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Lim, Julia Alison. "Resistance and agency in Bharati Mukherjee's Wife, the Tiger's Daughter and Jasmine /." Title page, contents and preface only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arl7323.pdf.
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Pascucci, Elisa. "Beyond depoliticization and resistance : refugees, humanitarianism, and political agency in neoliberal Cairo." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51440/.
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Responding to the call of contemporary political philosophy to locate ‘the political' beyond the boundaries of formal citizenship (Balibar, 2004; Chatterjee, 2004; Rànciere, 2004), over the last few years researchers across various disciplines have devoted increasing attention to migrant and refugee protests and political mobilization (Tyler and Marciniak, 2013). Research in this area has thoroughly questioned paradigms of biopolitical exception, but also challenged widespread assumptions on the political agency of subaltern subjects as always associated with mundane, silent, and invisible practices. In this context, academic attention has been devoted significantly to Euro-American borderzones and spaces of enforcement, and, in the Global South, to refugee camps. Today however, evidence is growing that the vast majority of refugee and migrant populations are urbanized, and do not live in the West. Based on an 18-month ethnographic fieldwork, this thesis contributes to this growing body of work exploring the contested relations between refugees and humanitarian agencies in Cairo, Egypt. Theoretically, the analysis combines insights from assemblage geographies (De Landa, 2006; McFarlane, 2011) and critical development, refugee, and urban studies (Hyndman, 2001; Simone 2004a, 2004b; Elyachar, 2005; Duffield, 2007, 2011; Bayat, 2010; 2012; Hyndman and Giles, 2011). The empirical sections of the thesis are articulated around two main axes of inquiry. Part B – The Boundaries of Aid – looks at how refugees in Cairo engage with the spatial practices of humanitarian organizations, contesting their growing securitization and the boundaries and hierarchies that separate them from practitioners. Part C – Sociomaterial infrastructures: agency beyond resistance – focuses on the networks – encompassing human and non-human elements – which allow refugees to build relations of support, experience sociality, and organize politically autonomously from aid agencies. The thesis puts forward a two-part argument. Not only do the struggles of refugees in Cairo challenge prevalent understanding of humanitarian aid as a domain of ‘depoliticization', but they also question the distinction between everyday life and overt manifestations of ‘resistance', contestation, and protest. Confronted with a complex and often violent system of humanitarian and urban governance, refugees in Cairo, I demonstrate, are able to mobilize a range of practices and position takings which problematize prevalent conceptualizations of resistance, and point to the need for rethinking questions of agency in conditions of structural violence.
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Nordlander, Andrea. "Agency, Resistance and Embodiment in The Context of PMS : a Qualitative Study." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-145628.
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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) was originally coined to describe the various changes that many women experience the days before their period. Today, we understand PMS as a complex phenomenon that not only involves the materiality of the body, but also discursive ideas and cultural mythology around women and femininity. The field of PMS-research is fragmented and includes a medical, a social constructivist, and, more recently, a material-discursive-intrapsychic perspective. This study takes its starting point in the latter approach, which allows for a multidimensional analysis of both material, discursive, and psychological aspects of PMS. To avoid pathologization, the use of premenstrual change, rather than -syndrome when discussing material experiences of menstrual cycle-related experiences, is supported and encouraged. Theoretical concepts such as bio-power, the body politic, and sexual difference, are used to make sense of the material which consists of three semi-structured group discussions and one interview with seven German women between 21 and 30. The study centers around how these women negotiate and make deliberate choices around PMS and menstruation, including embracing and/or resisting PMS as a material-discursive concept. The study aims at gaining insight into how we can make sense of PMS as a social and embodied phenomenon. Findings suggest that rather than considering premenstrual change as disempowering or as splitting menstruators lives into bad days and normal days, it can be viewed as a translator between the needs of body, psyche, and being. Premenstrual change, together with menstrual cycle-related pain, can furthermore form the basis for a supportive sisterhood.
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Jeffery, Susan Elizabeth. "Resistance, religion and identity in Ojitlan, Oaxaca, Mexico." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3960/.
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This dissertation analyses resistance to a regional development programme, which centred on the construction of a dam at Cerro de Oro, Ojitlan, Oaxaca, Mexico and the resettlement of the affected Chinantec population into an area of Uxpanapa, Veracruz. The resistance of the people of Ojitlan took various forms over a seven year period (1972-9), including political action, a syncretic millenarian movement, a reassertion of traditional forms of community fiestas and passive resistance to resettlement. Ojitlan has been affected by national economic and political changes since before the Spanish Conquest. Large plantations established in the tropical lowland areas in the 19th century ceded place to small "ejido" communities, set up under land reform in the 1930s. Control of land and the economic relationships of production are seen as factors affecting the patterns of resistance in Ojitlan. The dissertation reviews the anthropological literature on resistance and on ethnicity. The series of forms of resistance studied can be seen as multiple cultural articulations - attempts to "bridge the gap" between the established Ojitec life and the "modern" systems of work and life introduced by the development project of the Papaloapan River Commission. The Ojitec struggle with modernity involved dealing not just with the question of resettlement in the collective ejidos of Uxpanapa, but also with the reforms promoted in the Oaxacan Catholic Church. The traditional ritual of indigenous Catholicism offered a sphere of legitimate agency and autonomy for the Ojitec in the face of new models of agency and power. The dissertation suggests the usefulness of the concept of resistance, tempered with an analysis of accompanying processes of accommodation to change. Evidence from the 1990s indicates that ethnic identity continues to be important in political resistance to the state in Uxpanapa, a sign of the resilience of forms of Ojitec culture.
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Goode, Jackie. "Governmentality : welfare, health and higher education as sites of agency, resistance and identity." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2007. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/governmentality-welfare-health-and-higher-education-as-sites-of-agency-resistance-and-identity(6eb9fc1a-f35f-491b-a049-bb5f0b9186c6).html.
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The work that is submitted here for the degree of PhD by publication comprises one book, one book chapter, and fourteen papers published in peer-reviewed journals. Many arise from qualitative research projects on which I was the appointed researcher. I am sole author on five of the publications, lead author on seven, and joint author on four. The publications span the years 1998-2007. They are included in full, and are examined, using Foucault's notion of 'governmentality', in an overview. The projects were designed and conducted during a particular era in history (characterised as 'risk society' or Yeflexive modernity'), dominated by a particular political ideology (characterised as 'neo-liberal'), and all examined aspects of public service delivery and use. Using Foucault's notion of governmentality, this body of research is concerned with questions of how we govern, and how we are governed, and with the relation between the government of ourselves, the government of others, and the government of the state. Foucault suggests that it is only through the analysis of various micro-sites that practices of power or governmentality might be identified. The research collected here represents a study of governmentality in the 'micro-sites' of welfare, (in this case, the provision and use of social security benefits); health care (the delivery and 'consumption' of NHS Direct, an innovative health care service); and education (in particular, the management of change in Higher Education, and the production of university learning, teaching and research).
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Lo, Wai Han. "Inter-discursive strategies, resistance and agency the case of poverty in Hong Kong media." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/210.
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This study uses Foucauldian governmentality as a framework to examine the interplay of neoliberal and place-based discourses, as well as the political rationalities aimed at governing citizens. It identifies neoliberalism as an ideological project and different parties play a role in the facilitation and circulation of neoliberalism as a form of governmentality. The possibility for accommodation of the two mismatched theoretical position, poststructuralism and Marxism, is also discussed. This study not only focuses on the apparatus of technologies of domination, but also responds to a recent call to recognize the creative possibilities and freedom of an individual. A geneology of poverty and welfare discourse is examined in this study through a complementary combination of qualitative coding analysis and quantitative content analysis of 20 years of Hong Kong newspaper articles. Seventy in-deep interviews with poor people, social workers, and volunteers, and participant observation were conducted in three NGOs for one year. Five central governing practices among poverty news articles supporting neoliberal rationality and mentalities and four oppositional claims are also found. Three major shifts in discursive strategies were identified as coinciding with the major socio-political changes in Hong Kong. The result shows that the mobilization of moral panic prompted a shift in the discourse regarding poverty from a story-like form of social citizenship to rational language of economic citizenship. In this, news media use their institutional power to determine the legitimate way to discuss poverty. Faced with journalism preference of scientism, rationality, and extraordinary stories, social actors and government officials use survey, official statistics, rational language and demonstrations to attract media attention. Journalists condition the audience to act as good citizens by repeating the self-reliance project. The individuals are either conditioned to behave themselves or to monitor the behavior of others in economic terms. This study further examines how the society in terms of power and knowledge constitutes subjectivity. It first illustrates how gazes might transform social relations in our everyday lives. Individuals might submit to power as technology of domination under constant surveillance. At the same time, poor people accomplish goals and actualize themselves as technology of self
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Banerjee, Supurna. "Nurturing resistance : agency and activism of women tea plantation workers in a gendered space." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9837.
