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1
Ramos, Eduardo Morales. "Defence R&D expenditure : the crowding-out hypothesis." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251807.
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Cameron-Dow, Catherine. "Do dreams protect sleep? Testing the Freudian hypothesis of the function of dreams." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10242.
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Includes bibliographical references.A review of the literature indicates that a physiological function for dreaming has not yet been empirically established. Based on recent findings regarding the neural correlates of dreaming, this study tested the Freudian hypothesis that dreams protect sleep. In order to do this, sleep architecture in patients who had experienced dream loss as a result of thrombotic stroke in the region of the posterior cerebral arteries was compared with that of patients with the same pathology who had not experienced dream loss. Using medical records, structural neuro-imaging, clinical interviews, neuropsychological testing, analysis of subjective sleep quality, and polysomnographic data collected over two consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory, two non-dreaming and three dreaming cases were studied. Analysis of the individual case studies indicates that sleep was disrupted in both non-dreaming cases.
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Falcetta, Alessandro. "Testimonies : the theory of James Rendel Harris in the light of subsequent research." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343499.
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Jung, Hyung-Shik. "The impact of advertising and evidence on consumer judgments: An extension of research on hypothesis testing." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185518.
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Prior research on how advertising and product evidence interact in the formation of product evaluations shows that advertising induces higher consumer expectations, which in turn lead to a disposition to confirm when presented with product evidence. It has been argued that a hypothesis testing process is in operation in these situations. Specifically, consumers initially form some hypotheses about a product when exposed to ad information. Subsequently, when presented with evidence information, the consumers purportedly test their hypotheses to either confirm or disconfirm them. However, research on hypothesis testing has rarely specified the conditions under which advertising and product evidence will yield interaction effects, and has moreover been limited to ambiguous product evidence. This research extends previous hypothesis testing research by incorporating more general conditions of product evidence, such as unambiguous attribute information. In addition, this research extensively investigates the alternative processes involved in various conditions of advertising and evidence. Two types of advertising and evidence were explicitly incorporated in the study design: (1) attribute-oriented ad and quality-oriented ad, and (2) attribute-oriented evidence and quality-oriented evidence. A 3 (attribute-oriented ad, quality-oriented ad, and no-ad) x 6 (three types of attribute-oriented evidence, two types of quality-oriented evidence, and no-evidence) between-subjects design was used in the study. Study results show that ad and evidence factors have an interaction effect on product evaluations. These effects are attributable to confirmation or disconfirmation in matched modality of attribute ad and evidence. Alternative processes were hypothesized under different combinations of ad and evidence types. Results showed that processing mode was contingent on the type of ad and evidence. Subjects used a hypothesis testing process when an attribute ad and attribute evidence were of matched modalities. However, when provided with a quality ad and attribute evidence, subjects evaluated the brand as if they were provided with evidence alone. When quality evidence was preceded by either an attribute or a quality ad, subjects evaluated the brand through an assimilative encoding process. That is, when an impression of positive quality is formed by an ad, this encoded quality concept is retrieved and used to interpret incoming evidence information in an assimilative fashion. Supplemental measures of recall, individual attribute ratings, and brand extension evaluations support these inferred processes.
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Wilder, Michael Gregg. "Improving Hypothesis Testing Skills: Evaluating a General Purpose Classroom Exercise with Biology Students in Grade 9." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/427.
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There is an increased emphasis on inquiry in national and Oregon state high school science standards. As hypothesis testing is a key component of these new standards, instructors need effective strategies to improve students' hypothesis testing skills. Recent research suggests that classroom exercises may prove useful. A general purpose classroom activity called the thought experiment is proposed. The effectiveness of 7 hours of instruction using this exercise was measured in an introductory biology course, using a quasi-experimental contrast group design. An instrument for measuring hypothesis testing skill is also proposed. Treatment (n=18) and control (n=10) sections drawn from preexisting high school classes were pre- and post-assessed using the proposed Multiple Choice Assessment of Deductive Reasoning. Both groups were also post-assessed by individually completing a written, short-answer format hypothesis testing exercise. Treatment section mean posttest scores on contextualized, multiple choice problem sets were significantly higher than those of the control section. Mean posttest scores did not significantly differ between sections on abstract deductive logic problems or the short answer format hypothesis testing exercise.
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Denecke, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Hypothesis-based image segmentation for object learning and recognition / Alexander Denecke. Technische Fakultät. Research Institute for Cognition and Robotics." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, Hochschulschriften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1022029878/34.
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Wang, Zhong. "A UNIFYING HYPOTHESIS FOR THE MULTIPLE WAVEFORMS OF INFANTILE NYSTAGMUS AND THEIR IDIOSYNCRATIC VARIATION WITH GAZE ANGLE AND THERAPY." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1210605209.
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Pua, Shih Chia. "A review of multiple hypothesis testing in relation to the use of lateral cephalometric variables as the outcome measure in orthodontic research." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3028585/.
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Aim: To examine the extent of the multiple hypothesis testing and its correction in orthodontic research in relation to the use of lateral cephalometric variables as the outcome measure. Study design: A retrospective, observational study looking at a sample of published orthodontic articles (n=1688) over a two-year period from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2015. Data sources: Four major electronic databases namely PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus and EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source were electronically searched using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. Additionally, all issues of American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJODO), The Angle Orthodontist (AO), European Journal of Orthodontics (EJO) and Journal of Orthodontics (JO) were also hand-searched systematically. Both searches were carried out independently by first author (SCP). Review methods: Eligible articles were identified and reviewed independently by first author (SCP) to determine whether the articles tested greater than five hypotheses in at least one family of inferences with respect to the predetermined criteria. For articles meeting the criterion for multiple testing, type I error rates were calculated. Additionally, a statistical correction experiment using Bonferroni's method was applied to the reported results of the included studies. Additional information was collected on: study type (prospective/retrospective), journal classification (main/non-main orthodontic journal were classified based on 2015 SCImago Journal and Country Rank), region of authorship (Americas, Europe and Asia/others), number of researcher in the publication (1-4, 5-7 and 8 or more) and involvement of a statistician to examine whether these factors were associated with multiple testing correction. Results: Of the 139 studies associated with multiple testing, there was approximately 3 families of tests (per article) with an average of 20 hypothesis tests (range 5-47) using lateral cephalometric variables as the outcome measure (per family of tests). Only 40 publications (29%) considered the effect of multiple testing that these studies in some way have corrected or accounted for multiple testing. Within the studies that have not accounted for multiple hypothesis testing, there was a mean 58% chance of committing a type I error and, on average, 13% of the significant results were likely to be false positives. After the application of the Bonferroni's method in the correction experiment, only 47% of the significant results reported within the articles that remained significant. Studies published in the main orthodontic journals (AJODO, EJO, JO and KJO) were more likely to account for multiple testing (p=0.002). Handsearching was superior than electronic searching with 10% of papers (n=5) which were missed from electronic searching. Conclusions: Multiple testing is common in the orthodontic research especially in relation to the use of multiple cephalometric variables as the outcome measure. This study demonstrates that the risk of false positive findings is considerably high and only a minority of the articles that have in some way corrected or accounted for multiple testing. Therefore, this multiplicity issue in relation to the use of multiple cephalometric variables in a cephalometric study deserves a closer attention from researchers, reviewers and readers.
