Academic literature on the topic 'Required return'

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Journal articles on the topic "Required return"

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YIM, Sang-Giun. "Financial Flexibility on Required Returns: Vector Autoregression Return Decomposition Approach." Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business 11, no. 5 (2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jidb.2020.vol11.no5.7.

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Gârleanu, Nicolae, and Lasse Heje Pedersen. "Adverse Selection and the Required Return." Review of Financial Studies 17, no. 3 (2003): 643–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhg032.

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Azar, Samih Antoine. "The minimum required rate of return." Applied Financial Economics Letters 4, no. 2 (2008): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17446540701564362.

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Farid, Foad, L. T. Boyer, and Roozbeh Kangari. "Required Return on Investments in Construction." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 115, no. 1 (1989): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(1989)115:1(109).

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Abate, James A., James L. Grant, and Chris Rowberry. "Understanding the Required Return Under New Uncertainty." Journal of Portfolio Management 33, no. 1 (2006): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2006.661381.

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Penman, Stephen H., and Julie Lei Zhu. "Accounting Anomalies, Risk, and Return." Accounting Review 89, no. 5 (2014): 1835–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50799.

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ABSTRACT This paper investigates whether so-called anomalous returns predicted by accounting numbers reflect normal returns for risk or abnormal returns. It does so via a model showing how accounting numbers inform about normal returns if pricing were rational. The model equates expected returns to expectations of earnings and earnings growth, so that any variable that forecasts earnings and earnings growth also indicates the required return if the market prices those outcomes as risky. The empirical results confirm that many accounting anomaly variables (such as accruals, asset growth, and in
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Michalczyk, Łukasz, Jakub Paszulewicz, Jacek Bielas, and Piotr Wolski. "Is saccade preparation required for inhibition of return (IOR)?" Neuroscience Letters 665 (February 2018): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2017.11.035.

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Goldenberg, David H. "MARKET POWER AND THE REQUIRED RETURN TO ELECTRIC UTILITIES." Financial Review 22, no. 1 (1987): 175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6288.1987.tb00325.x.

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Dai, Na, and Louis R. Piccotti. "Required return on equity when capital structure is dynamic." Financial Management 49, no. 1 (2019): 265–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fima.12266.

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Paulo, S., and J. K. Bosch. "Risk, the required rate of return, and aspects of South African management practice." South African Journal of Business Management 23, no. 2 (1992): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v23i2.885.

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The pivotal role of the required rate of return to all financial decisions is well documented in the financial literature. However, many misconceptions exist with regard to the specification of the components of the required rate of return. In order to learn more about the possible components of the required rate of return, particularly the different risk premia, empirical information on the determination and use of the required rate of return by South African financial managers was obtained. From the findings of the empirical survey it was evident that the required rate of return is adjusted
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Required return"

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Kotze, Gerrit. "Commercial property : a required rate of return investigation / Gerrit Kotze." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1202.

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When faced with an investment opportunity in commercial real estate, the investor requires knowledge of the discount rate since it can be used to convert expected future cash flows from the property in today's terms and in doing so, place a value on the property. The so-called required rate of return would be the appropriate conversion rate since it compensates the investor for risk and, if attainable, will induce the investor to invest. An inaccurate assessment of the discount rate could, depending on the direction of the error, lead to a potential over or under estimation of the property val
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Williams, Thomas Harwood. "Certified science and math teachers who are not teaching: reforms in the conditions of teaching required to encourage them to return to or enter teaching." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54457.

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One hundred and twenty-two students at Virginia Tech who had completed teacher certification requirements in science and/or mathematics from 1980 to 1986 were surveyed to determine their current employment status, and if not currently teaching, then what reforms in the conditions of teaching might encourage them to return to or enter teaching. Opinions were solicited from three groups: current teachers, those who had left teaching, and those who had never taught. Data were reported in four categories: general demographics of all groups, importance of work satisfaction for all groups, modifica
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Andersson, Dag, and Marcus Nilsson. "BRACE-modellen : Ett företagsspecifikt avkastningskrav för mindre onoteradebolag." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-102444.

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Bakgrund: Om tio till tolv år väntas 40 % av Sveriges 500 000 familje- och ägarledda bolag att säljas enligt en uppskattning gjord av PwC år 2012. Många små och medelstora onoterade bolag kommer därför inom den närmaste tiden att behöva värderas inför försäljning. De modeller som används vid företagsvärderingar är i dagsläget inte  anpassade för mindre onoterade bolag och dess företagsspecifika risker varför författarna valde att utföra studien. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att ta fram en praktiskt användbar modell för att skatta ett mindre onoterat bolags avkastningskrav. Modellen ska ta häns
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Ljungström, Divesh. "B-Values : Risk Calculation for Axfood and Volvo Bottom up beta approach vs. CAPM beta." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-141.

