Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'République Dominicaine'
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Carrier, Nancy. ""Día tras día" : une comparaison inter-générationnelle du travail quotidien des femmes en milieu rural dominicain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26999/26999.pdf.
Full textVairac, Muriel. "José Francisco Pena et la république dominicaine : essai de sociologie politique." Antilles-Guyane, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AGUY0178.
Full textIn spite of a lot works that progress constantly, the political sociology of caribbean presents blind aspects that interest. Why certain subjects are kept out of things?Sets of problems or approaches neglected or considered with suspicion. As others political unities of Antilles, Dominican Republic is directly concerned to these gerneral observations. Reasons refer to a certain mode of organization scientific domain. In this context, it seemed particularly interesting to undertake a study of dominican political system paying attention to one of its important actors:José Francisco Peña Gomez. Along time unrecognized or scorned by insular elite, his political trajectory seems an illustration or an example of the working of dominican political domain. In order to identify the practical modes, several questions very tied are examined. Among these, at lesat two direct analysis:what did the mayor-to-be of santo Domingo appear as a improbable leader right away? In spite of a popularity without equal, why did he stay an impossible President of Republic. To bring this search of program to a successful conclusion, two prospects were combined: one historical sheding light on consequences of past on the struturation of dominican poltiea; other sociological, that examines norms govern selection and eligibility of insular political staff
Faxas, Laura. "Système politique et mouvement populaire en République dominicaine, 1961-1990." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0097.
Full textThe popular uprising in april 1984 has revealed the contradictions in the political system and the consequences of an aborted national-popular model in the dominican republic. The main point of this thesis (p. H. D. Dissertation) is to analyse the popular movement as a social actor and its relationship with the political system. These relationship are influenced by the historical process and by the impossibile development of a national-popular model and the destruction of myth elaborated around this model
Candio, Datrice. "À propos de la représentation de l’histoire et de la géographie dans les manuels scolaires de la République d’Haïti et de la République Dominicaine au collège et au lycée." Thesis, Antilles, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANTI0510.
Full textThe division of the island of Hispaniola since European colonization has left traces that persist through the current socio-political, cultural and economic conflicts between the Republic of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Based particularly on the theories of education and a decolonial approach, this study questions the historical, socio-political and theoretical contexts of the Haitian and Dominican education systems in order to understand the construction of the rejection of the Haitian Other or the Dominican Other between these two Nations, yet present on one and the same island. For, it appears that Haitian and Dominican schools, places of socialization of men and women, are also places of social exclusion and marginalization.Haiti and the Dominican Republic, « two Siamese sisters » having originally a common history, are now back-to-back because of the daily conflicts that have existed since the formation of their respective national identities in 1804 and 1844. This is why it is important to better understand the construction of these identities and the accompanying nationalisms in order to understand the weight of these identity conflicts in current slippages. Thus, we have decided to rely on a comparative study for analyzing the representation of the Haitian Other and the Dominican Other in their respective fundamental level and secondary school ‘s textbooks of History and Geography. For, these textbooks are essential vectors of instruction and socialization intended to train the future citizens of the island.By analyzing the Haitian and Dominican official programs from 2000 on, between official orientations and realities, and relating them to the textbooks of History and Geography used for fundamental level and secondary school, it is a question of demonstrating that for the training of Haitian and Dominican men and women today, how much the objectives of the Haitian and Dominican educational ministries remain based on a colonial system and a choice of opposition ideologies vis-à-vis the Other and at the service of dominant ideologies.However, we have noticed a difference of orientation between Haiti’s History and Geography textbooks and the Dominican Republic’s ones. Those of Haiti are characterized by a silence on issues related to the Dominican Republic, including its recent history. Therefore, when Haiti knowingly omits the Dominican Republic in its textbooks, it implies that the Dominican Other is denied. That does not work in favor of living together. Actually, the Dominican textbooks deal with Haiti. But the presentation they make of the Republic of Haiti and its history sometimes tends to negative exaggeration towards the Haitian Other.As a result, this study shows that the Haitian and Dominican states have made and continue to make choices of identity constructions in opposition to one another, which makes it difficult to have a peaceful reunion on one and the same island. Yet, are textbooks not levers of the future (utopian?) for a living-together which would help overcome the real marginalization of these two countries whose population share suffering from economic and often intellectual misery because of a failing education?
La división de la isla de La Española desde la colonización europea ha dejado huellas que siguen presentes en los actuales conflictos sociopolíticos, culturales y económicos entre la República de Haití y la República Dominicana. Este estudio, que se vale en particular de las teorías de la educación y de un enfoque descolonial, cuestiona los contextos históricos, sociopolíticos y teóricos de los sistemas educativos de la República de Haití y la República Dominicana, con el objetivo de comprender la construcción del rechazo del Otro haitiano o del Otro dominicano entre estados o naciones que comparten una misma isla. Parecen por lo tanto las escuelas haitianas y dominicanas, lugares de socialización de hombres y mujeres, ser también lugares de exclusión social y marginación.Haití y la República Dominicana, « dos hermanas siamesas » que inicialmente tenían una historia común, hoy se dan la espalda debido a los conflictos cotidianos desde la formación de sus identidades nacionales en 1804 y 1844. Por consiguiente, resulta importante comprender mejor la construcción de estas identidades y los nacionalismos para entender el peso de dichos conflictos de identidad en los desaciertos o las incongruencias actuales. Dado que los manuales escolares son vectores esenciales de instrucción y socialización destinados a capacitar a los futuros ciudadanos de dos naciones y por ende de la isla, elegimos analizar, a través de un estudio comparativo, la representación del Otro haitiano y del Otro dominicano en esos libros de Historia y Geografía, desde el nivel fundamental o medio (el colegio) y la enseñanza de secundaria (el liceo).Al analizar los programas oficiales de enseñanza de Historia y Geografía, a partir del año 2000, en ambas naciones, y relacionarlos con los manuales tanto del colegio como del liceo, entre orientaciones oficiales y realidades, se trata de demostrar que en ambos países los objetivos específicos de sus respectivos ministerios de educación, encargados de la formación de hombres y mujeres ciudadanos haitianos y dominicanos de hoy, se fundamentan en un sistema colonial y en la elección de ideologías de oposición respecto al Otro, que están al servicio de las ideologías de la élite.Sin embargo, notamos una diferencia de orientación entre los libros de Historia y Geografía de Haití y los de la República Dominicana. Los manuales haitianos eligen el silencio en cuanto a la República Dominicana e incluso en cuanto a su historia reciente. Cuando Haití omite a sabiendas a la República Dominicana en sus libros de texto, se niega al Otro dominicano, lo que no facilita la convivencia entre ambas naciones. En cuanto a los manuales dominicanos, acerca de la representación de la República de Haití se da prioridad a la enseñanza de períodos históricos pasados en los que muchas veces se tienden a cierta exageración negativa hacia el Otro haitiano.Así pues, este estudio muestra que los estados haitiano y dominicano han tomado y siguen tomando decisiones identitarias que inducen a oponerse entre sí, lo que dificulta la cohabitación pacífica entre ambos estados reunidos en una misma isla.¿No tendrán los manuales escolares que facilitar un futuro (utópico) para una convivencia que permita superar la marginación real de dos naciones cuyos pueblos sufren de miseria económica y a menudo intelectual debido a la existencia de una escuela deficiente?
