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Journal articles on the topic 'Representations of work'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Sun, Jingyuan, Shaonan Wang, Jiajun Zhang, and Chengqing Zong. "Towards Sentence-Level Brain Decoding with Distributed Representations." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 7047–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33017047.

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Decoding human brain activities based on linguistic representations has been actively studied in recent years. However, most previous studies exclusively focus on word-level representations, and little is learned about decoding whole sentences from brain activation patterns. This work is our effort to mend the gap. In this paper, we build decoders to associate brain activities with sentence stimulus via distributed representations, the currently dominant sentence representation approach in natural language processing (NLP). We carry out a systematic evaluation, covering both widely-used baselines and state-of-the-art sentence representation models. We demonstrate how well different types of sentence representations decode the brain activation patterns and give empirical explanations of the performance difference. Moreover, to explore how sentences are neurally represented in the brain, we further compare the sentence representation’s correspondence to different brain areas associated with high-level cognitive functions. We find the supervised structured representation models most accurately probe the language atlas of human brain. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first comprehensive evaluation of distributed sentence representations for brain decoding. We hope this work can contribute to decoding brain activities with NLP representation models, and understanding how linguistic items are neurally represented.

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2

Suchman, Lucy. "Representations of work." Communications of the ACM 38, no. 9 (September 1995): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/223248.223257.

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Kyng, Morten. "Making representations work." Communications of the ACM 38, no. 9 (September 1995): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/223248.223261.

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Inwood, Kris E., and Richard Reid. "Representations of Work." Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History 28, no. 4 (September 1, 1995): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01615440.1995.9956364.

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5

Bailey, Todd M. "Rules work on one representation; similarity compares two representations." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 1 (February 2005): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x05240013.

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Rules and similarity refer to qualitatively different processes. The classification of a stimulus by rules involves abstract and usually domain-specific knowledge operating primarily on the target representation. In contrast, similarity is a relation between the target representation and another representation of the same type. It is also useful to distinguish associationist processes as a third type of cognitive process.

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Benda, Natalie C., and Ann M. Bisantz. "Prototypical Work Situations: A Robust, Flexible Means for Representing Activity in a Work Domain." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631089.

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Representing the results is a key component in the analysis of cognitive work. Many structures have been developed for representing the results of Cognitive Work Analysis, but the representation of activity through “prototypical work situations” is less commonly utilized. Prototypical work situations, initially described by Rasmussen, convey summaries of actual activities that represent the key properties of work in a domain. This study illustrates the utility of prototypical work situation representations through a demonstrative case example. Specifically, representations of prototypical work situations were utilized to summarize and compare communication with patients in the emergency department across multiple situations. Via the case example, we demonstrate how representations of prototypical work situations can be leveraged to summarize results, elicit feedback, and design and test new tools to support cognitive, collaborative work. We also provide a revised structure for creating prototypical representations of work that can be adapted and utilized in future studies.

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7

Bonetto, Eric, Fabien Girandola, and Grégory Lo Monaco. "Social Representations and Commitment." European Psychologist 23, no. 3 (July 2018): 233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000317.

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Abstract. This contribution consists of a critical review of the literature about the articulation of two traditionally separated theoretical fields: social representations and commitment. Besides consulting various works and communications, a bibliographic search was carried out (between February and December, 2016) on various databases using the keywords “commitment” and “social representation,” in the singular and in the plural, in French and in English. Articles published in English or in French, that explicitly made reference to both terms, were included. The relations between commitment and social representations are approached according to two approaches or complementary lines. The first line follows the role of commitment in the representational dynamics: how can commitment transform the representations? This articulation gathers most of the work on the topic. The second line envisages the social representations as determinants of commitment procedures: how can these representations influence the effects of commitment procedures? This literature review will identify unexploited tracks, as well as research perspectives for both areas of research.

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Case, Peter. "Representations of Talk at Work." Management Learning 26, no. 4 (December 1995): 423–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135050769502600402.

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9

Suárez, Luis Alfonso de la Fuente. "TOWARDS EXPERIENTIAL REPRESENTATION IN ARCHITECTURE." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 1 (April 6, 2016): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1163243.

