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1
Tomovska, A. "Children, social context and the contract hypothesis : Comparative ethnographic case studies of 10-11 year old children in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501597.
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Rockel, Adam J. "The Efficacy of Decentralization in the Republic of Macedonia." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218568627.
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Panovski, Atanas. "The spread of Islamic extremism in the Republic of Macedonia." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10666.
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This thesis identifies and discusses the spread of Islamic extremism as a potential threat to the Republic of Macedonia. It examines how Islamic extremism spread within the Republic of Macedonia and what policies could reverse this trend. The main research findings include the following. Major political, economic, and legal changes in Macedonia have provided fertile ground for nontraditional Islamic ideologies. Although adherents to radical Islamic ideologies in Macedonia have used NGOs and charities as mobilizing structures, they were not able to create their own organization. For most Muslims in Macedonia, critiques and visions of contemporary radical Islamic ideologues are problematic. Findings also suggest that Muslims in Macedonia are most vulnerable to individual recruitment; the attempts of local Islamic extremists to mobilize a greater number of followers for collective action were unsuccessful. In Macedonia, Islamic extremist ideologies are not a reaction to secularism and modernism, nor do they defend religion. Thus, their activities in Macedonia can be categorized as forms of potential or marginal fundamentalism. This thesis suggests that nurturing a culture of questioning and debating may counter radical Islamic ideologies. Other policy recommendations for counterterrorism measures include fighting organized crime and application of social network analysis concepts.
4
Thiessen, Ilka. "T'ga za jug - Waiting for Macedonia : the changing world of young female engineers in the Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1597/.
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My thesis is concerned with the social changes a group of young female engineers experience in The Republic of Macedonia during the break-up of Yugoslavia. From my studies, I infer that this group of informants is representative of those most affected by their country's changes: they represent the young, urban educated elite that is influenced most directly by the political changes of independent Macedonia. The work has two major aims. First, it provides a detailed ethnography of the search by my informants to understand and define the new circumstances of The Republic of Macedonia. I conclude that the Fall of Yugoslavia and Macedonia's 'forced' independence created a vacuum of meaning for its population. The second objective of this work is to examine critically a group of young female engineers and to contrast other works written about Macedonia and the Balkan region which primarily emphasised continuity and tradition. With their aim of recognition by Europe, Macedonia tries to establish itself as a European country. Consumerism and body culture emphasise this. However, some Macedonians seek to retain aspects of the recent socialist past. Macedonia, during my research, was still governed by a democratically elected socialist party that adhered to socialist values. In their search for what Macedonia could be, the past, the world of the grandparents' generation and the village and the differences between the Albanian and Slavic populations gain new importance. This search is introducing some previous members of the elite, female engineers of Yugoslavia, to a new idea of what Macedonia could be, while incorporating elements of a modem, global society with Macedonia's socialist and pre-socialist peasant past. This group of informants shows that Macedonia is in the midst of creating a new, and rather different, identity for itself which incorporates socialist ideology, a peasant past and a modern European dream.
5
Kotsovilis, Spyridon Demetrius. "Identity and ethnic conflict : their social-psychological and cognitive dimensions." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33294.
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This thesis looks into the role of identity in ethnic conflict from social-psychological and cognitive perspectives.The literature of Social Psychology suggests that one strategy of social groups under pressure or threat is to revert to their collective identity and manipulate it in ways that yield a distinct positive value for group members. Focusing on the main proponent of this view, Social Identity Theory, and transposing its premises onto an ethnic level, an Ethnic Identity Theory is proposed that explains ethnic identity's utility for the positive self-esteem of members of an ethnic group during a time of crisis.
As far as the cognitive aspect is concerned, the focus moves on to the individual level of analysis. It explores the issue of how information may be represented in the human brain, and proposes that it is due to particular 'exclusive' cognitive strategies of knowledge categorization, storing and re-processing that ethnic conflict is enhanced. Borrowing from Artificial Intelligence literature on Schemata and Frame theory, ethnic identity is treated as a frame with multiple slots for various traits that comprise an ethnic identity. Such modeling helps illustrate how properties related to the architecture of these mental structures result in the constructed ethnic identities becoming more rigid---their individual traits acquiring singular importance and, once challenged, affecting the whole identity.
This study concludes by pointing that, if intransigence and inflexibility concerning ethnic identity traits begins on a cognitive micro-level, then, little progress towards peace should be expected in on-going ethnic conflicts, unless cognitively unbiased third parties are involved in peace-making, and unless their involvement includes action on a cognitive-learning level to change convictions about warring groups members' perception of their own as well as others' ethnic identities.
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Yusufi, I. "Europeanisation and security sector reform : the case of the Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575460.
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"This dissertation defines the scope of Macedonia-EU relationships, and examines the EU's role in Macedonia: from democracy promotion to security to candidate state building. The dissertation reviews these processes using the concept of Europeanisation within the concrete case study of Macedonia. The EU has played a significant role in resolution of the political turmoil in Macedonia and has undertaken various strategies to promote change in the countries of the Western Balkans. Its most effective tool has been conditionality. In the case of Macedonia, specific non-acquis related conditionalities were put in place. The focus in this context here is how the conditionality has changed with the emergence of prospect for EU membership? This thesis examines conditionality at the implementation level related with the Europeanisation processes, focusing on securitisation or stabilisation, democratisation and association. The case studies include Stabilisation and Association Process, Ohrid Framework Agreement, Security sector reform including police reform and EU security missions in the country. The conclusion of the thesis is that EU conditionality combined with the socialisation tools and support programmes, has been instrumental factor that has shaped the EU influence in the country and turned Macedonia into the recipient of the Europeanisation effects. It makes virtually impossible to disentangle the impact of the Europeanisation process from the fundamental processes of democratisation that dominated Macedonia's political landscape. The Ohrid reform strategy tackled the two most important concerns: stabilisation, and democratisation, bringing to completion the process that can be labelled as the process of 'candidate state building', another name of Europeanisation in Macedonia. The thesis shows that the Europeanisation concept was important element in understanding the changes seen in Macedonia and that its influence is not conditional on actual membership." Key words: EU, Macedonia, Europeanisation, conditionality, candidate state building, security sector reform.
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Janev, Goran. "The Informal Political Organization of Albanians and Macedonians in Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487057.
