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Zolfaghari, Alireza. "Methodological and empirical challenges in modelling residential location choices." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/12565.
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The modelling of residential locations is a key element in land use and transport planning. There are significant empirical and methodological challenges inherent in such modelling, however, despite recent advances both in the availability of spatial datasets and in computational and choice modelling techniques. One of the most important of these challenges concerns spatial aggregation. The housing market is characterised by the fact that it offers spatially and functionally heterogeneous products; as a result, if residential alternatives are represented as aggregated spatial units (as in conventional residential location models), the variability of dwelling attributes is lost, which may limit the predictive ability and policy sensitivity of the model. This thesis presents a modelling framework for residential location choice that addresses three key challenges: (i) the development of models at the dwelling-unit level, (ii) the treatment of spatial structure effects in such dwelling-unit level models, and (iii) problems associated with estimation in such modelling frameworks in the absence of disaggregated dwelling unit supply data. The proposed framework is applied to the residential location choice context in London. Another important challenge in the modelling of residential locations is the choice set formation problem. Most models of residential location choices have been developed based on the assumption that households consider all available alternatives when they are making location choices. Due the high search costs associated with the housing market, however, and the limited capacity of households to process information, the validity of this assumption has been an on-going debate among researchers. There have been some attempts in the literature to incorporate the cognitive capacities of households within discrete choice models of residential location: for instance, by modelling households’ choice sets exogenously based on simplifying assumptions regarding their spatial search behaviour (e.g., an anchor-based search strategy) and their characteristics. By undertaking an empirical comparison of alternative models within the context of residential location choice in the Greater London area this thesis investigates the feasibility and practicality of applying deterministic choice set formation approaches to capture the underlying search process of households. The thesis also investigates the uncertainty of choice sets in residential location choice modelling and proposes a simplified probabilistic choice set formation approach to model choice sets and choices simultaneously. The dwelling-level modelling framework proposed in this research is practice-ready and can be used to estimate residential location choice models at the level of dwelling units without requiring independent and disaggregated dwelling supply data. The empirical comparison of alternative exogenous choice set formation approaches provides a guideline for modellers and land use planners to avoid inappropriate choice set formation approaches in practice. Finally, the proposed simplified choice set formation model can be applied to model the behaviour of households in online real estate environments.
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Lo, Stephanie. "Increasing healthy food choices among individuals in a residential facility." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2216.
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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Stephanie Lo, for the Masters of Science degree in Behavior Analysis and Therapy, presented on May 11, 2017, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: INCREASING HEALTHY FOOD CHOICES AMONG INDIVIDUALS AT A RESIDENTIAL FACILITY. MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Ryan N. Redner Obesity and being overweight are rising issues in the United States and present unique challenges for individuals with disabilities. Even though individuals with disabilities are one of the most at risk groups for overweight and obesity, research with this population is lacking. The present study sought to build on behavior analytic research targeting weight loss in individuals with disabilities. The study examined the effect of goal setting plus feedback on eating behavior, specifically caloric intake, in two adult females with comorbid psychiatric and developmental disabilities. Results were variable, with only one participant completing all phases in the study. However, the intervention (goal plus feedback) was effective in decreasing caloric intake for both participants. This study adds to the limited research currently published on weight loss interventions with individuals with disabilities. Additionally, implications for future behavior analytic interventions on eating behaviors were discussed. Keywords: disabilities, overweight, obesity, food choice, goal setting, feedback
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Akinbogun, Solomon Pelumi. "Modelling residential tenants' choices with a grave as a negative externality." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2978.
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Economic theory considers every household as a rational being operating by the principles of bounded rationality to make a home choice with optimum utility in the residential market. This study investigates the impact of the negative externality of a grave on tenants' residential choice. Using Stated Preference method, the study examines three inter-twined problems of residential choice, willingness to pay and market regulatory mechanism. First, is the question on whether the location of a grave within a home affects tenants' residential choice and social welfare? It hypothesized that there is no significant relationship between income, education, family size and accessibility on the choice of home with grave. Second, is the question on economic value of a grave on a residential property's rent? Third, is the question on the efficiency of the Environmental Health law regulating the residential market? Fourth, is the question on the adequacy of neoclassical economics solution to the negative externality of a grave on residential property. The research methodology is dominantly quantitative. In particular, it applies choice modelling in an experimental study agenda to explore the effect of a residential property with a grave on tenants' residential choice and rent. It also examines tenants' sensitivity to a rent discount on a home with a grave in different parts namely, frontage, side, backyard and room. The context is the Private Renter Sector within the informal residential market in Akure, a State capital city in Southwestern Nigeria. To achieve these raison d'êtres, respondents are presented with discrete residential choices developed by Sawtooth software in a stochastic process. The choice context requires some moment of trade-off to reach a stated choice decision, which reveals tenants' WTP. Data analysis involves the use of basic probabilistic models; namely ordinary least square (OLS) and multinomial logit model (MNL). It progresses to the application of a Hierarchical Bayes (HB) model for a more robust and reliable parameter estimates The study reveals that most of the respondents prefer a choice of un-impacted property. The fixed choice model estimates shows that the majority of them would protect their social welfare by WTP 10 percent above the open market value of a property without a grave. Parameter estimates show that preference varies with respect to different locations of a grave within a residential property. Tenants most prefer a property with a grave at the backyard; this is followed by a preference for a home with a grave at the side, frontage and in a room respectively. The model's distribution of WTP estimates shows that a residential property with a grave would lose between 15 and 20 percent in rental. Sensitivity analysis shows that tenants' responsiveness to a high rent discount on residential property with a grave is inelastic; thus exposing the limitation of a neoclassical economics approach to welfare issues. Parameter estimates on attributes importance and contribution to the residential choice decision show that rent, accessibility and other variables all pale into insignificance in the face of the grave factor. The property market regulatory mechanism exemplified by the Environmental Health Law shows ambivalence and lack of definiteness in its exception to the rule. In conclusion, the study noted that the negative externality of a grave on residential property emerges from the violation of property right and partly the law. It problematizes the law and its' implementation as crucial to tenants' residential choice, rental value and welfare. Consequently, it argues for remedies from both legal perspective and market process; and advances a course for reappraisal of the Burial on Private on Premises Law. Ultimately, it argues for a welfare approach as exemplified in planning values to strike a healthy balance between land use for graves, residential choice, rental and social welfare.
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Zinser, Margaret Leah. "Culex quinquefasciatus host choices in residential, urban Tucson and at a constructed wetland." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292083.
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Blood fed Culex quinquefasciatus were collected from residential and wetland sites in Tucson, Arizona for three years using CDC gravid traps. An ELISA distinguishing human, bird, dog, cat, and rabbit blood meals was used. In residential areas, approximately 47% of all identified blood meals were from humans, with fewer blood meals from bird, dog, cat, and rabbit. At Sweetwater Wetland, humans were also the most common host, with 11 (41%) identified blood meals. Birds were the hosts of 19% blood meals. Ten (seven residential, three wetland) mosquitoes were identified to have blood from both bird and human hosts. Since the transmission of West Nile Virus to humans is dependent on mosquitoes feeding both on birds and humans, this finding is particularly relevant. These data only describe the feeding choices of the mosquitoes collected from a limited number of sites in Tucson, and therefore, may not reflect feeding preferences more generally.
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Schoeppner, Heidi Jo. "Overweight adolescents in West Virginia report healthier diet choices after a two-week residential camp." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10271.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 64 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-40).
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Min, Jihoon. "Energy Efficient Lighting: Consumer Preferences, Choices, and System Wide Effects." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/431.
