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Academic literature on the topic 'Reserved seats'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Reserved seats"

1

Wang, Vibeke, and Mi Yung Yoon. "Recruitment mechanisms for reserved seats for women in parliament and switches to non-quota seats: a comparative study of Tanzania and Uganda." Journal of Modern African Studies 56, no. 2 (2018): 299–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x18000174.

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AbstractTanzania and Uganda are among the most cited countries employing reserved-seat quotas. They adopted these quotas in 1985 and 1989, respectively. However, the two countries use different mechanisms to recruit reserved-seat members of parliament (MPs). Drawing on interview data from Tanzania and Uganda, this study compares the two models in terms of their effectiveness in facilitating the transfer of female MPs to non-quota seats in subsequent elections, thereby furthering women's sustainable representation. We find that the Tanzanian model is superior because it compartmentalises quota MPs in reserved seats less than the Ugandan model. The Ugandan model creates a gendered perception that constituency seats are for males and quota seats are for females – as if each sex has a distinct category of parliamentary seats. This perception affects each step of the switch to a non-quota seat, from the decision to switch to party nominations to voters’ decisions at the polls.

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Singh, Shilp Shikha, and Manjur Ali. "Are Reserved Constituencies Dalit Centric? Experience from Uttar Pradesh." Studies in Indian Politics 7, no. 1 (2019): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321023019838652.

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In the state of Uttar Pradesh, Dalits have largely been elected only from the reserved seats, and their representation from non-reserved seats has remained negligible. Apart from ensuring political presence, how do reserved seats impinge on the Dalit politics within the constituency? Who determines the election outcome in the reserved seats? The article argues that in the reserved seats of the State of Uttar Pradesh, Dalit votes remain at best adjunct votes, to the core support base of the respective parties. There is evidence of systemic political backlash from non-Dalit voters against Dalit voters in reserved constituencies. Various parties play a significant role in orchestrating this backlash to help their candidates win. The weak position of the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), the party of Dalits in the reserved seats, is an indication of such a backlash. This backlash is largely aimed at the dominant Dalit group, the Chamars, who are treated as political untouchables by one and all, across caste and class.

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Imtiyaz, Aisha, and Fakhruz-Zaman. "Evaluating Reserved Seats as a Measure of Substantive Representation for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes through the Analysis of Parliamentary Questions in the Lok Sabha (1999–2016)." Contemporary Voice of Dalit 11, no. 2 (2019): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455328x19859661.

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The provision of reserved seats for scheduled castes and tribes (SC/ST) in legislative bodies has been celebrated as one of the most empowering measures for them to overcome historical disadvantage. However, historical trajectory of reserved seats for SCs/STs suggests that key players like Ambedkar preferred separate electorate, multi-member constituencies and double vote as measures of effective representation for SCs over simply reserved seats with the joint electorate. It was out of political compromise in the face of Gandhi’s fast unto death that Ambedkar accepted reserved seats with a double vote from which double vote was taken out later. As per the general assumption, the presence of SCs representatives in decision-making bodies makes the voices of their community better heard. This study attempts to empirically know the ‘representativeness’ of SC/ST members of legislative bodies as far as substantiveness of their representation is concerned by comparatively analysing parliamentary questions raised by them and non-SC Members of Parliament (MPs) on the issues concerning SCs. Our analysis confirms a positive relationship between reserved seats and number of questions asked on SC/ST interests by the reserved seat MPs. However, several other factors like party affiliation, membership in ruling or opposition party and ideology appear to affect SC/ST MPs’ ability to represent their community.

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King, Ronald F., and Cosmin Gabriel Marian. "Minority Representation and Reserved Legislative Seats in Romania." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 26, no. 3 (2012): 561–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325412441493.

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Approximately 32 nations currently use reservation of legislative seats for minority voices, whether by race, ethnicity, language, religion, or territory. Romania has among the most extensive and complicated arrangement of reserved seats, with 18 different ethnic minorities currently provided special parliamentary representation. This paper addresses two key political issues: how is it determined that there exists a valid ethnic minority deserving of recognition with a reserved seat? What are the political consequences from the broad allocation of reserved seats? The paper understands a reserved legislative seat as a distributive good over which rival claimants assert contested title. The state has incentive to avoid controversial choices although this is not always possible. Incumbent interests have incentive to restrict competitive entry without appearing to violate the principles of open inclusion. As seen through the Romanian case, the regime consequence from this dynamic tends to be clientele politics, in which minority organizations emerge segmented, dependent, and relatively powerless, yet simultaneously satisfied that they can guarantee by means of state subsidies the foundations for group identity.

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Prodip, Mahbub Alam. "Exclusion Through Inclusion: Institutional Constraints on Women’s Political Empowerment in India and Bangladesh." World Affairs 184, no. 2 (2021): 213–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00438200211013017.

