Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Représentations sociales – Chili – 19e siècle'
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Zaldívar, Peralta Trinidad. "Sonrisas de la memoria : la caricatura en Chile : imaginario nacional y representación política (1858-1891)." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010714.
Full textSchurdevin-Blaise, Chloé. "Construction identitaire nationale et représentations de l'indien : le discours des manuels scolaires du Chili (1833-1925)." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20073.
Full textThe present thesis examines connections between the construction of national identity in Chile and representations of indigenous peoples in school textbooks in history, geography and reading. The period we study begins with the Constitution of 1833 and the recognition of the state's responsibility for the development of public primary education. It ends with the Constitution of 1925, which established compulsory primary education. For nearly a century, the elites tried to elaborate and transmit national values and myths to students through which they would develop nationalist sentiment. We create an understanding of how the perception of indigenous peoples was instrumentalized in that process and –successively or simultaneously- reivindicated, distanced or silenced, depending on periods, political convictions and elite interests. We begin our study by defining the main concepts of our research. The second part is more methodological: it deals with historiography, problematic and sources. Then we will analyze the documents in a quantitative and qualitative way in order to propose a periodization for the representations of indigenous peoples conveyed by textbooks. Finally we place the discourses in a national historical context and interpret the link between Chilean identity and indianity revealed in our sources
Jordan-Gonzalez, Laura Francisca. "Enjeux de la cueca chilienne : vocalité et représentations sociales." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26902.
Full textThis thesis studies the singing of Chilean cueca by examining the relationship between voice and social representations through a mixed methodology that combines bibliographical research, participant observation, interviews and music analysis. It starts out by teasing apart the type of cueca dubbed urbana, brava or chilenera, whose singular vocal sound is linked to the singers’ belonging to “popular” sectors of society. Next, by returning to the earliest roots of the cueca in Chile, Chapter 2, analyses several depictions of voice in zamacueca found in travelogues during the nineteenth century. Through an analysis of the context in which such depictions were produced, it shows how the propsed nasal sound of zamacueca is articulated as creating otherness. Chapter 3, explores the impact that one specific theory on the origins of Chilean cueca has had on the way in which voice in this genre is conceived. Nasality reemerges here, this time endowed with the imagination of the Arab-Andalusian. With regard to the representation of the popular subject, Chapter 4, exposes two of the main figures in Chilean culture—the huaso and the roto—each one respectively representing the rural and the urban subject intertwined with nationalist discourses. In the context of debates on authenticity, representations of “popular speaking” surface across different styles of cueca, producing vocalities affected by the imagination of social class. The final chapter focuses on the experiences of young singers active in the current revival scene. Their collective dynamics increase the impact of competition on vocal practices. Specifically, singing a la rueda, or taking turns singing in a circle, demonstrates how having a “good pito”—an adequate cueca voice—requires adapting one’s own voice to the needs of the group. The conclusion confirms that the relationship between voice and style is a crucial for understanding, not only a variety of cueca renditions, but also their transformations over time, through processes of stylization. Moreover, the diverse labels accompanying the term cueca are indicative of ethnic, gender and class based characteristics espoused by the singers, which inflence their different voices.
Grez, Toso Sergio. "Les mouvements d'ouvriers et d'artisans en milieu urbain au Chili au XIXe siècle : 1818-1890." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0061.
Full textDe, Neymet Viveros Nicolas. "Voyages, voyageurs français et représentations au Mexique au XIXe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20010.
