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Journal articles on the topic 'Reptiles Development'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Lemos-Espinal, Julio A., and Geoffrey R. Smith. "A conservation checklist of the herpetofauna of Morelos, with comparisons with adjoining states." ZooKeys 941 (June 16, 2020): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.52011.

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Despite being one of the smallest states in Mexico, the high diversity of habitats in Morelos has led to the development of a rich biota made up of a mixture of species typical of the Neovolcanic Axis and the Sierra Madre del Sur. However, recent expansion of cities in Morelos is likely to have consequences for the state’s herpetofauna. Here a checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Morelos is provided with a summary of their conservation status and overlap with its neighboring states. Morelos is home to 139 species of amphibians and reptiles representing 32 families and 75 genera. Twenty-

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2

Xia, Tian, Honghai Zhang, Lei Zhang, Xiufeng Yang, Guolei Sun, Jun Chen, Dajie Xu, and Chao Zhao. "Comparative and evolutionary analysis of the reptilian hedgehog gene family (Shh, Dhh, and Ihh)." PeerJ 7 (August 30, 2019): e7613. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7613.

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The hedgehog signaling pathway plays a vital role in human and animal patterning and cell proliferation during the developmental process. The hedgehog gene family of vertebrate species includes three genes, Shh, Dhh, and Ihh, which possess different functions and expression patterns. Despite the importance of hedgehog genes, genomic evidence of this gene family in reptiles is lacking. In this study, the available genomes of a number of representative reptile species were explored by utilizing adaptive evolutionary analysis methods to characterize the evolutionary patterns of the hedgehog gene

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3

Sugiarto, Daniel. "PENGEMBANGAN MODUL ANATOMI REPTIL DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI MAOSPATI MAGETAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATA KULIAH STRUKTUR HEWAN DI IKIP PGRI MADIUN." Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya 3, no. 1 (December 20, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/florea.v3i1.781.

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<p>During this time the students learning system, especially on the structure of animals in biology education IKIP PGRI MADIUN. information presented in the form of modules still no or less so difficult to accept students in particular about the material or preparations that are less known as well as local reptile anatomy that is found around the neighborhood students. The aim of developing local reptile anatomy modules in subjects animal structure. Research using 4-D<br />model of development (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Results of development in the form of draft modul

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4

Russell, Anthony P., and M. W. J. Ferguson. "The Structure, Development and Evolution of Reptiles." Copeia 1986, no. 3 (August 4, 1986): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1444977.

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5

Cloudsley-Thompson, J. L. "The Structure, Development and Evolution of Reptiles." Journal of Arid Environments 9, no. 2 (September 1985): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)31500-3.

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6

Russell, Findlay E. "The structure, development and evolution of reptiles." Toxicon 23, no. 6 (January 1985): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(85)90399-x.

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7

Clulow, John, and Simon Clulow. "Cryopreservation and other assisted reproductive technologies for the conservation of threatened amphibians and reptiles: bringing the ARTs up to speed." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 8 (2016): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd15466.

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Amphibians and reptiles are experiencing serious declines, with the number of threatened species and extinctions growing rapidly as the modern biodiversity crisis unfolds. For amphibians, the panzootic of chytridiomycosis is a major driver. For reptiles, habitat loss and harvesting from the wild are key threats. Cryopreservation and other assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) could play a role in slowing the loss of amphibian and reptile biodiversity and managing threatened populations through genome storage and the production of live animals from stored material. These vertebrate classes

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8

Turak, Eren, Alex Bush, Jocelyn Dela-Cruz, and Megan Powell. "Freshwater Reptile Persistence and Conservation in Cities: Insights from Species Occurrence Records." Water 12, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030651.

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Reptiles are rarely included in urban freshwater biodiversity monitoring and conservation. We explored the global persistence of freshwater dependent turtles, lizards, crocodilians and snakes in cities with a population greater than 100,000 using species occurrence data in online databases from a five-year period (2013–2018). We then used ecological niche models to help identify the locations of suitable habitats for three freshwater reptile species in Sydney, Australia. Our Global analysis showed that sightings of a majority of known species of crocodilians and freshwater turtles were recorde

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9

McDowell, Samuel B. "Wide Ranging on Reptiles The Structure, Development and Evolution of Reptiles Mark W. J. Ferguson." BioScience 36, no. 3 (March 1986): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1310325.

