Academic literature on the topic 'Res judicata'
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Journal articles on the topic "Res judicata"
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Kennett, Wendy, Flora Triantafyllou-Albanidou, Peter Fitger, Remo Caponi, and Ernst Gras. "Res judicata." European Review of Private Law 6, Issue 1 (March 1, 1998): 105–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/199052.
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Both judgements of the German Federal Supreme Court concern the effects of final judgements on later proceedings. A decisive factor is whether the issues arising in the later proceedings are to characterised as new facts which are therefore not affected by the earlier judgement. The judgement of the Supreme Court of 14.7.1995 had the following facts: The owners of a piece of land sued in the first proceedings for a declaration that the owners for the time being of that piece of land had an easement in the form, inter alia, of a right to come and go on part of a road over neighbouring property, and as a subsidiary claim they sought a right of a way as a necessity. The claim as to the right of way was dismissed by means of a binding judgement, because the stretch of road was held to be part of the public one. But this decision was quashed, and after the first proceedings had ended, it was established in a binding judgement of an administrative court, that the road was not a public highway. The same plaintiffs therefore brought new proceedings against the same defendant seeking to ensure that their right to come and go over the disputed stretch of road was not impeded, and as a subsidiary claim that a right of way of necessity should be recognised. According to the Supreme Court, the earlier judgement did not stand in the way of a judgement in these later proceedings. The headnote to the case states: 'If an action for a declaration concerning the existence of a traditional right of way is in part dismissed because there is a public highway there anyway, and if later the administrative authorities and courts deny the existence of a public highway, the res judicata effect of the earlier judgement does not hinder a new action based on the existence of the easement.' The judgement of the Supreme Court of 16.10.1995 had the following facts: A concluded a contract in 1988 under which he bought shares in B for 9360, DM payable in 124 monthly installments. The contract was only partly performed by A. By a final judgement of 4.11.1992, A was required to pay a total of 8256,DM. In a solicitor's letter of 29.3.1993, A exercised his purported right to withdraw his agreement to the contract in reliance on the Law on the rescission of doorstep sales, arguing that the employee of V-GmbH which B had entrusted with the sale of its shares, and in whose home A had given his agreement to the contract, had not given him the required information about his right of rescission, but had kept it to himself with tortious intent. The withdrawal of his agreement formed the basis of an action by A to prevent execution of the agreement formed the basis of an action by A to prevent execution of the judgement of 4.11.1992 (Vollstreckungsgegenklage). In the earlier proceedings, A had not disputed B's claim that information about his right of rescission had been given to A, and that he had confirmed this by by his signature. A took the view that enforcement of the earlier final judgement was impermissable because he had now withdrawn his agreement to the contract which formed the basis of that judgement. In addition he argued that he had a claim based on damage caused by action contrary to bonos mores, because B was vicariously liable for the fraudulent actions of V-GmbH. The landgericht dismissed the Vollstreckungsgegenklage. A's appeals to the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court were unsuccessful. In this case, in the opinion of the Supreme Court, the res judicata effect of the earlier judgement hindered a judgement in favour of A in later proceedings. The withdrawal of agreement to a contract under the Law on the rescission of doorstep and other similar transactions (HWiG) was not a new fact within the meaning of 767(2)ZPO; it was not to be characterised as an event creating or transforming rights, but rather as a defence to a claim.
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Alexeeva, T. M. "Res judicata properties in the context of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights: correlation and scope." Juridical Journal of Samara University 7, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-047x-2021-7-1-29-39.
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In this article, the author considers the concept of res judicata. It is concluded that res judicata has two main properties: presumption of the truth of the judgment, and prejudice. The author examines the presumption of the truth of the judgment, and prejudice arising from the concept of res judicata in relation to the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. The author comes to the conclusion that the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights as res judicata have the property of a presumption in full measure. At the same time, due to the expanding competence of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the power of res judicata of the European Court of Human Rights may be limited. With regard to the second property of res judicata - prejudice, it is concluded that the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights res judicata do not have prejudice of evidentiary value. However, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights res judicata have the property of prejudicial competence of an international (interstate) agency. In this sense, according to the author, res judicata has an intersectoral prejudicial meaning.
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Pinos, Timothy. "Res Judicata Redux." Osgoode Hall Law Journal 26, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 713–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.60082/2817-5069.1804.
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Yaffe, Nathan. "Transnational Arbitral Res Judicata." Journal of International Arbitration 34, Issue 5 (October 1, 2017): 795–833. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2017038.
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Commercial arbitral awards are universally recognized to give rise to res judicata, but confusion reigns over what law applies to the res judicata effect of a prior arbitral award asserted before a subsequent tribunal. National res judicata laws diverge on key questions such as the availability of issue estoppel and the construction of the ‘triple identity’ test. Yet the normal tools used to manage divergence in potentially applicable laws – choice of law and codification – have failed to work when it comes to the res judicata effect of awards. I argue the answer is to adopt a transnational approach to res judicata in arbitration. Although this approach has support in principle, questions remain about how it would work in practice. I propose that a modified version of Gaillard’s ‘transnational rules method’ contains the seeds of a promising answer. Specifically, tribunals could look to both other commercial tribunals’ awards, as well as International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) and International Court of Justice (ICJ) case law on res judicata, to develop a sui generis transnational preclusion standard for international arbitration. This is consistent with informal practices arbitrators have developed with respect to other interstitial issues where choice of law processes do not yield satisfactory results. Finally, I evaluate the implications of taking this approach, as well as its prospects for success.
