Journal articles: 'Resistance gel'

1

邢, 晓亮. "Study on Freezing Resistance of Alginate Gel." Hans Journal of Food and Nutrition Science 10, no. 02 (2021): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hjfns.2021.102012.

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Fedotov, G. N., Yu D. Tret’yakov, G. V. Dobrovol’skii, V. I. Putlyaev, E. I. Pakhomov, A. A. Fan’kovskaya, and T. N. Pochatkova. "Water resistance of soil aggregates and gel structures." Doklady Chemistry 411, no. 1 (November 2006): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0012500806110061.

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KUDO, Sho, Shin ARUGA, and Satoshi OGATA. "0612 Frictional resistance of the hydrophilic gel wall." Proceedings of the Fluids engineering conference 2015 (2015): _0612–1_—_0612–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmefed.2015._0612-1_.

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Zhou, Qi, Xuan Xiao, Da Li Zhao, and En Jun Song. "Alumina Sol-Gel Films and Alodine Films on Al 2024 Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.364.

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Development of the sol-gel films for painting pretreatment of aluminium alloy is to replace bichromate conversion films such as Alodine. Corrosion resistance of Alodine film and sol-gel film were evaluated through potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, salt spraying and acidic dropping solution. Sol-gel film is almost the same as Alodine film at the film surface density, salt spraying resistance and adhesion with painting coating. Changing color times of dropping solution on sol-gel film is shorter than Alodine film. But the corrosion current of sol-gel film is lower than Alodine and the impedance value is higher than Alodine in 35g/L NaCl solution. Mechanism of corrosion resistance of alumina sol-gel film is that the cathode reaction and anodic reactions are restrained by sol-gel film in the Cl- corrosive medium. The EIS of sol-gel film consisted of only a single capacitive arc with one time constant. Sol-gel coating can prevent or delay the corrosive solution from infiltrating the substrate for its better isolation function, thus protecting 2024 aluminium alloy from corrosion. Sol-gel films can improve corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy and have the same adhesion as Alodine film. It will be a promising alternative pretreatment for aluminum alloys prior to painting.

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Gao, Minlan, Wen Tian, Zhihui Ma, Sanbao Dong, Congyu Ke, Jie Zhang, and Gang Chen. "Research of a Surfactant Gel with Potential Application in Oilfield." Tenside Surfactants Detergents 58, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2020-2315.

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Abstract In this study, a viscoelastic surfactant gel was composed using erucoylamine propyl betaine and other additives. The formulation of this viscoelastic surfactant gel solution was determined as: erucamide propyl betaine:oleic acid amide propyl betaine:octadecyl hydroxyl sulfonate betaine = 1.7%:1.36%:0.01%. Then the performance of viscoelastic surfactant gel fluid was evaluated. The results showed that the viscoelastic surfactant gel has good temperature resistance and salt resistance. At 50°C, the apparent viscosity reaches the maximum value, 37 mPa · s, and it displays high shear resistance under the shear rate of 170 s–1, with the viscosity retention of 83.3%. Kerosene (1%) can completely break the gel within 2 h, which can convert the gel into a surfactant solution soon. Also the gel shows high emulsion ability, which can benefit the oil displacement in oilfield. Finally this gel can enhance the oil displacement rate as high as 28%.

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Rahayu, Resti, Intan P. Sari, Hafni Aurida, Solfiyeni Solfiyeni, Robby Jannatan, and Mairawita Mairawita. "The effectiveness of commercial gel baits against German cockroach Blattella germanica (Linnaeus, 1767) in Indonesia." Polish Journal of Entomology 90, no. 2 - Ahead of print (June 30, 2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9056.

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Gel baits product sold commercially to the public has long been used to control German cockroach populations in urban areas. The effectiveness and resistance level of gel bait products need to be known for the successful control of German cockroaches in the field. However, there have been no reports of resistance in Indonesia. This study used toxicity tests of six gel bait products (MF, CBG, SPB, OTG, BTX, and UBA) against two populations of adult male German cockroaches (VCRU-WHO and RKMN-BKT). Fipronil, boric acid and emamectin benzoate containing gel baits were effective to knock down and kill the German cockroaches. In contrast, gel bait with imidacloprid as an active ingredient was only useful to knock down the German cockroaches. Commercial gel bait product in Indonesia are still useful in controlling German cockroaches’ populations with a time of effectiveness to cause mortality between three to four weeks after being exposed in the field and the level of cockroach resistance to gel bait are susceptible until low resistance.

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HIRAI, Shinji. "Application of Sol-Gel Method. Corrosion Resistance Coatings on Metals by the Sol-Gel Process." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 50, no. 2 (1999): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.50.175.

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Bykov, G. L., V. V. Milyutin, B. G. Ershov, Yu P. Korchagin, V. M. Gelis, and A. A. Bessonov. "Radiation resistance of a composite ferrocyanide-silica gel sorbent." Radiochemistry 53, no. 2 (April 2011): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362211020135.

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Zhou, Qi, Ping Zhao, Chun Lin He, and Qing Kui Cai. "Alumina Sol-Gel Film for Pretreatment to Paint on Aluminum Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1678–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1678.

