Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'République démocratique et sociale'
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Ngoma, Samuel. "Agriculture et protection sociale au Congo." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10031.
Full textThe congolese rural societies know a true mutation; a situation of crisis : the populations which formerly made a profit on the social protection, garanted by the essential of their social needs, with difficulties to satisfy the essential of their social needs, with the disaggregation of the clanish solidarity and the failure of the state on the matter of the social policy. In front of the lost of the income, the deterioration of the state of health, the increasing of mortality, the acceleration of the rural exodus and the insalubrity, the peasants are aware of the necessity of an auto-organisation
Nkongo, Diamana. "Le système de protection sociale au Congo : bilan et perspectives." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090099.
Full textLikouka, Ferdinand Sosthène. "Situation et devenir du système de protection sociale au Congo." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40013.
Full textIn the old days, in traditional congolese society, the notion of "individual fate" didn't exist ouside the community: the social needs of the individuals were secured by small entities such as the clan, the village and the family. Belonging to those entities garanteed a certain "security". With the modernization of the congolese society, those entities have broken up and find it more and more difficult, when they live on, to set up actions of "security" intended to protect their members from certain social needs and from the late growing extent of those needs. The modern systems of social security set up to go with the pervert effects of the modernization and growing "salarization" of the economy in the fifties could not enswe most of the population the right to social security. On the contrary, the personal field of application of the current mechanics of social protection remains in the favour of the salaried workers, that is to say the very ones who, due to their security of employment and income, can appear as priviledged. The complaints of the excluded population, longing for better living, working and health conditions, meet the inability for the state to bring out sufficient means, since the process of development of the country makes unsatisfied needs appear simultaneously and everywhere: unemployment, housing, health, education etc. . . Consequently, one has to imagine other forms of social protection or to relax the current mechanics of social security so that they can integrate other categories of the population (indepent workers among others). As for the paupers,the mecanics of social insurance seen to be the only ones adapted to their social welfare nowadays. If it is so, to what extent will this social welfare grow given that, on the one hand, the paupers sand for the major category of the country and that, on the other hand, the welfare state is falling off day after day? Obviously, the future of the congolese system of social protection is quite incertain
Molongo, Casimir. "Le "fétichisme", une pratique sociale courante en Afrique et ses effets sur les sportifs congolais." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070057.
Full textThat document first sets out a brief picture on the main causes of the bad performances of sportsmen of the congolese high level, before deeply analysing the consequences dues to the immoderate belief to "fetishes" and their usage in sport. This captivating factor is double edged, bcause apart from psychological advantages it brings to sportsmen, it is the cause of many negative effects in our society. Let's conclude like this, because the miraculous results that sportsmen and leaders of congolese clubs expect from it, make that training has lost its worth for developing physical aptitudes of elites of all the sporty disciplines in the congo
Ngayou, Gaston. "La société congolaise : formation sociale et problèmes méthodologiques : critique des idéologies." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100046.
Full textIdeology is not only a falsified representation of reality but also a factor as relevant as any other factor concerning the social structure. Ideology and culture enter the conceptual structure of historical sciences which both take place at one and the same time as productive forces and significant practices in the field of social practices. All the theses of occidental anthropology on african societies reduce their structures to the ideological opposition between tradition and modernity. African societies are original formations, which lie on the articulation of internal and external factors. The general concepts of colonial formation, colonial mode of production etc. , which think together history and culture allow to express this originality
Bohm, Sigur. "Utopie sociale et esthétique d'opposition en RDA : de la tradition de l'exil à la pensée dissidente (1933-1989)." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040006.