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Planning and predicting the experiences that buildings will produce is an essential part of architectural design. The importance of representation lies in its ability to communicate experiences before a building is materialized. This article will treat the topic of representation of architecture works without putting aside our direct experience with edifices. By understanding the perceptual, associative and interactive phenomena that arise from the human encounter with buildings, it becomes possible to comprehend the representation of these phenomena through pictorial means. The first objective of this theoretical article is to define the inherent and unavoidable factors that are present in the creation and interpretation of all architectural representations, regardless of the technical means used. Any representation conveys two processes: the representation of experience (a creative process), and the experience of representation (an interpretive process). Furthermore, there exist two layers in any representation: the what (the architectural object) and the how (the representational medium). The second objective is to suggest alternatives to visual realism, in order to create representations that embody the particular phenomena that an architectural work will be able to produce. On the one hand, representations that pretend to copy reality produce in the observers detailed visual experiences; on the other hand, certain representations reflect the experiences themselves after they have been produced; they represent buildings as they are transformed by experience. This article focuses on those representations that are not only the reflection of an object, but also the reflection of our way of experiencing it.

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10

Coiera, Enrico. "The qualitative representation of physical systems." Knowledge Engineering Review 7, no. 1 (March 1992): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900006159.

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AbstractThe representation of physical systems using qualitative formalisms is examined in this review, with an emphasis on recent developments in the area. The push to develop reasoning systems incorporating deep knowledge originally focused on naive physical representations, but has now shifted to more formal ones based on qualitative mathematics. The qualitative differential constraint formalism used in systems like QSIM is examined, and current efforts to link this to competing representations like Qualitative Process Theory are noted. Inference and representation are intertwined, and the decision to represent notions like causality explicitly, or infer it from other properties, has shifted as the field has developed. The evolution of causal and functional representations is thus examined. Finally, a growing body of work that allows reasoning systems to utilize multiple representations of a system is identified. Dimensions along which multiple model hierarchies could be constructed are examined, including mode of behaviour, granularity, ontology, and representational depth.

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11

Styhre, Alexander, and Pernilla Gluch. "Visual representations and knowledge‐intensive work." VINE 39, no. 2 (June 19, 2009): 108–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03055720910988832.

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12

Van Heuvelen, Alan, and Xueli Zou. "Multiple representations of work–energy processes." American Journal of Physics 69, no. 2 (February 2001): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1286662.

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13

Mescher, Samula, Yvonne Benschop, and Hans Doorewaard. "Representations of work—life balance support." Human Relations 63, no. 1 (December 1, 2009): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726709349197.

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This article explores how employers portray themselves as supporters of work—life balance (WLB) in texts found on 24 websites of 10 different companies. With a theoretical framework based on a critical reflection on strategic HRM, feminist studies of organizational culture and hegemonic power processes, we examine implicit and explicit messages of work, life, and WLB support. We study the cultural norms that can be distilled from these articulations, including the concepts of the ideal worker and the ideal parent and discuss the possible (unintended) effects of the implicit and explicit messages. Our analysis shows the ambiguity of the different messages conveyed on WLB support. In contrast to the explicit supportive messages, implicit messages present WLB-arrangements as a privilege. The majority of websites reproduce traditional cultural norms regarding ideal workers and parents and the power of hegemony is not broken. Apparently, WLB support does not always signify support.

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14

Bauder, Harald. "Work, young people and neighbourhood representations." Social & Cultural Geography 2, no. 4 (January 2001): 461–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649360120092643.

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15

Rowley, Jennifer, and Clive Workman. "Vector Model Representations of Work Cells." Management Research News 17, no. 10/11 (October 1994): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb028389.

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16

Downing, Laura J. "Opacity is a matter of representation: Shimakonde vowel harmony and vowel reduction." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 52 (January 1, 2010): 159–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.52.2010.387.