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<p>The aim of this thesis is to study the risk for two Swedish companies, Axfood and Volvo. To test the required return on equity, a bottom-up beta approach and a CAPM regression beta are used. This thesis concludes that the bottom-up beta gives a truer reflection and a more updated beta value than a CAPM regression beta on the firm’s current business mix, the CAPM beta takes only the past stock prices into consideration. The empirical results for Volvo conclude that the levered bottom-up beta is 1.09 and the CAPM β is 0.52 for Volvo. The empirical results for Axfood which is categorized as co
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Bektasevic, Ajla, and Tanja Vallin. "CSR-prestation och kostnad för eget kapital : en kvantitativ studie på 548 europeiska företag." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23757.

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Syfte: Hur CSR-prestation påverkar ett företags finansiella prestation har länge varit ett omtalat ämnesområde, vilket har bidragit till motstridiga resultat. Denna studie har tillämpat kostnad för eget kapital för att mäta finansiell prestation. Genom att betrakta CSR som en transparenseffekt, vilket ökar bolagens transparens, vill studien undersöka om CSR-aktiviteter kan sänka företagets uppfattade risk för att minska kostnad för eget kapital. Metod: Studien har tillämpat en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi och en deduktiv forskningsansats med uppställning av hypoteser. Vi h
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Liao, Chung-hsieh, and 廖仲協. "A Research of Required Financial Forcast、Earning Manipulation and Factors Affecting Its Stock Return." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59911840464561547575.

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Gilady, Susanna. "Oxygen is required to retain Ero1 on the MAM." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/696.

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Oxidative protein folding within the ER depends on the enzymatic action of numerous chaperones and oxidoreductases. In addition, this process requires the influx of metabolites and energy, including FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) and molecular oxygen. Secretory proteins and proteins destined to the secretory pathway need to undergo this process in order to obtain stability and full functionality. Since secretory proteins that fail to fully fold are eliminated by degradation, the process of ER oxidative protein folding is part of a group of ER-associated mechanisms commonly referred to as ER
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Gilady, Susanna Yael. "Oxygen is required to retain Ero1[alpha] on the MAM." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/696.

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Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2009.<br>A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Department of Cell Biology. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on October 24, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Required return"

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Stannard, R. The required rate of return on investment, recent evidence from the private and public sectors. HM Treasury, 1985.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations. The Goldman Act to return abducted American children: Assessing the compliance report and required action: hearing before the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, and Global Human Rights, and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, first session, June 11, 2015. U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.

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Conklin, William T. Why no one is required to file tax returns: Reforming tax laws using our fifth amendment rights. Davidson Press, 2000.

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GOVERNMENT, US. An Act to Amend Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to Eliminate Notification and Return Requirements for State and Local Party Committees and Candidate Committees and Avoid Duplicate Reporting by Certain State and Local Political Committees of Information Required to Be Reported and Made Publicly Available under State Law, and for Other Purposes. U.S. G.P.O., 2002.

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Study of present-law taxpayer confidentiality and disclosure provisions as required by section 3802 of the Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998. U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Wijers, Jean Paul, ed. Managing Authentic Relationships. Amsterdam University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462988613.

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In an increasingly connected world, Strategic Relationship Management is a vital capability for successful organizations. The book Managing Authentic Relationships; Facing New Challenges in a Changing Context focuses on building and managing a strong network and reciprocal relationships for the entire organization by implementing a professional relationship management approach at strategic, tactical and operational level. Professional relationship management makes valuable and measurable contributions to the strategic goals of an organization by: Expanding the organization's strategy to a Rela
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Great Britain. Colonial Office. Upper Canada clergy: Returns to addresses to His Majesty, dated 31 July 1832, and 6 February 1833 : (Address, 31 July 1832), No. 1, Statement, in detail, of the monies appropriated last year by the vote of this house to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel ... No. 2, Statement, in detail, showing what payments were made to Bishops, rectors, missionaries, or other religious teachers in Upper Canada ... (Address, 6 February 1833), similar statements required for the year 1832. HMSO, 2001.