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Groussot, Xavier, and Timo Minssen. "Res Judicata in the Court of Justice Case-Law." European Constitutional Law Review 3, no. 3 (October 2007): 385–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1574019607003859.
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Forms of res judicata – Unwritten principle of EU law – National procedural autonomy v. EC supremacy – Revision of decisions v. state liability – Finality of administrative decisions v. judicial decisions – Higher respect for judicial decisions than for administrative decisions – Res judicata not absolute – ECJ itself under demands of legal certainty – Analogy between res judicata rules and rules of direct and indirect effect.
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Voser, Nathalie. "Recent Developments on the Doctrine of Res Judicata in International Arbitration from a Swiss Perspective: A Call for a Harmonized Solution." ASA Bulletin 33, Issue 4 (December 1, 2015): 742–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/asab2015059.
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The Swiss Federal Tribunal has recently rendered three decisions addressing the issue of res judicata in the context of international arbitration, opening the door to possible developments of the doctrine of res judicata as applied in international arbitrations seated in Switzerland. This article elaborates on the Swiss Federal Tribunal's latest decisions on the topic and endeavors to challenge some of the core principles of the doctrine of res judicata as developed in the Swiss practice. The authors propose that arbitral tribunals apply the provisions of the lex arbitri (instead of Article II(3) New York Convention) when examining the requirement of recognition of a foreign state court judgment where an exceptio arbitri was raised in the first proceedings. The article also puts in question one of the key holdings of the Swiss Federal Tribunal, i.e. the application of the Swiss lex fori to the issue of res judicata by an arbitral tribunal seated in Switzerland. Rather than the strict principles of res judicata as developed by the Swiss Federal Tribunal, the authors suggest that arbitral tribunals seated in Switzerland should use their procedural discretion and develop autonomous rules which are more generally recognized and thereby seek to define the core content of the principle of res judicata. In doing so, and in the absence of internationally applicable rules, arbitral tribunals can promote harmonized principles of res judicata better designed for international arbitration than particular national rules.
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Zarzalejos Herrero, Jaime. "Análisis comparado de la cosa juzgada en Derecho inglés = Comparative analysis of the res judicata doctrine under English Law." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 10, no. 1 (March 8, 2018): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2018.4131.
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Resumen: El estudio tiene por objeto el análisis comparado entre la regulación de la doctrina de la res judicata o cosa juzgada en Derecho inglés y en el ordenamiento jurídico español. En primer lugar, el artículo analiza la cosa juzgada –y otras figuras preclusivas que producen efectos similares– desde la perspectiva Derecho inglés. En segundo lugar, se abordará su regulación en Derecho español. Finalmente, el trabajo expone una serie de conclusiones en donde se pone de manifiesto las diferencias y similitudes sobre su regulación en ambos ordenamientos.Palabras clave: res judicata, estoppel, Henderson rule.Abstract: The paper analyses the regulation of the res judicata doctrine under English and Spanish law from a comparative perspective. The paper first examines the regulation of the res judicata doctrine –and other pleas which have similar effects– under English law. Secondly, the paper reviews its regulation under Spanish law. The paper ends drawing some conclusions on the differences and similarities under both legal systems.Keywords: res judicata, estoppel, Henderson rule.
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Theofanis, Rosa. "The doctrine of Res Judicata in International Criminal Law." International Criminal Law Review 3, no. 3 (2003): 195–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181203322599101.
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AbstractRes judicata is well-settled as a general principle of international law. But the rules of res judicata in international criminal procedure are undeveloped. Recent cases from the ad hoc criminal tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda have added to the understanding of res judicata in international law - demonstrating the risk that new rules of res judicata will implicitly incorporate either a common-law or civil-law definition of what the "law" is. Analysis of issues considered in recent Tribunal jurisprudence - particularly the questions of review and reconsideration - locates potential hazards in the development of the law and provides guidance for the application of the ICC statute.
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Phee, Jung-Hyun, and Jun-Ho Bae. "res judicata of Countervailing Defense." Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute 39, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 159–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22397/wlri.2023.39.1.159.
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Article 216 of the Civil Procedure Act stipulates that in paragragh 1, a final judgement has res judicata only if it is included in the order. Even if the judgement is confirmed, if the judgement in the grounds of judgement is not binding, the dispute may be reproduced and the judgements in the grounds of judgement may be contradictory, so it is a question of whether to recognize the res judicata in the grounds of judgement. On the other hand, as an exception, the determinatioin of whether or not a claim claiming offset in paragragh 2 is established is determined to have res judicata only for the amount opposed to offset. The purpose of acknowledging the res judicata in the court’s judgement on the offset claim is that if the res judicata is not recognized, the dispute over the existence of the plaintiff’s claim will be transformed into a dispute over the existence of the counterclaim filed in another lawsuit, preventing the counterclaim from double exercising the counterclaim. Therefore, in order to understand the legal principles according to the purpose in detail, this paper examined the res judicata power of the countervailing defense. First, the requirements for recognizing res judicata will be divided into automatic bonds and passive bonds. In the former, we will examine whether the court's practical judgement on automatic bonds is necessary, whether the precedent (suspension condition theory) that the judicial effect of the countervailing defense is appropriate, and whether the expression of intention to set off, which is the originally effective time, reaches the other party (revocation condition theory). In the latter case, the existence of passive bonds and whether the passive claims are claims judged as litigation items (or equivalent thereto) are problematic. And, in the case where the defendant makes a defense of set-off, we will review whether it is lawful for the plaintiff to submit a set-off (namely, litigation set-off and non-litigation set-off) as a re-defense. This will be considered in consideration of not only the substantive legal aspect that passive claims must exist, but also the litigation policy aspect of maintaining the stability of the litigation process and eliminating complexity. In addition, we examine the objective scope of the substrate power recognized in countervailing defense, especially if the automatic bond exceeds the passive bond amount, and if the court recognizes only a part of the claim (manual) bond amount, some of the multiple automatic bonds are recognized and some are not recognized. Furthermore, we will look at the positive and negative theories on whether res judicata are recognized in countervailing disputes other than litigation.