Full textIn east Germany, the breakdown of the socialist utopia in 1989 and the question of German unity since then are studied from the viewpoint of the history of ideas and of the "aesthetics of opposition" in the GDR. To this end, attention is focused on how, from 1933 to 1945, German opponents of nazism who had emigrated to the united states responded to the "crisis of reason". Special attention is paid, on the one hand, to Anna Seghers, Ernst Bloch, Bertolt Brecht and Lion Feuchtwanger and, on the other, to Hannah Arendt and Hans Sahl. Although these two groups of emigrants stood together in their opposition to nazis, they were divided over stalinism. Their differences of opinion considerably affected cultural life on both east and West Germany. In the east, dissident thought followed up on these differences but within the framework of the crisis of bolshevism (notedly with respect to major critical events in 1919, 1933, 1953, 1961 and 1989). The democratization of East German society, especially at the start of the pacific revolution, exposed the paradoxes of marxist thought and revealed the relevance of the ideas of Leszek Kolakowski, a polish dissident. Within the utopia that had become a labyrinth, the Stasi incarnated the split personality of East German society. This was a major factor in the metamorphosis that changed the socialist hope into a tragedy
Makungu, Masudi Mwinyimali. "L' élevage péri-urbain à Kinshasa (République démocratique du Congo) : entre "débrouille" et "entreprise" : dynamismes économiques et représentations sociales." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010509.
Full textLokonda, Nkoto Albertine. "L'éducation des jeunes dans la société mongo au Zaïre : les Nkundo de Mbandaka et les Ntomb'e Maloko de Bikoro." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H107.
Full textThis study starts with a general survey of the mongos'origins and their migrations. The mongos, descended from their ancestor mbombiyanda, emigrated from the north to the south, along the valley of the Nile, and came out into Zaïre across the region known as high-Zaïre. After bloody battles, they occupied the lands where they now live and which cover about one-fifth of Zaïre. As for the lands of the nkundos of mbandaka and of the ntomb'e malokos, they can be estimated at about one-thirtieth of the mongo domain. In the second part, the social and political structures of the mongos are explained. Both structures are based on kin. The political aspect is based more particularly on the authority of the nsomi family. After the upbringing has been defined, its various agents are set out. Besides the important role played by the mother and her relatives, these agents are above all the relatives on the paternal side. As for the means of this upbringing, the stress is laid especially on their rites. In the elements of their upbringing, the following points are studied : society (as seen before), language, jobs, time, counting, habits and customs, manners, morals standards, ancestral wisdom and spiritual inheritance. The third part shows how this educational system is nowadays experiencing a cultural and social crisis, through the loss of the authority of the clan, and a parental crisis through the introduction of new cultural elements such as : schools, new religions. . . The fourth part, once the survival of the traditional upbringing has been demonstrated, leads naturally to the general conclusion of this study
Bazin, Jérôme. "Réalisme et égalité : contribution à une histoire sociale de la peinture et des arts graphiques en République démocratique allemande (1949-1990)." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0009.
Full textGitenet, Romain. "De la victimisation ethnique à la rébellion armée : Production du politique, mobilisation sociale et économie de guerre en mode insurrectionnel : Le cas du Congrès National pour la Défense du Peuple (CNDP) en République Démocratique du Congo." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010286.
Full textMpuru, René Mazembe-Bias. "Urbanisation et crise alimentaire à Kikwit (Congo) : stratégies d'adaptation aux contraintes d'approvisionnements vivriers et alimentaires, et incidences sur la société urbaine." Bordeaux 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30069.
Full textThe fall of the second republic in congo-kinshasa has brought great socio-economic consequences in the congolese cities. The rapid degradation of the country's political and macro-economic situation from 1990 to 1997 bears serious effects on the alimentation of the congolese townsmen. The food crisis developing worryingly in kikwit is one dimension of the problem. The description of the food crops supply system in kikwit and the notorious salary precariousness have naturally deteriorated the kikwit people's alimentary conditions. In these conditions, what are the options and strategies brought about by the townsmen for their food supply ? the rapid degradation of the road network constitutes a handicap for the marketing of the food crops in the hinterland and their transport to kikwit. The peasants-producers from enclaved regions use waterways thanks to their pirogues, rafters and whaleboats to supply the city. A true servitude for these peasants forced to travel kilometres, cross falls and often forced to face bad weather conditions in order to feed the city with a view of making some profit. The ports have became + true bushmarkets ; and prices reference spots for the marketing of basic foodstuff in cities. Therefore, what are the prospects of recent evolution in kikwit's alimentation condition ? the decay of city's economic activities continuously increases the number of jobless. The low salaries (3 to 8 dollars) have led to a drop in the townsmen's consumption level. These latter involued themselves in parcel and suburban agriculture which is far from meeting households' food requirements. The kikwit inhabitants alimentation remains very unbalanced ; they get their last energies more from glucidic products (tubercules, vegetales) than from lipidic and protidic products. The decrease of the number of meals is worring : 53 % of the households in our sample have only one meal a day. The consequences of such a socio-economic and food situation are particularly acute on the people's heath: nutritive trouble, exclusion, and poverty. Key-words : urbanisation, employment, food crops supply, food crisis, health, poverty, kikwit, congo-kinshasa
Bols-Bola, André. "Kinshasa : réalités zaïroises traditionnelles et modernes, anthropologie d'une capitale africaine." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H010.