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Committee, New Jersey Legislature Senate Economic Growth. Public hearing before Senate Economic Growth Committee: Testimony concerning the Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor's proposal to require stevedoring companies to retain independent private sector inspectors general, pursuant to a responsibility agreement or stipulation with the Commission, in order for stevedoring companies to continue to operate in the Port of New York and New Jersey; its legislative authority, its need, and its impact on the competitiveness of the port : [September 23, 2010, Trenton, New Jersey]. New Jersey Office of Legislative Services, Public Information Office, Hearing Unit, 2010.

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Smith, Richard. Required Rates of Return and Financial Contracting for Entrepreneurial Ventures. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195391596.013.0016.

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Alden, Maureen. Para-Narratives of Return. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199291069.003.0002.

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The returns of the other heroes preface the adventures of Odysseus’ apologos, which reflect on his desire to escape from the Phaeacian court. To achieve nostos requires restraint of the heart. Odysseus must escape the potential detainer, Nausicaa, and her island paradise, as he escaped the detainer, Calypso, and her (remarkably similar) island paradise. Of the heroines he saw in Hades, Tyro’s fate rebukes Alcinous’ lax supervision of Nausicaa, and Chloris evokes the story of her much-wooed daughter, Pero (won by an unnamed seer who escaped rustic cowherds): Pero is analogous to Penelope. Odyss
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Book chapters on the topic "Required return"

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Weik, Martin H. "required carrier return." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_16151.

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Weik, Martin H. "required carrier-return character." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_16152.

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Fraser, W. D. "Estimating the Required Return." In Cash-Flow Appraisal for Property Investment. Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-11652-9_7.

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Estrada, Javier. "Required Returns and the CAPM." In The Essential Financial Toolkit. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230295193_5.

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Presland, Rob, Alistair Boyce, and Engliang Chin. "Thorndon Container Wharf: Temporary Works for Recovery of Container Operations (New Zealand)." In Case Studies on Conservation and Seismic Strengthening/Retrofitting of Existing Structures. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/cs002.127.

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&lt;p&gt;The Thorndon Container Wharf sustained severe damage in the November 2016 M7.8 Kaikoura earthquake. Substantialworks, of a temporary nature, were required to restore thewharf for container handling operations. The temporary securing works included gravel columns within the reclamation fill and restraining and underpinning of the wharf. All of these works were designed and constructed over a 9-month period to provide a temporary facility for container handling operations for a period of up to 3 years. The temporary securingworks were required to secure the container cranes, maintain support to the wharf structure, and ensure the reclamation behind the wharf had sufficient strength to support lateral loads imposed by the restraining system. This was to enable container operations to recommence and to maintain business continuity, pending action on replacement or reinstatement of the container wharf. This paper outlines the development of the design of the temporary works to secure and return to operations a 125- m working length of wharf and reclamation.&lt;/p&gt;
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Verbeek, Freek, Joshua A. Bockenek, and Binoy Ravindran. "Highly Automated Formal Proofs over Memory Usage of Assembly Code." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45237-7_6.

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Abstract We present a methodology for generating a characterization of the memory used by an assembly program, as well as a formal proof that the assembly is bounded to the generated memory regions. A formal proof of memory usage is required for compositional reasoning over assembly programs. Moreover, it can be used to prove low-level security properties, such as integrity of the return address of a function. Our verification method is based on interactive theorem proving, but provides automation by generating pre- and postconditions, invariants, control-flow, and assumptions on memory layout. As a case study, three binaries of the Xen hypervisor are disassembled. These binaries are the result of a complex build-chain compiling production code, and contain various complex and nested loops, large and compound data structures, and functions with over 100 basic blocks. The methodology has been successfully applied to 251 functions, covering 12,252 assembly instructions.
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Garrett, Steven L. "Elasticity of Solids." In Understanding Acoustics. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44787-8_4.

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Abstract If a solid is initially at rest and equal and opposing forces are applied to that object, Newton’s Second Law guarantees that the object will remain at rest because the net force on the sample is zero. If that object is an elastic solid, then those forces will cause the solid to deform by an amount that is directly proportional to those applied forces. When the forces are removed, the sample will return to its original shape and size. That reversibility is the characteristic that is required if we say the behavior of the solid is “elastic.” This chapter will quantify the elastic behavior of solids by introducing the concepts of stress and strain and expressing their linear relationship through the definition of elastic moduli that depend only upon the material and the nature of the deformation and not upon the shape of the object. Those concepts allow us to generalize Hooke’s law. As before, the combination of a linear equation of state with Newton’s Second Law will now describe wave motion in solids. The introduction of a relaxation time, through the Maxwell model, will let these results be generalized to viscoelastic materials and then be applied to rubber vibration isolators.
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Mieriņa, Inta. "An Integrated Approach to Surveying Emigrants Worldwide." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12092-4_2.