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Heller, Thomas Allan. "The Current Status of the Preclusive Effects of Judgments in the Federal Court System of the United States of America." Lexonomica 12, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 163–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/lexonomica.12.2.163-210.2020.
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Res judicata law in the United States of America has a long, extensive and complex history. The aim of this paper is to provide at least a working summary of some of the most important aspects of the current res judicata law in the federal court system of the United States. The flexible discovery, pleading and joinder rules have given rise to more expansive res judicata law. The paper will discuss what exactly constitutes a judgment; how the federal courts deal with the finality of judgments in multiple parties and multiple claim cases; the final judgment rule; the form of judgments; the methods to enter judgments and significance of entry of judgments; together with a detailed overview of the doctrine of res judicata itself, including the separate, but related twin doctrines of claim preclusion and issue preclusion.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Res judicata"
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GRASSI, MICHELE. "LA TEORIA DELLA RES JUDICATA NELL'ARBITRATO COMMERCIALE INTERNAZIONALE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/610259.
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Il presente studio si propone di indagare il funzionamento della teoria della res judicata nel contesto dell’arbitrato commerciale internazionale.
L’espressione res judicata individua i caratteri d’irretrattabilità e vincolatività del provvedimento giurisdizionale reso all’esito del giudizio e, come tale, rappresenta un elemento essenziale di ogni sistema di risoluzione delle controversie. La funzione svolta dalla teoria in esame all’interno del processo dipende da un bilanciamento tra valori e principi contrastanti, quali, nello specifico, le esigenze di economia processuale e certezza delle situazioni giuridiche, da un lato, e il rispetto del principio dispositivo nonché la tutela del diritto di azione e di difesa, dall’altro. La concreta individuazione dell’oggetto e dell’estensione degli effetti del giudicato solleva, pertanto, questioni teoriche e pratiche di particolare complessità, a cui i diversi ordinamenti nazionali forniscono risposte marcatamente difformi. La diversità nella disciplina del giudicato assume un peculiare rilievo laddove il giudice sia chiamato a determinare gli effetti preclusivi e conclusivi prodotti da un provvedimento giurisdizionale straniero; in tali ipotesi sorge un problema di coordinamento tra le diverse discipline potenzialmente applicabili e, segnatamente, tra le norme processuali dell’ordinamento d’origine e le norme processuali dell’ordinamento in cui s’intende far valere la decisione.
Quando, poi, s’intenda considerare l’operatività del principio della res judicata nel contesto dell’arbitrato commerciale internazionale, alle complessità appena illustrate si aggiungono le naturali incertezze che caratterizzano tale mezzo di risoluzione delle controversie. In particolare, assumono rilievo le differenti possibili rappresentazioni del fenomeno arbitrale; coloro che concepiscono l’arbitrato commerciale internazionale come un ordinamento giuridico indipendente e separato dagli ordinamenti statali, affermano la necessità di adottare un approccio autonomo al problema giudicato e, in particolare, di elaborare un insieme coerente di regole transnazionali che permetta di risolvere le questioni sollevate dall’applicazione della teoria in esame nel contesto arbitrale. Al contrario, chi ritiene che gli arbitri esercitino sempre il loro potere giurisdizionale nell’ambito di un ordinamento giuridico nazionale affermano la necessità di individuare una norma di conflitto che consenta di identificare le regole processuali di origine statale applicabili del giudicato. Entrambi tali approcci, per ragioni diverse, presentano rilevanti profili di criticità e non possono ritenersi pienamente soddisfacenti.
Nel presente studio si suggerisce, allora, l’adozione di una prospettiva più pragmatica nella considerazione delle problematiche sollevata dall’applicazione della res judicata nel contesto arbitrale. In particolare, si propone una differenziazione tra le ipotesi in cui l’invocazione di una precedente decisione sottenda un’obiezione alla giurisdizione del tribunale arbitrale e le ipotesi in cui essa rilevi ai fini dell’ammissibilità delle domande e delle eccezioni formulate dalle parti.
Nel primo caso, il mancato riconoscimento di una decisione che sottenda un’obiezione alla giurisdizione del tribunale arbitrale porterebbe, con grande probabilità, all’annullamento o al diniego di riconoscimento del lodo e, pertanto, a un inutile aggravio dei costi di lite. Di conseguenza il tribunale dovrebbe adottare un approccio conforme alle regole previste nell’ordinamento della sede.