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Woods, Bradley Dean. "What’s still wrong with psychology, anyway? Twenty slow years, three old issues, and one new methodology for improving psychological research." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5208.
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Recent retrospectives of classic psychology articles by Meehl (1978) and Wachtel (1980), concerning problems with psychology’s research paradigm, have been viewed by
commentators, on the whole, as germane as when first published. However, no similar examination of Lykken’s (1991) classic criticisms of psychology’s dominant research
tradition has been undertaken. Twenty years on, this thesis investigates whether Lykken’s criticisms and conclusions are still valid via an exposition of three contentious issues in psychological science: the measurement problem, null hypothesis significance testing, and the granularity of research methods. Though finding that little progress has been
made, Observation Oriented Modelling is advanced as a promising methodological solution for improving psychological research.
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Cilliers, Frans Pieter. "Seisoensfluktuasies in Industriële produksie en die Aandelemark met spesiale verwysing na die Suid - Afrikaanse situasie." University of the Western Cape, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7781.
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Masters of ScienceIn 1976 Rozeff and Kinney found that seasonality exists in the monthly rates of return on the New York Stock Exchange with peak periods in January. By making use of this information and the fact that the rates of return lag real activity by one month, Chang en Pinegar (1986) indicated that rates of return unidirectionally predict future growth rates in industrial production for large companies. They also found that the seasonal growth rates in industrial production partially reflect the January seasonals in the rates of return for small companies. This is inconsistent with the efficient market hypothesis. Altough numerous studies in South Africa have been conducted on the efficiency of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, no one has departed from the viewpoint of seasonality. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of the Johannesburg stock Exchange with respect to seasonality in industrial production. It will be shown that there is no relationship between rates of return and real activity in the majority of sectors. The clothing sector is inefficient in the sense that real activity unidirectionally predicts rates of return three months in advance. At a six months lag period there are strong relationships, in both ways, between rates of return and real activity for this sector, that also implies inefficiency. Lastly it will be indicated that the November peaks on the Johannesburg stock Exchange do not coincide with the January peaks found overseas and that they do not lag real activity by one month. In the international research the attention was mainly focussed on the size of companies and stock price sensitivity to changes in industrial production while in this paper it focusses on different sectors.
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SUI, ZHENHUAN. "Hierarchical Text Topic Modeling with Applications in Social Media-Enabled Cyber Maintenance Decision Analysis and Quality Hypothesis Generation." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1499446404436637.
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Sharp, Melanie. "Validation of self-reports for use in contact research." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3ee1df93-1a91-4645-b298-d1d2a80853ff.
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The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether self-report measures of contact are valid for use in research testing the ‘contact hypothesis’. The vast majority of contact research has relied on the assumed validity of self-report methods of data collection (Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006), even though the potential weaknesses of self-report methodology generally have been well documented. This reliance is necessary, as self-reports remain the only practical method so far developed of measuring certain of the facilitating conditions developed by Allport (1954/1979), and particularly of direct and indirect cross-group friendship (Pettigrew, 1998; Wright, Aron, McLaughlin-Volpe, & Ropp, 1997). However, if self-reports are not a valid method for measuring contact, the derived implications of a large portion of the research effort are potentially flawed. This thesis attempted to address this important oversight, using a variety of methods to investigate whether the use of self-reports in future research on intergroup contact is appropriate. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrated that self-reports of contact show considerable resistance to context effects, particularly in comparison with self-reports of the more subjective construct of attitudes. Studies 3-5 demonstrated that self-reports of contact agree with the observer-reports of a single observer who knows the target intimately – the spouse or parent. Studies 6 and 7 replicate this agreement through the consensually supported observer-reports of three close friends of the target, thereby reducing any variance due to individual response biases. Finally, studies 8 and 9 demonstrate the concurrent criterion-related validity of self-reports of contact, in that they are able to predict contact on a very large online network called Facebook, on which real-world rather than purely online friendships are primarily represented. These findings offer considerable support for the validity of self-reports as a suitable method for measuring contact. As self-reports remain the only method which has thus far proven suitable for the measurement of those aspects of contact which are essential for exploration of the contact hypothesis, this thesis presents a very heartening and optimistic conclusion and supports the continued use of self-reports in contact research.
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Janse, Van Rensburg Roedolf Arnoldus. "Superior investment returns : the role of value-based investment / R.A. Janse van Rensburg." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4792.
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The strong form of the efficient market hypothesis (EMH) puts forward that it is impossible to achieve better than market results. Yet there are very famous investors, particularly a famous value based investor named Warren Buffett that have achieved better than market returns. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the role of value based investment in generating better than market or superior investment returns. The study was conducted both as a literature study and an empirical study. The objectives of the literature study were threefold. Firstly, to discover value based investment as part of a discussion on investment strategies. Secondly, to investigate the possibility of achieving better than market returns. Lastly, to investigate the role of value based investing in achieving better than market returns. Through the literature study, value based investment parameters were also identified for empirical testing. It was found in the literature that value based investing has a role to play in achieving superior returns. By way of the application of correlation-based research, as well as regression analysis it was found that there is significant statistical evidence to underscore that value based investment parameters can lead to superior returns.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.
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Motlhake, Malefsane Priscilla. "Non-compliance amongst T.B. patients at Moreteletsi Hospital." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312006-112314.
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Peťa, Tomáš. "Analýza povědomí o realitních kancelářích na našem trhu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223839.
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The diploma thesis is focused on the area of real estate agents. It deals with the analysis of awareness of the real estate offices with direct targeting on the real estate company Gaute a.s. It identifies the current situation on the real estate market and the respondents' satisfaction with the services offered. In the theoretical part, the reader is made familiar with key concepts related to the topic, followed by the analysis, which is composed of the performance of Gaute a.s. preparation questionnaire and evaluation. Based on the findings recommendations are proposed, which will serve to raise awareness of the real estate office.
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Milligan, Adam D. S. "The lateralisation of emotion in social mammals." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21171.
