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Fayette-Mavoungou, André. "L'organisation judiciaire en republique populaire du congo." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA111009.
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Le systeme judiciaire d'avant 1983 etait caracterise par la dualite de justice : une justice de droit moderne et une justice de droit international. Avec la loi du 21 avril 1983, la republique populaire du congo met fin a cette dualite en unifiant la justice. L'unification de la justice s'est traduite par la disparition des juridictions traditionnelles. La nouvelle organisation judiciaire issue de la loi 1983 peut etre presentee comme un demarquage pur et simple du systeme francais. C'est une organisation judiciaire proche des systemes judiciaires marxistes : election des juges non professionnels ( candidats investis par le p. C. T. ), creation des tribunaux populaires, subordination de la justice au parti. Avec l'avenement du mulitpartisme, ce systeme judiciaire sera t-il remis en cause ?<br>Before 1983, judicial system was characterized by the duality of the justice : one of modern law and another of common lax. With the law of 21 april 1983, popular repulic of congo put an end to this dualyty in unifying the justice. This unification caused the disappearing of commons jurisdictions. The new judical organization, stemmed from a the law of 21 april 1983, can be presented as a pur and simple plagiarism of judicial french system. This is a judicial organization near to judicial marxist system : election of non professional judges ( candidates invested by congolese party of labour (c. P. L. ) ), creation of popular tribunals, subordination of the justice to the party. Will this judicial system have questioned with the advent of multipartism ?
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GOUHIZOUN, FRANCOISE. "Le financement des objectifs de la planification economique et sociale en republique populaire du benin et en republique populaire du congo." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT3012.
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L'objectif de ce travail est d'etudier les raisons qui expliquent qu'environ trois decennies apres l'independance du benin et du congo, et de bien d'autres pays retardes, le developpement rapide inscrit dans les plans n'a guere eu lieu. Le travail a conduit a analyser le cadre macrofinancier qui entoure la mise en oeuvre des objectifs que ces pays se donnent. On decouvre ainsi que la maitrise des moyens de financement destines a la realisation des objectifs etablis echappe largement aux autorites responsables du developpement et de la planification. Les principaux instruments de financement : le developpement agricole, la politique budgetaire, les organismes financiers specialises, l'intermediation financiere en general et la politique monetaire sont tous defaillants. La question du developpement agricole, qui devrait permettre la formation d'une epargne capable de couvrir les besoins financiers des plans, n'a pas recu une reponse appropriee. La politique budgetaire est sans lien avec le financement des objectifs planifies. Les institutions financieres ont d'autres preoccupations que le financement des activites porteuses de la strategie du developpement et ne sont guere capables de stimuler l'innovation financiere ni de promouvoir le financement de la planification. La politique monetaire n'est pas vraiment orientee vers le financement des activites productives. La maitrise de ces instruments de financement est un prealable indispensable a la realisation de l'objectif central de la planification : le developpement<br>The purpose of this study is to explain the reasons why developing countries did not yet reach the goals that were fixed in development plans 3 decades ago. The study has led to analyze the macrofinancial environment that existed when carrying into effect the goals of these countries. By this way, one discovers that the financement means that are needed to the realization of the goals are not controled by the authorities responsible for development and planification. The main means of financement - agricultural development;- budgetary policy ; - specialized financial organismes ; - intermediation financement and money policy are all failing. The question of agricultural development that should permit the financement of the plans didn't receive an appropriate answer. The budgetary policy has nothing in common with the financement of the plannified purposes. The financial institutions have other problems than the financement of activities of strategy of development. The are not able to stimulate the financial innovation and neither to promote the planification financement. The expertness of theses means of financement is a preliminary to the realization of the main purpose of planification - development
3
Moutsouka, Kata-Marcel. "Les disparites d'encadrement administratif en republique populaire du congo." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05D001.
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Au congo, certaines populations jouissent pleinement ou normalement et, parfois, excedentairement, de l'acces aux services publics. Tandis qu'au meme moment, d'autres en manquent presque ou totalement. En d'autres termes, l'administration publique congolaise, qui serait en principe le regulateur de l'interet collectif et l'animatrice du developpement national, encadre tres inegalement les populations dont elle a la charge. Et cela pose des problemes. D'ou l'objet de cette etude qui, en fait, comporte trois donnees principales, dont les deux premieres constituent la trame concrete et portent respectivement sur le constat, d'une part, et l'explication d'autre part, des disparites d'encadrement administratif au congo. Quant a la troisieme, elle essaie toutefois de cerner les remedes envisageables. Il parait cependant evident qu'une conscience politique reelle et efficace soit de mise, en vue d'attenuer ces multiples distorsions administratives. Ainsi pourrait-on envisager, non seulement de rationaliser l'activite de l'etat, mais aussi de reformer son appareil administratif en vue de l'adapter au contexte socio-culturel et economique national<br>In congo, some populations have full or natural and sometimes, unreasonable access to public services. At the some time, other populations have approximately or not at all access to these public services. It means that congolese public administration, would be the regulator of common interest and the main guide of national development trains inequally the populations. The subject of this study which is in fact built in three principal ideas is the explanation of the these disparities of the administrative setting in congo ; the three principal ideas are : the ideas 1 and 2 show the real situation and explain it; the 3th idea tries to propose or to suggest the possible resolution. A political will necessary to make right resolution to standardize these disparities. So, the state activity would be standardized whilst its administrative structure will be harmonized to the congolese social, cultural and economic context
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Biaouila, Albert. "Les arts et les lettres en republique populaire du congo." Paris 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA020087.
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Chazee, Laurent. "Evolution des systemes de production ruraux en republique democratique populaire du laos." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070108.
