Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reports on Black money'

This study focused on how African American couples in happy marriages talked about finances in their couple relationships. Qualitative methodology was used for this study, and the data came from transcribed interviews with participants. Thirty-seven couples who identified their marriages as being strong, happy, or highly satisfying, volunteered to be interviewed for this study. All individual participants (74 total) talked about finances in their marriages, and all interviews were used for the purpose of this study. Their descriptions were coded and analyzed to explore the way that they talked about money issues in their marriages. The research questions focused on how couples talked about financial stress and how they talked about financial decisions in their relationships. An unanticipated finding was how they talked about transcending finances in their marriages. The findings can contribute to future research and financial education for African American couples.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:20:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NAGI HANNA SALM COSTA.pdf: 558747 bytes, checksum: 6d7cb5e85a8d8cff426e3b5aed8d24b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-23<br>The present study was composed of five experiments that aimed to investigate control exerted by loss of points and/or money. Each experiment had 15 university students as participants. Four experimental phases were created, three of which involved different probabilities of loss of points/money and one which did not involve losses. Experiment 1 had the objective of verifying whether points exchangeable for money, at the end of a task, would work as aversive stimuli in the present design. The results demonstrated that participants preferred phases which involved loss of points over the phase where there was no such loss. Experiment 2 had the objective of verifying whether the loss of points that were not exchangeable for money would work as aversive stimuli in the present design. Once again there was a preference for phases that involved point loss. It seems there was no difference between the loss of exchangeable or of non exchangeable points. Experiment 3 had the objective of verifying whether the presence of a cumulative counter of money, visible to participants, and exchanging points for money would increase the number of choices regarding the phase that did not involve loss. The 2nd Test showed an increase of choices towards the phase that did not involve losses. Experiment 4 had the objective of verifying whether the presence of verbal reports would change participants answers after the 2nd Test. Soliciting the report contributed in enabling participants contact with the contingencies, but this occurred only in the 3rd Test. Experiment 5 had the objective of verifying whether changes in instructions before the tests would affect responses. There was an 88.66% preference for the phase that did not involve losses in the 1st Test. Point/money loss has been shown to be effective as an aversive stimulus, especially when a cumulative counter is used, when verbal reports are solicited and when there is a new instruction before the tests.<br>O presente estudo foi composto de cinco experimentos que visaram investigar o controle exercido pela perda de pontos e/ou dinheiro. Cada um deles contou com 15 participantes universitários. Foram criadas quatro fases experimentais, três delas envolviam diferentes probabilidades de perda de pontos/dinheiro e uma não envolvia perdas. O Experimento 1 teve como objetivo verificar se pontos trocáveis por dinheiro, ao final da tarefa, funcionariam como estímulo aversivo, no presente delineamento. Verificou-se que os participantes preferiram as fases que envolviam perdas de pontos ao invés da fase que não envolvia perda. O Experimento 2 teve como objetivo verificar se a perda de pontos não trocáveis por dinheiro funcionaria como estímulo aversivo, no presente delineamento. Observou-se, novamente, preferência pelas fases que envolviam perda de pontos. Parece que não houve diferença entre a perda de pontos trocados por dinheiro e a perda de pontos por si só. O Experimento 3 teve como objetivo verificar se com a presença de um contador acumulado de centavos, visível aos participantes, e a troca da palavra pontos pelas palavras dinheiro e centavos , haveria um aumento no número de escolhas da fase que não envolvia perdas. Verificou-se um aumento de escolhas da fase que não envolvia perdas no 2º Teste. O Experimento 4 teve como objetivo verificar se a presença de relatos mudaria o responder dos participantes a partir do 2º Teste. A solicitação de relato contribuiu para colocar os participantes em contato com as contingências, mas isso ocorreu somente no 3º Teste. O Experimento 5 teve como objetivo verificar se com a mudança da instrução antes dos testes haveria mudança no responder. Verificou-se uma preferência de 86,66% pela fase que não envolvia perdas, já no 1º Teste. Perda de pontos/dinheiro mostrou-se eficaz como estímulo aversivo, em especial, com o uso de contador acumulado de pontos, solicitação de relato e com uso de uma nova instrução antes dos testes.

