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Journal articles on the topic 'Reproductive'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Kennedy, Anissa, Jacob Herman, and Olav Rueppell. "Reproductive activation in honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) workers protects against abiotic and biotic stress." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1823 (2021): 20190737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0737.

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Social insect reproductives exhibit exceptional longevity instead of the classic trade-off between somatic maintenance and reproduction. Even normally sterile workers experience a significant increase in life expectancy when they assume a reproductive role. The mechanisms that enable the positive relation between the antagonistic demands of reproduction and somatic maintenance are unclear. To isolate the effect of reproductive activation, honeybee workers were induced to activate their ovaries. These reproductively activated workers were compared to controls for survival and gene expression pa

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Morton, Martin L., Maria E. Pereyra, John D. Crandall, Elizabeth A. MacDougall-Shackleton, and Thomas P. Hahn. "Reproductive Effort and Return Rates in the Mountain White-Crowned Sparrow." Condor 106, no. 1 (2004): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.1.131.

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AbstractWe analyzed return rates of high-altitude-breeding Mountain White-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha) in relation to five components of their previous season's reproductive effort: number of fledglings produced, double brooding, number of nesting attempts (first nests plus renests), total number of eggs laid, and fledging date. No relationship of return rate to reproductive effort occurred except in the case of fledging date. Fledging dates spanned a 2-month period from mid-June to mid-August. Returns of females to the study area held steady no matter when their chicks f

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Washburn, Brian E., Douglas J. Tempel, Joshua J. Millspaugh, R. J. Gutiérrez, and Mark E. Seamans. "Factors Related to Fecal Estrogens and Fecal Testosterone in California Spotted Owls." Condor 106, no. 3 (2004): 567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.3.567.

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Abstract We estimated concentrations of fecal reproductive steroid metabolites in free-ranging California Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) during the breeding season. We collected fresh fecal samples (n = 142) from 65 individual owls in the Sierra Nevada during April–August of 2001. We developed and validated radioimmunoassay procedures to quantify fecal estrogen metabolites and fecal testosterone metabolites. We used an information-theoretic approach to identify factors that might influence fecal estrogen (E), fecal testosterone (T), and fecal estrogen:testosterone ratio (E:T ra

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Wu, Wenjing, Zhenyou Huang, Shijun Zhang, et al. "Types and Fecundity of Neotenic Reproductives Produced in 5-Year-Old Orphaned Colonies of the Drywood Termite, Cryptotermes domesticus (Blattodea: Kalotermitidae)." Diversity 16, no. 4 (2024): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16040250.

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Orphaned colonies of Cryptotermes domesticus readily produce replacement reproductives and continue propagation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the production and fecundity of neotenic reproductives in 5-year-old colonies of C. domesticus after orphaning. All 15 experimental colonies were successfully re-established by the neotenic reproductive pair. Three types of neotenic reproductives with various wing-bud lengths were observed: type I with micro wing buds, type II with short wing buds, and type III with long wing buds. Four patterns of pairs made up of these neotenics, namely, type

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Bollmann, Kurt, and Heinz-Ulrich Reyer. "Reproductive Success of Water Pipits in an Alpine Environment." Condor 103, no. 3 (2001): 510–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/103.3.510.

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Abstract To understand the evolution of avian reproductive strategies it is important to assess how differences in reproductive success are related to timing of the breeding season, quality of nesting territories or breeders, or to a combination of these factors. Over three years, we studied the reproductive performance of female Water Pipits (Anthus spinoletta) in a temporally and spatially variable alpine environment. The study area covered two valley slopes that differed in the probability of nest predation, food availability, and climate. Nest predation and harsh weather were the main prox

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Elangovan, Vadamalai. "Impact of reproduction on roost selection of the Indian flying fox, Pteropus medius (Temminck, 1825)." Barbastella 16, no. 1 (2024): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14709/barbj.16.1.2023.05.

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A thorough knowledge of ecology and behaviour is a clear requirement for proper conservation and management of a species. The Indian flying fox, Pteropus medius (formerly P. giganteus Brünnich, 1782), lives gregariously in large trees and spends a considerable time at day roosts. The roost sites play vital roles in survival, reproduction and population persistence. This study describes changes in roost selection, colony size and behaviours of P. medius during reproductive and non-reproductive seasons in a large colony at Mohanlal Ganj, Lucknow (India). The colony size was significantly lower d

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Rotella, Jay J., Robert G. Clark, and Alan D. Afton. "Survival of Female Lesser Scaup: Effects of Body Size, Age, and Reproductive Effort." Condor 105, no. 2 (2003): 336–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/105.2.336.

