie. "Couplage entre le système climatique et le cycle du carbone terrestre : étude de la réponse biogéochimique et biogéographique de la biosphère au changement climatique futur." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066374.
Full textBenembarek, Abdeljalil. "Réponse dynamique d'une fondation à geometrie arbitraire dans un milieu semi-infini et contrôle actif des structures avec prise en compte du couplage sol-structure." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1993. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1534_abenembarek.pdf.
Full textIt is now a reality that in the vasteness of the civil engineering discipline, the engenier has to contend with a multiplicity of constraints. This generally relates to economics, confortability, reliability and security. Although these setbacks seem simple to enumerate, their strict application and a quick glance at the availible literature is enough to give a good idea of the complexity of the problem. To arrive at satisfactory solutions a colossal effort has been made by researchers on the field even though sometimes to the detriment of simplicity. A good number of concepts have been proposed amongst which the theorie of active control is now gaining much ground as an efficient control tool. It is thus interesting for adoption and adding a new constraint (soil-structure coupling) becomes important. Three studies would thus be undertaken to better identify the relevant problems called into play:1-structural active control to highlight its efficiency,2-the dynamic response of a foundation in a semi infinite medium (soil). Two new methods shall be proposed and validated. 3-active control taking into account soil-structure couplings. The realisation of these three studies necessitated the elaboration and validation of a calculation code based on the three dimensional finite element method, integrating the concept of sub-structuration
Nodet, Gabrielle. "Interactions faibles entre oligosaccharides par résonance magnétique nucléaire et prédiction de paramètres dynamiques à partir de la structure des protéines." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066164.
Full textDelalondre, Fabien. "Modélisation et étude 3D des phénomènes adiabatiques dans les procédés de mise en forme à grande vitesse." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00408755/en/.
Full textEl, Amrani Laila. "Réponse au stress et comportements routiers à risque sous l’effet de l’alcool chez de jeunes conducteurs." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5952.
Full textSalavati, Bahar. "Impact de l’urbanisation sur la réponse hydrologique des bassins versants urbains." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066470/document.
Full textUrbanization and population concentration are suspected of having multiple impacts on the catchment’s hydrologic response. It is difficult to synthetize the results from the numerous case studies related to the impact of urbanization on catchment’s hydrologic response. The main objective of this study is to compare the flow changes detected by urbanization. The change flow quantification is impacted simultaneously by climate variability and urbanization, which makes it difficult to distinguish the causal effects of change. To cope with this climate confusing effect and determination a useful measure of urbanization for catchment hydrological response several approach have been tested: 1) We are looking for changes in the hydrological signal time-series in urbanizing catchments and then identifying repeatedly model parameters on successive time periods. The conceptual modelling (top-down) approach was used to calibrate model on the urbanized catchments and simulated the non-urban condition. 2) In addition to traditional urban measures (total impervious area) the urban area were characterized by landscape metrics, which enable analyzing the patterns of historical urban growth. 3) We combine a hydrological model, catchments characteristics and landscape metrics to quantify the explaining variables for the hydrologic response change. 4) We were used the hydrological model to evaluate the catchment behavior over time. Results confirmed that the hydrological model is useful to quantify the impact of land use change. The results show the good agreement between conceptual modelling approaches and the paired catchments approaches change detections.The impact of urbanization on the catchment hydrological response remains difficult to generalize. The most of catchment show the no significant trend on hydrological response over the study. However, results confirmed that the urban fragmentation and landscape metrics provide additional elements compared to the total impervious study
RANC, Nicolas. "Etude des champs de température et de déformation dans les matériaux métalliques sollicités à grande vitesse de déformation." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010301.
Full textAmri, Mohamed. "Étude expérimentale et théorique de l’effet de la vitesse de coupe sur la forabilité des roches sous pression de boue." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM095.
