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1
Ouyang, Quinglin. "Time to purchase your ownhouse : The resistance of housing investments againstmacroeconomic shocks." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277084.
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Housing is both a durable good and an investment vehicle, which makes it importantin people’s daily life aswell as for a nation’s economy. This thesis innovatively applies the Sharpe ratio on evaluating the performance of the US residentialhousing market within the time period from 2005:Q1 to 2019:Q3, andinvestigates how this performance would react upon macroeconomic shocks,including sudden changes in GDP growth rate and personal income growthrate, by establishing a vector auto-regression model with the lag order of four.The main results are that: (1)in the long run, direct residential investments are not significantly more profitable than treasury bills but not disappointing compared to the market portfolio of Dow Jones Industrial Average; (2)the performance of residential investments seem to slightly and positively co-move withGDP and personal income growth rate; (3)the long-term impacts that sudden GDP and personal income growths have on the performance seem inconspicuous and tend to mitigate within about three years and (4) limited evidence supports the hypothesis that current housing market performance can help predictfuture GDP growth rate. Based on housing’s two purpose of consumption andinvestment and the empirical results showing that direct investments on residentialproperties have similar risk-adjusted return level to short-term treasurybills, I suggest that financially feasible households purchase their own houseinstead of renting for a long time, and that speculative investors avoid puttingmoney in residential properties unless they have access to inside information.Bostäder kan betraktas både som en hållbar vara och som ett investeringsinstrument.De är essentiella för människors vardag och har en viktig roll förett lands ekonomi. Denna avhandling använder innovativt Sharpe-förhållandet för att utvärdera hur den amerikanska bostadsmarknaden presterade under perioden2005: kvartal 1 till 2019: kvartal 3. Den försöker även undersöka om denna prestation påverkas av makroekonomiska chocker inklusive plötsligaförändringar i BNP-tillväxttakt och personliga inkomsttillväxthastighet. Detta görs genom att upprätta en vektor autoregression modell med en fördröjningsordningför fyra. De viktigaste resultaten är att: (1) på långsikt är direktabostadsinvesteringar inte betydligt mer lönsamma än statsskuldväxlar dock är det hellre inte en besvikelse jämfört med en marknadsportföljen av Dow JonesIndustrial Average; (2) Prestationen av bostadsinvesteringar verkar vara svagt och samverkar positivit både med BNP och tillväxttakten för personinkomst.(3) De långsiktiga effekterna av plötsliga tillväxter av BNP och personliga inkomster har på utvecklingen verkar vara vaga och tenderar att mildra inomcirka tre år och (4) begränsade bevis stöder hypotesen om att nuvarande bostadsmarknadsresultat kan bidra till att förutsäga framtida BNP-tillväxttakten.Baserat på bostädernas två syften inom konsumtion och investeringar, visar deempiriska resultaten att direkta investeringar i bostadsfastigheter har en liknande riskjusterad avkastningsnivå som kortfristiga statsskuldväxla. Därför föreslår jag att ekonomisk stabila hushåll borde köpa ett eget hus istället för att hyraunder en lång tid, och att spekulativa investerare borde undvika att satsa pengar inom bostadsfastigheter såvida de inte har tillgång till insider-information.
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Pedraza, Paloma. "Does Response Topography Affect Response Rates and Behavioral Persistence in Fixed-ratio Schedules?" FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/536.
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The purpose of this study was to compare response rates and resistance to extinction in single-task and multiple-task phases. Research was conducted with thirty undergraduate college students in a controlled experimental setting. Each Participant was exposed to 4 treatment phases: single-task, fixed-ratio of one (ST-FR1), multiple-task fixed-ratio of one (MT-FR1), single-task fixed-ratio of 5 (ST-FR5) and multiple-task fixed-ratio of 5 (MT-FR5) all beginning with a baseline phase and reverting back to baseline after the first two conditions were presented. Half of the Participants received the single-task phase first, and the other half received the multiple-task phase first, in order to observe the behavior in transition. A trials-to-criterion measure was used to determine how long it took each Participant’s behavior to adapt to the new contingency in the next phase, which was presented without any signal.
