Academic literature on the topic 'Reserve Mining Company'

PT. Bintang Delapan Mineral is an active nickel mine company that produces 300,000 tons of nickel per month by open pit method. During the mine operation, the company needs to calculate the reserves periodically due to decreasing nickel reserves in the long time period. Mineral reserves estimation is a process to determine and define the grade and boundary of a mineral deposit. Reserves estimation can be done manually using several methods. One method is called block modeling which presents the estimation process in block model type by applying a mining software, called Surpac 6.3.2. It was able to present the progress of mine site activity (pushback). The result of nickel reserves estimation by Surpac 6.3.2 block modeling is 48730 m3 or equal to 73096 tons. The nickel reserves have an average grade of 1.64%. By this reserve estimation, mine sequences could be created into 7 sequences in considering bench height. Bench model specifications are bench high 4 m, berm 2 m, and 60º slope.

Even though Indonesia was famous due to its mineral resources, only few gold mining companies is listed in the Indonesia stock exchange. In the other hand, there is a need to increase investment in the mining sector from stock market as reserve has been stagnant while production keeps going. To understand the nature of published gold mining companies, this study is conducted to analyze the effect of published operational parameter: ore processed, gold production, mining grade, process recovery, as well as external factors such as gross-domestic product and gold price to the share return of public listed gold mining companies. From panel data regression of quarter reports of eighteen (18) world mining companies in the period 2012 to 2017, it shows that process recovery and gold price is significant to the change of share price. Furthermore, the study finds that when operational parameter of existing mines can be good and positively increase, mining companies still need to look at their reserve to ensure sustainability of the business in the long run. Key Words: Public Listed Gold Company, Share Return, Panel Data Regression, Operational Parameters, External Factors

The radiological state of the land and water areas constantly attracts public interest. Specially protected natural reservations deserve special attention when it comes to studying radiological conditions. This study presents findings of radioecological investigations conducted in the Kostomuksha State Nature Reserve in 2012 – 2015. The Kostomuksha Mining Company, which is developing the Kostomuksha iron ore deposit was identified as a potentially hazardous facility that might affect the radioecological situation in the naturel reserve, since production of iron ores at the deposit involves extraction to the ground surface of acid rocks characterised by a naturally high content of radioactive elements (granitic gneiss). Furthermore, several sources of radioactive radon gas have been identified within the reserve boundaries. The study included investigation of natural and anthropogenic radioactivity in the environmental components of the nature reserve and adjacent territories, including soil, plants, bottom sediments, ambient air and natural waters. It was found that development of the Kostomuksha iron ore deposit and operations of the mining and processing plant do not exert any considerable impact on the radiological situation in the nature reserve. Data obtained during the study indicate that the overall radiological situation in the reserve is acceptable and meets the relevant radiation safety standards. High levels of radiocesium were found in the moss and bottom sediments of the nature reserve, which requires additional research to determine a wider pattern of distribution of anthropogenic radioactivity across the adjacent territories and to study the processes of buildup and migration of radionuclides in aquatic organisms of Kamennoye Lake.

Tests for bioaccessibility are useful in human health risk assessment. No research data with the objective of determining bioaccessible arsenic (As) in areas affected by gold mining and smelting activities have been published so far in Brazil. Samples were collected from four areas: a private natural land reserve of Cerrado; mine tailings; overburden; and refuse from gold smelting of a mining company in Paracatu, Minas Gerais. The total, bioaccessible and Mehlich-1-extractable As levels were determined. Based on the reproducibility and the accuracy/precision of the in vitro gastrointestinal (IVG) determination method of bioaccessible As in the reference material NIST 2710, it was concluded that this procedure is adequate to determine bioaccessible As in soil and tailing samples from gold mining areas in Brazil. All samples from the studied mining area contained low percentages of bioaccessible As.

