To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Residential mobility Case studies.
Journal articles on the topic 'Residential mobility Case studies'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Residential mobility Case studies.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Mordechay, Kfir. "The Effects of the Great Recession on the School Mobility of Youth." Education and Urban Society 50, no. 7 (June 22, 2017): 595–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124517713610.
Full textAbstract:
Residential stability matters to a young person’s educational success, and the housing crisis spurred by the Great Recession (2007-2009) has disrupted the residential stability of many families. Using data from a large high school district in San Bernardino County, California, as a case study, this study utilizes a multilevel model to examine the extent to which the housing crisis affected student mobility rates in an area considered an epicenter of the recession. Results show that race was a much stronger predictor of student mobility than socioeconomic status during the crisis. In 2008, mobility rates were especially high for Black students, controlling for a variety of background characteristics. Research and policies that could be helpful in reducing mobility are discussed.
2
Zanganeh, Yaghoob, Alireza Hamidian, and Hosseinali Karimi. "The Analysis of Factors Affecting the Residential Mobility of Afghan Immigrants Residing in Mashhad (Case Study: Municipality Regions 4, 5 and 6)." Asian Social Science 12, no. 6 (May 20, 2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n6p61.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="a"><span lang="EN-US">The settlement of the immigrants, especially foreign immigrants in different cities and city areas has a major influence in shaping and changing socio-spatial structure of these areas. Mashhad has been the target of a large number of Afghan refugees in the past decades (160 thousand people). The initial settlement of immigrants in marginal areas of the city and residential mobility in the early settlement has obvious consequences on the social and spatial structure of different areas targeted by the immigrants. This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the residential mobility of Afghan refugees residing in districts 4, 5 and 6 of Mashhad- Iran. The research was a survey type and the required data were gathered by field studies using questionnaires and library. The results of this study suggests that a major portion Afghan immigrant (86%) have been settled at the beginning of their arrival to Mashhad in marginal areas and slums including, Golshahr, Panj-tan, Ghaleh Sakhteman and Tollab. In the initial settlement of immigrants in the mentioned places factors such as proximity to fellow coreligionists and affordable rental housing prices are crucial. In terms of residential mobility, 45.7% of immigrant families have changed their location at least once in Mashhad. The highest residential mobility has taken place in the Golshahr areas (28.1%) and Panj-tan (28.1%). Family residential mobility between regions existed in smaller and restricted scale. The stated reasons and motives in relation to residential mobility of immigrants are different in the later stages after primary residence. Generally the factors of insecurity and lack of resources and utilities, improved financial condition and ability to buy a better house, ethnics and religion inconsonance and the tenant conditions are among the reasons stated by the refugees for changing their residence.</span></p>
3
Scarpa, Simone. "The impact of income inequality on economic residential segregation: The case of Malmö, 1991–2010." Urban Studies 52, no. 5 (April 7, 2014): 906–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098014529347.
Full textAbstract:
As in other Western countries, in Sweden there is a widespread conviction that residential segregation influences the opportunities for residents’ social mobility and therefore is a cause of income inequality. But the opposite direction of causality, from income inequality to residential segregation, is often ignored. The paper fills this gap and analyses income inequality and economic residential segregation developments in Malmö in the years 1991–2010. During this period, changes in population composition owing to increased immigration had a negligible impact on income inequality, while the latter was primarily influenced by changes in the distribution of labour market earnings and capital incomes. At the same time, neighbourhood income inequality was predominantly driven by overall household income inequality and only to a much lower extent by the increase in residential sorting by income. Policy influencing income distribution rather than area-based strategies should thus be at the centre of current debates on residential segregation in Sweden.
4
Großmann, Katrin, Johan Buchholz, Carsten Buchmann, Christoph Hedtke, Carolin Höhnke, and Nina Schwarz. "Energy Costs, Residential Mobility, and Segregation in a Shrinking City." Open House International 39, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2014-b0003.
Full textAbstract:
In debates related to energy poverty, the link to questions of residential segregation remains somewhat peripheral. Because, usually, only energy-poor households are at the focus and residential mobility is not addressed, the interdependencies between households’ energy costs and the residential segregation of cities remain out of sight. Concern that energy efficiency measures could foster socio-spatial segregation in cities has recently emerged in Germany. If only households with higher incomes can afford housing with high energy efficiency standards, whereas low income households tend to choose non-refurbished but, in sum, more affordable housing stock, an increasing concentration of poor households in poor housing conditions would result. German energy efficiency and CO2 reduction policies are relatively insensitive to such questions. Using survey data from a small shrinking city in Germany, we explore how energy costs are interrelated with residential location decisions and, thus, with segregation processes and patterns. Shrinking cities represent an interesting case because, here, a decreasing demand for housing stimulates residential mobility and paves the way for dynamic reconfigurations of socio-spatial patterns. We found that energy-related aspects of homes play a role in location decisions. Low income households seek to minimize housing costs in general, paying specific attention to heating systems, thermal insulation and costs. Resulting segregation effects depend very much on where affordable and, at the same time, energy-efficient housing stock is spatially concentrated in cities. These findings should be taken into consideration for future policies on energy in existing dwellings.
5
Grunsven, Leo. "Residential mobility and population change in a regulated housingmarket: The case of Singapore." Netherlands Journal of Housing and Environmental Research 1, no. 4 (December 1986): 353–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02496446.
Full text
6
ASLAM, Atif Bilal, Houshmand E. MASOUMI, Nida NAEEM, and Mohammad AHMAD. "Residential location choices and the role of mobility, socioeconomics, and land use in Hafizabad, Pakistan." Urbani izziv 1, no. 30 (June 20, 2019): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2019-30-01-004.
Full textAbstract:
Residential self-selection in developing countries and its relation to urban transportation are understudied and not fully understood. This knowledge gap is even greater in the case of small cities in the developing world. This study takes Hafizabad, Pakistan as a case study with the objective of providing data for future quantitative analyses about residential location choices in small cities on the Indian subcontinent. A sample of 365 residents was interviewed from four neighbourhoods with a combined population of 19,042. This resulted in individual and household response rates of 1.92% and 12.65% and confidence levels of ±5.08% and ±4.79% for individual and household questions. The results show that the most important factors influencing residents’ decisions about moving are availability of utilities/services and affordable prices. Factors related to transportation, accessibility, and social issues, such as proximity to work and relatives, come next. The role of transportation in residential location choices in Hafizabad is less important in comparison to high-income countries. This finding shows how urban form can shape residents’ travel behaviour and suggests that small cities are more compact and walkable because about 40% of job-related trips are made by walking. The results of this study will help inform relevant government organizations about how to effectively devise policies for small cities because policies grafted from large metropolises might not work well at a smaller scale.
7
Eerkens, Jelmer W., Jeffrey R. Ferguson, Michael D. Glascock, Craig E. Skinner, and Sharon A. Waechter. "Reduction Strategies and Geochemical Characterization of Lithic Assemblages: A Comparison of Three Case Studies from Western North America." American Antiquity 72, no. 3 (July 2007): 585–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40035862.