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This comparative case study uses qualitative data to explore and analyze the institutional obstacles that women in reserved seats face to their political empowerment in the Gram Panchayat in India and the Union Parishad in Bangladesh. The findings reveal that women in reserved seats in both countries confront some fundamental institutional barriers, such as a masculine model of politics, lack of political party support, as well as lack of power and resources. Indian women face serious problems—the inclusion of ex-officio members, the rotational system, bureaucratic dominance, and partisan elections—whereas Bangladeshi women suffer from the unequal distribution of reserved seats under a quota policy and lack of clarity in rules, power, and provisions. A lack of financial resources limits the effective participation of women members in the decision-making process in both countries. Further institutional reforms are vital to ensure women’s political empowerment through reserved seats in both countries.

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Zuber, Christina Isabel. "Reserved Seats, Political Parties, and Minority Representation." Ethnopolitics 14, no. 4 (2015): 390–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2015.1032007.

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REYNOLDS, ANDREW. "Reserved Seats in National Legislatures: A Research Note." Legislative Studies Quarterly 30, no. 2 (2005): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298005x201563.

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Abdullah, Farhad Hassan, and Hawre Hasan Hama. "Minority Representation and Reserved Legislative Seats in Iraqi Kurdistan." Contemporary Review of the Middle East 7, no. 4 (2020): 381–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347798920939821.

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Ethnic and religious minorities have played a significant role in the long history of Kurdistan. At an official level, their political position was significantly strengthened with the advent of autonomy for the Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq in 1992. Most importantly, a quota system was established that reserved seats for several minority groups in the Kurdistan Parliament, often cited as an example of tolerance for diversity and respect for minority rights. Nevertheless, there is a lack of empirical research examining how ethnic and religious quotas affect democratic stability, quality of representation, and opportunities to represent authentic interests within the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). The politicians who occupy the reserved seats have come under criticism for merely supporting the policy programs of the dominant Kurdish parties, which deprives ethnic and religious minority groups of authentic representation and exposes the minority parties to allegations that they are politically exploited. This article analyzes the dynamics of minority political participation in Iraqi Kurdistan, how representation has been affected by the dominance of the ruling parties, and factors that guide the behavior of minority politicians while serving in quota-allocated positions. It also examines the effects of reserving seats through the quota system on the political behavior of minority groups. To these ends, this article focuses on parliamentary quotas and their impact on democratic stability, decision-making, and the empowerment of minority groups in the Kurdistan Region.

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Vasermanis, Edgars K., Nicholas A. Nechval, Konstantin N. Nechval, and Kristine N. Rozite. "OPTIMAL AIRLINE SEAT INVENTORY CONTROL FOR MULTI‐LEG FLIGHTS." Aviation 8, no. 4 (2004): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16487788.2004.9635883.

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Airline seat inventory control is about “selling the right seats to the right people at the right time”. In this paper, the problem of determining optimal booking policy for multiple fare classes in a pool of identical seats for multi‐leg flights is considered. During the time prior to departure of a multi‐leg flight, decisions must be made concerning the allocation of reserved seats to passengers requesting space on the full or partial spans of the flight. It will be noted that in the case of multi‐leg flights the long‐haul passengers are often unable to obtain seats because the shorter‐haul passengers block them. For large commercial airlines, efficiently setting and updating seat allocation targets for each passenger category on each multi‐leg flight is an extremely difficult problem. This paper presents static and dynamic models of airline seat inventory control for multi‐leg flights with multiple fare classes, which allow one to maximize the expected contribution to profit. The dynamic model uses the most recent demand and capacity information and allows one to allocate seats dynamically and anticipatorily over time.

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Batto, Nathan F. "Female Electoral Success in Taiwan Using sntv with Reserved Female Seats under Authoritarianism and Democracy." International Journal of Taiwan Studies 2, no. 1 (2019): 111–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24688800-00201006.

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There is a debate over whether democracy is beneficial to female representation. Taiwan’s experience supports Krook’s (2013) contention that democracy may be necessary for gender quotas to produce sustainable female representation. Taiwan has employed gender quotas in single non-transferable vote (sntv) elections since the early 1950s, but this same system has had markedly different effects when embedded in different contexts. During the authoritarian era, female representation stagnated and the women who won often needed to invoke the reserved seat rule. After democratisation, women won larger seat shares and needed to invoke the reserved seat rule far less frequently. Parties were the critical actors, since with multiparty competition parties had an incentive to cultivate female political talent in order to prevent competing parties from winning seats at a discount. This paper analyses sntv electoral results in Taiwan from 1954 to 2014 in six different types of national and local elected assemblies.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reserved seats"

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FitzGerald, Michael. "Indigenous Party Formation and Success: The Strategic Roles of Reserved Seats, Parties, and Horizontal Accountability." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5269.