Full textThis thesis intends to look at the other (Mexico) through a cultural practice (the trip or journey) which gains a specific meaning at a given time, in a stated society (France in the XIXth century). The main characteristic of the travel, as a displacement in space, is the encounter with the other. It's about an experience that goes further than the everyday's life, which involves a further understanding of the well-known world. This brings out narrative writings allowing the translation of an individual experience into a collective knowledge because they are incorporated to the structures and codes from where they are narrated. The cultural history is our perspective. The representations are the decisive factor of the construction of systems for the classification and the perspectives, and, also, the generator of the social world practices. Otherness cannot be understood without taking into accounts the subject that compares and his identity. As a consequence, the observer uses codes and pre established ideas from his own culture, it's a mirror game that highlights the myths, clichés and stereotypes that are involved each time that one wants to talk about « the one that I am not ». The travelling experience creates an effect of strangeness. As Mexico is recreated in the time of the narration, personal experiences in this unknown space alter the observer's sight; His ideas and principles are probated and the traveler does not return unchanged
Dubesset, Mathilde, and Michelle Zancarini-Fournel. "Parcours de femmes : réalités et représentations : Saint-Etienne : 1880-1950." Lyon 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO20006.
Full textLauck, Annie. "Les représentations de la police parisienne de la Restauration à la monarchie de Juillet (1814-1832)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010532.
Full textIt can be said of the Paris police force that from 1814 till 1832 it was made up of two bodies : the political police and what we shall call the "conventional police". The political police was tolerated by the government and their allies inasmuch as it acted as a deterrent. As for the opposition, they fought it on the grounds of possible misuse of power and corruption. Although the population looked down on the policemen a lot of people from all walks of society actually helped them, for the revolution was not yet over. Even though there was no dispute over judicial or municipal police, some people had mixed feelings as regards "le commissaire de police" ; Parisians expected him both to enforce the law and provide any help they might need. Nevertheless they resented the power he had over them. In 1829 a new police force - "les sergents de ville" blue-uniformed policemen - was created. At first they were befriended by the population but with the brutal suppression of students' and works' demonstrations in favour of the republic in 1831 and 1832 they grew less and less popular. Their supporting royal despotism and their mixing with criminals tarnished their image. Finally it was the fact that they were both protectors and predators that helped them into the world of the French romantic novel
Andréassian, Anne Elisabeth. "Les représentations de l'entreprise dans le roman français au XIXe siècle, 1829-1891." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010546.
Full textCourtine, Sylvie. "Le corps criminel : approche socio-historique des représentations du corps des criminels." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0037.
Full textReference to the body appears as a recurrent element in all discourse on criminals. It is shamelessly exposed in the headlines of different newspapers, appears in all scientific debates, is used with talent in novels and meets with no resistance in any mind. In the nineteenth century, the body was a unanimous and redundant attraction, like an obsession, for all those who, for sometimes very different reasons, were interested in crimes and criminals. The study of the criminal phenomenon as a whole is undeniably accompanied from its premise by attentive observation of the anatomy and by an immoderate interest in the analysis of body signs. By referring to earlier periods, our study shows that this recourse to the body is not a tendency proper only to the nineteenth century, but in time, is part of the logics of the assessment of human nature enabling norms to be enacted, morals to be spread and laws to be imposed. This omnipresence of the body in discourse on criminals reflects in particular a genuine fascination -a repulsion for the flesh and all that is opaque and complex therein. The soul that is sheltered but also dissimulated in these bodies remains the enigma to be deciphered by the tireless questioning of physical and moral relationships and their reciprocal determinations. This study attempts to focus on the invariant elements which contribute to the representations of the criminals body
Giraldou, Gonzalez Marion. "Prostitution et prostituées à San José (Costa Rica) 1870-1930 : représentations sociales et processus de marginalisation." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20017.
Full textThis work deals with the processes of marginalisation through the study of prostitution in San José, Costa Rica, between 1870 and 1930. The chosen line is different to traditional studies on this topic, as the objective is not to study a given group, prostitutes, but rather to understand its formation and grasp the meaning of the concept of marginalisation at one moment and in a given space. In this direction, the analysis is driven towards the observation of complex and evolutional – and thus concretely elusive – relations. It is a question of giving a voice to certain marginalised individuals, without ignoring the general entity, in order to be able to reconstruct the image of the representation that they had of themselves and that the others had of them. In this way, the two approaches, the micro and the macro ones, are complementary and necessary to a comprehension of the processes of marginalisation, a comprehension that aspires to be global. Adopting these study perspectives, I orientate the analysis towards daily and popular life so as to drive my topic out of the rigid yokes of the institutional and formal structures. I hence tried to rethink the notion of prostitution, opening the study of marginality to different fields of the history discipline in order not to lock myself into a single type of approach and thus be able to grasp the processes in their complexity. The notion of “prostitute” seems then to be less like a result, than an actual instrument of control leading to the stigmatisation of women whose conduct does not correspond to social requirements
Derainne, Pierre-Jacques. "Le travail, les migrations et les conflits en France : représentations et attitudes sociales sous la Monarchie de Juillet et la Seconde République." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL019.
