Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Résines phénoliques'
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Monéger, Catherine. "Etude de la graphitisabilité des carbonisats de résines phénoliques." Orléans, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ORLE2079.
Full textFoyer, Gabriel. "Synthèse de résines phénoliques bio-sourcées sans formaldéhyde pour l’industrie aérospatiale." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENCM0021/document.
Full textResol-type phenolic resins present applicative and thermal properties suitable for applications such as composite manufacture in aeropatial industry. Especially, resols can be polymerized stage-wise and present after curing high char yield properties. However, those resins are typically synthesized from formaldehyde and phenol. Those precursors are both classified as Carcinogenic Mutagenic Reprotoxic (CMR), respectively 1B and 2, and are petrobased. Because of this classification and of the fossil feedstock depletion, SAFRAN-Herakles wants to substitute formaldehyde by non-toxic and biobased aldehyde precursors. Aromatic aldehyde precursors such as 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin and syringaldehyde are interestingly non-toxic and can be produced from the cheap and abundant lignins. Nevertheless, we have shown that those precursors are not reactive in resol synthesis conditions. Also, we have shown that difunctional and reactive aromatic aldehyde precursors are suitable for the synthesis of high char yield resins. Then, we have designed two functionalization methods to turn the biobased aldehyde precursors into difunctional and reactive ones. Finally, those precursors have been used for the synthesis of biobased resols without formaldehyde. Those new resins can be polymerized stage-wise and present higher char yield properties than the current formophenolic resins. Hence, those new biobased aldehyde precursors represent promising alternatives to formaldehyde for the synthesis of resols with target properties for aerospatial industry applications
Mansouri, Komsari Hamid Reza. "Amélioration des résines Urée-Formaldéhyde et Phénol-Formaldéhyde pour le collage des panneaux à base de bois." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN10081/document.
Full textThe work in this thesis has tried to improve the characteristics of aminoplastic and phenolic resins used to make wood particleboard and plywood. To achieve this a number of different additives, active extenders and fillers have been added to the resins. These were polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI), micronized waste polyurethane (PUR) powders, a protein namely albumin, a number of fluorinated polyethers (PolyFox) and urea-formaldehyde (UF) polycondensates in which part of the formaldehyde was substituted with propionaldehyde to form urea (formaldehyde-propionaldehyde (UFP) resins. The totality of the formulations and methodologies used for the preparation of the resins is presented in this thesis. Four types of laboratory resins have been synthetised: UF (Urea-Formaldehyde), PF (Phenol-Formaldehyde), UFP (Urea-Formaldehyde-Propionaldehyde) and UP (Urea-Propionaldehyde). Two commercial UF resins have also been used. All the resins were analysed by 13C NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). The plywood and wood particleboard were prepared with the different glue-mixes, and tested according to the specifications of the relevant European Norms. Some of the panels were also analysed by X-ray microdensitometry and MEB
Sylla, Moustapha. "Rôle des molécules phénoliques dans la photopolymérisation : application à des résines de finition pour le bois." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10172.
Full textThe use of environnement kind finishes such as photocurable resins onto wood is difficult because of the material reactivity. We studied the influence of phenols chosen as model wood extractives onto the photopolymerization of acrylates. Kinetics of radical curing were investigated by differential scanning (photo)calorimetry to compare phenols reactivity following the nature of initiation (thermal or photochemical) and the action of photoinitiators used. Our results are in good agreement with the interaction mechanisms between phenols/transient species arising from investigations by transient absorption and electron spin resonance spectroscopies. Mechanical properties of acrylate films were characterized by thermomechanical analysis and some structural defects of the cured networks were highlighted depending upon the photoinitiator used. Further developments of this study concern the characterization of coloured phenolic compounds and the use of initiators efficient in visible light
Maza, Lisa Jésus. "Résines vertes à base de lignine organosolve." Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3039.