Full textThere is three parts in this work, in which: a. Five chapters collecting in the first part results of an inquiry made in eighteen administrative zones of Kinshasa, according to the following seven determinants: a. Choices and forms of marriages, b. Familial composition, c. Marriage duration, d. Professional and lucrative activities, e. Wages and revenues, f. Aspiration standings and g. Believes. The second part syntheses inquiry explanations and results, c. The thirst one includes appendices, which contains the collected documents. This study aim is the analysis of transformations which occur in Zairian kinship systems. The question is to know if colonial system has modified their logics
Thibault-Bouffard, Nicole. "Fondements historiques de la peinture populaire urbaine au Zaïre et la signification sociale de l'oeuvre de Tshibumba Kanda." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29167.
Full textBolaluembe, Boliale Papy-Claude. "Défis, enjeux et opportunités pour l'aménagement durable des forêts dans le bassin du Congo : cas du territoire d'Oshwe dans la province de Maï-ndombe en République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34487.
Full textImportant issues mark the implementation of sustainable forest management (SFM) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The aim of our thesis was to explore, in a holistic way, the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of SFM in the socio-ecological context of the DRC. It focuses on the case of the Oshwe territory in the province of Maï-Ndombe in the DRC. It is an interdisciplinary study that encompasses three distinct components of SFM. The first chapter deals with the perceptions of local, national and international actors on the issues facing SFM in the DRC. We applied the qualitative analysis of the discourse of the various actors. After this analysis, the list of SFM issues in the DRC was established. This list has oriented the determination of the SFM criteria that meet the expectations of the various actors consulted. This study reveals that local stakeholders are mainly concerned about social issues; the national actors by the stakes of the forest governance and the international actors by the ecological stakes of biodiversity conservation. The other two chapters deal respectively with the challenges and opportunities related to a social issue and an ecological challenge, issues recognized as critical by the consulted actors. Thus, the second chapter concerns the challenges of the implementation of the Social Responsibility Contract (SRC) to the territory of Oshwe. We applied the qualitative analysis of the discourses of the different local and national actors. This approach allowed us to establish convergences in the content of their various speeches on the SRC. We observed the enthusiasm of the various actors for the organizational structure used for the implementation of the SRC during the negotiations. In addition, SRC is recognized as a formal and horizontal mechanism for sharing the benefits of logging. It helps to reduce conflicts between local communities and forest managers by acting as a "palaver tree". However, the slowness in the execution of the chronograms chosen in the SRC constitutes a germ of conflict. The third chapter deals with the issue of maintaining the forest composition after use of Controlled and Directional Felling (CDF). We compared the effects of CDF and windfall effects on the regeneration of commercial forest species. We used canonical redundancy analysis to determine which species are significantly influenced by both gap type and gap size. Guarea cedrata leans towards the natural gaps and Canarium schweinfurthii attaches to the CDF gaps. This information is fundamental for implementing ecosystem-based management based on the emulation of a natural disturbance such as windthrow. This doctoral thesis attests that SFM is not easy but not impossible in the DRC by involving the different actors in the search for solutions to the issues perceived by actors locally in the forest management units. It hopes to contribute to the implementation of adaptive forest management in the DRC and the development of the national forest certification standard.
Raus, Jean. "Communication et ressources humaines dans la dynamique des projets de développement rural à partir d'études de cas au Rwanda et au Zaïre." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081015.