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10

Sun, Bao-Jun, Teng Li, Yi Mu, Jessica K. McGlashan, Arthur Georges, Richard Shine, and Wei-Guo Du. "Thyroid hormone modulates offspring sex ratio in a turtle with temperature-dependent sex determination." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1841 (October 26, 2016): 20161206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1206.

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The adaptive significance of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) has attracted a great deal of research, but the underlying mechanisms by which temperature determines the sex of a developing embryo remain poorly understood. Here, we manipulated the level of a thyroid hormone (TH), triiodothyronine (T 3 ), during embryonic development (by adding excess T 3 to the eggs of the red-eared slider turtle Trachemys scripta , a reptile with TSD), to test two competing hypotheses on the proximate basis for TSD: the developmental rate hypothesis versus the hormone hypothesis . Exogenous TH acce

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11

Hulbert, AJ, and PL Else. "Mammalian metabolism: insights from arid zone reptiles." Australian Mammalogy 26, no. 1 (2004): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am04111.

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Mammals, being endotherms have very high metabolic rates compared to ectothermic reptiles. Similarly, small mammals have high rates of mass-specific metabolism compared to larger mammals. This review examines the mechanistic basis of why particular mammal species have a specific metabolic rate. Initial studies compared mammals with arid zone reptile species of the same size and Tb. Mammals have larger internal organs, with more mitochondrial membrane surface area than the reptiles. The cells of mammals are leakier to Na+ ions and their mitochondrial membranes are leakier to H+ ions than in rep

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12

Thigpen, Christopher, Logan Best, and Troy Camarata. "Comparative morphology and allometry of select extant cryptodiran turtle kidneys." Zoomorphology 139, no. 1 (September 28, 2019): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00435-019-00463-3.

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Abstract Reptile, avian, and mammalian species all possess a metanephric kidney to maintain fluid homeostasis. The physiology of the kidney is intimately related to tissue organization and gross morphology, which is dependent upon organ size, animal habitat, and body plan. Reptiles have significant variations in body plan and as a result have differences in visceral organ placement and morphology. One organ that appears to show great morphological variation is the reptilian kidney found in Crocodylia, Testudines, and Squamata (Sauria and Ophidia). However, limited research has been conducted t

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13

Stets, O. V. "Parasites of panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) grown in captivity and brought from the wild." Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety 5, no. 4 (December 10, 2019): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/jvmbbs-2019-5-4-4.

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Reptile parasites imported from the wild differ from those grown in captivity. Thus, captive-grown reptiles tolerate the process of disadaptation better than imported wild animals, even under proper conditions of keeping and feeding. It should be noted that determining the origin of reptiles is sometimes difficult or impossible. For this, special methods are needed. In this regard, the purpose of research was to confirm or refute the theory, in reptiles from different places of residence, various parasites are found. We studied panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) imported from the wild and

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14

Novruzov, Nizami Enver, and Sabina Nizami Bunyatova. "Modern state and perspectives of amphibian and reptile synantropisation in anthropocoenosiss of Eastern Azerbaijan." Samara Journal of Science 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201762113.

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Three species of amphibians and 21 species of reptiles were found on the investigated anthropogenically transformed territories of the eastern part of Azerbaijan, which was 32% of 75 species representing the herpetofauna of the republic as a whole. A consistent decrease in the abundance and index of species diversity was revealed with an increase in the degree of development of the territory and the level of anthropogenic impact. The ratio of species in anthropocoenosiss varied depending on the size of their areas. The recreational pressing has presumably less influence on the numbers, but mor

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15

SAN-MARTÍN-ÓRDENES, JULIO, SEBASTIÁN MUÑOZ-LEAL, CARLOS F. GARÍN, and DANIEL GONZÁLEZ-ACUÑA. "A systematic review of parasites and micropredators of non-avian reptiles (Reptilia=Sauropsida) in Chile." Zootaxa 4543, no. 3 (January 7, 2019): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4543.3.1.

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Knowledge about the identity of parasites in vertebrates is relevant because of their influence on ecological processes and health of their hosts. This is particularly important for groups of animals currently facing conservation issues, such as reptiles. The diversity of species and supra-specific taxa of microparasites and macroparasites (such as helminths and arthropods) present in non-avian reptiles in Chile was analyzed through a systematic review. A total of 49 scientific documents (thesis projects, abstracts in congresses, book chapters and peer-reviewed articles) concerning parasites,

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16

Chuliuk, W. I. "Features of the usage of antibiotics in herpetology." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 23, no. 101 (April 5, 2021): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10111.