Full textPhenolic resins, may be used in the wood industry for the manufacture of particle boards or plywood, after gluing, impregnation and/or hot-pressing steps. They are mainly obtained by step polymerization (polycondensation) from formaldehyde and phenol. These two raw materials are currently petrochemicals.This thesis work, supported by Rolkem, a company specialized in the design and manufacture of resol type phenolic resins, aims to reduce the use of non-biobased materials by replacing phenol with lignin exhibiting a phenolic structure and a structural similarity with the network of phenolic resins. Lignin is abundant in the environment and easily available. To achieve the industrialization of these new biobased resins, a study on the understanding of the reaction mechanisms has been carried out to favor the incorporation of lignin within the resins. It has been possible to replace up to 50wt.% of the phenol with organosolve lignin and to reduce the initial concentration of formaldehyde at the same time. 75wt.% substitution has been achieved using a Kraft lignin by reducing up to 30wt.% of the formaldehyde concentration as compared to conventional resins. The new biobased resins respect the Rolkem specifications. Thanks to this work results, the scale transfer of biobased resins from the laboratory scale to the industrial pilot was possible, while respecting industrial constraints such as productivity, quality, safety and environment. In addition, the industrial plywood bonding tests were in accordance with the prerequisite.In addition to the above objectives the reactivity of BiolignineTM with formaldehyde has been studied under conventional heating and microwave irradiation. This complementary study allows the correlation of the lignine-formaldehyde reactivity and the heating modes to specifically reach products resulting from addition or condensation reactions
Oehler, Danièle. "Etudes cristallographiques de calixarènes et de précurseurs de résines phénoliques obtenus à partir du paraisopropyl-phénol." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19039.
Full textArrambide, Cruz Carlos. "Méthodologies de synthèse de résines formo-phénoliques chélatantes : vers une extraction solide-liquide optimisée des métaux stratégiques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT169.
Full textExtraction of specific targeted species (rare earth, heavy metals, transition metals, radionuclides) from industrial (mining deposit and urban mining) and nuclear effluents is an important issue in the recycling and / or decontamination processes. A large number of organic and inorganic solids, chelating or ion-exchanging materials, have been developed for selective ionic separation by solid / liquid process. Metal-specific ligands incorporate in the structure of the resin itself is an interesting way to perform ion separation taking the advantage of the selectivity of chelating agents. The aims of this project are firstly the synthesis of chelating original systems and then prepare specific ion exchange resins.From formo-phenolic resins incorporating catechol and 8-hydroxyquinoline, we have been able to show that the selective recovery of germanium from silicon or zinc was possible, , depending on their proportion of each phenolic precursors in the polymeric matrix.The synthesis of the phenolic precursors integrating ligands such as diglycolamic acid and diglycolamides allowed the use of resin for the recovery of rare earths elemnets. A study on the understanding of the synthesis of resins as well as their performance of extraction was thus realized and was able to highlight the potential of these resins for the recovery and valorization of the rare earths elements.An opening towards other possibilities of synthesis of this type of resins (porous materials, in the form of foam, etc.) is also proposed in order to increase the contact surfaces during solid-liquid extractions and thus increase the performance of these materials
Demattei, Didier. "Etude de l'acidité des matériaux photosensibles utilisés en microlithographie : application aux polymères phénoliques et aux composés diazonaphtoquinones." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20217.
Full textRoumeas, Laurent. "Étude des voies de dépolymérisation chimique des tanins condensés : vers une production industrielle de composés phénoliques biosourcés." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON13522.
Full textThe substitution of fossil carbon by renewable raw materials is a major strategic challenge for the environment, economy and public health. Our thesis focuses on the utilisation of phenol derivatives, which are widely used in the field of synthetic materials (resins, plastics). Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of plant flavanol monomers as substitutes for petrochemical phenols such as bisphenol A. The objective of this work was to contribute to the development of an industrial access to such compounds by depolymerization of condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins), an abundant plant resource currently untapped for such applications. Depolymerization can be performed by breaking the interflavan bonds in acidic medium and scavenging the released carbocations by a nucleophilic reagent. Various strategies and conditions were studied and compared to better understand the role of the acid, the nucleophile and the solvent and temperature in the depolymerisation reaction. The selected strategies, applied on a pure B2 dimer used as a model and an industrial seed tannins extract from white grape pomace at the gram scale, were compared in terms of performance, kinetics, product stability, ease of implementation and work-up in the context of a larger scale production complying with the objectives of sustainable development and the constraints of industrialization
Tejeda-Ricardez, Jesús Alberto. "Etude de la liquéfaction de déchets de l'industrie de l'huile d'olive en vue d'une application dans le domaine des résines phénoliques et des mousses de polyuréthane." Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT001G.