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As work like McCarthy (2002: 128) notes, pre-Optimality Theory (OT) phonology was primarily concerned with representations and theories of subsegmental structure. In contrast, the role of representations and choice of structural models has received little attention in OT. Some central representational issues of the pre-OT era have, in fact, become moot in OT (McCarthy 2002: 128). Further, as work like Baković (2007) notes, even for assimilatory processes where representation played a central role in the pre-OT era, constraint interaction now carries the main explanatory burden. Indeed, relatively few studies in OT (e.g., Rose 2000; Hargus & Beavert 2006; Huffmann 2005, 2007; Morén 2006) have argued for the importance of phonological representations. This paper intends to contribute to this work by reanalyzing a set of processes related to vowel harmony in Shimakonde, a Bantu language spoken in Mozambique and Tanzania. These processes are of particular interest, as Liphola’s (2001) study argues that they are derivationally opaque and so not amenable to an OT analysis. I show that the opacity disappears given the proper choice of representations for vowel features and a metrical harmony domain.

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17

Haddawy, Peter, and Larry Rendell. "Planning and decision theory." Knowledge Engineering Review 5, no. 1 (March 1990): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026988890000521x.

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Research on planning in AI can be separated into the two major areas: plan generation and plan representation. Most AI planners to date have been based on the STRIPS planning representation. This representation has a number of limitations. Much recent work in plan representation has addressed these limitations. It was shown that Decision Theory can be used to remove a number of the limitations. Furthermore, the decision theoretic framework provides a precise definition of rational behaviour. There remain open questions within decision theory regarding belief revision and causality. It should be noted that these problems are not artifacts of the representation. Rather they arise because the rich representation allows their formulation. Some work integrating AI and decision theoretic approaches to planning has been done but this remains a largely untouched research area.We see two main avenues for fruitful research. First, the straightforward decision theoretic formulation of planning is computationally impractical. Techniques need to be developed to do efficient decision theoretic planning. Work in AI plan generation has exploited information contained the structure of qualitative representations to guide efficient plan construction. These techniques should be applied to decision theoretic representations as well. Second, AI has developed many representations that allow useful structuring of knowledge about the world. Decision Theory has concentrated on representing beliefs and desires. Integration of AI and decision theoretic representations would yield powerful representation languages. Some of the benefits of such work can already be seen in the research combining temporal and decision theoretic representations.

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18

Gurunath Shivakumar, Prashanth, and Panayiotis Georgiou. "Confusion2Vec: towards enriching vector space word representations with representational ambiguities." PeerJ Computer Science 5 (June 10, 2019): e195. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.195.

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Word vector representations are a crucial part of natural language processing (NLP) and human computer interaction. In this paper, we propose a novel word vector representation, Confusion2Vec, motivated from the human speech production and perception that encodes representational ambiguity. Humans employ both acoustic similarity cues and contextual cues to decode information and we focus on a model that incorporates both sources of information. The representational ambiguity of acoustics, which manifests itself in word confusions, is often resolved by both humans and machines through contextual cues. A range of representational ambiguities can emerge in various domains further to acoustic perception, such as morphological transformations, word segmentation, paraphrasing for NLP tasks like machine translation, etc. In this work, we present a case study in application to automatic speech recognition (ASR) task, where the word representational ambiguities/confusions are related to acoustic similarity. We present several techniques to train an acoustic perceptual similarity representation ambiguity. We term this Confusion2Vec and learn on unsupervised-generated data from ASR confusion networks or lattice-like structures. Appropriate evaluations for the Confusion2Vec are formulated for gauging acoustic similarity in addition to semantic–syntactic and word similarity evaluations. The Confusion2Vec is able to model word confusions efficiently, without compromising on the semantic-syntactic word relations, thus effectively enriching the word vector space with extra task relevant ambiguity information. We provide an intuitive exploration of the two-dimensional Confusion2Vec space using principal component analysis of the embedding and relate to semantic relationships, syntactic relationships, and acoustic relationships. We show through this that the new space preserves the semantic/syntactic relationships while robustly encoding acoustic similarities. The potential of the new vector representation and its ability in the utilization of uncertainty information associated with the lattice is demonstrated through small examples relating to the task of ASR error correction.

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19

REINEKE, MARCUS. "THE MONOID OF FAMILIES OF QUIVER REPRESENTATIONS." Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society 84, no. 3 (April 29, 2002): 663–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0024611502013497.