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This thesis explores the Macedonian conflict in 2001 from the perspective of everyday life. In the late winter radical nationalist militants National Liberation Army started a limited warfare against the government forces of Republic ofMacedonia. The NLA started fighting in the name of the Albanian minority and posed a serious security threat and polarised the Macedonian society on bases of ethnicity. The conflict in 2001 failed to produce ethnic war. Many factors contributed towards preventing the outbreak of civil war. Most important of all was the existence of the native model ofmulticulturalism. This model of multicultural accommodation is unexplored and this thesis is built around it. Various sources of evidence are brought together to explain it and to explain the ethnopolitical setting. The notion of reflexivity is central topic of discussion, or a key to understanding this multicultural model. First, reflexivity is investigated from the perspective of anthropological methodology and theory and second, reflexivity is explored in the everyday practice. In both guises reflexivity is taken to mean awareness ofthe potential power relations and as strife to balance, or cancel them. Reflexivity should be applied beyond the awareness and acknowledgement offieldworkers' presence in the field and anthropologists' has far greater impact in the field, to the extent that the anthropologist is the field. In the Macedonian setting of great ethnic mixture reflexivity is practiced in the everyday life as a guiding principle of balancing power relations that are based on the concept of mutual respect on individual level. The informal political organization of both l\1ac~donians and Albanians, expressed in the idiom ofkinship, that I set to explore before the violence erupted in the middle ofmy fieldwork, is very strong and competes with the bureaucratic mechanisms ofthe state and also minimised the efforts for ethnopolitical mobilisation. The multicultural practices based on respect and the strong informal political organization prevailed over the politics applied in its most radical form.
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Atay, Niyazi Gunes. "The Essence Of Eu Strategy In South East Europe? The Republic Of Macedonia." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605218/index.pdf.
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This thesis examines the South East European policy of the European Union, which promoted the prospect of a &lsquoUnited Europe&rsquo
. After the end of the bipolar world system, the ultimate aim of the East European countries has been the integration into the European Union. The transition and integration process, that they initiated in accordance with this aim, made up the basis of their relations with the Union. Nevertheless, the South East European countries, which became a sub-region within East Europe, joined to the process much later, due to the wars and instability, caused by ethnic conflicts within the region. The initiatives, established by the European Union for the region, did not come with the desired outcomes. However, after the Kosovo War, the Union established a deeper framework, with the mechanisms of the Stability Pact and the Stabilization and Association Process. On the other hand, the September-11 events, which led to the gradual withdrawal of the United States from the region, handed the responsibility to the Union. As a result of this, the Union accelerated the Stabilization and Association Process, thus torpedoed the Stability Pact. Within this context, the Republic of Macedonia became a significant component of this accelerated process. Especially, with the Stabilization and Association Agreement, came into force in April 2004, and the Mission Concordia, which is the first-ever military operation the Union, the European Union aroused its interest to the country. Consequently, within the regional framework, the Republic of Macedonia made up the essence of the Union&rsquo
s strategy in the region.
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Surapipith, Vanisa. "Air pollution in northern Czech Republic." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251568.
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Besimi, Fatmir I. "Monetary and exchange rate policy in the Republic of Macedonia during the process of accession to the European Union." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486895.
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Mikaelsson, Rickard. "Promoting Democracy : Sweden and the democratisation process in Macedonia." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2008. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2008/arts446s.pdf.
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Lyon, Aisling. "Decentralisation and the Management of Ethnic Conflict: A Case Study of the Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5693.
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This thesis considers the extent to which decentralisation in the Republic of Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has been effective in reducing ethnic inequalities that exacerbate social divisions and can lead to conflict. Guided by the concept of horizontal inequalities, it identifies the factors which influenced the decision to devolve responsibilities to the municipalities after 2001. It examines the particular institutional design that Macedonian decentralisation took, and demonstrates how its use of local power-sharing mechanisms was intended to address the concerns of the Albanian and Macedonian communities simultaneously. This thesis takes an integrative approach to studying the political, administrative, and fiscal dimensions of decentralisation's implementation, and considers whether the reform has indeed contributed to the reduction of inequalities between Macedonia's ethnic groups. Where decentralisation's potential has not been reached, obstacles to its successful implementation are identified. While decentralisation alone may be unable to address all of the grievances raised by the Albanian community prior to 2001, this thesis argues that the reform has the potential to address many of the horizontal inequalities that were responsible for raising inter-ethnic tensions during the 1990s. However, decentralisation in Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has only been partial, and advances in the administrative and political aspects of the reform have been undermined by limited progress in its fiscal dimension. Attempts to solve self-determination conflicts through decentralisation will fail if local self-governance exists only in form but not in substance.
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Tsukatos, George A. "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia implementing the Ohrid Framework Agreement and reforming the state." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Sept/08Sep%5FTsukatos.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Post Conflict Stabilization and Reconstruction))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Bruneau, Thomas ; Ear, Sophal. "September 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 5, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-106). Also available in print.
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Nordyke, Robert. "Privatization of health care provision in a transition economy : lessons from the Republic of Macedonia /." Santa Monica, CA : RAND, 2000. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs%5Fdissertations/RGSD155/.
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Kasseri, Alexandra. "Archaic trade in the northern Aegean : the case of Methone in Pieria, Greece." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:48f2cf91-f266-4d32-9521-680da39f0acd.
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Recent discoveries near the village of Nea Agathoupoli, in Pieria, Greece have revealed the remains of an ancient town, identifiable with the ancient town of Methone, a putative Eretrian colony founded, according to Plutarch, in ca. 733 BC. From the material excavated so far, the town’s zenith was in the Late Geometric and Archaic periods, well documented by the high amounts of imports from all regions of the ancient world, especially by imported transport vessels. The significant percentage of transport amphorae in comparison to that of fine pottery strongly indicates the settlement's commercial character and suggests that Methone was operating as a redistribution centre which supplied Macedonia's hinterland with goods. This study is based on unpublished pottery analyzed here, for the first time. Among the regions, whose products are most popular in Methone are Chios and Athens, although more Eastern Greek towns such as Samos and Miletus had trading relations with Methone, too. Settlers from the these regions may have established themselves in Methone, but the initiative for the foundation of the town was, most probably, taken by Euboeans, whose activity in the Northern Aegean, in the Geometric period, was strong. Alongside the abundant imported vessels, a large amount of locally made transport vessels was unearthed. These early archaic amphora types (early 6th century BC), which have also been found in other sites in the Northern Aegean and possibly Northern Ionia, have been known in literature by my study. The discovery of these local transport vessels reveals participation by the local population in trading transactions and manufacture of a product which was packaged and circulated among the Northern Aegean towns. A mixed cultural environment starts to form in archaic Methone and includes Euboeans, Eastern Greeks, local Thracians and others, including Macedonian neighbours. Having emerged as the most powerful military force of the area, the Macedonians residing in nearby Bottiaia, constantly expanding, were, arguably, involved in the commercial activities at Methone. This study suggests that because of Methone's geographical location and proximity to the capital of the Macedonian kingdom, Aigai (modern Vergina), Methone functioned as the capital's face to the sea, as the royal harbour of Macedonia, until it was destroyed by Philip II, in 354 BC when all activities related to trade moved to neighbouring Pydna. Methone's finds together with other Northern Aegean settlements mentioned in this study reveal how important, even indispensable, this part of the ancient world was to the commercial networks of the archaic Mediterranean. The Northern Aegean is, therefore, not only well integrated into networks connecting southern and Eastern Greece, Egypt and the Levantine coast, but constitutes a vital part of them from the 8th century BC, onwards.
