Journal articles: 'Representation design'

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Porter, William L., and Gabriela Goldschmidt. "Design representation." Automation in Construction 10, no. 6 (August 2001): 659–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-5805(01)00051-6.

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Sarkar, Prabir, and Amaresh Chakrabarti. "The effect of representation of triggers on design outcomes." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 22, no. 2 (2008): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060408000073.

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AbstractCreativity of designers can be enhanced by the application of appropriate triggers. The presence of triggers helps designers to search solution spaces. The searching of a solution space increases the possibility of finding creative solutions. Both representation and content of the triggers or stimulus to which the designers are exposed are believed to play a vital role in the representation and content of the outcome of the designers during problem solving. We studied the effect of representation of triggers on ideas generated by six design engineers while trying to solve a given problem. A variety of representations (video/animation and audio, text, explanation, and others) that are potentially useful to designers for five prespecified triggers were administered to each designer, who generated ideas in response to each trigger–representation combination individually. The effect of representations of these triggers on the content and representation of the solutions generated by the design engineers was studied. The results showed significant influence of the representation of the triggers on the representations, number, and quality of the resulting ideas that were generated.

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YANG, S., M. M. BURNETT, E. DEKOVEN, and M. ZLOOF. "Representation Design Benchmarks: A Design-Time Aid for VPL Navigable Static Representations." Journal of Visual Languages & Computing 8, no. 5-6 (December 1997): 563–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvlc.1997.0047.

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Bryson, Joanna J., and Emmanuel Tanguy. "Simplifying the Design of Human-Like Behaviour." International Journal of Synthetic Emotions 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jse.2010101603.

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Human intelligence requires decades of full-time training before it can be reliably utilized in modern economies. In contrast, AI agents must be made reliable but interesting in relatively short order. Realistic emotion representations are one way to ensure that even relatively simple specifications of agent behavior will be expressed with engaging variation, and those social and temporal contexts can be tracked and responded to appropriately. We describe a representation system for maintaining an interacting set of durative states to replicate emotional control. Our model, the Dynamic Emotion Representation (DER), integrates emotional responses and keeps track of emotion intensities changing over time. The developer can specify an interacting network of emotional states with appropriate onsets, sustains, and decays. The levels of these states can be used as input for action selection, including emotional expression. We present both a general representational framework and a specific instance of a DER network constructed for a virtual character. The character’s DER uses three types of emotional state as classified by duration timescales, keeping with current emotional theory. We demonstrate the system with a virtual actor. We also demonstrate how even a simplified version of this representation can improve goal arbitration in autonomous agents.

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de Medeiros, Adriana Pereira, and Daniel Schwabe. "Kuaba approach: Integrating formal semantics and design rationale representation to support design reuse." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 22, no. 4 (September 18, 2008): 399–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060408000279.

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AbstractThis article presents Kuaba, a new design rationale representation approach that enables employing design rationale to support reuse of model-based designs, particularly, software design. It is shown that this can be achieved through the adoption of an appropriate vocabulary that allows design rationale representations to be computationally processed. The architecture and implementation of an integrated design environment to support recording design rationale using Kuaba is also shown. The Kuaba approach integrates the design rationale representation model with the formal semantics provided by the metamodel of the design method or modeling language used for describing the artifact being designed. This integration makes the design rationale representations more specific according to the design methods and enables a type of software design reuse at the highest abstraction level, where rationales can be integrated and reemployed in designing a new artifact.

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Conversy, Stéphane, Stéphane Chatty, and Christophe Hurter. "Visual scanning as a reference framework for interactive representation design." Information Visualization 10, no. 3 (July 2011): 196–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871611415988.

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When designing a representation, the designer implicitly formulates a sequence of visual tasks required to understand and use the representation effectively. This paper aims at making the sequence of visual tasks explicit in order to help designers elicit their design choices. In particular, we present a set of concepts to systematically analyse what a user must theoretically do to decipher representations. The analysis consists of a decomposition of the activity of scanning into elementary visualization operations. We show how the analysis applies to various existing representations, and how expected benefits can be expressed in terms of elementary operations. The set of elementary operations form the basis of a shared language for representation designers. The decomposition highlights the challenges encountered by a user when deciphering a representation and helps designers to exhibit possible flaws in their design, justify their choices, and compare designs. We also show that interaction with a representation can be considered as facilitation to perform the elementary operations. Categories and subject descriptors H.5.2 User Interfaces – evaluation/methodology, screen design. General terms design, human factors

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Andersson, P. "Design representation in Movie." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 10, no. 3 (March 1991): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/43.67787.