Laddove, invece, l’invocazione di un precedente giudicato sollevi questioni attinenti all’ammissibilità della domanda, di regola tali problematiche dovrebbero essere disciplinate dalle norme dell’ordinamento in cui ha sede la procedura arbitrale e, in particolare, dalle norme di diritto processuale civile internazionale che disciplinano il riconoscimento degli effetti dei provvedimenti giurisdizionali stranieri in tale ordinamento. Nondimeno, laddove la controversia presenti un elevato grado di transnazionalità e il legame con la sede della procedura sia oggettivamente molto tenue, al tribunale arbitrale potrebbe essere riconosciuta una maggiore flessibilità: gli arbitri potrebbero riconoscere tutti e i soli effetti originari del provvedimento giurisdizionale fatto valere in giudizio, nel rispetto, in ogni caso, dei principi di ordine pubblico dell’ordinamento in cui ha sede la procedura.The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to explore the functioning of the res judicata doctrine in international commercial arbitration. The notion of res judicata refers to the final and binding nature of decisions rendered at the end of judicial proceedings and, as such, is an essential feature of every dispute resolution system, both at a domestic and at an international level. The role played by the doctrine of res judicata depends on a balance between conflicting values, such as the principle of procedural economy and efficiency on the one side, and the principle of due process, with specific regard to the parties’ rights to present their case and to be heard, on the other side. The definition of the scope and the effects of res judicata, therefore, raises complex issues, and the solution to these issues varies considerably between national legal systems. The differences between domestic laws are relevant also from a transnational perspective. If a challenge of res judicata is raised with respect to a foreign judgment, the judge has to determine whether to accept the original effects that the decision would have in the State in which it was rendered or to equalize the effects of the foreign judgment with the effects that are usually recognized to domestic decisions. Where a challenge of res judicata is raised before an international commercial arbitral tribunal, the lack of certainties concerning the application of conflict rules breeds even more complexities. Those authorities that represent international arbitration as an autonomous legal order suggest the adoption of a transnational approach to res judicata and recommend the development of a set of substantive transnational rules. Conversely, those who consider that the arbitral tribunal is strictly bound to the legal order of the seat of the procedure, suggest the application of a conflict of law rule, in order to identify the applicable domestic rules of res judicata. Both approaches, for different reasons, are not satisfactory. This dissertation suggests the adoption of a more pragmatic approach in the identification of the scope and the effects of res judicata in international commercial arbitration. To this purpose challenges of res judicata that raise issues of jurisdiction shall be clearly differentiated from challenges of res judicata that raise admissibility issues. Whenever issues of jurisdiction underpin a challenge of res judicata, the arbitral tribunal should adopt an approach coherent with the rules of the State of the seat. As a matter of fact, a violation of those rules could result in the annulment or the refusal of recognition of the award. Whenever issues of admissibility underpin a challenge of res judicata, as a rule the arbitral tribunal should apply the rules of the State of the seat and, specifically, the conflict of laws rules of the seat that regulate the recognition of foreign decisions. However, if the transnational nature of the arbitration is quite pronounced, and the procedure is not closely connected with any domestic legal systems, the arbitral tribunal might apply a «more transnational» approach. In any event, this approach shall not lead to the application of substantive transnational rules, but rather to the recognition of the original effects of the decisions invoked in the proceedings, except where the recognition of such effects violates the procedural public policy of the State of the seat.
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Schaffstein, Silja. "The doctrine of Res Judicata before international arbitral tribunals." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8665.
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There are currently no rules in international commercial arbitration law and practice assuring the coordination between (partial or final) arbitral awards and/or national court judgments rendered in identical or related cases. This lack of coordination is unsatisfactory, particularly in light of the ever-growing tendency of parties to submit their commercial disputes to international arbitration and the increasing complexity of international arbitration. Today, international commercial transactions and the disputes to which they give rise regularly involve multiple parties, contracts and issues. As a consequence, these disputes (or certain aspects of these disputes) are increasingly tried in multiple fora. In such circumstances, difficult issues regarding the res judicata effects of prior judgments or awards are likely to arise before international commercial arbitral tribunals. The central hypothesis underlying this research is that transnational principles of res judicata should be elaborated for international commercial arbitral tribunals. This solution is justified for several reasons. First, it is justified given the differences among domestic laws regarding res judicata and the difficulties surrounding the formulation of appropriate conflict-of-laws rules. Second, it avoids inappropriate analogies between international arbitration proceedings and litigation. Finally, the solution provides guidance and ensures a certain degree of fairness, certainty and predictability, which is expected by arbitration users. This PhD thesis seeks to achieve its aims in two stages: Part One examines the doctrine of res judicata in litigation, analysing the doctrine as applied in different domestic laws, as well as in private and public international law. Part Two will determine whether and to what extent the res judicata doctrine may be applied by international commercial arbitral tribunals. It will demonstrate that transnational principles of res judicata should be elaborated and will seek to formulate such principles.
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Apolín, Meza Dante Ludwig. "The implicit Res Judicata and the Right of Defense." IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122594.
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This article presents the analysis of the concept of the “implicit res judicata” and what problems it generates. To do this, the author analyzes what is traditionally understood by “objective limits” of “res judicata” and, from this; the true scope of the concept of “res judicata” implicitly will be established.Este artículo plantea el análisis del concepto de cosa juzgada implícita y los problemas que genera. Para ello, se analiza lo que tradicionalmente se ha entendido por límites objetivos de la cosa juzgada y, a partir de ello, se establecerá el verdadero alcance del concepto de cosa juzgada implícita.
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Zufelato, Camilo. "Overall profiles of the res judicata in the Brazilian Civil Procedual Law." IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123123.