Full textUmezawa, Aya. "La prison cellulaire et la folie des prisonniers : histoire des représentations de la prison et des prisonniers (1819-1848)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010585.
Full textStavrakis, Katerina. "L'exode rural : naissance d'un imaginaire social à la fin du XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010634.
Full textChillali, Anissa. "Aspects du romantisme berbère : étude du discours politique sur les Kabyles, 1830-1914." Lille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL30005.
Full textLenoble, Benoît. "Le journal au temps du réclamisme : presse, publicité et culture de masse en France (1863-1930)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010569.
Full textSauget, Stéphanie. "À la recherche des Pas Perdus : dans la matrice des gares parisiennes (1837-1914)." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010606.
Full textLyon-Caen, Judith. "Lectures et usages du roman en France, de 1830 à l'avènement du Second Empire." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010604.
Full textKerignard, Sophie. "Les femmes, les mal entendues du discours libertaire ? : de la fin du dix-neuvième siècle à la Grande guerre." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082374.
Full textAnarchist discourse about women, from 1880 to 1914, is first analysed with three theorists : Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Max Stirner and Michel Bakounine. Two historical events also influenced the libertarians : the Russian nihilist movement and Paris Commune. They therefore place themselves somewhere between tradition and the protection of women. They develop a discourse on the role and place of women in the family unit based on a matriarchal myth and in particular producing neo-Malthusian propaganda. The libertarians also initiate contradictory thinking on free love, as illustrated by communities and several couples. Finally, the relationship between feminism and anarchy are studied. Two anarchistic tendencies stand out : libertarian feminism and anarcho-feminism, illustrated by Louis Michel, important figure of the libertarian movement, and Gabrielle Petit, feminist militant and revolutionary
Grandcoing, Philippe. "Les demeures de la distinction : le phénomène châtelain dans le département de la Haute-Vienne au XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010593.
Full textThis work proposes to study the manor phenomenon in the Haute-Vienne departement between 1789 and 1914. The analysis of theoretical and descriptive discourses and the evolution of the corpus of mansions thus designated have shaped a new figure of the manor. This one has become distinct from the former seignorial structure. Towards 1900 this term designates an heterogeneous set of dwellings that are often of recent origin (a manor in two appeared during the period). This resistance to and adaptation on the manor model result from the development of the holiday in the countryside and the status of people getting their income from the land in the bourgeoisie. Old families and upstarts asserted their status as worthies in that way. It is also the fruit of the emotional enhancement of the mansion in the nobility. This appeal for the mansion was at its peak between 1860 and 1880. Afterwards it declined because of the emergence of the villa. But if the mansion remained a very prized type of dweling it is because it is both an element of social distinction for the one who lives in it and an index of social otherness for those living around it. The laying-out of the dwelling and its surrounllings being of the a mediocre quality and social inequalities little marked. However the mansion does not seem here to be the catalyst for social antagonisms. The owners of mansions have really gone through a decline in their political, social and economic influence. Gradually, their residences have become simple special places, the quality of their architecture setting them apart
Haas-Jakobowicz, Nathalie. "Figures et usages du peuple en 1830." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010514.
Full textKo, Byung-Chan. "Stendhal romancier de l'ascension sociale." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080884.
