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Academic literature on the topic 'Reptiles Snails'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Reptiles Snails"

1

Kabat, Alan R. "Richard Frederick Deckert (1878–1971), Florida naturalist and natural history artist." Archives of Natural History 39, no. 2 (October 2012): 321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2012.0098.

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Richard Deckert (born in Germany in 1878, immigrated to New York in 1887, died in Florida in 1971) was a polymath with great enthusiasm and wide ranging interests in natural history. His collections and publications did much to document the reptiles, amphibians, and land snails of Florida. His contributions to natural history illustration were equally important, as his carefully detailed line drawings and water colour paintings delineated the intricate details of snails, fishes, amphibians, and reptiles (particularly snakes and turtles), as well as fossil vertebrates, and were used in a wide range of systematic publications. Deckert also contributed to the modernization of fish taxidermy, leading to the current methods for creating lifelike fish mounts. This paper documents his scientific and artistic work.

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BLOXAM, Q. M. C., and S. J. TONGE. "Breeding programmes for reptiles and snails at Jersey Zoo: an appraisal." International Zoo Yearbook 24, no. 1 (January 1986): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1985.tb02519.x.

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Butcher, Andrew R. "Children, snails and worms: the Brachylaima cribbi story." Microbiology Australia 37, no. 1 (2016): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma16012.

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Brachylaimids are parasitic trematode fluke worms that have a terrestrial life cycle involving land snails and slugs as the first and/or second intermediate hosts for the cercarial and metacercarial larval stages. A wide range of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians are the definitive hosts for the adult worm. Brachylaima spp. have been reported from most continents including Europe, Africa, Asia, North and South America and Australia. There are over 70 described species in the genus with seven species indigenous to Australia. Although Brachylaima spp. are a cosmopolitan terrestrial trematode they have not been recorded to infect humans other than the three Brachylaima cribbi infections reported in two children and an adult from South Australia.

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Butcher, A. R., and D. I. Grove. "Seasonal variation in rates of sporocyst and metacercarial infection by Brachylaima cribbi in helicid and hygromiid land snails on the Yorke Peninsula, South Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 53, no. 6 (2005): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo05054.

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Brachylaima cribbi is a terrestrial trematode parasite of humans and other mammals, birds and reptiles, with helicid and hygromiid summer-aestivating land snails acting as first and second intermediate hosts. Beginning in April, seasonal variations in rates of sporocyst and metacercarial infection by B. cribbi were studied in Cochlicella acuta, Cernuella virgata and Theba pisana over 1 year at four ecologically diverse sites on the Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. The overall mean sporocyst prevalence rate in April was 2.7%. Sporocyst prevalences peaked during spring (10–78% for C. acuta, 12–44% for C. virgata and 10–18% for T. pisana). Metacercarial infection rates varied markedly from 10% to 98% at the start of the study. Overall metacercarial infection rates peaked with winter rains for T. pisana (average 50% infected) and in spring for C. acuta and C. virgata (average 80% infected) then declined in summer for all species. The average numbers of metacercariae per infected snail over the study period were 5.4 for C. virgata, 3.9 for C. acuta and 2.2 for T. pisana, with maximum numbers in winter or spring. Conditions on the Yorke Peninsula favour hyperinfection with this parasite.

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Hamada, Hiroshi, and Patrick Tam. "Diversity of left-right symmetry breaking strategy in animals." F1000Research 9 (February 19, 2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21670.1.

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Left-right (L-R) asymmetry of visceral organs in animals is established during embryonic development via a stepwise process. While some steps are conserved, different strategies are employed among animals for initiating the breaking of body symmetry. In zebrafish (teleost), Xenopus (amphibian), and mice (mammal), symmetry breaking is elicited by directional fluid flow at the L-R organizer, which is generated by motile cilia and sensed by mechanoresponsive cells. In contrast, birds and reptiles do not rely on the cilia-driven fluid flow. Invertebrates such as Drosophila and snails employ another distinct mechanism, where the symmetry breaking process is underpinned by cellular chirality acquired downstream of the molecular interaction of myosin and actin. Here, we highlight the convergent entry point of actomyosin interaction and planar cell polarity to the diverse L-R symmetry breaking mechanisms among animals.

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Caffara, M., G. Bruni, C. Paoletti, A. Gustinelli, and M. L. Fioravanti. "Metacercariae of Clinostomum complanatum (Trematoda: Digenea) in European newts Triturus carnifex and Lissotriton vulgaris (Caudata: Salamandridae)." Journal of Helminthology 88, no. 3 (March 18, 2013): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x13000151.