Full textMosnier, Pascal. "Evolution structurale d'un composite Carbone / Résine Phénolique lors du processus "assèchement - pyrolyse"." Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13614.
Full textMilone, Emmanuel. "Ablation physico-chimique d’un composite «fibres de carbone – résine phénolique» sous impacts de gouttes d’alumine." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/67a1a768-c649-4a3e-bef9-610d6e23bd5f/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4060.pdf.
Full textDuring solid-fuel booster launching, a high velocity (= 2500 m/s) and temperature (> 3000 K) flow containing alumina droplets strongly stresses the motor's nozzle. The nozzle walls made of ablative composites are damaged by droplets successive impacts resulting from propellant combustion. This work comes within the framework of nozzle design and is focused on the global process study of ablative composite damage which is submit to repeated alumina droplets impacts and the measure of composite recession speed as a function of liquid particles parameters (temperature, velocity. . . ). In conclusion, this study suggest an ablation mechanism for the composite and allows the determination of the main droplet parameters on material ablation speed
Borazghi, Hossein. "Moulage et propriétés des composites à partir de préimprégnés à base de résine phénolique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0033/MQ38660.pdf.
Full textMachrafi, Younes. "Inhibition de la symbiose rhizobium-légumineuses par les acides phénoliques provenant des écorces de résineux." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60731.pdf.
Full textWolff, Valérie. "Influence de l'ensimage sur les propriétés mécaniques de tissus de verre enduits de résine phénolique ou de latex." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10096.
Full textDumortier, Olivier. "Elaboration par enroulement filamentaire et caractérisation de composites à matrice biphasée C-Sic renforcés par des fibres de carbonne." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0041.
Full textFor sa reduced cost, technologies from carbon-carbon composites such as liquid resin infiltration, can be adapted to provide space and defence industries with materials that resist high temperature and oxidizing atmospheres
Bouslah, Mounia. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'une mousse syntactique à base de résine phénolique pour la protection de conduites en acier dans l'industrie pétrolière." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC014/document.
Full textThis work consisted in the development and the evaluation of a phenolic syntactic foam performance for the production of a multilayer sandwich system (core/skin in composite material). It ensures thermal, mechanical and fire protection, in particular against the impact of a jet fire. A jet fire can occur on a petrochemical site resulting from the combustion of a fuel continuously released under pressure. It can be very devastating for its abrasive effect and intense convective and radiative flux. The work focuses mainly on the study of the effectiveness of the phenolic syntactic foam through the analysis of the relationship microstructure-propriety. The manufacturing process requirements imposed to control the elaboration via a good understanding of the reactivity of the resin, especially in relation to various physical transformations (gelation, vitrification) that take place during the curing mechanisms. That involves optimizing the proportions of the various active compounds and additives depending on the working conditions in order to achieve optimal properties of the final material. The effectiveness of this final material under normal conditions of use was determined by a complete testing phase on its mechanical, thermal and thermomechanical properties. Fire tests were also conducted to investigate the material burning behavior to ensure its protective properties under a jet flame impact. Finally, a large-scale instrumented test, reproducing in real conditions a propane gas leak at high pressure, was developed to evaluate the resistance to a jet fire of a complete industrial prototype. In parallel, a simplified numerical model was also proposed to simulate the impact of such a fire
Dentzer, Laetitia. "Compréhension du suivi de polymérisation d’un système réactif phénolique fortement dilué en présence d’une phase latex pour l'élaboration d’un adhésif sans formaldéhyde." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI043.
Full textA new phenolic-type reactive system more environment friendly, namely phenol-, resorcinol- or formaldehyde-free, was characterized during this Ph.D. This system consists in the copolymerization of Phloroglucinol and Terephthalaldehyde (TPA) in highly diluted water solution conditions. First, a literature study allowed a selection of relevant experimental technics in order to follow the advancement of these complex systems in solution. The combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses is required to characterize the soluble part of the Phloroglucinol-TPA based system. A mechanism of reaction to synthesize linear oligomers was proposed for short reaction times. The increase of the non-soluble part during the reaction in the analyses made after a solubilization step leaded to the conclusion of another type of mechanism where the oligomers are involved. A monitoring method to follow the state of the system by rheological measurement was also developed for the production process. Secondly, this system was used in the preparation of an adhesive based on Phloroglucinol, TPA and Latex. This adhesive was studied in a liquid state during it ‘maturation’ and in a solid state after curing resulting in films from several model systems. The stability of the system during maturation was checked even if condensation reactions of the Phloroglucinol-TPA still took place. After curing, a two-phase morphology of the films was observed which was found to be specific to the nature of the latex phase. It was concluded that the new Phloroglucinol-TPA system has a similar behavior to the one of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde in terms of mechanism and use in presence of latex. It showed the capability to replace the initial system in the preparation of a new adhesive more environment friendly
Grange, Nathan. "Étude du comportement au feu de matériaux composites destinés à des applications aéronautiques : expériences et Modélisations." Thesis, Bourges, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAB0002/document.