Full textEconomic and social development can not be just reduced to economic growth. Beyond this, it implies a change which has to include the actors involved, into a dimension reinforcing the cultural identity by, and for, each one of them; as well as adding to the structuration of their specific collective organization. The study leading to those conclusions is mainly founded upon the evolution of two development projects in rural communities, in zaire and in rwanda as well as on a confrontation of their analysis through the theories of the psychologist jean piaget on adjustment ant organization. The relation between the theories of piaget on intellectual development of the human mind and being, and the process of social involvment and economic development is futher on justified through the studies of the socio-economist roland colin on direct partaking of populations in their own development process in direct relation with the progression of an organization which should thus result. In this manner, the research has had the opportunity to lead towards a conclusion involving the necessity of interrelation and training in every development process
Bimbou, Gustave. "Le retour au pays : cas des etudiants congolais, epouse et enfants, ayant vecu en france : changement social et adaptation matrimoniale." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE2026.
Full textKibondzi, Marcel. "Scolarisation, appartenances sociales et allocation statutaire en République populaire du Congo." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR21004.
Full textOn the one hand, the author shows how particular structures determine a significant relationship between school and professional positions. Position at school is defined as a level of school socialization to which a system of more or less legitimate expectations for professional insertion is associated. Given the mainly administrative nature of the economy, the commonest form of professional insertion is into the civil service. On the other, the author shows how this relationship is perturbed by factors relating to the very constitutionality of congolese society. Indeed, the latter is a mosaic of societal units and familial societies perpetually competing for administrative power. An unstable equilibrium or conflictual harmony is obtained only at the price of associating familial societies, which are apparently or truly competitive, in the process of administrative control
Kamba-Nzalalemba, Peter. "Stratégies du pouvoir et comportements des acteurs sociaux au Congo-Kinshasa." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010552.
Full textMbama, Jean-Paul Bertrand. "Rôle de la coopération agricole sur les transformations sociales et personnelles : étude des systèmes d'activités d'une population paysanne du Congo." Toulouse 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU20009.
Full textThe african society is going through a transition period from the autarky or semiautarky to the market economy. We compared 3 villages with different production styles : traditional, modern and cooperative (styles). If the production increases in the village which applies the modern style (of production) based on individualism, it is only at the cost of many perturbations : disorganization of the social order, accentuation of the income gap and of the ways of life differences. The cooperative system is a consequence of the traditional on which remains the driving force. It is an instrument of appropriation of innovation which favours the transition to other habits (or behaviours). The cooperative practices make the transition to a more productive agriculture easier and allow to reduce the perturbations which could hit the society and its members. The cooperative project indeed proposes an endogene development style which could be controlled by the local population, which could be impartial and based on new forms of solidarity. The coop acts as a regulator in a transformation period which offers to the peasants the possibility to adapt their activity to the socioeconomical changes, to take part in them and to control them through apprenticeship (technology, relation, projects. . . ). This regulation is possible insofar as the cooperation disposes of a negociation and influence power towards the social environment and the institutions
Canel, Patrick. "La production de l'habitat populaire en ville africaine : étude de cas à Douala et Kinshasa, essai d'interprétation et conséquences théoriques et pratiques." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010530.
Full textSelf settlement and construction process namely the individual and or family involvment in building urban shelters for their own use has been the conventional approach and explanation for the haphazard and uncontrolled urbanization process which provides a substantial amount of housing supply in the African cities. A day to day study case of shelters construction on land whose tenure arrangements are haphazard and often illegal in Douala (Cameroon) and Kinshasa (Zairo) stresses that the above approach is largely irrelevant. Housing for the poor are built by masons and craftmen belonging to the so called informal sector of the urban economy, under the control of individual with lower middle incomes to invest in the construction of houses for the poorer people. The analysis of the householders strategies also stresses the importance of the renting use of the shelters at the very beginning of the individual projects. A selective litterature review on that matter in other cities of western Africa confirms this analysis and justifies a redefinition of the housing projects previously based on the self construction paradigm i. E. Sites and services world bank projects for example. This redefinition necessitates a better understanding of the "informal sector" of housing construction for the poor ; the householders socio-economical characteristics and strategies have also to be taken into account due to their importance in the housing supply production for the poor. It appear that the concrete (cement) block plays a key role in their private strategies in western and central African cities
Isangu, Mwana-Mfumu. "Innovation et changement social en République Démocratique du Congo : l'introduction du niébé au Kwango." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20074.