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Abstract This chapter describes the research design applied in the research project The Emigrant Communities of Latvia: National Identity, Transnational Relations and Diaspora Politics, which forms the empirical core of this volume. It discusses this methodology in the context of other migration studies and major surveys on migration. Compared to previous studies The Emigrant Communities of Latvia is the most inclusive in terms of the target audience. All Latvians and Latvian nationals abroad were invited to participate in the survey, applying a broad and open definition of ‘Latvian diaspora’ based on personal identification with the Latvian nation and/or citizenship. Being Web-based, the survey did not impose any limitations as to geographic location, aiming at all countries in the world. Combining a wide range of respondent recruitment channels and techniques and supported by a media campaign, the survey reached 14,068 respondents in 118 countries. Innovative solutions were used to increase response rates and to decrease attrition. Several research topics in this study required separate qualitative research approaches. Thus, 159 partly-structured in-depth interviews were also conducted in countries where the Latvian diaspora is largest, as well as in-depth interviews with return migrants and diaspora policy experts. The new methodology has far-reaching potential to be applied to the study of other migrant groups in Europe and beyond. Importantly, The Emigrant Communities of Latvia project has tested and empirically proven the potential of Web surveys in collecting the opinions of large populations of migrants in many countries.
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"The Required Rate of Return." In Corporate Finance. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119424444.ch19.

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"The Required Rate of Return." In Corporate Finance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119208372.ch19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Required return"

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Harrison, Robert, and Paul Jeffs. "What Is the Appropriate Return on Investment Required for a Risky Foreign Venture?" In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/24654-ms.

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Hajawiyah, Ain, and Ancella A. Hermawan. "Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure and Investors’ & Creditors’ Required Return: Evidence from Indonesia." In Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Business and Economics Conference (APBEC 2018). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/apbec-18.2019.61.

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Wang, Gang, Bin Zheng, and Mingsheng Liu. "Impacts on Building Return Water Temperature in District Cooling Systems." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99148.

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A high temperature differential between supply and return water is most cost effective in district cooling systems. The chilled water supply temperature relies on central plant operation while the chilled water return temperature mainly depends on cooling coil performance of air handling units (AHU) at consumers. Many factors affect the AHU cooling coil performance at the consumers, such as cooling coil size, chilled water supply temperature, AHU supply air temperature, space cooling load, outside airflow and conditions, cooling coil fouling condition and cooling coil control valves types. The
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Kerrebrock, Jack L., and David B. Stickler. "Vaporization Cooling for Gas Turbines, the Return-Flow Cascade." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-177.

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A new paradigm for gas turbine design is treated, in which major elements of the hot section flow path are cooled by vaporization of a suitable two-phase coolant. This enables the blades to be maintained at nearly uniform temperature without detailed knowledge of the heat flux to the blades, and makes operation feasible at higher combustion temperatures using a wider range of materials than is possible in conventional gas turbines with air cooling. The new enabling technology for such cooling is the Return-Flow Cascade, which extends to the rotating blades the heat flux capability and self-reg
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Zhang, Bin, Min Yu, Huayong Yang, and Haocen Hong. "Research on Sealing Structure and Ground Test of Lunar Sample Return Devices." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62747.

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This article is in the background of lunar exploration program, which requires unmanned operation in the environment of ultra high vacuum, extreme temperature, strong radiation and lunar dust. Seal reliability of lunar sample return devices should be guaranteed as well. Principal prototype devices of explosive welding seal and brazing seal are analyzed separately when applied to lunar program, both of their advantages and disadvantages are indicated, and improved schemes are given as well. Besides, a redundant seal combined with o type rubber ring and knife edge indium alloy is put forward, to
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Olesnavage, Kathryn M., and Amos G. Winter. "Analysis of Rollover Shape and Energy Storage and Return in Cantilever Beam-Type Prosthetic Feet." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35174.