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Lighting accounts for nearly 20% of overall U.S. electricity consumption, 14% of U.S. residential electricity consumption, and 6% of total U.S. carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions. A transition to alternative energy-efficient technologies could reduce this energy consumption considerably. We studied three questions related to energy efficiency lighting choices and consequences, which are: • Question 1: How large is the system-wide effect of a residential lighting retrofit with more efficient lighting technologies? • Question 2: Based on stated preference (SP) data, which factors influence consumer choices for general service light bulbs? What is the effect of the new lighting efficiency label mandated by the Federal Trade Commission? • Question 3: What can we learn about market trends and consumer choices from consumer panel data (i.e. revealed preference (RP) data) for general service light bulbs between 2004 and 2009? How can we compare the findings from SP and RP data, and which findings are robust across the two? In Chapter 2, we focus on the issue of lighting heat replacement effects. The issue is as follows: lighting efficiency goals have been emphasized in various U.S. energy efficiency policies. However, incandescent bulbs release up to 95% of input energy as heat, and it has been argued that replacing them with more efficient alternatives has a side effect in the overall building energy consumption: it increases the heating service that needs to be provided by the heating systems and decreases the cooling service that needs to be provided by the cooling systems. We investigate the net energy consumption, CO2e emissions, and saving in energy bills for single family detached houses across the U.S. as one moves towards more efficient lighting systems. In some regions, these heating and cooling effects from more efficient lighting can undermine up to 40% of originally intended primary energy savings, erode anticipated carbon savings completely, and lead to 30% less household monetary savings than intended. However, this overall effect is at most one percent of total emissions or energy consumption by a house. The size of the effect depends on various regional factors such as climate, electricity fuel mix, differences in emission factors of main energy sources used for heating and cooling, and electricity prices. Other tested factors such as building orientation, insulation level, occupancy scenario, or day length do not significantly affect the results. Then, in Chapter 3, we focus on factors that drive consumer choices for light bulbs. We collected stated preference data from a choice-based conjoint field experiment with 183 participants. We estimate discrete choice models from the data and find that politically liberal consumers have a stronger preference for compact fluorescent lighting technology and for low energy consumption. Greater willingness-to-pay for lower energy consumption and longer life is observed in conditions where estimated operating cost information was provided. Providing estimated annual cost information to consumers reduces their implicit discount rate by a factor of five, lowering barriers to adoption of energy efficient alternatives with higher up-front costs; however, even with cost information provided, consumers continue to use implicit discount rates of around 100%, which is larger than that estimated for other energy technologies. Finally, we complemented the stated preference study with a revealed preference study. This is because stated preference data alone have limitations in explaining consumer choices, as purchases are affected by many other factors that are outside of the experimenter control. We investigate consumer preferences for lighting technology based on revealed preference data between 2004 and 2009. We assess the trends in lighting sales for different lighting technologies across the country, and by store type. We find that, across the period between 2004 and 2009, sales of all general service light bulbs are almost monotonically decreasing, while CFL sales peaked in 2007. Thanks to increasing adoption of CFLs during the period, newly purchased light bulbs contributed to lowering carbon emissions and electricity consumption, while not sacrificing total produced lumens as much. We study consumer preferences for real light bulbs by estimating choice models, from which we estimate willingness-to-pay (WTP) for light bulb attributes (watt and type) and implicit discount rates (IDR) consumers adopt for their purchases. We find that the campaign for efficient bulbs in Wal-Mart in 2007 is potentially related to the peak in CFL adoption in 2007 in addition to the effects of the EISA or other factors/programs around the same period. Consumers are willing to pay, $1.84 more for a change from an incandescent bulb to a CFL and -$0.06 for 10W increase, the values which also include willingness-to-pays for corresponding changes in unobserved variables such as life and color. IDRs for four representative states range between around 230% and 330%, which is in a similar range we estimate from the choice experiment. Overall, even with energy efficiency labels, nationwide promotion of CFLs by retailers, or better availability of CFLs in the transforming residential lighting market, we see the barriers to energy efficient residential lighting are still persistent, which are reflected in high implicit discount rates observed from the models. While we can expect the EISA to be effective in lowering the barriers through regulation, it alone will not close energy efficiency gap in the residential lighting sector.
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Foti, Fletcher Scott. "A Behavioral Framework for Measuring Walkability and its Impact on Home Values and Residential Location Choices." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640431.
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Walking is underrepresented in large area models of urban behavior, largely due to difficulty in obtaining data and computational issues in representing land use at such a small scale. Recent advances in data availability, like the ubiquitous point-of-interest data collected by many private companies, as well as a worldwide dataset of local streets in OpenStreetMap, a standard format for obtaining transit schedules in GTFS, etc, provide the potential to build a scalable methodology to understand travel behavior at a pedestrian scale which can be applied wherever these datasets are available.
This dissertation improves on similar indexes like WalkScore by estimating a model that represents the substitution of destinations around a location and between the modes of walking, automobile, and transit. This model is estimated using the San Francisco Bay Area portion of the 2012 California Household Travel Survey to capture observed transportation behavior, and accounts for the demographics included in the survey. These representations of travel behavior can then be used as right-hand side variables in other urban models: for instance, to create a residential location choice model where measures of accessibility and available demographics are used to understand why people choose to live where they do.
This dissertation is organized into four topics, one for each of chapters 2-5. The first topic establishes a framework for measuring the network of destination opportunities in the city for each of the walking, transit, and auto transportation modes. Destinations in the form of parcels and buildings, businesses, population, and points of interest are tied to each network so that the distance from each location to every destination can be computed by mode. The use of a points-of-interest dataset as the set of public-facing destinations is novel in the context of a traditional travel demand destination model.
This chapter also creates a case study model of trip generation for home-based walking trips is the 2012 California Household Travel Survey. This model finds that WalkScore is predictive of walking trips, that residential density and 4-way intersections have an additional but small impact, and that regional access by the transit network has a synergistic effect on walking, but regional access by auto has no impact when controlling for regional access by transit.
The second topic engages with the question of the impact of accessibility to local amenities on home values. Although early research has found that the composite index WalkScore is positively correlated with home values, this dissertation unpacks the impact of each category of destination used in WalkScore (as well as several others) on home values. The model shows that some amenities are far more predictive of home values in the datasets used here; in particular, cafes and coffee shops tend to be the indicator of neighborhood-scale urban fabric that has the largest positive relationship with home values, where a one standard deviation increase in access to cafes is associated with a 15\% increase in home values.
Although the previous topic provides some evidence that walkable amenities are related to increased home values with the datasets analyzed here, it does not prove that households are valuing walking to these amenities; it is equally plausible that households are capitalizing short driving trips into increased home values. The third topic thus creates a nested mode-destination model for each trip purpose (with destinations nested into modes) so that the logsums of the lower nest give an absolute measure of the accessibility by mode for each purpose for each location in the region.
These logsums are then weighted by the number of trips made for each purpose, and segmented by income and weighted by the incomes of the people that live at each location in the city. The result is an index based only on empirically observed behavior (in this case, the primary dataset is the 2012 CHTS) which is an absolute measure of walking behavior, not just of walkability. The methodology from this chapter yields an index for all three modes, and all indexes are included in the hedonic model described above. The model shows that a one standard deviation change in the auto index has the largest impact on home values, but that the walking index is positive, statistically significant, and almost as large. Although part of the reason for this finding might be that these neighborhoods are undersupplied, where they exist they are clearly in high demand. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Block-Schachter, David. "Hysteresis and urban rail : the effects of past urban rail on current residential and travel choices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73697.
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Thesis (Ph. D. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-284).