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A monoid structure on families of representations of a quiver is introduced by taking extensions of representations in families, that is, subvarieties of the varieties of representations. The study of this monoid leads to interesting interactions between representation theory, algebraic geometry and quantum group theory. For example, it produces a wealth of interesting examples of families of quiver representations, which can be analysed by representation-theoretic and geometric methods. Conversely, results from representation theory, in particular A. Schofield's work on general properties of quiver representations, allow us to relate the monoid to certain degenerate forms of quantized enveloping algebras.2000 Mathematical Subject Classification: 16G20, 14L30, 17B37.

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20

Strangleman, Tim. "Representations of Labour: Visual Sociology and Work." Sociology Compass 2, no. 5 (August 8, 2008): 1491–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00149.x.

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21

Scaife, Mike, and Yvonne Rogers. "External cognition: how do graphical representations work?" International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 45, no. 2 (August 1996): 185–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1996.0048.

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22

McDowell, Linda, and Gill Court. "Performing Work: Bodily Representations in Merchant Banks." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, no. 6 (December 1994): 727–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d120727.

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Not only is the workplace a significant site of the social construction of feminine and masculine identities but in an increasing range of service sector occupations, a gendered bodily performance is a significant part of selling a product. In this paper, we draw on Butler's notion of gender identity as a regulatory fiction to investigate the consequences of the specificity of embodiment and gendered performances. Drawing on three case studies in the City of London, we explore the differential fictions constructed by men and women engaged in interactive service work in a professional capacity in merchant banks. We examine the ways in which women are embodied and/or represented as ‘woman’ in the workplace, comparing women's sense of themselves and their everyday workplace experiences with those of men doing the same job. Our aim is to establish whether the necessity of selling oneself as part of the product in such service sector employment challenges the idealisation of male workers as disembodied rational subjects, while not necessarily disrupting the inferior position of embodied women.

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23

Perez-Garcia, D., F. Verstraete, M. M. Wolf, and J. I. Cirac. "Matrix product state representations." Quantum Information and Computation 7, no. 5&6 (July 2007): 401–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic7.5-6-1.

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This work gives a detailed investigation of matrix product state (MPS) representations for pure multipartite quantum states. We determine the freedom in representations with and without translation symmetry, derive respective canonical forms and provide efficient methods for obtaining them. Results on frustration free Hamiltonians and the generation of MPS are extended, and the use of the MPS-representation for classical simulations of quantum systems is discussed.

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24

Zammitti, Andrea, Paola Magnano, and Giuseppe Santisi. "“Work and Surroundings”: A Training to Enhance Career Curiosity, Self-Efficacy, and the Perception of Work and Decent Work in Adolescents." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 6473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166473.

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The development of professional identity starts with childhood. In adolescence, individuals should have appropriate resources to make choices; high levels of self-efficacy and professional curiosity, as well as better representations of the concept of work and decent work, could support adolescents in their planning of the future. For this reason, we developed a training aimed at providing adolescents with resources of professional curiosity and self-efficacy, which would also increase their representation of the concepts of work and decent work. A longitudinal study compared a control group (n = 80) with an experimental group (n = 80). The second group participated in mainly qualitative career counseling activities and showed an improvement in the levels of professional curiosity and self-efficacy; moreover, after the training, the experimental group showed a better representation of work and decent work. Consequently, the training managed to improve the dimensions set out above. The results show that career counseling activities can help increase adolescent resources and increase their chances of finding a qualitatively good job.

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25

Anderson, Ben. "Cultural geography II: The force of representations." Progress in Human Geography 43, no. 6 (March 21, 2018): 1120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132518761431.

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Cultural geography is once again concerned with representations. In this report I focus on how, in the wake of various non-representational theories, recent work stays with what texts, images, words, and other representations do. I argue that this work is animated by a concern with the force of representations: their capacities to affect and effect, to make a difference. Accompanying this orientation to questions of force is a shift in the unit of analysis to ‘representations-in-relation’ and a multiplication of the modes of analysis through which cultural geography is performed, including the emergence of reparative and descriptive modes.

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26

Sørensen, Jesper. "Acts That Work: A Cognitive Approach to Ritual Agency." Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 19, no. 3-4 (2007): 281–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006807x240118.