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Aluminum alloy coatings for pretreatment are developed by sol-gel method. The adhesion between sol-gel film and the paint film was measured by scratching circles and corrosion resistance of sol-gel film was tested by salt spraying experiment. The adhesion between sol-gel film made by pure alumina sol and the paint film was so poor that it is unsuitable for ground coatings, but the composite sol which ultrafine Al2O3 powder was added to pure alumina sol can improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance. If the first layer film is made of pure alumina sol and the second layer is made of composite sol, the neutral salt spraying time of double layers film is longer than the single-layer composite sol-gel film. The adhesion for both double composite film and single-layer composite sol-gel film are first-grade. When solution of potessium dichromate is dropped on double combinatorial film for 100s, the solution will change in color. The gloss of paint film on double composite sol-gel film is 0.827, flexibility is 2×10mm and impact resistance is 1kg∙50cm. It is possible that composite sol-gel film or combinatorial sol-gel film replace dichromate salt conversion film on aluminum alloy using for painting pretreatment.

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Al-Assi, Abdulwahed A., G. Paul Willhite, Don W. Green, and C. Stanley McCool. "Formation and Propagation of Gel Aggregates Using Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide and Aluminum Citrate." SPE Journal 14, no. 03 (August 26, 2009): 450–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/100049-pa.

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Summary A study of the formation of gel aggregates in systems containing partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and aluminum citrate was completed. Under certain conditions, this system forms gel aggregates, commonly referred to as colloidal dispersion gels. Systems that formed aggregates on the exit screen of a screen viscometer also developed flow resistance when displaced through slimtubes and sandpacks. A gel system containing 1000 ppm polymer and 33.3 ppm aluminum citrate was studied in 10 darcy sandpacks 2 ft and 4 ft long. In the 2-ft sandpack, the gelant showed no significant difference in the flow resistance when compared to polymer injection when 8.7 pore volumes were injected with at residence time 0.83 hours after mixing the gelant inline prior to injection. However, a high flow resistance developed after the sandpack was shut in for 31.4 hours. The development of the high flow resistance is consistent with viscosity measurements approximately 28 hours after mixing the gelant and transistion pressures measured using the screen viscometer. In the 4-ft sandpack, gelant was injected at an interstitial velocity of 5 ft/D so that the residence time was 19.2 hours, well beyond the time where substantial gel structure was identified in screen viscometer tests. A high flow resistance developed slowly across the sandpack, beginning at the inlet section, demonstrating the formation and retention of gel aggregates in the sandpack. Our experimental data demonstrate that gel aggregates can be formed by reaction of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide with aluminum citrate and propagated through sandpacks. We estimate that in-depth treatment of a 10-darcy porous matrix at interstitial velocities of 5 ft/D using this gel system is limited to approximately 12 feet because retention of gel aggregates causes the permeability to decrease leading to reduction in flowrate.

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Dong, Rong, and Jianbing Xie. "Stretchable Strain Sensor with Controllable Negative Resistance Sensitivity Coefficient Based on Patterned Carbon Nanotubes/Silicone Rubber Composites." Micromachines 12, no. 6 (June 19, 2021): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12060716.

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In this paper, stretchable strain sensors with a controllable negative resistance sensitivity coefficient are firstly proposed. In order to realize the sensor with a negative resistance sensitivity coefficient, a stretchable stress sensor with sandwich structure is designed in this paper. Carbon nanotubes are added between two layers of silica gel. When the sensor is stretched, carbon nanotubes will be squeezed at the same time, so the sensor will show a resistance sensitivity coefficient that the resistance becomes smaller after stretching. First, nanomaterials are coated on soft elastomer, then a layer of silica gel is wrapped on the outside of the nanomaterials. In this way, similar to sandwich biscuits, a stretchable strain sensor with controllable negative resistance sensitivity coefficient has been obtained. Because the carbon nanotubes are wrapped between two layers of silica gel, when the silica gel is stretched, the carbon nanotubes will be squeezed longitudinally, which increases their density and resistance. Thus, a stretchable strain sensor with negative resistance sensitivity coefficient can be realized, and the resistivity can be controlled and adjusted from 12.7 Ω·m to 403.2 Ω·m. The sensor can be used for various tensile testing such as human motion monitoring, which can effectively expand the application range of conventional tensile strain sensor.

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Hernandez, Miguel, Juan Genesca, Claudia Ramos, Emilio Bucio, José Guadalupe Bañuelos, and Alba Covelo. "Corrosion Resistance of AA2024-T3 Coated with Graphene/Sol-Gel Films." Solid State Phenomena 227 (January 2015): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.227.115.