Cities are endowed with and accumulate assets based on their unique histories, which in turn define the choice set of the present. These assets range from the natural-sheltered ports, fertile land--to the constructed--concrete and cement, institutions and people. This dissertation examines the effects of one of these assets, urban rail, on residential location and travel behavior, from the era of horsecars and streetcars to the present in Boston. It explores the hysteretical effects of past access to rail--the extent to which the urban system retains the impacts of rail even when it no longer exists. Current density and travel behavior are measurably influenced by past access to rail. The built environment and demographic patterns are found to be the strongest mechanism for these persistent effects. Past access to rail has shaped the city, and that shape has, in turn, affected travel behavior. For density and auto ownership there is an additional measurable effect of past access unexplained by the built environment or demographic patterns. This legacy is plausibly explained by cultural effects--mnemonics--due to personal history, behavioral norms, and zoning/politics. Past access to rail has a stronger effect on density than on auto ownership. The daily choice of modes is almost entirely conditioned on current circumstances. Because places shaped by rail retain its imprint, these findings imply that there is need to consider how policy decisions will influence the city's future choice set. The greatest benefits from the endowments of urban rail are likely where redevelopment costs are low and growth potential is high--particularly light industrial areas near strong central cities. Realizing these changes requires mechanisms that allow and encourage government and private entities to be patient with the long time frames for adaptation to rail infrastructure. One such step is requiring, rather than allowing, supportive zoning and other policies within the Federal Transit Administration's New Starts capital program--including such items as increased as-of-right density, reasonable limits on parking, car sharing, and graduated drivers licensing laws. This research strengthens prior findings that similar approaches can encourage sustainable cultural norms.
by David Block-Schachter.
Ph.D.in Transportation
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Ozturk, Erdogan. "Accounting for space in intrametropolitan household location choices." Columbus, OH : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1054271160.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 134 p.: ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Elena G. Irwin, Dept. of Agricultural, Environmental, and Developmental Economics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-134).
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Limbumba, Tatu Mtwangi. "Exploring social-cultural explanations for residential location choices : the case of an African City - Dar es Salaam." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12136.
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This study explores the factors urban residents consider when making residential location decisions. The context of the study is informal residential areas in a rapidly urbanising African city – the city of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. A central concern in the study is how the urban poor make their residential location decisions; the assumption is that with income limitations the urban poor rely on other non-economic resources to enable their residential location decisions in the context of rapid urban growth and urban poverty. The study attempts to question residential location choice concepts that rely on economic approaches as well as question explanations based on the developing world experiences.The study suggests that in the absence of reliable incomes, social networks and informalchannels prevail in the decision-making process. The concept of social capital where networks and social relationships are used as a resource by individuals or groups to achieve goals is explored in a residential choices framework. Demonstrated through in-depth interviews with heads of households settling close to the CBD (termed the inner city), the intermediate informal residential areas and the peri-urban residential areas; the study shows how socio-cultural factors play a role in the decision makingprocess of households. This is illustrated inter alia, in the form of informal channels for information on accommodation and residential plots, being accommodated rent-free by a relative, the actions of subsequently making short-distance moves to a location within proximity of a relative, or seeking people of the same socio-economic status. The context within which the actions have taken place has also been shown to be important in corroborating the network and relationship elements in the concept of social capital. The uncertainty that residents in rapidly urbanizing cities have to deal with on an everyday basis calls for networks and relations as an important resource for survival. The study goes further to suggest how urban planning practice can learn from the social processes. The study is based on qualitative methods such as in-depth interviewing with heads of household and key informants.
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Limbumba, Tatu Mtwangi. "Exploring social-cultural explanations for residential location choices the case of an African City - Dar es Salaam /." Stockholm : Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11393.
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Forder, Julien. "The organisation of social care in England : markets, hierarchies and contract choices in residential care for older people." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/136/.
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This thesis is concerned with strategic (economic) organisation, as applied to the long-term care system in England. This work adopts a transaction cost perspective. The main hypotheses are: first, that the transaction costs generated by (public sector) hierarchies in social care are lower than those generated in quasi-markets. Second, that production costs in hierarchies are greater than in markets. Third, that contingent contract use is associated with comparatively higher prices and mark-up rates, and greater net transaction costs. The motivation for this work is first to address perceived limitations of the theory in a comparative public sector application. Second, to inform the empirical and policy debate on social care reform. Following an account of the historical policy and institutional context, a multi-period, comparative theoretical model was developed, building on the contract theory literature. It underpins a systematic empirical analysis of care home services - at local authority and care home level - for older people in 1998 and 1999. Various estimation techniques addressed the skewed nature of the data and the panel design. The estimation results supported the theoretical hypotheses. Point estimates of marginal and average transaction costs were £6 and £21 per place per week respectively for hierarchies and £41 and £56 for placements under the market governance archetype, statistically significant differences. For production costs, a significant difference was found in the other direction: £89 for hierarchy and £55 for markets at the margin. Overall, the total (production + transaction) costs were not significantly different. Contingent contract use was associated with higher prices relative to average variable costs of 8% of average price compared with non-contingent contracts. The analysis pointed to low profitability rates and that providers are not solely motivated by profit (only taking 55% of potential profit). Policy implications were explored for both the markets-hierarchies and contracts analyses.
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Yao, Mingzhu. "Modeling households' long-term mobility and residential decisions and short-term time use/travel choices :group decision-based approaches." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/655.
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Understanding household long-term decisions concerning residential location/relocation, car ownership and short-term activity travel choices are crucial for land use and transport planning. However, when addressing these issues, multitudes of choice models applying individual or unitary household decision-making mechanisms have dominated in transport studies, ignoring the interactions among household members in consensual decision making in real situations. To promote the investigation of these issues from a group decision-making perspective, this study explores the applicability of various group decision-making approaches to investigate multiple long-term decisions and short-term choices. Specifically, this thesis has four main research objectives: 1) adopt a utilitarian approach to develop an integrated model that links household members' consensual long-term decisions like housing, vehicle ownership and short-term activity-travel decisions like time use, explicitly capturing expenditure tradeoff for long-term decisions on housing and car ownership; 2) employ the Nash bargaining approach to model household members' consensual car ownership choice and examine this choice from the perspective of household time allocation; 3) apply an egalitarian bargaining approach (capture household members' concern for equity) to model household residential relocation choice, make a comparative study among this approach, Nash bargaining approach, and conventional utilitarian approach, and then accommodate these heterogeneous group decision mechanisms in a unified modeling framework; 4) examine the impacts of vehicle usage rationing policy on household car ownership and spouses' time allocation patterns. The database that serves for empirical applications of the formulated models is from a two-wave household activity-travel diary survey conducted in Beijing. This thesis contributes to current literature by adopting new approaches to investigate various group decision-making mechanisms among household members, comparing and assessing the predictive performance of different group decision approaches, as well as explicitly capturing household's long-term expenditure tradeoff. Insights and findings from this study are helpful for gaining profound understanding of spatial distribution of residence, household car ownership and individuals' activity-travel patterns, which will be conducive to the formulation of relevant policies for sustainable urban development.
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Few, Janet Mary. "Faith, fish, farm or family? : the impact of kinship links and communities on migration choices and residential persistence in North Devon 1841-1901." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/88193.
