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Journal articles on the topic 'Residence- and contact investigation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Armstrong-Evans, Maxine, Margaret Litt, Margaret A. McArthur, et al. "Control of Transmission of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium in a Long-Term–Care Facility." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 20, no. 05 (1999): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501623.

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AbstractObjectives:To describe the investigation and control of transmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in a residential long-term-care (LTC) setting.Outbreak Investigation:A strain of vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faeciumnot previously isolated in Ontario colonized five residents of a 254-bed LTC facility in Toronto. The index case was identified when VRE was isolated from a urine culture taken after admission to a local hospital. Screening of rectal swabs from all 235 residents identified four others who were colonized with the same strain ofE faecium.Control Measures:Colon

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CASTILLA, J., R. PALMERA, A. NAVASCUÉS, et al. "Population-based contact investigation of a cluster of tuberculosis cases in a small village." Epidemiology and Infection 137, no. 10 (2009): 1426–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268809002246.

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SUMMARYA cluster of five cases of tuberculosis (TB) in persons aged 19–23 years who were not close contacts was detected in a small village in Spain in 2006. All culture isolates had the same chromosomal-DNA restriction pattern. Contact investigations of family members, friends, workmates and schoolmates were complemented with tuberculin screening offered to the resident population born between 1976 and 1995. Expanded contact tracing detected two new cases of TB, 27 tuberculin conversions and an excess of latent tuberculosis infections (LTI) in persons born between 1978 and 1990. The contacts

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Trenkel, Marie, and Regina Scherließ. "Nasal Powder Formulations: In-Vitro Characterisation of the Impact of Powders on Nasal Residence Time and Sensory Effects." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 3 (2021): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13030385.

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Nasal drug delivery is still primarily associated with locally-effective drugs, but next-generation products utilising the benefits of nasal administration—such as easy access to a relatively permeable mucosa, the presence of immunocompetent cells, and a direct route to the brain—are under investigation. Nasal powders offer the potential to improve the drugs’ effects by providing higher resistance against the mucociliary clearance, and thus prolonging the contact time of the drug with its target site. However, suitable and easy-to-use in-vitro setups tailored to the characterisation of this ef

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De Falco, Gianluigi, Fiorenzo Carbone, Mario Commodo, Patrizia Minutolo, and Andrea D’Anna. "Exploring Nanomechanical Properties of Soot Particle Layers by Atomic Force Microscopy Nanoindentation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188448.

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In this work, an experimental investigation of the nanomechanical properties of flame-formed carbonaceous particle layers has been performed for the first time by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). To this aim, carbon nanoparticles with different properties and nanostructures were produced in ethylene/air laminar premixed flames at different residence times. Particles were collected on mica substrates by means of a thermophoretic sampling system and then analyzed by AFM. An experimental procedure based on the combination between semi-contact AFM topography imaging, contact AFM topography

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Singh, H., C. De Coster, E. Shu, et al. "Wait Times from Presentation to Treatment for Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 24, no. 1 (2010): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/692151.

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BACKGROUND: The wait time from cancer diagnosis to treatment has been a recent focus of cancer care in Canada.OBJECTIVE: To examine the trends in wait times from patient presentation to treatment (overall health system wait time [OWT]) for colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: Patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas, diagnosed between 2001 and 2005, and their first definitive treatments were identified from the population-based Manitoba Cancer Registry (Winnipeg, Manitoba). By linkage to Manitoba Health and Healthy Living’s administrative databases, a patient’s first gastrointestinal investigation

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Gastala, Nicole M., Peter M. Wingrove, Anne H. Gaglioti, Winston Liaw, and Andrew Bazemore. "The Growing Trend of Health Coaches in Team-Based Primary Care Training." Family Medicine 50, no. 7 (2018): 526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2018.459897.

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Background and Objectives: Team-based care with health coaches has improved the quality and cost effectiveness of chronic disease management and prevention. Clinical health coaches partner with patients to identify health goals, create action plans, overcome barriers to change, reinforce physician recommendations, and coordinate care. It is important to train resident physicians to practice in team-based settings. To date, there have been no studies of resident family physician exposure to health coaches. Methods: We surveyed 465 residency directors through a larger omnibus survey sent out by

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Li, Yudu, Ling Ren, and Fei Luo. "Is bad stronger than good? The impact of police-citizen encounters on public satisfaction with police." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 39, no. 1 (2016): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-05-2015-0058.