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Graphene is a two-dimensional network of carbon atoms with optimal thermal, electronic and chemical stability properties that promise different and versatile applications in various fields including the protection of metals from corrosion phenomena. For this reason in this paper graphene was employed and studied as an agent dopand incorporated into hybrid sol-gel coatings to enhance their resistance in saline media and to improve the durability of these films. Graphene was obtained by using an electrochemical method involving oxidation and reduction reactions in a sodium lauryl sulfate solution. On the other hand, the hybrid sol-gel was synthesized from the combination of inorganic and organic precursors, zirconium (IV) n-propoxide (TPOZ) and 3-glycidoxipropiltrimetoxysilane (GLYMO) respectively. In order to obtain the coating system (graphene/sol-gel) two different procedures were applied onto clean aluminum plates: a) the electrodeposition of graphene and b) the graphene-doped sol-gel coating. Differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to characterize the results, which demonstrate an improvement of the corrosion properties of the films with the incorporation of graphene compounds.

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Guo, Bing Zhi, Yun Zhao, Hong Bo Liu, Yang Jun Huang, Tong Ying Feng, and Qing Ze Jiao. "Preparation of UV-Curable Nanocomposite Varnish with High Wear Resistance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.121.

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To enhance the interfacial interaction in silica nanoparticles filled polymer composites , nano-SiO2 gel was prepared by a sol-gel route, and then it was modified in situ through a reaction of silane coupling agent with hydroxyl on the surface of SiO2. The modified nano-SiO2 gel was added to the system of light-cured varnish to prepare UV light-cured nanocomposite varnish. The structures and properties of varnish were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and film performance test. The results showed that the modified nano-SiO2 was well dispersed in the varnish. After introduction of modified nano-SiO2, the fracture morphology of varnish film showed a corrugated shape, indicating the ductile fracture. The wear resistance of the varnish film increased by 50%, the coefficient of static friction reduced about 15%, and gloss improved to some extent.

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Laka, Marianna, Arnis Treimanis, Svetlana Chernyavskaya, Marite Skute, Linda Rozenberga, and Laura Vikele. "Micro-nanoparticle gels obtained from bark for their use alone and with chitosan and Na-CMC in paper coatings." Holzforschung 69, no. 6 (August 1, 2015): 745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0271.

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Abstract The effect of coatings on paper sheets has been studied. For this purpose gels were prepared from unextracted and extracted bark. The gels represented dispersions of micro- and nanoparticles. The coatings were also prepared from mixtures of gels with chitosan solutions in 1% acetic acid and aqueous Na-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) solutions. The properties – Gurley air resistance, water vapour sorption, and mechanical properties of paper sheets – were tested. For obtaining the gels, the bark was destructed by a thermocatalytic method and then dispersed in water in a ball mill. The gels contained mainly nanoparticles with an average size of about 300 nm. Paper sheets produced by the Ligatne Paper Mill (Latvia) were coated on both sides. Gurley air resistance increases with increasing thickness of the coatings and with increasing gel concentration. At a gel concentration of 10% and a coating thickness of 35 μm, air resistance increases by 57% (gel from unextracted bark) and 72% (gel from extracted bark) compared to uncoated paper sheets. The coatings from bark gels in combination with Na-CMC and chitosan solutions increase further the air resistance. The coatings at gel concentrations up to 6% elevate the burst strength and tensile strength in a dry state. The coatings from mixtures of bark gel and chitosan and Na-CMC heighten further the mechanical properties and elevate the water vapour sorption of paper sheets.

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Rahman, Mary, W. C. Noble, and B. Cookson. "Transmissible mupirocin resistance inStaphylococcus aureus." Epidemiology and Infection 102, no. 2 (April 1989): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800029939.

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SUMMARYThe spread of two strains ofStaphylococcus aureuswith high level resistance to mupirocin is described. The resistance proved to be easily transferred to otherS. aureusstrains by filter mating experiments and on the skin of mice. No plasmid band corresponding to the resistance could be demonstrated by agarose gel electrophoresis or by caesium chloride gradient centrifugation but cleavage of ‘chromosomal’ DNA from resistant recipients showed bright bands of DNA absent from sensitive controls.

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Lu, Haiwei, Zhenyuan Wang, Tong Peng, Jiapeng Zheng, Xiaoliang Yang, and Xiaoping Qin. "A novel method for improving recovery of heavy oil reservoirs with high water cut based on polymer gel-assisted CO2 huff and puff." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 11, no. 9 (July 17, 2021): 3533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01232-z.

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AbstractA novel enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method based on polymer gel-assisted carbon dioxide (CO2) huff and puff was developed aiming to improve the development effect of heavy oil reservoirs with high water cut. The polymer gel prepared using partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), hexamethylenetetramine, phenol, resorcinol, oxalic acid, and thiocarbamide as raw materials had a special network structure to overcome the challenge of significant heterogeneity in heavy oil reservoirs. The strength of polymer gel reached the maximum value 20,000 mPa·s within 22 h. The temperature resistance and salt resistance of polymer gel directly determined the plugging effect. The polymer gel was placed for 190 days at 85 ℃, and its apparent viscosity retention rate was 66.4%. The salt resistance experiments showed that the apparent viscosity retention rate of this polymer gel at 1.8 wt % NaCl, 0.045 wt % CaCl2, 0.045 wt % MgCl2 was 71.3%, 78.5%, 71.4%, respectively. Huff and puff experiments confirmed that this method could be used to increase the sweep volume and improve the oil displacement efficiency of heavy oil reservoirs with high water cut. Furthermore, the EOR of this method was better than that of water huff and puff, polymer gel huff and puff or CO2 huff and puff.