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The study of lateralisation has taken several forms ranging from investigating morphological asymmetries to research on lateralised motor and perceptual functions with many studies successfully evidencing lateralisation in a variety of species. This study, featuring three species (olive baboons, rhesus macaques, and spotted hyaenas) investigated visual field biases with the aim of determining whether emotional valence underpins these biases whilst also considering the influence of a number of other factors such as emotional intensity, age, sex, rank, and, for the first time, oestrus cycles (olive baboons only). This study aimed to establish whether Campbell’s (1982) Right Hemisphere Hypothesis or Silberman & Weingartner’s (1986) Valence Hypothesis offered the more valid theory for the lateralisation of emotion by considering interactions across the full spectrum of emotion – a question the almost exclusive investigation of negatively affective scenarios by previous studies has been unable to answer. Furthermore, this study provided a new methodology for investigating behavioural lateralisation by suggesting that separating the visual spectrum into five fields (extreme left, mid left, centre, mid right and extreme right) allows a more accurate insight into the lateralisation of visual perception than the traditional hemifield model. Finally, a more conservative method is proposed for analysing behavioural data in future studies from this field and suggests that these methods provide a more accurate representation of the lateralisation of emotion than those previously employed. A population-level left side bias was found for the spotted hyaenas, thus providing the first evidence of significantly lateralised behaviour in a large carnivore and, for this species at least, lending some support to Campbell’s (1982) Right Hemisphere hypothesis but as population-level biases were not found for either of the other species it may be premature to suggest this support is unequivocal. Significant age effects were found in two species as adult olive baboons and spotted hyaenas were both found to express significant left side biases. Spotted hyaenas were also found to express significant left side biases for females, dominant individuals, high intensity interactions, and sexual valence interactions whilst olive baboons expressed a significant left side bias during negative valence behaviours but no significant lateral biases were found in any context for rhesus macaques. In olive baboons behaviours performed by males and those of a low intensity were found to occur more frequently in the mid and central visual fields and neutral valence behaviours were less occurrent in the extreme visual fields whilst in spotted hyaenas sexual, positive and negative valence behaviours were significantly less centralised than neutral valence behaviours. Non-oestrus adult female olive baboons were significantly more strongly lateralised than in-oestrus females, thus suggesting an influence of sex hormones upon lateralisation that may also have been apparent from the hyaena data, particularly regarding the significant lateral biases observed for females and dominant individuals. Finally, this thesis discusses a number of methodological issues that were encountered during this study and provides recommendations for future research in this field. Namely, this thesis provides an updated method for calculating laterality bias that is much more suitable for species with binocular vision and details a novel method of assessing visual field preferences by considering central and peripheral visual fields as separate entities. Furthermore, this thesis suggests that the weighted method designed and implemented for this study provides a much more accurate methodological foundation for analyses which avoids the caveats that may have affected previous research and thus provides a considerably more robust template that should be encouraged for any similar subsequent studies.
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Horndahl, Hampus, David Petersson, and Gerhard sköldeholt. "Nedskrivning av Goodwill : Finns det skäl för företag att vara oroliga?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96905.
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The purpose of this thesis is to determine if impairment of goodwill is a value relevant factor to the investors in the companies listed on the Stockholm Large Cap stock exchange. This paper focuses on the annual reports from the 100 largest companies listed on the exchange. The empirical model used is Capital Market Research and Market Based Accounting Research which is derived from Positive Accounting Theory. Capital Market Research and Market Based Accounting Research are based on critical assumptions made in the Efficient Market Hypothesis which is why it has its own section in the theoretical chapter. The theoretical chapter contains extensive information regarding the components of goodwill, its uses in accounting and how it is meant to be dealt with. The analysis connects our empirical findings with our empirical model in order to draw conclusions from the output gathered in Minitab. Our analysis shows that only small proportions of the large quantities of goodwill on the Swedish stock exchange are impaired on a yearly basis. We also find that impairment of goodwill does not have a significant impact on market value, however goodwill itself does. Investors either do not view impairment of goodwill as value relevant, or the impairment was known beforehand and was therefore reflected in the price of the stock. Goodwill is considered value relevant most likely due to investors viewing the preeminence of goodwill as a sign that the company will draw benefit from the underlying assets for years to come. We conclude that impairment of goodwill is not a value relevant factor to the investors in the Swedish stock exchange, but that goodwill, and increasing goodwill is. The paper ends with suggestions for further research.Syftet med denna avhandling är att fastställa om nedskrivning av goodwill är en värderelevant faktor för investerarna på den svenska Large Cap-börsen. Denna avhandling fokuserar på årsredovisningarna från de 100 största bolagen som är noterade på denna börs. De empiriska modeller som används är kapitalmarknadsforskning och marknadsbaserad redovisningsforskning, vilka båda härstammar från positiv redovisningsteori. Kapitalmarknadsforskning och marknadsbaserad redovisningsforskning baseras på viktiga antagande gjorda i den effektiva marknadshypotesen, som har sitt egna avsnitt under teorikapitlet. Teorikapitlet innehåller omfattande information gällande komponenterna i goodwill, dess användning inom redovisning samt hanteringen av goodwill. Analysen kopplar samman våra empiriska fynd med vår empiriska modell i syfte att dra slutsatser kring resultaten som sammanställts från programmet Minitab. Vår analys visar att förhållandevis små mängder av de enorma goodwillposterna på den svenska Large cap-börsen skrivs ner på årlig basis. Vi finner också att nedskrivning av goodwill inte har någon väsentlig påverkan på bolagets marknadsvärde, vilket däremot goodwillposten i sig har. Antingen så ser inte investerarna nedskrivning av goodwill som värderelevant eller så var nedskrivningarna kända i förväg och således redan inräknade i aktiens pris. Att goodwill i sig är betraktat som värderelevant beror troligen på att investerarna ser innehavet av goodwill som ett tecken på att bolaget kommer dra nytta av dessa underliggande tillgångar under de kommande åren. Vi drar slutsatsen att nedskrivning av goodwill inte är en värderelevant faktor för investerarna på den svenska börsen, men däremot att goodwill och en ökning av goodwillposten är värderelevant. Uppsatsen avslutas med förslag till ytterligare forskning
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Cascio, Robert P. "Marketing innovation and firm performance research model, research hypotheses, and managerial implications." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4865.