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From Ravenstein onwards, historians considering the causes of migration have stressed the importance of economic factors. Whilst work related issues have been shown to prompt the majority of migrations, the role of extended kin deserves further attention. Plakans and Wetherell found that, the ‘placing [of the] domestic group within a larger kin context’, seen as the next logical research step as long ago as the 1970s, was an issue that remained largely unaddressed in 2003. Here the impact of the extended family, on migration decisions and the likelihood of residential persistence, is investigated. Evidence for community cohesion has been sought and kinship links have been investigated; both have been found to influence the residential patterns of individuals. This research has revealed that, whilst economics may provide the impetus for a move, cultural factors and the role of non-resident kin played a far greater part in the decision to migrate, or not, than most previous studies have acknowledged. It has been shown that, although kinship impacted upon both, reasons for emigration were very different from those for migration. The substantial role played by religious belief, not only as a motivation for the emigration of extended family groups, but also as an issue influencing the choice of destination, is a particular feature of the findings of this study. In 1994, Pryce and Drake were ‘making a strong plea for the adoption of rigorous intellectual approaches in migration research’ and the methods used here address this appeal. A technique of total reconstruction and longitudinal tracing has been employed in order to investigate the inhabitants of three small areas of North Devon. A comprehensive range of sources has been used and an in-depth examination of exemplar migrants and the residentially persistent, has allowed possible motivations to be scrutinised. In this way, the details of the structures and processes observed become clearer. In the context of family reconstitution, Barry Reay wrote of ‘a dearth of such studies of nineteenth-century England’ and it is intended that the methods used in this research will facilitate a wider understanding of the factors that motivated migrants in Victorian rural England. Whilst considering the influences of kin and community on migration patterns in the three study areas, the relative roles of other factors have been taken into account. It has been necessary to look at economic patterns and to investigate how, for example, farming and fishing, and any nineteenth century changes therein, affected the lives of the inhabitants. In an area where, and at a time when, non-conformist religion took a particular hold, the effect that the faith of these individuals had on their decisions to move, or stay put, has been assessed. Thus, the issues of faith, fish, farm and family are all borne in mind when studying the motivations for the migration decisions of the inhabitants of the three settlements.
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Ahrens, Kayayan Vartan. "Life cycle assessment comparison of two residential buildings using wood and concrete in Sweden : A Global Warming Potential comparison between material choices within Attacus Stomsystem AB chain of production with considerations for temporal dynamics." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekoteknik- och hållbart byggande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41963.
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Using the case study of a six-floor residential building with 4254 m2 living area and its supply chains, service life and disposal in the Swedish context, a conventional life cycle assessment focused on Global Warming Potential was carried out. The assessment is incomplete because sections B1-B5 were not taken into consideration. A Time Adjusted Warming Potential was also calculated from the conventional results to address the dynamics in the long service life of wooden and concrete buildings. The results are 358 kg CO2 eq/m2 and 175 kg CO2 eq/m2 for concrete and wood, respectively. Of the alternatives analyzed, both using slag concrete and combining the materials in hybrid buildings were shown to have significant reduction potential. The dynamic analysis did not change the overarching results because they strengthened the existing differences. Temporal recalculations were responsible for substantial difference, between 11% (full life cycle for concrete building) and 55% (post-use carbonation) in the categories which apply. This thesis therefore argues for these dynamic issues to be further addressed in the field of LCA methodology. Taking time of emission into consideration leads significant difference in the results particularly in products which have longer life cycles such as the construction industry. These should be addressed in a systematic way.2020-06-05
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Horowitz, Marvin J. "Economic determinants of residential mortgage choice." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/827.
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Variable rate mortgages (VRMs) have been introduced into the mortgage market as a means of addressing the housing finance problems encountered over the past two decades. To learn more about the demand for VRMs, this study analyzes borrower choice behavior and its economic determinants. In order to estimate the probability of borrowers choosing VRMs rather than conventional fixed rate mortgages, discrete choice (logit) models are specified and validated for both cross-section and pooled time-series cross-section data samples. These samples contain mortgage application information for the years 1978 through 1981. They were drawn from the Loan Register Report of the California Department of Savings and Loan. The probability of choosing a VRM is estimated as a function of selected price components of the mortgage instrument, borrower characteristics, and economic expectations.
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Emond, Céline. "Les transferts sociaux locaux, entre interactions stratégiques et déterminants des choix résidentiels : une contribution empirique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0048.
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Les politiques françaises de redistribution locale sont relativement méconnues et ne font pas l'objet de beaucoup de travaux. Elles représentent pourtant un enjeu important. Elles regroupent une multitude de prestations sociales qui s'adaptent aux configurations familiales et territoriales. Elles sont un outil flexible, largement utilisé par les collectivités locales et peuvent avoir des effets non négligeables notamment sur les ménages en situation précaire.Le caractère décentralisé des politiques de redistribution locale fait émerger deux problématiques correspondant aux deux aspects étudiés dans cette thèse. D'une part, nous interrogeons les choix politiques qui guident l'offre de transferts sociaux locaux. Nous inscrivons notre réflexion dans le cadre des théories sur les interactions stratégiques, qui avancent que les élus locaux adoptent des comportements stratégiques basés sur la comparaison et prennent leurs décisions en fonction des collectivités voisines. Partant du constat que de nombreux travaux, dans plusieurs pays font état de la présence d'interactions stratégiques dans la fixation des taux d'imposition, nous nous concentrons sur l'aspect dépenses sociales. Nous montrons leur présence dans des choix de transferts sociaux au niveau local. Nous observons en effet des phénomènes de mimétisme. Notre analyse montre également que, entre les deux origines de ce mécanisme souvent avancées, la comparaison politique et la mobilité, la seconde joue un rôle significatif. Les collectivités locales tendent à augmenter leur niveau de générosité avec la faible mobilité des individus.En second lieu, cette thèse s'intéresse aux conséquences de la décentralisation des transferts sociaux locaux sur la demande des différents types de ménages en faveur de redistribution. Nous étudions les choix des ménages en termes de mobilité résidentielle et de localisation en fonction de l'offre de biens et services publics locaux. Nous questionnons ainsi les phénomènes de sélection adverse liés aux choix politiques locaux. Les résultats mettent l'accent sur le fait que les ménages défavorisés sont peu mobiles et connaissent plus de trajectoires résidentielles descendantes. Nous montrons également que la générosité des villes joue un rôle significatif dans la localisation des ménagesFrench policies of redistribution set at the local level are little known and have not been the topic of many works. Yet they represent a major challenge. They include a multitude of benefits that fit family configurations in different territories. They are a flexible tool, widely used by local governments and which may have a significant impact on poor households.The decentralized nature of local redistribution policies naturally raises two main questions corresponding to the two aspects studied in this thesis. First, we question the political choices that guide the provision of local social transfers. We base our analysis on the literature about strategic interactions which suggests that local policy-makers adopt strategic behavior relying on the comparison of surrounding governments. Numerous studies in many countries have reported the presence of strategic interactions in the setting of local tax rates. Those focusing on the spending side are less frequent. We show that strategic interactions also exist when deciding the level of social transfers at the local level. One can observe mimicry mecanisms. Our work shows that, between the two origins of this phenomenon that are usually put forward, yardstick comparison and mobility, the second plays a significant role. Local authorities tend to increase their level of generosity when the mobility levels of individuals are low.Second, the other consequence of the decentralization of local social transfers is related to the different types of households' demand for redistribution. We study the choices of households in terms of residential mobility and location associated with the supply of local public goods and services. We question the adverse selection phenomena related to local political choices. The results emphasize the fact that poor households are less mobile and experience more downward residential trajectories. We also show that the generosity of cities plays a significant role in the location of the households
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Dawkins, Casey J. "Tiebout choice and residential segregation by race." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23929.
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Li, Weixuan S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Modeling household residential choice using multiple imputation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92596.
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Thesis: S.M. in Transportation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014.Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2014.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-98).