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Todorov, Kiril <1978>. "Entrepreneurship influential factors in development of rural tourism as diversified rural activity in Republic of Macedonia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7029/.
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Rural tourism is relatively new product in the process of diversification of the rural economy in Republic of Macedonia. This study used desk research and life story interviews of rural tourism entrepreneurs as qualitative research method to identify prevalent success influential factors. Further quantitative analysis was applied in order to measure the strength of influence of identified success factors. The primary data for the quantitative research was gathered using telephone questionnaire composed of 37 questions with 5-points Likert scale. The data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) by SmartPLS 3.1.6. Results indicated that human capital, social capital, entrepreneurial personality and external business environment are predominant influential success factors. However, human capital has non-significant direct effect on success (p 0.493) nonetheless the effect was indirect with high level of partial mediation through entrepreneurial personality as mediator (VAF 73%). Personality of the entrepreneur, social capital and business environment have direct positive affect on entrepreneurial success (p 0.001, 0.003 and 0.045 respectably). Personality also mediates the positive effect of social capital on entrepreneurial success (VAF 28%). Opposite to the theory the data showed no interaction between social and human capital on the entrepreneurial success. This research suggests that rural tourism accommodation entrepreneurs could be more successful if there is increased support in development of social capital in form of conservation of cultural heritage and natural attractions. Priority should be finding the form to encourage and support the establishment of formal and informal associations of entrepreneurs in order to improve the conditions for management and marketing of the sector. Special support of family businesses in the early stages of the operation would have a particularly positive impact on the success of rural tourism. Local infrastructure, access to financial instruments, destination marketing and entrepreneurial personality have positive effect on success.
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Hitsiou, Elissavet. "Production and circulation of the late Neolithic pottery from Makrygialos (phase II), Macedonia, Northern Greece." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12788/.
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This thesis investigates the production technology and inter-site circulation of a large and diverse Late Neolithic ceramic assemblage from the newly excavated, flatextended settlement of Makrygialos, in Pieria, northern Greece. It argues for the use of macroscopic and petrographic analysis of a large number of samples from Makrygialos (Phase II) in a fully integrated project. Also incorporated are comparative samples from the contemporary settlements of Dimini, in Thessaly, and Agrosykia A and Giannitsa B, in western Macedonia. A large body of new evidence is presented, which sheds light on the manipulation of raw materials by ancient potters through detailed study of the production technology of distinct categories of pottery, for a better understanding of the role of technological choice in production. Locally produced and imported ceramic categories are found to co-exist. These may signify manufacture by different groups or individuals with varying degrees of technological knowledge and skill, possibly produced in different places, or distinct ceramic traditions. More importantly, petrographic analysis provides positive evidence of the long-distance movement of pots, contradicting previously established ideas on the circulation of pottery for this period. Such evidence illustrates a high level of complexity in the societal organisation of the studied communities that has until recently been largely underestimated. The emerging picture strongly supports the idea of a dynamic Neolithic society characterised by mobility and interaction between people, as revealed through their material culture.
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Klountzou, Theodora. "Europeanisation and the European security and defence policy : the case of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/47208/.
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This thesis seeks to develop an under-researched area of Europeanisation theory, namely the link between the ‘export' dimension of Europeanisation and the European Union's (EU) external crisis response instruments, and specifically the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). It examines the theory of Europeanisation and its relevant dimensions for this thesis, defining ‘Europeanisation' in this context as the export of European values, principles, structures, ideas and norms beyond the geographical borders of the EU. The thesis sets out to test whether ESDP operations can provide a vehicle for Europeanisation in the countries in which they are deployed. It examines the evolution of European Union security and defence policy and the evolution of the EU's operational military and civilian mission instrument, and employs case studies of operations in a specific country context in order to test whether ESDP operations can indeed be a practical mechanism with the potential to export the EU's norms and principles. The thesis employs case studies of three ESDP missions conducted in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (fYROM) - the military operation Concordia, and police missions Proxima and EUPAT. It explores whether these EU external instruments had a Europeanisation dimension, and whether and how in practice they contributed to Europeanisation. fYROM makes a germane case study as a new country emerging from crisis, on the EU's border, and in line for prospective future EU membership. The case studies show that the primary effect of the military operation Concordia, in contributing to the country's security and political stabilization and providing a visible and symbolic EU presence, was to provide a platform for subsequent Europeanisation. The follow-on Proxima and EUPAT civilian operations carried a more direct Europeanisation agenda and effect, playing an important role in transferring the EU's approach to addressing causes of conflict and contributing as part of the EU's wider efforts to promoting the integration of fYROM in the EU. The thesis concludes that ESDP operations can be a vehicle for exporting European values, principles and norms, and as such, a promoter of Europeanisation beyond the EU's borders. This research can contribute to deepening the area of Europeanisation theory concerned with export dimensions of the theory, and suggests there is academic value in examining the Europeanisation aspects of EU external instruments, including civilian and military operations in other case study contexts, including in countries well beyond the EU's neighbourhood. The research also highlights the value for the EU of conceptualising the ESDP mission instrument through a Europeanisation lens, in terms of maximising the transformative potential of the instrument as part of wider EU strategy to pursue normative, security and political objectives in its neighbourhood and the wider international sphere.
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Kagioglidis, Ioannis. "Religious education and the prevention of Islamic radicalization Albania, Britain, France and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FKagioglidis%5FNSA.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Yost, David S. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on 6 November 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Albania, Britain, France, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Islamic radicalization, religious education, terrorism. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-89). Also available in print.
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Swartz, Karen, and Junije Polozhani. "Us and Them : A study concerning how culture is perceived and taught in Sweden and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2461.
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The aim of this study is to investigate whether culture is perceived and taught in similar ways in regard to the study of English during the final year of compulsory schooling in Sweden and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. In order to achieve this, relevant parts of policy documents and teaching materials from both school systems are analyzed – based on a framework which was devised using Claire Kramsch’s definition of culture as a foundation – and discussed. Our findings indicate that culture is not perceived and taught similarly in regard to the study of English during the final year of compulsory schooling in the two school systems we examine. In Sweden, based upon that which is expressed in the policy documents, it appears that learning about culture is seen as a natural component of language learning. On the hand, this does not appear to be the case in regard to the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. While representations of culture are present in the teaching materials examined from each region, the ways in which it is portrayed reflect that which is set forth in the policy documents, i.e., culture is more fully integrated in the textbook used in Sweden than it is in the one used in Macedonian classrooms. Our study is of interest to those active within the field of education because an increasingly globalized world means that classes are being comprised of increasingly heterogeneous groups of students. Having insight into differences that exist between school systems may lead to a greater understanding of the situation that exists in one’s own corner of the world.