Auvray, Bénédicte. "L'enclavement touristique dans les îles tropicales Polynésie française, Maldives, République dominicaine." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00761209.
Full textQuiquerez, Yves. "Les Partis politiques et la démocratie en république dominicaine (1961-1999)." Antilles-Guyane, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AGUY0056.
Full textBoisseron, Monique. "Haïti dans le regard de la république dominicaine dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle." Antilles-Guyane, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AGUY0062.
Full textMota, Cáceres Ana Maritza de la. "La religion populaire en République dominicaine à travers l'histoire : XVIIIe-XXe siècles." Bordeaux 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR30036.
Full textEstrella-Polanco, Hector José. "La République dominicaine et le problème de l'intégration latino-américaine : Aspects juridiques." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010284.
Full textNuñez, Ureña Maritza Valeria. "La Question de l'identité Dominicaine chez deux intellectuels Manuel Arturo peña Battle et Joaquin Balaguer : thuriferaires de Trujillo (1930-1961)." Antilles-Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0298.
Full textFrom the XIX century onwards, a large sector of the Dominican intelligentsia has developed a pro-hispanie discourse with regard to the ethnie-racial formation of the Dominican people that has established a dichotomy between the black African elements and national identity. This discourse was strengthened during Rafael Leonidas Trujillo dictatorship. The two most important intellectuals of this period were: Manuel Arturo Pefia Batlle and Joaquin Balaguer. Although if they came from different political and philosophical spheres, they were drawn together by their strong convictions on the alleged threat embodied by Haitian immigrants and the urgency of developing national projects that would vindicate the roi of the Spanish roots in the formation of the national identity. This study focuses on the nationalist ideology making during Trujillo dictatorship and the part played bv Pefia Batlle and Joaquin Balaguer in its conception
Navarro-Andraud, Zélie. "Les élites urbaines de Saint-Domingue dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle : la place des administrateurs coloniaux (1763-1792)." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20076.
Full textThe study of the colonial administrator of Saint-Domingue and their place inside the local urban elite is developed in this thesis in three parts. The first one tries to define the colonial administration of French Santo-Domingo, between sketch of professional hierarchy and introduction of various functions to follow in a second step the socio-professional category in which are the people of the studied corpus. The second part tries to delimit so close as possible the different social markers justifying the administrator belonging as much as to the French elite than the colonial and Saint-Domingue’s elite, trough the comparison of two social classification scales. Finally, the third and last part is a three-times analysis of the social group dividing between metropolitans, Creoles and people located in the interval. The objective is to demonstrate the social and cultural diversity of the group whose a part seems to be drawn by his metropolitan identity while the other has initiated a body and spirit creolisation process, resulting to the adoption of the Saint-Domingue’s culture, this way being a product of an own syncretism to the Antillean world
Camier, Bernard. "Musique coloniale et société à Saint-Domingue dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIéme siècle." Antilles-Guyane, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AGUY0105.
Full textThe thesis studies the activity,the respectory and the function (limited only to the spectacles)of the colonial music of Saint-Domingue. The study of the activity focuses on the modern and liberal practice of the spectacles and its close relations with other type of musical activities (military,religions and massonic ones). The study of the repertory and more widely of the taste allows to make differences betwen the cities quite precisely. The ties betwen social life and spectacles shows doep contradictions betwen the logic of the theater and musical life and the social ideology
Moreno, García Barbara. "Le parcours poétique de Domingo Moreno Jimenes." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081470.
Full textGustave, Hébert-Marc. "Géocyberstabilité : pacification cyber-conditionnée des conflits en relations internationales : une cyberstratégie applicable aux contentieux haïtiano-dominicains." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10044/document.
Full textThe history of Haitian-Dominican relations is teinted with violence and conflicts. The geographical location of the two States, their ethnic, cultural, linguistic differences as well as their economic and social fractures are the main factors of their tense and antagonistic relationship. However, the consistency and the recurrence of these conflicts are interspersed of shorter or longer periods of relaxation. These periods of peaceful cooperation are generally determined by respected liberal theories developed in the field of International Relations. The two States have in turn highlighted the commercial peace theory of Montesquieu, the institutional and the legal peace theory of Grotius, the democratic and the republic peace theory of Emmanuel Kant as the foundation for peace and stability on this island whose characteristic is to be shared between two independent States. Despite the relevance of these theses, it is appropriate to note that trade, bilateral institutions and the establishment of democracy in both countries have not prevented the steady resurgence of violence and conflict between the two nations. Enrolling in the quest for a lasting peace between the two countries, this thesis sets up cyberspace as a solid bridge linking the two peoples through a cyberstrategy anchored in the notion of “geocyberstability”. This cyberstrategy extends Aron’s concepts of deterrence, persuasion and subversion to that of “cyberconditioned balance of power” suggesting that a relatively even distribution of digital capabilities between countries is conductive to peace and stability. Aron’s views are likely to apply to cyberspace. In fine, applied to the Haitian-Dominican relations, the aforesaid cyberstrategy represents a pledge of peace and stability between the two countries
Dupuy, Doryann. ""Somos Dominicanos" : la migration haïtienne et la question de l'identité nationale en République dominicaine." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35099.
Full textCantisano, Maria. "Proposition d'un curriculum pour l'apprentissage du Français Langue Étrangère à partir d'une expérience avec les enfants de 4 à 7 ans à l'Alliance Française de Saint-Domingue." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100064.