There is a rich body of literature examining multiple aspects of money in the social sciences yet the role of money in organising and shaping family interactions in the South African context appears limited. The aims of this research were to explore money and its link to conflict in the family and develop an understanding of how money is organised in and influenced by culture and gender in rural Black families in South Africa. Ten women undergraduate students were selected, using nonprobability snowball sampling, to participate in individual semi-structured interviews. Detailed biographical information was collected alongside responses to ten open ended money related questions. Interviews were transcribed and thematic content analysis was used to identify and analyse themes in the data both within and across the ten interviews. The research was dominated by five key findings the most significant being a relative lack of conflict between the interviewees’ family members in general and specifically with regard to money. This was influenced by the shared hierarchy of priorities within the family that informs and directs the allocation of resources. The authority of parents related to a particular set of social and cultural norms determined familial interaction influencing the limited expression of conflict. The presence and significance of reciprocity in the interviewees’ families was widely accepted within an extended family structure and exhibited no striking generational differences in adherence to the generalised norm of reciprocity. The interviewees’ families also displayed a marked lack of gendered difference in the allocation of resources among family members. The study while achieving its goal of providing some understanding of how money works in a particular group of rural Black families highlights the need for further exploration of money and conflict in the family in the South African context.

The aim of this thesis was to explore the experiences of black, married, working, South African women in relation to financial decision-making processes within private households from a working-woman’s perspective. The focus was on married women in middle and senior management positions in their workplaces. Following a literature review to accumulate empirical evidence from similar studies in the areas of Economics, Sociology, Psychology, Feminism and Economic Psychology, eight, individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with black South African women in managerial positions to establish the women’s understanding of the meaning of money, concepts and practices of sharing of monetary resources between husband and wife in the household, the allocation of money as a resource in the household, control of money between husband and wife in the household, and decision-making processes between husband and wives. The key findings of the study were: · The diverse construction of the meaning of money. Women’s views on money had an impact on how they viewed their roles in household financial management and decision-making. · The absence of equal sharing of money and the existence of breadwinning/caregiver ideologies. Three patterns of money management were identified. Joint pooling, where equality of sharing, control and decision-making was greatest, was associated with higher income levels and availability of personal spending money. The female whole wage system, with minimal control and joint decision-making, was associated only with women with high-level income and minimal personal spending money. The independent managed system was associated with completely separate money management, unequal sharing of money, increased power, inequality in decision-making, and increased personal spending money by the breadwinner. · The pattern of financial allocation adopted had an influence on control and decision-making in the household. In all the systems of financial allocation adopted, women indicated that their partners had a final say in the financial decision-making processes. The study highlights some policy implications of inequality in financial decision-making. Due to the fact that household based analysis assumes that financial decision-making is shared equally in the households, women and children will most of the time lose out when this is not the case. It was therefore recommended that a deeper understanding of household decision-making may help the policy makers and researchers alike to focus on women in a more effective way, for example, by designing empowering programmes that will assist women to be involved in the financial planning and decision making in their households.<br>Dissertation (MA (Research Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2005.<br>Psychology<br>unrestricted

碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>國家政策與公共事務研究所<br>102<br>Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the founding father of the republic of China said once, “the government is everybody’s business.” An uncorrupted and efficient government is what the public expected. However, after the KMT government retreated to Taiwan, “black money interfere with public-funded construction” began to emerge due to the local factions, it is thus fair to state that “black money” is the product of politics. The combination between black money and local factions holds control of the gold veins of local factions; various lawless acts include “intervening public constructions”, “illegal sandstone quarrying and illegally digging of earthwork”, “industrial waste treatment”, “expropriation, transaction and speculation of lands”, “speculations of stocks”, In this thesis, relationships between the causes of local factions and intervene of black money politics, the interactions between local factions, gansters and interest groups, and the impact on the nomination , such phenomena above are explored. Through investigating and prosecuting such cases, history of how public constructions intervened by collusion between black money politicians and local factions is learned, and how it affects the government executing and/or benefiting from public constructions in present days can be examined.Secondary Qualitative Study and case studies were demonstrated in this thesis in order to look at the insight of the formation of patron-client relations in black money politics, how it functions and the various means to affect nominating candidates in an election, and through “dualism theory “ the interests distribution is realized. Interviewees’ experiences and resolutions to black money politics’ influences on public constructions are studied, and an attempt to reflect the existence of “magic island theory “and the constructive suggestions on how to prevent from such collusions is demonstrated through in depth interviews and comparative analysis of this research on such issues. The impact on black money politics intervening public constructions is deep and wide, bid rigging holding back lawful businessmen leading to jerry-built construction quality in particular. Distributed billings of smaller scale construction works became the reward services of black money groups and administrative organizations, not only corrupts the government image, but also threatens the quality of public constructions due to insufficient professional experiences of imposed contractors. This thesis discovers and raises concrete and feasible suggestions in lawful, political and social perspectives, hoping with the restricting power of authority and mobilizing all kinds of civil powers, that the black money politics be uprooted, black money crimes be fought, and the quality of public constructions be promoted.