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This thesis offers an analysis of labour relations and social space in the tea gardens of north-east India. Existing literature provides us with an understanding of how the plantations operate as economic spaces, but in so doing they treat workers as undifferentiated economic beings defined only by their class identity. Space, however, has to be animated to be meaningful. Through participant observation and semi-structured interviews I explore the plantations as actual lived spaces where people are bound by and resist constraints. Multiple intersecting identities play out within these social spaces making them ethnic, religious, and caste spaces in addition to being gendered. Focusing on these intersectional identities, I demonstrate how region, ethnicity, party affiliation, caste, religion are played out and how they are invoked at certain points by the women workers. The articulations of identity not only determine a sense of belonging or non-belonging to a space but also how one belongs. Within the physical sites of the plantation, I examine how the women perceive these spaces and how, in moving between ideas of home/world, public/private, these very binaries are negated. The strict sexual division of labour primarily in the workplace but also in the household and villages inscribe the physical sites with certain gendered meanings and performances. The women negotiate these in their everyday lives and shape these spaces even as they are shaped by them. Conditioned by gender norms and the resultant hierarchy their narratives can be read as stories of deprivation and misery, but looking deeper their agency can also be uncovered. The lives of my research participants show how the social spaces within which they operate are not static; in spite of spatial controls there are the many minute acts of resistance through which the women work the existing restraints to their least disadvantage. Focussing on the minute acts of insubordination, deceit and even confrontation I elucidate how the women made use of the relations of subordination to pave spaces of resistance and sometimes even of autonomy. Furthermore, not all acts of agency are minute or unspectacular. I map instances of highly visible, volatile and aggressive protests apparently challenging the accepted social codes within which they function. In expressing themselves, the women use the available political repertories of protest in forms of strikes, blockades, street plays, etc. Through these instances of activism they appropriate and become visible in the public realm and challenge the accepted ways in which social spaces and norms play out. Despite their articulate nature, these protests usually seek to address immediate demands and do not escalate into social movements. Also while volatile in action, the protests seek legitimacy within the accepted gender codes that operate in their everyday life in the plantation.
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Tov??as, de Plaisted Blanca History & Philosophy Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "Resistance and cultural revitalisation: reading Blackfoot agency in the texts of cultural transformation 18701920." Publisher:University of New South Wales. History & Philosophy, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43907.
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The radical transformations attendant upon the imposition of colonial rule on the Siksikaitsitapi or Blackfoot of northern Alberta and southern Montana are examined in this dissertation in order to emphasise the threads of continuity within a tapestry of cultural change c.1870-1920. The dissertation traces cultural persistence through the analysis of texts of history and literature that constructed Blackfoot subjectivity in the half-century following the end of traditional lifeways and settlement on three reserves in Canada and one reservation in the United States of America. This interdisciplinary thesis has been undertaken jointly in the School of History and Philosophy, and the School of English, Media and Performance Studies. It combines the tools of historical research and literary criticism to analyse the discourses and counter-discourses that served to construct Blackfoot subjectivity in colonial texts. It engages with the ways in which the Blackfoot navigated colonisation and resisted forced acculturation while adopting strategies of accommodation to ensure social reproduction and even physical survival in this period. To this end, it presents four case studies, each focusing on a discrete process of Blackfoot cultural transformation: a) the resistance to acculturation and cultural revitalisation as it relates to the practice of Ookaan (Sun Dance); b) the power shifts ushered in by European contact and the intersection between power and Blackfoot dress practices; c) the participation of Blackfoot "organic intellectuals" in the construction of Blackfoot history through the transformation of oral stories into text via the ethnographic encounter; and d) the continuing links between Blackfoot history and literature, and contemporary fictional representations of Blackfoot subjectivity by First Nations authors. This thesis acknowledges that Blackfoot history and literature have been constructed through a complex matrix of textual representations from their earliest contacts with Europeans. This dissertation is a study of the intersection between textual representations of the Blackfoot, and resistance, persistence and cultural revitalisation 1870-1920. It seeks to contribute to debates on the capacity of the colonised Other to exercise agency. It engages with views articulated by organic intellectuals, and Blackfoot and other First Nations scholars, in order to foster a dialogue between Blackfoot and non-Blackfoot scholarship.
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Sims, Maria A., Timothy J. Dennehy, Amanda Patin, Yves Carrière, Yong-Biao Liu, Bruce Tabashnik, Larry Antilla, and Mike Whitlow. "Arizona's Multi-agency Resistance Management Program for Bt Cotton: Sustaining the Susceptibility of Pink Bollworm." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/211325.
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Bt cotton has been used in Arizona since 1996 with exceptionally positive results in terms of economic returns to growers and reductions in insecticide use in cotton. Yet, the isolation of pink bollworm highly resistant to Bt cotton from collections made in Arizona in 1997 demonstrated the seriousness of the threat that resistance poses to transgenic Bt technology. For this reason unparalleled measures have been taken to detect and manage resistance of pink bollworm to Bt cotton in Arizona. This paper presents results of statewide monitoring of pink bollworm susceptibility to the Bt toxin, Cry1Ac, conducted from 1997 to 1999. Mean susceptibility of Arizona pink bollworm to Cry1Ac increased from 1997 to 1999. Mean corrected mortality in 1μg/ml Cry1Ac assays was 52.3% in 1997, 90.6% in 1998, and 97.9% in 1999. Mean corrected mortality in bioassays of 10 μg/ml was 94.5% in 1997, 99.8% in 1998, and 100% in 1999. Selection with Cry1Ac in the laboratory has produced from 1997 field collections a strain possessing 200 to 900-fold resistance to Cry1Ac. This resistant strain is capable of surviving on Bt cotton. We provide an overview of other components of the multi-agency collaboration to sustain efficacy of Bt cotton in Arizona. These include: 1) evaluation of the field performance of Bt cotton; 2) mapping and analysis of use of Bt and non-Bt cotton and compliance with refuge requirements; 3) effectiveness of internal versus external refuges and movement of pink bollworm moths from refuges; and 4) activities of the Arizona Bt Cotton Working Group to formulate and implement effective resistance management strategies.
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Mallick, Bhaswar. "Agency of Labor Resistance in Nineteenth Century India: Significance of Bulandshahr and F.S. Growse’s Account." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1543581416769978.
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Quadrelli, Carol A. "Aberrance, Agency and Social Constructions of Women Offenders." Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15849/.
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Traditionally offending women are framed through essentialist discourses of pathologisation and the family. Hence, good women are constructed as passive, compliant, vulnerable to victimisation, and nurturers. Offending women are constructed within criminal justice processes as disordered, physiologically and psychologically flawed. Censure or sympathy dispensed to women within the system is contingent on a number of key factors: the type of offence, the category of women involved, and the way in which women interact and negotiate the discourses used to construct their aberrance.
The focus of this thesis is offending women and how they are socially constructed through legal and penal discourses within the court and the prison. However this thesis rejects the essentialist framework which positions women as passive recipients of an omnipotent patriarchal criminal justice system and thus having no agency. Nor is this thesis about creating a new entity to encompass all offending women. Instead an anti- essentialist approach is adopted that allows the body, power, and women's agency to be theorised. This approach provides a more complex and detailed account of women's aberrance that acknowledges the diverse range of women, their experiences and negotiations of criminal justice processes. The combination of real women's lived experiences and an alternative theoretical framework provides a very different perspective in which to understand female offending.