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More than twenty legislatures reserve a portion of seats for ethnic minority groups, often in an attempt to prevent violent conflict and redress historical oppression. The intention of reserved seats coincides with indigenous group objectives--to achieve political representation while maintaining autonomy. Yet the formation and electoral success of indigenous parties does not always follow adoption of a reserved seat system. I explain this inconsistency by taking reserved seats as a necessary but insufficient condition of indigenous party formation, and arguing that two additional conditions must be met to motivate indigenous groups to form a viable party: the failure of the existing party system to respond to group interests and the failure of grievance resolution mechanisms to fairly adjudicate disputes between indigenous groups and the state. I compare this model of indigenous party formation to three case studies--Colombia, New Zealand, and Taiwan--each with a reserved seat system for indigenous peoples but nonetheless exhibiting different levels of indigenous party formation and success. This research makes three significant contributions: it explores how indigenous groups strategically balance autonomy and participation; it suggests reconsidering how indigenous party formation and reserved seats are conceptualized by rational choice approaches; and it points to new ways of thinking about how elites can manipulate reserved seats to cultivate state legitimacy and enforce minority group assimilation.

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Stendahl, Ludvig. "Fighting Corruption: A Cross-National Study on the Effect of Reserved Legislative Seats for Ethnic Groups on Corruption." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-274164.

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The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between reserved seats for ethnic groups in national legislatures and corruption. In 2008, over 30 countries were reserving seats for ethnic groups in their national legislature. The share of seats that was reserved ranged from a 2 percent reserved seats arrangement for a small ethnic minority, to a 100 percent reserved seats power-sharing arrangement between two or more ethnic groups. By applying theories of informal power, this essay hypothesizes that reserving seats reduces corruption. In contrast to the theory, an initial bivariate regression shows that reserved seats are associated with higher levels of corruption. However, when controlling for conflict history, democracy, ethnic fractionalization, GDP/capita, fuel exports, newspaper circulation, and region, this association turns into a negative one, indicating that reserved seats might reduce corruption. The main finding of the study is that having less than 25 percent of the total amount of legislative seats reserved for ethnic groups reduces corruption more than having no reserved seats at all or more than 25 percent reserved seats. This suggests that certain types of reserved seats arrangements are useful for fighting corruption.

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Brown, Sylvester H. "Army Reserve training seat allocation." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FBrown.pdf.

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Mattijo-Bazugba, Angelina Julius. "Politics of gender quotas : what accounts for the relative success of gender quotas in the first South Sudanese elections?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9756.

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The first South Sudanese elections in 2010 returned high proportions of women parliamentarians (32 per cent), largely as a result of gender quota provisions. In the case of post-conflict countries such as South Sudan, processes of political restructuring and constitutional ‘engineering’ can present opportunities for issues of women’s political representation to be institutionalised through gender quota laws. However, the gap between formal laws and their implementation in practice can result in uneven outcomes, particularly in the context of deeply entrenched patriarchal attitudes and customs. Furthermore, whilst the comparative literature underscores the importance of factors such as institutional environment, ‘goodness of fit’, and sanctions for non-compliance in explaining successful outcomes, such elements are routinely absent in sub-Saharan Africa. It is important, therefore, to explain the apparent success story of gender quotas in South Sudan. There are few in-depth stories of the implementation of gender quotas. As such, the mix of formal rules and informal norms that plays out in a particular context – i.e. the rules-in-use – has been asserted rather than captured in practice. The thesis argues that tracing these micro processes is particularly important in post-conflict cases where formal political institutions are fragile and embryonic. The thesis aims to: a) tell the story of the adoption and implementation of gender quotas in South Sudan; b) identify key actors (including political parties), institutional processes, practices, and exogenous and endogenous factors contributing to success; c) explore the role of rules-in-use in implementation; and d) problematise the ‘success’ of quotas and future prospects for women by examining formal and informal institutions and their design. The study employs documentary analysis, interviews and observation methods, using a broadly institutionalist approach. Intensive fieldwork in South Sudan was conducted for one year from July 2010 to 2011, including informal discussions and briefings with political, religious and local government elites, female parliamentarians, and experts in the media, international development and academia. The thesis argues that political institutions are gendered, and therefore the understanding of adoption and implementation processes and norms is crucial to understanding both the success and shortfalls of gender quotas. It argues that political elites matter because they frame popular mandates, strategic discourses and the authoritative drive for quotas. Analysing the interaction between old and new institutions, the thesis shows the impact of legacies on outcomes. It argues that institutional design matters because the use of reserved-seat quotas had unintended consequences which diluted the impact of gender quota on the wider system by concentrating women. Although women are not formally confined to quota seats, in practice female aspirants seeking mainstream candidacies encountered considerable resistance, demonstrating the existence of informal norms which constrained their access to political power. The success of gender quotas is fragile and future prospects for women’s representation are uncertain. Gender quotas are constitutionally enshrined and there is continued evidence of rhetorical support. However, the new political institutions are deeply permeated with traditional norms and power dynamics that blunt the reformist potential of quotas and reinforce the gender status quo. The thesis provides a benchmark study of women and political recruitment in South Sudan and contributes a new empirical case to the comparative gender quotas literature, as well as to the regional literature on gender in post-conflict contexts.