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AbstractAdults of Clinostomum spp. are digenetic trematodes found in fish-eating birds, reptiles and occasionally mammals, including humans. Freshwater snails serve as first intermediate hosts and many fish species and amphibians as second intermediate hosts. To date, amphibian hosts of Clinostomum metacercariae include members of urodele and anuran families in North America, but no data are available on infections of European amphibians, including newts. In this study, we characterize infections of Clinostomum complanatum metacercariae in four smooth (Lissotriton vulgaris) and 18 Italian crested newts (Triturus carnifex) from an artificial pond located in a protected area in Tuscany, Italy. Parasites were surgically removed from the infected newts and identified both morphologically and using sequences of a mitochondrial gene, cytochrome c oxidase I, and the ribosomal markers, internal transcribed spacers. This is the first record of C. complanatum in European newts and, more generally, in amphibians in Europe.

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Bishop, T., and M. D. Brand. "Processes contributing to metabolic depression in hepatopancreas cells from the snail Helix aspersa." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 23 (December 1, 2000): 3603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.23.3603.

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Cells isolated from the hepatopancreas of the land snail Helix aspersa strongly depress respiration both immediately in response to lowered P(O2) (oxygen conformation) and, in the longer term, during aestivation. These phenomena were analysed by dividing cellular respiration into non-mitochondrial and mitochondrial respiration using the mitochondrial poisons myxothiazol, antimycin and azide. Non-mitochondrial respiration accounted for a surprisingly large proportion, 65+/−5 %, of cellular respiration in control cells at 70 % air saturation. Non-mitochondrial respiration decreased substantially as oxygen tension was lowered, but mitochondrial respiration did not, and the oxygen-conforming behaviour of the cells was due entirely to the oxygen-dependence of non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Non-mitochondrial respiration was still responsible for 45+/−2 % of cellular respiration at physiological oxygen tension. Mitochondrial respiration was further subdivided into respiration used to drive ATP turnover and respiration used to drive futile proton cycling across the mitochondrial inner membrane using the ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin. At physiological oxygen tensions, 34+/−5 % of cellular respiration was used to drive ATP turnover and 22+/−4 % was used to drive proton cycling, echoing the metabolic inefficiency previously observed in liver cells from mammals, reptiles and amphibians. The respiration rate of hepatopancreas cells from aestivating snails was only 37 % of the control value. This was caused by proportional decreases in non-mitochondrial and mitochondrial respiration and in respiration to drive ATP turnover and to drive proton cycling. Thus, the fraction of cellular respiration devoted to different processes remained constant and the cellular energy balance was preserved in the hypometabolic state.

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Madella-Auricchio, Cláudia Renata, Paulo Auricchio, and Enio Saraiva Soares. "Reptile species composition in the Middle Gurguéia and comparison with inventories in the eastern Parnaíba River Basin, State of Piauí, Brazil." Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 57, no. 28 (September 15, 2017): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/0031-1049.2017.57.28.

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The reptile diversity of the Middle Gurguéia River Basin in southern Piauí, Brazil, is little known. The rapid expansion of agriculture in the region is converting the Cerrado and Caatinga into large farming areas, which threatens biodiversity and hastens its loss. In this study, 68 specimens of reptiles from a university collection were examined, comprising 29 species: ten lizards, one amphisbaenian, 15 snakes, two turtles and one crocodilian. They were collected from five locations in the Middle Gurguéia Basin, a region not previously evaluated for reptiles. The most abundant species is a member of Tropidurus. Comparison with eight other areas in the eastern Parnaíba Basin indicated that the diversity of reptiles in the Middle Gurguéia is similar to that in other Caatinga-Cerrado ecotone areas. The reptile assemblage in the eastern Parnaíba Basin comprises 100 species of reptiles: 39 lizards, five amphisbaenians, 50 snakes, four chelonians and two crocodilians. This study expanded the known distributions of some reptiles and recorded the first occurrence of Helicops leopardinus (Schlegel, 1837) for Piauí. A cluster analysis showed that the reptile composition concords with the habitat where species were found, i.e. Cerrado, Caatinga or ecotone. Studies that associate habitat structure with each species are essential to propose efficient strategies for reptile management and conservation for the entire Parnaíba River Basin, mostly in areas that are not yet protected.