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Yannouli, Eftychia. "Aspects of animal use in prehistoric Macedonia, northern Greece : examples from the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272771.
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Engström, Jenny. "Democratisation and the prevention of violent conduct in south eastern Europe : the cases of Bulgaria and Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416582.
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Engstrom, Jenny Marika. "Democratisation and the prevention of violent conflict in south eastern Europe : the cases of Bulgaria and Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1800/.
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This thesis critically examines the common notion that the process of democratisation in multiethnic societies is directly linked with the emergence of ethnic nationalism and violent inter-communal conflict. Whereas generally assuming a positive relationship between democracy and the absence of violent conflict on the national as well as international level, academic studies maintain that this positive correlation does not apply to the actual process of democratisation, which, it is thought, may heighten interethnic tension and increase the risk of armed conflict in divided societies. Exposing the flaws in this argument, this thesis offers an alternative account of the relationship between democratisation and interethnic relations, suggesting that the former can in fact help to prevent violent conflict in societies divided along ethnic lines. Drawing on literature from democratisation theory and peace and conflict studies, and applying it to two case studies, Bulgaria and the Republic of Macedonia, this thesis shows that the development of democracy - albeit flawed - helped to moderate inter-communal tension between the ethnic Bulgarian majority and the Turkish minority in Bulgaria, and the ethnic Macedonian and Albanian communities in Macedonia. Comparing the experiences of Bulgaria and Macedonia in the 1990s, this thesis further suggests that the existence of unresolved issues over the gratification of certain fundamental human needs such as identity, security and recognition, amongst ethnic communities in heterogeneous societies must be resolved outside of the liberal democratic process, since needs are non-negotiable and as such cannot be bargained over through the democratic process. Furthermore, without some measure of national/political unity that is inclusive of ethnic communities, peaceful democratisation will be seriously undermined. Additionally, an aspect that has not been adequately accounted for in studies on democratisation in ethnically plural societies is the way in which the external security environment influences the domestic process of democratisation.
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Williams, Jonathan Hugh Creer. "Rome and the Celts of Northern Italy in the Republic." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282006.
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Radke, Melissa Vachudová Milada Anna. "European Union influence on violent ethnic conflict in Europe case studies of Northern Ireland, País Vasco, and FYR Macedonia /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2010. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2953.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2010.Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 23, 2010). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Political Science, Concentration TransAtlantic Studies." Discipline: Political Science; Department/School: Political Science.
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Sharp, Ian R. "The Triassic to Tertiary sedimentary, tectonic and magmatic evolution of the Pelagonian and Vardar (Axios) zones, Macedonia, northern Greece." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12917.
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An integrated sedimentological, stratigraphical, structural and geochemical study has been used to establish the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Pelagonian and Vardar (Axios) zone in N Greece. This is a key area for understanding the evolution of the Neotethyan ocean. The Pelagonian zone is interpreted as a rifted (Gondwana derived) continental fragment, whilst the Vardar zone formed a bordering Neotethyan ocean basin to the E. This study concentrated on the W part of the Vardar zone (Almopias subzone). A major aim of this thesis is to establish the evolution of sequences along the Pelagonian continent-Almopias ocean interface, from Permo-Triassic to Tertiary time. Rifting of the Almopias zone was probably initiated in the Permo-Triassic, resulting in ocean basin formation (WPB to MORB-type crust) by at least Upper Triassic (Vryssi Unit), and deposition of a clastic sequence in the Pelagonian zone followed by the establishment of a thick sequence of algal marbles during the Mid Triassic to ?Liassic (Pelagonian platform). Thus a clear W-E proximal to distal facies change from the Pelagonian zone to the Almopias zone can be recognised. Intraplatformal basins also developed within the Pelagonian zone at this time, whilst the Likostomo/Livadia-Klissochori-Rhizarion fragment possibly represented an isolated rifted fragment (Pelagonian derived) in the Almopias zone. By at least the L-M Jurassic a ocean basin existed in the Almopias zone. Its E limited was marked by subduction beneath the Paikon arc. During the M Jurassic the Pelagonian platform underwent dramatic subsidence associated with the transition to a foreland basin ahead of emplacing ophiolite nappes and parts of a subduction-accretion complex. Geochemical and stratigraphical data suggest a Pindos derivation. MORB, WPB and BSV volcanics are present. Complete subduction of the Almopias ocean also took place at this time by a combination of subduction beneath the Paikon arc and collision between the Paikon and Likostomo-Livadia fragments with the E margin of the Pelagonian zone. This was associated with transpressional (dextral) deformation and metamorphism of the E Pelagonian zone (Eohellenic event). A transgressive cover of Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian age throughout the Pelagonian and Vardar zones dates the age of ophiolite emplacement and Eohellenic deformation.
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Atanasova, Minova Vesna <1966>. "Diversity and local democracy. The case of Republic of Macedonia - implications of ethnic diversity on municipal decision making and organizational performance." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5597/.
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This research seeks to review the level of knowledge achieved in interpreting the relationship between the ethnic diversity at the workplace in the public sector and the organizational performance; as well as seeks to contribute in understanding the implications of this relationship.
The study commenced with investigating the academic research in the relevant area addressing the following research questions: (a) How are diversity management and organizational performance conceptualized? (b) What are the existing findings of research concerning diversity at the workplace in the public organizations and organizational performance? (c) What factors intervene the relationship between the diversity and organizational performance? Based on the findings from the review of the academic research, this study seeks to contribute in understanding the ethnic diversity – performance relationship and its mplications at the local level in the Macedonian context. The reform process in Macedonia as a multicultural society, where for many years, inter-ethnic relations have been one of the most sensitive political issues, affecting both the stability of the country and the progress, focused mainly on the implementation of the decentralization and inclusion of ethnic minorities in the decision making process. With the implementation of the Ohrid Framework Agreement workforce at the units of local self-government in Republic of Macedonia is becoming more balanced with respect to ethnic minorities, with more workforce participation than ever by Albanians, Turks, Roma and other minorities. As public organizations at local level become more diverse along ethnic lines, it makes sense to pay more attention to how different ethnic groups interact with one another at work. Thus it gives additional importance on the research question addressed in the study and gives significance of the research in a broader scope.