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"“Stand For” and Deliver? Reserved Seats, Ethnic Constituencies, and Minority Representation in Colombia." Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.35423.

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abstract: This project is a comparative exploration of the connection between descriptive representation and the substantive and symbolic representation of ethnic minorities: do Afro and indigenous representatives effectively “stand for” group members by introducing identity and empowering descriptive constituents? Featuring reserved seats for both minority groups, Colombia is an ideal case. In combination, the institutional design of reserved seats and the tradition of mestizaje and racial democracy add complexity to analyzing these populations. Consequently, in order to assess minority representation this work adds to extant representational theory by taking into account the crystallization of minority constituencies across elections. I use quantitative and qualitative data to comparatively assess the use of reserved seats for integrating minority identity to the deliberative process and measuring empowerment impacts for minority-majority municipalities. This data includes an original dataset of electoral outcomes across seven cycles (1990-2010) and transcripts of congressional plenaries spanning three legislative periods (2002-2014). I take into account constituency dynamics identifying the concentration and geographical sources of votes in minority districts. These outcomes translate to expectations of representative behavior, hinging on the theoretical belief that constituency dynamics act as signals of legislator accountability to minority constituents. This dissertation is located at the intersection of the comparative politics literature on minority quotas and representation, on one hand, and ethno-racial minority politics in Latin America, on the other. I find that ongoing electoral reforms have impacted constituency outcomes in post-reform cycles. More importantly, I observe that reserved representatives from both groups have integrated identity into deliberative processes often, but that only in the case of indigenous representation has the use of identity in plenaries been responsive to constituency variables. In addition, empowerment effects are identified in indigenous-majority communities that have strong linkages to minority districts, while the same empowerment cannot be conclusively identified in Afro-majority communities.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Doctoral Dissertation Political Science 2015

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Yang, Chun-Hao, and 楊峻豪. "The Impact of SNTV and Female Reserved Seats Systems on Women's Political Participation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35591101836849919038.

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碩士<br>世新大學<br>行政管理學研究所(含博、碩專班)<br>99<br>The increasing women’s political participation has become a tread around the world. The research reviews the stitutaion of gender’s participation in Taiwan, in order to realize the gender participation proportion in election. The research foucs on 2005 to 2010 local councilor elections of Taiwan. The elections are used the SNTV (Single Non-Transferable Vote) and the female reserved seats systems. The research analyzes the impact of SNTV and female reserved seats on women's political participation, and other important factor. The research adopts statistical methods, and consinder the factors, including years, partys, district magnitudes, female reserved seats and regions. The research tries to find the correlation between the candidate gender and election, and compares the percentage of votes obtained. Finally, the research provides the policy recommendations, and academic reference value, according to the empirical analysis.

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Chen, Hung-Wei, and 陳宏瑋. "Examining the Substantive Gender Equality from CEDAW- Including the Female Politics Reserved Seats Systems." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82jq56.

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碩士<br>中國文化大學<br>法律學系<br>103<br>In recent years, women's rights and gender equality issues have attracted attention worldwide. Women are no longer a "Socially vulnerable group". Their rights should be substantively equal to men's rights. If we need to get rid of the historically unbalanced structure between the rights of men and women, we must examine which existing Gender Equality concept is the most appropriate for our society. However, it is impossible to find the appropriate concept for our society overnight. In order to understand international trends, this article will combine the CEDAW, which is the most relevance document to this concept and was internalized into the law system in our country at 2012, and J.Y. Interpretation, which is of the highest legal status in our country. We will compare the two concepts relating gender substantive equality, and analyze unique affirmative action in CEDAW in order to seek for the gender equality concept which is not only in compliance with international trends but also fits our society. Moreover, this article will explore "affirmative action", which is a new and relatively unfamiliar concept to our law system. So far in our country, only "Female Politics Reserved Seats Systems" is similar to the concept. Therefore, we will discuss the concept, and hope that through introduction and exploration of women's suffrage protection, the concept of gender equality which is combined from CEDAW and J.Y. Interpretation, can be put into action in our society. In addition, we also make an effort to review the concept’s feasibility in our society hoping it may help us make some useful proposals for our women's suffrage safeguards systems. Finally, we will also use this opportunity to re-examine the concept and prospect of gender equality by viewing mainstreaming gender policies and the "HeForShe" campaign, which is promoted by UN Women recently. We hope this article can be helpful for our country to achieve substantive gender equality.