Full textStendhal was devoted to descritbing his heroes endeavors to climb the hierarchy of the social ladder and to revealing the mechanismes of these efforts. His heroes were aristocrats or of the bourgeoisie and there was to highilight their intrigues, interets and ambitions than in their salons. However the climb up the social ladder finishes badly for all of stendhal's heroes. They abandon this base world to withdraw to solitude where they discover true happiness. This analysis takes into account characteristics of novels-fiction, autofiction, portrayal of reality, attitudes of the main and secondary characters. Stendhal paints the picture of a period and a society that at times left him indignant and revolted. He weaves history into the plots of his novels. This analysis considers the specificity of his writing about himself. Stendhal's autobiography seems like a ritual of reminiscence that meters his narration. Writing about himself is the starting point of his contemplation. The social-historical analysis is period in the history of france during which old beliefs are regjected and a new social order is established. Diverse elements are studied: provincial and parisian life, phenomenon of social classes, role of salons and money in politics and social ascent, and theme of esprit and energy which are to stendhal. Finally the problem of the mainifold "me" of the heroes-virtual, real and actual-is examined in detail
Cavaignac, François. "Labiche, témoin de son temps." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010517.
Full textBasille-Reyes, Véronique. "Mexicains d'origine française ou Franco-Mexicains ? : discours et représentations sociales dans les Etats de Veracruz et Mexico : à la recherche d'une identité perdue." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL039.
Full textIn 1831, after the independence of New Spain, some French, living with difficulty in their village of Champlitte, headed towards Jicaltepec, in the North of Mexican state Veracruz, in order to participate to Etienne Guénot's « Compagnie française » project. Throughout the 19e century, French emigrants continuously settled there. In 1862, the French presence was strengthened by the intervention of Napoleon III, then, with the « Porfiriat », by favoring foreign investments. What was then the influence of France in Mexico ? Can we speak today about a « Franco Mexican » legacy ? Do Mexicans from French descent still speak their forebears' language ? What stakes are there in the conservation of the French language and culture ? Can one speak about « Francophonie » ? What factors come to influence their linguistic behaviors, their cultural practices and their representations of France, of French people, of Mexico, of Mexican people, of the same and of the other ? How do they define themselves ? What kind of identifications do they translate into words ?
Deluermoz, Quentin. "Les policiers en tenue dans l'espace parisien (1854-1913) : la construction d'un ordre public." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010692.
Full textFoucher, Charlotte. "Un symbolisme enfoui : les femmes artistes dans les milieux symbolistes en France au passage du siècle (XIXe-XXe)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010707.
Full textMyoupo, Magalie. "La Sainteté en filigrane : stratégies d'appropriation laïque du modèle hagiographique dans la prose du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC296.
Full textThis research project takes the form of an investigation about a recurrent collective imagination throughout the 19th century: the idea of secular sainthood. In fact, numerous texts both historiographical accounts and novels, bring to the surface a character they endow with an exemplarity which is particularly developed and not exempt from a reinvented transcendence. If a being aspires to an end that surpasses its self, be it the pursuit of a political ideal (“the Republic”), “art,” or “science,” then that being can achieve a sainthood that deifies them. Secularized sainthood, which brings together two irreconcilable notions, arises at first glance from two different phenomena. On the one hand, it emerges from the resurgence of a Catholicism with strong ties to the French Restauration. In the realm of humanities, this resurgence brings forth the return to favor of Christianity as a subject, with Chateaubriand’s Génie du christianisme, published in 1802, spectacularly paving the way. On the other hand, this secularization process develops out of a reaction against the Catholic Church – and the Society of Jesus specifically – which takes places in the 1840s. From social romanticism to naturalism, from Michelet, Sands, Sue, and Lamartine through the Goncourt, Cladel and Zola, when novelists and historians reach for a hagiographic model, they no longer conjure it up to celebrate the Ancien Régime and its values. Under a well-known form, the Romantics want to spread a new and controversial education based upon emancipation rather than imitation. The Naturalists see in hagiographical narrative sequences and patterns – in particular martyrdom and asceticism – a way to describe the economic and social condition of the people. In a disenchanted century, the modern “resymbolisation” of hagiographical narrative sequences and patterns question the persistent needs for a religious imagination to build community – or, conversely, to describe unbridgeable class differences
Burguin, Pascal. "Une ville et ses élites au XIXe siècle : Rennes (1815-1914) : économie, société, identité." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20048.