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Further, these quantitative findings lend statistically and practically significant support for (1) the antecedent roles of marketing insight and marketing imagination, (2) the negative (as predicted) moderating role of product innovation radicalness, and (3) several specific inter-workings among the marketing-innovation spaces that that offer substantial research contributions to the marketing strategy literature for researchers and managers.; This research conceptualizes and develops a scale for the marketing innovation construct for the purpose of furthering research in marketing strategy. This marketing innovation construct and its associated strategic activities are clearly distinguished from product and process innovation, better enabling researchers and practitioners to identify new and updated paths from innovation to firm performance. Marketing innovation is defined as the degree of novelty in the implementation of three core business processes: (1) product development management, (2) supply chain management, and (3) customer relationship management, as identified in the Srivastava, Shervani & Fahey (1999) framework. Results from qualitative interviews indicate marketing innovation is developed and fostered by marketing insight and marketing imagination, and these relationships appear to be moderated by the market orientation of the firm. As conceptualized, marketing innovation is suggested to enhance firm performance via (1) the marketing-product space, (2) the marketing-process space, and (3) the marketing-relationship space. This enhancement process, however, is conjectured to be moderated by the degree of radical product innovation the firm is currently undergoing as well as the degree of process innovation the firm practices. A complete discussion of marketing innovation's antecedents, manifestations, and consequences is presented. A comprehensive research model, method, and results from an empirical study of qualified business executives, testing key relationships in the marketing innovation framework, are discussed. Empirical study results confirm marketing innovation's powerful ability to predict firm performance, even in the presence of a multiple of control variables.ID: 030422788; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 164-169).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Marketing
Business Administration
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Jones, Charles W. "Idea Generation and Hypotheses Development in Sport Management Research." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3962.
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Cripps, M. G. "Influence of natural enemies on Cirsium arvense — a biogeographic perspective." Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1411.
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Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (Californian, Canada, or creeping thistle) is an exotic perennial herb indigenous to Eurasia that successfully established in New Zealand (NZ) approximately 130 years ago. Presently, C. arvense is considered one of the worst invasive weeds in NZ arable and pastoral productions systems. The mechanism most commonly invoked to explain the apparent increased vigour of introduced weeds is release from natural enemies. The enemy release hypothesis (ERH) predicts that plants in an introduced range should experience reduced herbivory, particularly from specialists, and that release from this natural enemy pressure facilitates increased plant performance in the introduced range. In 2007 broad surveys were carried out in NZ and central Europe in order to quantify and compare growth characteristics of C. arvense in its native vs. introduced range. Additionally, permanent field plots were established in NZ and Europe where natural enemies were excluded with the use of insecticide and fungicide applications, and compared with controls (ambient natural enemy pressure). The impact of the specialist leaf-feeding beetle, Cassida rubiginosa Müller, which was recently released in NZ as a biological control agent against thistles, was also assessed. From the field surveys, significantly more endophagous herbivory was present in the native range compared to the introduced range, as predicted by the ERH. Endophagous herbivory in NZ was solely from the capitulum-feeding weevil, Rhinocyllus conicus (Frölich), and was only found in the North Island surveys. No stem mining attack was found anywhere in NZ. The proportion of shoots attacked by the specialised rust pathogen, Puccinia punctiformis (Str.) Röhl., was similar in both the native and introduced ranges. Interestingly, this has casted doubt on the idea that stem-mining vectors, such as Ceratapion onopordi Kirby, are important for transmission of the rust pathogen. Contrary to the ERH, there were no significant difference in plant performance between the native and introduced ranges, or differences could be explained by simple climatic factors. Climate tended to be more favourable for growth of C. arvense in NZ. In the permanent field plots in the native range, population growth of C. arvense was significantly greater where natural enemies were excluded, suggesting that insect herbivores and pathogens might have a regulating influence on the population growth of this plant. Furthermore, the probability of shoots transitioning to the reproductive growth stage was enhanced when insect herbivores were excluded, indicating that natural enemies might influence plant development. The biological control agent C. rubiginosa reduced the growth of C. arvense, although the impact of this herbivore was minimal in comparison to interspecific plant competition. Thus, although there is reduced specialist natural enemy pressure in NZ, the growth of C. arvense is not significantly different from in its native range. Nevertheless, there is some evidence that natural enemies in the native range might have a regulating influence on the population dynamics of the plant, and that the specialist herbivore, C. rubiginosa, can impact the plant in certain conditions.
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Schnuerch, Martin [Verfasser], and Edgar [Akademischer Betreuer] Erdfelder. "Improving statistical practice in psychological research: Sequential tests of composite hypotheses / Martin Schnuerch ; Betreuer: Edgar Erdfelder." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1207758213/34.
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Schnuerch, Martin Verfasser], and Edgar [Akademischer Betreuer] [Erdfelder. "Improving statistical practice in psychological research: Sequential tests of composite hypotheses / Martin Schnuerch ; Betreuer: Edgar Erdfelder." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1207758213/34.
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Occhipinti, Rossana. "In Silico Testing of Hypotheses for Brain Energy Metabolism with New Computational Models within a Statistical Framework." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1244144388.
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Schmillen, Justin Alan. "INFLUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS ON THE PARTICIPANT’S AFFINITY FOR NATURE." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/307.
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This study was conducted to determine the change, and the factors influencing the change, in the participant’s affinity for nature resulting from an environmental education experience. In addition, this study also examined the change and factors of change in aspects of the participant’s affinity for nature that directly relate to marine and coastal resources and environments. An adapted version of the Affinity for Nature scale, an outcome measuring instrument used by the American Camp Association was used to collect data from participants (n=529) at Rancho El Chorro Outdoor School and Camp Ocean Pines, whose experience included an overnight component and a marine science component in the curriculum. Comparisons of overall mean scores were used to determine if affinity for nature changed due to participation in the environment education program. Analysis of variance was used to determine which participant characteristic and experiential variables had a significant influence on affinity for nature index scores. Findings indicated that participation in environmental education experience had a positive change on affinity for nature scores. Residence, ethnicity/language, and gender were also found to significantly influence sense of community various affinity for nature index scores.
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KEEN, KRISTIN C. "Use Of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research Consortium Data Repository And Gene Expression Omnibus To Generate And Test Hypotheses For Biomarker Identification And Development." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1230840233.
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Steel, J. "The nature of prescription in cuisine : Research proposing a paradigm of metaphysical hypotheses as solution to the problem of menu prescription in the art of cuisine." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371981.
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Vũ, John Huân. "Software Internationalization: A Framework Validated Against Industry Requirements for Computer Science and Software Engineering Programs." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/248.
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View John Huân Vũ's thesis presentation at http://youtu.be/y3bzNmkTr-c.