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Huang, Yu-Sin, and 黃玉忻. "Gender Awareness, Female Reserved Seats Systems and Political Participation :Cases Study on Taiwanese Female Legislators." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ven8xj.

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碩士<br>中國文化大學<br>中山與中國大陸研究所中山學術組<br>101<br>The study is focusing on the female legislators in Taiwan, and analysis the following issues: first, the choice of gender roles and the identification of gender consciousness; second, their perspective on Female Reserved Seats Systems and Social Welfare System; third, the cognition and attitude about gender equality and gender mainstreaming. This research discovers that, in internal environment, liberal feminism and socialist feminism have reciprocal impacts on the thought of the female legislators, but the difficulty playing family role is not a significant factor. And the family-caring problem does not have significant impact on political participation. In external environment, the female legislators consider that Taiwanese women have enough competency, but the real gender equality in Taiwan is not sufficient enough today. As a female legislator, not only the election process is frustrated, but also the choice of policy subjects are restricted. Consequently, the improvement in Female Reserved Seats Systems and Social Welfare System are needed.

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TSEN, JUI-CHANG, and 曾瑞昌. "A Study of Reserved Seats for Women in the Representative Institution: A Case of Taitung County, TaiMaLi Country Representative Election." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z6jaf6.

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碩士<br>國立臺東大學<br>進修部公共事務管理碩專(假日)<br>99<br>This study had wanted to found the reserved seats for women in the election of Taitung County, TaiMaLi Country representative for purpose. First, there wanted to explore the system of reserved seats for women whether or not fit in with modern trends. Second, to explore the system of reserved seats for women whether or not over-safeguard the women rights. Third, to explore the system of reserved seats for women in the Taitung County, TaiMaLi Country representative election whether or not against men`s rights. Fourth, there wanted to understand the effects of reserved seats for women in the TaiMaLi Country representative election. Finally, base on this study and found conclusion would provide specific and feasible suggestion. This study had use the literature review and interviews as research methods and focus on related literatures to analyze. The study had use Purposive Sampling to extract from TaiMaLi Country representatives for 3 current and 3 retire, and 2 officers who were experienced and familiar with the vote. The study had found: 1. The reserved seats for women system had necessary to be existed because of it would be reserved specific quotas for women to accessed the representative and also could be encouraged the women to joint the election. This system would be fit in with the trend of the times. 2. The votes, duties and services for men or women were equaled in TaiMali Country representative election so that the reserved seats for women system would not be over protected the women`s right. 3. The reserved seats for women system had legislation to protect but the same constituency just provided 1 reserved seats for women among the 4 elected representative quotas that shows the lower protection for women right and couldn`t against men`s election right. 4. Around the 19th representative elections in TaiMaLi Country, there since the 5th to the current had provided reserved seats for women so that shows the reserved seats for women effects well.

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Lu, Wei-tong, and 陸衛東. "The seat management strategies and benefit analysis of High-speed railway - A case study of reserved seat and non-reserved seat." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5rtyrv.

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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>高階經營碩士班<br>97<br>Abstract In the past, seats on the management of the research focuses on exploring the best logical way for seats assignment to ensure the revenue maximizing, it’s rarely to consider in the faces of management pressure and services requirement. Hence, this thesis will take a survey through market research studies to identify the reason of the shift of passenger from Non-reserved Seating to Reserved seating or the increase of rider-ship caused by the lower fare of Non-reserved Seating. After fully collection of the requirement of passengers and the consideration of High Speed Rail’s operator, the “Situational Analysis” mechanism is applied. The different Non-reserved car allotment will be arranged under different circumstance and their revenue will be evaluated as well. Finally, the recommendation of the High Speed Rail’s seat management strategy from the point of view of revenue maximizing, operation consideration and passenger requirement will be provided. Key words：Taiwan High Speed Railway, Non-reserved Seating, Reserved Seating, Seat management strategy

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Books on the topic "Reserved seats"

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Abdul Momen Khan Memorial Foundation (Dhaka, Bangladesh), ed. Empowering women through reserved seats in parliament: Fight or flight response. Abdul Momen Khan Memorial Foundation, 2013.

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Bih-Er, Chou. The political representation of women in a "reserved seats" system: The application of gender gap theories in Taiwan. Women's Research Program, Population Studies Center, National Taiwan University, 1986.

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Gilpin, Edwin. The grouping of the Pictou coal seams. s.n., 1985.

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Lappalainen, Markku. Finland's national parks: Seas of blue, seas of green. Metsähallitus, Natural Heritage Services, 2000.