Full textThe elite of Rennes is analysed from three standpoints - as economic agents, guardians of social order and as a corps in charge of the picture of the urban economy - one of the sources of bourgeois supremacy and a precondition of Rennes'desire to establish an identity for itself - and identifying the elite by using the tools of quantitative social history and to contemporary representation, this criss-cross history of the city and its elite attempts to reconstitute the construction process of an urban identity for Rennes in the 19th century. Rennes, an administrative as well as a landed city, dedicated to the agricultural industry and commodity trading, invariably managed in the 19th century by bourgeois liberals originating from manufacturing and trading forged itself the collective identity of a scholarly and moderate city, able to curb its decline and to re-conquer, through science and arts, its status of a provincial capital but also capable of overcoming its passed and future divisions by gathering around the consensual figurehead of its former mayor, Leperdit. The past, transformed into collective memory, was the principal instrument of this drive towards a strong identity and, in the political arena, the "mémoire bleue" imposed itself as the official memory of the city - a composite memory combining liberalism and Christianity, localism and patriotism, which erased all trace of the "mémoire blanche" upheld by a gradually declining nobility
Mauduit, Xavier. "Le ministère du faste : la maison du président de la République et la maison de l'empereur (1848-1870)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010571.
Full textMonteilhet, Véronique. "Les représentations sociales du monde balzacien dans ses adaptations filmiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20009.
Full textMazurel, Hervé. "Désirs de guerre et rêves d'ailleurs : la croisade philhellène des volontaires occidentaux de la guerre d'indépendance grecque (1821-1830)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010553.
Full textCalvignac, Jean-Pierre. "Les habitants d'Ile-de-France devant l'invasion étrangère, 1870-1871 : image de l'autre et image de soi." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010634.
Full textYvinec, Maud. ""Los peruanos conocidos antes con el nombre de indios". Les discours sur l'Indien au Pérou, de la guerre d'indépendance à la guerre du Pacifique (1821-1879)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030120.
Full textThis dissertation looks at the representations of the Indian at the beginning of Peruvian national construction. The period between 1821 and 1879 has been given little consideration so far, even though it is a pivotal moment between the end of Spanish rule and what is generally regarded as the beginning of Indigenism. How is the Indian conceived at a time when a new community is being invented? By looking at an extremely diversified array of discourses (legal texts, newspapers, literature, historiography, visual arts, and so on) this dissertation shall investigate the way paradoxes of identity are built. Its first part deals with the representations of the “Indian of the past”: although the Incas were established as the ancestors of the Nation, the Indians of the Nineteenth Century were not necessarily perceived as their rightful descendants. This leads to an investigation of the Indian population in the New Republic of Peru. The second part of this dissertation scrutinizes the construction of a representation of the Indian as an individual on the verge of becoming similar to the Creole population, thanks to his upcoming political, social and economic assimilation: this is what we term “the projected Indian”, who is a “de-Indianized” Indian. The third part of this study will show how after all, the Indian always remains “present”: his official status is more ambiguous than it seems, since the integrative laws of the Republic are constantly questioned and the Indian’s otherness is constantly reinforced by the continued presence of stereotypes. These diverse contradictions give rise to an awareness of a significant issue: the fourth part illustrates the emergence of the Indian as a “national question”
Hantraye, Jacques. "La société française et la guerre : les invasions et les occupations étrangères en Seine-et-Oise (1814-1816)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010669.
Full textDemartini, Anne-Emmanuelle. "Lacenaire : un monstre dans la société de la Monarchie de Juillet." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010515.