Full textIn the 80's, the people in the region of Kwango, in the Democratic Republic of Congo, started growing niebe, a crop unknown until then. I wanted to explore the factors of that trend, and the changes it brought in that society. I went through the approaches adopted by scientists who studied the diffusion of innovations, and I did my fieldwork in the concerned region. These made me single out the crisis that affected the Kwango society as the main factor of the diffusion of niebe. For the society as a whole, what was at stake is getting out of that crisis. For the individuals, the aim in adopting that crop was power. This is shown by the changes that took place in that society that was undergoing a deep social change due to the end of the dictator rule. The activities related to the niebe crop were the one giving access of power. The fact that the whole society of Kwango does not show signs of local development yet made me look for the obstacles due to become the target of later development actions
Biaya, Tshikala Kayembe. "Femmes, possession et christianisme au Zaïre : analyse diachronique des productions et pratiques de la spiritualité chrétienne africaine." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28968.
Full textKanda, Lukunga. "Pouvoir et gouvernance au Zaïre : (du règne du parti unique à la transition)." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0041.
Full textMulombo, Wa-Mputu. "Les significations de l'adhésion à une coopérative d'épargne et de crédit : le cas du Zai͏̈re : approche psycho-sociale." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20086.
Full textOur subject is to reflect on how the people of zaire take advantage of the co-operative system, an exogeneous socio-economic innovation. To do so, we have started from their representations of money in order to understand the meaning they give to their participation in a coeperative system. By following piaget's conception of the "equilibration majorante", completed by the conclusions of wilhem doise's socio-constructivist theory and albert bandura's theory of social learning, we can distinguish two typical forms of behaviour : reiforcement for the traditionalists, compensation for the modernists
Kambaji, Lukusa. "Éducation et environnement : l'école catholique zaïroise comme épée à double tranchant, objet et lieu de luttes idéologiques et de pouvoir hégémonique (1906-1977)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29437.
Full textXiberras, Valérie. "Analyse du concept d'intellectuel à travers la figure sociale de l'"évolué" du Congo belge, 1945-1960 : de l'"évolué" à l'intellectuel : transition impossible." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28762.
Full textVangu, Ngimbi Ivan. "Le rituel funéraire à Kinshasa : procès des rapports sociaux et mode populaire d'action politique." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H063.
Full textCelebrate and commemorate the dead so as to criticize the living and society, such is the significance of the attitudes, speech and actions of Kinshasa youth in Zaire. For those young people, funerals have become the best place and form of actualization of the crisis in the redistribution of wealth and social position, of which they are the principal victims, in a socio-political context where the traditional mechanisms of integration are in dysfunction, and where the placement system initiated by president Mobutu has come to a dead end
Kabatusuila, Panu-Mpanu. "Organisation spatiale, cadre de vie et crise de l'environnement à Kananga (Zaïre)." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30026.
Full textKananga, the subject of this study is a town situated in the southern part of zaire. Serving as the metropolitan city of westen kasai, kananga has a population of 380. 000 inhabitants and lies on the latitudes 5o35' southwards and on the longitudes 22025' eastwards. The study aims to illustrate how human activities (for survival) in poverty stricten situations contribute to the degradation of the urban ecosytem. It is universally accepted that ecological balance results from equilibrum between the biotic, abiotic and human systems. The discruption of balanced relationship between these three systems can best explain the causes of the environmental problems encountered in kananga : massive soil erosions, pollutions, deforestation and the lack of sanitation etc. . . To clearly quality the effects of these problems, we carried out a systematic and integrated field survey. The analysis of this investigation helped us to come up some recommendations such and intensive community motivation and involvement as one of the stratigies by shich we can improve urban life
Kasongo, Mwema Y'Ambayamba. "La Télévision, ses enjeux et ses publics au Zaïre depuis 1990." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30031.
Full textMoukengue, Roger. "Observance des normes ethniques et conduites sociales en milieu urbain : essai sur le changement social et la dimension culturelle du développement au Congo." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE2005.