The data reveal that regardless of the order of phase presentation it took Participants more than twice as long to reach the criterion in the single-task phases, than in the multiple-task phases.
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Edupuganti, Pradeep. "Effect of resistance training in the improvement of hamstrings to quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratio in males and females." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Akhavan-Kharazian, Mahmood. "Calcium Amelioration of Salinity (Sodicity) on Nitrogen Fixation, Stomatal Resistance, Potassium/Sodium Ratio and Total Nitrogen of Phaseolus vulgaris L." DigitalCommons@USU, 1986. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3352.
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Extreme salinity is one of the most common environmental constraints with which legume/rhizobia symbionts must deal in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In some areas, with good management, it has been economically possible to ameliorate the saline soil with calcium. The objective of this study, therefore, was to investigate calcium amelioration of salinity (sodicity) on nitrogen fixation, stomatal resistance, potassium/sodium ratio, and total nitrogen of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Seeds of snapbeans were grown in pots under green house conditions and were irrigated with NaCl concentrations of 0, 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 S m-1 combined with CaS04 . 2H20 or CaCl2. 2H20 , each at concentrations of 0, 4, and 8 mM .
The results show that increasing NaCl concentration decreased leaf water potential, total leaf chlorophyll, shoot and root dry weight, and nitrogen fixation but increased stomatal diffusive resistance. At the highest level of NaCl, addition of CaS04to NaCl increased leaf water potential via increasing stomatal diffusive resistance. Such effects were not observed with the addition of CaCl2 to NaCl.
Addition of CaS04 to all levels of NaCl increased total leaf chlorophyll. The shoot and root dry weight and nitrogen fixation was also increased when CaS04 was added to 0.4 and 0.8 S m-1 NaCl. Again, such effects were not observed with the addition of CaCl2 to NaCl.
Furthermore, analysis of leaf mineral composition showed that leaf Ca2+ , Mg2+ and K+ were increased with each increase in NaCl concentration, whereas the K+/ Na+ ratio was decreased. Also, the total leaf nitrogen increased with 0.4 and 1.2 S m-1 NaCl as well as with all levels of CaS04.
Neither CaS04 nor CaCl2 had any significant effect on leaf K+, Na+, or Mg2+ of the plant when they were added to different levels of NaCl. However, leaf Ca2+ increased with an increase in concentration of CaS04 or CaCl2, but only CaS04 exhibited an interaction when combined with NaCl.
Speciation modeling showed that a considerable amount of S04 was complexed as the CaS04° and NaS04- species. In spite of this, CaS04 treatment had ameliorating effect on NaCl induced salinity symptoms in snapbeans.
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Senior, A. K. "A Numerical study of resistance in a rough walled channel flow where the ratio of roughness length scale to the depth of flow varies over a wide range." Thesis, School of Engineering and Applied Science, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3892.
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Numerical calculations were performed over a variety of two-dimensional rib roughness
configurations in which the ratio of flow depth to roughness height was varied from 1.1
to 40. Periodically fully developed flow was achieved by employing periodic boundary
conditions and the effect of turbulence was accounted for by a two-layer model.
These calculations were used to test the hypothesis that any rough wall resistance may
be reduced to an equivalent wall shear stress located on a plane wall. The position of the
plane wall is determined by a novel method of prediction obtained by consideration of
strearnwise force moments. The resistance is then determined by three dynamically
significant length scales: the first (yo) specifies the position of the equivalent plane wall,
the second is the depth of flow h and the third is similar to Nikuradse's sand grain
roughness k,,. The latter length scale is however depth dependent and a universal
relationship is postulated:
ks
y,,
-,= F(Tkwhere
ksw is the asymptotic value of ks at very large flow depths. For the calculation of
friction factor, a resistance equation is proposed of the form typical of fully rough flows.