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AbstractQuestions of agency are central for understanding ritual behavior in general and representations of ritual efficacy in particular. Religious traditions often stipulate who are entitled to perform particular rituals. Further, representations of unobservable superhuman agents are often explicitly described as the 'real' ritual agents. Recent investigations into the processes underlying action representations and social cognition can help explain how these representations arise. It is argued that paying close attention to details in the cognitive processing of ordinary actions can shed light on how ritual actions activate part of these systems while simultaneously leaving other aspects unaccounted for. This has particular effects that make culturally transmitted representations of superhuman agents highly relevant.

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27

Casselman, W. "Canonical Extensions of Harish-Chandra Modules to Representations of G." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 41, no. 3 (June 1, 1989): 385–438. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1989-019-5.

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Let G be the group of R-rational points on a reductive, Zariskiconnected, algebraic group defined over R, let K be a maximal compact subgroup, and let g be the corresponding complexified Lie algebra of G. It is a curious fault of the current representation theory of G that for technical reasons one very rarely works with representations of G itself, but rather with a certain category of simultaneous representations of g and K. The reasons for this are, roughly speaking, that for a given (g,K)-module of finite length there are clearly any number of overlying rather distinct continuous G-representations, whose ‘essence’ is captured by the (g, K)-module alone. At any rate, this paper will propose a remedy for this inconvenience, and define a category of smooth representations of G of finite length which will, I hope, turn out to be as easy to work with as representations of (g, K) and occasionally much more convenient. It is to be considered a report on what has been to a great extent joint work with Nolan Wallach, and is essentially a sequel to [38].

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28

Kaplan, Steven Laurence, and Cynthia J. Koepp. "Work in France: Representations, Meaning, Organization, and Practice." Labour / Le Travail 23 (1989): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25143228.

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29

Gresle, F., Steven L. Kaplan, and Cynthia J. Koepp. "Work in France. Representations, Meaning, Organization and Practice." Revue Française de Sociologie 28, no. 2 (April 1987): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3321696.

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30

Holmes, G. M., Steven Laurence Kaplan, and Cynthia J. Koepp. "Work in France: Representations, Meaning, Organization and Practice." Economic History Review 40, no. 2 (May 1987): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2596715.

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31

Huysman, Marleen, Stella Pachidi, Anastasia Sergeeva, and Ingrid Erickson. "Constructing Representations: Implications for Work, Technology and Organizing." Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, no. 1 (August 2018): 14105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.14105symposium.

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32

Negura, L., and J. M. Deslauriers. "Work and Lifestyle: Social Representations among Young Fathers." British Journal of Social Work 40, no. 8 (December 21, 2009): 2652–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcp151.

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33

Eagleton, Mary. "Nice work? representations of the intellectual woman worker." Women's History Review 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2005): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09612020500200429.

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34

Brody, David. "Painting Labor: Ramiro Gomez's Representations of Domestic Work." WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly 45, no. 3-4 (2017): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wsq.2017.0052.

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35

Porter, Gaby. "Gender bias: Representations of work in history museums." Continuum 3, no. 1 (January 1990): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10304319009388150.

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36

Stewart, Mary Lynn, Steven Laurence Kaplan, and Cynthia J. Koepp. "Work in France: Representations, Training, Organization, and Practice." American Historical Review 93, no. 1 (February 1988): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1865753.

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37

Engel, Susan. "Looking Backward: Representations of Childhood in Literary Work." Journal of Aesthetic Education 33, no. 1 (1999): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3333736.

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38

Williams, Colin C., and Sara Nadin. "Work beyond employment: representations of informal economic activities." Work, Employment and Society 26, no. 2 (April 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017012437006.

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39

Howe, Lauren Christine, Leonie Jolanthe Hentrup, and Jochen I. Menges. "The Future of Work: Mental Representations of a Changing World of Work." Academy of Management Proceedings 2021, no. 1 (August 2021): 10273. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.10273abstract.

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40

Cherian, Merin, and Kannan Balakrishnan. "Evaluating Word Embedding Models for Malayalam." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 4 (July 29, 2021): 3769–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2406.