Households are one of the core agents in the urban system. Household behavior plays a crucial role in urban system performance and can profoundly shape the urban landscape. This thesis examines households' behavior in the housing market. Current integrated urban systems models provide few insights into the capability of random bidding models in simulating household residential choice behavior; rarely have random bidding models been applied in a micro-simulation context, due to insufficient data. Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is to explore a possible technique - Multiple Imputation - to integrate observations from dissimilar data sets to meet the data requirements of random bidding models of the housing market, and to test the capability of such a model. The data used in this thesis come from two distinct data sets: 1) Singapore's Household Interview Travel Survey 2008, providing household demographic, socioeconomic and travel information; and 2) the Urban Redevelopment Authority's Real Estate Information System, which includes detailed descriptions of attributes of private dwellings that were purchased during 2008. Observations from these data sets, households and dwelling units, are firstly matched using Multiple Imputation; the resulting data are used to estimate a random bidding model using the bid-auction approach in a micro-simulation context - providing a rare example of a microscopic application of random bidding models. This thesis validates the effectiveness of the Multiple Imputation method for matching observations from household and real estate data sets for estimating behavioral models. The estimation of the random bidding model shows that family structure is the most important factor shaping a household's willingness-to-pay for dwelling attributes. Households with children apparently more strongly consider the living environment for their children. Household income influences references as well, but not as much as family structure does. In general, households' willingness-to-pay increase with income level. The limitations of this thesis include the need to and means of grouping households and the few variables to represent dwelling and zonal attributes. Future research should aim to better represent dwelling units and their neighborhoods as well as incorporate more behavioral economics to better understand and predict household behavior in the housing market.
by Weixuan Li.
S.M. in Transportation
M.C.P.
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De, Senna Fernandes Linda Micaela Monteiro. "Residential burglary in Macao a rational choice analysis /." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38937761.
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Machler, Leonard. "Evaluating how neighbourhood housing diversity relates with residential location choice, residential satisfaction and health." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56265.
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Urban planners have long advocated strategies that enable a broad spectrum of the population to live in their preferred communities. In particular, planning researchers emphasize the importance of enabling households with preferences for Smart Growth communities to match. Living in Smart Growth communities – characterized by higher densities, more mixed land uses, and better access to transport alternatives to the car - has been empirically linked with improved health, environmental and economic outcomes. One widely cited neighbourhood matching strategy is to increase the level of housing mix - or the diversity and distribution of different housing typologies within a neighbourhood - to permit households of lesser financial means to trade living space for an opportunity to live in their desired communities. However, no empirical study has investigated whether increased neighbourhood housing mix is associated with higher levels of neighbourhood matching in the population. The purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate the effectiveness of housing mix as a planning strategy. Using data obtained from a residential preference survey of 1,186 Vancouver area households, this project investigates the association between neighbourhood housing mix and the ability for households to match into their preferred neighbourhood type. The project also tests the association between neighbourhood match and neighbourhood satisfaction as well as the association between neighbourhood match and two measures of health: self-reported health status and body mass index (BMI). Neighbourhood match is defined two ways: based on a survey respondent’s subjective interpretation of their actual neighbourhood design compared to their preferences (i.e. “subjective match), and a comparison of the respondent’s survey-indicated preference versus an objective assessment of their community based on measurable features of the built environment (i.e. “objective match”). Findings reveal that housing mix only significantly predicts objective match, and significant associations are limited to owner-occupiers and respondents under the age of 60. Objective match is not a significant predictor of neighbourhood satisfaction or health. This dissertation concludes that housing mix is not an effective planning strategy for enabling households with Smart Growth preferences to live in their desired community.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Alsaiari, Hamad Nasser. "Residential Preference at Transit-oriented Development: A Visual Choice Experiment." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86176.
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Insufficient knowledge of residential preferences represents a major obstacle to achieving residential satisfaction and quality of life. This obstacle is even greater in the case of transit-oriented developments (TODs), as their success depends, in part, on the degree to which people's preferences are consistent with their residential environments. This study employed a visual choice experiment, which combines the benefits of visual preference surveys and discrete choice experiments, to elicit residential preference for TODs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, before the opening of its citywide public transportation system. Using a seemingly homogeneous sample of participants, the analysis incorporated three analytical methods to elicit residential preference: a multinomial logit model, a mixed logit model, and a latent class model. The results indicated the presence of preference heterogeneity and the emergence of four lifestyle classes that could explain and predict residential preference patterns. People with similar sociodemographic characteristics may have different lifestyles based on their choice behavior, marital status, and public transit attitudes. Additionally, the results showed a strong preference for low-density housing, even among those who favor living in a TOD; however, increasing density could be mitigated through the presence of other TOD attributes. The findings of this research point to the diversity of residential preferences and suggest that providing a variety of residential environments increases the likelihood that people will find their preferred environment. Additionally, planning efforts to convert all developments near transit, particularly in suburban locations, to TODs might be unsuitable in cities where public transportation has been introduced only recently. Instead, deferring TOD conversion efforts until public transportation and its use are mature may attract people to live near transit and encourage the gradual development of transit affinity in residents who may otherwise reject TOD living completely. Lastly, the successful application of a visual choice experiment in this research opens up a variety of potential analytical methods that are used commonly in other fields and have the potential to move visual preference research into the realm of robust empirical investigation.Ph. D.
The work of urban planners, urban designers, architects, and policy makers centers on improving the built environment and increasing the quality of people’s lives. However, their work entails making decisions that are not always in tandem with people’s preferences (e.g., increasing housing density, proposing a mix of land uses in residential neighborhoods, introducing public transportation close to where people live and work, to name a few). Due to the uncertainty surrounding people’s acceptance of modifications of the built environment, especially when it entails introducing residential attributes for the first time, this dissertation focused on 1) assessing residential preference near public transportation nodes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia before operation of the public transportation system, and 2) assessing the extent to which advanced analytical methods are capable of providing a better understanding of residential preference differences among a seemingly homogenous sample of participants. The work in this dissertation was motivated by the increasing use of manipulated images in choice tasks, where participants are presented with multiple images, each depicting a residential scenario, as bundles to choose from, and their choice patterns then recorded and analyzed. The results showed that among the relatively homogenous sample of participants that was recruited, four significant residential preference patterns have emerged, which could be used to describe and predict residential preference and choice with great accuracy. This dissertation laid out several policy implications that could be useful in providing a built environment that matches with what people want. It also provided research implications and suggestions on the use of visual choice experiments for urban planners and designers that are well-developed in other fields of inquiry.
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Gueymard, Sandrine. "Inégalités environnementales en région Ile-de-France : répartition socio-spatiale des ressources, des handicaps et satisfaction environnementale des habitants." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST3013.