In 2001, the ACM and IEEE Computing Curriculum stated that it was necessary to address "the need to develop implementation models that are international in scope and could be practiced in universities around the world." With increasing connectivity through the internet, the move towards a global economy and growing use of technology places software internationalization as a more important concern for developers. However, there has been a "clear shortage in terms of numbers of trained persons applying for entry-level positions" in this area. Eric Brechner, Director of Microsoft Development Training, suggested five new courses to add to the computer science curriculum due to the growing "gap between what college graduates in any field are taught and what they need to know to work in industry." He concludes that "globalization and accessibility should be part of any course of introductory programming," stating:
A course on globalization and accessibility is long overdue on college campuses. It is embarrassing to take graduates from a college with a diverse student population and have to teach them how to write software for a diverse set of customers. This should be part of introductory software development. Anything less is insulting to students, their family, and the peoples of the world.
There is very little research into how the subject of software internationalization should be taught to meet the major requirements of the industry. The research question of the thesis is thus, "Is there a framework for software internationalization that has been validated against industry requirements?" The answer is no. The framework "would promote communication between academia and industry ... that could serve as a common reference point in discussions." Since no such framework for software internationalization currently exists, one will be developed here. The contribution of this thesis includes a provisional framework to prepare graduates to internationalize software and a validation of the framework against industry requirements. The requirement of this framework is to provide a portable and standardized set of requirements for computer science and software engineering programs to teach future graduates.
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CHIH-HSIANG, HE, and 何智翔. "rational expectation-permanent income hypothesis- the research of taiwan." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06038794157979527503.
Full textAbstract:
碩士佛光人文社會學院
經濟學系
94
Abstrac This paper use Taiwan’s 1965-2003 quarterly data to discuss three factors: behavior of the consumer, cumulation of the income and the fluctuation of the interest rate. From rational expectation-permanent income hypothesis which is composed of the these three elements , We explore Campell & Mankiw(1990)’s model. The results was found : the parameter of income is negative from1997 first q to 1999 forth q . So from Taiwan 1980’s finance innovation effects, this make consumers gradually get rid of the underground-economic loaned behavior. Moreover, card-holder’s general consuming behavior explains that the public will produce the phenomenon of intertemporal consumption according to finance innovation liberalization day by day.
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Hung-Cheng, Hsieh, and 謝宏政. "A Research of Investor Mechanical Hypothesis on Employee Bonus." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33886912525130841016.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
會計學系
97
Employee bonus system had been established for many years in Taiwan. However, employee bonus had not been treated as corporate expense but as a distribution of corporate earnings. This accounting treatment was not in accordance with international accounting standards. Thus, the rule of non-expensing employee bonus has been eventually deleted due to the convergence with international accounting standards. However, invertors might not understand employee bonus that should be treated as expense in the income statement, rather than as a distribution of earnings in the statement of retained earnings at the beginning. Accordingly, investors did not consider the factor of director compensation and employee bonus in their investment decision-making so that there had been existence of mechanical hypothesis on employee bonus. Mechanical hypothesis means that investors apply the experiences in the past to interpret the net income without considering the effects of director compensation and employee bonus. This is the first research issue of the study. Secondly, investors should gradually be able to understand the essence of employee bonus over time. This is the second research issue of the study. Finally, investors should be able to fully recognize the essence of employee bonus in the year when the relevant laws amended, and they would not longer follow blindly the announced earnings by firms. This is the third research topic of the study. The sample period is from 1997 to 2007 for Taiwanese listed firms. The research results indicate that: (1) there was existence of mechanical reaction of Taiwanese investors on employee bonus and director compensation. The empirical results indicate that the coefficient of director compensation, employee cash bonus (BOARDCASHBONUS) and employee stock bonus (STOCKBONUS) were significantly positively to stock price. Investors still applied their past investment experiences to make current investment decisions. (2)Even though Taiwanese stock market had mechanical phenomenon on employee bonus, the degrees of the mechanical phenomenon had been decreasing over time. The combined-effect results show that investors adjusted stock price downward with the wide-spreading dispute of employee bonus. The downward effect becomes larger and larger through time. That is, with the development of the event, investors could gradually see through the essence of employee stock. (3)Taiwanese stock market investors did not have mechanical phenomenon in 2007. The combined-effect results show that investors have finally recognized the eroding effect of employee bonus on shareholders equity interests in 2007, and adjusted stock price downward.
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Jefferies, Craig Alan. "Fetal origins hypothesis in twin children : a metabolic evaluation." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5557.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores whether low birth weight affects glucose homeostasis and other aspects of the metabolic syndrome in twin children. The key parameter studied is insulin resistance, and whether insulin resistance is also associated with abnormalities in blood pressure or other aspects of the metabolic syndrome. This thesis is a comparison of twins to singletons, rather than being a study of these traits within twin pairs. The fetal origins hypothesis suggests that low birth weight ultimately is associated with adult onset diseases namely coronary heart disease, glucose intolerance and hypertension. All twins to a degree are born prematurely and with low birth weight. It is unclear whether their metabolism in later life reflects this, or alternatively reflects their uniqueness as twins irrespective of birth weight. This thesis reviews how adaptation for their unique fetal life has affected in particular, glucose homeostasis in twins. Insulin resistance has been consistently identified prior to the onset of both type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension and is also the primary metabolic abnormality persisting from programming of the undernourished fetus. Both small-for-gestational-age and prematurely born infants are insulin resistant when examined in mid-childhood. It has been postulated that this represents an attempt of the fetus to salvage itself from a state of inadequate nutrition. Twins when examined in this thesis are also shown to be insulin resistant, or to have a reduction in insulin sensitivity. This insulin resistance was independent of low birth weight and prematurity, and reflected a unique twin effect. Examing blood pressure precisely revealed that twins had increased night-time blood pressure, a feature also seen in a variety of pre-hypertensive states. However, there was no association between low birth weight and any 24 hour blood pressure monitoring parameter in twins. Twins also had elevated leptin levels but reduced TNF-alpha levels in twins irrespective of birth weight or prematurity. Twins have unique metabolic profiles which are not correlated with low birth weight, and twins should be considered an exception to the fetal origins hypothesis.Whole document restricted, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.
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Lu, Chia-Pei, and 呂嘉珮. "RESEARCH ON THE RELATION AMONG STOCK DIVIDEND, SIGNALING HYPOTHESIS AND STOCK RETURN IN TAIWAN." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c327jz.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
95
Since investors’ understandings of firms’ operations are limited, they have to rely on related information to judge their investments. The possible implicit information contents in the dividend policy are called Signaling Hypotheses. This study is based on the Signaling Hypothesis to explore whether stock dividend changes have information contents, firstly on electronic industrial listed firms and secondly on all other industries and conduct an empirical research by event study method. The empirical results are summarized as follows:1. The announcements of stock dividends trigger cumulative abnormal returns at certain times.2.After controlling over changes of cash dividends, the announcements of stock dividends spark cumulative abnormal returns at certain periods.3.After controlling over changes of cash dividends and P/E ratio, the cumulative abnormal returns of stock dividends payments this year have no relations to P/E ratio.4.After controling over changes of cash dividends and earning growth rate after tax last year, stock dividend payments have cumulative abnormal returns.5.After controlling over changes of cash dividends and earning growth rate after tax last year, earning growth rate after stock dividend payments does not necessarily have better performance.
