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Vallejo, Paola, Raul Mazo, Carlos Jaramillo, and Jhon Medina Medina. "Towards a new template for the specification of requirements in semi-structured natural language." Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development 8 (February 4, 2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jserd.2020.473.
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Requirements engineering is a systematic and disciplined approach for the specification and management of software requirements; one of its objectives is to transform the requirements of the stakeholders into formal spec-ifications in order to analyze and implement a system. These requirements are usually expressed and articulated in natural language, this due to the universality and facility that natural language presents for communicating them. To facilitate the transformation processes and to improve the quality of the resulting requirements, several authors have proposed templates for writing requirements in structured natural language. However, these templates do not allow writing certain functional requirements, non-functional requirements and constraints, and they do not adapt correctly to certain types of systems such as self-adaptive, product line-based and embedded systems. This paper (i) presents evidence of the weaknesses of the template recommended by the IREB® (International Requirements Engineering Institute), and (ii) lays the foundations, through a new template, for facilitating the work of the re-quirements engineers and therefore improving the quality of the products specified with the new template. This new template was built and evaluated through two active research cycles. In each cycle we identified the problems specifying the requirements of the corresponding industrial case with the corresponding base-line template, pro-pose some improvements to address these problems and analyze the results of using the new template to specify the requirements of each case. Thus, the resulting template was able to correctly write all requirements of both industrial cases. Despite the promising results of this new template, it is still preliminary work regarding its cov-erage and the quality level of the requirements that can be written with it.
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Dobrkovikj Shotarovska, Milena, Hristina Babunovska, and Aneta Dimitrovska. "Data integrity aspects of reporting results for the specification parameter related and degradation products in chromatography data system." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 64, no. 01 (2018): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2018.64.01.002.
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The most convenient way to implement the requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice and the data integrity principles in a control analytical laboratory is to automate the entire analytical process as fully as possible. Obtaining a final reliable result from an analytical testing as part of a formal analysis is one segment of the process of providing Good Manufacturing Practice. In this paper, we describe the steps by which one control analytical laboratory can formalize and automate the entire process of obtaining and issuing analytical results through creating Report Template for calculation of the specification parameter Related and Degradation Products as part of a Chromatography Data System. The process is described in several steps from designing and structuring of the report so that it would respond best to the end-user's requirements, through identifying eventual oversights in the creation phase, to the final phase of validation, which once again confirms the integrity of its content and justifies its use for formal analysis. The use of such validated Report Templates for calculation and reporting of the results from analytical testing eliminates the human error factor and increases the confidence in the issued results as well as in the entire laboratory’s workflow. Their application facilitate compliance with regulations and minimizes manual input of data which in turn meets one of the most crucial requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice. Keywords: data integrity, chromatography data system, report template, related and degradation products
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Mohd, Haslina, Fauziah Baharom, Norida Muhd Darus, Shafinah Farvin Packeer Mohamed, Zaharin Marzuki, and Muhammad Afdhal Muhammad Robie. "Functional Requirements Specification of E-Tendering Using Natural Language Approach: Towards Innovative Business Transformation." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 5003–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.8555.
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Recently, business transformation towards the used of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a necessity toward rapid industries and the paradigm shifted to sustain business competitiveness. The holistic electronic approach is one of business innovations, especially in handling a lot of tender documentations and process in an electronic environment namely as e-Tendering. Unfortunately, the existing tender process transformation in the electronic approach is not properly followed certain standard and guideline, especially in establishing a good e-Tendering functional requirements specification to ensure the organizations would be in the best served. This is important to ensure a good e-Tendering system can be developed by e-Tendering developers based on a good e-Tendering functional requirement specifications. The requirements specification is a process of documenting user and system requirements. Commonly, user and system requirements should be clear, unambiguous, easy to understand, complete, and consistent. In practice, this is difficult to achieve due to interpretation of the requirements in different ways by stakeholders, which are often inherent conflicts and inconsistencies of the requirements. The implementation of the existing e-tendering still remains uncertainties, especially in defining the functional requirements of the e-tendering system. Therefore, this study aims to construct the e-Tendering functional requirement model using requirement template in natural language representation approach. Moreover the development of this system requirement model may provide a consistency to the requirements representation. The study uses UN/CEFACT Business Standard of the e-Tendering Business. The identified functional requirements are designed by using Requirement Template to ensure the reliability and understandability of requirements. Besides, the proposed functional requirements is constructed by adapting the natural language and verified by expert review approaches. As a result, this study proposed a functional requirements specification of the e-Tendering that contains detailed description which can be referred by software practitioners in developing a secure e-tendering system effectively.