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Ripiloski, Sasho, and sash1982@optusnet com au. "Macedonia 1991-2001: a case-study of conflict prevention - lessons learned and broader theoretical implications." RMIT University. Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090507.141532.
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Notwithstanding a broad range of internal and external stresses, Macedonia was the only republic to attain its independence peacefully from the otherwise violent disintegration of the former Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. Subject of a timely and sustained international response, it was feted as a rare preventive success for the international community. Whilst not necessarily decisive, this mobilisation helped ensure a non-violent transition to independence. Yet, much to the surprise of outside observers, Macedonia would fall into conflict a decade after independence, when self-styled freedom fighters purporting to represent the local Albanian community launched an eight-month insurgency in the name of political and cultural equality. Triggered by a coalescence of political, nationalist, ideological and criminal interests, the insurgency had complex roots, as much an intra-Albanian putsch as a struggle for greater group rights. Regardless of their precise genesis, from the perspective of conflict prevention, the events of 2001 challenge popular assumptions of Macedonia as an international success story. Above all, they reinforce the need for external actors to incorporate short-term strategies of prevention targeting immediate sources of instability within a more comprehensive, long-term framework that addresses structural, underlying conflict causes. Indeed, whilst proximate threats to Macedonian stability were addressed, fundamental risk factors remained, namely social polarisation, a large ethnic minority disenfranchised with the state, economic under-development, high levels of organised crime and corruption, a weak rule-of-law and continuing regional uncertainty. These were partly aggravated by the mistakes of a complacent international community, whose engagement in the country, accordingly, receded over time. In particular, the dissertation is critical of the European Union for its initial failure to articulate a genuine pathway to membership for Macedonia and the broader western Balkans, as well as the handling of NATO's military intervention in neighbouring Kosovo. Of course, in any preventive endeavour, the international community can only do so much; in the first instance, responsibility lay with unresponsive Macedonian institutions, who failed to adequately address legitime Albanian demands dating from independence. Be that as it may, the international community was culpable for its failure to sufficiently apply the formidable soft-power leverage it wields over a weak Macedonian state to implement reforms that, conceivably, could have precluded the outbreak of armed conflict. As a case-study of prevention, Macedonia holds instructive lessons for scholars and policymakers. Yet it remains under-researched. Examining the period 1991-2001, this investigation analyses precisely why and how Macedonia avoided violence during the process of Yugoslav dissolution yet ultimately fell into conflict, and extrapolates broader lessons that may be applied to other at-risk societies. Its purpose is to advance understanding of a poorly understood country, and contribute knowledge to key on-going international security debates. Highlighting the inter-connectedness and trans-national character of contemporary security threats, it posits that the major powers have a practical interest in addressing emerging intra-state crises, even when the putative national interest appears marginal. To facilitate more timely multilateral responses, it calls for the de-nationalisation of security, and its conceptualisation in international - as opposed to strictly national - terms.
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Karaev, Aleksandar. "A comparison of cluster members and non cluster members in transition economies : the case of Bulgaria, Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) and Serbia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7451/.
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This research aims to determine the impact of the cluster approach on the competitiveness of cluster members in clusters in transition countries. The project focuses on cases in Bulgaria, Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) and Serbia. The study provides a critical review of the cluster literature, which then leads to data analysis, deriving conclusions and providing recommendations based on the findings from the research. Aiming at building on strengths and compensating for weaknesses of both approaches, the mixed method research, using both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies was used, based on deductive research approach. In addition to descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc analysis, factor analysis and regression analysis were used as main statistical tools for answering the research questions. The main findings are that cluster phenomenon in selected countries in South East Europe is very different from the one in industrialized countries and there is no statistical evidence that clusters contribute to improving the competitiveness of the cluster members. On the other hand the companies which are not involved in cluster initiatives, do not see any disadvantage as a result of “being out of the game”. Furthermore, cluster members in the selected countries have received only limited additional benefits which are not accessible to the non-members. The main benefit that cluster members in selected countries receive is access to information, business partners and business supporting organisations, but those benefits have not resulted in an increase of their competitiveness. One of the key contributions of this research is that for the first time it provides evidence about the influence of clusters on competitiveness of the cluster members in transition economies in the South East Europe. There is also no other study in this part of Europe that compares the business performance of cluster members to non-members.
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Saumur, Benoit-Michel. "Serpentinites and garnet peridotites from an oceanic subduction complex in northern Dominican Republic." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27917.
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Subduction related rocks in northern Dominican Republic, Hispaniola, formed during the convergence of Proto-Caribbean oceanic lithosphere (part of North American plate) under the Caribbean plate between the Cretaceous and the mid-Eocene. Subduction was terminated by the oblique collision of the Bahamas Platform, which produced strike-slip faults, such as the Septentrional and Camu Faults. Serpentinites in two large inliers, the Puerto Plata Basement Complex (PPBC) and the Rio San Juan Complex (RSJC), were examined. Serpentinites are divided in three types based on their spatial distribution and their bulk rock and mineral chemistry. Serpentinites from the PPBC and the northern RSJC are slightly foliated and are composed of pseudomorphic lizardite and dusty magnetite. They have bulk rock compositions and Cr-spinel compositions similar to abyssal peridotites, and are interpreted to be hydrated abyssal peridotites. Serpentinites in central RSJC, which form melanges containing blueschist and eclogite blocks, are composed of blady antigorite and chlorite that overprint pseudomorphic lizardite. Bulk rock compositions of these serpentinites suggest that they are abyssal peridotites hydrated on the sea floor. They were subducted and exhumed along the subduction plane together with blocks of blueschist and eclogite in a serpentinite-rich subduction channel. Finally, serpentinites near the major strike-slip fault zones are composed of pseudomorphic lizardite and magnetite, and have low Al and Ti compared to abyssal peridotite. They contain Cr-spinels with relatively high Cr# (Cr/[Cr+Al] atomic ratio) between 0.48--0.70. The data suggest that they are forearc mantle peridotites hydrated by slab-derived fluids at the base of the mantle wedge. Their presence along late strike-slip fault zones suggests that the fault zones directly tap the mantle wedge and that buoyant serpentinites protruded along the fault zones in response to transpressive collision. Furthermore, the presence of high pressure and ultra-high pressure rocks near the fault zones suggests that serpentinites may have played a role in the late stages of exhumation of these rocks, either by incorporating them during the protrusion or by lubricating the fault zone. In addition, the serpentinite along the fault zones could have facilitated aseismic creep.