Full textAbstract:
Based on a simple model of lithic procurement, reduction, and use, we generate predictions for patterns in source diversity and average distance-to-source measurements for flaked stone assemblages left behind by small-scale and residentially mobile populations. We apply this model to geochemical data from obsidian artifacts from three regions in western North America. As predicted, results show markedly different patterns in the geochemical composition of small flakes, large flakes, and formal tools. While small flakes and tools tend to have greater source diversity and are on average farther from their original source, the large flake assemblage is composed of fewer and closer sources. These results suggest that a failure to include very late stage reduction (e.g., pressure flakes) and microdebitage in characterization studies may bias interpretations about the extent of residential mobility and/or trade patterns because more distant sources will be underrepresented.
8
Hui, Eddie Chi Man, and Ka Hung Yu. "Residential mobility in an era of economic transformations and population reformations: A case study of Hong Kong." Habitat International 33, no. 4 (October 2009): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2009.02.001.
Full text
9
Bloem, Brigitte, Theo Van Tilburg, and Fleur Thomése. "Residential Mobility in Older Dutch Adults : Influence of Later Life Events." International Journal of Ageing and Later Life 3, no. 1 (October 3, 2008): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.083121.
Full textAbstract:
In this study we examined life course events of older Dutch adults in relation to three types of moves and the moving distance. Using the frameworks developed by Litwak and Longino (1987) and Mulder and Hooimeijer (1999), we stipulated life events or triggers and conditions in various life domains. We selected a total of 1,160 men and 1,321 women (aged 54 to 91) from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. We conducted multinomial logistic regression analyses to predict moves to a residential care facility, adapted housing or regular housing and to predict the moving distance. Retirement, an empty nest, widowhood and a decline in health each triggered specific moves. In additional analyses, the effects of triggers, especially health changes, were moderated by conditions. There is no indication of a specific trajectory of moves associated with consecutive life events, as suggested by Litwak and Longino. By combining triggers and conditions, however, the framework developed by Mulder and Hooimeijer allows for a more valid analysis.
10
Oh, Jooseok. "Residential Mobility and Quality of Life between Metropolitan Areas: The Case of South Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 17, 2020): 8611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208611.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the theory of residential mobility in terms of quality of life, focusing on convenience and the urban environment. The evaluation items (e.g., the accessibility to infrastructure, security, the environment, and social relationships) were selected based on previous studies, and a one-way ANOVA was conducted. The Korea Housing Survey was used to obtain data on the evaluations of homeowners who migrated to Seoul (the capital of South Korea) and to the surrounding metropolitan area (Gyeong-in). The regression analysis identified the factors affecting the overall satisfaction with the two destinations. The group that had migrated from Gyeong-in to Seoul was more satisfied with the medical, public, cultural, and transportation facilities than the group that had migrated from Seoul to Gyeong-in. Differences were also found between the two groups in the factors affecting their overall satisfaction with the migration destination. Factors such as satisfaction with transportation, commercial facilities, and cultural facilities affected the overall satisfaction with both destinations. However, homeownership affected the dependent variables only in Gyeong-in. The implications for potential improvements to infrastructure and housing distribution are discussed.
11
Fatima, Kaniz, Sara Moridpour, Chris De Gruyter, and Tayebeh Saghapour. "Elderly Sustainable Mobility: Scientific Paper Review." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 7, 2020): 7319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187319.
Full textAbstract:
The number of elderly people as a proportion of the world’s population is growing significantly. Special attention to the accessibility and mobility requirements of this group is needed. The contribution of this paper is a review of travel patterns, mode preferences, infrastructure solutions, accessibility indices, mode choice models and datasets as they relate to elderly mobility. Key findings highlight the role of residential location characteristics in shaping elderly travel patterns, helping to explain why research on elderly travel has largely relied on case studies to date. The review also summarizes a range of indices that have been developed to measure public transport and walking accessibility among the elderly, including distance and time-based methods. Future research should consider the dominance of private transport in facilitating elderly mobility and its implications for cities experiencing an aging population.
12
Knudson, Kelly J., and T. Douglas Price. "Utility of multiple chemical techniques in archaeological residential mobility studies: Case studies from Tiwanaku- and Chiribaya-affiliated sites in the Andes." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 132, no. 1 (2006): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20480.
Full text
13
Robin, Stéphane R. "Housing Careers for Social Tenants in France: A Case Study." Open House International 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2005): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2005-b0005.
Full textAbstract:
In France, social housing provides a significant proportion of housing services. The present contribution seeks to identify housing careers for social tenants, using event history analysis on a sample of over 40,000 households located in the Lille metropolitan area (in northern France). The data was provided by a local social housing company, and contains extensive geographical information. The analysis was conducted for the metropolitan area and for its three main cities (Lille, Roubaix and Tourcoing). This made it possible to measure the effect of geographical location at both the agglomeration and neighbourhood levels. Our main results are threefold. First, access to better housing depends more on individual characteristics than on residential location; thus, it appears that comparatively favoured households may use social housing to increase their “upward mobility.” Secondly, forced mobility (eviction) depends on household histories and characteristics, but is spatially heavily concentrated. Finally, urban renewal, by increasing the quality of the built environment, tends - at least in some neighbourhoods - to make social housing more desirable (by giving households a stronger incentive to stay). It may thus improve the quality of life of people who are less likely to become homeowners or to access larger/more comfortable houses.
14
Rokem, Jonathan, and Laura Vaughan. "Segregation, mobility and encounters in Jerusalem: The role of public transport infrastructure in connecting the ‘divided city’." Urban Studies 55, no. 15 (February 1, 2017): 3454–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017691465.
Full textAbstract:
This paper assesses ways in which urban segregation is shaped and transformed by Jerusalem’s public transport network, enhancing mobility and potential group encounters. We suggest that segregation should be understood as an issue of mobility and co-presence in public space, rather than the static residential-based segregation that continues to be a central focus of debate in urban studies. We explore public transport infrastructures, considering how their implementation reflects the variety of ways that transport can have impact: segmenting populations, linking populations and/or creating spaces for interaction or conflict between the city’s Jewish Israeli and Arab Palestinian populations. Space syntax network analysis suggests that in the case of Jerusalem, access to public transport is multi-dimensional: as well as providing access to resources, it shapes opportunities for spatial mobility that may either overcome or reinforce area-based housing segregation. We discuss these opportunities in the light of Jerusalem’s on-going ethno-national division in an increasingly fractured urban reality.
15
Jeong Kim, Moon, and Hazel A. Morrow-Jones. "Intrametropolitan residential mobility and older inner suburbs: A case study of the Greater Columbus, Ohio, metropolitan area." Housing Policy Debate 21, no. 1 (January 2011): 133–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2011.534390.
Full text
16
DeLuca, Stefanie, and Christine Jang–Trettien. "“Not Just a Lateral Move”: Residential Decisions and the Reproduction of Urban Inequality." City & Community 19, no. 3 (September 2020): 451–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12515.