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L'objectif de ce travail est de decrire les systemes de production ruraux du laos, en particulier ceux du nord du pays, et d'analyser leur evolution entre 1975 et 1995. Lorsque le parti communiste lao prit le pouvoir en 1975, les activites vivrieres caracterisaient ces systemes. La production rizicole, le maraichage, l'elevage extensif, la peche, la cueillette et la chasse en etaient les principales composantes. Les premieres annees de production et d'economie planifiees entre 1976 et 1985 n'ont fait que renforcer les habitudes paysannes traditionnelles et le comportement autarcique des societes rurales. A la veille de l'ouverture economique du pays en 1986, les systemes agraires laotiens avaient pris un retard considerable face a la thailande et aux autres pays membres de l'asean. Cette ouverture economique representait un defi lourd a relever vis a vis du contexte historique, politique, economique et social du pays et face a la puissance economique des pays voisins. Pourtant, a partir de 1986, les communautes rurales oriente spontanement et progressivement leurs systemes de production vers la demande des marches locaux et thailandais. Cette tendance fut particulierement nette chez les agriculteurs de plaine. Leur integration dans l'economie de marche etait facilitee par les nouvelles politiques nationales et par l'abondance des ressources naturelles que le parti communiste avai su preserver. Elle etait aussi catalysee par le dynamisme economique de l'asie du sud-est. Les essarteurs, plus isoles et moins informes, s'integraient beaucoup plus lentement a l'economie nationale. Ils y sont encourages par le gouvernement qui poursuit son programme de relocalisation des villages et sa politique restrictive vis a vis des pratiques de defriche-brulis. Les tendances montrent que l'agriculteur laotien progressiste se refere aux modeles ruraux de la thailande. Il les adapte au contexte social qu'il souhaite encore garder authentique. Neanmoins, les conditions relativement bonnes d'environnement et de demographie en zone rurale le confortent encore dans un comportement de production de subsistance. Seules les activites a forte productivite du travail comme l'elevage et les activites non agricoles de transformation et de service le motivent a modifier son attitude. Le bond d'un systeme traditionnel de subsistance a un systeme oriente sur l'entreprise privee represente u<br>The objective of the work is to describe the rural production systems in laos, particularly in the northern provinces, and to analyse their evolution between 1975 and 1995. When the lao communist party took the power in 1975, the production systems of the rural lao communities were based on food-sufficiency. The rice production, the vegetable gardens, the traditional animal husbandry, the fishing, the gathering and the hunting activities were the main components of those systems. The first period of the centrally planned production and economy between 1975 and 1985 have strengthened the traditional habits of the rural societies and their autarky behaviour. In 1985, before the economic reforms, the lao agrarian systems accounted a considerable delay comparing to those of thailand and other asean countries. These economic reforms were a difficult challenge to undertake with the historical, political, economic and social context of the country and in front of the economic power of the neighbouring countries. Nevertheless, since 1986, the rural communities have spontaneously and progressively oriented their production systems towards the local and thai market demands. This tendency was particularly visible for the farmers living in the plain areas. Their integration in the market economy was facilitated by the new national policies and by the important natural resources that the communist party had been able to preserve. This integration was equally boosted by the economic dynamism of the south-east asia. The shifting cultivators, more isolated and less informed, benefited to a less extent to the national economy. Their integration is encouraged by the government, through village resettlement programme and restrictive policies against slash and burn techniques. The tendencies show that for progressist lao farmers, the thai production systems are the reference. These models are adapted in the lao social context that the farmer would like to keep authentic. Nevertheless, the good environmental and demographic situations in most of the lao rural areas usually do not oblige the farmers to modify their traditional subsistence-based farming attitude. The farmers respond positively only for the high work productivity activities such as livestock raising and off farm processing and service oriented activities. The switch from a subsistence-based farming system to a entr
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OYELE, MIAZOU PIERRE. "Donnees de base necessaires pour la planification sanitaire en republique populaire du congo." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010049.
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Lorsqu'un pays ne dispose que de tres peu de donnees exactes et completes ou qu'il n'en possede pas du tout, il faut mener de front la collecte des renseignements indispensables et le travail de planification sanitaire, et apporter regulierement au plan des modifications dictees par les elements d'information recueillis, c'est pourquoi les donnees de base necessaires pour la planification sanitaire en republique populaire du congo jouent un role important dans la realisation des plans, elles permettent aux planificateurs et aux administrateurs de sante de recueillir les donnees demographiques nationales et regionales afin de faire le diagnostic de la situation c'est-a-dire faire la description de l' etat sanitaire d'un pays par des enquetes sanitaires (taux de mortalite generale, mortalite infantile, les causes de deces, la morbidite, l'hospitalisation, sur l'esperance de vie et les conditions de vie). C'est grace aux donnees de base necessaires pour la planification sanitaire qu'on peut etablir des priorites et faire l'inventaire des infrastructures sanitaires publiques et privees, la comparaison des deux systemes de soins sur le plan nation et international et determiner quel est le systeme le plus predoninant, elles sont un instrument utile pour le planificateur et l'administrateur de sante, elles peuvent etre utiles pour la recherche sur les systemes de sante. Elles permettent de faire l'analyse du financement des services de sante congolais, de connaitre comment sont repartis les credits alloues aux services de sante ainsi que le personnel dans toutes les regions. Elles contribuent a la resolution d'un certain nombre de problemes qui se pose a l'heure actuelle surtout pour la formation du personnel qualifie sur place afin d'eviter l'exode des cerveaux vers les pays etrangers.
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SIMONDON, BORK KIRSTEN. "Prediction des malnutritions proteino-energetiques par la croissance infantile au congo rural et a pikine, senegal." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA115010.
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Proust, Jean-Marc. "Racisme et nationalisme dans le roman populaire francais sous la iiie republique (1870-1940)." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100082.
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"ne" avec les mysteres de paris en 1842, le roman populaire connait rapidement un succes considerable - son apogee se situant sous la iiie republique. Or, les romans populaires sont parfois le reflet d'une ideologie aux accents fortement racistes et nationalistes. Les attitudes des personnages (boire et manger, rapports a l'amour et a la famille, au travail, a l'argent, a la religion. . . ) sont revelatrices et opposent irreductiblement les "bons" - ce sont en general des francais - aux "mauvais" - pour la plupart des etrangers. Une logique d'affrontement se met rapidement en place. L'obsession du complot temoigne d'un nationalisme ferme, replie sur lui-meme. L'agressivite qui emane de textes souvent belliqueux est avant tout l'expression d'un "deuil", celui de l'alsace et de la lorraine, perdues en 1870. Cela donne meme lieu a une veine bien particuliere du roman populaire: le roman revanchard. L'exaltation du colonialisme est egalement de nature inquiete et frileuse. Dans ces romans, la france jalouse l'angleterre meme si l'esprit cocardier des auteurs les amene a y afficher des valeurs republicaines typiquement francaises. De ces attitudes et confrontations decoule une typologie de peuples - on dit alors: "races" - fortement liee aux alliances diplomatiques de l'epoque. Le russe est un ami lorsque l'italien s'allie a l'allemand. Les notions de race, d'exotisme ou la figure du "sauvage" montrent combien les romanciers populaires ont use des prejuges de l'epoque pour les restituer sous forme de stereotypes. Leurs oeuvres s'inscrivent ainsi dans une forme de propagande insidieuse au service d'idees racistes et nationalistes<br>"born" in 1842 with les mysteres de paris, french popular novels experience quickly great success which reaches its very peack point during the third republic. French popular novelists highlight a racist and nationalist ideology. Characters behaviours, such as drinking and eating, or love, family, work, money and religion themes, are revealing to that respect. They always draw opposite features : "good" people (usually they are french) versus "bad" people - most of them are foreigners. The way they stand together highlight discrepancies between two worlds. Obsessed with plot, the novelists prove to belong to a narrow and anxious nationalism. Mourning the lost in 1870 of alsace and lorraine, french popular novels show warlike pulsions which generate a particular novel type, called "roman revanchard" (novels of revenge). The celebration of colonialism has twofold sides, as though it were emphasized to make up for the french inferior colonial stand. Jealousy to england appears quickly even though novelists often depicts typical french republican ideas. A people (one says then: "races") typology soon originates, which is closely tied to the diplomatic period unions. Russians are friends but italians and germans become allies - against french people. Races, exotism or the "savage" character highlight the way french popular novelists took bias in order to use them as the period stereotypes. So that they created a catchy propaganda serving racist and nationalist ideas
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Makoundou, Cyriaque Appolinaire. "L'evolution de la reforme de l'enseignement a l'ecole fondamentale en republique populaire du congo." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20103.