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Limaverde, Cabral Pinheiro David. "Pedagogies and Poetics of Agency: A Narrative Inquiry on Embodied Strategies in a Culture of Resistance." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/455150.
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This present project is inserted in a transdisciplinary approach, focusing on paths of how Cultural Pedagogy is performed among artists of the city of Fortaleza, Brazil – in the context of socially constructed and embodied agencies. Through their narratives, cartographical timelines and an experiential engagement with the subjects, this project aims: 1) To understand how pedagogy takes its roll in the social construction and embodiment of forms of agency of artist from Fortaleza, with a possible content and poetics of resistance. 2) To create a dialogue among the categories of Cultural Pedagogy, Resistance, Agency and Embodiment. 3) To raise possible interrogations / connections out of the rich narratives provided by the ten artists/subjects. As a performer, educator and researcher, the author places himself, also, as a subject, exploring the relationship among the categories of the investigation, his own experiences (in physical and creative practices) and the narratives of ten artists portrayed as possessing a social and/or political content in their poetics. Furthermore, under a phenomenological approach, this research develops the concept of Will as Social Desire and introduces lines of learning reasonings on Moving Agencies and Proprioception.O presente projeto está inserido em uma abordagem transdisciplinar, com foco em caminhos de como a Pedagogia Cultural é performada entre artistas da cidade de Fortaleza, Brasil - no contexto de agênciamentos socialmente construídos e incorporizados. Através das narrativas desses artistas, timelines cartográficas e envolvimento experiencial com os sujeitos, este projeto tem como objetivo: 1) Compreender como a pedagogia se insere na construção social e incorporização das formas de agenciamento de artistas de Fortaleza, com um possível conteúdo e poética da resistência. 2) Criar um diálogo entre as categorias de Pedagogia Cultural, Resistência, Agenciamento e Embodiment. 3) Levantar possíveis interrogantes / conexões através das ricas narrativas fornecidas pelos dez artistas / sujeitos. Como performer, educador e pesquisador, o autor coloca-se, também, como sujeito, explorando a relação entre as categorias de investigação, suas próprias experiências (em práticas físicas e criativas) e as narrativas de dez artistas retratadas como possuindo um engajamento de conteúdo social e/ou político em suas poéticas. Além disso, sob uma abordagem fenomenológica, esta pesquisa desenvolve o conceito de Vontade Como Desejo Social e introduz linhas de raciocínios de aprendizagem sobre Agenciamentso em Movimento e Propriocepção.
El presente proyecto se inserta en una perspectiva transdisciplinaria, con enfoque en caminos de cómo la Pedagogía Cultural es performada entre los artistas de la ciudad de Fortaleza, Brasil – en el contexto de agencias socialmente construidas y corporizadas. A través de narrativas venidas de eses artistas, timelines cartográficas y la participación experiencial con los sujetos, este proyecto tiene como objetivo: 1) Comprender cómo la pedagogía se inserta en la construcción social y la corporación de las formas de agencia de los artistas de Fortaleza, con un posible contenido y poética de resistencia. 2) Crear un diálogo entre las categorías de Pedagogía Cultural, Resistencia, Agencia y Embodiment. 3) Levantar posibles interrogantes / conexiones por las ricas narrativas colectadas de los diez artistas / sujetos. Como performer, educador e investigador, el autor también se inserta como sujeto, explorando una relación entre las categorías de investigación, sus experiencias (en practicas fisicas y creativas) y las narrativas de los artistas retratados como poseedores de un engajamento de contenido social y / o político en sus poéticas. Además, en una metodología fenomenológica, esta investigación desarrolla el concepto de Voluntad Como Deseo Social y líneas de raciocinio de aprendizaje sobre agencias en movimiento y propriocepción.
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Ayele, Sehin Teferra. "Agency and sisterhood : a feminist analysis of Ethiopian sex workers' experiences of, and resistance to, violence." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2016. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23793/.
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Sex workers in Ethiopia are both stigmatized by mainstream society and sometimes patronized as victims. Whereas western feminism has engaged with sex work on theoretical grounds, the more specific topic of violence against sex workers has been neglected by academia and usually taken for granted. It was in this context that I undertook a feminist research into violence against sex workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia between October 2011 and July 2012. I adopted a post-colonial stance in my research and building on my previous experience in working with sex workers in Addis Ababa, designed a qualitative inquiry that aimed to be as participatory as possible. With the support of a sex workers' association, I conducted five focus group discussions among the same group of 20 sex workers; interviewed 87 sex workers as well as 22 male partners of sex workers, and conducted a survey to assess male attitudes towards sex work among university students. My findings show that sex workers in Addis Ababa, rather than being victims, exhibit agency in choosing sex work over the other low-paying jobs available to unskilled young women and in negotiating their way within the sector; minimizing the dangers they face and maximising their monetary gains. Sex workers also adopt a pragmatic version of sisterhood, supporting each other in times of need amidst competition. My research indicates that sex workers' commodified sexuality and 'their' men's aggressive masculinity lie on continuums with the constructed femininity and masculinity of mainstream Ethiopian society. Lastly, I argue that the violence experienced by sex workers is only an extreme manifestation of the violence largely experienced by Ethiopian women at large which speaks to the highly patriarchal nature of the gender regime in Ethiopia.
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Alvarado, Beatriz Rosa. "Issues of voice and agency in Andean rural young women's education an ethnographic study /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155670273.
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Bobb-Smith, Yvonne. "I know who I am, a Caribbean woman's identity in Canada, agency and resistance in community organizing." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0024/NQ45809.pdf.
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Carter, Frances Hannah. "Magic toyshops : narrative and meaning in the women's sex shop." Thesis, Kingston University, 2014. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/28758/.
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The sex shop aimed primarily at the female consumer is a phenomenon which forms part of our everyday understanding of the sexualisatian of culture or the mainstreaming of sexual representation and consumption. The women's sex shop privileges notions of female empowerment achieved through the consumption of goods and spaces dedicated to the pursuit of female erotic pleasure. Prioritising women's interpretations of the visual presence of the women's sex shop, this project establishes how the sex shop is re-made for its female consumers, making it both acceptable and desirable to a new audience. Primarily its aim is to interrogate the ways in which design is put to use to reflect, materialise and contribute to discourse around feminine sexuality and sexual pleasure. Utilising a feminist research methodology this thesis takes as a starting point the voices of women consumers and retailers, facilitating a new reading of the ways in which women negotiate the meanings invested in the spaces of gendered sexual consumption. In line with the testimony of participants, investigation begins by positioning the women's sex shop in relation to its progenitor, the traditional male sex shop, the model without which the women's shop could not be envisaged or designed. Secondly it investigates the ways in which the design of the women's sex shop and its goods, appropriate or resist established , normative and classed representations of female sexuality expressed in the geographical position of the shops, the interior layout, the external façade and the use of visual references. In conclusion, drawing on consumer narratives, research exposes a visual and spatial symbiosis between the 'seedy' masculine and the stylish women's sex shop. Key tensions and contradictions are unearthed in the things and spaces of the women's shop, calling into question the notions of female sexual agency and empowerment it proposes.
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Koller, Kathrin. "'The Al Nebra Bedouin and the State of Israel : a Case Study of Forced Settlement, Agency and Resistance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517212.
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Pourzand, Niloufar. "A tapestry of resistance : Afghan educated refugee women in Pakistan : 'agency', identity and education in war and displacement." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2003. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6271/.