Full textDarné-Crouzille, Nicole. "L'expedition leclerc-rochambeau a saint-domingue (haiti) : 1801-1803 : analyse de l'echec." Le Mans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LEMA3001.
Full textIn december 1801 general leclerc and rochambeau landed at san domingo leading the most powerful naval expedition of the time. Their mission was the quell the rebellion which had erupted in france's most prosperous colony. For the black slaves had risen and were demanding the application of the rights of man which had been enacted by the french revolution. A black slave, toussaint louverture, appointed himself governor for life and, in a real act of independance proclaimed a new constitution for san-domingo. After initial military victories in the field, general leclerc set about the reorganisation of the colony. But within a few months countless difficulties were to reduce drastically the strength of the french forces and administration, and to annihilate leclerc's efforts. Like many of his soldiers, he died of yellow fever in november 1802. General rochambeau took over but within a year, besieged by the rebels and blockaded by the british fleet, he was forced to surrender. The fiasco of the expedition, in which 50. 000 men were lost was due to : - yellow fever which killed a large number of troops - france's difficulties in securing its army's supplies - the poor quality of the troops engaged - the rupture of the treaty of amiens - british assistance to the rebels - the ambiguity of french policy on slavery - abuses and plundering - constant lack of funds
Lanctôt, Christine. "Sexe, argent, pouvoir et romance, les relations de genre dans le tourisme à Boca Chica, République Dominicaine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33686.pdf.
Full textSeverino, Bueno Illuminada del Carmen. "L'influence du gouvernement corporatif des entreprises familiales sur son comportement financier : le cas de la République Dominicaine." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40013/document.
Full textLong term family fortune preservation is a matter of human behavior; it is a dynamic process of activity or group governance that has to be reenergized successfully in each successive generation to overcome the threat of falling into entropy. Each successive generation has to reaffirm its participation in such government system.Family enterprises are the fundamental actors of the economic activity, and also constitute a stability factor of the productive system, because the majority of them is small or medium-sized (SMEs), and that is why it is interesting to investigate their financial behavior.There is little knowledge concerning financing decisions of enterprises on emerging markets. There is a particular need of empirical work that identifies the financial patterns of developing countries enterprises. It is possible that these enterprises are creating a new financial structure that results convenient for their particular environment
Chevalier, Michel. "Analyse coûts-bénéfices et environnement : le projet d'aménagement du bassin versant de la Rivière San Juan en République dominicaine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq20910.pdf.
Full textCantisano, Nicole. "Le partage et le non-partage social des émotions chez les personnes atteintes de VIH/SIDA en République Dominicaine." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842896.
Full textRedon, Marie. "Ile et frontière : étude comparée de trois îles divisées : Haïti - République Dominicaine; Timor Leste - Indonésie; Saint-Martin - Sint-Maarten." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010648.
Full textCapdevila, Lauro. "La dictature de trujillo. 1930-1961." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081144.
Full textBased on a critical examination of the primary sources, the doctoral thesis analyses the conditions of the rise and fall of the dominican dictatorship. The north american occupation, from 1916 to 1924, allows to build up an army trained to the police tasks. Thus, trujillo can take over the power. He organizes a strong military, bureaucratic and political machinery and sets himself up as the supporter of the panamerican order. The slaughter of thousands of haitians in 1937 marks the beginning of a severe crisis. Thanks to the second world war the dictatorship recovers its place in america. But a the end of the war, trujillo has to fight off several dangers : the north american state department, the labour and social opposition and the exiles, supported by several governments. After the cold war, the dictatorship reaches its climax. Trujillo presents himself as the standard bearer of the anticommunism in the area. His immigration policy, the alliance with franco, the concordat with the vatican and the planed lighthouse to columbus are glorified. The thaw reduces the political roop of the dictatorship. The white house considers castro's elimination as a priority. The church dissociates itself from trujillo who threatens the imperial order. Washington breaks the relations. An attempt is furthered in 1961. The dictator finds death. The fall of the dictatorship leaves an inextricable situation : in 1965, the marines land again. Efficient relay of the empire, the regime accumulates contradictions before releasing them roughly, shaking the panamerican order
Dabrion, Marlyne. "La santé communautaire : mythe ou réalité ? : le cas de la Guadeloupe." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H068.
Full textThe "socio-anthropological" investigation intends to find out the Guadeloupian images about health in itself, the reached health types being : - community view -hedonist view or -other a sample survey has been held over 785 persons with a set of 29 close-up questions. The study of health in Guadeloupe through this inquiry shows out a patchwork concerning the different levels of society : man, family, friends, neighborhood, district, borough, it shows out diverse characters. Clos-up observations prove or don't prove a split between apriorism and sanitary image. Contrary to common ideology health at the subspace levels : man, family, neighborhood. A partially community subspace formed by the entity the friends. The adjustment between health policy and health image will take into account these results. Beside from the comparison with the Dominican Republic it must be remembered : -one side, it's a small state which has sad records of bad health indexes, with a knowledge of community approach but without any financial means. - on the other side, a French district with health indexes close to the average French national level but with no community approach
Lamarche, André. "Contraintes agro-économiques et réussite paysanne : le cas de la région Catalina/Carreton, République dominicaine (utilisation du sol 1960-1990)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8274.
Full textBatista-Lemaire, Olivier. "Typologie du roman des caraïbes de langue espagnole (Cuba, Porto-Rico, République Dominicaine, Vénézuéla) : 1900-1950 : essai de sociosémistique romanesque." Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0301.
Full textThe novelistic production in the spanish-speaking region of the caribbean is very heterogeneous and relatively abundant. Therefore we have divided this production in different types, first of all in a semiotic optic (actantial composition, axiologic values, thematic configurations) and then by inserting these novel-cultures in the intellectual and economic evolution of the four analysed countries. Considering the heterogeneous aspect of this approach, we insisted on a theoretical clarification in an introductory chapter. Three types result of our analysis: 1 - the novel on ethical-cognotive facts 2 - the novel of the charismatic anti-hero 3 - the novel of nationalist humanism
Ponton, Martin. "Diagnostic et perspectives d'un système de gestion des déchets domestiques urbains : le cas de Santiago de los Cabaileros en République Dominicaine." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11451.
Full textTouijer, Sara. "Les mobilités à Cuba, en République Dominicaine et à Porto Rico (1990-2010) : un nouveau schéma migratoire dans la Caraïbe insulaire ?" Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3021.