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Purpose – Drawing upon the negativity bias theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of positive and negative perceptions of police-initiated or citizen-initiated contacts on three distinctive dimensions of public satisfaction with police (PSWP). Design/methodology/approach – The data were obtained from a random-sample telephone survey of 1,143 residents in Houston in 2012. The OLS regressions were conducted with variables derived from the contact model and neighborhood context model that were often employed in the PSWP research. Particularly, five dichotomous variables were

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Vicente, Paula. "The Best Times to Call in a Mobile Phone Survey." International Journal of Market Research 57, no. 4 (2015): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/ijmr-2015-047.

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Establishing contact with the sample units is an important part of the survey response process, and an efficient calling schedule is critical to achieve high response rates. The rapid increase in mobile phone ownership has triggered the interest of marketing researchers in the use of mobile phones for collecting survey data about consumers. Mobile phone surveys may favour establishing contact with sample units since the mobile phone is a personal device carried at all times, thus making the person permanently contactable. This paper aims to identify the best times to call in a mobile phone sur

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Shawwa, Ayman R., and Daniel W. Smith. "Dissolved air flotation model for drinking water treatment." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 27, no. 2 (2000): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l99-071.

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In this study, a kinetic model that describes bubble-particle transport and attachment in the contact zone of dissolved air flotation (DAF) process is presented. The kinetic model, which is based on the assumption that the contact zone is analogous to a chemical reactor, describes the particle removal rate as a first-order reaction with respect to the concentration of particles. It identified important parameters, such as the bubble-particle attachment efficiency (αPB). The theoretical first-order particle removal rate constant (kP), based on the mathematical model, was determined by varying α

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Abner, Erin L., Pamela B. Teaster, Marta S. Mendiondo, et al. "Victim, Allegation, and Investigation Characteristics Associated With Substantiated Reports of Sexual Abuse of Adults in Residential Care Settings." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 19 (2016): 3995–4019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516672051.

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The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of investigations of sexual abuse concerning vulnerable adults residing in facility settings that were associated with case substantiation. Data on 410 reports of sexual abuse were collected prospectively from Adult Protective Services (APS) and state licensure agency staff in New Hampshire, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin over a six-month period. Specifically, we examined differences between reports that were substantiated and those that were not by comparing characteristics of alleged victims, alleged perpetrators, and aspects

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Stanić, Filip, Nenad Jaćimović, Anja Ranđelović, and Jovan Despotović. "Laboratory investigation of hydraulic characteristics of fly ash as a fill material from the aspects of pollutant transport." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 4 (2017): 976–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.243.

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Depending on the usage of fly ash, it is necessary to determine its environmental parameters, such as the potential for pollutant transport/leaching after its built-in. This study presents a methodology for determination of transport parameters (filtration coefficient, effective porosity, longitudinal dispersivity, and the mean residence time) from experimental data collected from column experiments with a conservative tracer on different mixtures of fly ash with stabilizers (4.8% lime and 5% cement). The transport parameters are determined using (1) numerical model results and (2) an adapted

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Labeyrie, Vanesse, Mathieu Thomas, Zachary K. Muthamia, and Christian Leclerc. "Seed exchange networks, ethnicity, and sorghum diversity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 1 (2015): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1513238112.

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Recent studies investigating the relationship between crop genetic diversity and human cultural diversity patterns showed that seed exchanges are embedded in farmers’ social organization. However, our understanding of the social processes involved remains limited. We investigated how farmers’ membership in three major social groups interacts in shaping sorghum seed exchange networks in a cultural contact zone on Mount Kenya. Farmers are members of residence groups at the local scale and of dialect groups clustered within larger ethnolinguistic units at a wider scale. The Chuka and Tharaka, who

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LÉVESQUE, B., P. GIOVENAZZO, P. GUERRIER, D. LAVERDIÈRE, and H. PRUD'HOMME. "Investigation of an outbreak of cercarial dermatitis." Epidemiology and Infection 129, no. 2 (2002): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268802007379.