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Nous avons tente d'effectuer un bilan des differentes actions qui ont ete entreprises dans le cadre de la renovation du systeme scolaire au congo. L'importance de ces innovations notamment celles qui touchent a la mise en place de l'ecole du peuple, nous conduit a nous interroger sur l'ampleur des difficultes et problemes que pose a la societe congolaise son systeme educatif. Notre propos consiste a montrer que depuis l'ere coloniale jusqu'a aujourd'hui, les differentes mesures de reformes introduites dans l'en seignement de notre pays en particulier et en afrique en general, ont abouti simplement a une impasse scolaire. Les seuils de rupture pressentis depuis l'independance se dressent avec plus de force a tous les niveaux de la scolarisation entrainant le blocage economique et social du congo. Le systeme scolaire congolais est fertile en reformes et en projets de reforme qui se succedent et s'annulent. Au moment ou la reforme de l'ecole du peuple s'elabore et s'etablit, nous avons voulu nous interroger sur les rapports entre le projet et la realite. Entre les objectifs vises et ceux atteints; notre objectif etant de cerner la concordance ou la divergence entre deux realites et essayer d'apporter un nouvel eclairage des problemes que rencontre l'ecole en republique populaire du congo<br>We have endeavoured to evaluate different actions about the renerwing of congolese educational system. The importance of these innovations, particulary those which the etablishement of l'ecole du peuple leads us to wonder about the amount of hinderances and problems which result from the application of this educational system on the congolese society. Our dissertation consists of showing that different decisions concerning educational amendments, from the colonial period up to now particu lary in our country and in africa in general come simply to a deadlook. The breaking points already notical since independance become real at all levels of schooling causing economical and social drawbacks for the people's republic of congo. The congolese educational system abounds with reforms and with new projects which follow one another. Since the reform about l'ecole du peuple has been worked out and applied we wonder about the link between the project and its realisation the link between the arms and these which have already been pulpilled. Our work consists of bringing out the correlation or the divergence between these two aspects "realities"
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UNG, MENG. "Perspectives d'utilisation d'une antiprogesterone, le ru 38. 486 (ru 486 mifepristone) dans le programme de controle de la fertilite en republique populaire de chine." Amiens, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AMIEM030.
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Huchet, Jean-François. "Transferts internationaux de technologie et industrialisation tardive : le cas de l'industrie electronique en republique populaire de chine." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN11015.
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A partir d'un bilan de l'experience chinoise entre 1978 et 1991 en matiere de transfert de technologie dans l'industrie electronique, la these vise a expliquer les obstacles rencontres par les entreprises du secteur d'etat dans leur incapacite a tirer parti de maniere efficiente d'un apport de technologies etrangeres. La realisation de ce bilan s'appuie sur la construction au prealable d'un cadre d'analyse theorique du transfert de technologie qui permette de comprendre comment un pays en voie de developpement peut esperer, a partir d'une politique d'importation de technologie, rentrer dans une industrie electronique dont le fonctionnement s'inscrit dans une logique mondiale. Deux types d'obstacles sont repertories dans l'experience chinoise : ceux, d'une part tenant au fonctionnement specifique du secteur d'etat qui limitent l'autonomie decisionnelle des entreprises d'etat et l'efficacite du transfert. D'autre part, les obstacles tenant a la nature de l'intervention de l'etat, dans son incapacite a gerer de maniere institutionnelle l'apport de technologies etrangeres ainsi que dans les insuffisances de sa politique technologique a l'egard des entreprises<br>Through an analysis of the chinese technology transfer in electronics between 1978 and 1991, the thesis aim at explaining the main barreers faced by the chinese state enterprises to take avantage of the potential of the foreign technology. This analysis is based first on the construction of a theorical framework which tend to explain how a developing country can enter in a global industry like electronics through a policy of import of technology. The thesis analysed two kind of problems encountered by the chinese state enterprises. The first one is linked with the specific nature of the state sector in china, which give little decisional autonomy to the state enterprises and reduce the efficiency of the transfer. The second one deals with the nature of the state intervention, with an inefficient institutional management of transfer of technology and the limits of the technological policy towards the enterprises
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SIDI, N'GOYI ALPHONSE. "Les determinants de la demande d'importation : cas de la republique populaire du congo pour la periode 1966-1985." Toulouse 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU10012.
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Les analyses quantitatives sur les determinants de la demande d'importation se fondent toutes sur le concept de deficit commercial. Cette notion a permis de faire ressortir le fait suivant: il existe deux sortes de facteurs qui sont a la base des importations; les facteurs attractifs et les facteurs repulsifs. Les premiers favorisent els echanges entre pays. Les seconds empechent le developpement de ces flux d'echanges. Ces analyses qui se fondent sur le deficit commercial ne peuvent etre valables pour apprehender la realite des pays du tiers monde. La raison est que l'hypothese qui sous-tend ces analyses a savoir l'existence d'une production locale concurrente aux biens importes ne se verifie pas parce que la production domestique est inexistante pour cette raison, nous avons remis en cause certaines hypotheses et concu d'autres variables explicatives afin de prendre en compte les specificites sociales, economiques et politiques de ce pays. Ces importants flux des importations s'expliquent par les mauvaises performances des quelques unites de production qui existent. Pour que la balance hors petrole s'ameliore, il faut que s'operent des changements au niveau de la mentalite de l'homme congolais, de la politique economique, de la conception et de l'exercice du pouvoir<br>The determinent's quantitatives analysis of the demand of importation base pr found on the notion or concept of defecit trading. This notion as allowed to reveal this fact: there are two factors with explain the demand of importation: the attractive's factors and the repulsive's factors. The first factors favour the trading between countries. The seconds have the contrary effect. This analysis with found on the deficit trading cannot be valid to analyse the reality of the third world's countries. The reason of this explain is the domestic production is practically no-existent. For this reason, we have conceived news hypothesis and variables for to take the economics', socials' and politics' specifities of this countries. One of factors explains the important flux of importations, is the bad performance of the production's unities (of public sector) with are in this county
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Force-Barge, Pierre. "La trypanosomiase humaine au Congo en 1990." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11075.
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Malalou, Roger. "Contribution a l'etude des relations financieres et economiques entre l'etat et les entreprises publiques en republique populaire du congo." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT3004.