Indonesia is the rich country of mine, such as gold, silver, petroleum, mine, etc. Management of mine should be done by government or private. Every mining company obligated to get license as regulated in the Regulation Number 4 Year 2009 about Mineral Mining Juncto the Government Regulation Number 23 Year 2010 about the Implementation of Mineral Mining. In fact, not all companies have license. There are so many companies operate illegal. One of them is gold mining without license (PETI). The specification of the research is descriptive analytic. The methods used are normative as primary approach and juridical empiric method as secondary approach. The sources of data are secondary and primary. The techniques of collecting data uses field study by interviewing for the primary data and library study for the secondary data. Then, the data analyzed qualitatively in descriptive qualitative form. From the research results obtained several conclusions: First, the effective of investigation gold mining without license by Directory of Reserve Special Criminal of West Sumatera Police based on the data got can be seen clearly effective because from 3 (three) cases all has been investigation and submitted to Court. Second, the obstacles faced by Directory of Reserve Special Criminal of West Sumatera Police in executing of gold mining without license (PETI) in South Solok Regency consist of: (a) no synergy in supporting the law enforcement together between instances and other because the agents of gold mining without license (PETI) are backed up by law enforcer, government until traditional viewers; and (b) limited tool such as no double garden cars or boat to reach field and no communication satellite which can be operated in the unreached location by phone signal.