Full textAbstract:
Despite decades of research on residential mobility and neighborhood effects, we know comparatively less about how people sort across geography. In recent years, scholars have been calling for research that considers residential selection as a social stratification process. In this paper, we present findings from work our team has done over the last 17 years to explore how people end up living where they do, relying in large part on systematically sampled in–depth narrative interviews with families. We focus on four key decisions: whether to move; where to move; whether to send children to school in the neighborhood; and whether to rent or own a home. We found that many residential mobility decisions among the poor were “reactive,” with unpredictable shocks forcing families out of their homes. As a result of reactive moving, housing search time frames became shorter and poor parents employed short–term survival solutions to secure housing instead of long–term investment thinking about neighborhood and school district quality. These shocks, constraints, and compressed time frames led parents to decouple some dimensions of neighborhoods and schools from the housing search process while maximizing others, like immediacy of shelter, unit quality, and proximity to work and child care. Finally, we found that policies can significantly shape and better support some of these decisions. Combined, our research revealed some of the processes that underlie locational attainment and the intergenerational transmission of neighborhood context.
17
Nadalin, Vanessa, and Danilo Igliori. "Empty spaces in the crowd. Residential vacancy in São Paulo’s city centre." Urban Studies 54, no. 13 (September 20, 2016): 3085–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016666498.
Full textAbstract:
In the past decades, when São Paulo became the national manufacturing centre, it has experienced great population growth. Since then, many housing problems have emerged. In addition, the difficulties that inner cities face in attracting jobs and maintaining economic activities are particularly challenging. Indeed, even if many cities have successfully regenerated their central areas, the so-called inner city problem is still very much alive in the case of São Paulo. As a result although the city centre has abundant urban infrastructure it still has plenty of vacant spaces, including residential buildings. One could say that São Paulo’s city centre is characterised by a large number of empty spaces in an area that is simultaneously crowded with buildings and urban facilities. This paper intends to contribute to the empirical analysis of the determinants of vacancy rates, with a particular focus on historical city centres, using São Paulo Metropolitan Area as our case study. Our empirical analysis relies on district-level data for the years 2000 and 2010, and combines standard spatial econometric methods with hedonic modelling. Our results suggest that there are three main groups of determinants: individual buildings characteristics, mobility of households and neighbourhood quality. We find evidence that the historic central city is a distinctive submarket, needing special urban policies. Its determinants work differently when compared with the housing markets of other areas across the city.
18
Preece, Jenny. "Immobility and insecure labour markets: An active response to precarious employment." Urban Studies 55, no. 8 (November 13, 2017): 1783–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017736258.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores how people experience and respond to a post-industrial labour market context through residential (im)mobility. Focusing on places that are represented through a range of official measures as ‘declining’, the research explains why people may remain in weaker labour market areas, rather than moving to places that could offer greater employment opportunities. The case study approach focused on two urban neighbourhoods in England, Nearthorpe (Sheffield) and Eastland (Grimsby). The article draws on repeated, in-depth, biographical interviews with 25 individuals across 18 households. The research shows that stability of residence was a necessary counterbalance to a low-paid and insecure work context. Immobility facilitated access to a range of informal support networks. However, immobility was not simply a by-product of lack of mobility or a passive state. This research conceptualises immobility as an active process in which participants engaged in different forms of adaptation and resistance in the face of changing labour market conditions.
19
Askariyeh, Mohammad Hashem, Suriya Vallamsundar, Josias Zietsman, and Tara Ramani. "Assessment of Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Case Study of Pregnant Women in South Texas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 13 (July 9, 2019): 2433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132433.
Full textAbstract:
Population groups vulnerable to adverse effects of traffic-related air pollution correspond to children, pregnant women and elderly. Despite these effects, literature is limited in terms of studies focusing on these groups and a reason often cited is the limited information on their mobility important for exposure assessment. The current study presents a method for assessing individual-level exposure to traffic-related air pollution by integrating mobility patterns tracked by global positioning system (GPS) devices with dynamics of air pollutant concentrations. The study is based on a pool of 17 pregnant women residing in Hidalgo County, Texas. The traffic-related particulate matter with diameter of less than 2.5 micrometer (PM2.5) emissions and air pollutant concentrations are predicted using MOVES and AERMOD models, respectively. The daily average traffic-related PM2.5 concentration was found to be 0.32 µg/m3, with the highest concentration observed in transit (0.56 µg/m3), followed by indoors (0.29 µg/m3), and outdoor (0.26 µg/m3) microenvironment. The obtained exposure levels exhibited considerable variation between time periods, with higher levels during peak commuting periods, close to the US–Mexico border region and lower levels observed during midday periods. The study also assessed if there is any difference between traffic-related dynamic exposure, based on time-varying mobility patterns, and static exposure, based solely on residential locations, and found a difference of 9%, which could be attributed to the participants’ activity patterns being focused mostly indoors.
20
Rose, Debra J. "Promoting Functional Independence among “At Risk” and Physically Frail Older Adults through Community-Based Fall-Risk-Reduction Programs." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 10, no. 2 (April 2002): 207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.10.2.207.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, a number of research investigations have been conducted in an effort to determine whether declining balance and mobility among older adults can be reversed or at least slowed. Unfortunately, the results of a number of these studies have not yielded positive outcomes. Three reasons are forwarded to account for these unsuccessful outcomes: the lack of a contemporary theory-based approach to the problem, the failure to use multiple and diverse measures of balance and mobility, and the failure to design multidimensional interventions that target the actual source(s) of the balance or mobility-related impairments. A model fall-risk-reduction program designed to address each of the shortcomings associated with previous research findings is presented. The program is group based and suitable for implementation in community-based and residential care facilities.
21
Lindsay-Herrera, Flora. "One City for All? The Characteristics of Residential Displacement in Southwest Washington, DC." Land 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8020034.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines two periods of renewal in Washington, DC, USA’s southwest quadrant and their relationship with displacement. The paper situates this discussion within both the local historical continuum and globally-recognized paradigms, such as “the right to the city”. This article primarily serves as an overview of urban planning consequences in Southwest Washington DC based on extant academic literature and policy briefs. Compared with the abrupt physical displacement in the 1950s and 1960s precipitated by a large-scale federally funded urban raze and rebuild project, urban planning in present-day DC includes mechanisms for public engagement and provisions for housing security. However, countervailing economic incentives and rapid demographic changes have introduced anxieties about involuntary mobility that the literature suggests may be born out of forced or responsive displacement. Two potential case studies in the area warrant future study to understand present-day mobilities in the context of the economic and socio-cultural factors shaping the actions of present and prospective residents and decision-makers.
22
Zhou, Yefang, Hitomi Sato, and Toshiyuki Yamamoto. "Shared Low-Speed Autonomous Vehicle System for Suburban Residential Areas." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 8638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158638.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of global suburbanization and population aging, a low-speed, automated vehicle (LSAV) system provides essential mobility services in suburban residential areas. Although extensive studies on shared autonomous vehicle (SAV) services have been conducted, quantitative investigations on the operation of suburban LSAV systems are limited. Based on a demonstration pilot project of an autonomous vehicle called “Slocal Automated Driving”, we investigated the performance of an SAV system considering several scenarios in Kozoji Newtown, a suburban commuter town in Japan. The agent-based simulation results revealed that 40 LSAVs can satisfy the demands of 2263 daily trips with an average wait time of 15 min. However, in the case of a high-speed scenario, the same fleet size improved the level of service (LOS) by reducing the average wait time to two and a half minutes and halving the in-vehicle time. By contrast, the wait time in terms of the average and 95th percentile of the no-sharing ride scenario drastically deteriorated to an unacceptable level. Based on the fluctuations of hourly share rates, wait times, and the number of vacant vehicles, we determined that preparing for the potential fleet insufficiency periods from 7:00–13:00 and 15:00–18:00 can improve the LOS.