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Teixeira, Camila Palhares, Luiza Passos, Vinicius D. L. R. Goulart, Andre Hirsch, Marcos Rodrigues, and Robert J. Young. "Evaluating patterns of human–reptile conflicts in an urban environment." Wildlife Research 42, no. 7 (2015): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15143.

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Context Reptiles, especially snakes, can cause a fear reaction in the public and are, therefore, a good model to examine human–wildlife conflicts. Human city dwellers often respond to the presence of snakes or other reptiles by calling out the responsible agency for animal control, which has to mediate the situation. Aims To determine how the temporal and spatial occurrence of human–reptile conflicts were associated with environmental conditions and socio-economic factors in a large Brazilian city (Belo Horizonte). Methods The callout reports of the Environmental Police of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, over a 7-year period from 2002 to 2008 to mediate reptile conflicts were analysed. Densities of callouts were determined by kernel-density estimator and matched with the vegetation cover and land use, to determine how the environment affected reptile callout distribution. The study area was divided into nine regions with different socio-economic and demographic characteristics to evaluate the possible effects of human factors in the conflict. Key results Reptile callouts were almost exclusively about snakes or freshwater turtles, despite a large population of wild lizards. In general, the difference in callout distribution of snakes and freshwater turtles was the result of different attitudes from city dwellers on the basis of socio-economic characteristics. Snakes were less frequent as urbanisation increased, whereas freshwater turtles were associated with water or open areas. Significantly, more conflicts occurred during the rainy season. People in areas of high per capita income used the Environmental Police as mediators more often than did those in poorer areas, but callouts were not related to human population density. Conclusions Habitat type and climate were significantly predictive of human–reptile conflicts. Human populations with higher salaries and education levels tended to resolve their conflicts with reptiles using official mediators whether the reptile was venomous or not. Implications The environmental and climatic data show that it is possible to predict when and where human–reptile conflicts are most likely. Thus, official mediators can use this information for targeted education programs. Such education programs should emphasise, at all levels of society, how to deal with such conflicts sensibly, so as to ensure the best outcomes for people and reptiles.

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Korpysa-Dzirba, Weronika, Mirosław Różycki, Ewa Bilska-Zając, Jacek Karamon, Jacek Sroka, Aneta Bełcik, Magdalena Wasiak, and Tomasz Cencek. "Alaria alata in Terms of Risks to Consumers’ Health." Foods 10, no. 7 (July 13, 2021): 1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071614.

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Alaria alata flukes are cosmopolitan parasites. In Europe, the definitive hosts are red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), wolves (Canis lupus), and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), as well as animals that belong to the Felidae family. Intermediate hosts, such as snails and frogs, are the sources of infection for definitive hosts. The developmental stages of A. alata mesocercariae may occur in paratenic hosts, including many species of mammals, birds, and reptiles, as well as in wild boars (Sus scrofa), which are important from the zoonotic point of view. Because there are no regulations concerning the detection of A. alata in meat, this fluke is usually detected during official obligatory Trichinella spp. inspections. However, a method dedicated to A. alata detection was developed. The growing popularity of game and organic meat has led to an increased risk of food-associated parasitic infections, including alariosis, which is caused by the mesocercarial stage of A. alata. The aim of this article is to highlight the problem of A. alata as an emerging parasite, especially in the terms of the increasing market for game and organic meats that have been processed with traditional methods, often without proper heat treatment.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reptiles Snails"

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Littlefield, Joanne. "Snakes in the Neighborhood: Effects of Urbanization on Amphibians and Reptiles." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622213.

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2

Ariel, Ellen. "Pathology and serological aspects of Bohle Iridovirus infections in six selected water-associated reptiles in North Queensland." Online version, 1997. http://dds.crl.edu/CRLdelivery.asp?tid=12641.

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Oldham, Christian Robert. "INVESTIGATIONS IN CRYPTIC SPECIES: CONSIDERATIONS AND APPLICATIONS FOR ESTIMATING DETECTION, OCCUPANCY, AND ABUNDANCE OF SEMI-AQUATIC SNAKES." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/forestry_etds/28.