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Xu, Bin, Huiming Zhang, and He Bian. "Delayed Crosslinking Amphiphilic Polymer Gel System with Adjustable Gelation Time Based on Competitive Inclusion Method." Polymers 11, no. 2 (February 21, 2019): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11020381.

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Delayed crosslinking polymer gel systems are widely utilized in deep profile control processes for water production control in oilfields. In this paper, a kind of delayed crosslinking amphiphilic polymer gel system with adjustable gelation time based on competitive inclusion was prepared and its delayed crosslinking gelling properties were studied. The amphiphilic polymer of P(acrylamide (AM)–sodium acrylate (NaA)–N-dodecylacrylamide (DDAM)) was synthesized and it showed much better salt resistance, temperature resistance, and shear resistance performance compared with hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). Phenol can be controlled released from the the cavity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) ring in the presence of the hydrophobic group used as the competitive inclusion agent in the amphiphilic polymer backbone. Accordingly, the gelation time of the delayed crosslinking amphiphilic polymer gel system is closely related to release rate of the crosslinker from the the cavity of β-CD ring. This study screened an amphiphilic polymer with good salt resistance and temperature resistance performance, which can be used in high temperature and high salinity reservoirs, and provided a feasible way to control the gelation time of the polymer gel system by the competitive inclusion method.

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Gorczyca, Beata. "Membrane surface morphology and fouling in filtration of high DOC water." E3S Web of Conferences 59 (2018): 00001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185900001.

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In Canada many potable water sources contain very high concentrations of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), accompanied by a wide range of hardness. DOC reacts with chlorine used in water disinfection to form potentially carcinogenic chlorine disinfection by-products – Trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Dual membrane plants that combine microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF)or nanofiltration (NF) can remove DOC and reduce THMs concentration, but these plants are prone to serious fouling of their UF or NF membranes. The objectives of our research are to study the mechanisms of UF/NF membrane fouling. We have determined various resistances of DOW Filmtech NF90 (flat sheet coupon), based on the resistance in series model. The experiments were conducted on a bench scale cross-flow membrane filtration unit (Sterlitech), using synthetic water with DOC of 11 mg/L and calcium hardness of 350 mg/L that represents typical surface waters in Manitoba (Canada). The results suggest that gel layer on the surface of the membrane has a significant contribution to the flux decline. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) allowed for relatively inexpensive, non-destructive analysis of the surface area of the gel layer deposited on the membrane filter. The morphology of the gel layer was related to the gel layer resistance.

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19

Li, Haibin, Kaiming Liang, Lefu Mei, and Shouren Gu. "Oxidation resistance of mild steel by zirconia sol–gel coatings." Materials Science and Engineering: A 341, no. 1-2 (January 2003): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(02)00200-9.

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Vasconcelos, D. C. L., J. A. N. Carvalho, M. Mantel, and W. L. Vasconcelos. "Corrosion resistance of stainless steel coated with sol–gel silica." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 273, no. 1-3 (August 2000): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(00)00155-1.

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21

Whelan, M., J. Cassidy, and B. Duffy. "Sol–gel sealing characteristics for corrosion resistance of anodised aluminium." Surface and Coatings Technology 235 (November 2013): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.07.018.

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Prasher, R. S., and J. C. Matayabas. "Thermal Contact Resistance of Cured Gel Polymeric Thermal Interface Material." IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies 27, no. 4 (December 2004): 702–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcapt.2004.838883.

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23

Chengxin, Zhu, Cao Feng, Xiang Yang, and Peng Zhihang. "Thermal shock resistance of Al2O3/SiO2 composites by sol-gel." Ceramics International 45, no. 9 (June 2019): 11270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.02.201.

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24

Z˚UK, JANUSZ S., and MAGDALENA RUCKA. "RESISTANCE OF A GEL LAYER DURING ULTRAFILTRATION OF CASEIN SOLUTION." Chemical Engineering Communications 54, no. 1-6 (May 1987): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986448708911900.

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25

Chuah, Y. K., P. Norton, and F. Kreith. "Transient Mass Transfer in Parallel Passage Dehumidifiers With and Without Solid Side Resistance." Journal of Heat Transfer 111, no. 4 (November 1, 1989): 1038–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250765.

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Desiccant dehumidifiers have been used in industrial and commercial processes to provide air of lower relative humidity than can be achieved readily with vapor compression equipment. Parallel passage rotary wheel regenerators with silica gel on the passage walls are used as dehumidifiers for air-conditioning applications. This study presents an investigation of transient mass transfer in a parallel passage dehumidifier with a thin layer of silica gel on the passage walls. A two-film resistance model was used to approximate the overall transfer resistance between the process air and the solid desiccant. Isothermal transient mass transfer experiments using parallel passages with silica gel coated walls were conducted and analyzed. It was found that the two-film model agrees with the experimental results within the experimental accuracy. Although only silica gel was used in this study, the results may be extended to other solid desiccants.