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We present the investigation of an outbreak of cercarial dermatitis that occurred in a recreational-tourist lake in the Québec City region (Canada) in the summer of 1999. A case-reporting form was sent to 450 families likely to have activities that would bring them in contact with the lake's water. The snails were characterized and the prevalence of their infestation by schistosomes was investigated. In total, 63 episodes consistent with cercarial dermatitis were reported. Sixty-nine percent of the cases occurred from swimming at the same beach. This location was the one where the only populat

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Scott, Sarah E., Karen Zabel, Jennifer Collins, et al. "First Mildly Ill, Nonhospitalized Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Without Viral Transmission in the United States—Maricopa County, Arizona, 2020." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 15 (2020): 807–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa374.

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Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes a range of illness severity. Mild illness has been reported, but whether illness severity correlates with infectivity is unknown. We describe the public health investigation of a mildly ill, nonhospitalized COVID-19 case who traveled to China. Methods The case was a Maricopa County resident with multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–positive specimens collected on 22 January 2020. Contacts were persons exposed to the case on or after the day before case diagnostic specimen collection. Contacts were m

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Bessant, Michael, Elizabeth A. King, and Robert Peveler. "Characteristics of suicides in recent contact with NHS Direct." Psychiatric Bulletin 32, no. 3 (2008): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.106.013268.

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Aims and MethodNHS Direct is increasingly used as a first source of health advice and information, receiving an average of 600 000 calls per month. We performed an audit of suicides in Hampshire and the Isle of Wight over a 2-year period to determine the characteristics of those who died by suicide and had been in recent contact with NHS Direct.ResultsOf 278 suicides resident in Hampshire and the Isle of Wight, 30 (10.8%) had contacted NHS Direct in the preceding year. Of the 30 callers within the preceding year, 12 (40%) made multiple calls, 7 (23%) called within 2 weeks of death, 9 (30%) cal

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SCHLEIHAUF, E., S. MUTSCHALL, B. BILLARD, E. N. TABOADA, and D. HALDANE. "Comparative genomic fingerprinting of Campylobacter: application in routine public health surveillance and epidemiological investigations." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 2 (2016): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268816002351.

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SUMMARYA subtyping methodology for Campylobacter, Comparative Genomic Fingerprinting (CGF40), has been described recently. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of CGF40 as a tool to enhance routine public health surveillance of campylobacteriosis. Isolates of Campylobacter from across the province were requested and sent for CGF40 subtyping. Epidemiological data from cases reported to public health officials in Nova Scotia, Canada, from January 2012 to March 2015 were linked with blinded CGF40 subtyping results. CGF40 was epidemiologically valid; subtyping discerned known epid

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Hernández-Garduño, Eduardo, and R. Kevin Elwood. "The Prevalence and Predictors of Tuberculin Positivity in Subjects Screened for Reasons other than Contact Investigation." Canadian Respiratory Journal 15, no. 4 (2008): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/575190.

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BACKGROUND: No previous studies have estimated the rates of tuberculin positivity (TP) in noncontact populations within the same community, which is important for prioritizing and implementing preventive measures.OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence and predictors of TP in noncontact populations.METHODS: A retrospective analysis of tuberculin results of non-contact populations screened in British Columbia from 1990 to 2002 was conducted.RESULTS: The period prevalence of TP in 59,791 screened subjects was 12.7% (95% CI 12.4% to 13.0%), 30.4% (95% CI 28.2% to 32.7%) and 60.9% (95% CI 60.3% to

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Wong, Yoke Lan, Manisha Pandey, Hira Choudhury, Wei Meng Lim, Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra, and Bapi Gorain. "Development of In-Situ Spray for Local Delivery of Antibacterial Drug for Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Investigation of Alternative Formulation." Polymers 13, no. 16 (2021): 2770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162770.

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Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has been considered an orphan disease with limited treatments available. The available topical treatment for this condition is clindamycin lotion; however, short retention and frequent application are the main setbacks. Thus, the present study aimed to attain an optimized antibacterial in situ spray formulation for the hidradenitis suppurativa skin condition, which gels once in contact with the skin surface at around 37 °C and possesses bioadhesion as well as sustained-release properties of the incorporated drug. Different concentrations of thermo-reversible gelli

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Servas, V., A. Mailles, D. Neau, et al. "An imported case of canine rabies in Aquitaine: Investigation and management of the contacts at risk, August 2004-March 2005." Eurosurveillance 10, no. 11 (2005): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.10.11.00578-en.