Cr-spinels in serpentinites near the Septentrional Fault Zone are different from northern localities since they show gradational compositionally zoning; rims contain moderately high Fe2O3, FeO and Cr 2O3, and slightly low MgO and Al2O3 compared to cores. Furthermore, chlorite containing symplectic intergrowth of magnetite commonly surrounds chromite, forming partial to complete coronas. The ferritchromit and chlorite are interpreted as reaction products of spinel, magnetite and serpentine. Ferritchromit has been reported in rocks metamorphosed to amphibolite facies conditions, but ferritchromit from Dominican Republic contains less Fe and greater concentrations of Mg and Al than ferritchromit reported elsewhere. In addition, samples lack obvious evidence of thermal metamorphism: tremolite and cummingtonite are locally present in some samples, which suggests local heating, however ail samples are dominated by lizardite, which is metastable at high temperatures. Therefore, poorly developed ferritchromit in Dominican Republic likely formed at low temperatures. Alternatively, ferritchromit formed during a short lived heating event during the intrusion of the Rio Boba Gabbroic Suite north of the Septentrional Fault Zone or during the ascent of the serpentinites through the hot interior of the mantle wedge.
Septentrional Fault Zone serpentinites are associated with garnet- and corundum-bearing wehrlites in the southern portions of the RSJC. Low concentrations in Ir-type platinum group elements and low Mg (Fo75--82) in olivine confirm that these rocks are cumulates. Clinopyroxene compositions are similar to those from other arc rocks, suggesting that clinopyroxene formed in a supra-subduction zone environment. Preliminary bulk rock data showing high concentrations of alkali and alkali-earth elements also suggest such an environment. Corundum occurs as inclusions in garnet, suggesting that it crystallized prior or during garnet formation during prograde metamorphism. Furthermore, textural evidence suggests that garnet, corundum, and clinopyroxene formed spinel and a liquid under ultrahigh pressure conditions. Preliminary results suggest that the garnet peridotites were recrystallized during prograde metamorphism.
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Polatoglu, Gamze. "Public Opinion And Thequestion Of Turkish Cypriot Identity In Turkish Republic Of Northern Cyprus." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611875/index.pdf.
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This study explores how Turkish Cypriot identity is defined by Turkish Cypriot opinion leaders and Turkish Cypriot media in view of the longstanding interethnic dispute prevailing in the island. After a short historical review of the problem with reference to interethnic conflict and theoretical considerations pertinent to identity formation, short theoretical account of media and opinion formation, the state of the press in TRNC is displayed. This is followed by the analysis of the indepth interviews conducted within a sample of opinion leaders in TRNC and the press content in the Northern Cyprus at times which can be considered as turning points in the course of the unification negotiations. As for a conclusion, in the light of the findings, the question of whether or not the controversy around the national identity is self reproducing is tried to be answered.
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Mertkan, Sefika. "Leadership capacity building for sustainable educational reform in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11768/.
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This study examines the recent educational reform initiatives in North Cyprus with particular emphasis on (1) building head teachers' capacity to lead instructional development and organisational improvement, and (2) improving the system capacity to support head teachers in the effective undertaking of their roles. The study frames the current domain of headship in North Cyprus within the external system infrastructure in which head teachers operate, illustrates the national framework for building head teachers' capacity to lead, and looks at how the existing opportunities for leadership capacity building can be enhanced, along with the system infrastructure, to provide a context within which the enhanced capacity can be realised. The study employs a mixed-method design with an inductive drive, where the qualitative paradigm has a dominant and the quantitative has a supplemental status. Surveys, qualitative interviews, and documentary analysis were used to answer the research questions the study explores. Findings clearly show that the case of North Cyprus is an instance of 'vernacular globalisation'. Implemented in a very 'glocal' context in response to very particular problems, the reforms are influenced by local histories and narratives of the nation as much as by such global imperatives as the heightened need for up-skilled citizens. The study reveals that head teachers operate within a highly centralised system, which lacks infrastructure, a strong focus on teaching and learning, and credible monitoring and evaluation systems. It is common for heads to spend a significant amount of time dealing with bureaucratic and operational matters, and questions of instruction and professional development seem to be beyond their remit. This is a condition that needs to change. There are also significant problems with the professional development opportunities for head teachers that must be addressed. Keywords: Educational Reform, Educational Change, Educational Leadership, Capacity-Building, Education Policy
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Schoenberger, Laura. "Crossing the line : the changing nature of highlander cross-border trade in northern Vietnam." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99599.
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This thesis investigates how changing Vietnamese state control over the Vietnam-China border has impacted cross-border trade networks and livelihoods of border residents in Lao Cai province, North Vietnam. The investigation uses information from qualitative research with 91 marketplace traders and border officials at four crossing points in the province. I find that state control over the border and cross-border trade has increased as this trade has been progressively brought within legal parameters from 1954 to 2005.By taking a commodity chain approach to investigate the trade networks of three locally produced goods that move across the border I discuss the complex interactions of state policy, social relations and location factors in shaping contemporary cross-border trade. This investigation suggests that state policy to encourage small scale cross-border trade and new tradable commodities are increasing the livelihood options available to border residents in the province.
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Ivory, Gareth E. "The political parties of the Republic of Ireland and the Northern Ireland question 1980-1995." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287963.
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Bridges, K. S. "Deposition processes and their impact on a heavily industrialized region of the northern Czech Republic." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266752.
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Maehara, N. "Shifting perceptions, emotions, and memories : Japanese women in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679221.
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Through an autoethnographical approach, and interviews and participant observations with forty women who migrated from Japan during the past two decades and are now living in Northern Ireland and the Republic, this thesis documents the dynamic subjectivities of individual migrants: the ways in which their emotions, perceptions and memories are formed by specific globalising forces and the peculiar dynamics of transnational families. The following questions have been considered: (1) what prompted these women to leave Japan and migrate to Ireland! Northern Ireland?; (2) how did they make adjustments to the cultural and physical distance between their own and their husbands' home country?; (3) in shifting social settings and cultural contexts, how did they recreate a sense of belonging?; and (4) how were their subjectivities shaped and reshaped in changing relationships and emotional involvements with families 'here' and 'there'? In examining these questions, this study reconsiders two themes that have been central to contemporary studies of migration, transnationalism and cosmopolitanism: the role of global imaginary in shaping people's perceptions of places as loci of possibility (or lack of possibility); and shifting and situated senses of belonging. Some theories of affect, emotion, acculturation, and perception are also applied in order to explore the links between individuals' subjectivities and social-cultural forms.
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Anam, Khandaker I. "Petrology and geochemistry of some high pressure rocks from northern part of Rio San Juan complex, Dominican Republic." FIU Digital Commons, 1993. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1284.