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The purpose of this paper is offer to the reader, especially to the foreign reader, an overall picture of the res judicata en the Brazilian civil procedural law, with a special approach (not the only one) in the treatment to this topic by the Procedual Civil Code of 2015. The first part analyses a set of situaciones, quite peculiar actually, of the own authority of the res judicata along its shades; then, secondly, treats classical themes of the objective and subjective limits, and the peculiar regimen of the collective actions of the res judicata. Finally, the main is to analyze the overall profiles of the institute, without stopping in controversies or specifications regarding the perspective of the domestic law.El objetivo de este escrito es ofrecer al lector, especialmente al extranjero, un panorama general de la cosa juzgada en derecho procesal civil brasilero, con un enfoque especial (no el único) en el tratamiento dado al tema por el Código del Proceso Civil de 2015. La primera parte del texto analiza un conjunto de situaciones, bastante peculiares en realidad, de la propia autoridad de la cosa juzgada y sus matices; para luego en un segundo momento tratar temas clásicos de los límites objetivos y subjetivos, y el régimen peculiar de cosa juzgada de las acciones colectivas. Finalmente, el objetivo es analizar los perfiles generales del instituto, sin detenerse en polémicas o especificaciones propias de una perspectiva de derecho interno.
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Ramírez, Varela Lilia. "About constitutional res judicata and improper motivation in a corruption case senior civil servant." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115311.
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El auto y la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional que se reseñan y comentan resultan relevantes porque plantean un conflicto entre el principio de seguridad jurídica, de un lado, y el derecho a una debida motivación, el principio de no interdicción de la arbitrariedad, y el bien jurídico de la lucha contra la corrupción, de otro.
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Tavares, Francisco Francinaldo. "Relativização da coisa julgada material na investigação de paternidade." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2011. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=733.
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Não obstante a importância do instituto da coisa julgada, não se pode olvidar que a própria razão de existir de qualquer ordenamento jurídico tem como maior escopo a
efetivação da justiça. Por essa razão, não há como se admitir que um instituto, mesmo que se leve em conta a nobreza de sua finalidade, venha a albergar, processualmente, a perpetuação dos efeitos de sentenças inequivocamente
incompatíveis com a verdade real do caso posto à apreciação estatal. Sob essa premissa, o advento do exame do DNA trouxe à tona uma infinidade de julgados que retratam essa hipótese, eis que, ante a ausência do aludido teste científico,
determinados decisórios acabavam por atribuir a paternidade a quem, de fato, não a possui. A par dessa problemática, não se pode perder de vista que o reconhecimento da paternidade reflete um direito inerente à pessoa humana, quiçá,
o primeiro direito cuja tutela se pode pensar em pleitear. Assim, o presente estudo traça um paralelo entre o instituto da coisa julgada e o direito à paternidade, concluindo pela necessidade de que o primeiro seja relativizado, de modo a evitar a eternização de sentenças injustas. Em contrapartida, sugere-se que sejam traçados cuidadosos parâmetros de modo que não se possa desconstituir sentenças prolatadas em processos de investigação de paternidade, mesmo com trânsito em julgado, resgatando-se a segurança jurídica
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Marques, Lilian Patrus. "Contribuição crítica ao estudo dos limites objetivos da coisa julgada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-06032015-130030/.
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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo discorrer sobre os limites objetivos da coisa julgada e sobre sua eficácia preclusiva de forma crítica. Vive-se um momento de desconforto com relação ao instituto da coisa julgada material, na medida em que a estreiteza de seus limites objetivos permite o surgimento de decisões incompatíveis do ponto de vista lógico, e a eternização de determinado conflito de interesses, por meio do fracionamento da lide em diversos processos. O ordenamento jurídico brasileiro define os limites objetivos da coisa julgada com referência ao objeto da sentença e, indiretamente, ao objeto litigioso do processo. Essa opção denota que o sistema, em última análise, atribui às partes o poder de definir os contornos da coisa julgada, a despeito do forte interesse público que norteia o instituto. Com base nessas razões, alguns países europeus, cujos sistemas processuais foram construídos sob a tradição romano-germânica, têm, recentemente, procurado revisitar e redimensionar os limites objetivos da coisa julgada. Assim, este trabalho se debruça sobre possíveis alterações do sistema brasileiro, tanto para que a coisa julgada estenda-se aos fundamentos necessários da decisão, bem como para que a eficácia preclusiva da coisa julgada seja ampliada para abranger as causas de pedir que poderiam ter sido deduzidas na petição inicial e, no entanto, foram omitidas pelo autor. Tais mudanças são analisadas em prestígio à segurança jurídica e à economia processual, mas sem olvidar das discussões pretéritas, travadas desde o século XIX a respeito do tema. Algumas propostas de mudança dos limites objetivos e da eficácia preclusiva da coisa julgada, apesar de visarem a aumentar a segurança jurídica, paradoxalmente, podem ter efeito oposto, gerando ainda mais insegurança. Considera-se também a possibilidade de eventual mudança incrementar demasiadamente a complexidade dos litígios em que se discuta a existência de coisa julgada em seu sentido positivo e negativo. Esses inconvenientes de ordem teórica e prática são considerados nesta dissertação, bem como os impactos de eventual mudança sobre institutos correlatos à coisa julgada, especialmente o objeto do processo.The purpose of this paper is to critically discuss the objective limits of res judicata and its preclusive efficacy. We are living a time of discomfort in relation to the legal procedure of res judicata, to the extent that the narrowness of its objective limits enables the appearance of judgments that are incompatible from the logical viewpoint and the perpetuation of a certain conflict of interests, by means of the fractioning of the case in several proceedings. The Brazilian legal system defines the objective limits of the matter adjudged in relation to the judgment purpose and, indirectly to the litigation purpose of the proceeding. This option means that the system ultimately attributes to the parties the power to define the outlines of res judicata, despite the strong public interest that guides the legal procedure. Based on those reasons, some European countries the procedural system of which was built under the Roman-Germanic tradition have recently sought to revisit and reshape the objective limits of the matter adjudged. Accordingly, this work looks at some possible changes to the Brazilian system so that the matter adjudged is extended to the necessary grounds of the judgment, as well as to enable the preclusive efficacy of the matter adjudged to be expanded in order to reach the causes of action that could have been stated in the complaint but were omitted by the plaintiff. Such changes are analyzed with consideration for the legal certainty and procedural enhancement but without forgetting the past discussions conducted in the 19th century about the matter. Some proposals for change of the objective limits and of the preclusive efficacy of res judicata, although aiming at increasing legal certainty, paradoxically may have the opposed effect, generating even more uncertainty. It is also considered that an occasional change may excessively increase the complexity of those litigations where the existence of the res judicata is discussed in its positive and negative meanings. Those theoretical and practice inconveniences are taken into account in this paper, as well as the impacts of any change to the legal procedures related to the res judicata, especially the purpose of the proceeding.