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Thronesbery, Carroll, Ayman Qaddumi, Michael Merta, Eugene McMahon, and Mike Monahan. "Autonomy Requirements Tester (ART): Assisting Clear Communications among Stakeholders." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 2027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601985.
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Autonomy Requirements Tester (ART) is a software tool designed and prototyped in a NASA Phase I Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) project to address the difficulties of testing autonomy requirements. It supports clear communications among engineers with different by translating requirements terms into software behavioral expectations, which can be used to drive test specifications and the reporting of test results. Also, because it helps translate the requirements into software behavior terms, it addresses some of the difficulties of testing autonomy requirements. Innovations in ART include a clear linking of requirements, expected software behavior, test plans, and test results. They also include the immersion of the Test Runner portion of the ART design within the Core Flight System (cFS) architecture, so that the application under test can be tested as it is intended to fly, even before the remainder of the flight software has been developed. ART also includes a reusable test specification for regression testing and employs a test plan template to ease the specification of multiple, detailed test plans for similarly formatted autonomy requirements.
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Kumar Nayak, Sandeep, Dr Raees Ahmad Khan, and Dr Md.Rizwan Beg. "A Comparative Template for Reliable Requirement Specification." International Journal of Computer Applications 14, no. 2 (January 12, 2011): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/1815-2361.
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Daniel, Mworia, Nderu Lawrence, and Kimwele Michael. "Embedding Quality into Software Product Line Variability Artifacts." International Journal of Software Engineering & Applications 12, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijsea.2021.12302.
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The success of any software product line development project is closely tied to its domain variability management. Whereas a lot of effort has been put into functional variability management by the SPL community, non-functional variability is considered implicit. The result has been dissatisfaction among clients due to resultant poor quality systems. This work presents an integrated requirement specification template for quality and functional requirements at software product line variation points. The implementation of this approach at the analytical description phase increases the visibility of quality requirements obliging developers to implement them. The approach proposes the use of decision tree classification techniques to support the weaving of functional quality attributes at respective variation points. This work, therefore, promotes software product line variability management objectives by proposing new functional quality artifacts during requirements specification phase. The approach is illustrated with an exemplar mobile phone family data storage requirements case study.
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Kim, DaeSeung. "A Suggestion on a Better Template for Requirements Traceability Matrix of a Requirements Specification." Journal of the Korea Society of Systems Engineering 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14248/jkosse.2016.12.1.001.
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Alani, Yasir, Nashwan Dawood, João Patacas, Sergio Rodriguez, and Huda Dawood. "A semantic common model for product data in the water industry." Journal of Information Technology in Construction 26 (July 28, 2021): 566–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2021.030.