Full textAiming both at a history of representations of social anxiety and images of alterity, and at a history of singularity, this thesis considers the monster - a production of the collective imagination - as a historical object. It examines the creation by society of a monster figure through the Lacenaire case, the major criminal event a the turn of the year 1835-1836. An atypical criminal - being a gifted, well-read man of bourgeois origins -, the "murderer-poet" pierre-francois lacenaire was seen as a monster both by himself and by his contemporaries, since his professed monstrosity aimed to create a new figure of infamy. In this light, the lacenaire case provides a remarkable key to the history of the imagining of monstruosity, and, more broadly, to the social imagination during the opening years of the july monarchy. Such a monster-figure seems to escape traditional categories of intelligibility, as it wavers between the human and the inhuman, between selfhood and otherness. As such, it conveys the distress of a time that was torn between an obsessive past and an uncertain future. By considering Lacenaire as a political, criminal, bourgeois and romantic monster, the society of his time cast its own demons upon him, thereby exorcizing them. In this respect, lacenaire can be said to have originated the conservative turning-point of the july monarchy
Blaquière, Alyson. "Représentations et appartenance identitaire parmi les Acadiens de la Baie-des-Chaleurs, 1763-1867." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67374.
Full textPatary, Bernard. "Homo apostolicus : la formation du clergé indigène au Collège Général des Missions Étrangères de Paris, à Penang (Malaisie), 1808-1968 : institution et représentations." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20008/document.
Full textThis PhD is about the education of asian native clergy in a french catholic seminary, (General College) in Penang (Malaysia), between 1808 and 1968. It deals with the history and many aspects of every day life in an institution led by missionaries : spiritual matters, liturgy, general and theological studies, hygiene, food, health, manual work, finances. It as taken an interest in studying the members of this community, french teachers and their pupils coming from twelve different countries of Asia. This quite long period (160 years) offers the opportunity to observe the evolution of political and cultural events, especially those connected with the Holy See’s foreign policy, the colonization of Asia, Vatican II’s consequences. But the major aim is consisting in the understanding of a system of cultural representations. The General College intends to transmit the european civilization, and also to produce, within native asian seminarists, an ideal-priest, the homo academicus, able to die a martyr to the Catholic Church, if necessary. Many questions are asked : how did french missionaries look at the native clergy they educated, and what does it reavels, wich rank do those newly converted priests deserved in the Church, how did the french teachers proceeded to achieve their purposes and were they successful ?
Zagha, Muriel. "Figures de la possession dans les nouvelles de Henry James de la dernière période, 1898-1910." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030088.
Full textIn the late tales of henry james (1898-1910), the architectural "house of fiction" inspired by balzac's monumental oeuvre appears as the result of an aesthetic quest for mastery and self-possession underpinned by a profound concern for the ethics of possession. A keen lover of the arts and of the stage. Henry james nonetheless criticizes the unsettling idolatry of his time, using contemporary types of representation as his tools. At the height of his career as a novelist, james appears more than ever as a consummate "literary cannibal", converting every influence, whether it be proudly celebrated or quietly ciphered into the text, into his own work, thus evolving the figure of the master, the man of letters. The main figure of possession in henry james's fiction may finally be the trace of new england puritanism, with the "province of piety" as sacred fount of a vision of the world as revelatory text and as main inspiration for james's moral concerns with the aftertaste of the fall, the status of the real thing, and the real right way of looking on
Bourlé, Carole. "La représentation du plaisir féminin à l'époque romantique." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR152.
Full textMore than their classical and neo-classical predecessors, Romantic authors are obsessed with the question of the body which implicitly matches the subject of women’s sexual pleasure. Far from being an angelic and disembodied movement, Romanticism is indeed torn between the materiality of the senses and the question of ideality, arising from Sade’s as well as also Rousseau’s works. Besides, Romantic writers are not the only ones to show a growing interest in female enjoyment: between the end of the Bourbon Restoration and the 1848 Revolution, doctors tried to solve that mystery and regulate it. But, to do so, they endorsed misogynistic theories of the most extreme exegetes from the Bible and justified at the same time, from a so-called scientific point of view, the unequal laws of the French Civil Code which legally kept women in the position of subordinate sexual slaves. Were Romantic authors influenced by this anti-feminist background or did they manage to offer other ways of thinking? This dissertation explores the ambivalence of a movement which redeems the flesh in the name of a pleasure superior to duty but also conveys a chauvinistic set of representation condoning the violated female’s body. At that time, the echo of marginal voices arose, in particular among some Saint-Simonian women who did not hesitate to praise “free love”, way before the sexual revolution. The topic, a socially inappropriate one, aroused fierce passions among activists and even within the Romantic Movement
Gemis, Vanessa. "Femmes de lettres belges, 1880-1940: identités et représentations collectives." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210262.