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The article summarizes the literature data on the frequency and causes of diseases of reptiles, the peculiarities of their infection with bacterial microorganisms, the use of antimicrobial drugs and the development of antibiotic resistance. It should be noted that the use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs in veterinary herpetology has its own characteristics, due primarily to the peculiarities of thermoregulation and metabolism in reptiles, the nature of the pathogenic microflora inherent in these animals. In reptiles, infection with gram-negative microorganisms is more common: ente

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17

Whittaker, Alexandra L., Brianna Golder-Dewar, Jordyn L. Triggs, Sally L. Sherwen, and David J. McLelland. "Identification of Animal-Based Welfare Indicators in Captive Reptiles: A Delphi Consultation Survey." Animals 11, no. 7 (July 5, 2021): 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11072010.

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There is an increasing focus on evidence-based welfare assessment by animal care staff in zoos, along with a strong interest in animal welfare by the zoo-visiting public, to the extent that this can influence their choice of institutions to visit. Regulatory oversight of animal welfare standards continues to strengthen across many jurisdictions. Zoos are increasingly formalizing their practices with the development and refinement of evidence-based welfare assessment tools. There has been a drive for welfare assessment tools to comprise both resource-based and animal-based measures. However, an

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18

Jensen, Bjarke, and Vincent M. Christoffels. "Reptiles as a Model System to Study Heart Development." Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 12, no. 5 (November 11, 2019): a037226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a037226.

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19

FISK, ALAN, and MARGARET TRIBE. "The development of the amnion and chorion of reptiles." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 119, no. 1 (August 21, 2009): 83–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1949.tb00870.x.

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20

Di-Poï, Nicolas, and Michel C. Milinkovitch. "The anatomical placode in reptile scale morphogenesis indicates shared ancestry among skin appendages in amniotes." Science Advances 2, no. 6 (June 2016): e1600708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600708.

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Most mammals, birds, and reptiles are readily recognized by their hairs, feathers, and scales, respectively. However, the lack of fossil intermediate forms between scales and hairs and substantial differences in their morphogenesis and protein composition have fueled the controversy pertaining to their potential common ancestry for decades. Central to this debate is the apparent lack of an “anatomical placode” (that is, a local epidermal thickening characteristic of feathers’ and hairs’ early morphogenesis) in reptile scale development. Hence, scenarios have been proposed for the independent d

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21

Preuschoft, H., H. G. Horn, and A. Christian. "Biomechanical reasons for bipedalism in reptiles." Amphibia-Reptilia 15, no. 3 (1994): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853894x00056.

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AbstractBipedal locomotion can be observed in numerous species of recent tetrapodal reptiles which usually have well developed tails and hindlimbs while the forelimbs are considerably shorter and weaker than the hindlimbs. It is commonly used when the reptiles move at the highest possible speeds of locomotion. The different development of the extremities is a common feature among recent reptiles that can be understood as an adaptation to quick acceleration. Additionally it reduces the interference of fore-and hindlimbs at high speeds. We present some biomechanical arguments to show how and why

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22

Clulow, Simon, John Clulow, Ruth Marcec-Greaves, Gina Della Togna, and Natalie E. Calatayud. "Common goals, different stages: the state of the ARTs for reptile and amphibian conservation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 34, no. 5 (March 11, 2022): i—ix. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv34n5_fo.

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Amphibians and reptiles are highly threatened vertebrate taxa with large numbers of species threatened with extinction. With so many species at risk, conservation requires the efficient and cost-effective application of all the tools available so that as many species as possible are assisted. Biobanking of genetic material in genetic resource banks (GRBs) in combination with assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) to retrieve live animals from stored materials are two powerful, complementary tools in the conservation toolbox for arresting and reversing biodiversity decline for both amphibian

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23

Park, Soon Yong, Hyeongrok Choi, and Jin Woong Chung. "Reptiles as Promising Sources of Medicinal Natural Products for Cancer Therapeutic Drugs." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 4 (April 16, 2022): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040874.