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The issue of interoperability in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry represents a challenge on a scale that spans across the project life cycle. This is predominant in the infrastructure sector that usually comprises a more versatile Operations and Maintenance (O&M) phase in comparison with the buildings sector. To this end, an important stage in the information life cycle is the asset information capture and validation during product procurement at the O&M phase. The water industry in the United Kingdom relies on Product Data Templates (PDTs) to fulfil such task, which is usually an error prone manual process. This paper presents an ongoing research, which investigates the application of Semantic Web Technologies (SWT) for improving product data exchange during product procurement at the O&M phase for the water industry in the United Kingdom (UK). Therefore, focus group sessions with industry experts were held to discuss current inefficiencies and solution requirements. Based on these results, a semantic common model named Asset Specification Ontology (ASO) was developed to capture and validate asset information during product procurement at the O&M phase. The common model (ontology) is based on available technologies, namely Web Ontology Language (OWL) and Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL). This gives the advantage of semantically rich data which can be linked and queried in a meaningful way to facilitate the exchange and validation of water industry assets’ data. The uniqueness of this paper is manifested in the issue it tackles, as efficient product procurement, and hence, data exchange in the water industry is an industrial challenge that is seldom researched. Results from the focus group sessions showed that information exchange within the UK water industry is impeded due to the lack of structured and semantic data. However, for a robust semantic interoperability, there needs to be a robust semantic data infrastructure, which would require semantic mappings from standards to product properties, from standards to other standards, and from standards to dictionaries. These conclusions were further supported by the common model, which was created from existing schemas, standards, and dictionaries. Generally, this paper recommends a common model/product library for phase-specific product data exchange in the water industry.
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Lu, Xin. "Elastic Fabric Template of Sheath Dress Based on Dynamic Change." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 1165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.1165.
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The basic theoretical research on sheath dress pattern with elastic fabric has put forward higher requirements. In this paper, based on dressing in dynamic change, combining with the body extend measure, the change of the pattern's control parts' specification and detail parts' specification are studied, and a basic sheath dress pattern with elastic fabric based on dynamic change is established. The human body's dynamic and static data show that the parameter of detail parts specification has great changes, while the parameter of control parts' specification parameter has small changes. For body detail parts' specification and structure, the parts that have not great changes only solve the problem of the fabric elastic utilization to meet the needs of the state of tight dress. According to the positions that produce dynamic increment, combining wearing condition, fabric elastic utilization and dynamic parameter, to design detail specification and pattern to satisfy sheath condition and dynamic demand.
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He, Dong Qing, and Wei Hua Wu. "Exterior-Template Design for Concrete Engineering in an Arched Structure." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.284.
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In accordance with the technical specifications of existing concrete structure construction template and an arched structure concrete pouring process, the exterior-template design for concrete of the project has been done, which contents the requirements of the of engineering concrete on construction quality.
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Henzen, Christin, Stefano Della Chiesa, and Lars Bernard. "Recommendations for Future Data Management Plans in Earth System Sciences." AGILE: GIScience Series 2 (June 4, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-2-31-2021.
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Abstract. Most research activities in Earth System Sciences (ESS) are data-driven. There is a growing need to establish innovative, cross-cutting data management and data analysis methods in ESS to support the collaboration of interdisciplinary research building on heterogeneous sources. Data management plans (DMPs) are structured documents that outline data handling and include for instance agreements on roles, specifications of data products, and definition of workflows. However, the structure of existing DMP templates is mostly designed for funder’s requirements and consequently address only the broad and interdisciplinary research community. Thus, these templates do lack (1) guidance on how to structure domain-specific information in a DMP – by providing domain-specific profiles, e.g. to harmonize the structure and improve the comprehensibility of DMP instances and (2) (linking into) tools enabling efficient management and reuse of information / sections of DMP instances. Therefore, we provide a concept of future DMP templates and address geo-domain-specific requirements, and the integration of DMPs into research data infrastructures. We recommend integrating structured provenance and quality information, using established concepts, and define a pathway to link tools into research data infrastructures, such that they foster automation of data management workflows and data reuse.
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Álvarez, J., M. Arrebola, R. G. Ayestarán, and F. Las-Heras. "Systematic Framework for Reflectarray Synthesis Based on Phase Optimization." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/474073.
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A new systematic synthesis framework for reflectarray antennas is discussed. Optimization based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used to obtain the phase distribution of the reflection coefficients required on the reflectarray surface, in order to achieve the pattern specifications. A Local Multipoint Distribution System (LMDS) base station working in the 24.5–26.5 GHz frequency band has been proposed to evaluate the method. The 3D requirements are defined by the combination of the elevation and templates and considering a maximum acceptable ripple in the beam shaping. Some illustrative results are obtained.