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Snake species are notoriously difficult to study in the field due to their cryptic natural-histories and secretive behaviors. Difficulties associated with detection present challenges estimating parameters including occupancy and abundance, as well as responses to habitat degradation. Our objectives were to use Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) telemetry to enhance detection of Queensnakes (Regina septemvittata) as compared to traditional capture-mark-recapture (CMR) survey techniques and to examine occupancy and abundance of Queensnakes and Northern Watersnakes (Nerodia sipedon) in streams of differing levels of anthropogenic impact within Central Kentucky. During 2013, we captured Queensnakes and implanted them with PIT tags. We detected significantly more tagged snakes using PIT telemetry than visual surveys. We did not observe significant differences in numbers of snakes detected using PIT telemetry at different times of day. We observed relatively high site fidelity of individuals. During 2014, we conducted point-count surveys of Northern Watersnakes and Queensnakes in streams characterized as highly degraded and lightly impaired. We estimated occupancy and conditional abundance among site types. We did not observe significant differences in occupancy or abundance between historically highly-impacted sites and less-impacted sites. We were able to determine significance of some environmental variables influencing detection of snakes.

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Mendes, Roberta Graboski [UNESP]. "Filogeografia e revisão taxonômica de Typhlops brongersmianus Vanzolini, 1972 (Serpentes: Scolecophidia: Typhlopidae): padrões de diversidade genética e morfológica em uma serpente fossorial." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99535.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A diversidade das serpentes é ampla, com aproximadamente três mil espécies descritas. Esta diversidade é agrupada, tanto por evidências morfológicas como moleculares, em dois clados: Alethinophidia (~2660 espécies) e Scolecophidia (~400 espécies). Comparativamente aos Alethinophidia, poucos estudos foram realizados até o momento com Scolecophidia, estudos estes dificultados tanto pelos hábitos furtivos como pela raridade destas serpentes. O clado Scolecophidia é reconhecido por agrupar serpentes pequenas, com olhos vestigiais e hábito subterrâneo. Atualmente são reconhecidas cinco famílias: Anomalepididae, Gerrhopilidae, Leptotyphlopidae, Xenotyphlopidade e Typhlopidae. A família Typhlopidae possui ampla distribuição, ocorrendo em todos os continentes incluindo diversas formações insulares. Dos cinco gêneros que compõem a família, o genêro Typhlops é o mais especioso, com aproximadamente 145 espécies descritas que ocupam uma variedade de hábitats, desde desertos até florestas tropicais. Na América do Sul são reconhecidas oito espécies, sendo Typhlops brongersmianus a espécie que apresenta a maior distribuição, ocorrendo em diversos domínios morfoclimáticos. Em geral, vertebrados com estilo de vida subterrâneo são de difícil observação, e muitos aspectos de sua biologia evolutiva são mal compreendidos, incluindo o modo prevalente de especiação e os padrões de diversificação, bem como a estrutura geográfica da variabilidade genética e morfológica. Sendo assim, este trabalho visa dirimir estas lacunas tendo por objetivo estudar os padrões filogeográficos e demográficos, tentando contribuir para a elucidação da história evolutiva e taxonômica de T. brongersmianus bem como compreender as relações filogenéticas desta espécie com outras congêneres que ocorrem em...
The diversity of snakes is vast, with approximately three thousand described species. This diversity is grouped by both morphological and molecular evidence, in two clades: Alethinophidia (~2660 species) and Scolecophidia (~400 species). Compared to Alethinophidia, few studies have been conducted so far with Scolecophidia, these studies hampered both by furtive habits as the rarity of these snakes. The clade Scolecophidia group is recognized by small snakes with vestigial eyes and subterranean. Currently, five families are recognized: Anomalepididae, Gerrhopilidae, Leptotyphlopidae, and Xenotyphlopidade Typhlopidae. The family Typhlopidae has a wide distribution, occurring in all continents including several island formations. Of the five genera in the family, the genre is the most specious Typhlops, with about 145 described species that occupy a variety of habitats, from deserts to tropical rainforests. In South America are recognized eight species, Typhlops brongersmianus the species with the widest distribution, occurring in various areas morphoclimatic. In general, vertebrates with underground lifestyle are difficult to observe, and many aspects of their evolutionary biology are poorly understood, including the prevalent mode of speciation and diversification patterns and the geographical structure of genetic and morphological variability. Thus, this study aims to resolve these shortcomings have been studying the phylogeographic and demographic patterns, trying to contribute to the elucidation of evolutionary history and taxonomic T. brongersmianus well as understand the phylogenetic relationships of this species with other congeners that occur in sympatry in South America To do this, we performed an extensive analysis of morphological revision through a survey of meristic and morphometric characters, totaling... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Mendes, Roberta Graboski. "Filogeografia e revisão taxonômica de Typhlops brongersmianus Vanzolini, 1972 (Serpentes: Scolecophidia: Typhlopidae) : padrões de diversidade genética e morfológica em uma serpente fossorial /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99535.