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Natural products have historically played an important role as a source of therapeutic drugs for various diseases, and the development of medicinal natural products is still a field with high potential. Although diverse drugs have been developed for incurable diseases for several decades, discovering safe and efficient anticancer drugs remains a formidable challenge. Reptiles, as one source of Asian traditional medicines, are known to possess anticancer properties and have been used for a long time without a clarified scientific background. Recently, it has been reported that extracts, crude p

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24

Benn, Amelia, David McLelland, and Alexandra Whittaker. "A Review of Welfare Assessment Methods in Reptiles, and Preliminary Application of the Welfare Quality® Protocol to the Pygmy Blue-Tongue Skink, Tiliqua adelaidensis, Using Animal-Based Measures." Animals 9, no. 1 (January 17, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9010027.

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Reptiles are held at wildlife parks and zoos for display and conservation breeding programs and are increasingly being kept as pets. Reliable indicators of welfare for reptiles need to be identified. Current guidelines for the captive management of reptiles utilize resource-based, rather than animal-based indicators; the latter being a more direct reflection of affective state. In this paper we review the literature on welfare assessment methods in reptiles with a focus on animal-based measures. We conclude that, whilst a number of physiological and behavioral indicators of welfare have been a

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Xia, Tian, Lei Zhang, Guolei Sun, Xiufeng Yang, and Honghai Zhang. "Genomic evidence of adaptive evolution in the reptilian SOCS gene family." PeerJ 9 (June 24, 2021): e11677. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11677.

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The suppressor of the cytokine signaling (SOCS) family of proteins play an essential role in inhibiting cytokine receptor signaling by regulating immune signal pathways. Although SOCS gene functions have been examined extensively, no comprehensive study has been performed on this gene family’s molecular evolution in reptiles. In this study, we identified eight canonical SOCS genes using recently-published reptilian genomes. We used phylogenetic analysis to determine that the SOCS genes had highly conserved evolutionary dynamics that we classified into two types. We identified positive SOCS4 se

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26

Urbanová, D., and M. Halán. "The Use of Ultrasonography in Diagnostic Imaging of Reptiles." Folia Veterinaria 60, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fv-2016-0038.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to obtain new knowledge and show the possibility of the use of ultrasonographic (USG) examinations in reptilian medicine. As reptiles are patients brought to veterinary clinic in smaller numbers, we focused on the indications and limits of this type of examination in individual groups of reptiles. In the period of 2014—2015 we examined by ultrasound, 28 reptiles with the aim to diagnose gravidity, reproductive problems and to determine their gender. At the same time we examined the internal organs and their availability for potential USG examinations. We also

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27

Biserkov, Vulko, and Aneta Kostadinova. "Development of the plerocercoid I of Ophiotaenia europaea in reptiles." International Journal for Parasitology 27, no. 12 (December 1997): 1513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7519(97)00138-0.

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28

Blackburn, Daniel G. "Chorioallantoic placentation in squamate reptiles: Structure, function, development, and evolution." Journal of Experimental Zoology 266, no. 5 (August 1, 1993): 414–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402660508.

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29

Jones, Hugh I. "Physalopterine nematodes in Australian reptiles: interactions and patterns of infection." Australian Journal of Zoology 62, no. 2 (2014): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo13033.

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Spirurid nematodes (family Physalopteridae) are widespread as adults or as encysted larvae in many species of Australian reptiles. Fifteen species of physalopterine nematodes (subfamily Physalopterinae) in the genera Kreisiella, Abbreviata and Skrjabinoptera infect more than 40 species of reptile in the five families Agamidae, Varanidae, Gekkonidae, Scincidae and Elapidae. Four species of nematode are host-species specific, six are host-family specific to varanid lizards, and three to agamid lizards. Larger species of reptile support a higher prevalence and abundance of nematodes, and often su

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30

YIN, HUI NG, EHWAN NGADI, MD-ZAIRI ZAINAL, and MUHAMMAD ABU BAKAR ABDUL-LATIFF. "A NOTE ON THE NEW RECORD OF THE REPTILE FAUNA IN PULAU TINGGI, JOHOR, MALAYSIA." JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT 17, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2022.11.005.