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Marchand, J., M. Pigeon, R. Gagné, S. Jacobsen, and E. J. Sellevold. "La résistance au gel des bétons à haute performance." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 5 (October 1, 1996): 1070–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-914.

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A literature survey of the frost resistance of high-performance concrete (HPC) is presented in this paper. Various aspects of HPC behaviour to frost, such as ice formation, resistance to internal microcracking and scaling, and air entrainment were discussed. The survey clearly indicates that the volume of ice formed in the 0 to −20 °C range is significantly reduced by the low porosity of HPC. This reduction is often accompanied by a significant improvement of the scaling resistance. Some studies even reveal the existence of a critical water/binder ratio below which air entrainment would not be required as a protection against this type of deterioration. However, this critical water/binder ratio would not apply to internal cracking. In many instances, HPC with no air entrainment were resistant to scaling but susceptible to internal microcracking. The behaviour of HPC to frost is discussed from both theoretical and applied points of view. Key words: frost resistance, high-performance concrete, ice formation, internal microcracking, scaling.

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Zhang, Hua Yuan, Can Wang, Bing Xue, and Jing Luo. "Effect of Sol-Gel Film on the Corrosion Resistance of Low Carbon Steel Plate." Materials Science Forum 984 (April 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.984.43.

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To improve the corrosion resistance on Q235 low carbon steel, in this paper, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), N-dodecyl trimethoxysilane and γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane (KH560) were used to make organic-inorganic hybrid sol-gel film. Cross cut test adhesion method, neutral salt spray test, electrochemical test and film protective efficiency were taken to value the corrosion resistance property. The corrosion topography was studied by optical microscope. In addition, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) curves and equivalent electric circuit fitting were used to analyze the corrosion mechanism. The cross cut adhesion of sol-gel film can reach 1 class and the protection class can attain 5 class after 72 hours neutral salt spray test. According to the potentiodynamic polarization curve analysis, the corrosion potential of sol-gel film coating sample after 0.5 hours immersion was -0.46 V (vs. SCE) on the 0.1 Hz, and its corrosion current density was 4.74×10-7 A·cm-2. The corrosion potential of bare Q235 low carbon steel plate after 0.5 hours immersion was -0.78 V (vs. SCE) on the 0.1 Hz, and its corrosion current density was 4.75×10-6 A·cm-2. The impedance value on 0.1 Hz (|Z|0.1Hz) (1.27×106 Ω·cm2) of sol-gel film coating sample was more than three orders of magnitude higher than the value of the low carbon steel plate. Even dipping in 3.5 wt. % NaCl for 72 hours, the |Z|0.1Hz value of sol-gel coating sample was still one order of magnitude higher than the low carbon steel plate with 0.5 hours immersion. Sol-gel film with excellent adhesion can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of low carbon steel plate. Sol-gel film can increase the protection efficiency of low carbon steel plate by 90%.

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Heath, Daniel E., Abdul Rahim Mohamed Sharif, Chee Ping Ng, Mary G. Rhoads, Linda G. Griffith, Paula T. Hammond, and Mary B. Chan-Park. "Regenerating the cell resistance of micromolded PEG hydrogels." Lab on a Chip 15, no. 9 (2015): 2073–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc01416b.

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Micromolded hydrogels lose non-fouling properties enabling cell adhesion and migration on the gel (left). We develop a method to regenerate the cell resistance of the gels resulting in robust resistance to cell adhesion (right).

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Balan, Poovarasi, Aaron Ng, Chee Beng Siang, R. K. Singh Raman, and Eng Seng Chan. "Effect of Nanoparticle Addition in Hybrid Sol-Gel Silane Coating on Corrosion Resistance of Low Carbon Steel." Advanced Materials Research 686 (April 2013): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.686.244.

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Chromium pre-treatments of metal have been replaced by silane pre-treatments as more environmental friendly option. Nanoparticles can be added in the silane sol-gel network have been reported to improve corrosion resistance. In this work, the electrochemical corrosion resistance of low carbon steel coated with hybrid organic-inorganic sol-gel film filled with nanoparticles was evaluated. The sol-gel films have been synthesized from 3-glycidoxy-propyl-trimethoxy-silane (3-GPTMS) and tetra-ethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) precursors. These films have been impregnated with 300 ppm of silica or alumina nanoparticles. The electrochemical behavior of the coated steel was evaluated by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Equivalent circuit modeling, used for quantifying the EIS measurements showed that sol-gel films containing silica nanoparticles improved the barrier properties of the silane coating. The silica nanoparticle-containing films showed highest initial pore resistance over the five days of immersion in 0.05M NaCl.

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de Ferri, Lavinia, Andrea Lorenzi, Elisa Carcano, and Lorenza Draghi. "Silk fabrics modification by sol–gel method." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 1 (November 2, 2016): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516676061.