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Bodker, Susanne. "Understanding Representation in Design." Human–Computer Interaction 13, no. 2 (June 1998): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327051hci1302_1.

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Suárez, Luis Alfonso de la Fuente. "TOWARDS EXPERIENTIAL REPRESENTATION IN ARCHITECTURE." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 1 (April 6, 2016): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1163243.

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Planning and predicting the experiences that buildings will produce is an essential part of architectural design. The importance of representation lies in its ability to communicate experiences before a building is materialized. This article will treat the topic of representation of architecture works without putting aside our direct experience with edifices. By understanding the perceptual, associative and interactive phenomena that arise from the human encounter with buildings, it becomes possible to comprehend the representation of these phenomena through pictorial means. The first objective of this theoretical article is to define the inherent and unavoidable factors that are present in the creation and interpretation of all architectural representations, regardless of the technical means used. Any representation conveys two processes: the representation of experience (a creative process), and the experience of representation (an interpretive process). Furthermore, there exist two layers in any representation: the what (the architectural object) and the how (the representational medium). The second objective is to suggest alternatives to visual realism, in order to create representations that embody the particular phenomena that an architectural work will be able to produce. On the one hand, representations that pretend to copy reality produce in the observers detailed visual experiences; on the other hand, certain representations reflect the experiences themselves after they have been produced; they represent buildings as they are transformed by experience. This article focuses on those representations that are not only the reflection of an object, but also the reflection of our way of experiencing it.

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Summers, Joshua D., Bernie Bettig, and Jami J. Shah. "The Design Exemplar: A New Data Structure for Embodiment Design Automation." Journal of Mechanical Design 126, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1767179.

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A key issue in developing new intelligent computer aided design and manufacturing tools (CAD/CAM) is knowledge representation. Engineering knowledge has been represented in many forms, such as rule sets, design procedures, features, frames, and semantic networks. Some of these are domain dependent, some are query dependent, and some require specialized inferencing engines or solving algorithms, thus providing a severe limitation for exchange and re-use of design knowledge. A standard representation structure that is capable of encapsulating different types of knowledge would be a useful tool. The design exemplar provides a standard representation of mechanical engineering design problem knowledge based upon a canonically derived set of entities and relationships. The data structure of the design exemplar facilitates four basic design tasks: pattern matching, property extraction, design validation, and change propagation. This paper shows that it is possible to map the design exemplar to other representations (procedures, rules, and features). The concept of integrating atomic design exemplars into composite networks for performing complex design tasks is also introduced as a tool for developing and applying the design exemplar in engineering design automation.

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Pedersen, Mathilde Kjær, Cecilie Carlsen Bach, Rikke Maagaard Gregersen, Ingi Heinesen Højsted, and Uffe Thomas Jankvist. "Mathematical Representation Competency in Relation to Use of Digital Technology and Task Design—A Literature Review." Mathematics 9, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9040444.

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Representations are crucial to mathematical activity, both for learners and skilled mathematicians. Digital technologies (DT) to support mathematical activity offer a plethora of new possibilities, not least in the context of mathematics education. This paper presents a literature review on representations and activation of students’ representation competency when using DT in mathematics teaching and learning situations. It does so with a starting point in task designs involving digital tools aiming to activate representation competency, drawing on the notion of Mathematical Digital Boundary Object (MDBO). The 30 studies included in the literature review are analyzed using Duval’s registers of semiotic representations and the representation competency from the Danish KOM framework. The results reveal a clear connection between the mathematical topics addressed and the types of representation utilized, and further indicate that certain aspects of the representation competency are outsourced when DT are used. To activate the representation competency in relation to the use of DT, we offer five suggestions for consideration when designing mathematical tasks. Finally, we raise the question of whether DT create new representations or merely new activities.