23
Burrows, Kate, Ji-Young Son, and Michelle L. Bell. "Do Socioeconomic Factors Influence Who Is Most Likely to Relocate after Environmental Disasters? A Case Study in Indonesia." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 1, 2021): 6228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116228.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental mobility (residential moves influenced by environmental factors) is increasingly recognized as an important issue, both today and under future conditions of climate change. Those who experience climate- and weather-related disasters rarely respond as a homogenous group of migrants, yet relatively limited studies have specifically examined individual-level heterogeneities across those exposed. In this paper, we used self-reported data to investigate differences in sociodemographics (age, marital status, sex, and education) between those who relocated after environmental disruptions in Indonesia and those who did not relocate. Individuals with 12 years of education at the time of an environmental exposure were 3.93 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38, 11.20) times more likely to move for environmental reasons than those with <12 years of education. Assuming education as a proxy for socioeconomic status, these findings suggest that those in the mid-range socioeconomic brackets may be most likely to migrate after environmental disruptions, while the poorest are less likely to move. This may reflect that the costs of relocation are prohibitively high for those with lower socioeconomic status. Collectively, these results add to an inconsistent body of literature on environmental mobility and indicate that further site- and context-specific research on climate- and weather-related relocation is needed.
24
Gambaro, Ludovica, Heather Joshi, Ruth Lupton, Alex Fenton, and Mary Clare Lennon. "Developing Better Measures of Neighbourhood Characteristics and Change for Use in Studies of Residential Mobility: A Case Study of Britain in the Early 2000s." Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy 9, no. 4 (August 18, 2015): 569–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12061-015-9164-0.
Full text
25
Solly, Kane Norman, and Yvonne Wells. "What predicts consumer experience in residential aged care? An analysis of consumer experience report data." Australian Health Review 45, no. 4 (2021): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20270.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectivesThis study explored whether consumer experience report (CER) data from residential aged care services (RACSs) could be combined into a general factor and determined whether poor experience in RACSs could be predicted by known resident or home characteristics or sampling procedures. MethodsCER data collected by structured interviews in 2018 and early 2019 were analysed using structural equation modelling and linear regression analysis. ResultsData were available from 17194 interviews undertaken at 1159 RACSs. The 10 CER items loaded onto two independent factors. Bifactorial modelling indicated that items could be combined into a general factor. Controlling for state or territory, consumer experience was best predicted by home size: those in large facilities reported poorer experience than those in smaller facilities. Other significant negative predictors with small effect sizes included not being independently mobile, being male and not being randomly selected. Dementia did not predict total CER score. ConclusionsThe results of this study support the inclusion of people with dementia and exclusion of volunteer participants from published CERs. Further research is needed to explore why a relatively poor consumer experience is reported by people in larger homes, men and those with mobility issues. What is known about the topic?Poor experience in aged care is a persistent concern for government, individuals and aged care services. The recent Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety has identified systemic failure. Although many organisational features and processes have previously been identified as important in determining the quality of care, few studies have explored the characteristics that predict the consumer experience of residents in aged care. What does this paper add?This paper provides empirical evidence that several variables influence consumer experience in aged care, including facility size and resident sex and mobility. There is evidence that smaller facilities provide care that is perceived better by residents, and that men and people with mobility issues have worse experiences in aged care. There is a lack of clarity as to what other influences, such as facility ethos, facility location and staffing levels, may contribute to resident experience. Such clarity is important, because Australian aged care is currently facing comprehensive scrutiny, and governments are looking to ensure the safety and quality of aged care services. What are the implications for practitioners?Identifying and addressing inequities in aged care services and mitigating risks must be a priority in Australia to ensure aged care services provide safe and high-quality care. The results of this study challenge current funding structures that encourage the development of larger aged care homes, and instead suggest that better funding for smaller-sized facilities may be able to improve the experience of residents in aged care. The results also suggest that facilities and governments should attend to the experiences of specific groups, such as men and people with mobility issues.
26
Siddiqua, Farzana, Saimum Kabir, and Mania Tahsina Taher. "Assessing Walkability of Planned and Historical Streetscape of Urban Dhaka." AIUB Journal of Science and Engineering (AJSE) 16, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53799/ajse.v16i1.28.
Full textAbstract:
Urban mobility is one of the pressing challenges Dhaka City facing today. Existing car based mobility network has already proven ineffective and thus leads to congestion, inequity and unhealthy urban environment. Even though largest portion of city population travels by walk, pedestrian mobilityhas been severely compromised especially in newly planned residential areas. Streets here are planned considering automobile as a primary mode of transport; a comfortable setting of walkable streets is almost nonexistent. However, the historic core of the city is an exception where streets are seen dominated by the pedestrian. The paper presents a comparative study of the walkability between planned (Bashundhara R/A) and historic (Shakhari bazar) urban area while taking into account the importance of active mobility for a healthy urban development. The study starts with reviewing theoretical constructs of ‘pedestrian-friendly community development’ while looking into case studies and urban standards in order to synthesize ‘walkability’ matrices. Multiple tools are used to measure walkability of the street. Maps are studied to analyze the physical context of selected urban area, scientific tools are used to collect site specific microclimatic data, observation and questionnaire surveys are conducted to understand user’s response. The aim is to formulate a checklist of walkable streetscape in the context of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study identifies the physical (height width ratio, vegetation, water features, orientation) and functional attributes (location of amenities, infrastructure, safety) of street fabric has strongimpact on improving walkability.
27
Rokem, Jonathan, and Laura Vaughan. "Geographies of ethnic segregation in Stockholm: The role of mobility and co-presence in shaping the ‘diverse’ city." Urban Studies 56, no. 12 (October 10, 2018): 2426–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018795561.
Full textAbstract:
This article assesses how urban segregation and ethnic diversity in Stockholm have been shaped by spatial policy and migration trajectories over time. Much of the urban studies and planning literature defines segregation as a measure of residential mixing. In contrast, our research suggests that segregation could be understood as a lack of opportunities for interaction in public space. In the case of Stockholm, space syntax network analysis and the establishment of ethnicity as a statistical category suggest that despite the social infrastructure provided by the Swedish state, the city’s specific spatial configuration alongside its policies of housing allocation have resulted in severe constraints on the potential for co-presence between new immigrants and the native Swedish population. Spatial analysis suggests that the city’s public transport infrastructure is a contributory factor in maintaining separation between foreign-born and ethnic Swedes. Coupled with a high level of social deprivation amongst new immigrants, the result is a multi-dimensional spatial segregation process that persists amongst the second immigrant generation, reinforcing ethnic and socio-economic area-based housing segregation. We conclude that despite Sweden’s long-standing political vision of social integration, its capital is suffering from increasing ethnic spatial differentiation, which will most likely persist unless a greater consideration of spatial connectivity and an introduction of ethnic and racial equality data in policy and practice are brought to bear.
28
Calzolaretti, Marta. "Costruire sul costruito." TERRITORIO, no. 63 (December 2012): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2012-063013.