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Island ecosystem is a fragile ecosystem affected by an ocean climate, which resulting different microclimates, floristic composition and unique habitats. The island’s insularity resulted in the unique composition of animal species, especially reptiles which depend most on the microclimate. Hence, a study on reptile diversity was carried out in Pulau Tinggi, Mersing, Johor from February to October 2019. A previous survey of reptile diversity in Pulau Tinggi was conducted in 2003 and 2006, which recorded 13 and 17 species, respectively and there is an urgent need to update these data. This study

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31

Martín-del-Campo, Rodolfo, Itzel Sifuentes-Romero, and Alejandra García-Gasca. "Hox Genes in Reptile Development, Epigenetic Regulation, and Teratogenesis." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 157, no. 1-2 (December 15, 2018): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495712.

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Reptiles are ancestral organisms presenting a variety of shapes, from the elongated vertebral column of the snake to the turtle dorsalized ribs or retractile neck. Body plans are specified by a conserved group of homeobox-containing genes (Hox genes), which encode transcription factors important in cell fate and vertebral architecture along the anteroposterior axis during embryonic development; thus, dysregulation of these genes may cause congenital malformations, from mild-sublethal to embryonic-lethal. The genetic pool, maternal transfer, and environmental conditions during egg incubation af

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32

Curtis, Neil, M. E. H. Jones, S. E. Evans, P. O'Higgins, and M. J. Fagan. "Cranial sutures work collectively to distribute strain throughout the reptile skull." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 86 (September 6, 2013): 20130442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0442.

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The skull is composed of many bones that come together at sutures. These sutures are important sites of growth, and as growth ceases some become fused while others remain patent. Their mechanical behaviour and how they interact with changing form and loadings to ensure balanced craniofacial development is still poorly understood. Early suture fusion often leads to disfiguring syndromes, thus is it imperative that we understand the function of sutures more clearly. By applying advanced engineering modelling techniques, we reveal for the first time that patent sutures generate a more widely dist

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33

Rieppel, Olivier. "Studies on skeleton formation in reptiles. I. The postembryonic development of the skeleton in Cyrtodactylus pubisulcus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae)." Journal of Zoology 227, no. 1 (May 1992): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1992.tb04346.x.

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34

Baynes-Rock, Marcus. "Precious reptiles: Social engagement and placemaking with saltwater crocodiles." Area 51, no. 3 (July 31, 2018): 578–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/area.12484.

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35

Bobrov, V. V. "Herpetological research in Russian nature reserves: Current status and perspectives of development." SOCIALNO-ECOLOGICHESKIE TECHNOLOGII, no. 3. 2018 (2018): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-2964-2018-3-43-61.

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The article is devoted to the herpetological research of USSR nature reserves that were described in the scientific journal published over 30 years ago. The author proposes some new directions of herpetological research in nature reserves of Russia, in particular, studying of critically significant territories for amphibians and reptiles and the research of invasive species.

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Karim, Aditya K., Rury Eprilurahman, Laksmindra Fitria, and Paul J. Kawatu. "Senyawa Bioaktif Herpetofauna pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus dan Hipertensi: Tinjauan Secara Patofisiologi." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 5, no. 1 (October 13, 2018): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.521.

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Amphibians and reptiles (herpetofauna groups) produced of many compounds. The herpetofauna and their chemical compounds have been the subject of intense research interest for many years due to their potential in medical application and in lead compound development for new drugs. A number of different types of compounds have been identified from the glandular skin secretions of amphibians and venom or saliva of reptiles. These compounds have been shown to be active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, enveloped viruses, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular diso

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Proshchina, Alexandra, Victoria Gulimova, Anastasia Kharlamova, Yuliya Krivova, Nadezhda Besova, Rustam Berdiev, and Sergey Saveliev. "Reproduction and the Early Development of Vertebrates in Space: Problems, Results, Opportunities." Life 11, no. 2 (January 31, 2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020109.

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Humans and animals adapt to space flight conditions. However, the adaptive changes of fully formed organisms differ radically from the responses of vertebrate embryos, foetuses, and larvae to space flight. Development is associated with active cell proliferation and the formation of organs and systems. The instability of these processes is well known. Over 20 years has passed since the last systematic experiments on vertebrate reproduction and development in space flight. At the same time, programs are being prepared for the exploration of Mars and the Moon, which justifies further investigati

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Pugh, Timothy W. "FLOOD REPTILES, SERPENT TEMPLES, AND THE QUADRIPARTITE UNIVERSE." Ancient Mesoamerica 12, no. 2 (July 2001): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536101122042.