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In August 2004, a case of rabies was diagnosed in a puppy that had been illegally imported from Morocco to Bordeaux (France). Because a great number of people and animals were thought to have come into contact with the puppy, extensive tracing measures were implemented, and an international alert was launched to trace and treat the contacts at risk. One hundred and eighty seven people received post-exposure treatment, eight of whom also received serovaccination, and 57 animals known to have been exposed to the puppy were tested. Six months after the death of the rabid animal, none of the peopl

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Ostrowsky, Belinda, Emily Snavely, Sarah Kogut, et al. "491. Working Together: A Tale of Carbapenemase-Producing Organism Investigations in Three New York City Nursing Homes." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2510.

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Abstract Background New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) and Wadsworth Center (WC) participate in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory Network (AR Lab Network), including identification and characterization of specific bla genes in carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPO). Three investigations from November 2018–March 2019 illustrate the findings and challenges investigating CPO in a blaKPC endemic setting. Methods NYSDOH WC testing includes organism identification, drug susceptibility testing, detection of carbapenemase production, detection

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Fu, Yixiao, Peng Xie, Huaqing Meng, et al. "The Construction and Prospects of the Chongqing Twin Children Database." Twin Research and Human Genetics 11, no. 6 (2008): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.11.6.629.

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AbstractTwins could play a crucial role in our understanding of genetic contributions to numerous etiologically complex disorders. In China, although adult twins are relatively rare, twins will become increasingly available due to increasing twin birth rates. Thus, child twin data will be a valuable resource to contribute to the field of child and adolescent psychopathology. The first twin database of children aged from 6 to 16 was established in Chongqing, R.P., China. In this article, we will discuss our experiences in establishing the twin database, completed in three steps — the first step

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Wendelboe, Aaron M., Catherine Avery, Bernardo Andrade, Joan Baumbach, and Michael G. Landen. "Importance of Employee Vaccination against Influenza in Preventing Cases in Long-Term Care Facilities." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 32, no. 10 (2011): 990–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/661916.

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Objective.Employees of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) who have contact with residents should be vaccinated against influenza annually to reduce influenza incidence among residents. This investigation estimated the magnitude of the benefit of this recommendation.Methods.The New Mexico Department of Health implemented active surveillance in all of its 75 LTCFs during influenza seasons 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. Information about the number of laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza and the proportion vaccinated of both residents and direct-care employees in each facility was collected monthly.

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Pugh, Timothy W., Katherine Miller Wolf, Carolyn Freiwald, and Prudence M. Rice. "TECHNOLOGIES OF DOMINATION AT MISSION SAN BERNABÉ, PETÉN, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 27, no. 1 (2016): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536116000067.

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AbstractThe Spaniards established severalcongregacionesor missions in central Petén, Guatemala, shortly after the 1697 conquest of the region to help control local indigenous populations. Recent investigations at the church and community of Mission San Bernabé revealed details about the entangled relations of Mayas and Spaniards. Foucault's four technologies of domination help explicate these power relations as they were played out in the small settlement and the church at its center. Material culture differed in many ways from that of the pre-conquest Itzas, but was clearly predominantly “May

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Neamin, G., A. Negga, H. Mukemil, B. Mengistu, and Y. Rahel. "Paederus Dermatitis Outbreak in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2021 (March 15, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8892785.

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Background. Paederus dermatitis is an irritant contact dermatitis caused by crushing insects of the genus Paederus, which releases a vesicant toxin called pederin. On July 28, 2018, the district health office received a report of cases with erythema, itching, and burning after contact with the Paederus insect. In response, we investigated the outbreak intending to describe, confirm, and identify the risk factors associated with the country’s first reported outbreak. Methods. A community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from August 10 to 22, 2018. Two hundred twenty-five (75 cas

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PATANARAPEELERT, KLOT, D. GARCIA LOPEZ, I.-MING TANG, and MARC A. DUBOIS. "THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT ON EPIDEMIC THRESHOLD OF TRAVEL BETWEEN COMMUNITIES OF RESIDENT POPULATIONS." Journal of Biological Systems 21, no. 02 (2013): 1350010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339013500101.

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During the initial phase of an epidemic, individual displacements between different regions modify the contact patterns. Understanding mobility processes and their consequences is necessary to predict the subsequent spread of the disease in order to optimize control policies. The basic reproduction number is commonly used to determine the threshold between extinction and expansion of the disease. Once it is derived for an epidemic model that includes the travel of population between distinct localities, the dependence of the diseases dynamics upon travel rates becomes explicit. In this study,

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Krajewska, Beata. "Principles of foster care as the basics for the functioning of its system. Catalog, characteristics and meaning." Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 591, no. 6 (2020): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1533.