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DENG, Y. M. "Function and behavior representation in conceptual mechanical design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 16, no. 5 (November 2002): 343–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060402165024.

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Conceptual design seeks to deliver design concepts that implement desired functions. Function and behavior are two dominant terms used in the research of this design phase. However, there are still some fundamental ambiguities and confusions over their representation, which have greatly hindered the interchange of research ideas and the development of design synthesis strategies. For conceptual design of mechanical products specifically, this paper attempts to clarify these ambiguities. It classifies function as purpose function and action function and relates them to the different levels of design hierarchy and abstraction. It distinguishes between semantic and syntactic representations of function and behavior and summarizes basic representation schemes. It also proposes an input–output action transformation scheme for semantic function representation and an input–output flow of action scheme for semantic behavior representation. Based on these discoveries, a refined framework is proposed for conceptual mechanical product design, where a function–decomposition–mapping process is elaborated to demonstrate the necessities and usefulness of the presented work.

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Besle, Julien, Rosa-Maria Sánchez-Panchuelo, Richard Bowtell, Susan Francis, and Denis Schluppeck. "Single-subject fMRI mapping at 7 T of the representation of fingertips in S1: a comparison of event-related and phase-encoding designs." Journal of Neurophysiology 109, no. 9 (May 1, 2013): 2293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00499.2012.

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A desirable goal of functional MRI (fMRI), both clinically and for basic research, is to produce detailed maps of cortical function in individual subjects. Single-subject mapping of the somatotopic hand representation in the human primary somatosensory cortex (S1) has been performed using both phase-encoding and block/event-related designs. Here, we review the theoretical strengths and limits of each method and empirically compare high-resolution (1.5 mm isotropic) somatotopic maps obtained using fMRI at ultrahigh magnetic field (7 T) with phase-encoding and event-related designs in six subjects in response to vibrotactile stimulation of the five fingertips. Results show that the phase-encoding design is more efficient than the event-related design for mapping fingertip-specific responses and in particular allows us to describe a new additional somatotopic representation of fingertips on the precentral gyrus. However, with sufficient data, both designs yield very similar fingertip-specific maps in S1, which confirms that the assumption of local representational continuity underlying phase-encoding designs is largely valid at the level of the fingertips in S1. In addition, it is shown that the event-related design allows the mapping of overlapping cortical representations that are difficult to estimate using the phase-encoding design. The event-related data show a complex pattern of overlapping cortical representations for different fingertips within S1 and demonstrate that regions of S1 responding to several adjacent fingertips can incorrectly be identified as responding preferentially to one fingertip in the phase-encoding data.

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Devert, Alexandre, Thomas Weise, and Ke Tang. "A Study on Scalable Representations for Evolutionary Optimization of Ground Structures." Evolutionary Computation 20, no. 3 (September 2012): 453–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00054.

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This paper presents a comparative study of two indirect solution representations, a generative and an ontogenic one, on a set of well-known 2D truss design problems. The generative representation encodes the parameters of a trusses design as a mapping from a 2D space. The ontogenic representation encodes truss design parameters as a local truss transformation iterated several times, starting from a trivial initial truss. Both representations are tested with a naive evolution strategy based optimization scheme, as well as the state of the art HyperNEAT approach. We focus both on the best objective value obtained and the computational cost to reach a given level of optimality. The study shows that the two solution representations behave very differently. For experimental settings with equal complexity, with the same optimization scheme and settings, the generative representation provides results which are far from optimal, whereas the ontogenic representation delivers near-optimal solutions. The ontogenic representation is also much less computationally expensive than a direct representation until very close to the global optimum. The study questions the scalability of the generative representations, while the results for the ontogenic representation display much better scalability.

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Gross, Mark D., Stephen M. Ervin, James A. Anderson, and Aaron Fleisher. "Constraints: Knowledge representation in design." Design Studies 9, no. 3 (July 1988): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-694x(88)90042-7.

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Ahmad, Sumbul, and Scott C. Chase. "Style Representation in Design Grammars." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 39, no. 3 (January 2012): 486–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b37074.