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Les entreprises publiques, constituent un element essentiel pour le developpement economique et social de toute nation. Dans le cas du congo, leur importance revet un caractere particulier? eu egard a l'option politique retenue. De ce point de vue elles doivent bien fonctionner afin de mieux produire, pour accroitre la richesse nationale. C'est dans ce cadre que l'etat accorde une attention soutenue, quant a leurs performances. Pour cela, il se sent oblige d'intervenir soit de son propre chef, soit a la demande des entreprises. L'importance des nouvelles missions confiees au secteur public, ramene inevitablement au debat qui ne cesse de marquer son evolution et ses procedures d'organisation. Comment concilier l'autonomie des entreprises publiques avec la prise en charge des objectifs qu'on leur assigne? l'autonomie parce qu'il convient de maintenir une realite d'entreprise en l'absence de laquelle il est difficile d'escompter la recherche de la productivite et de l'efficacite. Les objectifs de la politique economique et sociale, parce qu'il est difficile d'admettre que ces entreprises ne soient pas au premier rang de cette veritable politique de l'offre, que constitue la mise en oeuvre de nouveaux poles de competitivite, l'animation du developpement national, et l'amelioration du processus de financement. Ainsi, naissent des tensions qui peuvent se manifester par l'utilisation par l'etat, des prix des entreprises a des fins conjoncturelles, voire politiques. C'est pour cela que les autorisations de relevement des tarifs reclamees par les entreprises sont decalees ou rabaissees au detriment de leur valeur ajoutee, et au profit du controle de l'inflation par exemple. Les modalites de gestion des entreprises publiques, sont a la base d'un redoutable dilemne, puisqu'il s'agit de concilier deux imperatifs passablement contradictoires a savoir : la necessaire autonomie de gestion et le controle public<br>Public enterprises constitute an essential element for the economic and social development of any nation. In the case of the congo, their importance takes on a particular character, in view of the political option chosen. From this point of view, they have to fonction well in order to produce better, so as to increase the national wealth. It is within this context that the state pays a particular attention to their performance. Thus, il feels constrained to intervene either of its own accord or on the request of the enterprises. The importance of the new tasks entrusted to the public sector, leads inevitably to the debate which unceasingly traces its evolution and its organisational processes. How should one conciliate the autonomy of the public enterprises with the pick up charge of the objectives which are assigned the them. Autonomy, since it should maintain an effective existence in the absence of which it is difficult to expect research on productivity and efficiency the objectives of economie and social policy because it is difficult to admit that these enterprises do not rank first un this veritable supply policy, which constitutes the implementation of new poles of competitiveness? the animation of national development, and the improvement of the financial process. As such, tensions rise and can be made manifest by the states utilisation of the enterprises' prices for economie, indeed political ends. For this reason, authorisations for raises in tarifs which the enterprises demand are shifted back or lowered to the detriment of thier added value, and to the benefit of inflationary control, for exemple. The modes of management of public enterprises are at the base of a "dreadful" dilemma, since it is a matter of conciliating fairly contradictory necessities, namely : the necessary autonomy of management and public centrol
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Zanouvi, Gratien. "Les atteintes a la liberte individuelle au cours de la phase preparatoire du proces penal en republique populaire du benin." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT3003.
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Le droit a la liberte est affirme dans notre loi fondamentale et garanti dans la phase preparatoire du proces penal par un formalisme rigoureux et un certain nombre de principes directeurs, notamment le principe de la presomption de l'innocence selon lequel tant qu'un individu n'est pas reconnu coupable, son innocence doit etre supposee. Toutefois, on admet que certaines atteintes puissent etre portees a la liberte individuelle a raison des exigences de l'ordre public. La breche ainsi ouverte dans l'edifice protecteur des libertes s'est trouvee considerablement elargie dans notre pays par les abus de la pratique. La presente etude a precisement pour objet de faire le point sur la liberte individuelle au regard de la situation de la personne poursuivie et de suggerer, au moins en filigrane, quelques solutions qui rendraient a cette liberte, toute sa valeur. Nous suivrons un plan chronologique. Dans une premiere partie, nous examinerons les atteintes commises par les forces de l'ordre au cours de leurs activites de recherche des delinquants ; puis, progressant dans l'instance, nous aurons a etudier les mesures attentatoires prises par les magistrats pour les besoins de l'instruction preparatoire. Mots cles : arrestation policiere, retention policiere, detention prealable, atteintes aux libertes individuelles, personne poursuivie, garanties legales, officier de police judiciaire, juge d'instruction<br>The right of liberty has been stated by our basic law and it has been secured, in the preparatory period of the penal trial, by a strict formalism and by some guiding principles, especially the principle of the guiltlessness presumption, by which the guiltlessness must be put forward as genuine until the guilt were found. However, it is admitted that some attemps may be dealt upon the personal liberty because of the law and order's requirements. The so made opening in the protecting edifice of liberties has been considerably enlarged in our country by the misuses of the practice. The subject of the present study is precisely to take stock of the personal liberty compared with the position of the prosecuted person, and to suggest, at least in filigree, some solutions that would give back its whole value to this liberty. We shall follow a chronological plan. In a first part, we shall examine the attempts made by the police force while she is looking for offenders ; the, advancing in the process, we shall have to study the actions of attempt upon liberty taken by the magistrates for the sakes of the preliminary investigation. Keywords : police arrest, police retaining, preliminary custody, attempts upon personal liberties, prosecuted person, legal protections, criminal police officer, examining magistrate
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APANI, ERNEST. "Contribution a l'etude phytoecologique de la savane a loudetia demeusei et hymenocardia acida des contreforts des plateaux teke (republique populaire du congo)." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN10092.
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Ce travail presente les resultats d'une etude phytoecologique d'une savane du congo, pays intertropical. Il s'agit essentiellement de l'etude du fonctionnement et de l'evolution de la vegetation et des principales especes. L'etude de la structure et de la dynamique de la vegetation a porte sur les structures horizontale et verticale et la reconstitution de la vegetation herbacee apres incendies. L'etude de la production a concerne les biomasses epigee et hypogee des herbecees. Quelques caracteristiques du groupement arbustif et de la graminee dominante de la savane (loudetia demeusei) ont ete egalement etudiees. Il s'agit de la structure et de la biomasse aerienne des arbustes et d'une etude morphogenetique et phenologique de loudetia demeusei
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MOUTOU, LOUBOUNGOU. "Le perfectionnement des enseignants de la republique populaire du congo en france. Etude de quelques facteurs qui interviennent dans les changements d'orientation observes." Lille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL30008.