Full textThe optimization of the drilling practice requires a better understanding of drillstring harmful vibrations such as stick-slip. This form of torsional vibrations is a typical problem of PDC (Polycristalline Diamond Compact) drillbits. It can reduce the rate of penetration drastically and can raise fatigue of the drilling devices. Many attempts were carried out in the last years in order to determine the causes of stick-slip phenomenon. Field observations show that torque on bit decreases as a function of bit velocity during stick-slip oscillations. Hence, it is widely believed that this decreasing relationship is the root cause of stick-slip.The purpose of this work is to examine cutting speed influence on rock drillability as a function of operating conditions and hydromechanical properties of the drilled formation. For this, a set of drilling tests was performed in three sedimentary rocks of different permeability using a full scale PDC drillbit and a single PDC cutter. In the first step, dry tests were carried out at atmospheric pressure. As previously observed in literature, single-cutter tests showed that drilling forces increase with cutting velocity. In a second step, we performed the same experiments at 20 MPa bottom-hole pressure. It appears that rate effect on cutting forces in the medium and low-permeability rocks is relatively low. By contrast, rate effect in the highly permeable rock increases by one order of magnitude in comparison with dry experiments.In order to understand this phenomenon, a steady state solution of the cutting model is derived in the framework of the theory of poroelastoplasticity. The problem is firstly solved analytically using some assumptions derived from previous works. Then, a numerical resolution based on finite element method is presented to solve the fully coupled problem ensuring the satisfaction of poro-material physics basic equations. Using these two different approaches, we show that pore pressure in shear-dilatant rocks decreases as a function of cutting velocity depending on rock permeability and interstitial fluid properties. This change has a hardening effect resulting in an increase of rock drilling resistance. Comparison between theory and experience shows good agreements
Tran, Thanh Son. "Couplage de la méthode des éléments finis avec la méthode PEEC : application à la modélisation de dispositifs électromagnétiques comprenant de systèmes de conducteurs complexes." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331539.
Full textMartin, Alexandre. "Calcul de la réponse à la déformation et au champ électrique dans le formalisme "Projector Augmented-Wave". Application au calcul de vitesse du son de matériaux d'intérêt géophysique." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1034/document.
Full textThe internal composition of our planet is a large topic of study and involves many scientific disciplines. The extreme conditions of pressure and temperature prevailing inside the core (consisting primarily of iron and nickel) and the mantle (consisting mainly of perovskites) make the determination of the exact compositions very difficult. This thesis contributes to recent studies whose aim is to determine more accurately the chemistry of these minerals. Its purpose is the development of a tool for the calculation of seismic wave velocities within methods based on ab-initio simulations. These velocities are calculated from the full elastic tensor, including the atomic relaxation and induced changes in the crystal field. We use the approach of the density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) to eliminate numerical uncertainties induced by conventional methods based on finite differences. We combine this approach with the « Projector Augmented-Wave » (PAW) formalism that takes into account all the electrons of the system with a low computational cost. We apply the method on core and mantle materials and we determine the effects of various lights elements (Si, S, C, O and H) on the seismic wave velocities of pure iron, as well as the effect of aluminum in the perovskite MgSiO3
Doli, Valentin. "Phénomènes de propagation de champignons parasites de plantes par couplage de diffusion spatiale et de reproduction sexuée." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S139/document.
Full textWe consider organisms that mix sexual and asexual reproduction, in a situation where sexual reproduction involves both spatial dispersion and mate finding limitation. We propose a model that involves two coupled equations, the first one being an ordinary differential equation of logistic type, the second one being a reaction diffusion equation. According to realistic values of the various coefficients, the second equation turns out to involve a fast time scale, while the first one involves a separated slow time scale. First we show existence and uniqueness of solutions to the original system. Second, in the limit where the fast time scale is considered infinitely fast, we show the convergence towards a reduced quasi steady state dynamics, whose correctors can be computed at any order. Third, using monotonicity properties of our cooperative system, we show the existence of traveling wave solutions in a particular region of the parameter space (monostable case)
Lu, Jun. "Développement de modèles prédictifs décrivant le couplage chimie-transport dans les sédiments naturels." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2287/document.