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This study addresses how educated Afghan refugee women in Pakistan have experienced,contributed to and challenged the gendered constructions of national, ethnic and religious identities in war and displacement. In addition, this study addresses the lived experiences of educated Afghan refugee women of formal education in Afghanistan and in Pakistan, and their `agency' in utilizing education to further the cause of equity in their families and communities. This is a qualitative study using twenty in-depth and semi-structured interviews, as well as extensive participatory observation in Afghanistan and Pakistan and library-research over the period of 1996 to 2003. It is the result of immersion, as an `in-between' feminist researcher, in Afghanistan and Afghan refugee life in Pakistan since 1996, and an effort to link academic endeavor with activism and life as a development/humanitarian practitioner. This study shows the symbolic and actual role of women in the gendered constructions of dynamic and shifting identities, and their mobilization by patriarchal, political and military processes in war and displacement. It highlights the specificity of Afghanistan, as well as Pakistan, as the `near abroad'. This includes national `modernization', Sovietization and Islamization efforts and the influence of regional and global politics on Afghanistan and Afghans. The study also shows that many Afghan women, in all their diversity, have challenged not only patriarchy but also other dogmatic and undemocratic process of exclusionary politics. Their lives and efforts challenge Westocentric/orientalized stereotypes of Afghan women (and men), as well as generally those of Moslem women, women of the South and refugee women, and their constructions purely as victims. Formal education, as one of the first and most important public spaces available to girls and women, with its contradictory yet critical potential in enhancing the awareness, skills and resistance of girls and women, is further reviewed and analyzed. While addressing the above issues, this study also highlights the need to undertake further in-depth research on Afghanistan, Afghan women, Afghan refugee women and female education in Afghanistan. Such research can be used to support Afghan women and Afghan refugee women with due consideration to their heterogeneity, `agency' and struggles for wellbeing, choice and respect.
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Köller, Kathrin. "The Al-Nebra Bedouin and the state of Israel : a case study of forced settlement, agency and resistance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670002.
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Vinson, Jenna Elizabeth. "Teenage Mothers as Rhetors and Rhetoric: An Analysis of Embodied Exigence and Constrained Agency." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293424.
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This dissertation examines the rhetorical function and social implications of the "dominant narrative of teenage pregnancy"--that is, the popular depiction of young motherhood as the tragic downfall of a woman's life. I employ feminist poststructuralist and visual rhetorical critique to analyze historical and contemporary teenage pregnancy prevention materials as well as journalistic representations of young mothers. Building from this analysis, I argue that the dominant narrative pathologizes teenage mothers, prevents a focus on structures of inequality and poverty, sustains racialized gender ideologies, and encourages practices that perpetuate disparities for pregnant/mothering young women. In addition, this project explores strategies for resisting this discourse. Specifically, I review scholarship that has contested the dominant narrative and identify counter-rhetorical practices that some young mothers use in their published first-person narratives. Finally, drawing on focus groups I conducted with 27 young mothers, I illustrate that visibly young pregnant and parenting women are often publically confronted by strangers because they embody an urgent and much-debated social issue. I offer the concept of "embodied exigence" as a way to understand how discursive and material realities of the body may construct rhetorical situations and how the body may function as a site of constrained agency. Building from rhetorical theories of agency, exigence, and feminist work on the visibility of motherhood, I assert that in moments of embodied exigence, marginalized young mothers may seize the opportunity to resist dominant rhetoric and act as rhetors in their own right.
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de, Silva Kimaya. "A Journey to New Narratives: How Sri Lankan Migrant Women Challenge Perceptions through Resistance." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1561.
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This thesis draws on ethnographic research carried out with a group of returned Sri Lankan migrant women who migrated for employment to the Middle East. This retrospective ethnography, based on their time working abroad, brings forth ideas of silent resistance and hidden weapons of women from developing countries, and intends to work against dominant discourses like the human trafficking framework which deems migrant women ‘victims’ of the system of migration, largely ignoring the agency that they exercise throughout the process. The ethnography argues that resistance and resilience are better frameworks with which to characterise the experiences of migrant women. The women in this study showed that through resilience, resistance and agency, they were able to navigate through an immensely oppressive system. They used resourceful and courageous modes of resistance within constrained social situations. The thesis looks at their experiences in the three chronological stages of their migration: pre-departure, life in the host country, and the return to Sri Lanka.
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Rantakari, A. (Anniina). "Strategy as ‘dispositive’:essays on productive power and resistance in strategy-making." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2016. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526213989.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine how power produces organizational strategy-making. In particular, I follow the theorizations of Michel Foucault and conceptualize power as productive and relational. In my theorization, I adopt the concept of dispositive for a two-fold reason. First, the concept of dispositive enables me to build and integrative theorization for strategy process and practice research that consists of three elements of analysis: power, discourse and subjectivity. Second, dispositive analysis allows me to examine how this framework can be seen as relational and in the continuous state of emerging. With my thesis I add to poststructural strategy process and practice literature by examining strategy as an organizational dispositive. In my view I define dispositive as an artificial rationality through which relations between power, discourse and subject are intensified into material and social practices. This conceptualization enables me to re-evaluate three underlying assumptions of strategy research: Strategy as rational and intentional planning, defining of a strategist through practices of planning and implementing strategy, and defining organizational practices as strategic practices when they are directly related to the activities of the planning or implementing official strategies. In the empirical part of the thesis I draw in a case study from a Finnish call center. My empirical analysis shows how participation in strategy-making unfolds through power relations, namely practices of organizational control and individual self-actualization. This enables strategy scholars to better understand how strategy realizes through relations of power. The theoretical framework and the empirical analysis combined enables me to examine three key processes identified in recent strategy process and practice research from a different angle. First, my theorization shows how intensified strategy implementation and striving for coherence can lead to increased conflict and polarization of strategic practices. Second, I show strategy as a future-oriented planning can lead to reproduction of past. Third, I show that resistance can be seen as productive in strategy-making, which leads to also that agency in strategy-making can be defined through practices of resistingTiivistelmä Tämän väitöskirjan tarkoituksena on tutkia, kuinka valta tuottaa strategiatyötä organisaatioissa. Tutkimuksessani nojaudun Michel Foucault’n teoriaan vallasta tuottavana ja relationaalisena voimana. Tutkimukseni linssinä käytän Foucault’n dispositiivin käsitettä kahdesta syystä. Ensiksi, dispositiivin käsite mahdollistaa strategiaprosessi –ja käytäntötutkimuksen teoretisoinnin tavalla, joka yhdistää kolmen analyysielementin tarkastelun samanaikaisesti. Nämä analyysielementit ovat: valta, diskurssi ja subjektifikaatio. Toiseksi, dispositiivi mahdollistaa näiden kolmen elementin välisten suhteiden tarkastelun relationaalisesti ja prosessuaaliseesti. Tutkimukseni kontribuoi strategia prosessi- ja käytäntötutkimukseen tarkastelemalla strategiaa organisationaalisena dispositiivina. Määrittelen dispositiivin keinotekoiseksi rationaliteetiksi, jonka kautta vallan, diskurssin ja subjektiviteettien väliset suhteet tiivistyvät materiaalisiksi ja sosiaalisiksi käytännöiksi. Tämän kautta voin tarkastella kolmea keskeistä strategiatutkimukseen liittyvää ennakko-oletusta, joita ovat: strategia rationaalisena ja intentionaalisena suunnitteluna, strategin määrittelemistä strategian suunnittelu- ja implementointityöhon osallistumisen kautta, ja strategisen käytännön määrittelemistä ainoastaan strategian suunnittelemisen tai implementoinnin näkökulmasta. Tutkimuksen empirisessä osassa, joka on tapaustutkimus suomalaisesta puhelinpalvelukeskusta, osoitan kuinka osallistuminen strategiatyöhön tapahtuu valtasuhteessa organisationaalisen kontrollin ja yksilön itsensätoteuttamisen välillä. Tutkimuksen empiirinen osa lisää ymmärrystä kuinka strategiat realisoituvat valtasuhteiden kautta. Teoreettisen viitekehyksen ja empiirisen analyysin yhdistäminen mahdollistaa kolmen strategiatutkimukselle keskeisen prosessin tarkastelun uudesta näkökulmasta. Ensiksi, kuinka tehostettu strategian implementointi ja koherenssin tavoittelu voi johtaa konflikteihin ja strategiakäytäntöjen polarisoitumiseen, Toiseksi, kuinka strategian tulevaisuusorientoitunut suunnittelu voi johtaa menneisyyden käytäntöjen uudelleentuottamiseen. Kolmanneksi, kuinka resistanssi voidaan nahdä voimana, joka sekä tuottaa strategiatyötä että mahdollistaa strategin määrittelyn resistanssikäytäntöjen kautta
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Aldrich, Debora Lynn Hill. "Heteroglossia and persuasive discourses for student writers and teachers: Intersections between out-of-school writing and the teaching of English." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5405.