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Sol–gel is a very effective method to obtain high purity ceramic and hybrid coatings on a variety of substrates. Thanks to their unique structure and extremely reduced thicknesses, sol–gel coatings can remain adherent and transparent even on flexible substrates such as textiles. Hence, their versatile chemistry can be exploited to impart a variety of properties to fabrics. Here, we evaluated the potential of sol–gel coatings for the functionalization of silk fabrics, and in particular for the preparation of coatings able to simultaneously improve abrasion resistance and attain water-repellency. To this end, tetra-ethyl-ortho-silicate based (TEOS) hybrid coatings were prepared using different Si-alkoxides functionalized with either alkyl chains or fluorinated groups. Abrasion resistance, oil and water contact angle, mechanical properties and water vapor permeability were assessed on treated fabrics to identify the more promising formulations.

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Le Bail, Nicolas, Krystelle Lionti, Stéphane Benayoun, Sophie Pavan, Leslie Thompson, Christel Gervais, Géraud Dubois, and Bérangère Toury. "Scratch-resistant sol–gel coatings on pristine polycarbonate." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 11 (2015): 8302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj00426h.

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Anibijuwon, Ibikunle Ibitayo, Ifeoluwa Deborah Gbala, Jumai Adeola Abioye, and Paul Oluwaseun Ogunlade. "Antibiotic Sensitivity and Evaluation of Plasmid Profile of Major Foodborne Pathogens." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 06, no. 04 (December 2016): 04–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708667.

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AbstractThis study revealed the reason behind the antibiotics resistance of isolated food-borne pathogens through their susceptibility testing to various antibiotics of choice. The results of the study revealed that resistance of the bacteria isolates which are Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus sp. to different antibiotics varies and differs considerably. For instance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance to Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Gentamicin and Tetracycline. Staphylococcus sp. isolated showed multiple resistances to Cloxacillin, Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, Augmentin and Gentamicin. Proteus vulgaris showed multiple resistances to five antibiotics in-vitro which are Augmentin, Nitrofurantoin, Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole and Nalidixic. The seven isolates were then assayed for plasmid profiling by agarose gel electrophoresis. All the isolates has plasmid with varying sizes of between 9–21kb. Further conjugative study will reveal more reason behind the resistance.

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Liu, Hui Cong, Liqun Zhu, and Yan Bin Du. "Modification of Electroless Nickel-Plating Coatings with Sol-Gel Film." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3835.

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Four Sol-Gel films were developed by dip-coating electroless nickel-plated samples in different Sols, followed by heat treatment. The effects of the coating times and heat treatment temperature on the corrosion, oxidation resistance and wearing quality of the modified coating were examined. Results show that, after six coating, Sol-Gel films obtained can provide good corrosion and oxidation resistance, and their anti-corrosion quality remains high even after being oxidized at 500 °C for 60 hours. Addition of inorganic molybdenum salt or chromate into the Ti Sol also makes the wearing quality of the Sol-Gel film better.

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Forward, Kevin R., Katherine M. Matheson, Margot Hiltz, Heather Musgrave, and Cornelius Poppe. "Recovery of Cephalosporin ResistantEscherichia coliandSalmonellafrom Pork, Beef and Chicken Marketed in Nova Scotia." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 15, no. 4 (2004): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/695305.

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BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial use in farm animals is a potentially important contributor to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. ResistantSalmonellamay lead to serious human infections and resistantEscherichia colimay transfer plasmid-encoded resistance genes to other pathogens.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence ofE coliandSalmonellaspecies resistant to the third generation of cephalosporins in retail meat products in Halifax, Nova Scotia in 2002.METHODS: Ground beef, ground pork and chicken wings were tested forE coliandSalmonella. E coliwere selected on ceftriaxone-containing media. Beta-lactamases were characterised by isoelectric focusing, polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis was performed to determine the relationship of strains. The transferability of plasmids and location of resistance genes was also determined.RESULTS: Forty-three of 75 packages of chicken wings contained ceftriaxone-resistantE coli; 42 of these contained beta-lactamases with isoelectric points at approximately 8.7. Six of seven CMY primer amplicons that were sequenced contained plasmid-mediated Citrobacter freundii-derivedblaCMY-2; the other contained a CMY-2-like beta-lactamase. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns demonstrated that strains were not clonal in nature. Four chicken samples containedSalmonella, one of which containedblaCMY-2-mediated resistance and anE colibearing the same gene, but on different plasmids. Four of 100 beef samples containedblaCMY-2-bearingE coli; none containedSalmonella. Two of 75 pork samples contained ceftriaxone resistantE coli, one of which encoded for CMY-2. One susceptibleSalmonellastrain was recovered from pork.CONCLUSIONS: Chicken from retail outlets located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, commonly containedblaCMY-2-bearingE coli. The relationship antibiotics used in food-producing animals and its effect on resistance of commensals and pathogens needs to be determined.

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Mazahery, A., and M. O. Shabani. "Sol–gel coated B4C particles reinforced 2024 Al matrix composites." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 226, no. 2 (December 4, 2011): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420711428996.