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This paper presents an analysis of the rollover shape and energy storage and return in a prosthetic foot made from a compliant cantilevered beam. The rollover shape of a prosthetic foot is defined as the path of the center of pressure along the bottom of the foot during stance phase of gait, from heel strike to toe off. This path is rotated into the reference frame of the ankle-knee segment of the leg, which is held fixed. In order to achieve correct limb loading and gait kinematics, it is important that a prosthetic foot both mimic the physiological rollover shape and maximize energy storage
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Gross, Korey, and Lisa Weiland. "Flexural Testing of Shape Memory Polymers for Morphing Aircraft Applications." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43219.

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Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have garnered significant attention in recent years for their potential to return to a “memorized” state when warmed above their glass transition temperature Tg. However, they also have potential in morphing aircraft applications because of their significant modulus change above and below Tg. Much less energy is required to deform this material when in its soft state, but when the material returns to the hard state, it is able to support significant loads. In the proposed effort, SMP is experimentally considered as a candidate material for morphing aircraft applica
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Chen, Yen-Shu, Ansheng Lin, and Yng-Ruey Yuann. "Effects of the RHR Return Line Elevation to the Suppression Pool Temperature of the Lungmen ABWR Containment." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16540.

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Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan is a twin-unit Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) plant. In this study, a long-term GOTHIC model for the Lungmen ABWR primary containment response analysis is established. The wetwell space is vertically divided into several volumes to catch the pool temperature stratification effect. The long-term containment responses for a double-ended feedwater line break (FWLB) accident are calculated. The fuel decay heat is absorbed by the reactor coolant, and the coolant flows to the containment via the broken line. The suppression pool is gradually heated up by
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De Bellis, Fabio, Emanuele Guidotti, and Dante Tommaso Rubino. "Centrifugal Compressors Return Channel Optimization by Means of Advanced 3D CFD." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-44143.

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In the Oil&amp;Gas industry, the quest for turbomachinery high efficiency is continuously pushing technology towards new improvements. Rotor (impeller) optimization is a rather established practice in the centrifugal compressors design both in the scientific literature and in the industrial experience, but the same focus is not always applied to statoric components optimization. This is due to the smaller impact of plenums and return channels on the overall compressor performance in comparison to the impeller. However, further improvements in the design of centrifugal compressors stage have to
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Craig, Steven, and Patcharapun Soodsakorn. "Overcoming Extreme Technical and Logistical Challenges to Successfully Cleanout 76,000-LBM Proppant." In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204437-ms.

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Abstract A fracture treatment in offshore Tunisia screened out leaving over 76,000-lbm proppant in the wellbore. The well was significantly under-hydrostatic. The platform was small and had limited deck space and low capacity cranes. The completion incorporated chrome tubulars with a history of causing abrasion failure to coiled tubing strings. The challenge was to efficiently and safely clean out the proppant with coiled tubing (CT). A prior cleanout campaign had been conducted with concentric CT and jet pumps. An initial design focused on repeating this method. The engineering analysis had t
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Reports on the topic "Required return"

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Mayega, Jova, Ronald Waiswa, Jane Nabuyondo, and Milly Nalukwago Isingoma. How Clean Are Our Taxpayer Returns? Data Management in Uganda Revenue Authority. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.007.

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The paper assesses the cleanliness of taxpayer returns at the Uganda Revenue Authority (URA) in terms of: (a) completeness – the extent to which taxpayers submit all the required information as specified in the return forms; (b) accuracy – the extent to which the submitted information is correct; (c) consistency – the extent to which taxpayers submit similar information in cases where the same information is required in different types of tax returns, or submitted in the same type of tax return, but for different time periods; and (d) permanence – the extent to which the returns are likely to
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Bolton, Laura. WASH in Schools for Student Return During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.024.

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The literature on WASH and school re-opening during the COVID-19 pandemic is dominated by guidelines with little in the way of recent evidence or lessons learned. Analysis of data from school re-openings at the end of 2020 suggests that with mitigation measures in place community infection rates should not be affected by children returning to school. Although children carry a lower risk of infection, they do have large numbers of contact in the school environment, so hygiene and distancing measures are important. The key guidelines for WASH in schools during the COVID-19 pandemic include: chil
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Artis, Roslyn, Connie Ledoux Book, Jennifer Clinton, John S. Lucas, James P. Pellow, and Dawn Michele Whitehead. Advancing Global Stability and U.S. National Security through Peaceful Exchange. The International Coalition (coordinated by The Forum on Education Abroad), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/ic.agsausnstpe.03312021.