These postulates are supported by the numerical model results though further work
including physical experiments is required to confirm them.
Before applying the two-layer model to this problem it was tested on smooth rectangular
duct flows and Schlichting's (1936) long angle roughness experiments. The opportunity
was taken to further explore these flows, and in addition calculations were carried out
for Grass et al's ( 199 1) open channel rib roughness experiments.
The periodic boundary conditions were also applied to a larninar counter-flow plate-fin
heat exchanger.A novel source-sinka rrangemenfto r heat flux was developedi n order
to implement these boundary conditions.
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Lukaszewicz, Piotr. "Energy Consumption and Running Time for Trains : modelling of running resistance and driver behaviour based on full scale testing." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3185.
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Niide, Terutaka. "Development of soybean host plant resistance and other management options for the stem borer, Dectes texanus leconte." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1545.
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Mobe, Nompumelelo Thelma. "The influence of canopy cover and cultivar on rates of water use in apple orchards in the Western Cape Province, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8156.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDWater availability and climate related issues are some of the greatest crop production risks to irrigated agriculture in arid regions. In South Africa, for example, the increasing frequency and severity of droughts related to climate change and the growing competition for limited water resources among different users threaten the sustainability and growth of irrigated agriculture, especially the water-intensive fruit industry. Major fruit such as apples (Malus domestica Borkh) are produced entirely under irrigation in South Africa. As a result, there has been considerable research to accurately quantify the water requirements of fruit tree orchards in order to maximize water productivity.
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Mirzoyan, Artak Davit. "Lateral Resistance of Piles at the Crest of Slopes in Sand." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2088.pdf.
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Pokharel, Janak. "CYCLIC LOAD RESISTANCE AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SELECTED SOIL FROM SOUTHERN ILLINOIS USING UNDISTURBED AND REMOLDED SAMPLES." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1545.
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The liquefaction resistance of undisturbed soil samples collected from a selected location in Carbondale, Southern Illinois was evaluated by conducting cyclic triaxial tests. Index property tests were carried out on the sample for identification and classification of the soil. Cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on undisturbed sample after saturation, undisturbed sample at natural water content and remolded samples prepared by compaction in the lab. The results were used to evaluate the effect of saturation and remolding on liquefaction resistance of the local soil. Effect of effective confining pressure on dynamic properties of soil (Young's Modulus and Damping ratio) was also studied. Forty five stress controlled cyclic triaxial tests were performed. Three different values of initial effective confining pressure (5 psi, 10 psi and 15 psi) were used and cyclic stress ratio was varied from 0.1 to 0.5 in order to apply different cyclic shear stresses. The results show that the cyclic load resistance of soil decreases as a result of remolding. Saturated undisturbed samples show increase in resistance to liquefaction with increase in initial confining pressure. Remolded samples were prepared by compaction in the lab keeping unit weight and water content equal to that of undisturbed samples. Remolded samples show increase in liquefaction resistance with increase in confining pressure. Undisturbed samples at natural water content show increase in resistance to develop axial strain with increase in confining pressure. Both the rate of excess pressure development and axial strain development increase significantly as a result of remolding. While investigating the effect of saturation of undisturbed samples on liquefaction resistance of soil, interesting observations were made. The excess pressure buildup rate was faster in case of saturated undisturbed samples compared to that in samples with natural water content. On the other hand, rate of strain development was significantly high in case of sample with natural water content compared to that in saturated sample. Also, results obtained from cyclic triaxial tests on saturated undisturbed samples were compared with results obtained from similar tests on Ottawa Sand (Lama 2014) sample. The comparison shows that the saturated undisturbed soil samples of the selected local soil have very high resistance to liquefaction both in terms of initial liquefaction and development of 2.5% and 5% axial strain. Modulus of Elasticity and damping ratio were studied as important dynamic properties of soil. Young's Modulus was observed to decrease significantly at higher strain levels for all three types of samples. Young's modulus increased with increase in effective confining pressure, the effect of confining pressure being large at low strain level and almost insignificant at higher strain level. Damping ratio was highest in undisturbed sample at natural water content and smallest in remolded sample and damping ratio for saturated undisturbed sample falls in between. The damping ratio did not show any definite correlation with strain and confining pressure at lower strain level. But, for strain higher than 1% double amplitude axial strain, damping ratio significantly decreases with increase in strain. Damping ratio increases with increase in confining pressure as observed at high strain for all samples.