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The subject of investigation in this study has been made the principles of foster care with the necessary and concise presentation of the assumptions and solutions of foster care as such. The principles of foster care have been collected and described, which constitute a kind of catalog necessary to include in practice foster care to the fullest extent possible. These are the following principles: the welfare of the child and the family covered by foster care, subsidiarity of foster care, temporary foster care, priority of foster care over institutional care, the use of foster care on the basi

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Denton, J. Scott, Adrienne Segovia, and James A. Filkins. "Practical Pathology of Gunshot Wounds." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 130, no. 9 (2006): 1283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2006-130-1283-ppogw.

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Abstract Context.—Gunshot wounds are the most common cause of homicidal death in the United States. Analysis and interpretation of fatal gunshot wounds is an important and common practice among forensic pathologists. Additionally, for pathology residents, it is an integral aspect of their training during their rotations at medical examiner or coroner offices. Objective.—The correct interpretation of gunshot wounds by forensic pathologists not only provides valuable information that can assist law enforcement in their investigation but also is essential for the final determination of manner of

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Hayir-Kanat, Meryem, and Jürgen Breuste. "Outdoor Recreation Participation in Istanbul, Turkey: An Investigation of Frequency, Length, Travel Time and Activities." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (2020): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020741.

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Although outdoor recreation participation has been studied extensively, little research has come from less developed regions of the world. This paper examined outdoor recreation participation and its predictors in Istanbul, an increasingly urbanized and populated megacity, in Turkey. The results show that nearly half of the people interviewed in this study had claimed to visit a nature area at least once a week or more often, nearly three-quarters invested a travel time to these areas of between 30 min to 2 h, about two-thirds spent more than 2 h at the area, and about one-third was engaged in

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Knight, Becky, Amanda Noah, and Sharon Bowland. "Facing Fear Through Making Connections as We Age." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2309.

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Abstract Older residents often experience disruption in family relationships and social networks due to isolation once they move into public housing communities. While the need for social contact continues, the opportunity may diminish. Older African-American women living in one housing community attempted to cope with their personal safety fears through social isolation (Bowland, 2015). Women in the study (N = 25) were survivors of one or more forms of interpersonal trauma, including childhood abuse, sexual assault and domestic violence. In contrast, a few women in the same sample spontaneous

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LOURY, P., F. S. LE GUYADER, J. C. LE SAUX, K. AMBERT-BALAY, P. PARROT, and B. HUBERT. "A norovirus oyster-related outbreak in a nursing home in France, January 2012." Epidemiology and Infection 143, no. 12 (2015): 2486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268814003628.

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SUMMARYThe presence of norovirus in shellfish is a public health concern in Europe. Here, we report the results of an investigation into a norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak following a festive lunch which affected 84 (57%) residents and staff members of a nursing home in January 2012 in France. Individuals who had eaten oysters had a significantly higher risk of developing symptoms in the following 2·5 days than those who had not, the risk increasing with the amount eaten [relative risk 2·2 (1·0–4·6) and 3·3 (1·6–6·6) for 3–4 and 5–12 oysters, respectively]. In healthy individuals during thos

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DREESMAN, J. M., A. BAILLOT, L. HAMSCHMIDT, M. MONAZAHIAN, U. C. WEND, and W. H. GERLICH. "Outbreak of hepatitis B in a nursing home associated with capillary blood sampling." Epidemiology and Infection 134, no. 5 (2006): 1102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268806005942.

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In 2001, two residents of a nursing home in Lower Saxony, Germany, were diagnosed with acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. A systematic contact investigation of 188 residents yielded 19 confirmed or probable cases of acute or recent HBV infection and three persistent asymptomatic HBsAg carriers. Sequence analysis revealed that one carrier had high viraemia (109 genomes/ml), HBV genotype A2, and the same S gene and/or X gene sequence as 16 acutely infected persons. An unmatched case-control study was conducted with the 17 cases that had sequence identity together with 26 controls. The stro

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Sisin, Yevgeniy I., All A. Golubkova, Irina I. Kozlova, and Nadezhda A. Ostapenko. "Epidemiological risks and lessons from the first wave of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in medical organizations." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 25, no. 4 (2021): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid54401.