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Meng, Ling Si, Guang Xiu Fang, Hao Xu, and Yan Shu Zheng. "The Analysis on the Example that the Comprehensive Application of Cuplok Scaffolding and Steel Tubular Scaffold with Couplers in Large Span Beam Structure Support." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.589.
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This paper, taking the application of Cuolok Scaffolding and steel tubular scaffold with couplers in large span beam structure support of the chamber building in Ningxin residential community in yanji, jilin province as an example, introducing thedesigning scheme,and measures to guarantee the technology quality . Meanwhile, doing the calculation analysis calculating method,Through the inspection about the sub-projects of scaffold, template, and concrete structure, the construction quality meets the requirements of specification acceptance standard in China, so this approach can be applied to similar project.
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Sun, Fuyu, Jianping Zhou, Shuai Guo, and Yi Li. "Flexible model specification and application for service-oriented software." SIMULATION 95, no. 4 (July 3, 2018): 363–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549718779442.
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Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) has gained considerable popularity for the development of large-scale distributed software systems. The SOA paradigm promotes the reusability and integrability of software in heterogeneous environments by means of open standards. The existing problem is that every service-oriented software development project often requires a customized development process that provides specific service-oriented software in support of requirements unique to that project. To resolve this problem, this study proposes universal service-oriented software (USOS). USOS focuses on the general simulation technology and integrates many features, which are necessary to build a correct and efficient simulation system. It is aimed at providing a professional environment to reduce the cost of modeling as well as the execution time of the simulation for multi-type models. USOS supports many advanced features such as dynamic model template generation, multi-formalism model debugging, flexible model-driven application, etc. Developers may use USOS as an open framework to build, store, and verify models very efficiently. Based on USOS, we have developed a large-scale parallel simulation platform called SIM, which is oriented to test parallel and distributed architectures, and applications in the aerospace domain. This study introduces the distinctive features of USOS for practical implementation of SIM and validates the performance by a prototype system simulation.
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Pan, Feng, and Woonsup Choi. "A Conceptual Modeling Framework for Hydrologic Ecosystem Services." Hydrology 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology6010014.
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Ecosystem services (ES) help people understand and deal with current environmental situations and problems, and ES-related research has been increasing recently. However, the quantitative evaluations of ES that can be easily understood by decision makers are still in development. Specifically, new methods are needed for hydrologic ES with the requirements of spatially and temporally explicit specification of parameters related to climate, geology, land cover, soil, and topography. This paper presents a conceptual modeling framework that aims to convert hydrologic information to hydrologic ES in fine temporal resolutions by developing a conceptual connection of three modules: data development, hydrologic and ES modeling, and results analysis. Then, the framework was applied to a study basin to demonstrate the importance of hydrologic ES in fine temporal resolutions. Results of water provision ES, flood control ES, and sediment regulation ES were produced at fine temporal resolutions in the framework, which indicates that more timely and relevant policy suggestions can be provided to decision makers. The framework and the methodology are applicable for watersheds of varied sizes and can serve as a template for future coupling of different environmental models.
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Partee, Brock, Scott J. Hollister, and Suman Das. "Selective Laser Sintering Process Optimization for Layered Manufacturing of CAPA® 6501 Polycaprolactone Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128, no. 2 (September 14, 2005): 531–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2162589.
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Tissue engineering combines principles of the life sciences and engineering to replace and repair damaged human tissue. Present tissue engineering methods generally require the use of porous, bioresorbable scaffolds to serve as temporary three-dimensional templates to guide cell attachment, differentiation, proliferation, and subsequent regenerate tissue formation. Such scaffolds are anticipated to play an important role in allowing physicians to simultaneously reconstruct and regenerate damaged human tissues such as bone, cartilage, ligament, and tendon. Recent research strongly suggests that the choice of scaffold material and its internal porous architecture significantly influence regenerate tissue structure and function. However, a lack of versatile biomaterials processing and manufacturing methods capable of meeting the complex geometric and compositional requirements of tissue engineering scaffolds has slowed progress towards fully testing these promising findings. It is widely accepted that layered manufacturing methods such as selective laser sintering (SLS) have the potential to address these requirements. We have investigated SLS as a technique to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds composed of polycaprolactone (PCL), one of the most widely investigated biocompatible, bioresorbable materials for tissue engineering applications. In this article, we report on our development of optimal SLS processing parameters for CAPA® 6501 PCL powder using systematic factorial design of experiments. Using the optimal parameters, we manufactured test scaffolds with designed porous channels and achieved dimensional accuracy to within 3%–8% of design specifications and densities approximately 94% relative to full density. Finally, using the optimal SLS process parameters, we demonstrated the successful fabrication of bone tissue engineering scaffolds based on actual minipig and human condyle scaffold designs.