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For nearly 100 years, American leadership, regardless of political affiliation, has recognized the vital importance of people-to-people international exchange programs in bolstering our nation’s economy, strengthening our national security, and improving America’s status in the world. In today’s interconnected world, where global challenges require global cooperation on solutions, the United States should not retreat from international engagement, but should rather double our efforts to build positive and mutually supportive connections with our neighbors. America must embrace its role in lead
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Klein, Richard, Katy Harris, Inès Bakhtaoui, Andrea Lindblom, and Marcus Carson. Building climate diplomacy back better: imagining the UNFCCC meetings of tomorrow. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.019.

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Could the future of our planet be decided on Zoom? The feasibility of “online climate negotiations” was the issue the OnCliNe project initially set out to assess. However, experiences over the last 18 months illustrated that many of the diverse activities organised under the umbrella of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) could be held online, albeit with challenges. The real question was whether they could be held in ways that increase the effectiveness, inclusiveness and transparency of the UNFCCC process. This report reflects the sentiment of many stakeholders
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Chapman, Ray, Phu Luong, Sung-Chan Kim, and Earl Hayter. Development of three-dimensional wetting and drying algorithm for the Geophysical Scale Transport Multi-Block Hydrodynamic Sediment and Water Quality Transport Modeling System (GSMB). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41085.

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The Environmental Laboratory (EL) and the Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) have jointly completed a number of large-scale hydrodynamic, sediment and water quality transport studies. EL and CHL have successfully executed these studies utilizing the Geophysical Scale Transport Modeling System (GSMB). The model framework of GSMB is composed of multiple process models as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows that the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) accepted wave, hydrodynamic, sediment and water quality transport models are directly and indirectly linked within the GSMB framework.
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Ebeling, Robert, та Barry White. Load and resistance factors for earth retaining, reinforced concrete hydraulic structures based on a reliability index (β) derived from the Probability of Unsatisfactory Performance (PUP) : phase 2 study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39881.

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This technical report documents the second of a two-phase research and development (R&amp;D) study in support of the development of a combined Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methodology that accommodates geotechnical as well as structural design limit states for design of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) reinforced concrete, hydraulic navigation structures. To this end, this R&amp;D effort extends reliability procedures that have been developed for other non-USACE structural systems to encompass USACE hydraulic structures. Many of these reinforced concrete, hydraulic structur
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Haider, Huma. Scalability of Transitional Justice and Reconciliation Interventions: Moving Toward Wider Socio-political Change. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.080.

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Literature focusing on the aftermath of conflict in the Western Balkans, notes that many people remain focused on stereotypes and prejudices between different ethnic groups stoking fear of a return to conflict. This rapid review examines evidence focussing on various interventions that seek to promote inter-group relations that are greatly elusive in the political realm in the Western Balkan. Socio-political change requires a growing critical mass that sees the merit in progressive and conciliatory ethnic politics and is capable of side-lining divisive ethno-nationalist forces. This review pro
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Putriastuti, Massita Ayu Cindy, Vivi Fitriyanti, and Muhammad Razin Abdullah. Leveraging the Potential of Crowdfunding for Financing Renewable Energy. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/br.002.

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• Renewable energy (RE) projects in Indonesia usually have IRR between 10% and 15% and PP around 6 to 30 years • Attractive return usually could be found in large scale RE projects, although there are numerous other factors involved including technology developments, capacity scale, power purchasing price agreements, project locations, as well as interest rates and applied incentives. • Crowdfunding (CF) has big potential to contribute to the financing of RE projects especially financing small scale RE projects. • P2P lending usually targeted short-term loans with high interest rates. Therefor
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Perkins, Dustin. Invasive exotic plant monitoring at Colorado National Monument: 2019 field season. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286650.

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Invasive exotic plant (IEP) species are a significant threat to natural ecosystem integrity and biodiversity, and controlling them is a high priority for the National Park Service. The North-ern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) selected the early detection of IEPs as one of 11 monitoring protocols to be implemented as part of its long-term monitoring program. This report represents work completed at Colorado National Monument during 2019. During monitoring conducted June 12–19, a total of 20 IEP species were detected on monitoring routes and transects. Of these, 12 were priority species that ac
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Monetary Policy Report - October 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr4.-2020.

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Recent data suggest that the technical staff’s appraisals of the condition and development of economic activity, inflation and the labor market have been in line with current trends, marked by a decline in demand and the persistence of ample excess productive capacity. A significant projected fall in output materialized in the second quarter, contributing to a decline in inflation below the 3% target and reflected in a significant deterioration of the labor market. A slow recovery in output and employment is expected to continue for the remainder of 2020 and into next year, alongside growing i
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