Full textDovonou-Vinagbe, Sena-Pricette-Karene, and Sena-Pricette-Karene Dovonou-Vinagbe. "Approche intégrée pour évaluer la vulnérabilité aux impacts des changements climatiques : cas du bassin versant de l'Artibonite en Haïti." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27957.
Full textDepuis plusieurs années, les pays du monde entier sont préoccupés par la question des changements climatiques et leurs impacts. En termes d’impacts, les pays qui les subiront le plus, sont les plus pauvres. En effet, ces pays sont déjà dans un état de fragilité que les changements climatiques contribueront à aggraver. Pour certains auteurs, pour que les efforts en termes d’adaptation soient concluant, il faut s’intéresser non pas aux impacts des changements climatiques en tant que tel, mais plutôt, aux impacts qu’ils ont sur ce qui a de la valeur pour les communautés qui les vivent. En effet, si les perceptions du bien-être déterminent les choix en matière de stratégie de subsistance par les individus et les ménages, et donc leurs priorités, les perceptions de la vulnérabilité aux changements climatiques détermineront les choix et les attitudes face aux changements dans le milieu. Cela est d’autant plus vrai dans le cas des pays en développement où le rapport à la nature revêt des aspects spirituels, psychologiques et culturels; sans oublier son rôle dans les activités de subsistance. Une grande partie de la population de ces pays dépendent de l’agriculture pour leur subsistance; et ces activités sont la plupart du temps dépendantes du climat. Haïti, pays insulaire, fortement exposé aux catastrophes climatiques, pauvre et dépendant de l’agriculture mérite une attention particulière. Cette étude vise à développer un cadre méthodologique qui permette d’analyser la question de la vulnérabilité aux changements sous différents aspects, à l’aide du cas du bassin versant de l’Artibonite. Elle part du constat que la plupart des études réalisées sur les changements climatiques dans le monde et en Haïti en particulier adoptent une approche descendante (peu holistique) et manquent surtout de considérer les aspects subjectifs, pourtant importants, que sont les perceptions des perceptions des personnes concernées par les changements. Cette recherche a utilisé une approche intégrée qui a tenu compte de l’échelle du locale (individus et ménages) que du régional (arrondissement); de données subjectives (perceptions) que de données plus « objectives ». Les méthodes de recherche utilisées sont les entrevues individuelles dirigées et non-dirigées, des entrevues de groupe non-dirigées, des guides d’entrevue et des questionnaires, ainsi que l’analyse statistique. Ainsi, elle a permis de montrer que la question des changements climatiques ne fait pas forcément partie des priorités des populations du bassin versant de l’Artibonite, contrairement à ce qu’on pourrait préjuger. Pourtant elles sont exposées aux changements et constatent des changements dans leur environnement. Elles n’attribuent pas forcément ces changements aux changements climatiques et cela se traduit par la quasi-inexistence de stratégies d’adaptation. Cependant, quand le lien est établi, elles décrivent avec précision les changements qu’elles vivent et identifient les facteurs qui selon elles influencent leur vulnérabilité. Ces facteurs sont le statut socio-économique, le clivage urbain/rural, le manque d’accès à certains biens et services. Tout cela rejoint les résultats issus du calcul d’un indice de vulnérabilité calculé de façon plus objective et à une échelle plus macro. La conclusion est que, pour que les efforts d’adaptation puissent être efficaces, il est important de tenir compte de ce qui importe le plus pour les populations concernées. Plus concrètement, il s’agira d’impliquer ces dernières dans les recherches visant à trouver des solutions à leurs problèmes et de se baser sur les ressources locales pour appliquer les solutions qui auraient été trouvées. De plus, dans un tel contexte de pauvreté, il est nécessaire que tout projet ou programme d’adaptation intègre le double objectif de réduction de la pauvreté et d’adaptation aux changements climatiques. Mots clés : eau, perceptions, représentations sociales, développement local, changements climatiques, vulnérabilité, vulnérabilité sociale, systèmes et moyens de subsistance, théorisation ancrée, SOLAP, bassin versant de l’Artibonite, Haïti et île d’Hispaniola.
For several years, countries around the world have been concerned about climate change and its impacts. In terms of impact, the countries that will suffer the most are the poorest. Indeed, these countries are already in a fragile state that climate change will contribute to worsen. According to some authors, that the efforts in terms of adaptation to be successful, we need to look not to the impacts of climate change as such, but rather, the impacts they have on what has value to communities lives. If perceptions of well-being determine individual and household livelihood choices and hence their priorities, perceptions of vulnerability to climate change will determine choices and attitudes to changes in the environment. This is especially true in developing countries where the relationship with nature is of spiritual, psychological and cultural; not to mention its role in subsistence activities. Much of the population of these countries depend on agriculture for their livelihoods; and these activities are most of time, climate dependent. Haiti, an island country, highly exposed to climate disasters, poor and dependent on agriculture deserves special attention. This study aims to develop a methodological framework to analyze the issue of vulnerability to changes in different aspects, using the case of the watershed of the Artibonite in Haïti. It starts from the observation that most of the studies on climate change in the world, and Haiti in particular, adopt a top-down and sectorial-based approach, and lack considering subjective aspects, yet important, as are the perceptions of people affected by the changes. This research used an integrated approach that took into account as much local (individuals and households) as regional; subjective data (perceptions) "objective" data. The research methods used are non-directed individual interviews and focus-group, and directed individual interviews. Thus, it has shown that the issue of climate change is not necessarily part of the watershed of the Artibonite population priorities, contrary to what one might anticipate. Yet, they are exposed to changes and experience changes in their environment. They do not necessarily attribute these changes to climate change and this is reflected in the virtual absence of adaptation strategies. However, when the link is established, they accurately describe the changes they live and identify which factors influence their vulnerability. These factors include socioeconomic status, urban / rural divide, lack of access to certain goods and services. All this joined the results from the social vulnerability index calculated more objectively and more at a regional scale. The conclusion is that, for adaptation efforts to be effective, it is important to consider what matters most to the people. More specifically, they should be involved in any research which aim to find solutions to their problems and; the implementation of any adaptation or coping strategy must rely on local resources. Moreover, in such a context of poverty, it is necessary that any adaptation project or program should integrate the dual objective of poverty reduction and adaptation to climate change. Keywords: water, perceptions, social representations, local development, climate change, vulnerability, social vulnerability, livelihoods, grounded theory, SOLAP, Artibonite watershed, Haiti and Hispaniola.