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Research studies have investigated issues in the teaching of writing, particularly at the elementary and university levels. Studies of out-of-school writing done by adolescents have focused on digital contexts and social media. This study examines the intersections of the out-of-school and in-school writing worlds of three high school writers: a poet, a novelist, and a contest essay writer. I use data gathered over seven years from the student writers and four of their English language arts teachers. Research questions focused on how notions of student writers and the teaching of high school English might be informed by the ways student writers described their out-of-class writing and motivation for writing, how their teachers developed and implemented their philosophies and practices in teaching writing, and how the student writers developed their internally persuasive discourses about writing. In analyzing case study data to answer these questions, I used constant comparison analysis and narrative inquiry analysis, drawing upon theories of heteroglossic discourses, figured worlds, and writing identity. My findings show that in the intersections of out-of-school and in-school writing experiences, students select some writing practices and discourses from their teachers to adopt or adapt, such as developing writing processes, participating in writing communities, and caring about writing. They complicate their definitions of writing, however, as they create figured worlds of writing in which they explore identity, navigate and negotiate complex emotions, and receive recognition. The students illustrate their dialogism with writing discourses in stories of improvisation in which they find power and enact resistance. I argue that writing teachers need encouragement, education, and agency to entertain more complex perceptions of student writers and teaching writing to support students for future personal, academic, career, and public discourse worlds.
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Demiri, Lirika. "Stories of Everyday Resistance, Counter-memory, and Regional Solidarity: Oral Histories of Women Activists in Kosova." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524073114946126.
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Watts, Robert (Daud). "Rethinking Our Outlines/ Redrawing Our Maps: Representing African Agency in the Antebellum South 1783-1829." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/212646.
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African American StudiesPh.D.
Rethinking Our Outlines/ Redrawing Our Maps: Representing African Agency in the Antebellum South 1783-1829 The lenses through which our common perceptions of African/Black agency in the antebellum period are viewed, synthetic textbooks and maps, rarely reveal the tremendous number of liberating acts that characterized the movements of Black people in the South from 1783 to 1829. During the American Revolution, 80,000 to 100,000 such enslaved Africans threw off their yokes and escaped their bondage. Subsequently, large numbers embarked on British ships as part of the Loyalist exodus from the United States, while others fled to the deep South, to Native lands, to the North, or held their ground right where they were, attempting, as maroons, to establish themselves and survive as free persons. While recent historical scholarship has identified many of the primary sources and themes that characterize such massive levels of proactivity, few have tried to present them as a synthetic whole. This applies to maps used to illustrate the African American history of those regions and times as well. Illustrating these movements defines the scope of this scholarly work entitled Rethinking Our Outlines/ Redrawing Our Maps: Representing African Agency in the Antebellum South 1783-1829. This work also critically looks at several contemporary maps of this period published in authoritative atlases or textbooks and subsequently creates three original maps to represent the proactive movements and relationships of Africans during this period.
Temple University--Theses
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Kappler, Stefanie. "'Mysterious in content' : the European Union peacebuilding framework and local spaces of agency in Bosnia-Herzegovina." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2536.
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This thesis aims to investigate EU peacebuilding in Bosnia-Herzegovina, focusing on the ways in which EU actors engage with local cultural actors and vice versa. Given that, in the liberal peacebuilding tradition, civil society has been considered a key actor in the public sphere, peacebuilding actors have tended to neglect seemingly more marginal actors and their subtle ways of impacting on the peacebuilding process. However, this thesis contends that processes of interaction are not always direct and visible, but centre on discourse clusters, which I frame as imaginary ‘spaces of agency’. Through the creation of meanings within a space of agency and its translation into other imaginary spaces, actors develop the power to impact upon the peacebuilding process, often in coded ways and therefore invisible in the public sphere, as peacebuilding actors, including the EU, have created it. A typology of the modes of interaction and possible responses between spaces helps understand the complexities and nuances of peacebuilding interaction. The thesis uses this framework to analyse several exemplary spaces of agency of the EU, rooting them in institutional discourses with specific reference to Bosnia-Herzegovina. Based on this, I investigate a number of responses to those spaces on the part of local cultural actors, as well as how the latter contribute to the emergence of alternative localised spaces, where the EU’s spaces fail to connect to the everyday dimensions of peace. I suggest that this represents a way in which local actors try to claim the ownership of peacebuilding back in subtle ways. This also points to the ability of actors that have traditionally been excluded from the peacebuilding project to contextualise abstract and distant processes into what matters locally, as well as their capacity to reject and resist when the EU’s spaces remain irrelevant for local peacebuilding imaginations.
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Phakathi, T. T. "Worker responses to work reorganisation in a deep-level gold mining workplace : perspectives from the rock-face." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dac919be-8499-42b0-b560-8f4ea0dcdd50.
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In the early 1990s, South Africa’s re-entry into the competitive global marketplace and the first non-racial elections brought significant changes to an industry previously plagued by the racialisation of the labour process. South Africa’s post-apartheid work order led to the restructuring of the gold mining workplace, with a greatly increased emphasis on efficiency, productivity and equity. This period saw a number of gold mines reorganising work through new forms of working practices aimed at creating new kinds of workers who could identify with the goals of the company by expending rather than withdrawing effort at the point of production. There was a shift in the attitude of worker responses to managerial practices, from coercion to consent in the day-to-day running of the production process. This thesis examines worker responses to the reorganisation of work and their impact on worker and workplace productivity in a deep-level gold mine. At the core of this thesis are the perceptions, views, experiences and reactions displayed by underground work teams to management initiatives. The thesis highlights the significance of worker agency in managerially defined work structures – the capacity of underground gold miners to reshape and adapt management strategies in ways that make sense and enable them to maintain control over production and the effort-bargain. The findings presented in this thesis, particularly the gold miners’ informal or coping strategy of making a plan (planisa), reveal that underground work teams are not merely passive or docile reactors to management initiatives. They find opportunity to manipulate (and where necessary, avoid) new forms of management control in a variety of innovative ways that enable them to reassert their power and autonomy over their working day. Underground gold miners are not simply appendages to nor alienated beings in the production process but are able to take control of the production process, independent of management prescriptions, in ways which may embody resistance, consent or a subtle combination of the two. The thesis calls attention to workers’ subjective orientation, agency and resilience to new work structures – not just as recipients but also as shapers of such new work structures within the politics, limits and contradictions of capitalist production systems.
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Kyriakides, Yvonne. "Art after Auschwitz : dimensions of ethics and agency in responses to genocide in post World War II art practice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9eb26a2a-13ed-42d6-80f1-e353c35c9d7f.
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Rather than being located in a field of art that addresses genocide through assumptions connected with identity issues or activism, this thesis of an artist’s exploration of artistic response to genocide in post World War II art practice, is informed by the emerging field of genocide scholarship. Seeing a parallelism between the concerns of genocide scholars and artists who respond to genocide, this thesis is an interdisciplinary study of art positioned alongside the field of genocide scholarship, as theorised by scholars such as Donald Bloxham and A. Dirk Moses. In addressing genocide through broader historical trends, periods and structures, it assumes that artists who respond to genocide share with genocide scholars a concern about genocide at a secondary level and share the potential to create illumination in the field. This thesis explores art practices that address genocide conceptually through structure and material. The central claim of this thesis is that recent and contemporary art practices, here discussed, show a concern to respond to genocide as an ethical response, and that they do so by engaging with the complexity of abstract issues such as complicity and agency. The initial analysis of Adorno’s discourse on ethics, as it relates to response in art, sets up a level of complexity for two further investigations that interrogate the discourses of victim representation and lens-based documents of genocide through ethics and agency. Together these provide an analytical framework for the project. Close readings informed by genocide scholarship, of art practices including those of Jimmie Durham and Francis Alÿs, take forward notions in the existing critical field. These readings yield not only the evidence that demonstrates a commitment to creating ethically based art through conceptually informed practice, in artists responding to genocide, but also the value of a cultural critique that is informed by genocide scholarship.