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BACKGROUND:Health workers, who have been at the forefront of efforts to counter the COVID-19 pandemic, have become one of the main risk groups for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study of the incidence of a new coronavirus infection of medical workers and the development of measures to protect them is an urgent task. AIMS:Study of epidemiological risks and features of the incidence of COVID-19 in medical organizations for the development of proposals for the adjustment of preventive and anti-epidemic measures in the context of a new wave of coronavirus infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We

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BOARDMAN, A. P., A. H. GRIMBALDESTON, C. HANDLEY, P. W. JONES, and S. WILLMOTT. "The North Staffordshire Suicide Study: a case–control study of suicide in one health district." Psychological Medicine 29, no. 1 (1999): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291798007430.

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Background. The aim of the study was to identify sociodemographic and clinical risk factors for death from suicide and undetermined injury in residents of one health district.Method. Data were collected on all cases of suicide (ICD-9 E950–959) and undetermined injury (ICD-9 E980–989) for residents in North Staffordshire Health District between 1991 and 1995. Controls, identified from the Coroner's inquest register, who died from other causes, were matched for age and sex.Results. Two hundred and twelve pairs of cases and matched controls were identified. Multivariate analysis (conditional logi

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Jeng, Bennie H. "Corneal Infections—Challenges in Diagnosis and Update on Management." US Ophthalmic Review 10, no. 01 (2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2017.10.01.15.

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Bennie H Jeng is Professor and Chair of the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. He earned his bachelor’s degree summa cum laude from Washington University and his MD from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. He then completed his ophthalmology residency and chief residency at the Cole Eye Institute of the Cleveland Clinic, which was followed by a fellowship in cornea and external diseases at the Francis I. Proctor Foundation/University of California San Francisco (UCSF) in 2003. He then returned back to the Cole Eye In

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Stanwell, R. E., J. M. Stuart, A. O. Hughes, P. Robinson, M. B. Griffin, and K. Cartwright. "Smoking, the environment and meningococcal disease: a case control study." Epidemiology and Infection 112, no. 2 (1994): 315–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800057733.

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SUMMARYThis case control study investigated environmental factors in 74 confirmed cases of meningococcal disease (MD). In children aged under 5, passive smoking in the home (30 or more cigarettes daily) was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46–38.66). ORs increased both with the numbers of cigarettes smoked and with the number of smokers in the household, suggesting a dose–response relationship. MD in this age group was also significantly associated with household overcrowding (more than 1.5 persons per room) (OR 6.0, 95% CI 1.10–32.8), with kisses on th

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Thoma, Brent, Scott Goerzen, Timothy Horeczko, et al. "An international, interprofessional investigation of the self-reported podcast listening habits of emergency clinicians: A METRIQ Study." CJEM 22, no. 1 (2019): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.427.

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ABSTRACTObjectivesPodcasts are increasingly being used for medical education. A deeper understanding of usage patterns would inform both producers and researchers of medical podcasts. We aimed to determine how and why podcasts are used by emergency medicine and critical care clinicians.MethodsAn international interprofessional sample (medical students, residents, physicians, nurses, physician assistants, and paramedics) was recruited through direct contact and a multimodal social media (Twitter and Facebook) campaign. Each participant completed a survey outlining how and why they utilize medic

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Wang, Zhangyuan, Zicong Huang, Fucheng Chen, Xudong Zhao, and Peng Guo. "Experimental investigation of the novel BIPV/T system employing micro-channel flat-plate heat pipes." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 5 (2018): 540–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418754337.

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In this paper, the micro-channel flat-plate heat pipes-based BIPV/T system has been proposed, which is expected to have the characteristics, e.g. reduced contact thermal resistance, enhanced heat transfer area, improved heat transfer efficiency and building integration. The proposed system was constructed at the laboratory of Guangdong University of Technology (China) to study its performance. The temperatures of the glass cover, PV panel, micro-channel flat-plate heat pipes, and tank water were measured, as well as the ambient temperature. The thermal and electrical efficiency was also calcul

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Korotkova, Ekaterina A., Maria A. Prostova, Anatoly P. Gmyl, et al. "Case of Poliomyelitis Caused by Significantly Diverged Derivative of the Poliovirus Type 3 Vaccine Sabin Strain Circulating in the Orphanage." Viruses 12, no. 9 (2020): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090970.