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Orientador: Hussam El Dine Zaher
Coorientador: Sandro Luis Bonatto
Banca: Giovanna Gondim Montingelli
Banca: Nelson Jurandi da Rosa Fagundes
Resumo: A diversidade das serpentes é ampla, com aproximadamente três mil espécies descritas. Esta diversidade é agrupada, tanto por evidências morfológicas como moleculares, em dois clados: Alethinophidia (~2660 espécies) e Scolecophidia (~400 espécies). Comparativamente aos Alethinophidia, poucos estudos foram realizados até o momento com Scolecophidia, estudos estes dificultados tanto pelos hábitos furtivos como pela raridade destas serpentes. O clado Scolecophidia é reconhecido por agrupar serpentes pequenas, com olhos vestigiais e hábito subterrâneo. Atualmente são reconhecidas cinco famílias: Anomalepididae, Gerrhopilidae, Leptotyphlopidae, Xenotyphlopidade e Typhlopidae. A família Typhlopidae possui ampla distribuição, ocorrendo em todos os continentes incluindo diversas formações insulares. Dos cinco gêneros que compõem a família, o genêro Typhlops é o mais especioso, com aproximadamente 145 espécies descritas que ocupam uma variedade de hábitats, desde desertos até florestas tropicais. Na América do Sul são reconhecidas oito espécies, sendo Typhlops brongersmianus a espécie que apresenta a maior distribuição, ocorrendo em diversos domínios morfoclimáticos. Em geral, vertebrados com estilo de vida subterrâneo são de difícil observação, e muitos aspectos de sua biologia evolutiva são mal compreendidos, incluindo o modo prevalente de especiação e os padrões de diversificação, bem como a estrutura geográfica da variabilidade genética e morfológica. Sendo assim, este trabalho visa dirimir estas lacunas tendo por objetivo estudar os padrões filogeográficos e demográficos, tentando contribuir para a elucidação da história evolutiva e taxonômica de T. brongersmianus bem como compreender as relações filogenéticas desta espécie com outras congêneres que ocorrem em... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The diversity of snakes is vast, with approximately three thousand described species. This diversity is grouped by both morphological and molecular evidence, in two clades: Alethinophidia (~2660 species) and Scolecophidia (~400 species). Compared to Alethinophidia, few studies have been conducted so far with Scolecophidia, these studies hampered both by furtive habits as the rarity of these snakes. The clade Scolecophidia group is recognized by small snakes with vestigial eyes and subterranean. Currently, five families are recognized: Anomalepididae, Gerrhopilidae, Leptotyphlopidae, and Xenotyphlopidade Typhlopidae. The family Typhlopidae has a wide distribution, occurring in all continents including several island formations. Of the five genera in the family, the genre is the most specious Typhlops, with about 145 described species that occupy a variety of habitats, from deserts to tropical rainforests. In South America are recognized eight species, Typhlops brongersmianus the species with the widest distribution, occurring in various areas morphoclimatic. In general, vertebrates with underground lifestyle are difficult to observe, and many aspects of their evolutionary biology are poorly understood, including the prevalent mode of speciation and diversification patterns and the geographical structure of genetic and morphological variability. Thus, this study aims to resolve these shortcomings have been studying the phylogeographic and demographic patterns, trying to contribute to the elucidation of evolutionary history and taxonomic T. brongersmianus well as understand the phylogenetic relationships of this species with other congeners that occur in sympatry in South America To do this, we performed an extensive analysis of morphological revision through a survey of meristic and morphometric characters, totaling... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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White, Julian. "Studies in clinical toxinology in South Australia /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09M.D/09m.dw585.pdf.

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Aqrawi, Tara [Verfasser], and Rachel E. [Akademischer Betreuer] Marschang. "Establishment of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction methods for the detection of newly described RNA viruses in reptiles : picornaviruses in tortoises, reptarenaviruses in snakes, and sunshinevirus in snakes / Tara Aqrawi ; Betreuer: Rachel E. Marschang." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1171899653/34.