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Finneran, Rosette. "The Selective Fossilization Hypothesis: A Longitudinal Study of English Language Learners' Persistent Errors." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-3pmm-xt33.
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Fossilization, the stagnation of second language (L2) learning despite propitious conditions, is an inescapable reality for virtually all L2 learners. The study presented in this dissertation has endeavored to contribute to our current understanding of fossilization by examining, both longitudinally and cross-sectionally, persistent errors in the writing of adult learners of academic English for whom Spanish is a first language (L1). The theoretical framework is the Selective Fossilization Hypothesis (SFH), introduced by Han in 2009, which offers an extrapolative and explanatory framework for analyzing persistent errors in the developing grammars of L2 learners.
This research was conducted in two parts. Part I consisted of a cross-sectional investigation of 60 English language learners (ELLs) grouped into three proficiency levels: low intermediate, high intermediate, and advanced. Part II was a longitudinal case study that followed two ELLs over a period of 28 and 56 months, respectively. For both parts of the study, naturalistic data consisting of college placement, diagnostic, and exit essays were collected at the research site, a large community college in the Northeastern United States, and analyzed quantitatively. Descriptive statistics were computed to identify persistent errors in the participants’ writing. Following that, the longitudinal data were subjected to further analysis, revealing robust evidence of selective fossilization both among and within the target subsystems of English articles, prepositions, and number, and offering empirical support for the SFH.
These findings have some implications for second language research and practice. By providing evidence of selective fossilization, they may help challenge earlier conceptualizations of fossilization as a global phenomenon, and, by extension, the myth of the ‘fossilized’ (‘unteachable’) learner. Additionally, they contribute to extant research on the developing academic writing of post-secondary learners, a population and genre largely underrepresented in the L2 research. Finally, by offering empirical support for selective fossilization and the SFH, they provide L2 practitioners with the means to predict and explain learner errors, enabling them to set more realistic learning goals and achieve more successful outcomes.
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(7491243), Wenyu Wang. "Sequential Procedures for the "Selection" Problems in Discrete Simulation Optimization." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
The simulation optimization problems refer to the nonlinear optimization problems whose objective function can be evaluated through stochastic simulations. We study two significant discrete simulation optimization problems in this thesis: Ranking and Selection (R&S) and Factor Screening (FS). Both R&S and FS are the "selection" problems defined upon a finite set of candidate systems or factors. They vary mainly in their objectives: the R&S problems is to find the "best" system(s) among all alternatives; whereas the FS is to select important factors that are critical to the stochastic systems.
In this thesis, we develop efficient sequential procedures for these two problems. For the R&S problem, we propose fully-sequential procedures for selecting the "best" systems with a guaranteed probability of correct selection (PCS). The main features of the stated methods are: (1) a Bonferroni-free model, these procedures overcome the conservativeness of the Bonferroni correction and deliver the exact probabilistic guarantee without overshooting; (2) asymptotic optimality, these procedures achieve the lower bound of average sample size asymptotically; (3) an indifference-zone-flexible formulation, these procedures bridge the gap between the indifference-zone formulation and the indifference-zone-free formulation so that the indifference-zone parameter is not indispensable but could be helpful if provided. We establish the validity and asymptotic efficiency for the proposed procedure and conduct numerical studies to investigates the performance under multiple configurations.
We also consider the multi-objective R&S (MOR&S) problem. To the best of our knowledge, the procedure proposed is the first frequentist approach for MOR&S. These procedures identify the Pareto front with a guaranteed probability of correct selection (PCS). In particular, these procedures are fully sequential using the test statistics built upon the Generalized Sequential Probability Ratio Test (GSPRT). The main features are: 1) an objective-dimension-free model, the performance of these procedures do not deteriorate as the number of objectives increases, and achieve the same efficiency as KN family procedures for single-objective ranking and selection problem; 2) an indifference-zone-flexible formulation, the new methods eliminate the necessity of indifference-zone parameter while makes use of the indifference-zone information if provided. A numerical evaluation demonstrates the validity efficiency of the new procedure.
For the FS problem, our objective is to identify important factors for simulation experiments with controlled Family-Wise Error Rate. We assume a Multi-Objective first-order linear model where the responses follow a multivariate normal distribution. We offer three fully-sequential procedures: Sum Intersection Procedure (SUMIP), Sort Intersection Procedure (SORTIP), and Mixed Intersection procedure (MIP). SUMIP uses the Bonferroni correction to adjust for multiple comparisons; SORTIP uses the Holms procedure to overcome the conservative of the Bonferroni method, and MIP combines both SUMIP and SORTIP to work efficiently in the parallel computing environment. Numerical studies are provided to demonstrate the validity and efficiency, and a case study is presented.
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"New Directions in Quantitative Hispanic Sociolinguistics." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.34812.
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abstract: The present thesis explores how statistical methods are conceptualized, used, and interpreted in quantitative Hispanic sociolinguistics in light of the group of statistical methods espoused by Kline (2013) and named by Cumming (2012) as the “new statistics.” The new statistics, as a conceptual framework, repudiates null hypothesis statistical testing (NHST) and replaces it with the ESCI method, or Effect Sizes and Confidence Intervals, as well as meta-analytic thinking. In this thesis, a descriptive review of 44 studies found in three academic journals over the last decade (2005 – 2015), NHST was found to have a tight grip on most researchers. NHST, much discredited outside of linguistics, confused authors who conflated the theories of Fisher and Neyman-Pearson, who themselves battled acrimoniously until the end of their publishing lives. Within the studies reviewed, with exceptions, dichotomous thinking ruled the quantitative approach, and binary reporting ruled the results and discussions. In addition, this thesis revealed that sociolinguistics, at least within the studies reviewed, is not exactly a “statistical monoculture” as suspected by Gorman and Johnson (2013), rather ANOVAs have joined Goldvarb’s logistic regression in its dominance. As described insightfully by Plonsky (2015), these two methods are exposed as extensions of the dichotomous thinking that attaches itself to NHST. Further, little evidence was found that the methods of the new statistics were being implemented in a coordinated fashion, including far too few meta-analyses. As such, quantitative Hispanic sociolinguistics, and linguistics in general, were shown to be vulnerable to problems with reliable quantitative theory building.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Spanish 2015
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邱煒恒. "Association between Research Development Cost and Stock Prices：A Test of the life cycle hypothesis(The Empirical for Taiwan Stock Market)." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37848920252630305792.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
商業教育學系
89
The objective of this paper is to investigate whether market response to research and development expense (hereafter R&D) is a function of firm life cycle stages. We hypothesize that response coefficients of firms’ R&D decrease from the growth to the stagnant portfolios .We divided samples into various life cycle portfolios based on methods developed by Anthony and Ramesh (1992). Consistent with our hypothesis, we documents that a montonic decline in the response coeffidients of unexpected R&D from the growth to the stagnant stages. After controlling for size and risk effects, the conclusion is still robust.