For several years, countries around the world have been concerned about climate change and its impacts. In terms of impact, the countries that will suffer the most are the poorest. Indeed, these countries are already in a fragile state that climate change will contribute to worsen. According to some authors, that the efforts in terms of adaptation to be successful, we need to look not to the impacts of climate change as such, but rather, the impacts they have on what has value to communities lives. If perceptions of well-being determine individual and household livelihood choices and hence their priorities, perceptions of vulnerability to climate change will determine choices and attitudes to changes in the environment. This is especially true in developing countries where the relationship with nature is of spiritual, psychological and cultural; not to mention its role in subsistence activities. Much of the population of these countries depend on agriculture for their livelihoods; and these activities are most of time, climate dependent. Haiti, an island country, highly exposed to climate disasters, poor and dependent on agriculture deserves special attention. This study aims to develop a methodological framework to analyze the issue of vulnerability to changes in different aspects, using the case of the watershed of the Artibonite in Haïti. It starts from the observation that most of the studies on climate change in the world, and Haiti in particular, adopt a top-down and sectorial-based approach, and lack considering subjective aspects, yet important, as are the perceptions of people affected by the changes. This research used an integrated approach that took into account as much local (individuals and households) as regional; subjective data (perceptions) "objective" data. The research methods used are non-directed individual interviews and focus-group, and directed individual interviews. Thus, it has shown that the issue of climate change is not necessarily part of the watershed of the Artibonite population priorities, contrary to what one might anticipate. Yet, they are exposed to changes and experience changes in their environment. They do not necessarily attribute these changes to climate change and this is reflected in the virtual absence of adaptation strategies. However, when the link is established, they accurately describe the changes they live and identify which factors influence their vulnerability. These factors include socioeconomic status, urban / rural divide, lack of access to certain goods and services. All this joined the results from the social vulnerability index calculated more objectively and more at a regional scale. The conclusion is that, for adaptation efforts to be effective, it is important to consider what matters most to the people. More specifically, they should be involved in any research which aim to find solutions to their problems and; the implementation of any adaptation or coping strategy must rely on local resources. Moreover, in such a context of poverty, it is necessary that any adaptation project or program should integrate the dual objective of poverty reduction and adaptation to climate change. Keywords: water, perceptions, social representations, local development, climate change, vulnerability, social vulnerability, livelihoods, grounded theory, SOLAP, Artibonite watershed, Haiti and Hispaniola.
Rouleau, Lucie. "Sondage à deux degrés sur mosaïque de photos aériennes, pour l'estimation de données socio-démographiques à Santiago De Los Caballeros, République Dominicaine." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8285.
Full textCharles, Joseph. "« SOLIDARITE FWONTALYE » RELUE À LA LUMIÈRE DU DÉVELOPPEMENT INTÉGRAL. Une approche théologique de la pratique de « Solidarite fwontalye »." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29356/29356.pdf.
Full textBrito, Bruno Claudia. "Contribution à la connaissance des déterminants dans le choix du successeur de l'entreprise familiale dominicaine." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40063/document.
Full textDuring the last years in Latin American there have been researches that identifythe family business inside their scope of study, contributing some data thatconfirm their important presence and role in the economy of several countries(Poza E. (1995); (Khulman, 1996) (Kajihara, 1998); (Davis J. A., 2006).Dominican Republic is not the exception, as explained by Van der Linde & Bello(2001); in the country exists a solid family business network in its first andsecond generations, with some big companies on their third, statement thatproduces evidence to develop an interest and need to prevent the mortality ofsuch companies.The practice that is modeled in the family business to achieve their intergenerationalsurvival is succession, understood as a process that culminates withthe decision making of a new successor leader who will have the company underhis/her command (Chua, Chrisman, & Sharma, 1999); (Chrisman, Chua, &Sharma, 2003).What we usually call “decision making” is a process that is applied to everydaysituations in the management of organizations, which turns complex andintricate in the context of family business. Thereon Basly S., (2005) made acomparison between family and non-family businesses proposing a logic ofdecision making different in each one, and highlighting the dominant dimension,process, speed and assumptions in which the decision is sustained. This studysuggests that family businesses are not governed by the normative model of decision making, assertion that gave us a clue to step into the subject ofrationality and decision making in the family business.Citing Simon (1955) the purpose of all constructions of an approximaterationality is to give materials for the development of a theory of the behavior ofdecision making individuals in the context of an organization. Nonetheless andopposite, we have the paradox that if we assume the type of overall rationality ofthe classical theory, the problems of the inner structure of the company, orwhatever organization it is, disappear almost completely
Parent, Diane. "Traduire la "dominicanidad" de Junot Diaz dans "The Sun, the Moon, the Stars" et "Wildwood"." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23991.
Full textMorin, Annick. "Recherche-action en éducation de la petite enfance menée avec des parents et des intervenant(e)s en République Dominicaine, une analyse descriptive." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0012/MQ41966.pdf.
Full textSabas, Lucile. "La politique des taux de change et l'insertion d'une petite économie à l'économie mondiale : cas de la Jamaïque et de la république dominicaine." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010080.
Full textIn the context of the international financial institutions adjustment programs, most of the developing countries applied devaluation policies, to improve their insertion to the world economy, and restablish their economic performance. Jamaica and the dominican republic are two of the first countries which have applied those programs. In despite of the fact that the Marshall-Lerner condition can be satisfied (for those two countries), the devaluation they adopted between the 70s and 80s, did not produce the expected effects. Those failures are to be found in the deficiency of devaluation policies to impulse an insertion process for the ldcs, to the world economy. Those, because of undefinitive and uncontinuous nature of devaluation effects. Because devaluation favour imports of foreign goods containing "savoir-faire", technics and technology, it's important for these countries to have training labor which will be able to capture and integrate them (savoir-faire, technology etc. . . ) In a new productive process. Hence, exports coming from this productive process, helped by devaluations, will conquere new markets. In fact, they will henceforth be composed with goods containing more added value, and able to meet an international demand which is changing. So, this defines a new development strategy for the developing countries, based on the mixture of devaluation policies and well coordinated policies of learning by doing and training of human capital
Jimenez, Romero Sterling Modesto. "Contribution à la compréhension de l'impact des facteurs exogènes de risque sur les PME des pays en développement : le cas de la République Dominicaine." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40024/document.