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The Rio San Juan Complex is an important occurrence of high pressure/low temperature rocks in the circum-Caribbean region which contains both coherent blueschist units and two varieties of melange in the same area. The melanges contain a diverse assemblage of blocks of various sizes, different degrees of metamorphism, and mineral assemblages. Some high pressure blocks show two stages of metamorphism. The earliest stage is characterized by high pressure-low temperature conditions and the second stage is characterized by high pressure-lower temperature conditions. The geochemistry of thirteen samples from the Rio San Juan Complex has been studied and data have been compared with rocks of adjacent regions. Geochemical evidence indicates that rocks from the Rio San Juan Complex have predominant calc-alkaline affinities with subordinate tholeiitic affinities. This suggests that they have a multiple tectonic provenance.
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Riddell, Michael A. "Hunting and rural livelihoods in northern Republic of Congo : local outcomes of integrated conservation and development." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550575.
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The over-hunting of wildlife, often referred to as the 'bushmeat crisis', presents a threat to both biodiversity and the livelihoods of people reliant upon this resource. The 'crisis' is representative of governance challenges in the wider forest sector in Western-Central Africa. Conservation interventions addressing these challenges aim to ensure sustainable use of wildlife, to support rural livelihoods and access of rural populations to bushmeat, and improve overall governance of wildlife. In Central Africa, those conservation interventions which address natural resource use are highly centralised, often taking the form of Integrated Conservation and Development Projects. Using the case study of the Upper Motaba River in northern Republic of Congo, the main research question of this thesis asks whether this form of conservation intervention is able to achieve the desired local-level outcomes. The research is inter-disciplinary and situated within a political ecology framework, which recognizes that environmental change is the product of socio-political processes. The research findings demonstrate that the methods used by the ICDP to assess the sustainability of hunting were unable to distinguish between changes in hunter behaviour and changes in wildlife populations. Furthermore, none of the expected eo-benefits of a conservation intervention in the 'bushmeat crisis' were achieved. The conservation strategy was over-reliant on extractive data collection, delivered a poorly conceived form of development, and did not incorporate local institutions into wildlife management. This conservation approach was not able to adapt to the rapidly changing context which was heavily influenced by commercial forestry. The findings highlight the need for conservation interventions to focus on the process through which they engage rural communities in order to monitor and achieve sustainability without undermining the well-being role of natural resources. Further research should focus on expanding this body of work by making wider comparisons of sustainability and well-being outcomes among different land management systems in northern Congo.
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Le, Blanc Allison Renee. "Lake Sediment-Based Reconstructions of Late-Holocene Lowland Environments of Dominican Republic and Barbuda, Northern Caribbean." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/92589.
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Questions remain regarding the impacts of late-Holocene human activities and environmental change on landscapes of the Caribbean islands. This dissertation examined the long-term environmental history of two sites in the northern Caribbean primarily through the analysis of proxy data sources contained in sediment cores. At Laguna Alejandro, a coastal lagoon in the southwestern Dominican Republic, we interpreted, from sediment lithology and stable oxygen isotope data, at least ten storm events over the past 1,000 years, producing the first long record of storm activity from the island. During the Little Ice Age (1400−1800 CE), we interpreted an increased frequency of hurricane landfalls at the study site with longer ecosystem recovery times and decreased fire activity versus during earlier, more moist periods of the late-Holocene. At Freshwater Pond, an inland pond on Barbuda, we interpreted vegetation disturbance from presence of disturbance pollen taxa and biomass burning near the pond from abundance of macroscopic (>125 µm) charcoal from sediments representing ~150 BCE–1250 CE, with consistency of burning and human history on the island informed by the archaeological record suggesting fire activity was primarily due to Pre-Columbian inhabitants. Microscopic charcoal analysis indicated that extra-local burning, primarily island-wide, continued until ~1610 CE then declined, possibly reflecting a change in land-use practices by Europeans who entered the region in 1492 CE and established a permanent settlement on the island in the 1660s. My study on modern pollen from surface soils and sediments, the first from lowland seasonally-dry vegetation of the Greater Antilles, informed our ideas on vegetation-pollen representation in different plant communities, including tropical dry forest, thorn forest, mangrove, mudflat, and lagoon. My modern pollen results also aided in the interpretation of stratigraphic pollen in the study of nearby L. Alejandro’s sediments and revealed changes in floristic composition at the study site through time. Pollen of maize (Zea mays) and Prosopis juliflora in sediments representing ~1760 CE document human subsistence agriculture and disturbance to tropical dry forest in the watershed.PHD
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Lekkas, Charalampos. "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia : the emergence of the 'New Macedonian Question' in the remains of Second Yugoslavia. Survivability of the New PostCold War state in the Balkans." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401454.
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Tsobanoglou, Georgios Odysseus Carleton University Dissertation Sociology. "The political sociology of a labour reserve: post-war northern Greece and the Federal Republic of Germany." Ottawa, 1991.
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Kara, Can Serim Erkal. "Sustinable tourism development in small Island developing states.Turkish republic of northern Cyprus (TRNC) as a case study/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2003. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/sehirplanlama/T000284.rar.
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Ozbafli, Aygul. "Estimating the willingness to pay for a reliable electricity supply in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3265/.
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This dissertation estimates households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for an improved electricity service in North Cyprus. Stated WTP is estimated using choice experiments (CE), contingent valuation methods (CVM), and approximated using the averting expenditure (AE) method. These estimates rely on data collected from 350 in-person interviews conducted during the period August 5-22, 2008. Using the Tobit model, an average household’s averting expenditures are estimated to be 3.13 YTL/month. In the CVM section, the spike model with varying spike, varying mean, and constant standard error specification results in a median WTP of 23.03 YTL per month and a mean WTP of 29.14 YTL per month. Using CE, compensating variation estimates for eliminating summer and winter outages are calculated using parameter estimates from the mixed logit (ML) model with interactions. The compensating variation is 6.65 YTL per month and 25.83 YTL per month respectively. Among the three valuation methodologies, WTP per hour unserved ranges from 0.13 YTL (0.11 USD) to 1.22 YTL (1.03 USD). In order to avoid the cost of outages, households are willing to incur a 1.5%-13.5% increase in their monthly electricity bill.
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Welty, Elizabeth. "Citizenship education in the global era : a comparative case study of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603561.