Full textAbstract:
Awareness of the need to regenerate rundown urban areas has become increasingly more widespread and generally accepted since the 1990s. To take action in this type of area not only avoids expansion onto extra urban land, but also makes it possible to reuse existing services and infrastructures and to avoid wasting social and environmental values, by using economic resources to co-ordinate quality, density and mobility consistent with sustainable development. A group of lecturers, PhD graduates and PhD students from eight departments of Italian faculties of architecture, advance the proposal to experiment with methods and strategies to regenerate public sector residential housing estates in Italy since the war until the 1980s through a case study on the Tor Bella Monaca neighbourhood in Rome. Two issues were studied in particular detail: the formulation of a new land use plan and the renovation of buildings.
29
Shen, Guoqiang, Zhangye Wang, Long Zhou, Yu Liu, and Xiaoyi Yan. "Home-Based Locational Accessibility to Essential Urban Services: The Case of Wake County, North Carolina, USA." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 9142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219142.
Full textAbstract:
Accessibility is an important concept in urban studies and planning, especially on issues related to sustainable transportation planning and urban spatial structure. This paper develops an optimization model to examine the accessibility from single family homes to major urban facilities for services or amenities using geographical information systems. The home-based accessibility to facilities is based upon the point to point direct distance from sampled homes to sampled facilities. Descriptive statistics about the accessibility, such as min/max, mean/median, and standard deviation/variance were computed. Variations of accessibility for a range of categories by home price and year built were also examined. Multivariate linear regression models examining the housing value with respect to home-facility accessibility by facility types were implemented. The results show that desirable urban facilities, which are also more frequently used for livability, enjoy better accessibility than undesirable urban facilities. The home-based accessibility’s positive or negative associations with home price along with year built and/or residential lot size exist for most facilities in general, and by confirming to the literature, the home-facility accessibility in particular does strongly impact home values as evidenced by fair to excellent R2 values. Accordingly, this research provides evidence-based recommendations for sustainable urban mobility and urban planning.
30
Hipp, John R., and Adam Boessen. "Immigrants and Social Distance." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 641, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 192–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211433180.
Full textAbstract:
This project studied the effect of immigrant in-mobility on the trajectory of socioeconomic change in neighborhoods. The authors suggest that immigrant inflows may impact neighborhoods due to the consequences of residential mobility and the extent to which these new residents differ from the current residents. The authors use Southern California over a nearly 50-year period (1960 to 2007) as a case study to explore the short- and long- term impact of these changes. The authors find no evidence that immigrant inflow has negative consequences for home values, unemployment, or vacancies over this long period of time. Instead, the authors find that a novel measure they develop—a general measure of social distance—is much better at explaining the change in the economic conditions of these neighborhoods. Tracts with higher levels of social distance experienced a larger increase in the vacancy rate over the decade. The effect of social distance on home values changed over the study period: whereas social distance decreased home values during the 1960s, this completely reversed into a positive effect by the 2000s.
31
Berawi, Mohammed Ali, Gunawan Saroji, Fuad Adrian Iskandar, Bernard Elpetino Ibrahim, Perdana Miraj, and Mustika Sari. "Optimizing Land Use Allocation of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) to Generate Maximum Ridership." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 7, 2020): 3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093798.
Full textAbstract:
Transit-oriented development (TOD) is based around transit stations, with the emphasis on high population density and multifunctional areas in promoting sustainable mobility. This study aimed to develop a TOD model that could achieve an optimum land use allocation to maximize transit ridership. A critical literature review, an analysis of value engineering through function and benchmarking studies were conducted in order to develop a baseline plan for a TOD model, which was then optimized using linear programming. A total of four light rail transit (LRT) stations located in Jakarta were used as the case study to represent model implementation, ridership evaluation and optimal design. The optimization results showed that office workers constituted the highest number of transit passengers, followed by those working in hotels and commercial/retail and residential users. It was also found that optimizing the design of the TOD can increase the number of daily LRT passengers by up to 55%.
32
Li, Mingxiao, Song Gao, Feng Lu, Huan Tong, and Hengcai Zhang. "Dynamic Estimation of Individual Exposure Levels to Air Pollution Using Trajectories Reconstructed from Mobile Phone Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (November 15, 2019): 4522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224522.
Full textAbstract:
The spatiotemporal variability in air pollutant concentrations raises challenges in linking air pollution exposure to individual health outcomes. Thus, understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of human mobility plays an important role in air pollution epidemiology and health studies. With the advantages of massive users, wide spatial coverage and passive acquisition capability, mobile phone data have become an emerging data source for compiling exposure estimates. However, compared with air pollution monitoring data, the temporal granularity of mobile phone data is not high enough, which limits the performance of individual exposure estimation. To mitigate this problem, we present a novel method of estimating dynamic individual air pollution exposure levels using trajectories reconstructed from mobile phone data. Using the city of Shanghai as a case study, we compared three different types of exposure estimates using (1) reconstructed mobile phone trajectories, (2) recorded mobile phone trajectories, and (3) residential locations. The results demonstrate the necessity of trajectory reconstruction in exposure and health risk assessment. Additionally, we measure the potential health effects of air pollution from both individual and geographical perspectives. This helped reveal the temporal variations in individual exposures and the spatial distribution of residential areas with high exposure levels. The proposed method allows us to perform large-area and long-term exposure estimations for a large number of residents at a high spatiotemporal resolution, which helps support policy-driven environmental actions and reduce potential health risks.
33
Ioannou, Byron. "Ageing in Suburban Neighbourhoods: Planning, Densities and Place Assessment." Urban Planning 4, no. 2 (June 18, 2019): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v4i2.1863.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the environmental qualities perceived by ageing populations in suburban low-density and car-oriented neighbourhoods in comparison to more dense and central areas. The study focuses on Nicosia, Cyprus, a city that suffers from extended sprawl and car dependency in almost every urban district. The aim of the article is to investigate how older adults perceive and evaluate their place of residence and if this assessment relates to the suburban or the city centre profile of their neighbourhoods. For this reason, the study takes five residential districts, two central and three suburban areas, as case studies. Each of the selected residential districts performs differently in terms of percentage of the population over the age of 65; scale and street layout; adequacy in supporting land uses; building density; distance from the city centre and public space availability and condition. The almost exclusive use of private cars, as the main transportation mode is a common feature of all older adults interviewed in these areas. The older adults’ perceptions of place are assessed through the Place Standard (PS), a simple recently awarded framework which structures conversations about place in regard to its physical elements as well as its social composition. PS is used as an interview tool, which allows the mapping/visualization of qualitative data. Qualitative in-depth interviews conclude to an evaluation of fourteen aspects that outline a residential district profile from mobility to green and urban image attractiveness, and from facilities to social contact and safety, covering almost every aspect of daily life. The article concludes that the neighbourhood assessment from older residents varies depending on the nature of the suburban neighbourhood. Density, layout and distance from the city centre matter according to the participants’ evaluation and there is a clear preference towards suburban low-density areas.