Full textMany of the management studies on the performance of the company are focusedon explaining the relationship between the internal factors or intrinsic characteristicsof the firm (debt level, diversification of products, competitive strategy, etc.) and itsperformance. This thesis seeks to determine, what are the exogenous risk factorsthat impact the performance of all companies in the Dominican Republic? Thesefactors differentially affect the micro, small and medium enterprises according to theirbusiness sector. What is the risk on each of the most representative sub-sectors ofthe Dominican companies? We found that the most statistically significant riskfactors are the household consumption expenditure, the interest rate of commercialbanks, the total investment, the DOP to USD exchange rate and the deficit on thetrade balance. The composition and importance of the factors significantly variesdepending on the size of the company and the sub-sector to which it belongs. Also,large firms are on average less risky than medium, small and micro regardless of thesub-sector they belong
Muchos de los estudios de gestión sobre el performance de la empresa se enfocanen explicar la relación que existe entre los factores o características intrínsecas de laempresa (nivel de endeudamiento, diversificación de productos, estrategiacompetitiva, etc.) y el performance de la misma. Esta tesis busca determinar¿cuáles son los factores exógenos de riesgo que impactan el performance de lasempresas de la República Dominicana? Si estos factores afectan de forma diferentea la micro, pequeña y mediana empresa según su actividad empresarial. ¿Cuál es elriesgo que tiene cada uno de los sub-sectores más representativos de las empresasdominicanas? Encontramos que los factores de riesgo estadísticamente mássignificativos son el consumo de los hogares, la tasa de interés de los bancoscomerciales, la inversión total, la tasa de cambio de DOP a USD y el déficit en labalanza comercial. La importancia y composición de los factores varíasignificativamente según el tamaño de la empresa y el sub-sector al que pertenece.También, en promedio, las empresas grandes tienen menos riesgos que lasmedianas, pequeñas y micro sin importar al sub-sector que pertenezcan
Gourmaud-Gonzáles, Aline. "Migrations et métissages dans la littérature caribéenne." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2013/document.
Full textThis research work deals with Caribbean literature and more precisely with the issue of narration. A literary corpus will be used to study migrations and amalgamations within societies living in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. Caribbean writers have always been very concerned with History, and their attempts to describe their own society have been a constant phenomenon since the early 20th century. Thanks to this thesis, we will try to see whether all the contributions brought along via migratory movements toward, inward and outward Caribbean have been acknowledged by the culture of the host countries. The study is divided in three parts: the first will present the concepts and the historical background alluded to in the novels and short stories, the second will consist in a textual analysis, the third will focus on some authors' points of view. Marta Rojas, Luis López Nieves and Marcio Veloz Maggiolo have been asked five questions about Caribbean literature, their own oeuvre and their sources of inspiration. Thanks to their answers, we will try to figure whether nowadays Caribbean literature should be considered as one or many
Kemavo, Anoumou. "Potentialités des données de télédétection optique et radar libres d’accès pour l’évaluation et le suivi des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : étude de cas au Togo, en République Démocratique du Congo, en Guyane française et en République Dominicaine." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC2181/document.
Full textThis study aims to explore the potential of optical remote sensing and free access radar data for the assessment and monitoring of tropical, dry or wet forest ecosystems. Different test sites located in these tropical forest ecosystems have been selected. These are: the Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the Oti-Keran-Mandourie Biosphere Reserve (OKM) and Togodo Wildlife Reserve (RFT) in Togo, the area around the bridge linking the city of Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock and the plain of the Kourou coast in French Guiana and the province of Monté Cristi in the Dominican Republic. Different data were used in this study: for radar images, Sentinel-1 time series, Alos-2 mosaics and, for optical images, Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8. Exogenous data such as GPS points, digital terrain models and reference maps. The methodology approach used consists of pretreatment on optical and radar images. Specific approaches, varying by study site, included: photo detailed interpretation, supervised SVM classification, forest inventory and application of allometric equations, a wavelet decomposition detection approach, a detection approach automatic changes by thresholding and the characterization of these changes. The main results are:PNVI site: land cover maps and forest, non-forest binary maps of 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017 are produced on the PNVI. Over the 30-year period using the binary maps between 1987 and 2017 the average annual rate of deforestation is 1.07%. This high deforestation rate shows the increasing pressure on forest resources in the Virunga landscape. OKM and RFT site: a classification carried out on a combination of optical and radar images gives slightly better performances than classifications carried out on optical and radar images considered separately. The land cover maps from these classifications were used as a basis for estimating carbon stocks through forest resource assessment. At the Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock site, temporal analysis using wavelet decompositions revealed three main types of changes due to anthropogenic deforestation, seasonal changes and agricultural changes. On the site of the Monté Cristi province in the Dominican Republic, the joint analysis of radar and optical images made it possible to propose a cartography comprising 18 field-controlled land cover classes with an overall accuracy of more than 90%. Historical forest monitoring shows a decline in forest cover. At the same time, we observe a regression of the surface of mangroves between 2015 and 2018.This study has highlighted the immense potential of optical and radar remote sensing data in the characterization, mapping and monitoring of land use layers in tropical ecosystems in different regions of the world and according to seasonal conditions. While each type of remote sensing data has these discriminatory qualities and capabilities, this study has shown that the joint and combined use of two types of data significantly increases the characterization and discrimination of land-use classes and thus increases the chances of reliability of the actions to be carried out
Fournier, Louis. "Variations de l'albedo de surface due aux changements de l’utilisation du sol entre 1972/73 et 1985/86 dans le secteur ouest de la République Dominicaine." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10925.
Full textCharlescar, Manoucheka. "Optimisation hydroéconomique du bassin versant Artibonite." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68024.
Full textThis MSc thesis analyses the impact of temperature anomalies in the Caribbean region (SSTC) on the hydrology of the Artibonite river and on the performance of the water resources system including planned irrigation and hydropower projects. The method relies on hydroeconomic modelling and scenario analysis. The water resources system of the Artibonite River is optimized for two decision-making scenarios : with or without SSTC-based management decisions. Comparing the economic performance of the water resources system for these two scenario reveals the utility of this hydro-climate information. The results show that while the inflows of the basin are linearly dependent on these anomalies, the intensity of the relationship is insufficient to influence the decisions and hence improves the performance of the system, whether in dry, normal or wet year.