Full textThrough an analysis of the attitudes of Brazzaville's young citizens towards certain ethnic rules, supplemented by an analysis of different types of public behaviour, the study brings out a paradox : on one hand there is a significant recourse to ethnic solidarity, particularly in the domain of personal social mobility or in contexts of ethno-regional leadership appropriation; on the other, an increasingly widespread questioning of reference to the ethnic norm in determining individual attitudes and in social integration. The study then shows how this paradox has a negative influence on the processes of social change and development currently in progress in congolese society, making them "pervers". The importance of this influence led us to outline a cultural rather than a culturalist explanation of congolese social forces. In the course of this outline the author defines the concept of the cultural dimension of development
Hiamba, Ovungu Jean. "Structure et sens cosmopolitique du pouvoir dans la culture des Ankutsu-Membele: contribution au processus d'intégration et de démocratisation en Afrique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209753.
Full textEn effet, les rébellions, les guerres ethniques ou tribales, les rivalités et les dissensions inter groupales continuent à affecter la vie politique, économique et sociale de ce pays depuis la période précoloniale en passant par la période coloniale et postcoloniale. Cette préoccupation majeure suscite des interrogations fondamentales :de quelle manière peut-on aujourd’hui ériger un projet politique qui soit à mesure de redéfinir les finalités socio-politiques, cultuelles, et économiques globales qui accordent une meilleure écoute aux productions de sens qui émanent des valeurs théoriques de chaque groupe social, en sublimant ce qui rapproche et non ce qui divise ?Comment dépasser les clivages excluant issus des situations de crise (traite, colonisation, rébellions, guerres, dissensions) ?Comment mettre sur pied un espace commun qui serait le lieu d’échange libre où chacun exprimerait son opinion dans le respect et la dignité de l’autre ?
C’est à ces questions et à beaucoup d’autres encore que cette thèse tente de répondre. Il s’agit en fait, d’une étude à caractère paradigmatique réalisée dans le groupe Ankutshu-Membele, à la lumière des approches occidentales du pouvoir et de la démocratie. Elle s’assigne comme objectif principal de problématiser la conception du pouvoir à travers la culture et les religions de ce peuple, en vue de tenter d’établir les conditions de possibilités d’intégration de cette société traditionnelle vers une société moderne multiculturelle et démocratique.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Park, Jae Hwan. "Conflit et communication dans le mode de penser coréen." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H034.
Full textNzunguba-Ibio, Jean-Pierre. "Peintres, peinture et culture populaire à Bunia (Zaïre) : essai d'analyse socio-historique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20110.
Full textTegera, Busey Aloys. "Les Banyarwanda du nord-Kivu (RDC) au XXème siècle : analyse historique et socio-politique d'un groupe transfrontalier (1885-2006)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010556.
Full textMutombo, Ngandu. "Politiques de rémunération, de cotation et de classification des emplois comme facteurs de formation d'une catégorie sociale : le cas des travailleurs de l'Union minière du Haut-Katanga, 1947-1967." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28404.
Full textPilleul-Arp, Agnès. "Les patrons de petites et moyennes entreprises en RDA : partir ou rester ? : études comparées de parcours biographiques 1949-1990." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030043.
Full textThis study of Oral History deals with the so-called old industrial private entrepreneurs (excluding craft) in the German Democratic Republic (GDR), who used to employ between 30 and 300 employees. It is a contribution to the social history and the history of personal experience of private entrepreneurs in the former GDR. The focus is on the living and working conditions of this social group in the SED state, one of whose central objectives was the immediate and complete abolition of the entire privately-owned economy. The fact that nonetheless only a minority of them decided to leave the GDR, raises among others the question of traditions and their intergenerational transmission. The investigations seeks to find out in which way and to what extent life and work of private entrepreneurs in the GDR was regulated and restricted by state and SED officials, and in how far private entrepreneurs were able to establish and retain their own rooms for manoeuvre. Two diametrically opposing interests clashed with each other albeit they proved reconcilable until 1972, the year of the SED's final expropriation campaign against the private sector: while the private entrepreneurs sought a maximum of economic development, the state aimed theoretically at the homogenization of the material standards and in practice tended to utilize this economic potential. As a result, private entrepreneurs developed certain strategies aimed at securing their economic activities. Based on a number of biographical interviews, the study has determined a variety of parameters for establishing a typology which allows it to categorize and subsume the range of their experiences in the GDR into seven types
Tréglodé, Benoît de. "Héros nouveau et combattant d'émulation en République démocratique du Việt Nam : 1948-1964." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0084.