Full textDoctorat en Langues et lettres
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Yan, Xiaolei. "Dire la Chine en français : ses représentations dans des dictionnaires et encyclopédies (1627-1877)." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR006.
Full textThe cultural history study of dictionaries has opened a new field for the research of representations. A retrospection of the extended meaning of the french word “chinois” led us to the present work about representations of China in french dictionaries. With the cultural history of dictionaries as the main theoretical framework, we have studied nine dictionaries whose publication dates cover 250 years. Through observations and analyzes on the formation, the change and the transmission of representations of China, we have uncovered complex influences of multiple factors about the dictionaries on representations, and the significant effect over time of dictionaries on the formation of stereotypes concerning China in the french language
Moulin, Aurélia. "Le bijou au XIXe siècle dans le périodique de mode : 1820-1870." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040104.
Full textMost studies regarding 19th-century jewellery favour the study of its stylistic and formal aspects. As for its uses, they are most often eluded and the rare social and societal considerations, when they are tackled, remain anecdotal. Yet, jewellery plays a determining social role, especially in the expression of wealth but also in the process of identification and of belonging to a group. For this, fashion periodicals constitute a most precious support for study. They tell us about the very codified use women from the elite made of their jewellery, and implicitly of the place and role that was assigned to them in 19th century society. The fashion periodical is also a very interesting source to contextualise the jewel creation, which thus becomes a mirror of events. Jewellery appears as a reflection of various influences, all at once from the technical point of view, the choice of materials, the chosen style, the form or the symbolism of the worked designs. Through the descriptions of jewellery contained in fashion chronicles and engravings that accompany them, we shall retrace a history of forms by categorising the great trends recurring between 1820 and 1870 before dealing with those characterising one particular era. We shall also use advertisement notices in order to examine the relationships linking the different actors that participate in the making and marketing of jewellery with the fashion phenomena
Goldwaser, Yankelevich Nathalie. "Figures de la femme dans les projets nationaux : littérature et politique dans la région du Rio de la Plata et en Nouvelle Grenade (1835 - 1853)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010686/document.
Full textIn 1853, in the Rio de la Plata as well as in Nueva Granada, promulgated federal and republican constitutions are dictated not without tensions. In both there is an explicit exclusion of women as subjects of political rights. Interestingly, that year the Legislature Assembly of Velez, province of Nueva Granada, promulgated electoral voting rights regardless of sex, an event that in spite of not prospering because of the presidential veto, represents the first political recognition of women in our continent. Despite this background, Colombia is the latest Latin American state which granted women's suffrage (1954) while in Argentina there were several failed attempts until the national law of 1947. The decision of the Assembly of Velez can be considered a clear indication of the transition of women from 'object of writing' to 'subject of the action'. But it is not the only one : in this thesis we will argue that in the writings of nineteenth-century men, who were considered forgers of the nation, there appear traces of that transition. Specifically, the look will be on how the woman is built as an "object", observing the characteristics and also the gaps that show this transition. Contrary to what is expected from a mechanical view of cause and effect, the woman was not always written 'negatively' but was included in a force field in which the senses vie with each other. This thesis seeks to uncover the different and sometimes contradictory figurations of the women that appear in texts written by me of the nineteenth century concerned about the founding of the nation
Drapeau, Jean-François. "Les grandes démonstrations Laurier dans la province de Québec, 1895-1904." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25852/25852.pdf.
Full textLarge, Pierre-François. "Sociologie d'un espace urbain : du marché au Forum des Halles." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070039.