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An evaluation of static word embedding models for Malayalam is conducted in this paper. In this work, we have created a well-documented and pre-processed corpus for Malayalam. Word vectors were created for this corpus using three different word embedding models and they were evaluated using intrinsic evaluators. Quality of word representation is tested using word analogy, word similarity and concept categorization. The testing is independent of the downstream language processing tasks. Experimental results on Malayalam word representations of GloVe, FastText and Word2Vec are reported in this work. It is shown that higher-dimensional word representation and larger window size gave better results on intrinsic evaluators.

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41

Rextin, Aimal Tariq, Fatima Iftekhar, Muhammad Muddasir Malik, and Faheem Abbas. "Comparative Analysis of Flight Search Representations." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 31, no. 4 (October 2019): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.2019100104.

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Visualization has been extensively used in almost all the fields, but unfortunately, there is very little work on the visualization of flight search. The literature discusses only two representations: textual representation and linear representation. In this study, the authors introduce a new form of visualization called circular representation and compare it with the existing visualization techniques. The authors found that each representation has its own merits and demerits. More specifically, they found that users were able to find required flight circular efficiently when using circular representation, while most errors were committed by the user when using textual representation, and users ranked circular representation low in terms of qualitative satisfaction.

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42

LI, ZHUO, ZHENHENG LI, and YOU'AN CAO. "REPRESENTATIONS OF THE RENNER MONOID." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 19, no. 04 (June 2009): 511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196709005147.

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We describe irreducible representations and character formulas of the Renner monoids for reductive monoids, which generalize the Munn–Solomon representation theory of rook monoids to any Renner monoids. The type map and polytope associated with reductive monoids play a crucial role in our work. It turns out that the irreducible representations of certain parabolic subgroups of the Weyl groups determine the complete set of irreducible representations of the Renner monoids. An analogue of the Munn–Solomon formula for calculating the character of the Renner monoids, in terms of the characters of the parabolic subgroups, is shown.

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43

Mejía, Oscar A., and Kent A. Ono. "Fugitive Rhetorics in Media Representations of Sanctuary." Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 9, no. 1 (2020): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2020.9.1.111.

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Representations of undocumented people on television shows such as The Fosters can impact how audiences understand contemporary issues concerning sanctuary and migrants. In this Critical Intervention forum essay, we examine the intricate representation of Ximena, a Latinx woman, and her struggle as an undocumented person who takes up sanctuary in a church to avoid being arrested by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement. This televisual representation of Ximena highlights the need to incorporate the complexity of undocumented people's experiences into mainstream narratives. As activist scholars, in this brief essay we support, critique, and contextualize representations of undocumented people and sanctuary as part of the work that needs to be done to help challenge dehumanizing representations, laws and policies, and actions.

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44

Glückstad, Fumiko Kano. "Aligning Mental Representations." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 17, no. 4 (July 20, 2013): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2013.p0663.

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This work introduces a framework that implements asymmetric communication theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson [1]. The framework applies a generalization model known as the Bayesian model of generalization (BMG) [2] for aligning knowledge possessed by two communicating parties. The work focuses on the application of the BMG to publicly available datasets, the Leuven natural concept database [3] representing semantic structures of domain knowledge possessed by individual subjects [3]. Results indicate that the BMG is potentially a model applicable to simulating the alignment of domain knowledge from the information receiver’s viewpoint.

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Stary, Chris, and Edith Stary. "Creating Meaningful Representations." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 12, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021964921350041x.

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Demanding business environments increasingly require knowledge work. Hereby, knowledge creation needs to rely on meaningful entities and representations, in particular for organisational change processes. In this paper, we report on exploring essential benefits for stakeholders and communities when applying major principles of Maria Montessori when articulating and communicating knowledge. Experienced benefits stem from stakeholders' self-determined and individualized design experiences. We motivate the embodiment of stakeholders into physically enriched and ambient knowledge management (KM) environments and reveal insights from testing those ideas. The results of our work should guide the development of enriched KM environments.

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GÜNGÖR, ONUR, TUNGA GÜNGÖR, and SUZAN ÜSKÜDARLI. "The effect of morphology in named entity recognition with sequence tagging." Natural Language Engineering 25, no. 1 (July 27, 2018): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324918000281.