Full textNdongala, Nkuku Christian. "Réinsertion sociale et trajectoires d'enfants de la rue à Kinshasa." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12013.
Full textThis study deals with street children in Kinshasa. It focuses on the relationship between street children and host institutions, especially as children get in and out of these shelters. Fieldwork was initially carried out in Kinshasa within four host institutions, with a particular emphasis on observation and interviews of young people who use them on a regular basis. One particular institution was then selected for an in-depth observation. Two concepts informed this participant observation: recognition and empowerment. By inviting young people to develop behaviors, practices, and strategies that best fit their needs and benefit them, the host institution integrates the two aforementioned concepts in the way it socially rehabilitates these children. In addition, the institution further enforces its principles through shared responsibilities when, for instance, older children mentor younger ones and participate in establishing the institution’s internal rules. Yet, some children believe that the institution does not empower them enough or provide them with enough recognition. Some « streets leaders » feel they are not given proper recognition. Decisions are made without consulting them or soliciting their street experience. When that happens, some children withdraw from the institution to resume life on the street. Therefore, the aim of this study is to show that when children’s expectations are not sufficiently taken into consideration, there is likely to be a higher level of dissatisfaction and low retention rates
Mweze, Baguma. "Le mariage chez les Bashi et ses transformations récentes : étude d'anthropologie sociale et culturelle." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H121.
Full textThe bashi marriage is the culmination of the progressive human and social education of young people, preparing them for their future task. The full rites can be performed only once in the lifetime of each individual, for the first marriage. It is a global initiation to married life, held in an atmosphere of happiness and rejoicing, with meetings, dances, exchanges of gifts and meals, and elaborate rites under the control of experienced men and women. The ritual consecrates the plenitude of definitive and indissoluble matrimonial union, in the face of the problems of polygamy, divorce and death. Animals, plants, human beings, spirits, various realities of the cosmic and cultural worlds, all have their role in this ritual. Stressing the importance of harmony in the community, the tradition makes sure of the agreement of the couple as well as of the mutual understanding of the families forming the alliance. The ceremony emphasizes the support of the ancestors, the continuity of the vital link transmitted to the couple through the parents who, having accomplished their task, accede to the status of elders who have married a child. The whole community is invited to recognize the social changes brought about by this important event. The originality of these traditions has often struck foreigners, especially the missionaries, who were not always able to interpret the richness of shi rites and symbols, whose internal logic escaped them. Through the Christian wedding, religion and education, they introduced the system of western thought and culture which they prejudged to be superior to the shi system. However, this system organizes the sharing of responsibilities and tasks in a spirit of respect for the difference and complementarity of the men and women, thus insuring their mutual physical, psychical and social growth and self-realization
Quaretta, Edoardo. "Les enfants accusés de sorcellerie au Katanga, République démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209535.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Fortin, Lana. "L'enseignement scolaire et la bourgeoisie nationale en pays colonisé : le cas des "évolués" au Congo belge." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29441.
Full textMabed, Abdelmalek. "La République démocratique et populaire du Yémen : analyse d'une dynamique de marxisation d'un régime politique." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100032.
Full textOur study deals with the analysis of a dynamic of marxisation of a third world political regime: the people's democratic republic of Yemen. In a first part devoted to the genesis of the Marxist regime, we analyze the nature of south Yemen society and the historical elements which have favored the penetration of the Marxist ideas during the great stages of the colonization and the decolonization. In the second part, we deal with the study of the political system set through the analysis of the evolution of south Yemen from 1969 to 1980 and social, economic and cultural changes which occurred after the implementation of the Marxist ideology. In a third part, we try to interpret the regime crisis, its causes and its consequences to draw conclusions about the difficulties of adoption of a borrowed model
Ntsiba-Madzou, Lassane. "Les attitudes vestimentaires des Congolais et leurs déterminants psychosociaux : une enquête exploratoire." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR21009.