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Khabbazi, Mahmood Reza, Jan Wikander, Mauro Onori, Antonio Maffei, and De-Jiu Chen. "Module-based quality system functionality evaluation in production logistics." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 9, no. 2 (April 25, 2016): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.1509.
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Purpose: This paper addresses a comprehensive modeling and functionality evaluation of a module-based quality system in production logistics at the highest domain abstract level of business processes.Design/methodology/approach: All domain quality business processes and quality data transactions are modeled using BPMN and UML tools and standards at the business process and data modeling. A modular web-based prototype is developed to evaluate the models addressing the quality information system functionality requirements and modularity in production logistics through data scenarios and data queries.Findings: Using the object-oriented technique in design at the highest domain level, the proposed models are subject further development in the lower levels for the implementing case. The models are specifically able to manipulate all quality operations including remedy and control in a lot-based make-to-order production logistics system as an individual module.Practical implications: Due to the specification of system as domain design structure, all proposed BPMs, data models, and the actual database prototype are seen referential if not a solution as a practical “to-be” quality business process re-engineering template. Originality/value: this paper sets out to provide an explanatory approach using different practical technique at modeling steps as well as the prototype implementation.
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Hillier, John K., Geoffrey R. Saville, Mike J. Smith, Alister J. Scott, Emma K. Raven, Jonathon Gascoigne, Louise J. Slater, et al. "Demystifying academics to enhance university–business collaborations in environmental science." Geoscience Communication 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gc-2-1-2019.
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Abstract. In countries globally there is intense political interest in fostering effective university–business collaborations, but there has been scant attention devoted to exactly how an individual scientist's workload (i.e. specified tasks) and incentive structures (i.e. assessment criteria) may act as a key barrier to this. To investigate this an original, empirical dataset is derived from UK job specifications and promotion criteria, which distil universities' varied drivers into requirements upon academics. This work reveals the nature of the severe challenge posed by a heavily time-constrained culture; specifically, tension exists between opportunities presented by working with business and non-optional duties (e.g. administration and teaching). Thus, to justify the time to work with business, such work must inspire curiosity and facilitate future novel science in order to mitigate its conflict with the overriding imperative for academics to publish. It must also provide evidence of real-world changes (i.e. impact), and ideally other reportable outcomes (e.g. official status as a business' advisor), to feed back into the scientist's performance appraisals. Indicatively, amid 20–50 key duties, typical full-time scientists may be able to free up to 0.5 day per week for work with business. Thus specific, pragmatic actions, including short-term and time-efficient steps, are proposed in a “user guide” to help initiate and nurture a long-term collaboration between an early- to mid-career environmental scientist and a practitioner in the insurance sector. These actions are mapped back to a tailored typology of impact and a newly created representative set of appraisal criteria to explain how they may be effective, mutually beneficial and overcome barriers. Throughout, the focus is on environmental science, with illustrative detail provided through the example of natural hazard risk modelling in the insurance sector. However, a new conceptual model of academics' behaviour is developed, fusing perspectives from literature on academics' motivations and performance assessment, which we propose is internationally applicable and transferable between sectors. Sector-specific details (e.g. list of relevant impacts and user guide) may serve as templates for how people may act differently to work more effectively together.