ABSTRAKKonservasi mineral dan batubara merupakan salah satu aspek yang diamanatkan oleh Undang-Undang Minerba untuk mewujudkan kaidah teknik pertambangan yang baik (Good Mining Practice). Konservasi minerba adalah upaya dalam rangka optimalisasi pengelolaan atau pemanfaatan sumber daya mineral dan batubara secara terukur, efisien, bertanggung jawab, dan berkelanjutan. Objek-objek yang menjadi target pengelolaan pelaksanaan konservasi mineral dan batubara sesuai Lampiran VII Kepmen ESDM No. 1827 K/30/MEM/2018 meliputi recovery penambangan, recovery pengolahan, batubara kualitas rendah, mineral kadar rendah, mineral Ikutan, sisa hasil pengolahan dan pemurnian, serta cadangan marginal. Kegiatan pertambangan timah di Indonesia berada di wilayah Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung dan Kepulauan Riau. Kegiatan ini dimulai sejak era kolonial Belanda yang ditandai dengan berdirinya "Banka Tin Winning Bedrijf" (BTW) di Belitung dan Singkep. Penambangan dilakukan oleh perusahaan swasta Belanda yaitu “Gemeeenschappelijke Mijnbouw Maatschappij Biliton” (GMB) dan “NV Singkep Tin Exploitatie Maatschappij” (NV SITEM). Kedua perusahaan ini berubah nama menjadi PT Timah, Tbk. Kegiatan pertambangan timah nasional mengalami pasang surut seiring dengan menipisnya cadangan timah karena eksploitasi yang sudah berlangsung lama dan perubahan terhadap kebutuhan saat ini maupun masa depan timah di dunia perindustrian. Untuk menjaga keberlanjutan kegiatan penambangannya, PT Timah, Tbk melakukan berbagai inisiatif diantaranya pelaksanaan konservasi dengan mengoptimalkan cadangan marginal, pemanfaatan sisa hasil pengolahan, penambangan mineral kadar rendah dan mineral ikutan. Saat ini PT Timah, Tbk mulai melakukan inventarisasi kembali cadangan timah yang sebelumnya ditinggalkan dan melakukan estimasi ulang untuk dikategorikan sebagai cadangan marginal. Potensi tambahan cadangan timah ini berasal dari bekas penambangan yang tidak tuntas maupun dari bekas penambangan tanpa ijin. Selain itu, PT. Timah, Tbk juga melakukan pendataan, inisiatif pengelolaan, dan rencana pemanfaatan untuk sisa hasil pengolahan, mineral kadar rendah dan mineral ikutan dengan aplikasi ketersedian teknologi saat ini. Beberapa upaya yang terus dikembangkan untuk tetap menjaga keberlanjutan industri pertambangan timah dan pengembangan timah primer adalah dengan pengembangan metode penambangan baru seperti borehole mining (BHM) dan inovasi metode penambangan yang sudah ada seperti cutter section dredges (CSD). Pelaksanaan hal-hal tersebut diatas adalah upaya nyata yang dilakukan oleh PT Timah, Tbk untuk melaksanakan konservasi mineral dan mendorong terwujudnya kaidah teknik pertambangan yang baik. Dengan pelaksanaan konservasi mineral dan dukungan dari seluruh stackholder, baik Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung dan PT. Timah, Tbk maka diproyeksikan kegiatan pertambangan timah nasional dapat terus bertahan dan berkelanjutan untuk menunjang industri timah nasional.Kata Kunci: konservasi minerba, timah, cadangan marginal, sisa hasil pengolahan, mineral kadar rendah, mineral ikutan, pengelolaanABSTRACTMineral and coal conservation is one of the aspects mandated by the Minerba Regulation to embodies the principles of Good Mining Practice. Mineral and coal conservation is an effort to optimize the management or utilization of mineral and coal resources in a measured, efficient, responsible and sustainable. Objects that are targeted for mineral and coal conservation in accordance with Attachment VII of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree No. 1827 K / 30 / MEM / 2018 comprise of restoration mining recovery, processing recovery, low quality coal, low grade minerals, gangue minerals, residues from processing and refining, and marginal reserves. Tin mining activities in Indonesia are mainly in the provinces of the Bangka Belitung Islands and Riau Islands. This activity began in the Dutch colonial era marked by the establishment of "Banka Tin Winning Bedrijf" (BTW) in Belitung and Singkep. Mining is carried out by a Dutch private company, "Gemeeenschappelijke Mijnbouw Maatschappij Biliton" (GMB) and "NV Singkep Tin Exploitatie Maatschappij" (NV SITEM). These two companies then merged into PT Timah, Tbk. Tin mining activities in Indonesia experienced the ups and downs through the depletion of tin reserve due to lifelong exploitation and changes in the current needs and the future of tin in the industrial world. To ensure the sustainability of its mining activities, PT Timah, Tbk has conducted a variety of initiatives such as conserving by optimizing marginal reserve, utilizing the residue of processed products, mining low grade minerals and accompanying gangue minerals. Currently PT Timah, Tbk starts to carry out an inventory of the previously abandoned reserves and re-estimates to be categorized as marginal reserves. This potential additional on tin reserves are comes from mines that are incomplete or from ex-mining activity without permits. In addition, PT. Timah, Tbk also conducts data collection, management innitative, and utilization plans for processing residues, low grade minerals and gangue minerals with current technology applications available. Some efforts that are continually being developed for the sustainable development of the tin mining industry and primary tin development are by developing new mining methods such as borehole mining (BHM) and innovate in existing mining methods such as cutter section dredges (CSD). The implementation of the above is a real effort made by PT Timah, Tbk to carry out mineral conservation and encourage the realization of good mining practice. With mineral conservation and the support from the stockholders, the Bangka Belitung Islands Provincial Government and PT. Timah, Tbk, it is projected that tin mining activities in Indonesia can be maintained and sustainable to support the national tin industry.Key Word: Coal and mineral Conservation minerba, tin, marginal reserve, residual of processing and refining, Low grade mineral, gangue mineral,management

Maintaining high productivity of mining equipment is one of the key tasks in achieving the necessary competitiveness level at a coal mining company. As the coal stocks are becoming more and more complicated, the requirements for the quality of coal are raising and global price volatility is increasing, mining enterprises should operate more effectively than ever. The purpose of the study is to reveal and analyze reserves for raising effectiveness of exploiting the potential of excavator and automobile complex on a coal mine, and to develop organizational measures on their implementation. On order to achieve this goal the authors applied the following methods: chronometric observations to determine rational parameters of the cycles of loading and transportation of rock mass, the production experiment method to compare performance of excavator and automobile complex under different organizational conditions, working day photography to study the structure of the working day of the staff, graphic modelling of the working routine of excavator and automobile complex to reveal the opportunities for improving the consistency and rhythm of excavation and transportation. As a result, the study revealed unproductive work time of excavator and automobile complex which can be reserve for raising effectiveness of exploiting the equipment by 15–40%. In order to reduce loss of work time and to increase productivity of excavator and automobile complex the authors point out two directions: 1) higher quality of work conditions including improvement and maintenance of working platforms and roads; establishing appropriate traffi c routes; further training of excavator and truck drivers; 2) effi cient management of excavation and transportation in operation during a shift by means of controlling the rhythm of production.