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Cette recherche concerne les adultes (enseignants) engages dans la voie du perfectionnement en vue d'une formation nouvelle. Son but est de mettre en evidence ce qui va a l'encontre du perfectionnement et de sa reussite. Divers instruments de recherche ont ete utililes : observation, techniques du questionnaire et de l'entretien. Dans la premiere partie, elle decrit l'evolution historique de la formation des maitres au congo, les raisons justifiant la politique actuelle du perfectionnement des enseignants et les conditions de leur mise en stage. Elle releve notamment que la puissance coloniale a systematiquement organise la penurie d'enseignants autochtones et que le congo n'a pas su ou pas pu remedier a cette situation autrement que par un recrutement massif de personnels auxiliaires tres mal formes. Ainsi, il s'est dote de quelques structures de formation professionnelle continue et fait assurer a l'etranger le perfectionnement de certains cadres par defaut d'institutions appropriees dans le pays meme. La deuxieme partie de la these decrit d'abord la demarche methodologique suivie. Elle presente ensuite les resultats des enquetes menees aupres des stagiaires. Les opinions exprimees par les enquetes montrent que le systeme de perfectionnement des agents de la fonction publique congolaise a l'etranger fonctionne comme un mecanisme deregle. D'ou la reflexion menee dans la derniere seciton de l'etude sur les consequences de ce dereglement et la suggestion de quelques mesures a prendre (comme le relevement du niveau des cadres a former, le suivi pedagogique des cadres a former. . . Etc. . . ), en vue de l'amelioration de ce systeme de formation<br>This research concerns adults (teachers involved in the process of improvment with a view to a new training ; its aim is to emphasize the factors which keep the improvement and its success off. Different research techniques have been used : observation, questionnaire and interview. In the first part of the thesis is described the historic development of the education of the school teachers in congo, the reasons bearing out the present policy to improve their education and the conditions of their training. It is due mainly to the fact that the colonial power has systematically organized the scarcity of autochton teachers and that congo has only known or has only been able to cure the situation by a mass recruitment of assistant staffs very badly trained. The country has set up some structures of professional continuous training and sends some of its executives abroad to improve their education for lack of proper educational establishments in the country itself. In the second part of the thesis is first described the processof the methodology followed up. Then it shows the results after having questioned the trainess. The opinions conveyed through the inquiries, reveal that the system to improve the congolese civil servants abroad, works like a mechanism out of order. From which the thought brought in the las section of the survey about the consequences of the disordered state and the suggestions of certain measures which should be taken (for example to raise up the level of the executives to be trained, to follow up the pedagogy of the executives to be trained. . . Etc. . . ), in order to improve the teaching methods
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Passi, Pierre. "Essai d'analyse des impasses des politiques de sante dans les pays sous-developpes, a partir du cas de la republique populaire du congo." Grenoble 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE21003.
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These d'economie du developpement qui a pour theme l'evaluation des politiques de sante dans les pays sous-developpes. Les questions fondamentales auxquelles nous tentons de repondre sont les suivantes: - dans quelles conditions les politiques de sante sont-elles operationnelles et efficaces ? - a quelle rationalite correspondent-elles ? - ces politiques de sante ne doivent-elles pas tenir compte du developpement propre a chaque pays, dans la mesure ou ceux-ci sont souvent confrontes a des problemes economiques imperieux ? les exemples analyses sont ceux de la lutte contre la schistosomiase et de l'operation coup de poing sante au congo.
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XIE, ZHAO HUA. "Vers un droit penal des societes en republique populaire de chine? du renouveau des societes en chine a l'etude d'un exemple du droit penal des societes. Le droit francais." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA111001.
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L'existence d'un droit des societes est une condition prealable a l'etude du droit penal des societes. Avant la reforme de sa structure economique, la chine n'avait pas de societes au sens du droit commercial. L'introduction d'une forme de societe a responsabilite limitee est un pas decisif vers un droit des societes. La reforme de la structure economique intensifiee par la politique d'ouverture accrue aboutit a la naissance de deux nouveaux types de societes, a savoir la societe par actions et le groupement d'interet economique. Le developpement du regime de societes en chine est le fruit de la reforme economique approfondie qui transforme l'ancien systeme en un regime de structure productif, competitif. Conscient de l'importance du droit penal, les legislateurs chinois l'ont introduit pour faire respecter les droits des societes. Mais actuellement, il n'y a que certains principes de la repression qui ne suffisent pas a assurer l'application, car il manque des reglements detailles et de la jurisprudence explicative. A ce sujet, le droit penal des societes francais pourrait fournir certaines pistes a la chine dans sa legislation et sa recherche des mecanismes de la repression en droit des societes<br>The existence of law of company is the first condition to study the criminal law of company. Before the reforme of structure of economy, the china did not have company in accordance wich the commercial law. It's the important step to introduce the forme of compagne limited in shares towards the law of company. Two others types of company have been producted during the reforme of structure of economy. Limited company and partnership between companies. It's the result of deepen reforme of economy in china. The chinese legislation know well the necessary of introducing criminal law into the law of company. Now, these are only certain principles of repression that are not efficient. Because there are no regulation and case to application. The french law can provide certain methods, for legislation and research in chine to find the mechanism of repression for the law of company, it's worth to study it
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Brillaxis, Pierre. "Une expérience médicale dans un centre communal de soins privé du département de l'Atacora (Nord Bénin)." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M098.
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Mazaudier, Eric. "Les soins de santé primaires : réflexions sur les difficultés rencontrées dans leur développement à partir d'une expérience en République du Congo." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23008.
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Faure, Sophie. "Culture, pouvoir et autorite en republique populaire de chine une problematique du management interculturel : le cas des entreprises a capitaux mixtes sino-etrangeres depuis la politique d'ouverture de 1978 (3eme plenum du xieme congres du pcc)." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE2019.
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L'entreprise n'est plus aujourd'hui consideree comme une entite rationnelle (a l'interne) et mecanique (a l'externe) mais comme un espace politique dans lequel coalitions sociales, rapports de force ou influences diverses dictent les strategies des acteurs tandis que les divergences se resolvent en des conflits que des jeux de pouvoir prolongent. Dans une jointventure, cette dimension est accentuee : de cette association de partenaires complementaires et de ressources humaines d'horizons varies, il ressort, non une communaute de vues, mais une divergence d'interets, la difficile rencontre de cultures, les inevitables resistances au changement ou contestations reciproques de la legitimite. A cela s'ajoute la dimension chinoise du co-investissement. Les interets du partenaire chinois, conditionnes par des enjeux qui le depassent et soumis a des contraintes imperatives perdent de leur objectivite. La jv, entreprise chinoise dans un environnement chinois subit les memes contraintes que toute danwei. Quant a l'eloignement culturel, il donne a la dimension interpersonnelle des conflits d'autant plus de resonance que la chine privilegie encore la qualite de la relation. Approfondissant les particularismes chinois des situations, cette these propose un voyage au coeur des jeux politiques qui agitent les jv sino-etrangeres ou comment cultures et pouvoirs se mesallient pour en affecter le cycle de vie,. . . Mais un voyage qui contre toute attente se termine bien. Il debouche en effet sur un renversement heureux de la problematique par la decouverte de nouvelles voies alliant rigueur methodologique occidentale, flexibilite socialiste, humanite confucianiste et intelligence strategique sunzienne. Explorant ce fond intemporel de sinite, ces memes voies nous permettront de redecouvrir le role primordial de l'homme, du management et du sens de l'humain dans la reussite de cet instrument privilegie de l'ouverture chinoise, la jv sino-etrangere.