34
Glasheen, C., V. Forman-Hoffman, S. Hedden, T. Ridenour, J. Wang, and J. Porter. "Residential transience among US adolescents: association with depression and mental health treatment." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 28, no. 6 (January 15, 2019): 682–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796018000823.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAimsResidential instability, including transience (i.e. unusually frequent mobility), is associated with higher risk for emotional and behavioural problems in children and young adults. However, most studies have not compared the effect of recent v. more distal moves on mental health or on mental health treatment. This study examined associations between recent (past year) and distal (past 2–4 years) residential transience and past year major depressive episode (MDE) and mental health treatment in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents aged 12–17.MethodsData are from the 2010–2014 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (n = ~107 300 adolescents). T-tests were used to examine the prevalence of MDE by number of moves in the past 5 years among a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the adjusted association between recent (⩾2 moves in the past year) and distal (⩾4 moves in the past 5 years, but no recent transience) and (1) past year MDE and (2) past year mental health treatment among adolescents with MDE.ResultsMDE prevalence increased linearly with number of moves in the past 5 years (p < 0.001). The adjusted odds of MDE were greater among youths with distal transience (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–1.44) and among those with proximal transience (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.17–1.46), compared with those without transience in the past 5 years. The MDE prevalence did not differ between those with distal and proximal transience (p = 0.163). In youths with past year MDE, the prevalence of past year mental health treatment was greater among those with proximal transience compared with those without transience (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.15–1.70), but there was no significant difference in treatment among those with distal v. no transience.ConclusionsDistal and recent transience are associated with past year MDE among adolescents. Adolescents with MDE who had recent transience were more likely to receive past year mental health treatment compared with those without transience. However, those with only distal transience were not more likely to receive treatment. Parents, school officials and health care providers should be aware that residential mobility in the past 5 years may indicate increased odds of depression among adolescents even among adolescents whose housing stability has improved in the past year.
35
Sugiharto, Adriana. "Design of Residential Building is Based on the Accessibility of the Elderly Residents to the Environment and Building." ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v1i2.31.
Full textAbstract:
The design of the elderly housing is increasingly needed, as a result life expectancy has improved which make the growth number of the elderly increases. Senior living for the elderly have had unfavorable image in the community because of a lack of attention to the design of the special needs of the elderly. Like providing the handrail around the wall to maintain the body balance when the elderly walking through the circulation way. The main issue is accessibility in elderly housing for the comfort mobility of the residents to do their daily activity. For that, this research has been done from the ergonomic and anthropometric theory base as a reference in the making of the accessibility comfort analysis. This research are aims to find out how to find senior living design consideration that prioritizes the accessibility comfort of elderly people in the fulfillment of convenience in specific design for everyday activities. Case studies are designed with a qualitative comparative method. Senior living research is taken in the form of photos documentation, notes, interviews and observation. Through the research results are expected to find senior living design guidelines for the elderly based on the building and the space arrangement for accessibility. These research efforts are to help for all those who want to enrich design learning about ideal accessibility in senior living design.
36
Theler, James L., and Robert F. Boszhardt. "Collapse of Crucial Resources and Culture Change: A Model for the Woodland to Oneota Transformation in the Upper Midwest." American Antiquity 71, no. 3 (July 2006): 433–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002731600039767.
Full textAbstract:
The Driftless Area of the Upper Midwestern United States offers a case study for the transition from hunter-gatherer (Late Woodland Effigy Mound) to agricultural (Oneota) societies between ca. A.D. 950 and 1150, a period that coincided with northward expansion of Middle Mississippian cultures from the American Bottom. Previous studies have not adequately explained the regional disappearance of Effigy Mound cultures, the appearance of Oneota cultures, or the cultural changes that occurred during this period. Our analysis considers ecological (deer and firewood) and cultural (population packing, community organization, hunting technology, and warfare) factors to develop a testable model applicable to broader regions. We propose that increasing Late Woodland populations reached the region's “packing threshold,” disrupting a flexible seasonal round based on residential mobility and triggering shortages of two essential resources, white-tailed deer and firewood, which in turn led Late Woodland groups to abandon vast portions of the Driftless Area. The intrusion of Middle Mississippian peoples from the south created additional disruption and conflict. Remnant Woodland and Mississippian peoples amalgamated briefly in the region's first villages, which were palisaded. After A.D. 1150, Oneota cultures emerged, reoccupying specific localities in clustered settlements.
37
Yang, Yueming, Hyungchul Chung, and Joon Sik Kim. "Local or Neighborhood? Examining the Relationship between Traffic Accidents and Land Use Using a Gradient Boosting Machine Learning Method: The Case of Suzhou Industrial Park, China." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (January 26, 2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8246575.
Full textAbstract:
In cities, road traffic accidents are critical endangerment to people’s safety. A vast number of studies which are designed to understand these accidents’ leading causes and mechanisms exist. The widely held view is that emerging analysis methods can be a critical tool for understanding the complex interactions between land use and urban transportation. Using a case study of Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP) in Suzhou, China, this paper examines the relationship between different land use types and traffic accidents using a gradient boosting model (GBM) machine learning method. The results show that the GBM can be used as an effective accident model for a variety of research and analysis methods by (1) ranking the influential factors, (2) testing the degree of interpretation of each variable as the complexity of iterations changes, and (3) obtaining partial dependence plots, among other methods. The findings of this study also suggest that land use types—including facility points—demonstrate differing degrees of influence at two geographical scales: local level and neighborhood level. In the ranking of relative importance at both scales, the variables of education institutions, traffic lights, and service institutions are all ranked high—with a more significant influence on the occurrence of accidents. However, residential land and land use mix variables differed significantly in both scales and showed a significant deviation compared to the other results. When adjusting the complexity of the decision tree, the local level is more suitable for measuring variables such as residential areas and green parks where pedestrians and vehicles have fixed mobility periods and moderate flows. On the contrary, the nearest neighborhood level is more suitable to a small number of variables related to public service facilities at fixed locations, such as traffic lights and bus stops. In the partial dependence plots, all variables, except educational institutions and residences, show a positive correlation for accidents in the fitting process. The results of this study can ideally help inform transportation planners to reconsider transport accident occurrence rates in the context of the proximity to various land use types and public service facilities.
38
Wang, Jincheng, Qunqi Wu, Feng Mao, Yilong Ren, Zilin Chen, and Yaqun Gao. "Influencing Factor Analysis and Demand Forecasting of Intercity Online Car-Hailing Travel." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (July 2, 2021): 7419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137419.
Full textAbstract:
Online car-hailing travel has become an important part of the urban transportation system and is gradually changing the mode of intercity travel. Analyzing and understanding the influencing factors of intercity online car-hailing travel hold great significance for planning and designing intercity transportation and transfer systems. However, few studies have analyzed the influencing factors of intercity car-hailing travel or forecast travel demand. This paper takes trips between Yinchuan and Shizuishan, China, as the research case and analyzes the influence of time, space, passengers, and the environment on intercity online car-hailing travel. The relationship between the urban built environment and intercity online car-hailing travel demand is also investigated through a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. We find that the peak hours for intercity car-hailing trips are between 9:00 and 10:00 and between 16:00 and 18:00, which are significantly different from those for intracity trips. Weather conditions strongly affect the mobility of intercity trips. The urban built environment also has a significant impact on intercity car-hailing ridership, and residential districts and transportation facilities are the factors with the greatest influence on intercity online car-hailing travel. These results can provide practical help to city managers improve the management of intercity traffic and develop better transportation policies.