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Koot, Dwayne Jonathan. "Strategic pre-clinical development of Riminophenazines as resistance circumventing anticancer agents." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24163.
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Cancer is responsible for upward of 13% of human deaths. Contemporary chemotherapy of disseminated cancer is often thwarted by dose limiting systemic toxicity and by multi-drug resistance (MDR). Riminophenazines are a novel class of potential anticancer agents that possess a potent multi-mechanistic antineoplastic action. Apart from their broad action against intrinsic, non-classical resistance, Riminophenazines inhibit the action of Pgp and hypothetically all ABC transporters demonstrating their great utility against classical MDR. Considering that combination chemotherapy is the norm, the vision directing R&D efforts was that Riminophenazines could be used with benefit within many standard chemotherapeutic regimes. The strategic intent of this project was to attain improved therapeutic benefit for patients through gains in both pharmaco dynamic and pharmacokinetic specificity for cancer cells over what is currently available. Tactically, this was driven through the use of synergistic Fixed-Ratio Drug Combinations (FRDC) encapsulated within tumour-targeting Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS). Long-term aims of this R&D project were to: 1) Screen FRDC of clofazimine (B663) and the lead derivative (B4125) with etoposide, paclitaxel and vinblastine for synergistic drug interactions in vitro. 2) Design, assemble and characterize a novel nanoparticulate, synergistic, anticancer co-formulation. 3) Evaluate the in vivo safety and efficacy of the developed product/s in accordance with international regulatory guidelines. Using the median effect and combination index equations, impressive in vitro synergistic drug interactions (CI<1) were shown for various FRDC of the three standard chemotherapeutics tested (etoposide, paclitaxel and vinblastine) in combination with either B663 or B4125 against MDR neoplastic cell cultures. Considering in vitro results and with the view to advance quickly to clinical studies, the already approved clofazimine (B663) was elected as the combination partner for paclitaxel (PTX). Considering the potency and wide action of PTX, a novel coformulation (designed to circumvent drug resistance) has the potential to greatly impact upon virtually all cancer types, particularly if selectively delivered through innovative delivery systems and loco-regional administration. A passively tumour targeting, micellular NDDS system called Riminocelles™ that encapsulates a synergistic FRDC of B663 and PTX has been designed, assembled using thin film hydration methods and characterized in terms of drug loading, particle size, zeta potential, CMC and drug retention under sink conditions. An acute toxicity and a GLP repeat dose toxicity study confirmed Riminocelles to be well tolerated and safe at clinically relevant dosages whilst Taxol® (QDx7) produced statistically significant (P<0.05) weight loss within 14 days. The same study demonstrated statistically significant (P<0.05) tumour growth delays superior to that of Taxol at an equivalent PTX dosage of 10 mg/kg. Importantly, all components (amphiphiles and drugs) used in assembly of Riminocelles are already individually approved for medicinal use - this promotes accelerated development towards advanced clinical trials and successful registration. Although these results are very promising (outperforming Taxol), this system was however found in a pharmacokinetic study to suffer from in vivo thermodynamic instability due to the high concentration (abundance) of albumin present in plasma. For this reason, in vivo longevity within circulation, permitting passive tumour accumulation was not fully realized. A second NDDS called the RiminoPLUS™ imaging system was additionally developed. This lipopolymeric nanoemulsion system has successfully entrapped Lipiodol® Ultra fluid (an oil based contrast agent) within the hydrophobic core of a monodisperse particle population with a size of roughly 100 nm and a stability of one week. This formulation is therefore thought capable of CT imaging of tumour tissue and drug targeting after either intravenous or loco-regional injection. In vivo proof of the imaging concept is warranted. The results of this study serve to highlight the great potential of in vitro optimized synergistic FRDC against drug resistant cancers. Lipopolymeric micelles are an effective way to formulate multiple hydrophobic drugs for intravenous administration and present a means by which cancer can be readily targeted; provided that the delivery system possess the prerequisite in vivo stability and surface attributes. Further experiments exploring synergistic drug and biological combinations as well as “intelligent” NDDS actively guided through specific molecular recognition are called for.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Pharmacology
unrestricted
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Lawrence, Robert Michael Heathcote. "A study of carbonation in non-hydraulic lime mortars." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438646.