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AbstractIn birds, larger females generally have greater breeding propensity, reproductive investment, and success than do smaller females. However, optimal female body size also depends on how natural selection acts during other parts of the life cycle. Larger female Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) produce larger eggs than do smaller females, and ducklings from larger eggs survive better than those hatching from smaller eggs. Accordingly, we examined patterns of apparent annual survival for female scaup and tested whether natural selection on female body size primarily was stabilizing, a frequen

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Sun, Qian, Jordan D. Hampton, Austin Merchant, Kenneth F. Haynes, and Xuguo Zhou. "Cooperative policing behaviour regulates reproductive division of labour in a termite." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1928 (2020): 20200780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0780.

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Reproductive conflicts are common in insect societies where helping castes retain reproductive potential. One of the mechanisms regulating these conflicts is policing, a coercive behaviour that reduces direct reproduction by other individuals. In eusocial Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps), workers or the queen act aggressively towards fertile workers, or destroy their eggs. In many termite species (order Blattodea), upon the death of the primary queen and king, workers and nymphs can differentiate into neotenic reproductives and inherit the breeding position. During this process, competition

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Victoria, A. Vekhnik, Ruf Thomas, and Bieber Claudia. "A Review on the Edible dormouse reproduction (Glis glis Linnaeus, 1766)." Journal of Wildlife and Biodiversity 6, Special issue (2022): 28–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7338112.

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The reproduction of the edible dormouse has a unique pattern. A characteristic feature of its reproductive ecology is the regular occurrence of reproductive failure years. This has been observed throughout the entire distribution range. Reproduction failure has different nature in eastern and western parts of the distributional range, depending on the tree stand composition. In the central and western parts of the area, the whole population and thus males and females do not invest in reproduction, if the yielding of broad-leaved tree species, mainly beech, is missing. During the years of beech

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Chandra, Vikram, Ingrid Fetter-Pruneda, Peter R. Oxley, et al. "Social regulation of insulin signaling and the evolution of eusociality in ants." Science 361, no. 6400 (2018): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar5723.

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Queens and workers of eusocial Hymenoptera are considered homologous to the reproductive and brood care phases of an ancestral subsocial life cycle. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of reproductive division of labor remain obscure. Using a brain transcriptomics screen, we identified a single gene,insulin-like peptide 2(ilp2), which is always up-regulated in ant reproductives, likely because they are better nourished than their nonreproductive nestmates. In clonal raider ants (Ooceraea biroi), larval signals inhibit adult reproduction by suppressingilp2, thus producing

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Gandini, Patricia, Esteban Frere, and P. Dee Boersma. "Status and conservation of Magellanic PenguinsSpheniscus magellanicusin Patagonia, Argentina." Bird Conservation International 6, no. 4 (1996): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900001787.

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SummaryThere are 36 breeding colonies of Magellanic PenguinsSpheniscus magellanicusalong the coast of mainland Argentina. During the breeding period we counted the number of active nests and estimated the breeding population was approximately 652,000 pairs. Development of coastal areas is diminishing the quality of Magellanic Penguin breeding habitat and reducing penguin reproductive success. Adult mortality rates are increasing because of human activities. Maritime petroleum traffic and petroleum operations are known to cause mortality. Fishing activities cause incidental mortality and may ne

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Porneluzi, Paul A. "Prior Breeding Success Affects Return Rates of Territorial Male Ovenbirds." Condor 105, no. 1 (2003): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/105.1.73.

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AbstractI examined the hypothesis that male Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapillus) make breeding dispersal decisions based on prior breeding experience at a site. I determined the reproductive success of color-banded male Ovenbirds at sites in fragmented and unfragmented landscapes in Missouri from 1992–1995. I documented which individuals returned and I recorded their reproductive success upon return as well as the success of birds new to each plot. I obtained similar results in both landscapes. Males with different histories of reproductive success returned at different rates. Only 2 of 22 males t

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Rubenstein, Dustin R., Carlos A. Botero, and Eileen A. Lacey. "Discrete but variable structure of animal societies leads to the false perception of a social continuum." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 5 (2016): 160147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160147.