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In this study, mechanical and wear properties of unreinforced 2024 Al alloy and composites with different vol.% of coated and uncoated boron carbide particles were experimentally investigated. It is seen that incorporation of hard particles to 2024 aluminium alloy contributes to the improvement of the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the base alloy to a great extent. Hard particles take part in resisting penetration, cutting, and grinding by the abrasive and protect the surface. It is noted that the increase in the weight fraction of B4C particles improves the wear resistance of the composites. Based on the weight loss data, composites with 30 vol.% B4C particles have the highest wear resistance among all the tested samples and unreinforced aluminium alloys give the lowest wear resistance. The results show that TiB2 coating of the B4C particles improved the mechanical properties. It is observed that the weight losses of the coated composites are less than those of the composites without coating.

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Sohrabi Anaraki, H., N. V. Gaponenko, V. G. Litvinov, A. V. Ermachikhin, V. V. Kolos, A. N. Pyatlitski, and V. A. Ivanov. "Low-resistance and high-resistance states in strontium titanate films formed by the sol–gel method." Physics of the Solid State 57, no. 10 (October 2015): 2030–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063783415100303.

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Dheilly, Alexandra, Laëtitia Le Devendec, Gwenaëlle Mourand, Axelle Bouder, Eric Jouy, and Isabelle Kempf. "Resistance Gene Transfer during Treatments for Experimental Avian Colibacillosis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 1 (October 10, 2011): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05617-11.

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ABSTRACTAn experiment was conducted in animal facilities to compare the impacts of four avian colibacillosis treatments—oxytetracycline (OTC), trimethoprim-sulfadimethoxine (SXT), amoxicillin (AMX), or enrofloxacin (ENR)—on the susceptibility ofEscherichia coliin broiler intestinal tracts. Birds were first orally inoculated with rifampin-resistantE. colistrains bearing plasmid genes conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones (qnr), cephalosporins (blaCTX-MorblaFOX), trimethoprim-sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, or tetracyclines. Feces samples were collected before, during, and after antimicrobial treatments. The susceptibilities ofE. colistrains were studied, and resistance gene transfer was analyzed. An increase in the tetracycline-resistantE. colipopulation was observed only in OTC-treated birds, whereas multiresistantE. coliwas detected in the dominantE. colipopulations of SXT-, AMX-, or ENR-treated birds. Most multiresistantE. colistrains were susceptible to rifampin and exhibited various pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, suggesting the transfer of one of the multiresistance plasmids from the inoculated strains to otherE. colistrains in the intestinal tract. In conclusion, this study clearly illustrates how, inE. coli, “old” antimicrobials may coselect antimicrobial resistance to recent and critical molecules.

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Al Daghistani, Hala Ibrahim Al. "Asymptomatic colonization of Staphylococcus aureus with intermediate resistance to vancomycin harboring vanB resistance gene." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i5.17285.

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Objective: Vancomycin has been used worldwide due to empirical therapy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. As a result a selective pressure that favors the outgrowth of vancomycin intermediate S. aureus clones will be created. This study was carried out to evaluate vancomycin resistance pattern of S. aureus in Jordan.Methods: A total of 1179 samples, including 566 (48%) from human and 613 (52%) from animals were examined for the presence of S. aureus using standard biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of coa gene. Resistance to antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method. Methicillin resistance strains were tested for vancomycin resistance by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), E- test, and the results were confirmed by amplification of van genes, and Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results: The prevalence of S. aureus among human source was: 19.35%, 14%, and 8.8% for nasal, nail, and skin, respectively, and for animal sources 27.3%, 5.51%, and 15.86% for milk, nasal, and meat, respectively. Four VISA strains (1.87%) were found to colonize human nares, nails, and skin with vancomycin MIC of 4-8 μg/ml. Van B resistance gene was detected and PFGE with SmaI-digested VISA genomic DNA revealed two different pulsotypes.Conclusion: This is believed to be the first report of VISA strains containing vanB gene isolated from a routine carriage survey. Effective screening directed to persons colonized with VISA should therefore be a priority.Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Polymerase chain reaction, VanB genes.

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Parsa, Mansoureh, Seyed Mohammad Ali Hosseini, Zahra Hassani, and Effat Jamalizadeh. "Corrosion protective properties of coatings doped with inhibitors." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 61, no. 6 (October 28, 2014): 416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-07-2013-1281.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to study the corrosion resistance of water-based sol-gel coatings containing titania nanoparticles doped with organic inhibitors for corrosion protection of AA2024 alloy. Design/methodology/approach – The coatings were obtained using tetraethylorthosilicate, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, titanium (IV) tetrapropoxide and poly(ethylene imine) polymer as cross-linking agents. As corrosions inhibitors, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole and salicylaldoxime were incorporated into the sol-gel for the improvement of the corrosion resistance. The corrosion protection performance of coatings was studied using the potentiodynamic scan and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate surface morphology of the coatings. Findings – The results indicated that doping the sol-gel coatings with inhibitors leads to improvement of the corrosion protection. The comparison of doped coatings confirmed that corrosion protection performance of the sol-gel coatings doped with 2-mercaptobenzoxazole was better than for the sol-gel coatings doped with salicylaldoxime. Also the EIS results verified self-healing effects for the sol-gel coatings doped with 2-mercaptobenzoxazole. Originality/value – This paper indicates 2-mercaptobenzoxazole and salicylaldoxime can be added as corrosion inhibitors to sol-gel coatings to improve their corrosion protective properties for AA2024 alloy.