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Significantly divergent polioviruses (VDPV) derived from the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) from Sabin strains, like wild polioviruses, are capable of prolonged transmission and neuropathology. This is mainly shown for VDPV type 2. Here we describe a molecular-epidemiological investigation of a case of VDPV type 3 circulation leading to paralytic poliomyelitis in a child in an orphanage, where OPV has not been used. Samples of feces and blood serum from the patient and 52 contacts from the same orphanage were collected twice and investigated. The complete genome sequencing was performed for fiv

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Parmaksız, İzzet. "Investigation of assertiveness levels of university students according to demographic variablesÜniversite öğrencilerinin güvengenlik düzeylerinin demografik değişkenlere göre incelenmesi." Journal of Human Sciences 15, no. 4 (2018): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i4.5344.

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Human beings need to maintain their life as a social entity and as a result they communicate with other people in order to meet their physical, emotional and cognitive needs, to develop themselves, to develop from many angles and to maintain their lives. Because it is a necessity for a person who lives as a social being to be in contact with other members of society. The individual must have assertiveness behavioral characteristics in order to exist in the society. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the level of assertivenes of university students and demographic

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Robsky, Katherine O., David Isooba, Olga Nakasolya, et al. "Characterization of geographic mobility among participants in facility- and community-based tuberculosis case finding in urban Uganda." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (2021): e0251806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251806.

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Background International and internal migration are recognized risk factors for tuberculosis (TB). Geographic mobility, including travel for work, education, or personal reasons, may also play a role in TB transmission, but this relationship is poorly defined. We aimed to define geographic mobility among participants in facility- and community-based TB case finding in Kampala, Uganda, and to assess associations between mobility, access to care, and TB disease. Methods We included consecutive individuals age ≥15 years diagnosed with TB disease through either routine health facility practices or

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Franci Gonçalves, R., and F. Rogalla. "Biological Phosphorus Removal in Fixed Films Reactors." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 12 (1992): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0348.

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Possible procedures to achieve biological phosphorus removal in a fixed film reactor are discussed and the feasibility of phosphorus removal process in a fixed film reactor under continous flow is demonstrated. The behaviour of an upflow aerated filter operating under continuous feed and alternate aerobic/anaerobic conditions is analyzed. The influence of the duration of anaerobic and aerobic contact periods and of organic substrate loadings on the phosphorus removal process is verified. During the anaerobic state, the longer the duration, or the higher the substrate load, the better the phosp

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Saloojee, Haroon, Tim De Maayer, Michel L. Garenne, and Kathleen Kahn. "What's new? Investigating risk factors for severe childhood malnutrition in a high HIV prevalence South African setting1." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 35, no. 69_suppl (2007): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14034950701356435.

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Aim: To identify risk factors for severe childhood malnutrition in a rural South African district with a high HIV/AIDS prevalence. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Bushbuckridge District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Participants: 100 children with severe malnutrition (marasmus, kwashiorkor, and marasmic kwashiorkor) were compared with 200 better nourished (>-2 SD weight-for-age) controls, matched by age and village of residence. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted on a variety of biological and social risk factors. Results: HIV status was known only for a minority of

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Goerzen, S. M., B. Thoma, T. Horeczko, et al. "P055: An international, interprofessional investigation of the podcast listening habits of emergency clinicians: a METRIQ Study." CJEM 20, S1 (2018): S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.253.

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Introduction: Emergency medicine clinicians (physicians, nurses, paramedics, physician assistants) utilize podcasts for learning. However, their versatility produces variability in the ways they are used (e.g. their speed can be increased or decreased, unrelated activities can be performed simultaneously, or they can be accompanied by active learning methods). This study investigated how and why podcasts are used by an international cohort of clinicians. Methods: An international sample of medical students, residents, physicians, nurses, physician assistants, and paramedics was recruited to co

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de Haan, Dorian. "Surinaamse Kinderen en hun Beheersing van Sarnami en Sranan." Taalverwerving in onderzoek 30 (January 1, 1988): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.30.13haa.