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Hård, af Segerstad Rebecka. "Parters möjligheter att avtala om negativ rättskraft : Specifikt om supplerande moment i stadfästa förlikningar." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-175486.
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The Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (Rättegångsbalken, RB) states that a judgment has binding effects and that the same matter can not be tried twice (17 ch. 11 §). The rule expresses the concept res judicata. It exists to benefit the administration of justice and to an effective economy of justice administration. It also brings security to parties in knowing a conflict has come to a final end. Moreover, the regulation is supposed to direct parties to prepare with all means required, before engaging the court with their dispute. The inconvenience with 11 § is that it is not foreseeable. It can cause a matter, that has not been examined by the court, to be covered by the binding effects – given the legal consequence of the new motion is either the same or alternative and economically equivalent to the previous one. Res judicata then prevents a new examination of the matter, even though the practical causes differ. Thus, it can be questioned if 11 § indeed provides security and predictability to disputing parties. This legal state is a consequence of a vaguely formulated law, the way it is interpreted by the Swedish Supreme Court and in legal scholar. In this essay I examine whether the rule in 11 § is better suited to be formulated by disputing parties themselves, than exclusively through hard law. Should the possibilities for disputing parties to make procedural agreements be expanded, and accordingly allowing parties to gain further insight and control over the binding effects of 17 ch. 11 § RB? The method used to answer this question is legal dogmatics. On the basis of established sources within the Swedish legal system – such as the Law, its motives, rulings from the Swedish Highest Court and legal doctrine – legal dogmatics is sufficient to establish the current legal situation, de lege lata. At the same time the method provides room for a critical perspective on the legal system and opens up for a discussion on what form the legal system should take, de lege ferenda. The conclusion presented in the essay is this. In civil disputes the conflicting parties in question have a major impact over the trial’s framework, on the basis of the principle of dispositions. In accordance with this it is logical for the legal system to allow the parties also to have an influence over the binding effects of 17 ch. 11 § RB. Conflicting parties are in some aspects well suited to make procedural agreements, especially in the form of vindicated settlements. This model, if interpreted in the procedural legal system, could result in predictability for conflicting parties and benefit the economy of justice administration.
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Lindell, Adam. "Medlingsöverenskommelse som grund för res judicata : Singaporekonventionens inverkan på hanterandet av invändningar om ingångna medlingsöverenskommelser inom ramen för ett dispositivt tvistemål." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Affärsrätt, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-165363.
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Inom ramen för Förenta nationernas internationella handelsorgan United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) har en konvention om internationella medlingsförfaranden (Singaporekonventionen) antagits. Denna syftar till att harmonisera den internationella handelsrätten, särskilt avseende alternativa tvistelösningsmetoder. I Sverige finns sedan 2011 lagen om medling i vissa privaträttsliga tvister, som reglerar hela medlingsprocessen, från hur förfarandet ska gå tillväga till hur en eventuell överenskommelse kan erhålla status som en exekutionstitel. Denna status nås, enligt svensk rätt, genom att en domstol meddelar en verkställbarhetsförklaring. Vid en prövning av en ansökan om verkställbarhetsförklaring från parterna, ska en domstol meddela förklaringen om innehållet i avtalet är sådant att det kan verkställas i Sverige. Avseende dessa så kallade vägransgrunder, går Singaporekonventionen längre och tillåter att en domstol vägrar att förklara en överenskommelse verkställbar om avtalet på något sätt är ogiltigt. Följaktligen medför Singaporekonventionen en mer omfattande prövning för domstolen, i och med att fler faktorer behöver beaktas innan en verkställbarhetsförklaring meddelas. En annan konsekvens är å andra sidan att risken för materiellt oriktiga verkställbarhetsförklaringar undviks i högre utsträckning. Konventionen aktualiserar dessutom andra frågeställningar, nämligen hur en domstol ska hantera en invändning om att en medlingsöverenskommelse redan har avgjort saken som är föremål för talan i ett ordinärt, dispositivt, tvistemål. Överenskommelsen kan inte i sig utgöra en grund för att rättegångshinder föreligger, i och med att bestämmelsen om res judicata tar sikte på situationer där saken har varit föremål för en materiell prövning, vilket en ansökan om verkställbarhetsförklaring inte kan anses ha varit. Däremot medför en medlingsöverenskommelse en bevisverkan, i form av att parterna har avsagt sig att åberopa de eventuellt tillämpliga materiella bestämmelserna till förmån för det avtal som medlingsöverenskommelsen är ett uttryck för.
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Kobo, Mamputa Valata Hervé. "L'autorité de la chose jugée en contentieux administratif : une étude sur le rejugement." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CERG0882.