Full textIn Congo, environment sociocultural characterized by traditions clothing’s and phenomenon of fashion and of "sape", there is a system of representation formed by attitudes clothing’s structured around of two specific factors : "valorization" social of self and seduction discretion by clothes. On these factors, subjects differentiate according to sex, age and residence. These attitudes are affected by some size of personality as perception mush real that ideals of body and self, and their gaps
Mban, Loumpele Rigobert. "Esquisse d'une psychologie compréhensive du système mantique traditionnel dans ses relations avec l'articulation des symboles fondamentaux au sein de l'univers de sens Ngangulu (Congo) : caractéristiques et conséquences de la régulation du système." Rennes 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN20003.
Full textThe research on divination or mantica, considered here as a study (V. UA), a query, a way to the group memory or to the system of laws disclosed by the elder, is attempted for the first time in the Congo. As far as the Ngangulu conception of existence is concerned, this work is an attempt to explain the Ngangulu universe as to the evolution of the life of man in his environment. If for researchers such as we are, we are trying to shed light on the interpretative theory of the Ngangulu universe, for Ngangulu scientists this is an explanatory theory of life. For them, man and nature are completely indissociable. For them, every concrete detail must be considered in a spiral structure in such a manner that everything linking it to the other concrete details is in keeping with what they consider to be the law of the universe. The latter has for material support the ash of sacred wood (lifura). Lifura, a cyclic causal link, expresses then the condition or the property of all the beings of nature to have a threshold and remain within the possible limits. Consequently lifura is the regulator of the energy Mpyin (Mpini)- or potential necessary to the manifestation of the being. The myths on which the theoretical frame is based will have contributed to the methodological elaboration of our work on the thesis. All these elements for a system, that of the "tradipraticians" which regroups the characteristics and the consequences of social regulation. These are based in the structure of the cultural mormory, i. E. The apex of the pyramid of intelligibility. This is the ancestral memory. We had several methodological options to reach our mains. One would have consisted in matching the observed facts and data gathered in the field to one of the theories of anthropological knowledge (phenomenology, structuralism). Another would have consisted in examining those facts seem from the theoretical frame typical of the Nngangulu culture. Nothing that the Ngangulu people are quite capable of reflection about their own universe, the meaning of life in the word and what forms the human being or (person-personality), we thought it would be justified to choose the latter approach without for all that ignoring the worth and the contribution of the main anthropological or psychological theories
Mobillion, Virginie. "Territoires et soins à Vientiane (Laos) : une géographie de la capitale d'une République Démocratique Populaire." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628849.
Full textChaume, Delphine. "De la rumeur au discours rumoral : production de récit et écritures rumorales à travers les messianismes, la presse et la littérature au Congo." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131017.
Full textAppreciating the extent to which rumour as a phenomenon is embedded into the political processes of the Democratic Republic of the Congo as well as being pervasive in its wider society, is key to understanding, the country. Largely responsible for the emergence of the messianic type movements which appeared in colonial times, rumour is omnipresent in the press today. This has been particularly true since the 1991 National Sovereignty Conference. Beyond its everyday place in the social order, rumour is deeply rooted into the way in which the Congolese discuss and recount their stories, by yarning. Yarning, therefore not only underpins the poetry in rumour and drives local storytelling but has become essential in creative writing. Much of Congolese fiction draws on yarning, using it as a narrative of poetic literary device, giving rise to an “off the page” dimension. From this, a picture gradually builds up; surfacing initially with the messianisms then moving into the press and the “literature of the prophets” before finishing up at what is the heart of the matter in the Congolese “Rumour Novels”
Ilenda, Tryphon. "De l'école coloniale à l'école postcoloniale en République Démocratique du Congo : permanences, évolution, rupture des enjeux sociaux des savoirs scolaires." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H014.
Full textRonsin, Samuel. "Police, nation(s) et République : histoire sociale et politique de la police d'État tchécoslovaque sous la Première République (1918-1938)." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0161.
Full textLouakima, Joseph. "Attributions interculturelles de l'échec et du succès dans les contextes congolais et français." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHESA032.
Full textBakajika, Banjikila Thomas. "Capitalisme, rapport salarial et régulation de la main-d'oeuvre : la classe ouvrière noire dans les camps de l'Union minière du Haut-Katanga, 1925-1967." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17647.
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