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Wing, Kate. Keeping oceans wild: How marine reserves protect our living seas. Natural Resources Defense Council, 2001.

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Hacquebard, P. A. Petrographic, physico-chemical, and coal facies studies of ten major seams of the Sydney coalfield of Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada, 1998.

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Kaine, Francis R. Reminiscenses of Captain Francis R. Kaine, U.S. Naval Reserve (retired). U.S. Naval Institute, 1990.

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Office, Great Britain Colonial. Clergy reserves (Canada): Account of payments made out of the consolidated fund of the United Kingdom to the Church of England, and to the Church of Scotland, in Upper Canada; and payments out of the revenue of the United Kingdom to religious sects in Canada, since 1840, (in continuation of papers presented 29 February 1853). HMSO, 2001.

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Parks Canada. Province House National Historic Site of Canada and seat of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island: Management plan. Parks Canada, Atlantic Service Centre], 2005.

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Great Britain. Colonial Office. Upper Canada: Return to an address of the Honourable the House of Commons, dated 31 March 1840, for, Return of the religious bodies or denominations of Christians, who would be entitled, in the event of the Royal Assent being given to the Clergy Reserves Bill, passed by the Legislature of Upper Canada, to receive a portion of the proceeds of the reserved lands. HMSO, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reserved seats"

1

Aktar, Shajeda, and Janet McIntyre-Mills. "Reserved Seats for Women in Rural Local Government: Achieving a Level Playing Field." In Mixed Methods and Cross Disciplinary Research. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04993-5_17.

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Ahmed, Nizam, and Sadik Hasan. "Alangkar or Ahangkar? Reserved-Seat Women Members in the Bangladesh Parliament." In Women in Governing Institutions in South Asia. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57475-2_2.

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Wintour, Timothy W. "“New Lanes in Uncharted Seas”: The Federal Reserve and Bretton Woods." In Global Perspectives on the Bretton Woods Conference and the Post-War World Order. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60891-4_13.

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Jawad, Laith A. "Marine Protected Areas in the Countries Bordering the Arabian Peninsula: Reserve the Existing and Establish Further." In The Arabian Seas: Biodiversity, Environmental Challenges and Conservation Measures. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51506-5_66.

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Lieblich, Amia. "Reserved Seats." In Narratives of Positive Aging. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199918041.003.0002.

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Krook, Mona Lena. "Reserved Seats in Pakistan and India." In Quotas for Women in Politics. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195375671.003.0004.

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Sater, James N. "Reserved Seats, Patriarchy, and Patronage in Morocco." In The Impact of Gender Quotas. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199830091.003.0005.

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Lublin, David. "Communal Lists, Reserved Seats, and Lower Thresholds." In Minority Rules. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199948826.003.0005.

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"The Legislative Possibility of Reserved Indigenous Seats in Parliament." In A First Nations Voice in the Australian Constitution. Hart Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781509928958.ch-005.

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"The Reserved Seats Debate in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville." In Pacific Women in Politics. University of Hawaii Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv7r42qp.8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reserved seats"

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Cheng, Yueming, W. John Lee, and Duane A. McVay. "Quantification of Uncertainty in Reserves Estimation From Decline Curve Analysis of Production Data for Unconventional Reservoirs." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29694.

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Decline curve analysis is the most commonly used technique to estimate reserves from historical production data for evaluation of unconventional resources. Quantifying uncertainty of reserve estimates is an important issue in decline curve analysis, particularly for unconventional resources since forecasting future performance is particularly difficult in analysis of unconventional oil or gas wells. Probabilistic approaches are sometimes used to provide a distribution of reserve estimates with three confidence levels (P10, P50 and P90) and a corresponding 80% confidence interval to quantify uncertainties. Our investigation indicates that uncertainty is commonly underestimated in practice when using traditional statistical analyses. The challenge in probabilistic reserves estimation is not only how to appropriately characterize probabilistic properties of complex production data sets, but also how to determine and then improve the reliability of the uncertainty quantifications. In this paper, we present an advanced technique for probabilistic quantification of reserve estimates using decline curve analysis. We examine the reliability of uncertainty quantification of reserve estimates by analyzing actual oil and gas wells that have produced to near-abandonment conditions, and also show how uncertainty in reserves estimates changes with time as more data become available. We demonstrate that our method provides more reliable probabilistic reserves estimation than other methods proposed in the literature. These results have important impacts on economic risk analysis and on reservoir management.

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Ewins, Peter J. "Protected Areas and Pipelines in Canada: Balancing Natural Values With Development at the Landscape Level — The Conservation First Principle." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27276.