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La thèse a pour objet d’étude le rejugement. Plus généralement elle porte sur le sens que l’on donne à la notion d’autorité de la chose jugée en contentieux administratif. Cette notion est comprise, dans la thèse, comme signifiant que ce qui a déjà été jugé ne peut être rejugé. L’autorité de la chose jugée entraîne donc en principe l’interdiction de rejuger une affaire ou un élément d’une affaire qui a déjà été tranché par une juridiction compétente pour clore définitivement un litige ou le point du litige concerné. Or la thèse vise à démontrer que l’autorité de la chose jugée en contentieux administratif n’interdit pas toujours, en droit positif, sous réserve d’un noyau d’intangibilité, le rejugement des décisions de justice. Cette étude est intéressante pour trois raisons: Premièrement, il fait l'objet d'une grande actualité (succession de recours en contentieux des contrats administratifs, réception par le juge administratif des décisions rendues sur une question prioritaire de constitutionnalité par le Conseil constitutionnel ; articulation entre les décisions de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme et de la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne et de celles du juge administratif). Deuxièmement, ce sujet a été à peine étudié dans le contentieux administratif. Certaines notions (comme celles de procès, de jugement, de recours, de questions, d'irrévocabilité, d'opposabilité ...), certaines distinctions (autorité formelle / matérielle ; autorité négative / autorité positive) ont donné lieu à peu d'étude par la doctrine publiciste. Troisièmement, cette étude a pour ambition de tenter d'étudier sous un nouvel angle la notion d'autorité de la chose jugée. Cela implique de réfléchir à des conditions de stabilité des décisions de justice, ou encore sur le concept de sécurité juridique appliqué aux jugements. Ces notions ont été particulièrement analysées s'agissant des actes administratifs et non pas du point de vue des décisions de justice. L'idée est donc de procéder à une analyse comparative de ces deux grands types de décisions. Cette thèse peut contribuer à mettre en évidence des principes propres à la décision de justice et à réfléchir sur les fondements de l'autorité de chose jugée, que sont notamment la nécessité de rétablir la paix sociale entre les parties au procès, la bonne administration de la justice et la stabilité des situations juridiques. Ces fondements doivent être articulés avec le droit au recours et l'exigence de qualité de la justice. L'étude du rejugement devrait permettre également de mettre en avant la manière dont les juges administratifs conçoivent cette notion "d'autorité de la chose jugée" et qui pourrait être différente de celle des juges civils. Pour réaliser cette étude, il semble important de prendre en compte les différents éléments du droit du contentieux administratif, à la lumière des procédures civile et pénale, ainsi que de la procédure européenne. La recherche dans ces domaines se porte principalement sur les sources du 20ème et du 21ème siècles, d'un point de vue théorique et pratique. A travers cette analyse critique, la méthode retenue consiste à vérifier comment le concept et ses fondements sont appliqués et si la théorie correspond à la pratique. L'idée est d'essayer de développer un cadre en vue de simplifier la procédure pour le justiciable, pour la bonne administration de la justice et le service public de la justice.mots-clés : Autorité,Chose,Jugée,Contentieux,Administratif,RejugementThis thesis aims at the study of retrial proceedings, more specifically at the meaning of the concept of ‘res judicata’ in administrative litigation. This is understood as cases that have already been judged and therefore cannot be retried again. The principle of ‘res judicata’ implies a ban to retrial a case or a fact for the proceedings, which have already been settled by the competent court in order to definitely close the litigation or as a point of contention in the grievance concerned. Yet, this thesis aims at demonstrating that in administrative litigation if it exist a minimum reserve of intangibility, then the principle of ‘res judicata’ does not always ban the retrial of court decisions.This study is interesting for three reasons:First, it is a subject of great debate nowadays (successive actions in administrative contracts litigations; reception by the administrative judge of decided cases as priority preliminary ruling on constitutionality of the Constitutional Council; linkage to the decisions of the European Court of Human rights and to the Court of Justice of the European Union and those of the administrative judge).Second, this subject has been scarcely studied in administrative litigation. Some concepts of law (such as those of trial, judgement, action, question, irrevocability, enforceability…), some of the distinctions (formal authority/hardware authority; negative authority/positive authority) have not been the subject of extensive research by scholars in field of Public Law.Third, present the principle of ‘res judicata’ in a new light. This involves thinking about conditions for the stability of judicial decisions, and the concept of legal certainly applied to judgements. These concepts have been particularly analysed in terms of administrative acts but not in terms of judicial decisions. The idea is also to conduct a comparative analysis of these two main types of decisions.This thesis may help to clarify the principles of judicial decision and to think about the foundations of the authority of ‘res judicata’, which are particularly important in the social sphere to restore peaceful relations between the parties in the trial, for the proper administration of justice, and the stability of legal situations. These foundations should be contained with the right of recourse and the quality of justice. The study of retrial proceedings will also clarify the way in which the administrative judges perceive ‘res judicata’, which might be different than the one applied in civil courts.For this study, it seems obvious to take into account the different elements of Administrative Litigation Law, in the light of civil and penal procedures, and also European Procedure Law. The goal is to research in these subject areas using secondary 20th and 21st century sources, from a theoretical and practical point of view. And through this critical analysis see how the concept and its foundations are being applied and how the theoretical corresponds to the practical. The idea behind it is to try to develop a framework in order to simplify the procedure for the litigant, for the proper administration of justice and the public service of justice.mots-clés : Authority,Res,Judicata,Litigation,Administrative,Retrial
Books on the topic "Res judicata"
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McDermott, Paul A. Res judicata in Ireland. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.