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Animal societies are typically divided into those in which reproduction within a group is monopolized by a single female versus those in which it is shared among multiple females. It remains controversial, however, whether these two forms of social structure represent distinct evolutionary outcomes or endpoints along a continuum of reproductive options. To address this issue and to determine whether vertebrates and insects exhibit the same patterns of variation in social structure, we examined the demographic and reproductive structures of 293 species of wasps, ants, birds and mammals. Using p

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Webster, M. M., and K. N. Laland. "Reproductive state affects reliance on public information in sticklebacks." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1705 (2010): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1562.

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The degree to which animals use public and private sources of information has important implications for research in both evolutionary ecology and cultural evolution. While researchers are increasingly interested in the factors that lead individuals to vary in the manner in which they use different sources of information, to date little is known about how an animal's reproductive state might affect its reliance on social learning. Here, we provide experimental evidence that in foraging ninespine sticklebacks ( Pungitius pungitius ), gravid females increase their reliance on public information

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Hasegawa, Shigeaki, and Hiroshi Takeda. "Functional specialization of current shoots as a reproductive strategy in Japanese alder (Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica)." Canadian Journal of Botany 79, no. 1 (2001): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-143.

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Current shoots, which form the crown of a tree, are specialized in various functions such as crown expansion, reproduction, and assimilation. We examined the temporal and spatial distribution of reproductive shoots in Alnus hirsuta Turcz. var. sibirica (Fischer) C.K. Schn., assessed their direct and indirect costs of reproduction, and explained their distribution in the crown as the reproductive strategy of a current shoot population. The upper and lower limits to the lengths of current shoots for reproductive growth (flower formation) were 40 and 10 cm, respectively. Reproductive 1-year-old s

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Belk, Mark C., Peter J. Meyers, and J. Curtis Creighton. "Bigger Is Better, Sometimes: The Interaction between Body Size and Carcass Size Determines Fitness, Reproductive Strategies, and Senescence in Two Species of Burying Beetles." Diversity 13, no. 12 (2021): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13120662.

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The cost of reproduction hypothesis suggests that allocation to current reproduction constrains future reproduction. How organisms accrue reproductive costs and allocate energy across their lifetime may differ among species adapted to different resource types. We test this by comparing lifetime reproductive output, patterns of reproductive allocation, and senescence between two species of burying beetles, Nicrophorus marginatus and N. guttula, that differ in body size, across a range of carcass sizes. These two species of burying beetles maximized lifetime reproductive output on somewhat diffe

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ANDREOU, D., M. HUSSEY, S. W. GRIFFITHS, and R. E. GOZLAN. "Influence of host reproductive state onSphaerothecum destruensprevalence and infection level." Parasitology 138, no. 1 (2010): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182010000983.

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SUMMARYSphaerothecum destruensis an obligate intracellular parasite with the potential to cause high mortalities and spawning inhibition in the endangered cyprinidLeucaspius delineatus. We investigated the influence ofL. delineatus’s reproductive state on the prevalence and infection level ofS. destruens. A novel real time quantitative polymerarse chain reaction (qPCR) was developed to determineS. destruens’ prevalence and infection level. These parameters were quantified and compared in reproductive and non-reproductiveL. delineatus. The detection limit of theS. destruensspecific qPCR was det

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Chak, Solomon Tin Chi, J. Emmett Duffy, and Dustin R. Rubenstein. "Reproductive skew drives patterns of sexual dimorphism in sponge-dwelling snapping shrimps." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1809 (2015): 20150342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0342.

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Sexual dimorphism is typically a result of strong sexual selection on male traits used in male–male competition and subsequent female choice. However, in social species where reproduction is monopolized by one or a few individuals in a group, selection on secondary sexual characteristics may be strong in both sexes. Indeed, sexual dimorphism is reduced in many cooperatively breeding vertebrates and eusocial insects with totipotent workers, presumably because of increased selection on female traits. Here, we examined the relationship between sexual dimorphism and sociality in eight species of S

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Clark, Nathaniel L., Jan E. Aagaard, and Willie J. Swanson. "Evolution of reproductive proteins from animals and plants." Reproduction 131, no. 1 (2006): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00357.