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Muller, Claude. "Le diocese de strasbourg au 19e siecle (1802-1914)." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR20019.
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Au 19e siecle, la vitalite religieuse du diocese de strasbourg est manifeste. Ce vaste diocese mixte, situe a la peripherie de l'espace francais, est profondement imbrique dans l'espace rhenan, ou l'influence germanique est preponderante. Les premieres nominations episcopales traduisent la volonte de franciser l'alsace, mais elles ne peuvent etouffer les premices d'un renouveau annonciateur de promesses telles l'augmentation du nombre de pretres et l'implantation des congregations religieuses. La nomination de mgr raess comme eveque en 1842 constitue une rupture, car alsacien et ultramontain, il supprime en quelque sorte les entraves au developpement du catholicisme alsacien. Apres l'annexion de l'alsace a l'allemagne en 1871, le diocese se trouve confronte au kulturkampf et a la germanisation. Administrateur du diocese en 1883, mgr stumpf doit faire face a une situation critique. Mgr fritzen est choisi en 1891 parce qu'allemand, mais le nouvel eveque est avant tout soucieux de la piete dans son diocese et non des interets politiques de son pays. En depit de ces vicissitudes, le diocese n'est pas atteint par la dechristianisation au debut du 20e siecle<br>In the 19th century, the religious vitality of the strasbourg diocese is obvious. This huge composite diocese, situated on the bounding line of the french space, is imbricate deeply in the rhineland where germanic influences are preponderant. The first appointments of bishops show a will to francize alsace, but they cannot come over the first fruits of a renewal, messenger of promises, such as the increase in number of priests and the introduction of congregations. The appointment of lord bishop raess in 1842, constitutes a breaking, because as an alsatian and ultramondane, he somehow does away with obstacles to the development of the alsatian catholicism. After the annexation of alsace to germany in 1871, the diocese is brought face to face with the "kulturkampf" and with germanization. As the administrator of the diocese in 1883, lord bishop stumpf has to cope with a critical situation. Lord bishop fritzen is chosen in 1891, because he is a german, but the new bishop's main care in his diocese is devotion and not political interests of his country. In spite of those mutations, the diocese is not assailed by dechristianization at the beginning of the 20th century
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Kobzová, Alexandra. "Charakteristiky deprivace stárnoucí populace v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359255.
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This thesis aims to characteristics of deprivation by population aged over fifty years in Czech Republic. It contains basic descriptions of two surveys that dealing with deprivation and so SHARE and EU-SILC. Then follow the characteristics of indicators of material deprivation in SHARE and in EU-SILC and the characteristic of social deprivation indicator from SHARE. The aim of the thesis is to explore indicators of material and social deprivation in Czech Republic and find the position of Czech Republic in international comparison. In the thesis were analysed percentages of deprived people in every single variable of material or social deprivation, development of material deprivation and factors that affect both indicators. Part of the thesis is also comparison of indicator of material deprivation by EU-SILC and by SHARE. At the end is quantified the summarizing indicator that according to SHARE indicates the risk of social exclusion and it is also analysed.
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Kubatová, Martina. "Státní politika zaměstnanosti v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199072.
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In the thesis we deal with the analysis of the development of the implementation active employment policy for the last 21 years. We are trying to make a short summary of this development in individual years and the subsequent evaluation of active employment policy. We also verify the effectiveness of this policy and its instruments during the period of economic growth and recession by statistical indicators of the number of jobs created, the number of candidates included into the working process, expenditures on this policy and employment rate. We are aware of some the potential distortion, because we use only for statistical data and do not take into account the social and psychological phenomena that affect effect of the active policy. Thesis also analyse fluctuation of the development of annual and quarterly employment rate in the Czech Republic. To correctly understand the current employment development is first necessary to look into its history and to highlight its past and present problems, because without this knowledge it is not possible for the Czech government to effectively respond for ganges in this indicator using the tools of the active employment policy. Development of quarterly employment rate is interesting with its seasonal periodicity, which brings regularly recurring fluctuations in a period of less than one year. We perform the analysis of quarterly time series of the employment rate using Box-Jenkins methodology and try to predict what the employment situation in the next five quarters. Then we recalculate forecast into years and try to estimate the final value of the employment rate for the year 2013 and the value for the year 2014.
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Šťastná, Andrea. "Analýza životaschopnosti ohrožených druhů zvířat v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359250.
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Diploma thesis analyzes the viability of the selected species populations in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part contains a stochastic model simulating possible scenarios of the Eurasian lynx population size in the Czech Republic. For this model program Vortex was used. The second part is focused on Time series analysis of the Grey Partridge and the Common Kingfisher population, where data was obtained from the Czech Society for Ornithology. This analysis aims on identification of factors that may affect the viability of the two bird species.
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Virtová, Olga. "Analýza trhu práce starší pracovní síly v České republice v letech 2005-2015." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264476.
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Czech Republic, like other European developed countries, has to deal with impacts of population ageing. The number of older people in society grows therefore the drain on workers in productive age is rising. Population ageing causes problems within current setting of the Czech pension system, especially in long-term sustainability of public finance. Hence added involvement of elderly people into working process becomes necessary. The goal of this Masters thesis is to analyse the situation of older workers on Czech labour market between 2005 and 2015 and to find some possible solutions that would increase the employment rate of people before and in retirement age. There are four chapters in the theoretical part that are dealing with population ageing, labour market, specificities of employing older workers and tools used to increase the employment rate. The practical part is focused on demographic situation in the Czech Republic and especially on analysis of the situation of older workers on the Czech labour market in comparison to countries of the European Union. Analysis that was carried out confirms that the overall employment rate of older workers in the Czech Republic is on a good level however there are some areas that need to be improved. For example, option of using part time working contracts is underused as well as the motivation of elderly people to stay economically active. In the last chapter there are possible solutions suggested. These recommendations could strengthen motivation of older workers to stay on labour market and in the same time should motivate employers to employ these workers.
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Nemec, David. "Demografické chování vietnamské populace v České republice." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405035.
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Demographic behaviour of the Vietnamese people in the Czech Republic Abstract The Vietnamese have been living on the Czech territory for many years, even for several generations. Besides the Ukrainians and the Slovaks, the Vietnamese are the third largest group of foreigners in the Czech Republic. Even though the Vietnamese are nowadays an integral and common part of the Czech population, they have not yet received much demographic attention based on national data sources. This diploma thesis is focused on demographic issues of this minority. The thesis also deals with demographic differences between the Czech and Vietnamese population living in the Czech Republic. In addition, the thesis offers selected demographic features through which demographic disparities between the two parts of the population are analysed. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the legislative issues of terms such as: citizenship, nationality and mother tongue, as it is very important to understand and distinguish these terms, especially for the analytical part of the thesis. Each term is defined and described in the introduction, so the differences between terms are explained. However, more attention is paid to the term citizenship, as the analytical part of the thesis is based primarily on this term. In the theoretical...