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“Sustainable Development” is now a widely accepted concept, yet there are surprisingly few concrete examples of it in practice. The pipeline industry operates at broad landscape and regional levels, and now has the opportunity to provide a strong lead in showcasing how society can benefit from major new energy pipelines while not significantly compromising natural and cultural values. To achieve this requires adoption of a fundamental proactive, ecosystem-based principle — the “Conservation First Principle”. In Canada this principle, first stated by Hummel [1], is that “there should be no new or expanded large-scale industrial development until a network of protected areas is reserved which adequately represents the natural region(s) affected by that development”. This approach is not new (e.g., the 1992 commitment by all levels of Canada’s governments to complete such protected areas networks), but it is more urgently needed now in an energy-rich frontier nation like Canada to truly safeguard our natural and cultural values while developing new energy corridors. It is a precautionary approach, akin to an insurance policy we would all be familiar with at a personal level. By identifying key natural habitats in each natural region (areas of similar bio-physical characteristics — there are 486 terrestrial natural regions in Canada), and using sophisticated GIS-based gap analysis, working with local communities, industry and governments, a network of protected areas can be identified and then reserved for legal protection. This network then adequately protects a representative sample of habitats, biodiversity and ecosystem processes in each natural region before or simultaneous with development proposals and approvals. The development of natural gas reserves in the Mackenzie Valley provides all stakeholders with a timely high-profile opportunity to showcase this balanced approach. The NWT’s Protected Areas Strategy provides the widely-supported community-led process to identify and then reserve key cultural and ecological areas in tandem with gas pipeline development. Investors, industry, governments, local communities and the general public all seek the greater certainty and security that such advance planning and balancing provides. The knowledge that certain key areas are off-limits to future development, and that other areas (the largest portion of each natural region) are assigned for sensitive industrial development, sets the stage for a more secure, stable future, in which all values are accommodated satisfactorily. In the push for greater energy security, the pipeline and oil and gas industry should now embrace the Conservation First Principle in energy developments across Canada’s lands and oceans, most immediately as it plans for a major gas pipeline in the Mackenzie Valley.

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Moins, Théo, Daniel Aloise, and Simon J. Blanchard. "RecSeats: A Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network Choice Model for Seat Recommendations at Reserved Seating Venues." In RecSys '20: Fourteenth ACM Conference on Recommender Systems. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3383313.3412263.

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Bianchi, M., E. Gadda, and A. Peretto. "Spinning Reserve Influence in a Power Generating System Integrated by Hydro Storage Plants." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0300.

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During the weekday night hours, to satisfy the lowest load demand by a power generation system, the thermoelectric unit load following strategy may be managed with the hydro storage operation. In this paper, a methodology, for the evaluation of fuel energy consumption of fossil fuel power generation system, with or without the hydro storage application, is presented, taking into account, particularly the spinning reserve presence. It is shown that, when pumped storage power stations are considered, for the two homogeneous sets of fossil fuel power units (conventional and advanced) analyzed, an important role is played by the spinning reserve. Moreover, a considerable saving in daily fuel consumption is achievable in the case of advanced power units. It was also found that an increase in the thermoelectric load factor may reduce the hydro storage operation saving on the kWh variable cost.

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Piskarev, A., and M. Shkatov. "Probable Reserves and Prospects for Exploration and Development of Oil and Gas Deposits in the Russian Arctic Seas." In IPTC 2009: International Petroleum Technology Conference. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.151.iptc13290.

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Piskarev, Alexey, and Mikhail Shkatov. "Probable Reserves and Prospects for Exploration and Development of Oil and Gas Deposits in the Russian Arctic Seas." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-13290-ms.

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Piskarev, Alexey, and Mikhail Shkatov. "Probable Reserves and Prospects for Exploration and Development of Oil and Gas Deposits in the Russian Arctic Seas." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/13290-ms.

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Kumar, Rajeev Ranjan, Sanjoy Kumar Mukherjee, S. K. Biswal, et al. "Field Scale Geo-Mechanical Analysis To Identify Fracture Sweet Spots Within Deccan Trap, Western Onshore, India." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31206-ms.