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AbstractThis work proposes a sequential tagger for named entity recognition in morphologically rich languages. Several schemes for representing the morphological analysis of a word in the context of named entity recognition are examined. Word representations are formed by concatenating word and character embeddings with the morphological embeddings based on these schemes. The impact of these representations is measured by training and evaluating a sequential tagger composed of a conditional random field layer on top of a bidirectional long short-term memory layer. Experiments with Turkish, Czech, Hungarian, Finnish and Spanish produce the state-of-the-art results for all these languages, indicating that the representation of morphological information improves performance.

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Bjerva, Johannes, Robert Östling, Maria Han Veiga, Jörg Tiedemann, and Isabelle Augenstein. "What Do Language Representations Really Represent?" Computational Linguistics 45, no. 2 (June 2019): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00351.

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A neural language model trained on a text corpus can be used to induce distributed representations of words, such that similar words end up with similar representations. If the corpus is multilingual, the same model can be used to learn distributed representations of languages, such that similar languages end up with similar representations. We show that this holds even when the multilingual corpus has been translated into English, by picking up the faint signal left by the source languages. However, just as it is a thorny problem to separate semantic from syntactic similarity in word representations, it is not obvious what type of similarity is captured by language representations. We investigate correlations and causal relationships between language representations learned from translations on one hand, and genetic, geographical, and several levels of structural similarity between languages on the other. Of these, structural similarity is found to correlate most strongly with language representation similarity, whereas genetic relationships—a convenient benchmark used for evaluation in previous work—appears to be a confounding factor. Apart from implications about translation effects, we see this more generally as a case where NLP and linguistic typology can interact and benefit one another.

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Komatsu, Lloyd K. "Mapping Millikan's conceptual work onto (empirical) work by psychologists." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21, no. 1 (February 1998): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x98350402.

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There are three points of difference between psychologists' assumptions and those that Millikan suggests: (1) concepts as representations versus concepts as reflecting a capacity; (2) concepts having a role in categorization and inference versus a role in reidentification; and (3) the “basic level” as an aspect of the “vertical” dimension of categories versus being a kind of category, on a par with natural kinds.

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McKinnie, Michael. "King-Maker: Reading Theatrical Presentations of Canadian Political History." Theatre Research in Canada 15, no. 2 (January 1994): 164–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tric.15.2.164.

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This essay examines Allan Stratton's Rexy! and Michael Hollingsworth's The Life and Times of Mackenzie King in the context of their historiographic representations of former Canadian Prime Minister Mackenzie King. The essay argues that the plays' different tropological strategies of representation determine their respective historical narratives, and explores some of the dramaturgical and theatrical implications of these strategies. Specifically, "Kingmaker" argues that Hollingsworth's narrative is constructed through metonymy, textually and scenographically drawing attention to the space between historical events and its own representation of those events. Stratton's narrative, in contrast, is guided by metaphor, and attempts to efface the representational methodologies at work in its construction of King.

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Vulić, Ivan, and Marie-Francine Moens. "Bilingual Distributed Word Representations from Document-Aligned Comparable Data." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 55 (April 12, 2016): 953–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.4986.

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We propose a new model for learning bilingual word representations from non-parallel document-aligned data. Following the recent advances in word representation learning, our model learns dense real-valued word vectors, that is, bilingual word embeddings (BWEs). Unlike prior work on inducing BWEs which heavily relied on parallel sentence-aligned corpora and/or readily available translation resources such as dictionaries, the article reveals that BWEs may be learned solely on the basis of document-aligned comparable data without any additional lexical resources nor syntactic information. We present a comparison of our approach with previous state-of-the-art models for learning bilingual word representations from comparable data that rely on the framework of multilingual probabilistic topic modeling (MuPTM), as well as with distributional local context-counting models. We demonstrate the utility of the induced BWEs in two semantic tasks: (1) bilingual lexicon extraction, (2) suggesting word translations in context for polysemous words. Our simple yet effective BWE-based models significantly outperform the MuPTM-based and context-counting representation models from comparable data as well as prior BWE-based models, and acquire the best reported results on both tasks for all three tested language pairs.

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