One of the biggest revolutions we are witnessing is in the field of financial transactions, where efforts are being made to bring payments to a completely electronic way. There are many benefits expected from this step, but few are the evidence reported, especially as regards the repercussions on Money Laundering and Economic Growth. In this work, I want to investigate a relationship between the increase in electronic money at the expense of paper money with the trend of money laundering with subsequent overall analysis in economic growth. To compensate for the limited amount of data that can be obtained for a different number of countries, and analysis composed of several different analyzes will be carried out, examining the effects of electronic money on some of the components of money laundering. This ensures the validity of the analysis. It will be seen that the results found will confirm some previous assumptions but will open the way to new issues since if in some ways electronic money is at a disadvantage of money laundering, in other ways, there are new opportunities that open up also for potential criminals.<br>Uma das maiores mudanças que se verifica nos nossos dias é na área das transações financeiras, onde estão a ser feitos esforços para que os pagamentos em dinheiro sejam substituídos completamente por pagamentos através de meios eletrónicos. Há muitos benefícios esperados para essa etapa, mas poucas são as evidências relatadas, principalmente no que diz respeito às repercussões sobre a lavagem de dinheiro e o crescimento económico. Neste trabalho, tem-se como objetivo investigar a relação entre o aumento do dinheiro eletrónico em detrimento da moeda fiduciária e a tendência de lavagem de dinheiro com uma análise geral subsequente do crescimento económico. Para compensar a quantidade limitada de dados que podem ser obtidos para um número diferente de países, será realizada uma análise composta por várias análises diferentes, examinando os efeitos da moeda eletrónica em alguns dos componentes da lavagem de dinheiro, garantindo, assim, a validade da análise. Os resultados obtidos confirmam algumas premissas anteriores, mas abrem caminho para novas questões, pois, se de alguma maneira, o dinheiro eletrónico está em desvantagem na lavagem de dinheiro, de outra forma, há novas oportunidades que também se abrem para potenciais criminosos.<br>Mestrado em Economia

A research report submitted In partial fulfillment of the degree Master of Commerce in Accounting University of the Witwatersrand School of Accountancy 2016<br>This research takes a snap-shot look at Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment disclosures in the integrated reports of South African mining companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. A Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment disclosure checklist, based on relevant literature, was developed by the researcher in order to analyse the basic or inherent features, characteristics or qualities - and the extent of the disclosures in the 2014/2015 integrated reports. The results reveal that listed mining companies include an adequate coverage of Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment-related disclosures in their integrated reports. The sufficient frequency of the disclosures is clouded by a lack of integration between the relevant themes. The reports also noted a considerable amount of repetition of the themes and a scarcity of disclosures linking the risks of mining operations to Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment.<br>MT 2018

DPhil, School of Social Sciences, Dept of Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011<br>This thesis investigates a number of economic and financial practices, processes, relationships, actors and institutions prevalent in the residential areas that form part of Johannesburg that is known as Soweto, all of which have in common the exchange, hoarding, spending and risking of cash money. It describes actual flows of monies between actors and through popular economic institutions which are embedded in social relations of friendship and kinship, neighbourhood life and socially constructed identities. Building on the anthropological literature that seeks to show how money flows carry meaning as well as having function, it inquires into the meanings such flows of money - between popular institutions and social groups and across social classes - have for a range of differently situated participants in the popular economies. It explores the ways in which institutions and practices within the popular economies are deployed by actors and groups so as to direct flows of monies into certain social networks and relationships while redirecting it away from others, highlighting the agency of actors and groups in relation to their position in the local and larger political economy. Employing elements of practice theory, as well as perspectives from both political economy and cultural economy approaches to everyday life, the thesis offers arguments about power, identity, agency and state sovereignty in the context of the history of Black Johannesburg under apartheid and makes a contribution to our understanding of the material and symbolic structures of everyday life in contemporary Soweto and Johannesburg.

碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>環境教育研究所<br>93<br>Abstract The use of the mass media as sources of information on the environmental issues is acknowledged as a growing trend. Moreover, the mass media, like textbooks, occupies a niche and is a way through which information on environmental facts and phenomena are provided. Thus, the purpose of this research was to study the coverage of environmental news and to discuss its function in environmental education. This study analyzed the media coverage of Taiwan’s newspapers on “The mass die-off of black-faced spoonbills in Tainan County” from December 2002 to February 2003. The environmental stories being analyzed were reported on three main newspapers in Taiwan: China Times, The Liberty Times and United Daily News. Content analysis was employed as the methodology. Two categories were included in this study, i.e., “What was said” and “How it was said”. Two attributes, “statement” and “environmental education”, were examined for “What was said”; whereas several subjects were used to identify “How it was said”. The total number of news coverage is 96 with a total area as 23,182 cm2, China Times has the most number of the news coverage as 59. For “What was said” category, “routines news” was the most cited attribute. The most frequently shown subject of the news coverage was “about the reasons of the mass die-off of black-faced spoonbills”. It was also found in this study that the total exposure times of the items belonging to the attribute of environmental education was 998, where those for “Awareness”, “Knowledge”, “Attitude”, “Skill”, and “Participation” were 317, 360, 137, 181, and 3, respectively.

O racismo estrutural enraizado na sociedade brasileira desde o período colonial, acrescido ao patriarcado, oprime a mulher negra duplamente: por seu gênero e sua raça. Neste trabalho, fizemos uma contextualização do processo de miscigenação no Brasil, do enegrecimento do feminismo brasileiro, da relação entre gênero, tecnologia e comunicação e do afroempreendedorismo como alternativa social e econômica. O objetivo foi verificar se as publicações do Movimento Black Money (MBM) no Instagram têm caráter político e se fomentam o desenvolvimento da mulher negra, através da sua vertente educacional, voltada para a alfabetização tecnológica. E, por último, se utiliza a imagem da mulher negra de sucesso para incentivar outras mulheres. No estudo empírico, de abordagem metodológica mista (quantitativa e qualitativa), a técnica utilizada para realização das inferências foi análise de conteúdo, com base na obra de Bardin (1977). Os dados foram plotados em uma grelha no Excel, onde foram codificados por categorias e variáveis que nos permitiram validar o MBM como uma iniciativa ativista negra de resistência contra o racismo e outros sistemas opressores. Porém, não foi possível realizar validações quanto às iniciativas que buscam desenvolver educacionalmente e tecnologicamente mulheres negras.<br>Structural racism rooted in Brazilian society since the colonial period, added to patriarchy, oppresses black women doubly: by their gender and their race. In this work, we contextualized the process of miscegenation in Brazil, the blackening of Brazilian feminism, the relationship between gender, technology and communication, and Afro-entrepreneurship as a social and economic alternative. The objective was to verify if the Black Money Movement (MBM) publications on Instagram have a political character and if they encourage the development of black women, through their educational aspect, focused on technological literacy. And, finally, the image of the successful black woman is used to encourage other women. In the empirical study, with a mixed methodological approach (quantitative and qualitative), the technique used to carry out the inferences was content analysis, based on the work of Bardin (1977). The data were plotted on an Excel grid, where they were coded by categories and variables that allowed us to validate the MBM as a black activist resistance initiative against racism and other oppressive systems. However, it was not possible to carry out validations regarding the initiatives that seek to develop black women educationally and technologically.

The focus of this thesis is on Advance Fee Fraud (419 scams) on how it is executed and more importantly, on how it can be prevented. The research addresses the origins of AFF, the nature and extent of this crime and how the perpetrators are able to defraud their victims. The research described, examined and analysed the crimes, the perpetrators, the victims, adjudication and the prevention strategies of this fraud. Information was gathered through literature and empirical research. A qualitative research method was used to gather information from AFF offenders who were incarcerated in South African prisons in 2005. The results of the empirical research were carefully examined, analyzed and integrated into the various chapters of this thesis. A theoretical framework was also developed in an attempt to explain this complex phenomenon. The findings and recommendations in terms of the crimes, the criminals, the victims, adjudication and prevention were also made and some suggestions for further research thereof were also cited.<br>Criminology<br>D. Litt. et Phil. (Criminology)

The research was conducted as a result of the researcher‟s concern that the possibility exists that members of the different law enforcement agencies in South Africa might have a misconception about the mandate and functions of the Financial Intelligence Centre. If such a misconception in fact exists, it poses a huge challenge towards fruitful co-operation among the Centre and the different law enforcement agencies. The researcher identified certain practical problems, namely, that investigators are not aware of the types of intelligence that the Centre could provide them with, and that investigators might not be informed about the specific procedures to follow when they need to request intelligence from the Centre. The research has shown that, in the past, the Centre has been a useful source of crime intelligence concerning a range of predicate offences including narcotics, fraud and tax related crimes. The research has further found that, although the majority of participants gained a lot of experience in law enforcement and investigations, they had limited awareness about the Financial Intelligence Centre and its functions. This research project studied the utilisation of the Financial Intelligence Centre as a crime intelligence source.<br>Police Practice<br>M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)