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Santos, Fid?lis J?nio Marra. "A revision of the small snakes of the family Anomalepididae (Reptilia: Squamata: Serpentes), using high resolution computerized tomography." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8086.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
A fam?lia Anomalepididae atualmente ? constitu?da por 18 esp?cies de cobras, conhecidas como ?cobras-cegas?, fossoriais e de distribui??o geogr?fica restrita ? regi?o Neotropical. Praticamente, n?o h? informa??es a respeito da hist?ria de vida dos Anomalepididae, pois s?o animais de dif?cil coleta e a manuten??o em cativeiro para estudos com biologia ? bastante dif?cil. As informa??es dispon?veis a respeito de cobras Anomalepididae est?o concentradas em estudos anat?micos, principalmente osteologia do cr?nio, taxonomia e filogenia a n?vel de fam?lias dentro de Serpentes. Mas, desde a descri??o de Anomalepididae por Taylor em 1939, n?o houve uma revis?o taxon?mica abrangente dentro da fam?lia ou alguma infer?ncia filogen?tica com novos arranjos taxon?micos. Em rela??o ? taxonomia do grupo, a literatura ? restrita ? descri??o de novas esp?cies e revis?es taxon?micas de dois g?neros (Anomalepis e Liotyphlops). O objetivo prim?rio deste estudo foi a revis?o taxon?mica da fam?lia Anomalepididae e, para isto, foi utilizado toda a amostragem poss?vel de esp?cies e esp?cimes na aquisi??o de dados morfol?gicos, al?m do emprego da t?cnica High-Resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (HRXCT). O objetivo secund?rio foi inferir uma hip?tese filogen?tica para as esp?cies dentro de Anomalepididae com base nos caracteres anat?micos obtidos do exame de esp?cimes. Este trabalho resultou em um novo arranjo taxon?mico para Anomalepididae, com 19 esp?cies v?lidas, descri??o de duas novas esp?cies de Liotyphlops para o Brasil, sendo uma para o estado de Mato Grosso e outra para o estado de Santa Catarina e a recondu??o de Liotyphlops beui para a sinon?mia de Liotyphlops ternetzii. Al?m disto, a an?lise de parcim?nia com base em caracteres do cr?nio e da morfologia externa recuperou Anomalepididae como um t?xon monofil?tico dentro de Scolecophidia.
The family Anomalepididae currently consists of 18 species known as "blind snakes", fossorial in habit and with geographical distribution restricted to the Neotropical region. Practically, there is no information about the life history of the Anomalepididae, because they are difficult to collect and the maintenance in captivity for biology studies is quite difficult. The information available regarding Anomalepididae snakes is concentrated on anatomical studies, mainly osteology of the skull, taxonomy, and phylogeny at the level of families within Serpentes. But since the description of Anomalepididae by Taylor in 1939, there has been no comprehensive taxonomic review within the family or some phylogenetic inference with new taxonomic arrangements. In relation to the taxonomy of the group, the literature is restricted to the description of new species and taxonomic revisions of two genera (Anomalepis and Liotyphlops). The primary objective of this study was the taxonomic revision of the Anomalepididae and, for this, all possible sampling of species and specimens were used in the acquisition of morphological data, besides the use of the High-resolution X-Ray Computed Tomography (HRXCT) technique. The secondary objective was to infer a phylogenetic hypothesis for the species within Anomalepididae based on the anatomical characters obtained from the specimen examination. This work resulted in a new taxonomic arrangment for Anomalepididae, with 19 valid species, description of two new species of Liotyphlops from Brazil, being one for the state of Mato Grosso and the other for the state of Santa Catarina, and the re-conduction of Liotyphlops beui to the synonymy of Liotyphlops ternetzii. In addition, the parsimony analysis based on characters from the skull and external morphology recovered Anomalepididae as a monophyletic taxon within Scolecophidia.

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Pyron, R., Frank Burbrink, and John Wiens. "A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes." BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610383.

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BACKGROUND:The extant squamates (>9400 known species of lizards and snakes) are one of the most diverse and conspicuous radiations of terrestrial vertebrates, but no studies have attempted to reconstruct a phylogeny for the group with large-scale taxon sampling. Such an estimate is invaluable for comparative evolutionary studies, and to address their classification. Here, we present the first large-scale phylogenetic estimate for Squamata.RESULTS:The estimated phylogeny contains 4161 species, representing all currently recognized families and subfamilies. The analysis is based on up to 12896 base pairs of sequence data per species (average = 2497 bp) from 12 genes, including seven nuclear loci (BDNF, c-mos, NT3, PDC, R35, RAG-1, and RAG-2), and five mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, cytochrome b, ND2, and ND4). The tree provides important confirmation for recent estimates of higher-level squamate phylogeny based on molecular data (but with more limited taxon sampling), estimates that are very different from previous morphology-based hypotheses. The tree also includes many relationships that differ from previous molecular estimates and many that differ from traditional taxonomy.CONCLUSIONS:We present a new large-scale phylogeny of squamate reptiles that should be a valuable resource for future comparative studies. We also present a revised classification of squamates at the family and subfamily level to bring the taxonomy more in line with the new phylogenetic hypothesis. This classification includes new, resurrected, and modified subfamilies within gymnophthalmid and scincid lizards, and boid, colubrid, and lamprophiid snakes.