Abstract CM is a globally renowned machine, designed to work as a mass production technology for underground coal. Different major coal producers across the globe are using this technology for decades to produce underground coal efficiently. India is also one of the major players globally in the arena of coal production and adopted this cutting edge technology since last decade by implementing at. few of the selective underground coal mining projects. Performance of CM technology is influenced by the geo-mining condition, fleets of other ancillary units and reliability of subsystems while implementation of this system depends largely on the extent of reserve. These aspects generate a scope of large scale research and development in this field. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is the parameter to benchmark the equipment performance globally. OEE is the product of equipment availability, performance and product quality. This mining machine based paper focuses on the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) of the complete CM based operation to identify the vulnerable systems, which helps to design proper preventive maintenance programme. The CM based system is divided into few subsystems, such as; electrical, cutter, gathering arrangement, traction, hydraulic, chassis, feeder breaker, shuttle car, CM conveyor and out-bye conveyor. The downtime data used for this analysis is collected from an underground coal mine situated in the central part of India, belongs to one leading coal producing company of the country. From analysis it was found that, electrical systems and conveyors are among most vulnerable systems and deserves more care during maintenance. On the basis of these results recommendations are made to redesign the Preventive Maintenance Programme, in order to avoid the lower availability as well as lower OEE.

In last decades, Rare Earth Elements (REEs) have assumed a fundamental importance in the electrical and electronic (EE) industry because of the increasing interest in low-carbon and smart technologies. The availability in limited areas of the globe, the complexity in extraction processes and the high costs affecting their valorization negatively influence the supply chain at such a point to jeopardize the future EE equipment offer. This issue is particularly acute in Europe, that imports all REEs, especially from China, the current leader of the market. In order to contrast that dependence and ensure a stable future demand, industrial stakeholders have started an innovative path aimed to recover REEs from EEE waste. The promotion of policies and measures or circular economy has also boosted the application of urban mining concept. Cities are conceived as reserve of minerals but applied research s still in its infancy. Only 1% of REEs is actually recovered. The contribution of the fluorescent lamps is the most challenging lower because of the presence of hazardous substances, however, it can deliver the highest pure rare-earth oxides. This work represents a preliminary multi-criteria analysis aimed to assess the feasibility of launching an urban mining project based on the valorization of REEs from fluorescent lamps. The article summarizes the activity done by the Italian WEEE company DISMECO in collaboration with the University of Bologna to test the valorization of fluorescent lamps powders and provide recommendations to a more profitable after-use economy in this field.

Iron was a key component of steel, and steel was essential for industrial and military purposes. Postwar concerns about iron depletion led American mining interests to promote technologies and tax incentives to exploit taconite ore bodies. As the Reserve Mining case shows, taconite required expensive new processing technologies to be profitable, while creating new environmental consequences, particularly concerning finely ground tailings and the use of water. As taconite iron ore mining boomed in the Lake Superior basin in the three decades after World War II, faith in cooperative pragmatism began to clash with new industrial developments and new understandings of pollution mobility.

By the late 1950s, the taconite boom that Reserve Mining Company stimulated was having a profound effect on the region’s economy, just as the pulp and paper boom had stimulated the Canadian economy along Lake Superior. Towns thrived; new cars filled the parking lots where well-paid union workers toiled in the taconite facilities. Schools improved, funded by abundant tax receipts. Harms to the lake from the taconite boom were subtle and hard to pin down whereas the benefits were clear to see: jobs for miners and economic development for the region. Throughout the 1950s, as evidence accumulated that taconite was causing pollution problems, state agencies continued to insist that the industry was harmless. Only after scientists found that asbestos had been mobilized from taconite disposal into the drinking water and bodies of urban residents distant from the disposal site did the federal and state governments question the risks from taconite.