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Lime has been used in construction for millennia, and its value, especially in the field of conservation architecture, has only recently been rediscovered. Lime mortars harden through carbonation, and this thesis is a study of that process. The research conducted has resulted in the development of two novel techniques for the measurement and detection of carbonation. The first technique is a method of thermogravimetric analysis which allows the carbonation profile to be measured within an acceptable time-frame. The second technique is the use of drilling resistance measurement to visualise the carbonation profile. The potential of elemental analysis to measure the carbonation profile has also been identified. It has been demonstrated that the lime/water ratio has less impact on the compressive strength of air lime mortars than had previously been supposed. The change in the pore size distribution of air lime mortars caused by carbonation has been studied, and a theory has been proposed to explain this phenomenon. Five different forms of air lime binder were studied. The impact of these on the structural performance of the resultant mortars has been assessed. It was concluded that mortars made with lime putties perform better than mortars made with dry lime hydrate. Mortars made with dispersed hydrated lime appear to perform as well as mortars made with lime putties, but at a slower rate of strength growth. The use of extra mature lime putty does not appear to confer structural performance benefits when compared with ordinary lime putty. It has been shown that the use of calcitic aggregates can produce air lime mortars which perform as well as moderately hydraulic lime mortars. It is theorised that this phenomenon is not directly related to carbonation, but rather to a complex interaction of the granulometry, mineralogy, chemistry and porosity of the aggregate with the binder.
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Furegatti, Simone Andrea. "Avaliação da variabilidade das características geotécnicas relacionadas aos processos erosivos com ensaios in situ." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-17062013-165619/.
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A inadequada utilização do meio físico tem gerado desequilíbrios ambientais com sérias consequências socioeconômicas, por vezes de proporções desastrosas, como é o caso das feições erosivas encontradas em vários estados do país. No estado de São Paulo, somente na região entre as cidades de São Pedro e Corumbataí (SP) ocorrem milhares de feições erosivas de portes variados. Os estudos sobre erosão têm apresentado resultados diversos em função de aspectos como a variabilidade das informações consideradas, a diversidade e pequeno número de pesquisas com validação espacial e temporal e a falta de continuidade e detalhamento dos estudos. Os modelos de previsão de erosão existentes mensuram e avaliam principalmente a quantidade de sedimento gerado por erosão laminar. É possível observar a inexistência de modelos que considerem os processos envolvidos na incisão e permanência de erosões lineares, ou que forneçam uma previsão de ocorrência desse tipo de erosão. A complexidade e dificuldade de obtenção de dados para alimentar e validar um modelo estão entre as principais justificativas do baixo número de tentativas de desenvolvimento de modelos de erosão linear. A presente tese buscou identificar e gerar dados de variáveis envolvidas nos processos erosivos lineares e analisar a variabilidade espacial e temporal dos resultados. Adicionalmente, foi avaliada a dificuldade de obtenção de tais dados. Ensaios de caracterização geotécnica, resistência à penetração dinâmica, taxa de infiltração e erodibilidade do solo foram empregados para esse fim. O levantamento da rugosidade do terreno e ensaios com simulador de chuva foram utilizados para a determinação de valores de escoamento superficial e geração de sedimento. Os ensaios com simulador de chuva promoveram, ainda, a observação da ocorrência de incisões no terreno e do processo erosivo. Como resultado obtiveram-se séries de dados para alimentar um modelo de erosão linear. Optou-se por tratar os dados como uma distribuição aleatória e utilizar a ferramenta estatística de análise de variância, a ANOVA, para comprovar a igualdade significante dos valores obtidos. Dentre as respostas obtidas a partir dos resultados, destaca-se a comprovação da dificuldade em gerar dados para alimentar um modelo de erosão, principalmente de obter dados de incisão no solo, para validar um possível