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Encore peu explorée à ce jour, la thématique des inégalités environnementales fait l’objet d’un intérêt grandissant en France. Parmi les multiples définitions proposées et les quelques tentatives d’évaluation réalisées, une acception semble toutefois plus fréquemment rencontrée. Cette dernière renvoie à l’existence d’inégalités sociales dans l’accès aux ressources environnementales et l’exposition aux nuisances, risques et pollutions. Cette thèse s’est donc proposée, à l’échelle de la région Ile-de-France, d’explorer les relations qu’entretiennent les caractéristiques physiques de l’environnement et les caractéristiques socio-économiques des individus et des territoires. Partant d’indicateurs statistiques usuels, sociaux et environnementaux, deux typologies multicritères ont été réalisées à l’échelle des 1300 communes franciliennes. Leur croisement permet de confirmer l’existence d’une correspondance globale entre les caractéristiques environnementales et sociales des communes et ce, à la fois à l’échelle régionale ainsi qu’à l’échelle plus réduite des départements de première couronne francilienne. Nos résultats révèlent toutefois des liaisons plus ou moins prononcées selon les facteurs environnementaux renseignés et plus particulièrement selon la nature même de ces facteurs, porteurs d’aménités ou de désaménités environnementales. Cette première lecture est alors complétée par une enquête par questionnaires auprès des habitants de 6 communes franciliennes (600 personnes). L’enquête, centrée sur le vécu environnemental des habitants, réaffirme en premier lieu l’importance de la qualité de l’environnement en tant que facteur de choix et d’arbitrage résidentiel des ménages. Parmi les variables renseignées, deux registres explicatifs apparaissent plus particulièrement structurants des différences de satisfaction constatées: (i) l’ancrage résidentiel et la relation affective qui s’instaure au lieu de vie ; (ii) la confiance que les individus accordent aux moyens d’action collectifs pour prendre en charge les attentes qu’ils expriment en matière d’environnement. Aussi, l’analyse des déterminants de la satisfaction environnementale révèle que la satisfaction serait peut être moins directement dépendante des variables socio-économiques stricto sensu, des caractéristiques « objectives » de l’environnement, que des capacités et aptitudes différenciées des individus de contrôler leur environnement et d’agir sur celui-ci. Ce faisant, les informations livrées par le ressenti de la population in situ adressent des questions à la mesure empirique des inégalités environnementales et au cadre d’analyse, encore aujourd’hui en débat, de telles situations inégalitairesStill little investigated until now, the issue of environmental inequalities is a subject of growing interest in France. Among numerous definitions and a few evaluation attempts, one understanding seems to be more common. It refers to social inequalities in regard of both the access to environmental resources and the exposure to nuisances, risks and pollution. This thesis’ purpose was to explore the relations between the physical characteristics of the environment and the socio-economic characteristics of the individuals and the territories on the scale of the Paris metropolitan area. Two multi-criteria typologies were carried out on the scale of the 1300 cities belonging to the Paris metropolitan area, based on usual statistical indicators – both social and environmental. The crossing of these typologies confirmed the existence of an overall match between the environmental and social characteristics of the cities. This appeared to be true both on the regional scale and on a smaller scale, the departments of Paris’ inner suburbs. Our results revealed connections that are more or less distinct depending on the examined environmental factors and particularly on the very nature of these factors, i.e. whether they encompass environmental amenities or desamenities. The empirical research in form of questionnaires and distributed among inhabitants of 6 cities of the Paris metropolitan area (600 people) completed this first approach. The survey, focusing on the personal environmental experience of the inhabitants, initially reaffirmed the importance of environmental quality as selection criteria and residential arbitration for the households. Among the examined variables, two explanatory registers appeared especially structurant of the recorded differences in satisfaction: (i) the residential anchorage and the emotional relation taking place in the living space ; (ii) the trust individuals grant to means of collective action to convey their environmental expectations. Therefore, the analysis of the determinants of environmental satisfaction unveiled that satisfaction would be be less directly related to neither sole socio-economic variables or “objective” environmental data than to the individuals’ differentiated capacities and aptitudes to control their environment and act upon it. Hence, the information collected on site driven by the population’s feeling questions the empirical measurement of environmental inequalities as well as the framework of analysis for such unequal situations– at this stage still an ongoing discussion
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Bayoh, Isaac Moussa. "Estimating the determinants of household residential location choice using a multinomial, discrete choice model." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1374586719.
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Mullins, Ralph. "Residential care for elderly people : a positive or pragmatic choice." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358600.
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Kazi, Paula Mehboob. "Essays on retirement and the residential choice of the elderly." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Livy, Mitchell R. "Assessing the Impact of Environmental Amenities on Residential Location Choice." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1434722062.
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Guma, Rosa. "Middle-Class Immigration and Residential Preferences in Stockholm." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-143919.
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This thesis reviews theories about migration, relocation and residential choice focusing on middle-class migrants as the target group within the Swedish context. I argue that middle-class migrants represent an increasing group of migrants within the European Union since the economic crisis of 2008. This time period has seen increased migrant fluxes mainly from Southern to Northern European states. The middle-class migrants have particularities that distinguish them from traditional mass migration. This study aims to learn more about their reasons to move to another country (in this study, Sweden) and their process of settlement (and integration) within the urban context in Stockholm) assessing which factors affect their residential choices. On the basis of qualitative methods, I assess the results of the research interviews of a convenient sample of 9 middle-class newcomers to Stockholm, with previous literature. Results of this study suggest that individual residential choices are related to socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, taste and previous personal experiences. Nevertheless, residential choices and the process of settlement and territorial integration are also limited due to the nature of the housing market, the institutional context, tenure choice, sources of information and economic constraints. In short, the middle-class immigrants represent a small group, which is heterogeneous in terms of culture, race, profession, level of education, country of origin, languages, that shows preference for diversity and the inner city. They do not show preference for co-ethnic or cultural concentration, neither tendency to segregation at the neighborhood scale.
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Milligan, Ian. "A positive choice approach to residential child care : challenges and resources." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510857.
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Shlasky, S. "Occupational choice and career orientations of residential care workers in Israel." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372057.
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Alabi, Ijeoma Uchenna. "Tenant’s choice of residential property location in Mankweng Township, Polokwane Local Municipality." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1163.
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Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2013The aim of the study was to carry out an analysis of the factors influencing tenants’ choice of residential property location in Mankweng Township. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The structured questionnaire, interview and documented literature were used to collect data. The data were analysed using the SPSS statistical package and the Excel spread sheet. To this end, specific working objectives were formulated as follows: to identify the types of residential property in the study area, to determine the factors which influence the choice of residential property location in the study area and lastly, to compare the relationships that exist among the residents in Mankweng Township. The results of the research showed that among all the factors marital status, age, household’s size, race, education and income were not among the factors influencing the choice of residential location in Mankweng Township. However, gender, employment status, distance from city centre, hospital, place of worship, security or police station, water and electricity significantly influenced the choice of residential location choice in Mankweng Township. The study therefore recommends government to be more responsive and active in the provision of urban infrastructure and services in every neighbourhood. This will help address the major reason why tenants search for accommodation from one location to another. In addition, real estate investors should consider the availability of infrastructure before choosing a location for community development. Thus, when urban facilities and services are evenly distributed, this may enhance proper development in the community
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Chatzivasileiadi, Aikaterini. "The choice and architectural implications of battery storage technologies in residential buildings." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/94549/.
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This thesis investigated the implications of the integration of battery storage technologies on the architectural design of buildings, providing design considerations for architects and built environment practitioners. The study focused on the UK residential sector, considering ‘high energy’ battery applications in grid-connected systems, which provide the possibility of ‘island’ mode operation for a period of several hours up to several days. The implications were assessed in different scenarios in 2030, addressing business as usual, the implementation of energy efficiency and demand response measures, electric heating and electrification of transport. The research was split into three phases and was conducted through quantitative and qualitative methods. Phase 1 included the analysis of the energy storage side, which led to a classification of battery storage technologies and their characteristics into a database. The analysis in this phase was conducted through a systematic literature review, contact with battery manufacturers and other stakeholders, exploration of case studies, as well as interviews to battery stakeholders. Phase 2 included the modelling of the energy demand side, which explored the evolution of the peak demand and electricity consumption in various residential building scales in 2030. Phase 3 used the outputs from Phase 1 and Phase 2 to assess the applicability of nine battery technologies in different building scales, their spatial requirements, such as footprint, volume, mass, ventilation, location and their cost. The findings suggest that the implications for building design are of great importance regarding the applicability of battery technologies in different building scales and of minor importance as regards the footprint, volume and mass requirements. The study reveals the most suitable technologies for each residential scale and scenario in 2030 regarding their spatial requirements and cost.
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Lemieux, William J. "Urban housing tenure choice from an economic and demographic perspective." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24400.