39
Taani, Murad H., Ellen Siglinsky, Jessie Libber, Diane Krueger, Neil Binkley, Christine R. Kovach, and Bjoern Buehring. "Semi-Recumbent Vibration Exercise in Older Adults: A Pilot Study of Methodology, Feasibility, and Safety." Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine 5 (January 2019): 233372141988155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333721419881552.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: Older adults with impaired physical function are at risk for further functional decline in part due to limited ability to engage in regular exercise. Effective approaches to exercise in this vulnerable population are needed to improve functional capacity and optimize independence. Methods: Thirty-two residential care apartment complex (RCAC) residents, age ≥70, with low short physical performance battery (SPPB) scores were recruited and randomly assigned to a crossover-design study exploring feasibility and safety of semi-recumbent vibration exercise in older adults living in one RCAC. The primary outcomes were retention and adherence rates and adverse events. Results: The retention rate was 78%. Adherence rate was 79.7% and 78.6% during the vibration and control training sessions, respectively. Thirty-eight adverse events (AEs) occurred. Mild muscle soreness and knee pain were the only AEs related to vibration exercise. No serious adverse events (SAEs) were study-related. Participants were able to increase training intensity and load and rated the training enjoyable. Conclusion: Semi-recumbent vibration exercise was feasible, well tolerated, and safe in RCAC residents with reduced physical function. Future studies need to examine the effect of this type of exercise on physical function, mobility, falls, and quality of life.
40
Sugiharto, Adriana. "PERANCANGAN BANGUNAN HUNIAN LANSIA BERDASARKAN AKSESIBILITAS PENGHUNI PADA LINGKUNGAN DAN BANGUNAN." ARTEKS, Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 1, no. 2 (June 7, 2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/artk.v1i2.127.
Full textAbstract:
Title: Design of Residential Building is Based on the Accessibility of the Elderly Residents to the Environment and Building The design of the elderly housing is increasingly needed, as a result life expectancy has improved which make the growth number of the elderly increases. Senior living for the elderly have had unfavorable image in the community because of a lack of attention to the design of the special needs of the elderly. Like providing the handrail around the wall to maintain the body balance when the elderly walking through the circulation way. The main issue is accessibility in elderly housing for the comfort mobility of the residents to do their daily activity. For that, this research has been done from the ergonomic and anthropometric theory base as a reference in the making of the accessibility comfort analysis. This research are aims to find out how to find senior living design consideration that prioritizes the accessibility comfort of elderly people in the fulfillment of convenience in specific design for everyday activities. Case studies are designed with a qualitative comparative method. Senior living research is taken in the form of photos documentation, notes, interviews and observation. Through the research results are expected to find senior living design guidelines for the elderly based on the building and the space arrangement for accessibility. These research efforts are to help for all those who want to enrich design learning about ideal accessibility in senior living design. Keywords: senior living, ergonomic, anthropometric, accessibility
41
Nadim, Wafaa. "Live-work and adaptable housing in Egypt." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 5, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 289–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-08-2016-0019.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Since the 1950s, Egypt has been challenged by rapid unplanned and uncontrolled informal developments. These may be regarded as people’s interventions to fulfil their basic needs which are seemingly not successfully materialised in previous as well as current interventions. Building on the anticipated demographic and socio-economic changes in the Egyptian society and the consequent changing needs; the purpose of this paper is to present the preliminary investigation of an ongoing research project that regards the housing unit as the nucleus for autonomous mobility starting from the dwelling internal spaces to the nearest public transport. In this respect, informal interventions to adapt housing typologies to the various needs are explored, defined, and categorised to inform future developments. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory phase follows an interpretivist view, which regards reality as not being objective and exterior, but rather socially constructed – given meaning by people. Acknowledging this, a qualitative case study approach was adopted to investigate the perception and aspirations of different age groups and educational levels, including different mobility abilities regarding the efficiency of their housing units and the immediate surroundings – context bound to an informal area in Greater Cairo, Egypt. This investigation comprised two stages. The first was an observatory site visit to establish, define, and identify preliminary challenges; these were then verified and complemented through the second stage which involved meeting and validating stage one data with respective inhabitants. An invitation was sent to inhabitants through an active NGO in the area to gain trust and acceptance of the inhabitants. The invitation targeted different age groups, physical abilities, and educational levels. Findings While developed countries are reviving and promoting the live-work concept, and are continuously thriving to adapt their housing and built environment (in general) to be age friendly; in Egypt, however, Government has largely provided housing projects which adopt a total separation between residential and non-residential activities. Furthermore, the mixed-use typology provided by the Government was arguably with “limited success”. Informal developments on the contrary tend to provide mixed-use housing typologies; in addition to informally adapting their “formal” dwellings to satisfy users’ changing needs. People and particularly the elderly do not consider the quality of their habitable environment as a priority (as long as they have a shelter for their families). However, while not explicitly acknowledging the problematic nature of their dwellings, specific interventions – physical and/or functional, imply their dissatisfaction, including their attempts to improve the spatial and functional qualities of their units. The results from literature review triangulated with findings from the case study; devised a conceptual framework which comprises subcategories for a successful realisation of mixed-use adaptable housing typology in Egypt to inform second phase of the research (not reported). Research limitations/implications This preliminary phase investigates the breadth of housing units’ challenges and explores potential for adaptation. Therefore, a qualitative semi-structured approach was adopted to allow participants to express themselves freely. Furthermore, the participants are those who accepted the invitation to participate in the study, and therefore care should be taken when generalising the results beyond this bounded observation lens. Social implications This research highlights the needs and challenges that need to be taken into account to ensure future housing typologies are adaptable and responsive to current as well as future socio-economic and demographic changes. Originality/value This work evaluates, defines, and categorise mixed-use housing typology potential and challenges in light of informal developments in Egypt. These challenges inform the second phase of this research to identify possible scenarios for achieving systemic “inclusivity” for future housing developments in Egypt.
42
Barrett-Lee, J., S. Barbur, J. Johns, J. Pearce, and RR Elliot. "Hip fractures in centenarians: a multicentre review of outcomes." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 103, no. 1 (January 2021): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2020.0203.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Advances in healthcare have resulted in an increasing UK population, with the proportion of elderly individuals expanding significantly, including centenarians. Hospitals can expect to see growing numbers of so-called ‘super-elderly’ patients with trauma, a majority of whom will have hip fractures. We performed a multicentre review of hip fracture outcomes in centenarians to assess whether being an outlier in age correlates with poorer prognosis. Methods Centenarians admitted to Basingstoke, Southampton, Dorset, and Salisbury district hospitals with hip fractures between January 2014 and June 2019 were included. Electronic records were searched to obtain demographics, functional status, and admission details. Results A total of 60 centenarians were included, with a median age of 101 years (range 100–108 years), 85% of whom were female; 29 were admitted from their own home or sheltered housing and 31 from nursing or residential care; 33 had some outdoor mobility, 26 only mobilised indoors, and 1 had no mobility. Common comorbidities were renal and heart disease and dementia. Of the total, 56 underwent surgery, 51 within 36 hours. In terms of accommodation, 63.4% returned to their pre-injury level of independence. At 30 days, three months, and one year, mortality rates were 27% (n = 16), 40% (n = 24) and 55% (n = 33), respectively. Conclusion Trauma in the elderly population is an area of growing interest, yet few studies address centenarians with hip fractures. This work demonstrates that mortality rates within one year of injury were high, but almost half survived beyond a year. Two-thirds of patients regained their pre-injury level of independence, suggesting that functional recovery may not be as poor as previously reported.