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This thesis explores how citizenship education is preparing children for life in the global, multicultural era. Globalisation is impacting upon the understanding and practice of citizenship, and multiculturalism as a key manifestation that the education systems are increasingly accommodating. This thesis uses a variety of multicultural and education concepts to describe how globalisation is translated into educational curricula designed to prepare children for life in the global era. It presents the findings from a comparative case study in the North and South of Ireland, focusing on how the curriculum policy, Principals, teachers and children from two secondary schools, with a diverse student body, conceptualise citizenship and multicultural ism as part of the citizenship education curriculum. This thesis focuses on the connections and disconnections between how citizenship and multiculturalism are framed in curriculum policy and children's understanding of these concepts mediated through citizenship education. In particular it shows that a disconnect exists between the way in which adults and children who were interviewed conceptualised and implemented citizenship. From the adults' perspective, the primary conceptualisation of citizenship was an under-theorised, arguably superficial engagement with 'Active Citizenship'. The children involved in this research indicated disinterest and disempowerment toward this version of active citizenship presented by the teachers. With regards to multiculturalism, there was more cohesion between the curriculum policy orientation toward liberal ism and the children's liberal and plural conceptualisations of diversity. Within these generalised themes, there were distinctions in the way curriculum policy, Principals, teachers and children conceptualised and implemented citizenship and multiculturalism due to the specific socio-cultural context in each jurisdiction. Whilst, conceptualisations of citizenship and multiculturalism did emerge, there was a recognition amongst the children interviewed that they did not possess an adequate range of concept, definitions and language to discuss citizenship and multiculturalism in the global era . In order to explore a range of concepts describing active citizenship and multiculturalism in the global era, a working model has been developed (grounded in the literature reviewed and data analysed) that considers various orientations toward active citizenship and multiculturalism.
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MacLeod, Alan Stuart. "The United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, United States and the conflict in Northern Ireland, August 1971 - September 1974." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3359/.
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This thesis offers a new interpretation of the international history of the early period of Northern Ireland’s ‘Troubles’. Such a revision is necessary given the recently released material in the national archives of the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and the United States, and in the personal archives of those involved. Furthermore, by adopting a different methodology, made possible by the recent archive material, further new perspectives emerge of the international dimension. Rather than taking a single element of the international history of the Troubles – for example, the ‘Irish dimension’, ‘American dimension’, the Cold War, or European integration – this thesis takes a multidimensional approach analysing the impact of the interactions of each of the international actors. The starting point for this multidimensional analysis is the introduction of internment without trial on 9 August 1971. This was not just a significant event in Northern Ireland, but also had the effect of internationalising the Troubles. Over the months that followed the international dimension developed two distinct spheres of activity – a political sphere and a security sphere. Different combinations of actors interacted in each of these spheres. In addition to the moderate Northern Irish parties, the British and Irish governments participated in the political sphere. The US government eventually ruled itself out of this sphere following the US presidential election in November 1972, but only after it had flirted with intervention. However, interventions by the US Congress’s ‘Irish Caucus’ continued. Meanwhile, in the security sphere, comprehensive Anglo-Irish security cooperation proved impossible to achieve. Instead, Anglo-American and Hiberno-American security cooperation developed – with Dublin eventually exerting as much of an influence on US policy as the UK. However, the US government’s attempts to supress IRA support were seriously restricted by the administration’s unwillingness to pick a fight with the Irish Caucus. The international dimension was an integral component of the peace process that resulted in the establishing of a cross-community power-sharing executive and the Sunningdale Agreement of December 1973. Even when this process was brought to an end by a Protestant backlash in May 1974 the principles developed during this period were confirmed and were to be central to future peace initiatives in Northern Ireland, including the Good Friday Agreement.
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Biçak, Hasan Ali. "The impact of the European Economic Community on the economic structure of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35468.
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The Cyprus problem started in 1963 with the first coup of the Greeks. The second coup in 1974 by the Greeks aimed to annex Cyprus to Greece and the counter intervention of Turkey led Cyprus being divided into two. The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) in the North and the Greek Cypriot Administration in the South. This research uses input-output theory in analysing the economic structure of TRNC in 1986. Descriptive analysis, enabled comparison of the two economies of the Island. Linkage analysis provided a better understanding of the interindustry relations. Computation of type I and type II output, income, and employment multipliers, and the source of output, income, employment and competitive imports for final demand categories gave a further information about the structural interdependencies of the industries. Using Klein's adopted model for the TRNC economy, OLSQ, LSQ, 2SLS, and NL-2SLS estimation methods are compared in their backward and forward performances over a period of 1977-1988. Dynamic multipliers are also computed. Financial aid received from Turkey was 11 times more effective than aid received from the EEC. Forward projections showed that unless the financial aid received from the EEC is given with respect to need rather than to the projects in the South, or a separate agreement is made with the TRNC, then the present financial aid has very negligible effect on the TRNC economy.
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Campbell-Thomson, Olga. "Exploring the process of national identity construction in the context of schooling in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-the-process-of-national-identity-construction-in-the-context-of-schooling-in-the-turkish-republic-of-northern-cyprus(2b7095ab-336b-4a14-870b-78581b03b51e).html.
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The research reported in this thesis explores national identity construction by students in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). A lower secondary school (6-8 grades, 11-14 years) was the site where the research took place. The study was designed to examine the relationship between students’ construction of national identity and their educational experience. The aim was to reveal and examine the sense of national self this age-group of students in Northern Cyprus had, how through their education they were placed in the immediate community and the broader social and geo-political space, and what factors contributed to the process of the construction of their national identification. The study was undertaken using multimedia data collection methods, specifically (1) primary texts; (2) interviews with students, teachers, school managers, textbooks writers and officials from the Ministry of Education; and (3) on-site observation of the school at work and lessons. The analytic framing for enquiry was based on Foucault's programme of investigation of the constitution of the subject, which approached the process of national identity construction as an interplay of the structural environment of schooling and of individuals’ agency, revealed through a set of practices. The study findings indicated that the schooling experience played a distinct role in shaping national identities of students. The school was shown to actively promote the state, the TRNC, where the school was located. The state rituals and state ideology were reproduced through school practices, which modeled prescriptive patterns of state structures but were also seen as ‘school-specific’. Viewed as such, school practices, through which the students were positioned as belonging to their state, reproduced and sustained the social norms practiced in society. The patterns of students’ positioning as belonging to their state reflected conflicting conditions of the existence of the TRNC. Through their schooling experience, the students were positioned as belonging to the same national group. At the same time, the students were shown to be capable of strategizing in making their individual choices of self-positioning in relationship to the world of states and nations. Several interrelated factors contributing to the process of national identity construction were identified as education policies, schooling environment, teachers’ agency and students’ agency. Theorized through Foucault’s analytic concepts of technologies these factors were seen as parts of the same process and were clustered into a diagram mapping the technologies in relation to one another as four interrelated factors.
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Most, Thomas. "Geodynamic evolution of the Eastern Pelagonian zone in north-western Greece and the Republic of Macedonia implications from U/Pb, Rb/Sr, K/Ar, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and fission track thermochronology /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96650268X.
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Crook, Lynne Victoria. "Bordering on laughter : The uses and abuses of comedy in novels from northern Ireland and the republic of Ireland (1988 - present)." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504197.
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Tannam, Etain. "Trespassing on borders? : the European community and the relationships between Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic : a test of neo-functionalism." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1318/.
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