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Academic literature on the topic 'Résidu cystéine'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Résidu cystéine"
Le, Moan Natacha. "Approches globales de l'état redox du résidu cystéine." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364199.
Full textCe travail nous a permis d'identifier de nombreuses protéines cytoplasmiques portant un ou plusieurs résidus cystéine oxydés et d'établir une différence frappante entre les voies des thioredoxines et du glutathion dans le contrôle de l'état redox des thiols intracellulaires. Au cours de notre travail, nous nous sommes également intéressés à la superoxyde dismutase, une protéine cytoplasmique, que nous avons identifié comme oxydée constitutivement. Nous avons étudié le mécanisme d'oxydation de Sod1, et avons observé que celui-ci semble se dérouler dans l'espace intermembranaire mitochondrial et fait intervenir une oxydase spécifique des thiols
Le, Moan Natacha. "Approches globales de l’état redox du résidu cystéine." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112125.
Full textThe thiol group of cysteine provides this amino acid high chemical reactivity exploited in enzymatic catalysis, metal binding, oxidative folding, H2O2 and NO signaling and redox regulation. The chemical nature of the sulfur atom of cysteine allows this amino acid to exist in several different redox forms. Oxidation of the thiol group of cysteine is mainly restricted to compartments that contain specific oxidases, catalyzing this oxidation as the endoplasmic reticulum or intermembrane space of mitochondria. In contrast, the cytoplasm is generally viewed as a highly reducing environment due to the presence of very efficient electron flow pathways that catalyze reduction of the cysteine residue: the thioredoxin and the glutathione pathways. We addressed the reducing nature of the cytoplasm by identifying oxidized protein-thiol using redox proteomics. We differentially labeled protein oxidized thiols using biotin-HPDP, followed by purification to identify oxidized proteins, and 14C- or fluorescent-labelled N-ethylmaleimide, that provide a quantitative estimate of oxidation. Both methods consistently revealed a high number of oxidized proteins in the cytoplasm of S. Cerevisiae cells. We also studied the effect of anaerobiosis, H2O2, and inactivation of the thioredoxin and glutathione pathways. Thioredoxin deletion generated a pronounced oxidation increase of antioxidants, while glutathione depletion decreased the oxidized proteins. Our main conclusion is the contrasted function of electron flow pathways, with thioredoxin having an exclusive role in H2O2 metabolism and glutathione acting as a cellular redox buffer
Pernier, Julien. "Aminopeptidase B : rôles des résidus de cystéine dans le mécanisme catalytique." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066044.
Full textCarpentier, Gabriel. "Importance des résidus cystéines dans le fonctionnement et l'assemblage du cotransporteur K⁺-C1⁻ de type 2." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21710.
Full textDenault, Jean-Bernard. "Étude de la région riche en résidus cystéine de la convertase de mammifère humaine SPC1/furine." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2000. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4136.
Full textCarpentier, Gabriel. "Importance des résidus cystéines dans le fonctionnement et l'assemblage du cotransporteur K+ -CI de type 2." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27666/27666.pdf.
Full textBastin, Guillaume. "Les résidus cystéines en positions 2 et 12 de RGS4 influencent son trafic intracellulaire et ses fonctions." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10003/document.
Full textRGS proteins (Regulator of G-protein Signaling) are potent inhibitors of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling. RGS4 attenuates G-protein activity in several tissues such that loss of its function may lead to bradycardia, diabetic cardiomyopathy, breast cancer cell invasion, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. RGS4 has been localized to both plasma membrane and intracellular pools, however, the nature of its intracellular trafficking remains to be elucidated. G-protein inhibition requires the presence of RGS4 at the plasma membrane. In this work, we characterized the complementary roles of two putative palmitoylation sites on RGS4 to target intracellular compartments and plasma membrane. We identified palmitoylation on Cys2 and 12 respectively important for RGS4 endosomal targeting and plasma membrane localization, when mutations were introduced to the palmitoylation sites, RGS4 capability of inhibiting Gq-mediated signaling was impaired. As a continuum we identified two palmitoylating enzymes, DHHC3 and 7 as modulator of RGS4 localization and function. Knock downs of DHHC3 and 7 impaired RGS4 endosomal and plasma membrane targeting and capability of inhibiting M1-muscarinic receptor signaling. Finally we used live cell confocal microscopy to define RGS4 intracellular trafficking routes. Specifically Rab5 mediated RGS4 trafficking from the plasma membrane to intracellular compartments while Rab11 mediated RGS4 trafficking to the plasma membrane. Activation and inhibition of Rab5 and 11 routes impaired RGS4 capability of inhibiting M1-muscarinic receptor signaling pathway. These novel findings provide a strong rationale for future studies aimed at developing new strategies to increase the function of RGS4
Alencar, Jacicarlos Lima de. "Implication de la s-nitrosation des résidus cystéine dans les effets des donneurs de no dans les vaisseaux : formation de stocks de no." Strasbourg 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR14312.
Full textThe objective of the work was to study the role of s-nitrosothiol formation in the vascular effects of no. The major information that we have obtained is that the persistent inhibition of the vascular contraction induced by some "no donors" is due to the formation of releasable no stores as s-nitrosoproteins in the vascular wall. We also showed important differences between the various families of no donors, and even inside the same family of compounds, for their ability to induce or not persistent effects on arterial tone by s-nitrosation of cysteine residues in vascular tissue. On the basis of the physicochemical properties of these compounds, we propose that prolonged effects can be obtained by carriers of no in its oxidized form nitrosonium (no+) and by compounds enough stable in physiological solution to allow the transfer of no+ on cysteine residues in tissue. With regard to the stability of s-nitrosothiols in solution and the relationship between stability and vasorelaxant properties, we showed the predominant role of the iron ions in the process of decomposition and release of no from s-nitrosocysteine. We also brought arguments suggesting the participation of dinitrosyl iron complexes in the process of decomposition and in the relaxant effect of s-nitrosocysteine. These mechanisms might be interesting to compensate the deficiency in endogenous no production by the endothelium which occur during various cardiovascular diseases
Boulais, Philip E. "Identification des déterminants moléculaires impliqués dans la formation de la pochette de liaison du récepteur CXCR4 et des changements conformationnels lors de son activation." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6226.
Full textLebel, Geneviève. "Rôle des boucles interhélicales du domaine I dans la formation de pores transmembranaires par la toxine insecticide Cry1Aa du bacille de Thuringe." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14921.
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