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Brychtová, Anna. "Vývoj charakteristik demografické statiky v České republice." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-86986.
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Telenský, Tomáš. "Vliv klimatické změny na ptačí populace v České Republice." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-389036.
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Charles University, Faculty of Science Institute for Environmental Studies Doctoral study programme: Environmental Sciences Summary of the Doctoral thesis Impact of Climate Change on Czech Bird Populations Vliv klimatické změny na ptačí populace v České Republice Mgr. Tomáš Telenský Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Jiří Reif, Ph.D. Prague, 2018 Abstract Climate change is one of the most important drivers of biodiversity. If it proceeds at current pace, it will lead to homogenization and pose a serious threat to biodiversity. Birds, as one of the most researched taxonomic groups, are successfully used as indicators of biodiversity of the whole ecosystems, and thus offer an excellent opportunity to study the overall impact of climate change. We use data from repeated annual monitoring programmes in Czech Republic, Breeding Bird Monitoring Programe, based on point counts, and Constant Effort Sites mist- netting ringing programme, capture-mark-recapture schema. We found that: 1. Population growth of 6 out of 37 resident species responded negatively to seasons with lower winter temperatures. The response was stronger in species feeding on animals. 2. Long-distance (LD) migrants' breeding productivity responds negatively to higher spring temperatures and advanced spring as indicated by earlier leaf unfolding of three tree...
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Ticháčková, Markéta. "Ekologie a vývoj populace jeřába popelavého (Grus grus) v České republice." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-322112.
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TICHÁČKOVÁ M. 2013: Ecology and population development of the Eurasian crane (Grus grus) in Czech Republic MSc thesis. Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague. Eurasian crane (Grus grus) had been exterminated in Czech Republic in past, he started to return back in 70's of the 20th century. There were 1697 observations published between 1965 and 2012, since then is the number still increasing. The annual observations have been done regularly since 1975. The area of occurrence in Czech Republic gradually grows, cranes was recorded in 289 squares. In areas where the cranes were observed on ground, dominates presence of fields and water with smaller presence of forests and pastures. They were mostly observed during the spring months - March and April, and during the autumn months - October and November. Even larger flocks of cranes can be seen in this time. Since 1989 (the first nest) is the number of breeding pairs of cranes in Czech Republic increasing. They spread more to the areas to the southeast direction. The nesting was registered in 37 localities in 26 mapping squares in total, with higher proportion of pastures and meadows. Most of nests are located in reed and tall sedge beds around ponds, other types of environment are used first after 2005. Keywords: Eurasian crane (Grus grus),...
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Mielniczková, Aneta. "Vliv stárnutí populace na důchodový systém v České republice a Polsku." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-328630.
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Nowadays, what has become a subject of frequent discussions is the demographic trend of rapidly aging population, which significantly influences current pension system. Goal of this dissertation, besides description of relevant legislative development in Czech Republic and Poland, is to introduce theoretically possible parameters of regulation before and after pension reform (2013) assuming that rules for retirement at a particular age are valid. This dissertation works with following parameters: retirement age, replacement ratio and pension insurance tariff. Based on these parameters, three different projections have been created and described theoretically possible regulations of specific parameters of pension system while using following indicators: rate of economic dependency, ratio expenses on pension system : GDP and pension insurance tariff. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Idinova, Aidai. "Účinnost ochrany lidských práv: Případová studie romské populace v České republice." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352761.
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Aidai Idinova Abstract The thesis will look at the how effective human rights protection can be, and especially regarding the Roma population in the Czech Republic. As there is a huge number of human rights, this thesis will focus on the right to education. Moreover, the case study of this thesis is the Roma population in the Czech Republic, therefore the rights and livelihoods of the Roma population will be analysed, examined and evaluated in this country. The thesis will also look at four hypotheses and try to find out if there really exists discrimination in the country, and to what extent; whether religion has an effect towards perceptions towards Roma; whether longer education changes one's attitudes towards Roma; and whether a communist past correlates with greater discrimination. But most importantly, this thesis will look at the right to education and the access to education for Roma students. Education is such an important human right as it has long-term effects in Roma's employment, health care and housing opportunities. Therefore, the Czech educational system will be analysed in regards to the socially disadvantaged group of the Roma population.
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Vašák, Jan. "Analýza chovu levharta skvrnitého (Panthera pardus ssp.) v České republice a na Slovensku." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-86311.
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MIKOLÁŠKOVÁ, Eva. "Změny v migraci a fenologii hnízdní populace čápa bílého \kur{Ciconia ciconia} v České republice." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-43821.
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Makovská, Krčová Sylvie. "Zhodnocení vlivu importu zahraničních plemen koní na sportovní výkonnost populace teplokrevných koní v České republice." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-249353.
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The objective of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of foreign sports breeds of horses in the breeding of warm-blooded horses upgraded for jumping performance in the Czech Republic. The source for creating a database were data from show jumping competitions obtained from the Přehledu sportovních koní ČR (Survey of sports horses of the Czech Republic) 2000 -- 2009. The sports performance of the horses is expressed as PPB (average auxiliary points). The data were processed statistically using the GLM linear model in the UNISTAT 5.1 statistical programme. If the effect was statistically significant we used Scheffe's method of comparison to compare the multiple differences in the values. On the basis of statistical evaluations of groups of breeds representing the individuals born in the Czech Republic we discovered that the pedigree group AUTWB4 achieved the highest PPB value (4.52), i.e. 50% blood of the Austrian warm-blooded horse. The most numerous pedigree group in the entire population of the monitored sports horses based on the number of PPB points (14.36%) was the group where no dominant breed prevailed in the pedigree. The most frequently used foreign breed in breeding horses for show jumping performance is the Holstein warm-blooded horse. In evaluations of the performance of horses based on the country of their birth the highest PPB values (4.25) were achieved by individuals born abroad. In terms of the effect of the year of their start the highest PPB value (3.37) was achieved by horses starting in 2009 when also most of the PPB values (10.72%) were recorded. Evaluations of the differences between the sexes showed that stallions achieved the highest PPB values (3.84) and that the most numerous group were mares (47.20%). In terms of the differences in the ages of the horses the highest PPB value (3.43) was achieved in the group of 9-year-old horses and the most numerous group in show jumping competitions based on the number of PPB's (14.91 %) were 6-year-old horses.
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Starcová, Magda. "Genetická variabilita sysla obecného (Spermophilus citellus) v České Republice." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-297239.