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Bower, George Spencer. The doctrine of Res Judicata. 3rd ed. London: Butterworths, 1996.
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R, Handley K., and Turner, Alexander Kingcome, Sir, 1901-, eds. The doctrine of res judicata. 3rd ed. London: Butterworths, 1996.
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Gāṅgulī, Bāsudeba. Prāksiddhānta nīti =: Principles of res-judicata. Ḍhākā: Niu Oẏārsī Buka Karporeśana, 1992.
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Bangladesh, ed. Prāksiddhānta nīti =: Principles of res-judicata. Ḍhākā: Niu Oẏārsī Buka Karporeśana, 1992.
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Araújo, José Henrique Mouta. Coisa julgada progressiva & resolução parcial do mérito: Instrumentos de brevidade da prestação jurisdicional. Curitiba: Juruá Editora, 2008.
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Tesheiner, José Maria. Eficácia da sentença e coisa julgada no processo civil. São Paulo: Editora Revista dos Tribunais, 2002.
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Echeverri, Gloria Montoya. Cosa juzgada y estado constitucional. Medellín, Colombia: Universidad de Medellín, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Res judicata"
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Lowenfeld, Andreas F. "Jurisdiction, Enforcement, Public Policy and Res Judicata: The Krombach Case." In Intercontinental Cooperation Through Private International Law, 229–48. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-415-8_16.
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Baghrizabehi, Denis. "Searching for Res Judicata at the Edges of National Procedural Autonomy." In Diversity of Enforcement Titles in the EU, 195–227. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47108-7_8.
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Wambier, Teresa Arruda Alvim. "What is “Covered” by Res Judicata in Brazilian Civil Procedural Law: The Current Law and Perspectives of Change." In Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, 267–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21981-3_14.
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Di Bitonto, Maria Lucia. "The revolutionary impact of European Court of Human Rights case law on the idea of res judicata in criminal justice." In Courts and Judicial Activism under Crisis Conditions, 62–73. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003200666-6.
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Nazzini, Renato. "Remedies at the seat and enforcement of international arbitral awards: res judicata, issue estoppel and abuse of process in English law." In Transnational Construction Arbitration, 175–92. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Informa Law from Routledge, 2017. | Series: Lloyd’s arbitration law library: Informa Law from Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315271101-12.
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"14 RES JUDICATA." In Scottish Evidence Law Essentials, 111–12. Edinburgh University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781399519830-016.
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"14 Res Judicata." In Scottish Evidence Law Essentials, 115–16. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781474461290-016.
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"res judicata, n." In Oxford English Dictionary. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oed/2000148457.
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Barnett, Peter R. "The Parties in the Subsequent Proceedings." In Res Judicata, Estoppel, and Foreign Judgments, 61–86. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199243396.003.0003.
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Abstract It is one thing to recognise a foreign judgment and verify its status as a res judicata, but the benefits and burdens of a res judicata are confined to those who were party (or privy) to the judgment. This means that any attempt to rely upon the preclusive effect of that judgment in subsequent proceedings will only succeed if the parties or privies in the subsequent proceedings are identical to those involved in the proceedings giving rise to the res judicata.
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Barnett, Peter R. "The Extended Doctrine of Res Judicata based on Abuse of Process: the Rule in Henderson v Henderson." In Res Judicata, Estoppel, and Foreign Judgments, 183–244. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199243396.003.0006.
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Abstract In chs 4 and 5 above we considered cause of action estoppel, the former recovery plea enacted by the Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act 1982, s 34, and the plea of issue estoppel. These three pleas are classic res judicata pleas because it is fundamental to each of them that the very subject matter in controversy must itself have been rendered res judicata, this being evidenced by the reasons for judgment and/or the formal order of an earlier decision.
Conference papers on the topic "Res judicata"
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Пільков, К. М. "ПРИНЦИП RES JUDICATA: ІСТОРИКО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТ." In ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СУСПІЛЬНИХ ВІДНОСИН: ПЕРСПЕКТИВНІ НАПРЯМИ НА ШЛЯХУ ДО СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ. Liha-Pres, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36059/978-966-397-268-8-3.
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Ахмач, Г. М. "Правозастосування принципу res judicata при перегляді судових рішень за нововиявленими обставинами." In LEGAL SCIENCES: RESEARCH AND EUROPEAN INNOVATIONS. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-074-2-14.
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Goulart, Loreano José de Jesus. "Miscarriage of justice: State reparation and criminal review." In VI Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvimulti2024-037.
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Miscarriage of justice is a factor present in the judicial system, affecting the lives of countless people, who suffer directly from their conviction or indirectly from its repercussions. This paper aims to present a study on miscarriage of justice, especially focusing on errors resulting from criminal proceedings, seeking to demonstrate the State's responsibility to make reparations for errors in the provision of criminal justice. Using an interdisciplinary study of various areas of law and specific cases, the paper seeks to delve deeper into the reasons that may be determining factors in the erroneous outcome of the process. The paper is based on data research that allows for a deeper understanding of the problem, as well as on the analysis of the historical case of the Naves brothers and other cases of error. It also presents the Innocence Project program, from the USA and now in Brazil, whose role is to investigate and file review actions in cases where there was an error in the judgment of the criminal action. This research also delves deeper into the autonomous action of criminal review, which presents itself as one of the tools to repair the error and provide due compensation. The use of mechanisms such as adversarial proceedings are ways of reducing errors in actions; furthermore, the possibility of the procedural and constitutional system providing for reparation and compensation is a positive factor, and its application should be favorable to the detriment of res judicata.