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Sueiro, Leticia Ruiz. "Custos reprodutivos em Crotalus durissus (Serpentes, Viperidae) do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-06062013-114615/.

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A reprodução é custosa para ambos os sexos, mas a magnitude dos gastos e sua relação com o sucesso reprodutivo diferem entre os gêneros. Os custos reprodutivos são divididos em duas categorias: custos de sobrevivência e custos energéticos. Crotalus durissus possui um ciclo reprodutivo sazonal com cópula ocorrendo no outono e a parturição no final no verão. Os machos competem por fêmeas receptivas. A inferência de custos reprodutivos associados à sobrevivência foi realizada por meio de levantamentos das taxas de atividade entre machos e fêmeas. A variação da quantidade de gordura abdominal e dos substratos energéticos do fígado e dos rins foi avaliada para mensurar o custo energético. Os resultados sugerem que para fêmeas a reprodução exige um alto investimento energético evidenciado pelos maiores níveis de gordura abdominal e de lipídios no fígado durante a fase vitelogênica e o padrão de atividade diferenciada entre machos e fêmeas sugere que a estação reprodutiva embute um custo de sobrevivência maior para os machos.
Reproduction is costly for both sexes, but the magnitude of spending and its relation to reproductive success differ between genders. Reproductive costs are divided into two categories: survival costs and energy costs. Crotalus durissus has a seasonal reproductive cycle with mating occurring in the fall and parturition in late summer. The males compete for receptive females. The inference of survival costs was accomplished through surveys of activity rates between males and females. The variation of the amount of abdominal fat and energy substrates in liver and kidneys was evaluated to measure the energy cost. The results suggest that for females reproduction requires a high energy investment - evidenced by the higher levels of abdominal fat and lipids in the liver during vitellogenic phase and activity patterns differentiated between males and females suggests that the reproductive season embeds a higher cost of survival for males.

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Books on the topic "Reptiles Snails"

1

Jinny, Johnson, ed. The world of animals. Bath, England: Parragon Publishing, 2005.

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Elting, Mary. Snakes & other reptiles. New York, N.Y: Simon and Schuster Books for Young Readers, 1988.

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Workshop, Simon Clare Creative, ed. Snakes and reptiles. Tunbridge Wells: Ticktock Media, 2003.

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ill, Persico F. S., ed. Snakes and other reptiles. Chicago, IL: Kidsbooks, 1991.

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Elting, Mary. Snakes and other reptiles. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1987.

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Edizioni Larus S.p.A. Snakes and crocs & other reptiles. Franklin, Tennessee: Creative Edge, 2009.

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Stolen world: A tale of reptiles, smugglers, and skulduggery. New York: Crown Publishers, 2011.

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Wilson, Larry David. The snakes of Honduras. 2nd ed. Milwaukee, WI: Milwaukee Public Museum, 1985.

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Studies in uropeltid snakes. Madurai: Publications Division, Madurai Kamaraj University, 1985.

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Morris, Dean. Snakes and lizards. Milwaukee, WI: Raintree Childrens Books, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reptiles Snails"

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Achille, Gabriele. "Reptiles." In Snakes of Italy, 9–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14106-0_2.

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Manley, Geoffrey A. "Turtles and Snakes." In Peripheral Hearing Mechanisms in Reptiles and Birds, 85–111. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83615-2_6.

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Smith, Cara F., and Stephen P. Mackessy. "Biochemical Ecology of Venomous Snakes." In Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles, 147–60. 2nd ed. Second edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429054204-12.

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Francisco, Luiz Roberto, Kathleen Fernandes Grego, and Margarita Mas. "Class Reptilia, Order Squamata (Ophidia): Snakes." In Biology, Medicine, and Surgery of South American Wild Animals, 40–50. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470376980.ch5.

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Kemp, T. S. "1. What is a reptile?" In Reptiles: A Very Short Introduction, 1–18. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198806417.003.0001.