modelo de erosão linear. Em uma área que possui um determinado material geológico, em geral, a variabilidade dos dados de caracterização do solo mostrou-se pequena. E a resistência do solo à penetração, por sua vez, apresentou grande variabilidade em função da umidade do solo.Inappropriate use of physical environment has led to an environmental imbalance with serious social and economic consequences. In many cases, such as erosive features found in several Brazilian States, these problems reached disastrous proportions. Thousands of erosive features with different sizes and depths can be found between the municipalities of São Pedro and Corumbataí, in São Paulo State, Brazil. Researches regarding erosion processes in this region have provided inconclusive results due to aspects related to data variability, and lack of both researches with reliable validation and continuity of studies. Current erosion prediction methods are mainly concerned with the amount of sediment resulted from laminar erosion processes. In addition, prediction models for linear erosion processes are rarely reported in technical literature, mainly due to their complexity and difficulty of obtaining reliable validating data. In this regard, the objective of this study is to identify the variables involved in linear erosion processes and build a database with these parameters in order to analyze both spatial and temporal distribution of such phenomenon. As a secondary objective, the difficulty of collecting data was evaluated. Field and laboratory tests were performed in this research, including geotechnical characterization, dynamic penetration test, infiltration rate and erodibility tests. Besides, a rain simulator was developed and used in field tests to cause an erosive process. These observations combined with characteristics of terrain roughness allowed the determination of both runoff and infiltration amounts. As a result, it was possible to provide validation data to a linear erosion prediction model. Data was evaluated as a random distribution using a statistical tool for variance analysis (ANOVA). Among the results, it is important to notice the difficult to collect reliable data to be used in validation of a linear erosion model, mainly those related with the soil incision. Areas with the same soil cover have presented similar data variability referred to soil characterization. On the other hand, penetration resistance values were found to be highly dependent on the soil water content.
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TOMODA, Y., O. KURAUCHI, M. KASUGAI, S. MIZUTANI, and Y. ASADA. "Relationship Between the Changes in Placental Blood Flow Resistance Assessed by Doppler Technique and Maternal Serum Placental Aminopeptidases, which Degrade Vaso-Active Peptides, in Pre-Eclampsia." Thesis, Georg Thieme, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16689.
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Clark, Tad Dee. "An Analysis of Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance in Underwater Friction Stir Welded 304L Stainless Steel." Diss., BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd872.pdf.
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Kliš, Vojtěch. "Koncepční návrh dvoutoké převodovky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444968.
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This thesis deals with the conceptual design of a double clutch gearbox and the inspection of selected designed parts of this gearbox. The first part of the thesis is focused on the theory of automotive transmissions and analysis of already available double clutch gearboxes. The following is the conceptual design itself, which is based on the selected vehicle on which the transmission will be located and on driving resistances. Based on these default values, the gear graduation is selected, which affects the vehicle’s driving dynamics. With regard to the installation space, a conceptual arrangement of the gearbox is proposed. Furthermore, the thesis is focused on the basic design and calculations of individual functional components of the gearbox. The last part of the thesis is involved to the control of selected structural nodes using the finite element method in the ansys workbench software. The whole thesis describes the individual steps for the design of the basic concept of a double clutch gearbox and the design of their basic components.
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Jurčík, Petr. "Automatizované pracoviště pro měření parametrů zesilovačů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219316.