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This thesis evaluates the influence of family life cycle stages as a factor of residential tenure choice. The importance of tenure choice is being more widely recognized through the greater use of housing market and demand models. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the knowledge of the tenure decision process so that planners, policy makers, and other market participants are more effective in achieving their goals.
In this study an empirical analysis is performed using urban Canadian data for households with head's between the age of 25 and 44. Eight family life cycle stages are used to classify households. A joint tenure choice and mobility model is used to test for ownership probability differences among the life cycle stages. Within the study framework allowances are made for recent and non-recent movers.
The results indicate that family life cycle stages impact on tenure choice, and that this occurs outside of their impact on expected mobility (or holding period). The life cycle stage impact is strong through the effect of household reactions to income and wealth, and weak through just group membership. This suggests that utility preferences for ownership tend to shift as households progress through various life cycle stages. When elasticities are estimated they are found to reflect the different housing consumption and mobility decisions of households at different family life cycle stages. This also
supports the concept of a changing utility preference function.
In general this study finds that tenure choice is affected by consumption and mobility influences that result from different family life cycle stage demands. Further research studies, government and business policies, dealing with residential tenure choice are encouraged to recognize family life cycle stages and the impact of household expected mobility.Business, Sauder School of
Real Estate Division
Graduate
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Teater, Barbra A. "Residential mobility and the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program factors predicting mobility and the residential decision-making process of recipients /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164641312.
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Tak, Min Young. "Transition and choice in residential long-term care for older people in England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:49ce17a1-ba76-4fb8-ae94-a7fd35c2fa5e.
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Care transition, the process of moving from community care to residential care, is one of the biggest changes that older people can experience in their later life. Evidence from the literature suggests that older people's experiences of care transition tend to be negative and traumatic, with most of them being little involved in the process of care transition. How older people exercise choice during the period of care transition is important for understanding their experiences of care transition for the following two reasons: first, choice has been referred to in the literature as the key to less stressful care transition experiences, which can subsequently lead to a better quality of life in residential homes; second, the introduction of choice in public services has been the key plank of British social policy in recent decades and there has been a movement towards extending choice in residential care. This research aims to study older people's care transition experiences and their exercise of choice during the process of care transition, to explore the meaning and the perceived effects of choice and to identify the role of choice in promoting a positive care transition. This thesis presents findings from 48 in-depth interviews with older people who became new residents in one of the ten participating residential homes in London and had their care paid for by the local authority. This research identified four groups of older people who showed marked differences in terms of their needs, their exercise of choice during the care transition process and their adaptation to residential care: Active Planners, Conformists, the Unsettled and Shelter-Seekers. The findings from this research suggest that the older people's care transition experiences varied and that they stretch beyond the prevailing evidence emphasising the stressfulness of the care transition. The cases of Active Planners and Shelter-Seekers show the potential for positive roles for care homes in the case of users with genuine needs for residential care. An overwhelming majority of the older people who were interviewed were great proponents of choice and many of them actively exercised choice in the course of their care transition. This challenges the claim of the passivity of older people which has been argued in the literature. However, the cases of some Conformists who did not want to exercise choice also highlight that having no choice can be a choice for some older people. On the whole, older people’s exercise of choice played an important role in facilitating a positive transition, despite it not being a precondition for such a transition. However, there were administrative issues limiting the level and the extent of choice that were available to the older people and the Unsettled experienced an undesired move into a care home, having their choices denied or rejected. This thesis also questions the working of choice and competition in residential care, as the older people did not seem to enjoy the expected benefits of choice relating to service improvements which have been argued for in the literature.
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Sikkel, Hans Arnold. "An investigation into factors influencing high density residential locational choice in Cape Town." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33401.
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Khoo-Lattimore, Cathryn Suan chin, and n/a. "Home truths : understanding the key motives that underlie consumer home choice." University of Otago. Department of Marketing, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090807.144732.
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This thesis aims to identify the motivating factors driving consumers home purchase decisions from the consumer's point of view. Although there is an abundance of past real estate research, dating back as far as the 1920's, the factors shaping consumers home choice have not been fully explored. Past research has tended to assume that homebuyers arrive at a decision following a logical and rational decision making process. These studies have also tended to focus on utilitarian or economic factors shaping home choice. Although past research has unquestionably added to the understanding of home purchase behaviour, the focus on utilitarian and economic factors does not explain decisions that are underpinned by deep-seated motives. The present thesis extends past research by exploring the less tangible, non-economic aspects of home choice in order to provide a fuller story of why and how people consume homes.
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the unsolicited motives underlying consumers' home choices, therefore, a qualitative technique known as ZMET was employed. Based on the notion of unconscious thoughts, ZMET uses visual images gathered and/or generated by consumers to elicit and probe the metaphors that represent their thoughts and feelings. For the present study, 14 consumers who had recently placed an offer on a home took part in the ZMET interview. The present methodology extends past property research which has predominantly taken a quantitative approach.
The findings of the study provide a rich insight into the motivations behind consumer home choice. Firstly, it reveals that the pre-purchase checklists used by many homebuyers and real estate agents are inaccurate representation of consumer home choice, and explains why this is so. Secondly, it demonstrates the influence of twenty four motives, including three central constructs (space, nature and views) on consumer home choice and highlights the fact that autobiographical memories underpins many of the motives to impact on choice. Thirdly, it provides a model mapping out the interaction between utilitarian and hedonic motives, which evokes a network of feelings, sensations and emotions that shape consumer home choice. In doing so, the research provides theoretical insight into the link between the rational information-processing model and the experiential view of hedonic consumption in home purchases. This study has shown that a specific set of utilitarian and deep-seated hedonic factors interrelate to culminate upon one's home choice. The findings in this study maintain that while utilitarian factors are significant determinants of home choice, in themselves, they do not always tell the whole story.
This new knowledge of how and why homebuyers chose what they did is valuable to practitioners in predicting accurate property demands and value. Real estate agents can-sell more effectively by matching a property to a homebuyer's hedonic needs. The information in this study also helps homebuyers understand that their home choice is guided by internal images and deep-seated motives derived from many years of past experience but more importantly, they can decide if these motives justify the price they pay for the property. Finally, the model gives future researchers a new framework to access meanings necessary for understanding homebuyer choice and allows a closer examination of the mechanics of these influences on the housing market and its demands.
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Shiki, Kimiko. "Why do the poor move to cities? the central city--suburban locational choice of low-income households /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619097991&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Wang, Jun, and 王珺. "Lifestyle and housing location choice: a casestudy of residential differentiation of professionals in transitionalShanghai." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37777610.
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Paul, Rosalind. "Choice for people with learning disabilities living in residential care settings : a discourse analysis." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.743878.
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Stanek, Richard James. "Residential Options for the Institutionalized Chronically Mentally Ill: The Impact of Psychosis on Choice." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4631.