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Mayapan, Yucatan, Mexico, was the most prominent Maya ceremonial center from the mid-thirteenth to the mid-fifteenth century. The city was a religious center for surrounding Maya populations. Its construction was linked through cyclical reasoning to a chain of antecedent centers, the ultimate link of which lay in creation. In the heart of Mayapan lay its exemplary center, an architectural model of cosmogony composed of five temple assemblages. The central building of each assemblage was a temple decorated with serpent imagery. These five serpent temples were depicted on a mural in Structure Q-

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Gatto, Christopher R., and Richard D. Reina. "A review of the effects of incubation conditions on hatchling phenotypes in non-squamate reptiles." Journal of Comparative Physiology B 192, no. 2 (February 10, 2022): 207–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-021-01415-4.

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AbstractDeveloping embryos of oviparous reptiles show substantial plasticity in their responses to environmental conditions during incubation, which can include altered sex ratios, morphology, locomotor performance and hatching success. While recent research and reviews have focused on temperature during incubation, emerging evidence suggests other environmental variables are also important in determining hatchling phenotypes. Understanding how the external environment influences development is important for species management and requires identifying how environmental variables exert their ef

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Tolley, Krystal A., Nicolas S. Telford, Buyisile G. Makhubo, R. John Power, and Graham J. Alexander. "Filling the gap: Noteworthy herpetological discoveries in North West Province, South Africa." Zoosystematics and Evolution 99, no. 1 (January 26, 2023): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.99.90181.

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The North West Province, South Africa, is centrally situated in southern Africa and is characterised by savannah with a mesic, temperate climate in the east and a hot, arid climate in the west. While the eastern region is fairly well-documented for herpetofauna, the arid central and western regions are poorly surveyed. Given that the Province has been targeted by the national government for development of infrastructure, the overall deficiency of biodiversity data could result in impact assessments that are not well-informed. We, therefore, carried out herpetofaunal surveys over two years (201

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Guillette, L. J., and Taisen Iguchi. "Contaminant-induced endocrine and reproductive alterations in reptiles." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 11-12 (January 1, 2003): 2275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112275.

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Many chemicals introduced into the environment by humans adversely affect embryonic development and the functioning of the vertebrate reproductive system. It has been hypothesized that many developmental alterations are due to the endocrine-disruptive effects of various environmental contaminants. The endocrine system exhibits an organizational effect on the developing embryo, altering gene expression and dosing. Thus, a disruption of the normal hormonal signals can permanently modify the organization and future functioning of the reproductive and endocrine system. We have worked extensively w

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Blackburn, Daniel G., and Alexander F. Flemming. "Morphology, development, and evolution of fetal membranes and placentation in squamate reptiles." Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution 312B, no. 6 (September 15, 2009): 579–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21234.

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Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Mattia Falaschi, Anna Bonardi, Emilio Padoa-Schioppa, and Roberto Sindaco. "Biogeographical structure and endemism pattern in reptiles of the Western Palearctic." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 42, no. 2 (April 2018): 220–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133318765084.

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The analysis of biogeographical structure and patterns of endemism are central topics of biogeography, but require exhaustive distribution data. A lack of accurate broad-scale information on the distribution of reptiles has so far limited the analyses of biogeographical structure. Here we analysed the distribution of reptiles within the broad-sense Western Palearctic to assess biogeographical regionalization using phylogenetic and non-phylogenetic approaches, identified areas of endemism and evaluated the environmental factors promoting community uniqueness and endemism. We gathered distributi

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Trevisan, Giusto, Marina Cinco, Sara Trevisini, Nicola di Meo, Karin Chersi, Maurizio Ruscio, Patrizia Forgione, and Serena Bonin. "Borreliae Part 1: Borrelia Lyme Group and Echidna-Reptile Group." Biology 10, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10101036.

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Borreliae are divided into three groups, namely the Lyme group (LG), the Echidna-Reptile group (REPG) and the Relapsing Fever group (RFG). Currently, only Borrelia of the Lyme and RF groups (not all) cause infection in humans. Borreliae of the Echidna-Reptile group represent a new monophyletic group of spirochaetes, which infect amphibians and reptiles. In addition to a general description of the phylum Spirochaetales, including a brief historical digression on spirochaetosis, in the present review Borreliae of Lyme and Echidna-Reptile groups are described, discussing the ecology with vectors

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Johnston, Sonya D., Sandra Orgeig, Olga V. Lopatko, and Christopher B. Daniels. "Development of the pulmonary surfactant system in two oviparous vertebrates." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 278, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): R486—R493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.278.2.r486.