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Vyshnivskyy, V. V., G. O. Grynkevych, A. O. Makarenko, V. V. Zhebka, V. I. Strelnikov, and A. M. Shtimmerman. "Information technology for automation of development and deployment virtual cloud environment based on serverless architecture." Telecommunication and information technologies 68, no. 3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.31673/2412-4338.2020.032740.
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The article presents the structure of information technology to automate the development and deployment of a virtual cloud environment based on a serverless architecture. The process of creating information technology for automation of development and deployment of a virtual cloud environment based on serverless architecture is presented, the presented metamodel for prototype case study is evaluated and possible future directions of improvement are suggested. Although many software tools are available for deploying and managing complex cloud services, users often have to specify IaC solutions using low-level scenarios. Instead, known solutions require the developer to specify program components, such as a web application, and preferably the framework would automatically convert them to expandable code. To solve these problems and implement the desired capabilities, a modeled and scalable, fast-supply structure called Information Technology for Automating the Development and Deployment of a Virtual Cloud Environment Based on a Serverless Architecture (ІТаррх) is proposed. ITarrch meets the requirements of the topology specification for cloud applications, which allows you to create portable and interoperable templates for cloud services. The use of OpenTOSCA provides standardization of the delimitation of software applications and their dependencies on the specifications of the cloud platform.. The main contributions to this acticle are that the key elements of ІТаррх modeling are presented, which automates and masks the low-level details of application component specifications and cloud service provider specifications, and instead offers high-level intuitive representations; the use of an extended knowledge base and algorithms for automatic execution of IaC transformations is proposed; made a specific implementation of ІТаррх and its verification in the context of actual use cases.
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"Converting from Service Level Agreement to Probabilistic Temporal Logic Specification." VOLUME-8 ISSUE-10, AUGUST 2019, REGULAR ISSUE 8, no. 10 (August 10, 2019): 3487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.j9736.0881019.
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The need for conversion method exists due to the limitation of manual conversion at design time whenever the interested party must perform some assessments using an existing model checker tool. Manual conversion of the related requirements into the respective specification language is time-consuming especially when the person has limited knowledge and need to do the task repetitively with a different set of Service Level Agreement (SLA) configurations. This paper aims to address the need to automatically capture non-functional requirements specified in the SLA, namely, Service Level Objectives (SLO) and converting them into a specific probabilistic temporal logic specification. We tackle this problem by proposing a conversion method that utilizes a rule-based and template-based approach. The conversion method automatically extracts the required information in SLA based on certain rules and uses the extracted information to replace the elements in the prepared template. We focus on WS-Agreement language for SLA and probabilistic alternating-time temporal logic with rewards specification (rPATL) for the properties specification used in PRISM-games model checker tool. We then implement an initial proof-of concept of a conversion method to illustrate the applicability of translating between targeted specifications
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Mohanani, Rahul, Paul Ralph, Burak Turhan, and Vladimir Mandic. "How Templated Requirements Specifications Inhibit Creativity in Software Engineering." IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 2021, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tse.2021.3112503.
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K., Kumar, and R. A. K. Saravanaguru. "FORMALIZING CONTEXT AWARE REQUIREMENT PATTERNS USING ONTOLOGY." Jurnal Teknologi 78, no. 6 (May 30, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.5593.
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Requirements patterns for context aware system is challenging due to dynamic and ambiguous nature of context data which remain poorly characterized. A significant amount of research is being done on formalizing context aware systems. However, only few works has been done on requirement patterns which are mandatory to derive complete, consistent and deployable specifications for context data. Since context aware systems with its applications and simulation are still in pilot study. There is a need of formalizing context properties and a methodology to drive the contextual requirements in the system. Further to focus the research problem, empirical study was carried out to investigate context aware pattern properties and different context aware pattern aspects. The contribution of this paper work is to propose ontology based context aware requirement patterns (CaRePa). This CaRePa compared with existing models in context aware patterns. New set of context properties are identified and merged with the CaRePa template. Verification can be performed with the model created using ontology for context aware requirement patterns.