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Hitzelberger, Simon. "What effect do poison pills have on shareholder value? an empirical research on the adoption of poison pills." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/26192.
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Poison pills are controversial devices. There is no common conclusion how the market reacts to their adoption. This empirical study finds statistically significant, positive abnormal returns centred on the day of the adoption of the pill. Consequently, this paper argues in favour of the shareholder wealth maximization hypothesis, stating that poison pills protect shareholders by giving the management a superior bargaining position. Further sub-sample analysis shows that poison pill adoption with an unwelcomed takeover threat drive the positive results in the sample. Routine poison pills do not show clear positive abnormal returns at the date of the pill adoption. This conclusion coincides with similar results found by Schepker, Oh and Patel (2016).
Keywords: poison pills, shareholder wealth maximization hypothesis, market
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Rodseth, Wendy Sue. "The interdependence hypothesis: exploring the effects on English writing following an expository writing course in Zulu." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2071.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores Cummins' interdependence hypothesis in the South African context. The design is experimental, involving Zulu primary language writing instruction to explore whether skills taught in Zulu composition classes transfer into English expository writing. The intervention and control groups were drawn from two ex-Model C high schools and the focus was on measuring use of coherence and cohesion in English essays. Quantitative findings showed, although the intervention group's writing skills did not improve significantly, they did not decline. By contrast, the control group's writing skills declined significantly. A more qualitative investigation of the corpus supports the statistical findings. However, because of the limitations of this study, more research is required into Cummins' hypothesis, bilingual programmes and teaching academic writing skills in African languages. It is hoped that this research design will benefit future researchers investigate the current debate about the efficacy of bilingual and multilingual approaches to education.Linguistics
M. A. (Applied Linguistics)
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Chen, Pei-Lin, and 陳霈霖. "The research of two issues the purchased satisfaction and the loyalty of brand from the virtual channel to the consumer-- taking the consumer of luxury watches as a hypothesis." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11627577604373552330.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
管理學院碩士在職專班運輸物流組
98
This research is studied with the purchased satisfaction and the loyalty of brand from the virtual channel to the consumer--taking the consumer of luxury watches as a hypothesis.The main purpose of this research is discussed that generating satisfaction and brand loyalty whether because of the brand rise to the confidence of demographic of consumers,when buying luxury watches in virtual channel. This research is based on the simplified model proposed by Howard and Sheth as a framework , and the behavior pattern of the customers who shop through virtual distribution to discuss the satisfaction degree and brand loyalty to the distribution. By utilizing the questionnaire survey, there were total 408 effective questionnaires. We test our hypothses by Chi-square Test、Variance Analysis and Regression Analysis. The findings from this research are as below: (1)There is a difference from the shopping recognition among the different consumers in virtual channel. (2) There is a difference among the different consumers in the shopping motivation. (3)There is a difference in the shopping attitude among different consumers in the virtual channel. (4)The satisfaction of the channel can influence of the brand loyalty channel positively. Lastly, this research also gives the virtual channel the suggestion on practice and the future direction of research.
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Alizamir, Saed. "Essays on Optimal Control of Dynamic Systems with Learning." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8066.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation studies the optimal control of two different dynamic systems with learning: (i) diagnostic service systems, and (ii) green incentive policy design. In both cases, analytical models have been developed to improve our understanding of the system, and managerial insights are gained on its optimal management.
We first consider a diagnostic service system in a queueing framework, where the service is in the form of sequential hypothesis testing. The agent should dynamically weigh the benefit of performing an additional test on the current task to improve the accuracy of her judgment against the incurred delay cost for the accumulated workload. We analyze the accuracy/congestion tradeoff in this setting and fully characterize the structure of the optimal policy. Further, we allow for admission control (dismissing tasks from the queue without processing) in the system, and derive its implications on the structure of the optimal policy and system's performance.
We then study Feed-in-Tariff (FIT) policies, which are incentive mechanisms by governments to promote renewable energy technologies. We focus on two key network externalities that govern the evolution of a new technology in the market over time: (i) technological learning, and (ii) social learning. By developing an intertemporal model that captures these dynamics, we investigate how lawmakers should leverage on such effects to make FIT policies more efficient. We contrast our findings against the current practice of FIT-implementing jurisdictions, and also determine how the FIT regimes should depend on specific technology and market characteristics.
Dissertation
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Watson, Susan Jane. "The congruency hypothesis : a closer look at its components : interpersonal and achievement-oriented personality and life events : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Massey University." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1560.
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This research involved an examination of Beck's congruency hypothesis (1983). There were three studies, each examining an assumption that underpins the congruency hypothesis. There were two groups of participants: 61 remitted depressives and 61 university student controls, who were followed for a 1-year period. The first study stemmed from Blatt's theory that interpersonal and achievement-oriented personality styles are independent and enduring, arising from different early childhood experiences. It investigated individuals' perceptions of the parenting style they had experienced in the first 16 years of their life and how these related to their current personality style. Overall, an achievement-oriented personality style (self-criticism) was predicted by maternal protectiveness in the university student sample and by a lack of maternal warmth in the clinical sample. No relationship between perceptions of early parenting and an interpersonal personality (dependency) was found. The second study comprised two parts. The first examined the stability of personality over the 1-year examination period. This was seen as an important test. For personality to be a vulnerability factor or diathesis in terms of the congruency hypothesis, it must be stable over time. The second part of this study investigated whether any significant changes in personality over time were predicted by recent negative life events that had been experienced. The results showed that all of the personality constructs investigated (sociotropy, autonomy (solitude, independence), dependency, self-criticism) were stable over the 6-month period. However, during the 12-month period, there was a significant decrease in mean scores on sociotropy for the university students group and a significant decrease in mean scores on sociotropy and dependency for the remitted depressives group. For the remitted depressives group, change in dependency was predicted by stress resulting from negative life events as rated by an independent research team (objective stress) but not by participants' own ratings of the stressfulness of these events (subjective stress). In research testing the congruency hypothesis, life events are routinely classified as being either sociotropic or autonomous. The third study investigated the validity of this practice. The results of this study demonstrated only partial support for the a priori procedure for classifying events in this way. Across samples (university students and remitted depressives) and measures (self-reported and interview measures of life events), participants did not consistently rate events as sociotropic or autonomous in line with their own personality styles. Throughout the research, many of the methodological shortfalls that were identified as being present in prior research on the congruency hypothesis were addressed. Notably, comparisons were made between the different samples (student versus clinical) and measures (self-report versus interview) used. The results of the current research differed depending on the choice of sample and the type of measures used. For example, in some instances, significant results were found only when the stressfulness of an event was rated by the research team (objective stress) rather than by the participants themselves (subjective stress). However, it is subjective stress that is most commonly used in previous research on the congruency hypothesis. This choice could well contribute to the many non-significant results found in this area of study. These and other methodological issues are taken into account, examined, discussed, and recommendations for future research are made.