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In birds and oviparous reptiles, hatching is often a lengthy and exhausting process, which commences with pipping followed by lung clearance and pulmonary ventilation. We examined the composition of pulmonary surfactant in the developing lungs of the chicken, Gallus gallus, and of the bearded dragon, Pogona vitticeps. Lung tissue was collected from chicken embryos at days 14, 16, 18 (prepipped), and 20(postpipped) of incubation and from 1 day and 3 wk posthatch and adult animals. In chickens, surfactant protein A mRNA was detected using Northern blot analysis in lung tissue at all stages sampl

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Alibardi, Lorenzo. "Development, comparative morphology and cornification of reptilian claws in relation to claws evolution in tetrapods." Contributions to Zoology 78, no. 1 (May 18, 2009): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07801003.

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The development of claws in different reptiles and their cornification are analyzed using histological, ultrastructural and autoradiographic methods. Claws develop at the tip of digits in relation to the growth of the terminal phalanx and appear as modified scales. The apical epidermis of digit becomes thickened and is associated with a mesenchymal condensation or a dense mesenchyme. The dorsal side of the digit becomes the unguis while the ventral side becomes the sub-unguis. The corneous layer in the unguis is thicker than in the sub-unguis and accumulates hard-keratin while corneocytes rema

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Paladino, Frank V., and James R. Spotila. "Does the Physiology of Large Living Reptiles Provide Insights into the Evolution of Endothermy and Paleophysiology of Extinct Dinosaurs?" Paleontological Society Special Publications 7 (1994): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200009576.

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Our studies using American alligators, Alligator mississippiensis, green turtles, Chelonia mydas, and leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea, have provided insights into the physiology of large extant and extinct reptiles. Respiratory and metabolic physiology studies indicate that many living large reptiles exhibit heat conservation adaptations and mechanisms which allow them to maintain constant warm body temperatures in cold environments with low “reptilian” metabolism. For example, leatherback turtles which are found in the oceans as far north as the Arctic Circle can maintain constant b

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Guillette, L. J., D. H. Dubois, and A. Cree. "Prostaglandins, oviducal function, and parturient behavior in nonmammalian vertebrates." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 260, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): R854—R861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1991.260.5.r854.

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Extensive data show that in mammals and birds, prostaglandins (PGs) are associated with ovulation, luteal function, oviposition, and parturition, and that also in mammals they are associated with birth-related behavior and sexual receptivity. In mammals and birds, the ability of PGs to stimulate oviducal contractions varies regionally along the oviduct (i.e., there is a functional cervix or uterovaginal region that acts to retain eggs or embryos in utero during shelling or embryonic development). Furthermore, at least in mammals, there is neural control over oviducal contractions. In reptiles,

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Aboitiz, Francisco, Daniver Morales, and Juan Montiel. "The evolutionary origin of the mammalian isocortex: Towards an integrated developmental and functional approach." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 5 (October 2003): 535–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03000128.

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The isocortex is a distinctive feature of mammalian brains, which has no clear counterpart in the cerebral hemispheres of other amniotes. This paper speculates on the evolutionary processes giving rise to the isocortex. As a first step, we intend to identify what structure may be ancestral to the isocortex in the reptilian brain. Then, it is necessary to account for the transformations (developmental, connectional, and functional) of this ancestral structure, which resulted in the origin of the isocortex. One long-held perspective argues that part of the isocortex derives from the ventral pall

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Gasso, V. Y., A. M. Hahut, and S. V. Yermolenko. "Biochemical parameters in the blood of grass snakes (Natrix natrix) in ecosystems under varying degrees of anthropogenic influence." Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University. Biology, medicine 7, no. 2 (September 28, 2016): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021623.

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The grass snake Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) is a partly hygrophilous species, distributed throughoutUkraine. This snake may be considered as a test object for environmental biomonitoring. Modern biochemical methods make it possible to obtain new scientific data on the effects of anthropogenic pressure on reptiles. Blood is a sensitive and informative indicator of the condition of an organism as it responds quickly to most changes in exogenous and endogenous factors, and reflects negative influences on both individual and, indirectly, populations. Changes in biochemical parameters may be use

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