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Lamond, Catherine. "Young people leaving care : plans, challenges and discourses." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621224.
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This small-scale study explored plans for four young people leaving care and the perspectives of twelve key adults supporting them. Using Fairclough’s model of critical discourse analysis, the rationale for this research was concern about the difference in outcomes between care leavers and young people in general. Aims were to explore if contradictions in plans and ideas contributed to problems for the young people, and to examine explanations and justifications made by the adult participants. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews from an opportunistic sample. Findings indicated that the established problem of young people having to leave care too early persists in spite of initiatives to prevent this happening. Theories drawn from the psychology of child development influence the professionals’ constructions of the young people, thereby limiting the responses which adults can offer. It is proposed that neoliberal discourses of individual responsibility and continuous self-improvement constrain systems which encourage young people to leave care before they are ready. Two concepts of chop (abrupt change, such as end of school phase) and churn (disruption, such as staff turnover) are used to examine how frequent disturbance in the life of a looked after child is exacerbated by points of rupture which are caused by the structures of children’s services. This study adds to calls for increased stability for young people, and recommends earlier planning for the future of young people in care. Implications for educational practice are presented, including the need to ensure that leaving mainstream education for segregated provision is not an irreversible decision. It is suggested that educators should consider critically the labelling of looked after children as having Special Educational Needs, as this can lead to practices which encourage compliance by young people, and pathologise resistance which could instead be re-framed as self-reliance.
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Faridpour, Arezoo, and Una Gutlic. "Att leda genom motstånd till förändring : En kvalitativ studie om ledarskap på Försäkringskassan." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-15969.
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Genom alla år har Försäkringskassan funnits till för människans sociala trygghet. Tanken är att det ska finnas hjälp när det behövs, såsom vid sjukdom och funktionsnedsättning, bidrag till barn etc. Det vill säga att människor fortfarande ska få chansen till trygghet trots att livet väljer att ta en ny vändning. Dock har Försäkringskassan fått mycket kritik mot sig och blivit ifrågasatt många gånger kring ledningens arbete. Vårt syfte med denna kvalitativa studie var att få en större inblick om ledarskapet på Försäkringskassan samt hur den påverkas genom förändring och motstånd. Därmed valde vi att intervjua sex enhetschefer som arbetar på Försäkringskassan, där de fick chansen att yttra sig frivilligt genom en semistrukturerad intervju. Vi ansåg att denna metod var den mest effektiva för att kunna förstå innebörden av ledarskapet under förändringar och motstånd. Med hjälp av vår teori kunde vi genom vår analys komma fram till att enhetscheferna uppfattar sitt ledarskap som transformativt. Vår analys har gett oss svar på att alla enhetschefer på Försäkringskassan uppfattar sig själva som transformativa ledare. Vi har även kommit fram till att deras ledarskapsstil spelar en stor roll i hur de bekämpar motstånd som uppkommer genom förändringar inom organisationer. Det vill säga hur de har valt att hantera förändringarna och motstånden i organisationen. Resultatet försäkrade oss om att enhetschefer hade mycket gemensamt gällande sitt ledarskap. Respondenterna använde sig utav samma begrepp såsom kommunikation, lyhördhet och tillgänglighet för att leda genom motstånd vid förändring.The Swedish Social Insurance Agency (Försäkringskassan) has through the years aimed to support the social security system. The idea is that there should be assistance when needed, such as providing financial security in the event of illness, disability and for families with children. The vision behind this is a society where people can get a chance to feel secure even when life takes an unexpected turn. However, the Social Insurance Agency has received a lot of criticism about their management and their work has been questioned many times. Our aim with this qualitative study is to obtain a greater insight into the leadership of the Swedish Social Insurance Agency and how it is affected by change and resistance. Thus, we chose to interview six head of unit managers who work at the Swedish Social Insurance Agency where they were given the opportunity to speak freely through a semi-structured interview. We felt that this method was the most effective one in order to understand the meaning of leadership during changes and resistance. With the help of our theory, through our analysis, we could find that the managers perceive their leadership as transformative and that they perceive themselves as transformative leaders. We also came to the conclusion that their leadership style plays a major role in how they combat resistance that arises through changes within organizations. That is, how they have chosen to handle the changes and the oppositions in the organization. The result assured us that that unit managers have a lot in common regarding their leadership. The respondents used the same concepts such as communication, responsiveness and accessibility/availability to lead through resistance during change.
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Fleeman, Renee. "Discovering Antibacterial and Anti-Resistance Agents Targeting Multi-Drug Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6839.
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Antibiotic resistance has been a developing problem for mankind in recent decades and multi-drug resistant bacteria are now encountered that are resistant to all treatment options available. In 2014, the World Health Organization announced that this problem is driving us towards a “post-antibiotic era” that will change the face of modern medicine as we know it. If lack of novel antibiotic development and FDA approval continues, by the year 2050, 10 million people will die each year to an antimicrobial resistant bacterial infection. With lack of pharmaceutical industry involvement in developing novel antibiotics, the responsibility now lies within the academic institutions to identify potential novel therapeutics to fuel the antibiotic drug discovery pipeline. Combinatorial chemistry is one technique used to expedite the discovery process by assessing a large chemical space in a relatively short time when compared to traditional screening approaches. Combinatorial libraries can be screened using multiple approaches and has shown successful application towards many disease states. We initially discovered broad spectrum antibacterial bis-cyclic guanidines using combinatorial libraries and expanded on the knowledge of the physiochemical attributes necessary to inhibit Gram negative bacterial pathogens. Following this success, we continued to assess the combinatorial libraries for adjunctive therapeutics that potentiate the activity of obsolete clinical antibiotics. The polyamine efflux pump inhibitors discovered in this subsequent study prove the benefits of using the large chemical space provided in the combinatorial libraries to identify a variety of therapeutics. Our studies always begin with identifying an active compound and active compounds undergo hit-to-lead optimization. This optimization studies are of utmost importance in developing a novel antibacterial agent for therapeutic applications. Our medicinal chemistry work described here is proof of the success of careful structure activity analyses to optimize a hit scaffold to create a more effective antibacterial agent. Overall, our work described here reveals the potential role of academic institutions in fending off the impending “post-antibiotic era”.
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Maugendre, Maëlle. "Les réfugiées espagnoles en France (1939 - 1942) : des femmes entre assujettissements et résistances." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961467.
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Cette thèse se donne comme objectif de rendre visibles les femmes espagnoles réfugiées en France de 1939 à 1942. Il s'agit de proposer une narration au féminin de l'exode sur le sol français de ces femmes restées dans l'ombre de leurs compagnons, pour les faire advenir sur la scène historique. Prises en charge par l'administration française, elles sont tributaires d'images sociales stéréotypées qui influencent les pratiques des autorités à leur égard. Assignées dans des catégories administratives qui évoluent selon les politiques menées à l'encontre des étrangers sur le sol français, les femmes espagnoles réfugiées se voient imposer des cadres de vie à respecter et des comportements à adopter. Sous tutelle administrative, aux prises avec des rapports de pouvoir qui se révèlent genrés, elles séjournent dans des centres d'hébergement, et pour certaines dans des camps d'internement. Le rapatriement en Espagne, l'émigration outre-Atlantique, le regroupement familial ou bien l'emploi conditionnent leur sortie de ces espaces coercitifs. Face aux multiples dispositifs d'assujettissements étatiques, les femmes espagnoles réfugiées se positionnent en résistance, et expérimentent des registres d'actions variés qui leur permettent de prendre conscience de leur " puissance d'agir ". Ce faisant, elles façonnent, en situation d'exil, des identités individuelles et collectives originales et résolument politiques.