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Abstract Hydrocarbon exploration continues to venture into new avenues. This paper elaborates the 3D geomechanical study carried out to identify sweet spots in Deccan Trap Basalts in depth ranging from 500m-1100m in Cambay basin field of India. The main challenge is wide variation in the rock mechanical properties and stress profiles along various azimuths resulting from different tectonic incidents over the geological ages. Several drilling complications and held ups during electro logging in highly deviated wells are also reported. The normal fault tectonic framework has the imprint of two sets of faults viz., NNW-SSE and ENE-WSW. Deccan Trap acts as reservoirs due to the presence of connected open fracture network and to assess the potential reserves a comprehensive 3D Critically stressed fracture analysis has been performed using 3D numerical simulation-based rock properties, in-situ stress and seismic data. Open hole geophysical logs like sonic dipole and borehole images have been used to estimate rock mechanical properties and stress profiles in 18 key wells. Available core data of Basalt in the area have been used for dynamic to static rock properties estimation along with available published literature data. Critically stressed fracture analysis using 1D MEM outputs and dips dataset has been performed at well scale to history match production logging and testing results of 23 wells located in different fault blocks. 3D stress model has been built using plasticity model while taking into account faults and fracture sets. Utilizing 3D Geomechanical properties and Discrete fracture network model, critically stressed fracture sets have been identified across the field with slip tolerance and effective drawdown pressures. The study suggests that structurally high locations are good producers if seals are present above Trap. Sub-horizontal fractures have a higher closing tendency with decline in pressure in layers with SHmax&gt;SHmin&gt;Sv inside stiff Trap layer. There is variation of slip tolerance in the range of 0.2-1.4 in fracture sets which indicates slip tendency to be varying both vertically and laterally. Faults with ENE-WSW strike seem to be fluid migratory conduits and their intersection with NNW-SSE discontinuities are the areas where fracture sets have a higher slip tendency. Most of the producing layers are within 25m-55m of Trap with water being encountered at deeper depth intervals. These are mostly weathered fractured layers within the trap. The stress map suggests rotation of the maximum horizontal stress azimuth from NW to E which also affects fracture intensity in the field. Few fracture sets have tendency to be slip prone even with depletion up to 300psi-800psi while others will require stimulation or acid clean up job. Eight exploration wells drilled based on the study have shown good flow rate on initial well testing in the area providing validation to the study.

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Carricato, Marco, Joseph Duffy, and Vincenzo Parenti-Castelli. "Inverse Static Analysis of a Planar System With Spiral Springs." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/mech-14199.

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Abstract In this article the inverse static analysis of a two degrees of freedom planar mechanism equipped with spiral springs is presented. Such analysis aims to detect the entire set of equilibrium configurations of the mechanism once the external load is assigned. While on the one hand the presence of flexural pivots represents a novelty, on the other it extremely complicates the problem, since it brings the two state variables in the solving equations to appear as arguments of both trigonometric and linear functions. The proposed procedure eliminates one variable and leads to write two equations in one unknown only. The union of the root sets of such equations constitutes the global set of solutions of the problem. Particular attention has been reserved to the analysis of the “reliability” of the final equations: it has been sought the existence of critical situations, in which the solving equations hide solutions or yield false ones. A numerical example is provided. Also, in Appendix it is shown a particular design of the mechanism that offers computational advantages.

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Ritchie, Barry, Eyad Mohamed Elhassan, Thomas Jørgensen, and Kristian Solhaug. "North Sea Horizontal Well with Multi-Zone Completion Sets World Record Using Acid Jetting Technology." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205417-ms.

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Abstract A new development well in the Halfdan Field, well HBB-05, was selected as a candidate for the first Multilateral Completion Stimulation Technology (MCST) installation in the Danish sector of the North Sea. Placed in a thinner part of the Ekofisk formation it was important that the well didn't communicate with the underlying Tor formation, which would reduce the recovery from both reservoirs. An alternative completion was sought that would enhance reservoir contact, while protecting reserves. Halfdan is a laterally extensive field and comprises a high porosity (25% - 35%), low permeability (0.5 mD – 5 mD) chalk reservoir of Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) and Danian (0.1-1mD) (Lower Paleocene) age. The main field, located within the Maastrichtian Tor formation, is developed with long horizontal wells of 10,000 ft - 15,000 ft reservoir sections drilled in a parallel pattern of alternating oil production and water injection wells spaced 600 ft apart. A multizone MCST was placed in a thin, layered chalk aiming for an increased effective well bore radius. The well consisted of a 4-½" liner with a new record number of subs placed in one well; 56 MCST subs. Each sub contained four needles at 90 degrees phasing capable of penetrating up to 40 ft. into the reservoir. The subs were placed in the distal 3,000ft horizontal section, beyond the reach of coiled tubing. The liner was installed on a work string starting at 16,820 ft. First time usage of MCST offshore Denmark creates a potential game changer for carbonate reservoir productivity enhancement. Production improvement over conventional stimulation methods where the following challenges may be addressed: –Thin, layered chalk–Need for increased wellbore radius–Extended reach reservoir sections–Beyond the reach of coiled tubing

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Reports on the topic "Reserved seats"

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FitzGerald, Michael. Indigenous Party Formation and Success: The Strategic Roles of Reserved Seats, Parties, and Horizontal Accountability. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.7142.

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Younkman, Dianne D. Development of ROTC (Reserve Officers' Training Corps) Data Sets and Evaluation of Their Usefulness for Officer Longitudinal Research Data Base. Defense Technical Information Center, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada189692.

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