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Sexual reproduction is a fundamental biological process common among eukaryotes. Because of the significance of reproductive proteins to fitness, the diversity and rapid divergence of proteins acting at many stages of reproduction is surprising and suggests a role of adaptive diversification in reproductive protein evolution. Here we review the evolution of reproductive proteins acting at different stages of reproduction among animals and plants, emphasizing common patterns. Although we are just beginning to understand these patterns, by making comparisons among stages of reproduction for dive

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Kustan, Jacqueline M., Karen P. Maruska, and Russell D. Fernald. "Subordinate male cichlids retain reproductive competence during social suppression." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1728 (2011): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0997.

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Subordinate males, which are excluded from reproduction often save energy by reducing their investment in sperm production. However, if their position in a dominance hierarchy changes suddenly they should also rapidly attain fertilization capability. Here, we asked how social suppression and ascension to dominance influences sperm quality, spermatogenesis and reproductive competence in the cichlid Astatotilapia burtoni , where reproduction is tightly coupled to social status. Dominant territorial (T) males are reproductively active while subordinate non-territorial (NT) males are suppressed, b

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Persson, Jens. "Female wolverine (Gulo gulo) reproduction: reproductive costs and winter food availability." Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, no. 11 (2005): 1453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-143.

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An individual has only a given amount of resources, and therefore an increase in one demographic trait results in a trade-off that necessitates a decrease in a different demographic trait. In general, the main factor determining an individual mammal's reproductive investment is food supply. This study addresses how female wolverine (Gulo gulo (L., 1758)) reproduction is limited. I tested two complementary hypotheses: (1) current reproduction is affected by the costs of reproduction in the preceding year and (2) current reproduction is affected by food availability in the current winter. I addr

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Sheller, Mimi. "The reproduction of reproduction: theorizing reproductive (im)mobilities." Mobilities 15, no. 2 (2020): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2020.1730608.

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Tsuchida, Koji, Takaharu Saigo, Kazuyuki Asai, et al. "Reproductive workers insufficiently signal their reproductive ability in a paper wasp." Behavioral Ecology 31, no. 2 (2020): 577–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arz212.

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Abstract Why workers forfeit direct reproduction is a crucial question in eusocial evolution. Worker reproduction provides an excellent opportunity to understand the mechanism of kin conflict resolution between the queen and workers. We evaluated behavioral and physiological differences among females in the paper wasp Polistes chinensis antennalis to examine why some workers reproduce under queenright conditions. Reproductive workers were old and foraged less early in the season; their cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles overlapped with those of queens but were significantly different. The di

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Ho, J. D., N. A. Moltschaniwskyj, and C. G. Carter. "The effect of variability in growth on somatic condition and reproductive status in the southern calamary Sepioteuthis australis." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 4 (2004): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03149.

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The aim of the present study was to determine how the lifetime growth rates of adult southern calamary Sepioteuthis australis related to somatic and reproductive condition. A hierarchy of biological levels was explored: whole-animal, muscle fibre, and proximal condition. Evidence at all biological levels suggested that allocation of energy given to growth and reproduction was gender-specific. Females may not be allocating the same level of energy to somatic growth due to a greater requirement to re-allocate energy for reproductive growth. There was evidence that faster-growing males were in be

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Joana da Costa Freitas. "Animal Reproduction as a Natural Mechanism for Maintaining Population Stability." Journal of Academic Science 2, no. 5 (2025): 1323–32. https://doi.org/10.59613/6asnew63.

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Animal reproduction plays a critical role in maintaining population stability and ensuring the survival of species within their respective ecosystems. This qualitative study, based on a comprehensive literature review, examines the natural mechanisms through which animal reproduction contributes to population regulation. Reproductive strategies, including sexual and asexual reproduction, as well as reproductive behaviors like mating systems, parental investment, and birth timing, are analyzed to understand their impact on population dynamics. The study explores how factors such as genetic dive

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Masuoka, Yudai, Keigo Nuibe, Naoto Hayase, Takateru Oka, and Kiyoto Maekawa. "Reproductive Soldier Development Is Controlled by Direct Physical Interactions with Reproductive and Soldier Termites." Insects 12, no. 1 (2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12010076.