Full textThis research work is devoted to the sociological study of a Parisian site, namely the district known as "les halles", from the time of the very first market to an in depth observation of today's "forum des halles". It will first consider relevant architectural, political and socially historical elements in the development of this site, especially those concerning the construction of the Baltard pavilions, their destruction and the subsequent replacement by the present forum. Furthermore, this research comprises a thorough examination of the forum itself, including a description and definition of its users along with their utilization and organization of the area. In conclusion, it will consider the importance of the forum to the commercialization of urban Paris
Champier, Manon. "L’invention d’Athéna : la réception d’une déesse antique dans l’imagerie officielle et la mise en scène du pouvoir du grand XIXe siècle français (1789-1914)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20031.
Full textAthena’s reception in official imagery and pictures of power in the French 19th century shows the public authority’s legitimization processes, using the antic heritage. The period studied by this research (1789-1914) bears the marks of a precarious politic context, with unstable regimes and aims to highlight the distinctive characteristics and constants of these mechanisms. Archeological and historical researches of the 19th century build a more complete portrait of Athena, giving more importance to her iconography, and progressively distinguishing her from the Roman goddess, Minerva. Great warrior goddess, gifted with mètis, patroness of heroes, arts and crafts in Antiquity, Athena becomes, in a post-polytheism context, the allegory of Wisdom, the representative of Greece and its heritage, the protector of all intellectual and artistic activities and the guide of French rulers. She is used in imagery of military and cultural administrations, but also in power’s protection in general, and all its manifestations to the public, such as law’s field. Figure of legitimization, she can also embody power, regularly personifying high entities like France, Motherland or the Republic, being in competition with the allegory of Liberty, with the Phrygian hat
Barbier, Jonathan. "Les républiques de François‐Vincent Raspail : entre mythes et réalités." Thesis, Avignon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AVIG1159/document.
Full textThis thesis in contemporary history deals with the life of the republicain and chemist François-Vincent Raspail (1794-1878). Its objective is to understand that is the republicanisme in the XIXth century. To do so, throughout the case of Raspail, we attempt to capture the evolution of the republicain ideas at the individual level . In addition, Raspail has the particularity to combine political and scientific theories. Finally, the political myths surrounding Raspail are analyzed and deconstructed : the tireless fighter, the incorruptible man and the doctor to the poor
Salle, Muriel. "L’avers d’une Belle Époque : genre et altérité dans les pratiques et les discours d’Alexandre Lacassagne (1843-1924), médecin lyonnais." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20050/document.
Full textThe following pages will retrace the personal and professional path of the Lyonnais doctor Alexandre Lacassagne (1843-1924), an intellectual from the end of the 19th century who founded anthropological criminology and the school of criminology that would go down in history known as the “école lyonnaise”. Having done his studies at a military school he belonged to that generation of men and Republicans who had been forged by the fires of the Franco-Prussian war, the fall of the Empire and the beginnings of colonial and Republican adventures. The reconstitution of his professional networks and the study of his intellectual positions show that he was an emblematic scholar of his time. His library reveals his true feelings : the analysis of the works shows an ongoing anguish, that of alterity. Of course of criminals, but also of women, of the insane, homosexuals and the “primitive” whose troubling figures contrast with the image of the carefree and unconditional faith in Progress that was quintessential of the “Belle Epoque”. Anthropology and anthropometry are at the service of a taxonomic frenzy that betrays the concern generated by all disinclination that had become intolerable. A process at the same time of essentialism and hierarchism are the foundations of a discourse justifying the ongoing exclusion of certain categories of populations rejected below the “Universel”. Lacassagne serves as a peephole to examine the “biopolitical” stakes of this exclusion. It is the obverse, the side of the coin showing the effigy- and that will be struck with the Other at the end of the century- and the portrait of a man and his time by the inventory of his aversions, which we wished to reconstruct
Carvalheiro, Cabete Susana Margarida. "A narrativa de viagem em Portugal no século XIX : alteridade e identidade nacional." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868637.
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