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Discharge planning for hospitalized chronically mentally ill usually involves only verbal descriptions of community residential options. Psychosis often impairs ability to conceptualize abstract information, and quality of the choice process may be poor without describing options in concrete form, i.e., using written descriptions and photographs. A random sample (N= 90) of Dammasch State Hospital (Wilsonville, Oregon) patient population, comprising persons diagnosed schizophrenic, schizoaffective, organic mental disorder, and bipolar, were assigned to three treatment groups, asked to rank six community residential options suited for them when they were ready to leave the hospital. The three treatment groups were presented the same set of residential options, but the manner of presentation of options was manipulated: first group received verbal descriptions, second group received verbal descriptions with placards containing printed highlights of descriptions, third group received verbal descriptions, printed descriptions, and five photographs of each type of residential option. After ranking the options, respondents were asked how difficult it was to make their choices: very difficult, kind of difficult, not very difficult. Finally, an open-ended question was asked, "What guided you in making your choices?" Respondents' social workers were asked to rank same six residential options for each respondent. Chisquare and Kruskal-Wallis tests were computed for treatment groups-by-respondents' choices for first through sixth choice with no significance found. "Difficulty of Choice"by- treatment group analyses found no significance using Kruskal-Wallis test, and trend toward significance using chi-square. Content analysis of open-ended question, "What guided you ..• " yielded seven categories of answers, and chi-square of "What guided you"-by-respondents' first choice of residential setting was significant. "Experience" and "Privacy and Independence" were most influential factors from content analysis, but only trends toward significance were found in chi-square, cross-tabulating them by treatment group. Since cross-tabulation of respondents'-by-social workers' choices showed no significance, six rankings were collapsed into three and significance was found for supported housing option (respondents and social workers choosing it in common third or fourth) for total sample. Other significance was found in verbal treatment group for homeless shelter (chosen in common fifth or sixth), and for supported housing (chosen in common third or fourth). Rank correlations of respondents' and social workers' choices for total sample found significant negative relationship for room and board option. Rank correlations of choices by treatment group found significant negative relationship for room and board in the verbal treatment group; found significant positive relationship for residential care facility in the verbal/written treatment group; found significant negative relationship for room and board option in the verbal/written/visual treatment group. Abstraction deficits evidently do no affect the way chronically mentally ill persons choose residential options. The chronically mentally ill also do not find choosing a residential placement any more or less difficult given the presentation of written and visual descriptions in addition to verbal description. Given excess of "not very difficult" answers to "difficulty" question, validity of "difficulty" question to detect quality of choice process is questionable. Better outcome question may have been, "How satisfied are you with you choices?". Given distribution of respondents' and social workers' choices, compromise between independent living and residential care facility is suggested in choice of supported housing program.
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Lee, Koon-man Joe, and 李冠文. "The traditional procurement method: the choice of Hong Kong private sector clients for residential projects." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3125150X.
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Lee, Koon-man Joe. "The traditional procurement method : the choice of Hong Kong private sector clients for residential projects /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25948556.
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Kim, Sungyop. "Neighborhood residential location choice of the elderly : a study of the elderly in the Puget Sound region of Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10818.
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Alkan, Leyla. "Tenure Choice And Demand For Homeownership In Ankara." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613879/index.pdf.
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Housing is a basic requirement for all individuals in every country. Being one of the main tools of urban planning, housing contains different social, economic, psychological, and design aspects, and it attracts attention of different disciplines. A review of the theoretical models, data, and empirical methods reveals deficiencies in all areas of housing sector in Turkey. Especially, there is an important gap in the literature about housing tenure choice. A new research agenda focusing on households&rsquotenure choice is needed with the help of models to be developed for this purpose. In this thesis, it is aimed to identify this model by focusing transition from tenancy to homeownership, and by choosing Ankara as the case study. The thesis has two main steps. In the first step, different economic ways of shifting from tenancy to homeownership is examined by using the data of Household Budget Survey (2003) from Turkish Statistical Institute. In the second step, the thesis examines effects of different socio-economic factors on the probability of shifting from tenancy to homeownership, and the way in which the impact of these drives might change with different forms of housing provision with the help of a survey carried out in Yenimahalle and Ç
ankaya. Results of calculations show that housing credits do not offer new homeownership opportunity for households who are not able to purchase a dwelling by saving their incomes in Turkey. The first step illustrates that, households earning less than 1 000 TL per month have no chance to afford a dwelling in Ankara. However next step highlights an irregular mechanism which enables these households to shift to homeownership in Turkey.
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Wang, Jun. "Lifestyle and housing location choice a case study of residential differentiation of professionals in transitional Shanghai /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37777610.
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Sulemana, Iddrisu M. "The influence of local zoning policies and and access to public transport on residential locational choice." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1995. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1579.
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The problem of America's inner cities is not far from sight. Declining population, a high incidence of unemployment and galloping crime rates are all too familiar. Like many other social issues, we must first clearly understand its root causes before proposing solutions. Household income is readily attributable and largely concentrated on when it comes to researching the process of residential location decision making. However the role of income is only one aspect of the problem, and in fact does differ among metropolitan areas. This thesis applied a logistic model to evaluate the influence of household income on the likelihood of suburban residence. The model is empirically evaluated using data on residential locational patterns in Atlanta and Birmingham metropolitan areas. Significant difference in the likelihood of suburban residence were found between these two metropolitan areas for the same level of income, indicating the different roles that factors aside from income play in residential location. In the following pages, such differences are attributed to differences in local zoning policies and effectiveness of public transportation.
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McClellan, Rita Harding. "The relationship of the perception of choice and positive behavior change in adolescent residential treatment with future success in the community." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3811.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of clients' perception of choice in treatment planning and the clients' positive behavior changes made within the treatment setting, with the clients' successful return to the community after release from the residential treatment setting.
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Horie, Shinya. "Two Essays on Local Public Economics." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1440397819.
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Södergård, Anton, Emir Dedic, and Kristian Petrovski. "Trelleborgsbanans inverkan på småhuspriser i Västra Ingelstad och Östra Grevie." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23486.
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Denna studie undersöker värdeförändringen på småhus vid en infrastrukturinvestering och under vilken tidpunkt denna förändring sker. Detta kommer göras genom att identifiera vilka faser som infrastrukturinvesteringar genomgår och när de inträffar. Metodvalet för studien kommer hämtas från en flermetodsforskning som kombinerar en kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod. Genom att prioritera den kvalitativa informationen möjliggör detta för ytterligare förståelse och insikt kring de kvantitativa resultaten som presenteras. De kvalitativa studierna tar fasta i att analysera och granska handlingar och dokument som berör Trelleborgsbanans upprättande. Vidare kommer den kvantitativa datan att redogöra för de värdeförändringar som skett i Västra Ingelstad och Östra Grevie mellan 2003-2018. Interna fastighetsegenskaper och externa områdesanknutna faktorer kommer att granskas med hjälp av hedoniska prismodeller, där störst fokus riktas mot avståndsvariabeln och dess påverkan på priset för småhusmarknaden.Vidare visar studiens resultat på en positiv värdeförändring har skett i de båda tätorterna, detta under Trelleborgsbanans etableringsprocess där den största värdeförändringen skedde i samband med att finansieringsavtal undertecknades. Med hjälp av den deskriptiva statistiken och tidigare studier går det att underbygga det faktum att Trelleborgsbanan haft en positiv inverkan på småhuspriserna i Östra Grevie och Västra Ingelstad.This study examines the change in value of single-family homes during an infrastructure investment and during which time this change takes place. This will be done by identifying which phases that infrastructure investments are undergoing and when they occur. The selection of the method for the study will be taken from a multi-method research that combines a qualitative and quantitative method. By prioritizing the qualitative information, this enables further understanding and insight into the quantitative results presented. The qualitative studies are determined by analyzing and examining papers and documents that concern the establishment of Trelleborgsbanan. Furthermore, the quantitative data will account for the changes in value that have taken place in Västra Ingelstad and Östra Grevie between 2003-2018. Internal property characteristics and external area-related factors will be reviewed using hedonic price models, where the main focus is on the distance variable and its impact on the price for the housing market.Furthermore, the study demonstrates a positive change in value has occurred in the two urban areas which took place during the establishment of Trelleborgsbanan, where the largest change in value occurred when the signing of financing agreements were done. With the help of the descriptive statistics and previous studies, we can conclude the fact that Trelleborgsbanan had a positive impact on house prices in Östra Grevie and Västra Ingelstad.