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The European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) (hereinafter EGS) is under the Law on Nature Protection and is included as a critically endangered into the Red List of Endangered Species. In the Czech Republic, which represents the northwestern border of the species range, EGS currently occurs on 34 localities, which are relatively small and isolated from each other. The spread of this species to central Europe was connected with neolithic deforestation. Disjunctive type of distribution of EGS was caused by strong decline of its abundance during the second half of the 20th century due to changes in field management, fragmentation of landscape and other factors. It can be expected that this process left traces on the genetic structure of EGS populations. The major objective of this study was a detailed analysis of genetic variability of EGS populations in the Czech Republic and searching for corelations with available data about its biology and demography. It was used 13 microsatellite loci and in total were processed 408 samples from 27 localities in CZ and 3 samples from one Hungarian locality as an outgroup. With aid of various methods, details of substructure and diferentiation of individual populations, genetic variability, degree of inbreeding and geographic distribution of genetic variability...
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Machovcová, Alena. "Prevalence kontaktní přecitlivělosti u dětí v České republice." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305908.
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Background The frequency of allergic contact dermatitis in children is not as negligible as had been originally thought. During the last decades, many reports have been published abroad concerning allergic contact dermatitis in children. However, the data about the Czech Republic were lacking. Aim of study The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of contact sensitization to the allergens of European baseline series in unselected child population. Material and Methods A group of 236 unselected schoolchildren aged between 6 and 16 years were patch tested with European baseline series in the years 2005 - 2006. Patch tests were evaluated in 218 (114 boys, 104 girls) according to the criteria of International Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Results One or more positive reactions had 67 children (30.7%). The top allergens in children were nickel sulfate, neomycin sulfate, potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride, Myroxylon pereirae resin (balsam of Peru) and fragrance mix I. Conclusion Results of patch tests in unselected set of Czech children are not very satisfactory. They indicate that the incidence of contact hypersensitivity in children is relatively frequent. It appears that the patch tests in the Czech Republic are not carried out on all children in whom they should be performed....
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Steklíková, Eliška. "Koncepce age managementu v organizacích v České republice." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305652.
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This diploma thesis summarises current approaches to age management, or human resources management taking in account the age and skills of employees in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of this paper deals with the background of this concept, describes the present demographical development, its consequences in the labour field, and the problem of aging population which is visible in the need to adapt applied management strategies in organisations to this trend. There are mentioned several programmes, thoughts, and legislative measures on which the newest concepts and strategic plans in Europe and the Czech Republic are based. The empirical part of the thesis focuses on a specific level of organisations, and consists of two surveys. The first one is a comparative case study for which data were collected in two organisations which have recently implemented measures stemming from age management strategies. These measures are then specified and confronted with the statements of the employees who, in semi-structured interviews with the author, talked about the changes that were put into practice under the concept of age management, and about the discrimination of persons over 50 years of age on the labour market. The second survey was carried out by a questionnaire distributed online to...
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MÁSÍLKO, Jan. "Ekologie perlorodky říční (Margaritifera margaritifera L.) a vyhodnocení její úmrtnosti na lokalitách v České republice." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-80242.
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The aim of this thesis was to monitor mortality or more precisely population changes of freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera L.), which settle in oligothropic stream. Brown trout (Salmo trutta morpha fario L.) is the only one fish host of larval stage of freshwater pearl mussel. The counting of the population was pursued at 2 localities: on the Blanice river and on the stream of Lužní potok in the Czech Republic. For general counting of population a net instrument and an optical instrument were used, that enabling to see them. Population of freshwater pear mussel is in decline in all Europe due to many factors like eutrophication, water pollution, etc. Results of work indicated a decline in population of freshwater pearl mussel at the first area about 15,38 % and at the second area about 15,22 % of the stream Lužní potok. There was not recorded a decline on the Blanice river, on the contrary, the number of population was higher. Among others, the habitation of juveniles was recorded at the first area.
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Kamínková, Jana. "Další vzdělávání v rámci celoživotního učení v České republice. Analýza systému dalšího vzdělávání a účasti české populace na jeho jednotlivých druzích." Master's thesis, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-269784.
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Rostoucí význam informací a inovací v dnešním světě spustil proces vzájemně provázaných změn s dopady do individuálních životů i orgamzace celé společnosti. Vyžaduje nové schopnosti, mění pracovní životní podmínky, dynamizuje konkurenční boj, ovlivňuje nerovnost mezi skupinami obyvatelstva. Rychlý rozvoj odborných poznatků a šíření informačních a komunikačních technologií zcela přebudovaly trh práce. Zanikají nekvalifikovaná pracovní místa a vyvíjejí se nová s vysokými kvalifikačními nároky. Zvyšuje se tlak na flexibilitu. Mění se způsob organizace práce a roste nestabilita pracovního prostředí. Pracovní síla Je soustavně konfrontována s novými úkoly a problémy a Je mnohem častěji nucena rozvíjet nové kvalifikace a dovednosti. Nemění se však Jen výkon práce, inovacemi procházejí celé orgamzace. Řízení procesů i struktury podniků se přizpůsobují jednak nejnovějším poznatkům managementu, jednak proměnám trhů a vnějšího prostředí. Klíčovou roli pro přežití a rozvoJ hrají inovace, tedy aplikované nové znalosti jako klíčový zdroj pokroku. V globalizovaném ekonomickém prostoru soutěží nejen podniky, ale i celé země a jejich konkurenceschopnost už nezávisí jen na materiálních zdrojích, ale převážně na znalostech, jejich vytváření, akumulaci a použití. Těmi, kdo vytvářejí nové znalosti i s nimi dále nakládají, jsou...
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Matějů, Martin. "Klinicko-genetické aspekty familiárního výskytu karcinomu prsuFrekvence rekurentních mutací v genech BRCA1 a BRCA2 v České republice." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332552.
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Summary: Background: An increased risk for development of hereditary breast cancer is associated with germline mutations in BRCA1/2 and the influence of NBN mutations is also supposed. The aim of this study is to specify the frequency of recurrent mutations in BRCA1/2 in unselected breast cancer patients and the frequency of most common pathogenic mutations in NBN in Czech republic, to assess current criteria for genetic testing and to consider the addition of NBN to the tested genes. Methods: Screening for recurrent mutations 5382insC and 300T>G in BRCA1 was performed by RFLP, screening for mutations in exon 11 of BRCA1 was performed by PTT, screening for mutations in a selected region of exon 11 of BRCA2 by DHPLC, and screening for mutations in exon 6 of NBN by HRMA. All the mutations were confirmed by direct sequencing. Results: In 679 unselected breast cancer patients 7 carriers of 5382insC, 3 of 300T>G, and 4 of other mutations in BRCA1 were identified. 2 locally prevalent mutations were found in BRCA2. In 730 controls only one 5382insC BRCA1 mutation was identified. Out of 5 NBN mutations found in 600 high-risk patients two were 657del5 and one R215W. A total of 8 NBN mutation carriers were identified among 703 breast cancer patients, 2 of them 657del5 carriers and three R215W carriers. In 915...