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Sabbahi, Dania. "Developing Test Blueprint Template- Part 1: Multiple Choices Questions." Egyptian Journal of Medical Education, June 20, 2020, 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33328/ejme.2020.008.
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Introduction: Having a well-constructed blueprint, also known as tables of specifications or test specifications, for assessments makes them defensible indicators for students’ gain of the course learning outcomes. Furthermore, it ensures content validity of a test which is a requirement for any evaluation that measures academic achievements. Aim: This paper describes a template that was developed for developing blueprint and shows step by step the guidance on how to use the developed template. Developing the template: The template was designed on an excel software with preset formulae and linked cells to enable academician to construct an exam blueprint in an easy and simple way. It is composed of 2 main sheets: “mother-sheet” which considered as the database for the course specifications and a feeder to all other sheets, the other component is the “exam blueprint sheet” which is specific for each test. Using the exam blueprint template: Following simple steps of filling-up specific cells in the mother and exam blueprint sheet will enable the users to produce a well-constructed plan for the exam. Summary: The aim of blueprinting is to reduce any threats to validity, yet the preparation of high quality blueprint might be a huge task for most faculty. Using this template is a solid foundation for developing any multiple choice questions tests in an easy and simple way.
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"Secure MEReq: A Tool Support to Check for Completeness of Security Requirements." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 2S11 (November 2, 2019): 768–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b1125.0982s1119.
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Quality security requirements help secure software development to succeed. While considerable research can be discovered in the field of demands elicitation, less attention has been paid to the writing of full security specifications. The demands engineers (REs) are still challenged and tedious in implementing and reporting full safety needs derived from Natural language. This is due to their tendency to misunderstand the real needs and the security terms used by inexperienced REs leading to incomplete security requirements. Motivated from these problems, we have developed a prototype tool, called SecureMEReq to improve the writing of complete security requirements. This tool provides four important key-features, which are (1) extraction of template-based components from client-stakeholders; (2) analysis of template-based density from SRCLib; (3) analysis of requirements syntax density from SecLib; and (4) analysis of completeness prioritization. To do this, we used our pattern libraries: SecLib and SRCLib to support the automation process of elicitation, especially in writing the security requirements. Our evaluation results show that our prototype tool is capable to facilitate the writing of complete security requirements and useful in assisting the REs to elicit the security requirements.
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Amarasinghe, L. W., and R. D. Nawarathna. "Automatic Generation of Scripts for Database Creation from Scenario Descriptions." Asian Journal of Research in Computer Science, March 27, 2021, 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrcos/2021/v7i330180.
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Aims: Database creation is the most critical component of the design and implementation of any software application. Generally, the process of creating the database from the requirement specification of a software application is believed to be extremely hard. This study presents a method to automatically generate database scripts from a given scenario description of the requirement specification.
Study Design: The method is developed based on a set of natural language processing (NLP) techniques and a few algorithms. Standard database scenario descriptions presented in popular textbooks on Database Design are used for the validation of the method.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, Between December 2019 to December 2020.
Methodology: The description of the problem scenario is processed using NLP operations such as tokenization, complex word handling, basic group handling, complex phrase handling, structure merging, and template construction to extract the necessary information required for the entity relational model. New algorithms are proposed to automatically convert the entity relational model to the logical schema and finally to the database script. The system can generate scripts for relational databases (RDB), object relational databases (ORDB) and Not Only SQL (NoSQL) databases. The proposed method is integrated into a web application where the users can type the scenario in natural or free text. The user can select the type of database (i.e., one of RDB, ORDB, NoSQL) considered in their system and accordingly the application generates the SQL scripts.
Results: The proposed method was evaluated using 10 scenario descriptions connected to 10 different domains such as company, university, airport, etc. for all three types of databases. The method performed with impressive accuracies of 82.5%, 84.0% and 83.5% for RDB, ORDB and NoSQL scripts, respectively.
Conclusion: This study is mainly focused on the automatic generation of SQL scripts from scenario descriptions of the requirement specification of a software system. Overall, the developed method helps to speed up the database development process. Further, the developed web application provides a learning environment for people who are novices in database technology.