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Research into proficiency in the Surinamese languages by Surinamese children in the Netherlands has to contend with a twofold problem with regard to the question of the norm. There are no clear norms for the Surinamese languages. In addition, there is the general problem of norms for the investigation of primary language loss. To characterize the proficiency of children in Sarnami and Sranan, the languages of the Surinamese Hindustani and Creole communities, the method of working with several judges appears to be fraught with problems. This article reports on the results of an estimation and e

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Stassen, Jean Marie, Anne-Marie Lambeir, Gaston Matthyssens, et al. "Characterisation of a Novel Series of Aprotinin-Derived Anticoagulants." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 74, no. 02 (1995): 646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649792.

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SummaryPrevious investigations have indicated that interference with the initial level of the blood coagulation may lead to effective antithrombotic therapy. Recently a series of potential coagulation inhibitors derived from bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI, aprotinin) was described. We have determined their inhibition constants, effects on coagulation assays, effects in an in vitro human thrombosis model and pharmacological profiles in hamsters. The aprotinin-derived analogues (4C2,7L22, 5L15, 6L15, 5L84) showed significantly increased inhibitory activity towards factor Xa, factor Vl

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Farokh-Gisour, Elham, and Marjan Hatamvand. "Investigation of Stress Level Among Dentistry Students, General Dentists, and Pediatric Dental Specialists During Performing Pediatric Dentistry in Kerman, Iran, in 2017." Open Dentistry Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 631–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901814010631.

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Background & Aim:Dentists are exposed to stress and tension as they have a close contact with the patients. The increase in stress may affect the dentists’ performance and can be a major threat to the physical and mental health of the patients. Pediatric dentistry requires experience, without which the amateur dentists and students feel lack of self-confidence, and consequently be unable to deal with problematic patients. There is no study investigating stress during pediatric dentistry among the dentistry students as well as general and pediatric dentists in Iran. Regarding the importance

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AL-SHAMAHY, H. A., C. J. M. WHITTY, and S. G. WRIGHT. "Risk factors for human brucellosis in Yemen: a case control study." Epidemiology and Infection 125, no. 2 (2000): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899004458.

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Brucellosis is known to occur in Yemen but its epidemiology has not been extensively studied. The present investigation examined risk factors for human brucellosis in Yemen using a hospital-based case-control study. A total of 235 consecutive patients with brucellosis attending the Central Health Laboratory in Sana’a, Yemen, were matched in respect of age, sex, and place of residence, rural or urban, with 234 controls selected from individuals attending the Central Health Laboratory for unrelated health problems. Clinical information on patients and controls was supplemented with occupational

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Oude Munnink, Bas B., Reina S. Sikkema, David F. Nieuwenhuijse, et al. "Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on mink farms between humans and mink and back to humans." Science 371, no. 6525 (2020): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abe5901.

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Animal experiments have shown that nonhuman primates, cats, ferrets, hamsters, rabbits, and bats can be infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In addition, SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected in felids, mink, and dogs in the field. Here, we describe an in-depth investigation using whole-genome sequencing of outbreaks on 16 mink farms and the humans living or working on these farms. We conclude that the virus was initially introduced by humans and has since evolved, most likely reflecting widespread circulation among mink in the beginning of the infection period,

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LAI, C. C., Y. C. HSIEH, Y. P. YEH, et al. "A pulmonary tuberculosis outbreak in a long-term care facility." Epidemiology and Infection 144, no. 7 (2015): 1455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268815002265.

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SUMMARYIn long-term care facilities (LTCFs), the elderly are apt to be infected because those with latent tuberculosis infections (LTBIs) are at an increased risk for reactivation and post-primary TB disease. We report an outbreak of TB in staff and residents in a LTCF. An outbreak investigation was conducted after two TB cases were reported from the LTCF. A tuberculin skin test (TST), bacteriological examination and chest radiograph were administered to all facility staff and residents. An outbreak is defined as at least two epidemiologically linked cases that have identicalMycobacterium tube

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Miraglia, Fabiana, and Emanuela Colla. "Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry." Cells 8, no. 3 (2019): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030222.

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Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is typically classified as a neurodegenerative disease affecting the motor system. Recent evidence, however, has uncovered the presence of Lewy bodies in locations outside the CNS, in direct contact with the external environment, including the olfactory bulbs and the enteric nervous system. This, combined with the ability of alpha-synuclein (αS) to propagate in a prion-like manner, has supported the hypothesis that the resident microbial community, commonly referred to as microbiota, might play a causative role in the development of PD. In this article, we will be revi

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