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Chandrasekaran, B., A. K. Goel, and Y. Iwasaki. "Functional representation as design rationale." Computer 26, no. 1 (January 1993): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.179157.

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Schmidt, Ludger, and Holger Luczak. "Knowledge representation for engineering design." International Journal of Product Development 2, no. 3 (2005): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpd.2005.007247.

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Akay, Haluk, and Sang-Gook Kim. "Design transcription: Deep learning based design feature representation." CIRP Annals 69, no. 1 (2020): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2020.04.084.

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Huicong, Hu, and Lu Wen-Feng. "Design specification representation for intelligent product appearance design." E3S Web of Conferences 179 (2020): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017902004.

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Traditional intelligent product design usually focuses on functional design, aiming to generate appropriate structures that would provide required functions. Design specifications are mainly formulized into technical descriptions or values that are related to certain functional or usability requirements. In today’s global market, to in-crease user satisfaction, the appearance design of a product become vital for users to make purchasing decisions. This is particularly true of today’s consumer products such as mobile phones, digital cameras, and other electronic products. In intelligent product appearance design, design specifications are merely described as basic geometric dimensions and types of surface materials. Additionally, the aesthetic considerations and emotional needs of product appearance are seldom discussed when establishing design specifications for product appearance design. In this regard, the objective of this study is to propose a design specification representation framework for intelligent product appearance design considering both emotional and aesthetic aspects. The framework be-gins to investigate user needs by acquiring user aesthetic experience. Based on the notion of aesthetic experience, a detailed representation model of appearance design specifications is provided for satisfying user emotional and aesthetic needs. Finally, a case study of the appearance design of digital cameras is provided to demonstrate the acquisition of user needs and establishment of design specifications based on the proposed framework.

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Hornby, Gregory S., and Jordan B. Pollack. "Creating High-Level Components with a Generative Representation for Body-Brain Evolution." Artificial Life 8, no. 3 (July 2002): 223–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/106454602320991837.

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One of the main limitations of scalability in body-brain evolution systems is the representation chosen for encoding creatures. This paper defines a class of representations called generative representations, which are identified by their ability to reuse elements of the genotype in the translation to the phenotype. This paper presents an example of a generative representation for the concurrent evolution of the morphology and neural controller of simulated robots, and also introduces GENRE, an evolutionary system for evolving designs using this representation. Applying GENRE to the task of evolving robots for locomotion and comparing it against a non-generative (direct) representation shows that the generative representation system rapidly produces robots with significantly greater fitness. Analyzing these results shows that the generative representation system achieves better performance by capturing useful bias from the design space and by allowing viable large scale mutations in the phenotype. Generative representations thereby enable the encapsulation, coordination, and reuse of assemblies of parts.

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KRISHNAMURTI, RAMESH. "Explicit design space?" Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 20, no. 2 (March 10, 2006): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060406060082.

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This paper examines the need for explicit representations of the design space, in response to Woodbury and Burrow. Specifically, their proposal for a particular search strategy, by means of which one can reuse past experiences explicitly represented by previously traversed paths, is examined. This is done by exploring issues with respect to design search and representation in general, while relating these to specific issues raised by Woodbury and Burrow. The paper concludes by suggesting that their arguments essentially point to devising an appropriate “programming language” for design.

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Sakkalis, T., G. Shen, and N. M. Patrikalakis. "Representational validity of boundary representation models." Computer-Aided Design 32, no. 12 (October 2000): 719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4485(00)00047-6.

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Zhang, Ying Zhong, and Xiao Fang Luo. "Design Meta-Intent Representation and Semantic Annotation." Key Engineering Materials 450 (November 2010): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.450.453.

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The parametric feature-based modeling systems can express design intent at high-level. But they usually lack representations for explaining why the feature is selected, what its design purpose and source are. This paper integrates the design intent object with design rationale and proposes an ontology-based representation framework for design meta-intent information. An approach to ontology instantiation for design intent objects and meta-intent properties by semantic annotating is presented. In order to improve the annotating efficiency the methods to automatically capture the design meta-intent information are also discussed. Based on above approaches the design meat-intent information can be naturally and effectively constructed during design process.