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The aim of this work is to create an automated workplace for measuring the basic parameters of audio amplifiers using a graphical programming environment LabVIEW. Subsequently, the functionality will be verified in practical measurements on the real amplifier.
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Monogioudis, Pantelis Nikolaos. "Near-far resistant detection for CDMA personal communication systems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1994. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844251/.
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The growth of Personal Communications, the keyword of the 90s, has already the signs of a technological revolution. The foundations of this revolution are currently set through the standardization of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), a communication system with synergistic terrestrial and satellite segments. The main characteristic of the UMTS radio interface, is the provision of ISDN services. Services with higher than voice data rates require more spectrum, thus techniques that utilize spectrum as efficiently as possible are currently at the forefront of the research community interests. Two of the most spectrally efficient multiple access technologies, namely. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) concentrate the efforts of the European telecommunity. This thesis addresses problems and. proposes solutions for CDMA systems that must comply with the UMTS requirements. Prompted by Viterbi's call for further extending the potential of CDMA through signal processing at the receiving end, we propose new Minimum Mean Square Error receiver architectures. MMSE detection schemes offer significant advantages compared to the conventional correlation based receivers as they are NEar FAr Resistant (NEFAR) over a wide range of interfering power levels. The NEFAR characteristic of these detectors reduces considerably the requirements of the power control loops currently found in commercial CDMA systems. MMSE detectors are also found, to have significant performance gains over other well established interference cancellation techniques like the decorrelating detector, especially in heavily loaded system conditions. The implementation architecture of MMSE receivers can be either Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) or Single-Input Single-Output. The later offers not only complexity that is comparable to the conventional detector, but also has the inherent advantage of employing adaptive algorithms which can be used to provide both the dispreading and the interference cancellation function, without the knowledge of the codes of interfering users. Furthermore, in multipath fading channels, adaptive MMSE detectors can exploit the multipath diversity acting as RAKE combiners. The later ability is distinctive to MMSE based receivers, and it is achieved in an autonomous fashion, without the knowledge of the multipath intensity profile. The communicator achieves its performance objectives by the synergy of the signal processor and the channel decoder. According to the propositions of this thesis, the form of the signal processor needs to be changed, in order to exploit the horizons of spread spectrum signaling. However, maximum likelihood channel decoding algorithms need not change. It is the way that these algorithms are utilized that needs to be revis ed. In this respect, we identify three major utilization scenarios and an attempt is made to quantify which of the three best matches the requirements of a UMTS oriented CDMA radio interface. Based on our findings, channel coding can be used as a mapping technique from the information bit to a more ''intelligent" chip, matching the ''intelligence" of the signal processor.
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Mitchell, Caroline Anne. "Women and radio : airing differences : on the importance of community radio as a space for women's representation, participation and resistance." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2016. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/6858/.
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The submission and commentary document an original and significant contribution to knowledge about the history, praxis and methods of how women have found their voice in community radio through participation at structural and symbolic levels; that is, by setting up their own radio station structures and programming, using community radio as a place to contest identity and produce new media narratives for themselves beyond male discourses. The submission finds that women’s community radio can be a place for individual empowerment, representation and creativity, as well as a space for resistance – including collective and transnational feminist campaigning and activism. The submission documents historical and contemporary case studies of feminist interventions and women’s radio programming in multiple global contexts. It demonstrates how this work has been instrumental in establishing the field of radio studies and within that, the sub-theme of women’s community radio practice. Discussion of methodologies of critical educational pedagogy runs throughout the commentary and demonstrates that specific, holistic, women-centred approaches to radio training and production can enable more women to access and participate in radio, thus raising the status of their on-air ‘voice’. It demonstrates that adoption and adaptation of the methodology of ethnographic and participatory action research in partnerships between community radio stations, women´s projects and voluntary organisations have developed new ways of understanding how women participate in and engage with radio and radio production. The submission is situated in the context of its intervention in current and recent debates about women´s public voice and the representation of women in media industries. It makes a significant contribution to knowledge about women’s community radio as part of radical and alternative cultural production and offers new directions for women´s radio practice, education and training.