Full textManagement of soils or sediments contaminated by metals requires to predict the migration of metallic cations, whose mobility depends both on the transport properties of the medium and chemical reactivity of the system (principally sorption/desorption reactions). To study the sorption of metallic cations (major and trace) in dynamic condition, transport experiments using columns have been carried out with a soil poor in carbonated minerals and organic matter. Considering that the reactivity of this soil was mainly due to swelling clay minerals, a sorption model based on the sorption properties of the Wyoming montmorillonite and built according to a multi-site ion exchanger theory has been integrated into a 1D transport code. The predictions given by this model were then compared with the breakthrough curves measured in this study and those reported in the literature. The study of the reactive transport of major cations highlighted the significant role of protons (even at near neutral pH), and validated the model for major cations (Na and Ca). However, the study concerning Zn (II) showed a discrepancy between the results obtained from batch experiments and those issued from column experiments, which could be attributed to the contribution of another sorbent phase (illite). Finally, the proposed sorption model allowed reproducing with a good confidence experimental data reported from literature for sorption of Zn (II) in dynamic conditions
Guignard, Brice. "Perception et action en natation : effets de l'environnement aquatique et de la vitesse de mouvement sur la dynamique des coordinations." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR040/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to investigate the coordination dynamics of expert swimmers as a function of both task (swimming speed) and environmental (fluid flow) constraints manipulation. The intra - and inter-segmental coordination (arms vs. arms and arms vs. legs) are assessed by inertial measurement units positioned on expert swimmers swimming two separated scanning tasks in a flume and in a pool. We investigate the effect of aquatic flow by comparing the upper limb coordination when the swimmers swim at a similar speed in pool and flume, then, the upper limb coordination dynamics during a scanning procedure where speed is increased through eight steps. Finally, the arms vs. legs coordination dynamics and the right/left asymmetry were analyzed.Our findings demonstrate that flume is channeling the emergence of functional expert swimmers’ movement patterns, in particular the decrease of glide phase duration related to the moving body of water. The increase of speed reveals larger implications of the lower limbs in the propulsion. Flume swimming leads to lower coupling strength between oscillators and higher asymmetries in the flume. Our findings thus demonstrated that experts are able to adapt their coordination patterns at different levels (intra-segmental of the upper limbs / inter-limb i.e., arms vs. legs) and by transiting between different patterns according to the constraints encountered. Thus swimmers exhibit both periods of behavioral stability and periods of adaptive flexibility, showing their ability to achieve the task-goal by functional interaction with the aquatic environment
Raphaël, Olivier. "Contribution à la microscopie thermique à sonde locale en mode alternatif : Caractérisation de la réponse et de l’interaction sonde échantillon." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000844.pdf.
Full textScanning Thermal Microscope allows the study of the temperature fields and of the thermals properties of materials at micrometric and nanometric scales. The instruments performances depend primarily on the thermal probe type used. Our microscope uses a thermo-resistive probe manufactured with a Wollaston wire of 75 µm diameter containing a platinum-rhodium core (90% - 10%) of 5 µm diameter. Traditionally this probe is supplied by a continuous electric current. This thesis is about the implementation of the operating process with alternative current. An electronic device is especially developed for this operating process which allows a precise modelling of measurement. Two distinct modellings are presented: the first one is one-dimensional (analytical approach), the second one is three-dimensional (finite element method). These modellings provide the characterization of the thermophysical and geometrical properties of the probe as well as the study of interaction between the probe and various surrounding mediums. The experimental and theoretical studies of the probe response according to the tip-sample distance reveal a phenomenon of thermal diffusion wave interferences. The study of the probe response, in contact, leads to the estimation of a high sensitivity range to the thermal conductivity’s sample and the estimation of the contact thermal resistance. Finally the study of the material with an inclusion shows the alternative mode appropriateness with the characterization of the thin films
Botcazou, Maïtel. "Influence du genre et de la maturation sur la réponse sympato-adrénergique de l'adolescent à l'exercice et à l'entraînement de sprint." Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20009.