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Onyiuke, Young Sook. "Childhood music education in Nigeria a case study /." Thesis, 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10132006-135624/.
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Risenga, Arthur. "Predictive effect of the relationship between debt-instruments and the usage of savings tools by consumers." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11907.
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This study seeks to show that a higher usage of debt instruments by consumers with limited available funds leads to the usage of savings tools to finance debt costs, which subsequently results in lower levels of savings. This was espoused by the literature on PFM and also proven by the test results from the research hypotheses that were computed by means of a logistic regression. The test results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between the usage of debt instruments and the usage of savings tools. An emphasis is placed on the importance of savings as an integral component of the PFM concept: it is namely seen to be indispensable to good financial planning to ensure current and future consumer financial security. Therefore, this study concludes by highlighting the importance of consumers’ financial- management skills in minimising debt costs to increase levels of savings by controlling higher consumption expenditure through debt.Business Management
M. Com. (Business management)
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Hsin-HsiungChang and 張信雄. "Data-Driven Generation of Medical-Research Hypotheses in Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68002360762922984062.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
醫學資訊研究所
104
Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare data shows that catastrophic illness care accounts for about thirty percent of the total healthcare expenditure, wherein the cost of cancer care is the highest. Reducing the psychological burden of patients with catastrophic illnesses and the cost of national health insurance is pressing. Most studies do not explore the relationship between cancer and other catastrophic illnesses. Moreover, the most important part of medical research is the hypothesis. If we have a good hypothesis, we can design experiments and verify it. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the relationship between cancer and catastrophic illnesses. Then, we use those relationships as hypotheses in clinical medicine research. We hope this method can help physicians quickly and correctly find research hypotheses. We also want to identify the association between cancer and other catastrophic illnesses, to remind healthcare workers and cancer patients that cancer patients may suffer from other catastrophic illnesses, and to reduce national health insurance expenditures. This study was designed to capture data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database, using an association-rule method to identify the associations between cancer and other catastrophic illnesses, while consulting with a medical expert. We used these relationships as hypotheses in clinical medicine research, and finally verified the associations by cohort study. This experiment was divided into two parts. In the first part, we used the Apriori algorithm to find associations between cancer and other catastrophic illnesses. In the second part, we used these associations as medical-research hypotheses and designed cohort studies to verify them. The result showed that patients with renal cell cancer are more likely to suffer from dialysis than patients without renal cell cancer (Log-rank P 〈 .001). In this study, we proved that the association-rules method could help clinical physicians quickly and correctly obtain clinical-medicine hypotheses. Those patients with renal cell cancer and lung cancer are more likely to suffer from dialysis and long-term ventilator dependent respiratory failure. We reminded healthcare workers and cancer patients that cancer patients can easily suffer from other, subsequent catastrophic illnesses.
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Achten, Michael. "Die fehleranalytische Relevanz der prädominanten Spracherwerbshypothesen." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AECC-B.
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Parkins, Grant M. "Connecting high school students to research testing blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) settlement and educational outcome hypotheses /." 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11282005-215056/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Han, Baoguang. "Statistical analysis of clinical trial data using Monte Carlo methods." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4650.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)In medical research, data analysis often requires complex statistical methods where no closed-form solutions are available. Under such circumstances, Monte Carlo (MC) methods have found many applications. In this dissertation, we proposed several novel statistical models where MC methods are utilized. For the first part, we focused on semicompeting risks data in which a non-terminal event was subject to dependent censoring by a terminal event. Based on an illness-death multistate survival model, we proposed flexible random effects models. Further, we extended our model to the setting of joint modeling where both semicompeting risks data and repeated marker data are simultaneously analyzed. Since the proposed methods involve high-dimensional integrations, Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) methods were utilized for estimation. The use of Bayesian methods also facilitates the prediction of individual patient outcomes. The proposed methods were demonstrated in both simulation and case studies. For the second part, we focused on re-randomization test, which is a nonparametric method that makes inferences solely based on the randomization procedure used in clinical trials. With this type of inference, Monte Carlo method is often used for generating null distributions on the treatment difference. However, an issue was recently discovered when subjects in a clinical trial were randomized with unbalanced treatment allocation to two treatments according to the minimization algorithm, a randomization procedure frequently used in practice. The null distribution of the re-randomization test statistics was found not to be centered at zero, which comprised power of the test. In this dissertation, we investigated the property of the re-randomization test and proposed a weighted re-randomization method to overcome this issue. The proposed method was demonstrated through extensive simulation studies.
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KOŘÍNEK, David. "Výuka a výchova v horolezectví." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52934.
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The work follows training and education in climbing. At first, the theoretic part introduce climbing like a unit and show its history and sections. Then follows education, climbing rules, ethics and nature protection. At last, there are present climbing informations, completed with theory, practise and methodology of climbing education. The practical part is focused on concrete dates gaining about training and education in clubs of Czech mountaineering association and confirming the truth of research hypotheses made according to the theoretic part. The work is generally aimed to introduce a process of training and education in climbing and give actual informations about it, prooved by research.
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AŠKOVÁ, Tereza. "Specifika mluvy matek malých dětí." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-364486.
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This diploma thesis follows my bachelor thesis in which the mother slang was described. This diploma thesis is aimed at the performance of the mother speech research, i.e. the use of specific expressions and language resources used by mothers of small children in Internet discussions in relevant forums or web pages. The diploma thesis aims at creating a questionnaire and establishing five hypotheses. The first part of the thesis describes the methodology of this research, in the following part there are presented the data obtained by the questionnaire survey. The hypotheses are verified in the following section, and the hypothesis testing procedure is described here. The appendix includes the questionnaire and a table of critical values that specifies the data that are needed for verifying hypotheses.