43
CRIBIER, FRANÇOISE. "25th volume celebration paper Changes in the experiences of life between two cohorts of Parisian pensioners, born in circa 1907 and 1921." Ageing and Society 25, no. 5 (August 23, 2005): 637–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x05004009.
Full textAbstract:
The experience of retirement and old age of two cohorts of the residents of Paris, born successively around 1907 and 1921, have been studied through prospective longitudinal studies, each of which comprised several waves of interviews. The two cohorts were first interviewed as they approached retirement and old age, in respectively 1972 and 1984. Moulded by the strong contemporaneous social change, the principal life experiences of the two cohorts have been quite different – from the social and geographic settings of their birth, their childhood and education, through their occupations and career advancement, parenting and family lives, housing conditions and residential mobility, earned incomes and pensions, longevity, and utilisation of medical care. Above all, their long lives have been strongly conditioned by rapid and radical socio-economic changes, particularly in the occupational structure, the rising standard of living, and improvements in urban housing standards, social protection, personal services and average life span. In contrast to their rising material standards, the cohorts have faced the gradual spread of less sympathetic attitudes towards older people, particularly those who lose their autonomy. As the number of people in advanced old age has relentlessly increased, they have in several respects become more distant from the rest of society. Maintaining the continued ‘inclusion’ and full citizenship of frail older people is not only a growing moral and practical problem, but also a major political problem in a democracy.
44
Xia, Tianqi, Xiaoya Song, Xuan Song, Min Lu, Shuzhe Huang, Ryosuke Shibasaki, and Kyoung-Sook Kim. "From walkability to bikeability: A GIS based analysis of integrating bike sharing service in Tokyo TOD system." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-409-2019.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Transit Oriented Development is the approach of urban development which maximizes the land use of residential, business and leisure around the public transit stops. A good TOD system can not only alleviate the contradiction between traffic congestion and insufficient land use for urban development but also significantly improve the convenience of urban residents' work and life. Moreover, while limiting the disorderly spread of the city, a good TOD system can solve the environmental and traffic problems caused by automobiles and promote synergy and integration between the industries. Traditionally, TOD is designed for facilitating the pedestrians to a convenient access to the public transportation systems so as to increase the usage rate of public transports. Despite pedestrians as the target, there are a lot of passengers move to the station via other means such as bus and bicycle. In the previous research, these two kinds of mobility are not included in the evaluation of TOD system as they have a lot of limitation on interacting with the facilities around railway station. In recent years, sharing bicycle becomes popular for solving the problem of the last one kilometer. Comparing to other means of mobility, sharing bicycle is more flexible than bus and has a higher usage rate than private bicycles. In addition, the sharing bike users have a wider access area than the pedestrians. Thus, sharing bicycle is able to play an important role in TOD system. In Tokyo metropolis, there are over 1000 railway stations and more than 50% of residents commute by railway. Nevertheless, the bike sharing system is available only in some specific area, which indicates a lot of room for the development of bike sharing service. In this research, we follow the previous studies of walkability measurement and apply two indicators include road network connectivity and facility accessibility for illustrating how could bike sharing outperforms walking in a TOD system with the case study of Tokyo 23 wards. The result of this research can instruct the government on improving the current TOD system as well as help build a sustainable society.</p>
45
Çelik, Faika. "“Civilizing Mission” in the Late Ottoman Discourse: The Case of Gypsies." Oriente Moderno 93, no. 2 (2013): 577–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340034.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Historians of the Ottoman Empire have up until now written extensively not only on the polyethnic and multireligious nature of the Ottoman Empire, but also on the specific ethnic and religious groups that made up this plurality. Yet, although the Gypsies were a part of this pluralistic society, they have not received sufficient critical attention from Ottomanists whether in Turkey or abroad. While a few important studies have recently been published on the Ottoman Gypsies, this scholarship, though indeed very useful as a guide to the rich materials available on the subject, are weakened by two competing arguments. The first of these arguments is that the Gypsies of the Ottoman Balkans provide a salient example of a group marginalized through stigmatization, segregation and exclusion, whereas the second maintains that Gypsies were benignly tolerated by the Ottoman state. These analyses however fail to take into account that the legal, social and economic status of the Roma people in the Ottoman Empire seems to have been, at different times and in different places, much more complicated than simple marginalization or toleration. The question in fact needs to be problematized through a consideration of regional, local and temporal differences. My previous readings of the kanunnames and the mühimme registers of the second half of the sixteenth century substantiate this view and demonstrate that the marginality of the Gypsies in the Ottoman Balkans in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries was neither absolute and unchanging nor inflexible and complete. The interaction of the Gypsies both with the state and with Ottoman society at large was both hostile and symbiotic. Thus, the purpose of this study is to delve further into this topic and analyze how the Ottoman Imperial state dealt with what I call “community in motion” at various levels in the late nineteenth century. Through close reading of a layiha (memorandum) written by Muallim Sa’di Efendi, a college professor in the city of Siroz (Serres) in communication with other archival sources located in Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi in Istanbul, the paper attempts not only to understand the ways and techniques through which the late Ottoman state produced and governed the Empire’s subjects but also to show how Gypsies interacted with and were received by the local population in Serres, including Muslims and Orthodox Christians. My argument is that during the sixteenth century, the imperial state adopts residential and religious mobility of the Gypsies, albeit with certain restrictions. Yet, by the late nineteenth century, one of the most significant concerns of the late Ottoman state was to “reform” (ıslah) the Gypsies. Constants attempts were being made to deconstruct, normalize and eliminate differences of Gypsies, for instance, appointing imams to the Gypsy neighborhoods to “correct” their faith or opening new schools to “save” them from ignorance and poverty that lived in.
46
Maloutas, Thomas. "Segregation and Residential Mobility." European Urban and Regional Studies 11, no. 3 (July 2004): 195–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776404041422.
Full text
47
Kan, Kamhon. "Expected and Unexpected Residential Mobility." Journal of Urban Economics 45, no. 1 (January 1999): 72–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/juec.1998.2082.
Full text
48
Clark, William A. V., Marinus C. Deurloo, and Frans M. Dieleman. "Residential Mobility and Neighbourhood Careers." Open House International 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2005): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2005-b0003.
Full textAbstract:
Residential mobility is the process by which households attempt to harmonize their housing needs with their housing consumption. However, since houses are geographically inseparable from their neighbourhoods, when households move they also change their locations and their neighbourhoods. This paper examines how households make relative selections when they move between improving their housing consumption and improving the quality of their neigh-bourhoods. We found that households gain in both housing quality and neighbourhood quality, and in many cases, maintain the same housing quality, but gain in neighbourhood quality.
49
Clark, William, Marinus Deurloo, and Frans Dieleman. "Residential Mobility and Neighbourhood Outcomes." Housing Studies 21, no. 3 (May 2006): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673030600585946.
Full text
50
Kan, Kamhon. "Residential mobility with job location uncertainty." Journal of Urban Economics 52, no. 3 (November 2002): 501–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1190(02)00531-4.
Full text