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Thakre, Atul, Jyoti Kaswan, A. K. Shukla, and Ashok Kumar. "Unipolar resistive switching behavior in sol–gel synthesized FeSrTiO3 thin films." RSC Advances 7, no. 85 (2017): 54111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra09836g.

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Periyasamy, Aravin Prince, Mohanapriya Venkataraman, Dana Kremenakova, Jiri Militky, and Yan Zhou. "Progress in Sol-Gel Technology for the Coatings of Fabrics." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2020): 1838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081838.

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The commercial availability of inorganic/organic precursors for sol-gel formulations is very high and increases day by day. In textile applications, the precursor-synthesized sol-gels along with functional chemicals can be deposited onto textile fabrics in one step by rolling, padding, dip-coating, spraying or spin coating. By using this technology, it is possible to provide fabrics with functional/multi-functional characteristics including flame retardant, anti-mosquito, water- repellent, oil-repellent, anti-bacterial, anti-wrinkle, ultraviolet (UV) protection and self-cleaning properties. These surface properties are discussed, describing the history, basic chemistry, factors affecting the sol-gel synthesis, progress in sol-gel technology along with various parameters controlling sol-gel technology. Additionally, this review deals with the recent progress of sol-gel technology in textiles in addressing fabric finishing, water repellent textiles, oil/water separation, flame retardant, UV protection and self-cleaning, self-sterilizing, wrinkle resistance, heat storage, photochromic and thermochromic color changes and the improvement of the durability and wear resistance properties.

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Liu, Chih-Yi, and Tseung-Yuen Tseng. "Resistance switching properties of sol–gel derived SrZrO3based memory thin films." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 40, no. 7 (March 16, 2007): 2157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/7/045.

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Stambolova, I., O. Dimitrov, M. Shipochka, S. Yordanov, V. Blaskov, S. Vassilev, B. Jivov, et al. "Corrosion resistance of sol-gel ZrO2 coatings deposited on stainless steel." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1492 (April 2020): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1492/1/012025.

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Guin, Akshya Kumar, Suryakanta Nayak, Tapan Kumar Rout, Nikhiles Bandyopadhyay, and Dillip Kumar Sengupta. "Corrosion Resistance Nano-hybrid Sol–Gel Coating on Steel Sheet." ISIJ International 51, no. 3 (2011): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.51.435.

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Wasikiewicz, Jaroslaw M., and Stephen G. Yeates. "Determination of Gel Point of Epoxy Thermosets via Electric Resistance Measurements." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 295, no. 6 (May 17, 2010): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.200900350.

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Zhang, Xin, Lei Mao, Jun Du, and Hui Jun Wei. "Atomic oxygen erosion resistance of sol–gel oxide films on Kapton." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 69, no. 3 (December 28, 2013): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-013-3249-5.

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Wang, Jiancheng, Han Yan, Shu Tian, Jibin Pu, Guangming Lu, Lichun Ren, Zhixiong Liu, Xiaoqiang Fan, and Liping Wang. "Graphene@attapulgite nanohybrid silicone Sol-gel coating toward good corrosion resistance." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 8, no. 4 (November 23, 2020): 045023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/abc9a9.

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Attin, T., H. Deifuss, and E. Hellwig. "Influence of Acidified Fluoride Gel on Abrasion Resistance of Eroded Enamel." Caries Research 33, no. 2 (1999): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000016507.

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Akashi, Takaya, Miho Kasajima, and Hajime Kiyono. "Resistance to Active Oxidation of Sol-Gel HfO2 Coated SiC Polycrystal." ECS Transactions 16, no. 44 (December 18, 2019): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3224755.

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Han, Hui Min, Dan Tong Wang, Hua Qian Yu, Min Zuo, Li Hong Wang, and De Gang Zhao. "Ceria Coatings Prepared by Sol-Gel Approach on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 1369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.1369.

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The ceria coatings on AZ91 substrates were successfully synthesized by chemical conversion and the corrosion resistance of AZ91 samples with and without ceria coatings were evaluated by means of electrochemical corrosion in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. According to the parameters derived from the polarization date, the Icorr (the corrosion current density) values of the coated samples are smaller than that of bare one, indicating that the corrosion resistance of AZ91 alloys has been improved to some extent. The influence of fluoridated pretreatment, inter-layer heat treatment, sintering temperature and the layer of films on the performance of ceria coatings were also investigated. It was found that the inter-layer heat treatment has no influence on improving the anticorrosion resistance of AZ91 alloy. In comparison with the bare one, the Icorr of optimal sample is about 0.0219mA/cm2, which decreases by two orders of magnitude, indicating that the ceria coatings could significantly improve the corrosion resistance of AZ91 magnesium alloy.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Resistance gel'

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