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In eusocial insects (e.g., ants, bees, and termites), the roles of different castes are assigned to different individuals. These castes possess unique phenotypes that are specialized for specific tasks. The acquisition of sterile individuals with specific roles is considered a requirement for social evolution. In termites, the soldier is a sterile caste. In primitive taxa (family Archotermopsidae and Stolotermitidae), however, secondary reproductives (neotenic reproductives) with their mandibles developed into weapons (so-called reproductive soldiers, also termed as soldier-headed reproductive

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Arango-Diago, Santiago, Dennis Castillo-Figueroa, Juan Albarracín-Caro, and Jairo Pérez-Torres. "Dietary variation and reproductive status of Mormoops megalophylla (Chiroptera: Mormoopidae) in a cave of Northeastern Andes from Colombia." Mastozoología Neotropical 27, no. 2 (2020): 258–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14821209.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Dietary studies of insectivorous bats are critical for a comprehensive analysis of their ecological role in pest control. Several factors including seasonality, reproductive status and sex may in uence dietary specialization. However, data on insectivorous bat diet are scarce, especially in Mormoopidae family. Here, we analyzed the dietary variation of Mormoops megalophylla (Peters, 1864) between sexes, reproductive states and climatic seasons in Macaregua cave, located in Northeastern Andes of Colombia. We collected fecal samples and vaginal

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Holekamp, Kay E., and Scott Nunes. "Seasonal variation in body weight, fat, and behavior of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 6 (1989): 1425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-202.

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Annual cycles of activity and reproduction were documented in a population of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) in coastal California. Behavior, body mass, and reproduction were monitored in marked individuals between November 1983 and January 1986 through regular focal animal observation and livetrapping. Mass measures for reproductive tracts and gonadal fat pads were concurrently collected from a separate population of animals sacrificed in the laboratory. Mass and feeding behavior varied with sex and age. Surface activity, body weight, fat pad mass, and food consumption ap

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Morin, A., M. Rughetti, S. Rioux-Paquette, and M. Festa-Bianchet. "Older conservatives: reproduction in female Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) is increasingly risk-averse with age." Canadian Journal of Zoology 94, no. 5 (2016): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0153.

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In long-lived mammals, costs of reproduction may vary with age. The terminal investment hypothesis predicts greater reproductive effort as females approach the end of their life expectancy. We monitored 97 individually marked female Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra (L., 1758)) between 2007 and 2013 to determine how age-specific reproduction affected body mass and subsequent reproductive success. We captured and weighed females between April and August and monitored reproductive success from April to October through mother–kid associations. Reproductive success was strongly age-dependent and

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Sukriani, Wahidah, and Riny Natalina. "Pengenalan Organ Reproduksi pada Remaja Putri di SMA Isen Mulang Kota Palangka Raya." PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (2018): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/pengabdianmu.v3i2.384.

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Talking about reproductive health is still considered sacred and taboo for some people in Indonesia. Reproductive Health is a topic that woman need to know to have the right information about the reproductive process that begins with the reproductive organs. Problems related to reproductive health often stem from a lack of information, understanding, and awareness to achieve a healthy state of reproduction With the right information, it is expected that adolescents have a responsible attitude and behavior regarding the reproductive process. The purpose of this community service is to introduce

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Frohlick, Sue, Kristin Lozanski, Amy Speier, and Mimi Sheller. "Mobilities Meet Reproductive Vibes . . ." Transfers 9, no. 1 (2019): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2019.090108.

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What mobilizes people to take up reproductive options, directions, and trajectories in ways that generate the possibilities and practices of mobilities? People’s desires for procreation or to resolve fertility challenges or partake in sperm donation, egg freezing, or surrogacy; the need for abortion services; and forced evacuation for childbirth care all involve movement. Reproductive aspirations, norms, and regulations move people’s bodies, as well as related technologies and bioproducts. At the same time, these corporeal, material, in/tangible mobilities of bodies, things, and ideas are also

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Vicentin, Maria Cristina Gonçalves, and Daniel Adolpho Dantin Assis. "Niñas en el sistema de justicia brasileño: El necesario debate sobre los derechos sexuales y reproductivos (Girls in the Brazilian Justice System: The Necessary Debate on Sexual and Reproductive Rights)." Oñati Socio-legal Series 10, no. 2 (2020): 388–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1072.