Full textIt is well known that catecholamine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) plays a major role in the mobilisation and utilisation of energetic substrates during sprint exercise. Many factors, as gender, training and age are able to modify catecholamine responses to exercise. However, the effects of these factors on catecholamine responses to sprint exercise should be examined. Our objective was to verify the influence of gender, advance in age and sprint training on sympatho-adrenergic responses in adolescents. Our results demonstrate that : 1 gender can alter sympatho-adrenergic responses to exercise in adult only but the menstrual cycle phase don't modify this response in women, 2 the advance in age influence catecholamine responses to exercise, differently according to sex, 3 sprint training may enhance catecholamine responses to sprint exercise in adolescent girls only. These data suggest that advance in age and sprint training can influence sympatho-adrenergic responses to sprint exercise in adolescents
Bodo, Michèle. "Étude de la réponse biomécanique du thorax soumis à des sollicitations dynamiques dans un contexte civil et militaire par la méthode des éléments finis." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCA014/document.
Full textThe study of human tolerance thresholds to impacts requires experiments on living or post mortem human subjects, which naturally raises ethical questions. To overcome these limitations, the development of numerical tools has led over the last few years to the implementation of numerical models more or less capable to accurately reproduce the mechanical behavior of the human body when subjected to various types of stresses. It is in this context that the numerical model HUByx (Hermaphrodite Biomechanics yx-model) has been developed within the research department COMM of the ICB lab at UTBM. This PhD work aims at validating and improving the biofidelity of the thoracic part of the HUByx model and also aims to understand the mechanisms of lesions and to seek criteria for the thoracic injury prediction through the numerical reconstruction of violent loadings in civil and military contexts. Numerical simulations were carried out in the framework of human free falls studies, non-penetrating ballistic impacts of non-lethal projectiles and finally in the context of explosion phenomenon. Good correlations were obtained between the numerical and experimental results, thus contributing to reinforce the capacity of the HUByx model to respond in a biofidelic manner to the different stresses to which it is subjected. Keywords : Impact biomechanics, finite elements, thoracic injuries, viscous criterion, accident reconstruction, free falls, ballistics, explosion
Rabier, François. "Modélisation par la méthode des plans d'expériences du comportement dynamique d'un module IGBT utilisé en traction ferroviaire." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7104/1/rabier.pdf.
Full textCourtois, Cécile. "Analyse des réactions de couplage entre le monoxyde d’azote (NO) et le second messager Ca2+ dans les étapes précoces de la réponse aux stress biotiques et abiotiques chez le tabac." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS072.
Full textLiu, Ping Yi. "Réponse optique de InSb dans des conditions extrêmes de champ magnétique (B = 20T) et de température (T [égal ou inférieur à] 700 K)." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10165.
Full textMédard, François-Régis. "Conception et spectroscopie de microcavités à base de ZnO en régime de couplage fort pour l'obtention d'un laser à polaritons." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557136.
Full textSarthou, Arthur. "Méthodes de domaines fictifs d'ordre élevé pour les équations elliptiques et de Navier-Stokes. Application au couplage fluide-structure." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460206.
Full textBellec, Morgane. "Études du couplage entre turbulence et gradient de température pour l'intensification des transferts de chaleur dans les récepteurs solaires à haute température." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0005/document.
Full textA promising line of research to increase the efficiency of solar tower power plants consists in heating pressurized air to high temperatures in order to fuel a Brayton thermodynamic cycle. This requires to design effective solar receivers that allow for intense heat transfers toward the fluid. To develop such receivers, an in-depth understanding of their internal flows is needed. These are complex flows, combining strong turbulence and strong temperature gradient between the concentrated sun irradiated wall and the back insulated wall.The aim of this work is to investigate numerically and experimentally such flows.On one hand, velocities are measured by SPIV (Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry) in a turbulent channel flow wind tunnel whom measurement cell is similar to a surface solar receiver. The influence of an asymmetric heating on the turbulence statistics are especially investigated. These measurements are supplemented by Large Eddy Simulations run under the same conditions as the wind tunnel. Finally, a Large Eddy Simulation is run in a channel flow textured on one wall by an innovative geometry. This internal receiver design combines vortex generators and riblets in order to enhance the heat transfers