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Kanis, H., and W. S. Green. "Research for Usage Oriented Design: Quantitative? Qualitative?" Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 38 (July 2000): 925–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403867.

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Theory of user-product interaction is summarised and implemented in a graphical representation. This graphical representation stresses the central role of user activities (perception, cognition/experience and use actions including any effort) in dealing with featural and functional product characteristics. The interaction is primarily seen as situated, and constrained by, rather than being predictable from, human characteristics and capacities; no role is given in the graphical representation to mental representations. For observational research to be supportive of usage oriented design, there are two requirements: a focus on user activities, and a direct link from these activities to featural and functional product characteristics. It is argued that qualitative studies constitute the obvious type of research to meet these criteria. Quantitative research may also be possible as is illustrated with an empirical example. It is experimentation, in the sense of hypothesis testing, involving control and standardisation in order to establish some causality, which tends to fall short in linking natural user activities to product characteristics.

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Graulich, Nicole, Sebastian Hedtrich, and René Harzenetter. "Explicit versus implicit similarity – exploring relational conceptual understanding in organic chemistry." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 20, no. 4 (2019): 924–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9rp00054b.

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Learning to interpret organic structures not as an arrangement of lines and letters but, rather, as a representation of chemical entities is a challenge in organic chemistry. To successfully deal with the variety of molecules or mechanistic representations, a learner needs to understand how a representation depicts domain-specific information. Various studies that focused on representational competence have already investigated how learners relate a representation to its corresponding concept. However, aside from a basic connectional representational understanding, the ability to infer a comparable reactivity from multiple different functional groups in large molecules is important for undergraduate students in organic chemistry. In this quantitative study, we aimed at exploring how to assess undergraduate students’ ability to distinguish between conceptually relevant similarities and distracting surface similarities among representations. The instrument consisted of multiple-choice items in four concept categories that are generally used to estimate the reactivity in substitution reactions. This exploratory study shows that the item design for assessing students’ conceptual understanding influences students’ answering patterns. Insights and pitfalls gained from this investigation and future directions for research and teaching are provided.

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CALABRESE, ANTONIO, FRANCESCO MELE, ANTONIO SORGENTE, OLIVIERO TALAMO, and CARLO COPPOLA. "THREE CONCEPTUAL LEVELS FOR THE ARTIFACTS DESIGN." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 22, no. 05 (August 2008): 1059–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001408006636.

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In this paper we present a theoretical framework for the formalization of design methodologies of artifacts, in which we distinguish three levels: the design strategies level, the artifacts representation level, and the level of graphics systems for 3D rendering. This work proposes both a formal apparatus for the definition of design strategies, considered as processes operating on representations of artefacts, and provides a methodological contribution to the building of knowledge-based aid design systems. The key idea of the paper is that, independently of the design type, it is essential to separate the level of design strategy from that of artifact representation and to connect them through appropriate translation rules. The strategy level is a "meta"-level with respect to the representation level. Therefore when we formalize a strategy, we must represent it through a language of greater order than the one used in formalizing the artifact representation. In this paper we present a formalization of some typical design strategies classes for every-day artifact in which an artifact is represented as a class of a formal ontology. Though the methodological and formal apparatus presented has been defined for the generative design operating method, we think that the concepts here exposed apply also to other architectural design approaches.

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Hulthage, I., M. A. Przystupa, M. L. Farinacci, and M. D. Rychener. "The represenaion of metallurgical knowledge for alloy design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 1, no. 3 (August 1987): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400000263.

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This article gives an overview of the metallurgical database of ALADIN, an expert system that aids metallurgists in the design of new aluminum alloys. Declarative structured representations in the form of schemata are used for metallurgical data and concepts. The representation is very general, as the goal has been to create a representation for all knowledge about aluminum alloys and metallurgy relevant to the design process. The alloy database and the architecture of the microstructure database is discussed in detail. The microstructure of alloys is described by an enumeration of the types of microstructural elements present along with their characteristics.