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En este artículo presentamos el debate brasileño sobre los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en su condición de derechos políticos que pueden favorecer avances significativos en la concepción y ampliación de los derechos de niñas, niños y adolescentes principalmente referidos al concepto de autonomía. A través de la revisión de los marcos legales y de la literatura, específicamente relacionados a las niñas en el sistema de justicia brasileño, evidenciamos tensiones entre el ejercicio de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos y las respectivas prácticas institucionales. Consideramos que es funda

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Chateauneuf, Doris. "Projet familial, infertilité et désir d’enfant : usages et expériences de la procréation médicalement assistée en contexte québécois." Enfances, Familles, Générations, no. 15 (March 2, 2012): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1008146ar.

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Les couples qui rencontrent des problèmes d’infertilité et qui cherchent une solution pour leur désir d’enfant se tournent pour la plupart vers la médecine reproductive, celle-ci faisant office d’autorité quant aux questions relatives à la grossesse et à la reproduction. La valorisation de l’enfant, tant sur le plan social qu’au sein de la conjugalité, intervient dans le vécu relatif à l’infertilité et influence le regard que posent les couples sur les nouvelles technologies reproductives. À ce titre, l’étude des relations entre les médecins et les couples infertiles met en évidence les différ

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Rueger, T., T. A. Barbasch, M. Y. L. Wong, M. Srinivasan, G. P. Jones, and P. M. Buston. "Reproductive control via the threat of eviction in the clown anemonefish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1891 (2018): 20181295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1295.

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In social groups, high reproductive skew is predicted to arise when the reproductive output of a group is limited, and dominant individuals can suppress subordinate reproductive efforts. Reproductive suppression is often assumed to occur via overt aggression or the threat of eviction. It is unclear, however, whether the threat of eviction alone is sufficient to induce reproductive restraint by subordinates. Here, we test two assumptions of the restraint model of reproductive skew by investigating whether resource limitation generates reproductive competition and whether the threat of eviction

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Reekie, Edward G., Sonya Budge, and Jennifer L. Baltzer. "The shape of the trade-off function between reproduction and future performance in Plantago major and Plantago rugelii." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 2 (2002): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b01-146.

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There is a paucity of data describing the nature of the trade-off function between reproduction and future performance. Most studies implicitly assume it is a linear function such that allocation of resources to reproduction results in a proportional decline in future survival and reproduction. We reanalyse data from a field experiment with half-sib families of Plantago major L. that suggests this relationship is in fact curvilinear. Low levels of reproductive investment had relatively little impact on future performance and higher levels of investment had a larger impact. To explain this curv

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Wadood, Armughan Ahmed, and Xiquan Zhang. "The Omics Revolution in Understanding Chicken Reproduction: A Comprehensive Review." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 46, no. 6 (2024): 6248–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb46060373.

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Omics approaches have significantly contributed to our understanding of several aspects of chicken reproduction. This review paper gives an overview of the use of omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to elucidate the mechanisms of chicken reproduction. Genomics has transformed the study of chicken reproduction by allowing the examination of the full genetic makeup of chickens, resulting in the discovery of genes associated with reproductive features and disorders. Transcriptomics has provided insights into the gene expression patterns and regulator

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Bennett, Nigel C., Christopher G. Faulkes, and Cornelia Voigt. "Socially Induced Infertility in Naked and Damaraland Mole-Rats: A Tale of Two Mechanisms of Social Suppression." Animals 12, no. 21 (2022): 3039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12213039.

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The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) and the Damaraland mole-rat (Fukomys damarensis) possess extreme reproductive skew with a single reproductive female responsible for reproduction. In this review, we synthesize advances made into African mole-rat reproductive patterns and physiology within the context of the social control of reproduction. Non-reproductive female colony members have low concentrations of luteinising hormone (LH) and a reduced response of the pituitary to a challenge with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). If the reproductive female is removed from the colony, an i

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Reekie, Edward G. "An explanation for size-dependent reproductive allocation in Plantago major." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 1 (1998): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-160.