Deblois, Marc. "Étude diachronique du peuplement de palétuviers du nord-ouest de la province de Monte Cristi en République Dominicaine à l'aide de photographies aériennes panchromatiques et d'images satellitaires." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10931.
Full textBuzenot, Laurence. "Industrialisation, zone franche et développement socio-spatial dans les espaces insulaires. Les cas des îles de la Caraïbe et de l'île Maurice." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858568.
Full textFreguin, Gresh Sandrine. "CHRONIQUE D'UNE CRISE AGRAIRE ANNONCÉEÉtude comparée des transformations des systèmes agraires et des dynamiques d'échanges transfrontaliers entre Haïti et la République Dominicaine - le cas de la filière banane plantain -." Phd thesis, Institut national agronomique paris-grignon - INA P-G, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00175787.
Full texthypothèses quant aux perspectives d'évolution des agricultures et des échanges de part et d'autre de la frontière.
Cette recherche a été conduite sur la base d'une analyse-diagnostic de l'agriculture, axée sur l'étude de la place de la banane dans des systèmes de production parfois complexes, et d'une analyse filière dans les deux régions. Elle a reposé sur un travail de terrain approfondi : lecture de paysage, entretiens avec des producteurs et différents agents économiques de la filière. Nous avons mis en évidence que la libéralisation des échanges a eu un rôle majeur dans la spécialisation bananière. Alors que les systèmes de production s'articulaient sur des combinaisons complexes de cultures et d'élevages,
l'ouverture économique a conduit les agriculteurs à se spécialiser, par manque d'autres alternatives ; leurs systèmes de production ont été simplifiés et sont ainsi devenus très vulnérables sur le plan agronomique. La productivité plus faible du
travail, liée aux superficies réduites que travaillent les paysans haïtiens malgré de fortes valeurs ajoutées par hectare, et l'acquittement d'une rente foncière élevée, conduisent à la cherté du plantain de l'Arcahaie par rapport à celui de la vallée du Yaque del Sur. Comme les commerçants récupèrent un pourcentage équivalent du prix final, et malgré un fonctionnement distinct des deux filières, les bananes haïtiennes sont moins compétitives sur le marché port -au-princien; la concurrence de la banane dominicaine a eu pour conséquence une grave crise agraire.
Cette recherche se situe donc au coeur de la question des conséquences négatives de la mondialisation des
échanges agricoles sur les pays du Sud et aborde celle de la résolution de cette crise agraire, sans précédent dans l'histoire des paysanneries quisqueyennes.
Delgado, Guante Denise. "Cultures d'enseignement et cultures d'apprentissage : Regars croisés sur les pratiques didactiques dans les classes de français et d'espagnol langues seconde et de scolarisation en Guyane et en République dominicaine." Antilles-Guyane, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0319.
Full textToday, teaching-learning language practices analysis is in line with a triple sphere of influence concerning issues encountered first in ergonomics ofdidactic practices, second, in a reflection on the eclecticism of second language teaching practices and, finally, in an ethnological approach ofdidactic behaviours. Concerning the third aspect, the research on teaching-learning activities in the classroom aims to consider the speaker in a wider dimension. The subject is then considered as a competent social actor. For that reason, this orientation allows to approach the pedagogical behaviour from a double perspective: upstream, if linguistic, didactic and educational experiences ofthe subject are considered as an ensemble portraying teaching and learning cultures (CECA); downstream, if it aims at an adaptation ofpedagogical behaviour to suit teaching-learning frameworks or learner needs as a social actor. These teaching-learning relationships are described a priori as an interactive framework for didactic practices. At first, didactic research on teaching-learning activities in the classroom focused on issues relating to communicative situation and its components adapted to classroom situations. Now, with a new epistemological orientation promoted by the extension ofthe subject ofdidactic research including, in concrete terms, culture issues besides language issues or linguaculture, it is the opposite which leads up to the didactic analysis. Communicative situation is from now on considered as a component in the framework ofthe didactic situation, itself characterized by socio-cultural and institutional environments. In these conditions, if a perspective ofthe subject as a "learner" is replaced by a perspective ofhim as a "social actor", a new approach ofteaching-learning language and culture practices is needed. The case ofsecond language teaching and the experience ofnon-native speaker immigrant pupils with a foreign teaching language offer the opportunity to study the interaction between different languages, cultures (knowledge) and CECA (behaviour) through field work, throughout which was observed the way of cobeing and co-acting in Guyanese and Dominican multilingual classes. This topic was developed in order to understand, on the one hand, how dissimilar educational, didactic and political patterns encourage enculturation ofnon-native speaker pupils in accordance with specific cultural strategies and, on the other hand, how teacher and pupil work out strategies in order to manage cobeing and co-acting, through the example ofvocabulary and meaning teaching, when dissimilar linguistic norms and pedagogical-didactic norms (standards ofbehaviour) get in contact in multilingual and multicultural classes
Hernández-Contreras, Carlos. "Le droit du licenciement dans les pays du traité DR-CAFTA et le Panama : Étude comparative du licenciement aux États-Unis, l'Amérique centrale, la République dominicaine et le Panama." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010276.
Full textPérez, Estrella Cecilia Mercedes. "La responsabilité sociétale dans l'entreprise familiale : une question de temps? : Le cycle de vie de l'entreprise familiale comme déterminant de sa gestion socialement responsable : Le cas de la République Dominicaine." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0753/document.
Full textThe concept of Corporate Social Responsibility, as well as the concept of family business have been part of the agenda of numerous theories, managing to develop widely in the last few decades. Nevertheless, the management of Corporate Social Responsibility in family firms continues to be a slightly studied area (Gallo, 2004 ; Van Gils, Dibrell, Neubaum and Craig, 2014), and the influence of the generational aspect remains as one of the principal gaps in the knowledge of this matter. That is why, this research focused on exploring and understanding how and why the stage of the life cycle in which one finds the family firm is a defining factor in its management of Corporate Social Responsibility.To achieve this objective from an abductive approach, this research has a qualitative nature based on the case study research method, which allowed the deep exploration of twelve propositions contemplated in the proposed theoretical model. Technics including observation, semi-structured interviews, genogram construction and documentary analysis, were used to obtain a detailed landscape of each one of the six companies approached in the field study. These family firms correspond to different economic sectors, all of which reached great size, as well as outstanding management of Corporate Social Responsibility.The principal conclusions point that certainly, the management of Corporate Social Responsibility becomes more frequent, more complex and more formal in the context of the family firms, as different generations of the family are joining the management and owning the business and they surpass the typical challenges of survival and growth in the early stages of their life cycle.Normally, the members of subsequent generations to the founder tend to have a more strategic vision of the Corporate Social Responsibility. In most cases, the founder exercises a role of inspiratory or beginner of Corporate Social Responsibility practices. The later generations generally exercise the role of the formalization.The management of Corporate Social Responsibility is part of the vision of long term of the family firms, which becomes evident across the expectations of the executives of the company about the commitment of the subsequent generations with the continuity of Corporate Social Responsibility. The inclusion of the family name in the company name influences the commitment of the family with the management of Corporate Social Responsibility, because it is considered as part of the family legacy and the preservation of the good name of the predecessors
Bourgeois, Catherine. "Au-delà des collines. Ethnographie des relations dominico-haïtiennes en zone frontalière." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/233130.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bissainthe, Jean Ghasmann. "La migration contemporaine : une approche ethnographique sur les immigrants dominicains à New York City." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0158.