Full textSince the beginning of aeronautics, fire has been one of the first identified risks. However, the latter is still today the source of accidents, often fatal, lack of outcome when it intervenes in flight. At the same time, the need to reduce the mass of current aircraft, to limit operating costs, has made the use of composite materials, particularly fire-resistant, essential. In order to validate the fire performance of these materials, it is therefore necessary to certify their performance when subjected to fire. These tests represent a non-negligible cost during the development phases. The use of numerical simulations seems to be a good alternative in order to limit the number of trials. Nevertheless, the latter require a certain number of input parameters and a good knowledge of degradation phenomena. Thus in this work, the thermal degradation of two composite materials is studied, the thermoplastic carbon-PEKK and the thermosetting carbon-phenolic. The thermal and kinetic properties are first characterized on a small scale (ATG / DSC, DIL, diffusivity by flash method). Subsequently, these properties are used in the pyrolysis model that is validated on a medium scale using calorimeter cone degradation measurements. Finally, fire resistance tests are carried out using the NexGen burner of the experimental VESTA fire platform. In addition, the pyrolysis products are then evaluated during the degradation (Py-GC-MS) to determine the lower flammability limits and thus propose a classification of the materials studied
Briou, Benoît. "Valorisation du cardanol et d’acides et d’aldéhydes lipidiques dans le domaine des matériaux polymères." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS114/document.
Full textOne of the major challenges in the field of polymers is the substitution of oil-based molecules for the development of monomers, polymers and polymer additives. The topic of this thesis is focused on the valorization of bio-sourced molecules and particularly, cardanol and vegetable oil derivatives. Since the scope of polymers is broad, we have chosen to focus on the following three major issues.At first, we were interested in the plasticization of PVC, which is most often carried out by phthalates, a family of oil-based esters strongly suspected to be endocrine disruptors. Alternative additives were thus synthesized by simple chemical reactions from cardanol and fatty esters. Good thermal stabilities and satisfactory plasticizing properties were obtained. Finally, toxicity and ecotoxicity tests have demonstrated the absence of a disruptive impact on the secretion of sex hormones and the non-toxicity towards the environment of these bio-sourced plasticizers.In a second step, we were interested in the chemistry of phenolic resins usually prepared from phenol and formaldehyde, two molecules classified as CMR substances. Thus, a bio-sourced phenol, cardanol, and a bio-sourced aldehyde, nonanal, were reacted to reach flexible phenolic resins. This peculiar property is the result of internal plasticization of the pendant lipid chains within the polymer network. By this example, the interest of vegetable oil derivatives for the production of flexible materials was demonstrated. Finally, a compromise between the flexibility of phenolic resins and their chemical and thermal resistances was reached.Finally, we turned to the development of crosslinked polyurethanes from a fatty ester, a fatty diester and a triglyceride exhibiting alpha-hydroxyketone functions (collaboration with the CASYEN team of the ICBMS). The contribution of the alpha-ketone function on the reactivity of the related to the isocyanate reagent is only modest compared to isolated alcohol type derivatives (castor oil) and alcohol associated with another alcohol function ( triglyceride 1,2-diol). Nevertheless, the presence of intramolecular interactions from ketone groups made possible to enhance the thermal stability of the PU materials and to develop flexible crosslinked PUs by internal plasticization, as in the case of phenolic resins.This thesis brings out the advantages provided by the use of lipid phenols such as cardanol and fatty chains for the improvement of thermal stability and flexibility of polymer materials
Grigoraş, Cristina-Gabriela. "Valorisation des fruits et des sous-produits de l'industrie de transformation des fruits par extraction des composés bioactifs." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772304.
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