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There are close to 10,000 different species of reptiles, with five different kinds of living animals making up the Class Reptilia: chelonians (turtles and tortoises); lizards; snakes; crocodilians; and the tuatara of New Zealand. ‘What is a reptile?’ explains that despite their huge range of body forms and ways of life, zoologists recognize them all as reptiles because of the fundamental characters that they all share, including dry and scaly skin, the ability to excrete urine waste as a solid, and the reproductive process of laying amniotic eggs on dry land. The evolutionary adaptations for moving to life on dry land, which began about 320 million years ago, are explained.

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Willmer, Pat. "Pollination by Nonflying Vertebrates and Other Oddities." In Pollination and Floral Ecology. Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691128610.003.0017.

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This chapter considers pollination by nonflying vertebrates and other oddities. It begins with a discussion of ectotherm vertebrates visiting flowers; these include fish, amphibians, and reptiles. Fish are not recorded as flower visitors, but they are at least occasionally facilitators of the pollination process for shoreline pond plants, where they prey on animals that compete with or reduce pollinator populations. The chapter proceeds with an analysis of pollination by nonflying mammals such as marsupials, rodents, monkeys, and lemurs as well as flowers that they regularly visit, including ground-level (geoflorous) flowers and arboreal flowers. Finally, it examines pollination by unusual invertebrates ranging from snails and woodlice to land crabs and millipedes.

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"Snakes." In Britain's Reptiles and Amphibians, 64–83. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvs32rjq.14.

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"Snakes." In The Reptiles of South Carolina, 122–229. University of South Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv7r41cd.11.

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FUNK, RICHARD S. "Snakes." In Reptile Medicine and Surgery, 42–58. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-72-169327-x/50009-2.

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FUNK, RICHARD S. "Snakes." In Reptile Medicine and Surgery, 675–82. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-72-169327-x/50042-0.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reptiles Snails"

1

Baharudin, Erwan, and Ernawati. "Reptile Socialization in Efforts to Grow Community Trust in the Coconut Village of Bogor About Snakes." In International Conference on Progressive Education (ICOPE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200323.131.

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Yudha, Donan Satria, Rury Eprilurahman, Edwina Prastiwi Sri Rizky, Wiwit Feri Wijiastuti, and Muhammad Anis Nasrullah. "Snakes and lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) of Gadjah Wong River area, Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta." In INVENTING PROSPEROUS FUTURE THROUGH BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND TROPICAL BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5050110.

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Yudha, Donan Satria, Rury Eprilurahman, Rianjani Pratiwi, Iman Akbar Muhtianda, Aisyah Arimbi, and Hastin Ambar Asti. "Snakes and lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) of the Opak River area, province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953487.

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Kelen, E. M. A., A. M. Chudzinski, L. R. C. Goncalves, and Z. Rothschild. "INHIBITORS OF FIBRINOLYSIS IN THE EUGLOBULIN FRACTION OF SNAKE PLASMA (Bothrops j araraca)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644833.

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Blood of most Reptilia has a naturally occurring circulating anticoagulant which inhibits thrombin activity. Besides, the intrinsic thromboplastin formation is deficient in snakes, and contact phase factors were not detected when measured on heterologous substrates. No records on fibrinolytic activity were found. The fibrinolytic activity of the euglobulin fraction of snake plasma (B, jararaca) in standard conditions is here reported. Nembutal anesthetized male and female animals were used for blood collection from the aorta artery and/or a vein after surgical exposure. Euglobulin fractions (EF) of plasma were obtained by dilution (1:10) and isoelectric precipitation (5.9). Activity was tested on human fibrin plates, immediately after preparation (EF1), after 24 hours at 4°C (EF2), and in both cases, in the presence of 2.1 m>: flufenamil-beta-alanine (Flu-beta-Ala)(EF3, EF4). Euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) was also determined. Fibrinolytic activity on the heterologous fibrin plate was obtained with EF1 of male plasma but the range of variation was high (23 to 100 mm2). Activity increased from EF1 to EF4 but never reached human EF values. They were much lower in female EF1 with about 70% negative results. On the other hand, ECLT of EF3 from both male and female plasma was markedly shortened when compared to the long and extremely variable results obtained with EF1. Also, snake EF1 prolonged the ECLT of human EF1. Results suggest that snake plasma contains high levels of inhibitors of fibrinolysis that are coprecipitated with the EF, and this is more intense with female plasma. The nature of such inhibitors has to be investigated.

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