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This study examined whether variation in reproductive allocation with size could be explained by differences in the trade-off between reproduction and growth. Seeds from 42 half-sibling families were collected from sites differing in mowing frequency and availability of light, nutrients, and water. Six seedlings from each family were grown in controlled environments and photoperiod manipulations were used to control reproduction. Mass of vegetative and reproductive plants of the same family were compared to assess the trade-off between reproduction and growth. Families collected from habitats

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Oliveira Menegassi, Silvio R., Julio O. Jardim Barcellos, Celso Koetz Júnior, et al. "Annual breeding soundness evaluation of rams." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias 27, no. 2 (2014): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.324886.

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Summary Background: breeding soundness evaluation (BSE) of males is crucial for reproductive success in sheep production systems. Objective: to determine the causes of failure when annual BSE was used to evaluate reproductive performance of rams. Methods: we analyzed 1,017 reproductive assessment records and assigned animals to young or mature groups. Animals were classified as approved or failed in the BSE. Statistical analyses were performed through Chi-square tests, correlation, and factor analyses. Results: our results clearly show the importance of regularly performing BSE to detect poten

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Zagel, Hannah. "Reproduction policy as life course policy: normative modelling of reproductive life courses in Germany." Zeitschrift für Sozialreform 70, no. 1 (2024): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zsr-2023-0011.

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Abstract This paper investigates how familialist repronormativity, pro-natalism and reproductive autonomy feature as normative models for reproductive life courses in Germany’s current landscape of reproduction policies. Life course research has largely overlooked reproduction as a life course sphere, which is subject to state intervention and strong institutionalised normative assumptions about whether, when and how people should procreate. Drawing on policy documents and a new policy database, this paper compares the current state of reproduction policies in five policy fields (sex education

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Jannah, Miftachul, Pedvin Ratna Meikawati, and Swasti Artanti. "Reproduksi Sehat, Remaja Sehat di Posyandu Remaja Pashmina." Jurnal ABDIMAS-HIP : Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (2021): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37402/abdimaship.vol2.iss2.152.

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Adolescents are people aged 12 to 24 years. Adolescence is a transition from childhood to adulthood. This means that the process of introduction and knowledge of reproductive health has actually started at this time. In simple terms, reproduction comes from the word "re" which means to return and "production" which means to make or produce. Reproductive health, as part of general health, is thus also a human right of every person, both men and women. Women's human rights are regulated in Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights Article 3 paragraph (3) which states that everyone has the ri

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Vekhnik, Victoria Alexandrovna. "Reproductive activity of male edible dormice (Glis glis L., 1766) in the peripheral population." Samara Journal of Science 5, no. 2 (2016): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20162103.

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The edible dormouse is a dendrobiont hibernating rodent breeding once a year. A peculiarity of the species biology is regular reproduction failure in non-mast years. In the center of the area it occurs due to the lack of male reproductive activity. In the studied population on the eastern periphery of the dormouse area previous studies proved the decisive role of mass resorption of embryos at females in the process. The dynamics of males reproductive activity and its impact on the reproduction were not considered previously in detail. In this work the periodicity and intensity of reproductive

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Vasilieva, N. A., and A. V. Tchabovsky. "Timing is the only thing: reproduction in female yellow ground squirrels (Spermophilus fulvus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 92, no. 8 (2014): 737–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0084.

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Based on 4-year field observations of yellow ground squirrels (Spermophilus fulvus (Lichtenstein, 1823)), we determined whether female reproductive effort, annual reproductive success, and survival were dependent on age, body condition, time of emergence from hibernation, and previous reproduction. The probability of weaning a litter did not vary with female age, body condition, time of emergence, or previous reproduction. Litter size, litter mass, and offspring survival did not vary with age, whereas individual offspring mass was lower in yearlings than in older females. Body condition upon e

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Gvoždík, Lumír. "Does reproduction influence temperature preferences in newts?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, no. 8 (2005): 1038–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-096.

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The influence of reproduction on body temperatures preferred in a laboratory thermal gradient has been studied mostly in ectotherms that are either viviparous or oviparous with prolonged egg retention. In this study I investigated whether reproduction influences temperature preferences in the Italian crested newt, Triturus carnifex (Laurenti, 1768), whose females do not carry embryos in utero (strict oviparity). I compared preferred temperatures and locomotor activity among reproductive females, non-reproductive females, and males in an aquatic thermal gradient (5–32.5 °C) over 24 h. Reproduct

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Barve, Sahas, Christina Riehl, Eric L. Walters, Joseph Haydock, Hannah L. Dugdale, and Walter D. Koenig. "Lifetime reproductive benefits of cooperative polygamy vary for males and females in the acorn woodpecker ( Melanerpes formicivorus )." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1957 (2021): 20210579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0579.