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Linsey, J. S., K. L. Wood, and A. B. Markman. "Modality and representation in analogy." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 22, no. 2 (2008): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060408000061.

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AbstractDesign by analogy is a powerful part of the design process across the wide variety of modalities used by designers such as linguistic descriptions, sketches, and diagrams. We need tools to support people's ability to find and use analogies. A deeper understanding of the cognitive mechanisms underlying design and analogy is a crucial step in developing these tools. This paper presents an experiment that explores the effects of representation within the modality of sketching, the effects of functional models, and the retrieval and use of analogies. We find that the level of abstraction for the representation of prior knowledge and the representation of a current design problem both affect people's ability to retrieve and use analogous solutions. A general semantic description in memory facilitates retrieval of that prior knowledge. The ability to find and use an analogy is also facilitated by having an appropriate functional model of the problem. These studies result in a number of important implications for the development of tools to support design by analogy. Foremost among these implications is the ability to provide multiple representations of design problems by which designers may reason across, where the verb construct in the English language is a preferred mode for these representations.

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SUN, Zhaoyang. "Representation of Design Intents in Design Thinking Process Model." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 45, no. 08 (2009): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2009.08.182.

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Volkova, Galina D., Olga V. Novoselova, Elena G. Semyachkova, and Tatiana B. Turbeyeva. "Method of Mapping for Semantic Static Constructions into Syntactic Constructions in the Design of Information-Active Systems." EPJ Web of Conferences 224 (2019): 06005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201922406005.

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The design of information-active systems provides the formation of the model representation of automated tasks, which is invariant to the environment and means of software and hardware implementation. The syntactic (info-logical) model representation of applied problems will be adequate to initial requirements only if they provide meaningful unity. It is determined by the initial formation of a knowledge model or conceptual representation of applied tasks. The conjugation of semantic and syntactic static constructions is based on the regularity of mapping in the framework of the methodology of intellectual labor automation. The formal description of connections (mapping) of semantic (conceptual) and syntactic (info-logical) representations on the basis of the regularity of mapping allows limiting the set of possible relations and connections in verbal syntactical constructions for representation of subject tasks and providing completeness of the formalized (syntactic) representations at the expense of their semantic addition.

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Ozel, Filiz. "Object oriented representation of design decisions." Automation in Construction 8, no. 1 (November 1998): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-5805(98)00067-3.

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Zhang, Jian J., and Lihua You. "PDE based surface representation—vase design." Computers & Graphics 26, no. 1 (February 2002): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0097-8493(01)00160-1.

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Raphael, B., and B. Kumar. "Object oriented representation of design cases." Computers & Structures 63, no. 4 (May 1997): 663–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(96)00078-8.

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Vranes̆, Sanja, and Mladen Stanojević. "Design knowledge representation in Prolog/Rex." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 12, no. 2 (April 1999): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0952-1976(98)00058-x.

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Manes, Sergio. "Architectural Representation Software: A Design Tool." International Journal of Architectural Computing 2, no. 3 (September 2004): 403–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1478077043505432.

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Tutter, Adele. "Design as Dream and Self-Representation." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 59, no. 3 (June 2011): 509–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003065111408725.

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EL AALLAOUI, M., A. EL BOUHTOURI, and A. AYADI. "ADAPTIVE SELECTIVITY REPRESENTATION: DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 07, no. 01 (January 2009): 89–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691309002829.

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This paper focuses on the development of a new two-dimensional representation for images that can capture different features in images, ranging from highly directional ones to fully isotropic ones. We propose a multiselectivity analysis, defined by combining an isotropic multiscale and multidirection decomposition. The result is new half-continuous frame for each selectivity level. The angular selectivity of these frames grows with selectivity level. This selectivity level can be adapted locally to the content of the image; so it can be seen as an adaptive selectivity representation, which present adaptively isotropic, directional and intermediary features in images. The numerical experiments presented in this paper demonstrate that the adaptive selectivity approach is very competitive in image denoising and enhancement.

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Ashlock, Daniel. "Exploring Representation in Evolutionary Level Design." Synthesis Lectures on Games and Computational Intelligence 2, no. 1 (May 17, 2018): 1–155. http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/s00840ed1v01y201803gci003.