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Nurchayati, Nurchayati. "Foreign Exchange Heroes or Family Builders? The Life Histories of Three Indonesian Women Migrant Workers." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1289411593.
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de, Graaf Kaitlyn. "Disciplining Women/Disciplining Bodies: Exploring how Women Negotiate Health and Bodily Aesthetic in the Carceral Context." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26231.
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Traditionally, much criminological research has focused on male complexities of confinement, sidelining the experiences of federally and especially provincially incarcerated women in Canada. This thesis seeks to capture some of the experiences and challenges faced by incarcerated women as they attempt to negotiate agency and maintain choice and control over their health and bodies while inside correctional institutions. In order to do so, this study draws from Foucaultian-inspired concepts of discipline, governance, regulation, power, and resistance as a means to theoretically analyze the daily, often strategic, actions of women prisoners.
This research is qualitative, and emerges from the data secured through in depth interviews with twelve previously incarcerated women, who were asked to speak of their experiences inside Canadian prisons with respect to issues of choice and control over hygiene, diet, exercise, and access to over-the-counter medication. The data were coded and organized into three substantial themes: opportunity for choice or learned dependence, the ‘layering’ of punishment, and creating space for agency.
The analysis revealed that incarcerated women attempt to manage and maintain control over their health but meet ongoing punitive carceral responses when making decisions about their bodies that conflict with institutional mandates, discourses, or goals. Without the opportunity to perform culturally accepted norms of health and femininity, women in prison fail to achieve a positive or ‘good’ womanly status, which comes to impact their self-worth, self-esteem, and identity. These findings create direct implications for Corrections, as they inevitably produce docile and institutionally dependent women rather than responsible and productive citizens, the stated rehabilitational goal of correctional services.
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Jönsson, Videsäter Kerstin. "Expression of multidrug resistance genes and proteins and effect of selenite in anthracycline-resistant human tumor cell lines /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-889-0/.
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Matsdotter, Henriksson Moa. "Papperslöst motstånd : Om strategier och praktiker i post-välfärdens marginaler." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Gender, Culture and History, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2197.
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The post-modern western city is going through two central changes in the organization of paid labour. One is the switch from production of goods to production of services, and the other is the increasing rift between well-paid labour with permanent jobs, and temporarily employed workers with low wages. Both of these processes are rasified and gendered, and strike harder against women, young persons and people of emigrant background. The flexible capitalism creates an informalization of the economy, breaking with earlier regulations of the labour markets, in which workers also need to find informal strategies in their individual and collective struggles. In this paper, I search for these “new” experiences of living and working in late capitalist society, by doing open interviews with three women of Latin-American origin, working without official permission (without documents) in the informal economy of Stockholm. Analyzing their narratives, I look for the agency and resistance that, according to my theoretical perspective, is part of everyday life of all suppressed subjects. I come to the conclusion that irregular systems of recruitment and other forms of interdependency could be useful for other groups of precarious workers. The interviewed women also use strategies such as fantasizing about a reversed world or focusing their thoughts on the future, and deceiving or avoiding the power(full), to cope with their everyday work situations and the contradictory class mobility they experienced in the migration. However, these strategies often reproduce an acceptance of power more than a resistance to it, and show us how the capitalism works as an hegemonic ideology incorporated in us all.
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Price, Claire Emile. "Resistance to antimicrobial agents in bifidobacteria." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4323.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-106).For bifidobacteria to survive and achieve colonisation, they have to interact with inhibitory host-produced substances such as bile salts. Another aspect which should be studied is the safety of the probiotic bacterium and risks of acquisition of genes for resistance to antimicrobial agents. Although bifidobacteria exhibit resistance to a wide range of antibiotics, little is known about the molecular basis for this resistance. The aim of this project was, therefore, to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the resistance to antibiotics and bile salts observed in bifidobacteria, and more specifically, to determine whether efflux systems are involved in this resistance. Five Bifidobacterium spp. were exposed to a range of antimicrobial agents. These included ethidium bromide, the bile salt sodium glycocholate, and a range of antibiotics.
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Picard, E. Kezia. "A radical relational agency : Foucault, complexity theory and environmental resistances." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11450/.
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The aim of this thesis is to examine a radical relational agency, applied to contemporary environmental resistances, that incorporates both the thought of Michel Foucault and complexity theory. While Foucault’s thought, following from his argument that power is a relation, implies a relational agency, it does not, however, account for the agency of nonhumans and environments. Because power is a relation and not a possession, it can no longer be viewed as an attribute of individual subjects. Similarly, a relational agency is defined as an aspect of power relations. Complexity theory, on the other hand, acknowledges that humans interact with nonhumans and environments, but does not acknowledge that all relations are relations of power. In addition to Foucault’s explanation of power relations, complexity theory explicitly describes the processes of self-organization through which individual and diverse agents interact and change can emerge. Thus, a radical relational agency is defined as an aspect of the power relationships between many diverse agents. Change, according to both Foucault and complexity theory, happens nonlinearly. As a result, it often occurs unpredictably. However, change within complex systems is also limited by previous historical emergences. In this sense, both possibility and risk are inherent in the relationships between humans, nonhumans and environments. Indeed, I argue that a radical relational agency occurs because there are both possibilities and risks generated within ecological relations and relations of power. Therefore, I argue that any environmental action must account for the unpredictability inherent to the complex interactions between humans, nonhumans and environments.
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Coldman, Andrew James. "The development of resistance to anticancer agents." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26975.
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The mechanism of resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents is explored using probabilistic methods where it is assumed that resistant cells arise spontaneously with a defined frequency. The resistance process is embedded in a discrete time Markov branching process which models the growth of the tumor and contains three seperate cell types: stem, transitional and end cells. Using the asymptotic properties of such models it is shown that the proportion of each type of cell converge to constants almost surely. It is shown that the parameters relating to stem cell behaviour determine the asymptotic behaviour of the system. It is argued that for biologically likely parameter values, cure of the tumor will occur if, and only if, all stem cells are eliminated.
A model is developed for the acquisition of resistance by stem cells to a single drug. Probability generating functions are derived which describe the behaviour of the process after an arbitrary sequence of drug treatments. The probability of cure, defined as the probability of ultimate extinction of the stem cell compartment, is characterised as the central quantity reflecting the success of therapeutic intervention. Expressions for this function are derived for a number of experimental situations. The effects of variation in the parameter values are examined.
The model is extended to the case where two anticancer drugs are available and formulae for the probability of cure are developed. The problem of therapeutic scheduling is examined and under situations where drugs are of "equal" effectiveness, but may not be given together, it is shown that the mean number of tumor cells is minimised by sequential alternation of the drugs.
The models are applied to data collected on the L1210 leukemia treated by the drugs Cyclophosphamide and Arabinosylcytosine. In both cases the analysis of the data provide evidence that resistant cells arise spontaneously with a frequency of approximately 10⁻⁷ per division. When applied to human breast cancer, the model indicates that neoadjuvant
therapy is unlikely to greatly influence the likelihood that the patient will die from the growth of drug-resistant cells.Science, Faculty of
Statistics, Department of
Graduate
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Boyes, Alison. "Neo-Liberal Governance through Toronto Press Discourse on Youth Misconduct." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19896.
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This research considers the place of media in society by means of a Foucaudian genealogy of welfare and neo-liberal discourse surrounding youth misconduct in two Toronto newspapers. It was found that the overall “mode of talking” about youth misconduct has shifted from welfare to neo-liberal discourse, and that resistance or critical thought surrounding current neo-liberal discourse emerges in The Globe and Mail. I explore the role of newspapers in the process of governance by analyzing these discourses in terms of Foucault’s three rationalities for “the art of government” and also by analyzing the knowledge produced or titillated and the power outcomes or effects of these discourses. It is argued that newspapers can benefit governance by reflecting, validating and perhaps even rendering current neo-liberal governmentalities more efficient, by encouraging non-government groups to assist in the management of youth misconduct.