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Cooperative breeding strategies lead to short-term direct fitness losses when individuals forfeit or share reproduction. The direct fitness benefits of cooperative strategies are often delayed and difficult to quantify, requiring data on lifetime reproduction. Here, we use a longitudinal dataset to examine the lifetime reproductive success of cooperative polygamy in acorn woodpeckers ( Melanerpes formicivorus ), which nest as lone pairs or share reproduction with same-sex cobreeders. We found that males and females produced fewer young per successful nesting attempt when sharing reproduction.

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Vargo, Edward. "Diversity of Termite Breeding Systems." Insects 10, no. 2 (2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10020052.

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Termites are social insects that live in colonies headed by reproductive castes. The breeding system is defined by the number of reproductive individuals in a colony and the castes to which they belong. There is tremendous variation in the breeding system of termites both within and among species. The current state of our understanding of termite breeding systems is reviewed. Most termite colonies are founded by a primary (alate-derived) king and queen who mate and produce the other colony members. In some species, colonies continue throughout their life span as simple families headed by the o

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Wang, Yinhua, Xin Lyu, Xinyi Tian, et al. "Shift in the Reproductive Strategies of Phragmites australis Under Combined Influences of Salinity and Tidal Level Changes." Agronomy 15, no. 7 (2025): 1587. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071587.

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Understanding how clonal plants modulate their reproductive strategies under environmental fluctuations is critical for assessing their resilience amid rapid global change. Phragmites australis, a dominant clonal plant species in coastal wetlands worldwide, provides vital ecological and agricultural services. As coastal wetlands are currently impacted by sea level rise, P. australis faces both salinity and tidal level changes. However, the effects of the combined influences of these two abiotic factors on the reproductive strategy of P. australis remain unclear. We conducted a mesocosm experim

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Hess, B. W., S. L. Lake, E. J. Scholljegerdes, et al. "Nutritional controls of beef cow reproduction." Journal of Animal Science 83, suppl_13 (2005): E90—E106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2005.8313_supple90x.

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Abstract The livestock industry and animal scientists have long recognized the importance of proper nutrition for cattle to achieve reproductive success. Timely resumption of estrus following parturition is a major milestone that a cow must reach for optimal reproduction. Dynamic interplay among all strata of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-ovarian axis occurs during the cow's transition from postpartum anestrus to reproductive competence. The reproductive axis integrates a milieu of nutritionally related signals that directly or indirectly affect reproduction. Directing nutritional inputs toward

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Abe, Neeraj, and Sathyaraj Venkatesan. "Reproductive Autonomy, Graphic Reproduction, and The Elephant in the Womb." Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 68, no. 1 (2025): 99–116. https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2025.a953456.

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abstract: Reproductive autonomy is an integral aspect of female reproduction, but this autonomy is endangered by the control and surveillance of pregnant bodies by institutional structures, laws, and cultural norms. These restrictions deprive women of the freedom to make informed choices, ranging from decisions concerning prenatal care and reproductive procedures to abortion, violating fundamental human rights and bodily autonomy. This article examines how Kalki Koechlin’s graphic memoir The Elephant in the Womb (2021) advances and nuances the discourses surrounding reproductive autonomy and o

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Ward, SJ. "Reproduction in the Western Pygmy-Possum, Cercartetus-Concinnus (Marsupialia, Burramyidae), With Notes on Reproduction of Some Other Small Possum Species." Australian Journal of Zoology 38, no. 4 (1990): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9900423.

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The patterns of breeding and reproduction in Cercartetus concinnus were investigated through the histology of specimens in Australian museums, field observations in north-western Victoria, and published accounts. Histology of the reproductive tracts of museum specimens of female C. nanus, C. lepidus, Acrobates pygmaeus and Distoechurus pennatus was also undertaken to elaborate on reproduction in these species. Young of C. concinnus are born in most months, and some reproductively active males are probably present at all times of the year. Embryonic diapause occurs during the unilaminar blastoc

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