Full textThis study focuses upon Dominican migration in New York City , especially the area of Washington Heights where the majority of the migrants are concentrated; This research stresses the essential features of the creation of the Dominican Community in this area, the formation of multiple bi-national associations, the different mechanisms of adjustment to the urban area and the elements of social cohesion and capital that contribute to the progress of small enterprises and the survival of the immigrants in a hostile environment. We acknowledge that the migratory process has been very dynamic because of the intensity of family and social relations among Dominicans home and abroad; The peasant family structure and conditions have been also explored by virtue of the fact that it has played a primary role in determining this type of migration; However; the reasons for Dominican exodus is usually based upon economics; but we have observed that there is a strong social factor that drives the Dominicans to leave their country. They send back home social and economic remittances and make investments to gain respect and recognition in their community of origin. We discover that the social dimension of their displacement is interconnected with the economic component. This thesis lays out the political and social and cultural values of the Dominican immigrants; it reveals their transmigration and put in perspective the future of their community in New York City
Venegoni, Giovanni. "La flibuste de Saint-Domingue (1684-1727) : analyse d'un phénomène américain." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040065.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the evolution from emanation of European society to actors of the American continent of colonial communities in the New World. The main focus of this study will be the process of “americanization”, understood as a metamorphosis, on American soil, of the elements come from other parts of the world. To study this historical phenomenon, it is taken as an example the case of the population of the French colony of Saint-Domingue (today Haiti), and in particular the “freebooters”.The term “freebooter”, in the correspondence of the French administrators, refers to an element of the colonial communities considered crucial for American settlements. The process of “americanization” of the freebooters, in relation with American spaces and European colonies, is the focus of this thesis.Using a culture-historical approach, we have contextualized the phenomenon of “freebooters” among the first European communities who settled in America. The evolution of the relationship between the “freebooters” of Saint-Domingue and the “spaces” – economic, military, diplomatic, social, human – of the Caribbean Sea and the American hemisphere is an indicator of the transformation of the “freebooters” in a “americanized” phenomenon.Through the reading of archival records, memoirs and coeval publications of the years between 1684 and 1727, we have reconstructed the dynamics of the relationship between this group and the American context, in order to prove that its metamorphosis, although unfinished, was one of the first examples of early modern americanization
Questa tesi si concentra sulla trasformazione delle comunità coloniali del Nuovo Mondo da emanazione della società europea a soggetto proprio del continente americano. Al centro dello studio sarà posto il processo di “americanizzazione”, inteso come la metamorfosi, sul suolo americano, degli elementi giunti dalle altre parti del mondo. Per studiare questo fenomeno storico, si è preso come esempio il caso della popolazione della colonia francese di Saint-Domingue (oggi Haiti), ed in particolare la “filibusta”. Il termine “filibusta”, nelle corrispondenze dei governatori francesi, fa riferimento ad un elemento delle comunità coloniali considerato fondamentale per gli insediamenti americani. Il processo di “americanizzazione” della filibusta, in relazione con gli spazi americani e con gli insediamenti coloniali europei, è la tematica principale di questa tesi. Utilizzando un approccio storico-culturale, si è contestualizzato il fenomeno della “filibusta” nelle prime comunità europee insediatesi in America. L’evoluzione dei rapporti tra i “filibustieri” della colonia francese di Saint-Domingue e gli “spazi” – economico, militare, diplomatico, sociale, umano – del Mar dei Caraibi e dell’emisfero americano è un indicatore della trasformazione della “filibusta” in un fenomeno “americanizzato”.Attraverso la lettura della documentazione d’archivio, della memorialistica e della pubblicistica degli anni compresi tra il 1684 e il 1727, si sono ricostruite le dinamiche delle relazioni esistenti tra questo gruppo e l’ambito americano, al fine di dimostrare che la sua metamorfosi, sebbene incompiuta, fu uno dei primi esempi di americanizzazione
Martinez, Mota Reina Teresa. "Contribution to the assessment of the risk of spreading banana streak viruses (bsvs) in the Dominican Republic through the cultivation of banana interspecific hybrids harbouring infectious endogenous bsv sequences." Thesis, Antilles, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANTI0017/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the risk of spreading Banana streak viruses in the Dominican Republic through the large scale cultivation of hybrid varieties Macho x Hembra and FHIA-21, which both harbor infectious eBSVs. An unprecedented survey showed that BSOLV and BSGFV are widespread in both varieties, with BSGFV being the most prevalent species, and that BSIMV is not present. BSGFV prevalence level was significantly higher in FHIA-21 than in MxH. Analyses of molecular taxonomical data of the natural mealybug vectors of BSVs and eBSV patterns of MxH and FHIA-21 were carried out and pointed to a marginal role of mealybugs in the transmission of BSGFV and BSOLV in the Dominican Republic in MxH and FHIA-21.The kinetics of activation of infectious eBSOLV and eBSGFV in MxH and FHIA-21 was monitored under field conditions. Results collected over 15 months showed that infectious alleles OL1 (BSOLV) and GF7 (eBSGFV) are differentially expressed in MxH and FHIA-21and that the mode of multiplication of the planting material influences expression levels. Preliminary results also suggest that BSV infection does not have a major effect on fruit production. Overall, this thesis contributes significantly to the development and implementation of appropriate strategies for evaluating and mitigating the risks of spreading BSVs that are associated with the cultivation of banana interspecific hybrids