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Chung, Whasun Oh. "Macrolide resistance and its linkage to tetracycline resistance /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9279.
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Purewal, Amarjit S. "Bacterial genetic determinants specifying resistance to cationic antimicrobial agents." Thesis, University of Hull, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253168.
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O'Neill, Ciaran Francis. "Cellular mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to platinum agents." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324883.
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Bendall, J. B. "Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents in geriatric medical wards." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381441.
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Joseph-Horne, Tim. "Mechanisms of antifungal resistance in pathogenic fungi." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387760.
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Min, Junxia. "Sphingolipid metabolic enzymes modulate anticancer drug resistance." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5899.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (March 5, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Giske, Christian G. "Carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-080-0/.
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Frampton, Helen Kathleen. "Studies of resistance to Beta-lactam antibiotics in Bacillus licheniformis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328977.
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Ismaeel, N. A.-A. "Resistance of Providencia stuartii to chlorhexidine and other antibacterial agents." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376556.
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O'Brate, Grupp Aurora Marie. "Anti-Microtube Agents: Mechanismes of Action and Resistance / Agents anti-microtubulars: mecanismes d'acció i resistència." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/686.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this thesis has been four-fold. On one hand it has been to decipher, understand and manipulate the role of microtubule-trafficking in the cell. Secondly we have concentrated on the mechanism of action of agents that target the microtubules, and thirdly we have developed a model to explain acquired drug resistance to these microtubule-targeting agents. Lastly, we tested new microtubule-targeting agents that overcome acquired and intrinsic drug resistance to microtubule-targeting agents. Microtubules (microtubules) are major dynamic structural components in cells that are essential for the development and maintenance of cell shape, cell signaling, movement, and division. We sought to understand the role microtubules play within the cellular context. Microtubules act as "active highways" within the cells and are essential for the correct operation of the cell by controlling the delivery, location, and function of a plethora of proteins. We have focused on the p53 and the HIF1-α proteins. Both these proteins are crucial players in tumor progression and angiogenesis. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene commonly referred to as the guardian of the genome and HIF1-α is a transcriptional factor that plays a key role in adaptation to hypoxia. Upon DNA damage or hypoxia, p53 or HIF1-α respectively are induced and quickly localize to the cell nucleus; whereas upon DNA repair or normoxia they must quickly concentrate in the cytoplasm for degradation. Their fast movement rate is not random and is directed by a microtubule-driven motor. Furthermore, we have shown that HIF1-α mRNA also uses the microtubule network to travel from the nucleus to the site of translation.
Drugs that bind to either tubulin or microtubules form one of the most effective classes of anticancer agents. The so-called anti-mitotic drugs usually arrest cells in mitosis leading to apoptosis. We analyzed the differential effects of taxol treatment on parental and taxol-resistant cells. Survivin is a protein that senses mitotic arrest and leading to apoptotic cell death. Despite the clinical success of microtubule-targeting agents, the emergence of acquired resistance to the drug is a limiting factor for curing cancer. Acquired drug resistance is the most common reason for the failure of drug treatment in cancer patients with initially sensitive tumors, and as such, is presently responsible for the majority of deaths from cancer. We sought to understand the timeline of events that takes place during the development of drug resistance to microtubule-targeting agents. While it has been widely published that a major mechanism of resistance to anti-mitotic drugs is due to acquired β-tubulin mutations, we have shown loss of heterozygosity of the wild type allele of β-tubulin must occur to confer higher levels of resistance. To overcome drug resistance to microtubule-targeting agents we have focused on alternate drug regimens that are active in anti-mitotic drug-resistant cells. The synergistic interaction of farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTI) and taxol has recently been introduced in the clinic and surprisingly overcomes taxol resistance. We have shown that FTIs increase the binding of taxol to β-tubulin tubulin, even in taxol-resistant cells. In an effort to dissect the molecular mechanism underlying the synergistic interaction of FTIs with taxanes, we have recently discovered that FTIs affect microtubule acetylation and stability, partly due to inhibition of the tubulin deacetylase HDAC6. The inhibition of HDAC6 by the FTI lonafarnib leads to increased tubulin acetylation and that this is the molecular basis for the synergy of FTIs with Taxol.
La tesis titulada "Anti-microtubule drugs: Mechanisms of Action and Resistance.
Agents anti-microtubulars: Mecanismes d'Acció i Resistència" tiene cuatro objetivos principales. El primer objetivo ha sido descifrar, entender y manipular el papel del tráfico microtubular. El segundo objetivo se ha centrado en el mecanismo de acción de los agentes que tienen como diana los microtúbulos. En el tercer objetivo se ha desarrollado un modelo para explicar la quimioresistencia adquirida a estos agentes anti-microtubulares. En el cuarto y ultimo objetivo se han probado nuevos agentes anti-microtubulares que son activos en casos de quimioresistencia adquirida o endógena a agentes anti-microtubulares.
Los microtúbulos, componentes dinámicos y estructurales de las células, son esenciales para el desarrollo y mantenimiento de la forma celular, el movimiento y división celulares. Se ha intentado entender el papel que juegan los microtúbulos en el contexto celular. Los microtúbulos actúan como "autopistas activas" dentro de las células y son esenciales para la correcta operación celular ya que controlan la entrega, localización y función de una multitud de proteínas. El primer objetivo de la tesis se ha centrado en las proteínas p53 y HIF1-α. Estas dos proteínas son principales protagonistas en la progresión tumoral y la angiogenesis. La p53 es un gen supresor de tumor comúnmente llamado el guardián del genoma y el HIF1-α es un factor de trascripción que tiene un papel crucial en la adaptación celular a la hipoxia (la baja concentración de oxigeno). En los casos de el daño al ADN o hipoxia, la p53 o el HIF1-α, respectivamente, son inducidos y se translocan rápidamente al núcleo celular, mientras que cuando el ADN ha sido reparado o el regreso al estado de normoxia, las proteínas se deben concentrar en el citoplasma para su degradación por el proteosoma. El rápido movimiento de estas proteínas no es aleatorio y esta dirigido por un motor microtubular. Además, se ha demostrado que el ARN mensajero del HIF1-α también usa la red de microtúbulos para llegar del núcleo al sitio de translación a proteína.
Las drogas que se unen a la tubulina forman parte de una de las clases más efectivas de agentes anticáncer. Estas drogas comúnmente referidas como antimitóticas arrestan las células en mitosis conllevando a la apoptosis celular. Se han analizados los diferentes efectos del tratamiento del taxol en líneas celulares sensibles al taxol y en líneas celulares resistentes al taxol derivadas de las líneas sensibles. La survivina es una proteína clave en el pase del arresto mitótico en la célula a la muerte por apoptosis. A pesar del éxito clínico de las drogas antimicrotubulares, un factor que limita su aplicación universal es la apariencia de focos resistentes. La quimioresistencia adquirida es la razón más común del fracaso de la quimioterapia en pacientes con cáncer que inicialmente responden al tratamiento. En el tercer objetivo de la tesis se ha descrito un modelo temporal para explicar el desarrollo de la quimioresistencia en líneas celulares tratadas continuamente con drogas antimicrotubulares. Aunque se ha publicado extensamente que el principal mecanismo de quimioresistencia a los agentes antimicrotubulares es debido a la apariencia de mutaciones en el gen de la beta-tubulina, en este objetivo se ha demostrado que es necesario que también haya perdida de heterocigosidad en el alelo wt para que las células tengan unos altos niveles de resistencia. En el cuarto objetivo se han estudiado nuevos regimenes de quimioterapia que son activos en las células resistentes. La interacción sinergística entre los inhibidores de la farnesiltransferasa (FTI) y los taxanos se introdujo recientemente en la clínica y es muy activa contra la resistencia al taxol. Se ha demostrado que los FTIs intensifican la unión del taxol a la beta-tubulina, incluso en células resistentes al taxol. Los FTIs afectan la acetilación microtubular, a través de la inhibición de la HDAC6, la tubulina deacetilasa. La mayor acetilación de la tubulina, conlleva a una tubulina más estable y más propensa a la unión del taxol.