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Rabbat, Nasser. "DESIGN WITHOUT REPRESENTATION IN MEDIEVAL EGYPT." Muqarnas Online 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118993-90000129.

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Rabbat, Nasser. "Design without Representation in Medieval Egypt." Muqarnas Online 25, no. 1 (March 22, 2008): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118993_02501007.

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Webster, D. E. "Mapping the design information representation terrain." Computer 21, no. 12 (December 1988): 8–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.16186.

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Shannon, Brettany, and Tridib Banerjee. "Dialectic of design, rhetoric of representation." Journal of Urban Design 22, no. 3 (January 24, 2017): 326–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2016.1273743.

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Fisher, Grant. "Content, design, and representation in chemistry." Foundations of Chemistry 19, no. 1 (March 14, 2017): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10698-017-9275-6.

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Carrara, Gianfranco, Yehuda E. Kalay, and Gabriele Novembri. "Multi-modal representation of design knowledge." Automation in Construction 1, no. 2 (September 1992): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-5805(92)90002-2.

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Burns, SA. "Graphical representation of design optimization processes." Computer-Aided Design 21, no. 1 (January 1989): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4485(89)90112-7.

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Mussio, P. "Representation Problems in Visual Language Design." Journal of Visual Languages & Computing 4, no. 4 (December 1993): 325–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvlc.1993.1019.

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Sarica, Serhad, and Jianxi Luo. "DESIGN KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION WITH TECHNOLOGY SEMANTIC NETWORK." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 1043–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.104.

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AbstractEngineers often need to discover and learn designs from unfamiliar domains for inspiration or other particular uses. However, the complexity of the technical design descriptions and the unfamiliarity to the domain make it hard for engineers to comprehend the function, behavior, and structure of a design. To help engineers quickly understand a complex technical design description new to them, one approach is to represent it as a network graph of the design-related entities and their relations as an abstract summary of the design. While graph or network visualizations are widely adopted in the engineering design literature, the challenge remains in retrieving the design entities and deriving their relations. In this paper, we propose a network mapping method that is powered by Technology Semantic Network (TechNet). Through a case study, we showcase how TechNet’s unique characteristic of being trained on a large technology-related data source advantages itself over common-sense knowledge bases, such as WordNet and ConceptNet, for design knowledge representation.

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Chapman, C. D., K. Saitou, and M. J. Jakiela. "Genetic Algorithms as an Approach to Configuration and Topology Design." Journal of Mechanical Design 116, no. 4 (December 1, 1994): 1005–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919480.

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The genetic algorithm, a search and optimization technique based on the theory of natural selection, is applied to problems of structural topology design. An overview of the genetic algorithm will first describe the genetics-based representations and operators used in a typical genetic algorithm search. Then, a review of previous research in structural optimization is provided. A discretized design representation, and methods for mapping genetic algorithm “chromosomes” into this representation, is then detailed. Several examples of genetic algorithm-based structural topology optimization are provided: we address the optimization of cantilevered plate topologies, and we investigate methods for optimizing finely-discretized design domains. The genetic algorithm’s ability to find families of highly-fit designs is also examined. Finally, a description of potential future work in genetic algorithm-based structural topology optimization is offered.

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SCHWEBER, HOWARD. "The Limits of Political Representation." American Political Science Review 110, no. 2 (May 2016): 382–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055416000137.

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A representation is always a selective and limited reproduction of the thing represented, an idea captured in the metaphor of a map. What is left out of a representation is as important as what is included. A specifically political conception of representation implies limits to the scope of that conception, the nature and character of the represented constituency, and the relationship between constituent and representative, irrespective of variations in institutional design and practice. The limits of political representation reflect normative commitments; consequently, a focus on those limits is central to an evaluation of representative practices. While it is important to look beyond familiar institutional forms, excessively inclusive descriptions of “representative,” “constituency,” or “representation” deprive those conceptions of their substantive content. The limits of political representation are not defects to be overcome by an ever-expanding definition of representation, they are an essential focus in the normative or empirical analysis of representative institutions and practices.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Representation design'

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