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BAUCHE, CECILE. "La reparation des bases oxydees chez la bacterie radio-resistante deinococcus radiodurans." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077175.
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D. Radiodurans est une bacterie capable de supporter, sans perte de viabilite ni mutagenese, l'action de nombreux agents endommageant l'adn, comme les radiations ionisantes et les rayonnements uv. Afin de caracteriser le mecanisme de reparation des purines oxydees chez d. Radiodurans, nous avons entrepris la purification de l'activite fapy-adn glycosylase. Nous avons montre que cette bacterie possede deux glycosylases excisant les residus fapy et 8-oxog de l'adn, toutes deux presentant une activite ap-lyase associee (procedant par un mecanisme de beta, delta-elimination). La premiere enzyme presente des constantes cinetiques d'excision des residus fapy et 8-oxog similaires a celles de la proteine fpg de e. Coli. Le gene correspondant a cette proteine, homologue du gene fpg de e. Coli, a ete clone, et la proteine correspondante, drfpg, a ete purifiee. Nous avons montre que ses specificites de substrats etaient differentes de celles de la proteine fpg de e. Coli. (reconnaissance des mesappariements 8-oxog/a, preference pour les residus fapyguanine et fapyadenine, et affinite plus faible pour les residus 8-oxog). La seconde enzyme presente une affinite plus faible pour les residus fapy et 8-oxog, mais possede une activite glycol de thymine adn glycosylase associee. Le gene codant pour cette proteine n'a pas encore ete identifie. Nous avons clone le gene nth de d. Radiodurans, et purifie la proteine correspondante (drnth), et la caracterisation des proprietes de cette enzyme est en cours de realisation. Nous avons donc montre que d. Radiodurans possedait un systeme de reparation par excision de base des bases oxydees, mais que les proteines le constituant paraissent etre plus complexes que celles identifiees chez les autres organismes. De plus, etant donne la faible affinite de ces proteines pour les residus 8-oxog, il est vraisemblable qu'il doive exister chez cette bacterie d'autres proteines ou d'autres mecanismes intervenant dans l'elimination de ces lesions.
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Mattox, Kyle E. "Joint light tactical vehicle and mine resistant ambush protected all-terrain vehicle optimum procurement ratio." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27866.
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This thesis builds an optimization decision model that can be used to determine the optimum ratio of the two vehicles that the Army and Marine Corps can purchase to minimize costs while taking into account constraints related to each vehicles capabilities, such as required off-road capabilities and transport ease for missions supported by the services. The proposed optimization decision model is a cost minimizing non-linear programming model that also accounts for changes in the average production cost of each type of vehicle by embedding a cumulative average cost formula into the objective function of the model.
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Rocha, Luciana Alonso da. "O efeito da resistência à insulina sobre a variação do peso e da composição corporal de mulheres submetidas a um programa de intervenção nutricional." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1011.
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A morbidade e mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares demonstram tendência geral de declínio, mas, em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil a ocorrência destes eventos é crescente. A obesidade e principalmente a localização intraabdominal de gordura, relacionase com a ocorrência de doença crônica e diferentes tipos de dietas tem sido testados na busca pela efetiva redução da adiposidade. Fatores biológicos como a resistência à insulina pode interferir na resposta obtida com intervenções nutricionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a perda de peso e as mudanças ocorridas na composição corporal de mulheres saudáveis, eutróficas ou com sobrepeso, submetidas a um programa de prevenção de ganho de peso foram influenciadas pela resistência à insulina no inicio da intervenção. Tratase de um estudo observacional prospectivo. 203 mulheres foram alocadas randomicamente para dieta de baixo e alto índice glicêmico. Destas, 185, foram avaliadas quanto a presença de resistência a insulina na linha de base, 34,6 % foram classificadas como resistentes a insulina segundo o índice HOMAIR, no ponto de corte 2,71. As medidas antropométricas de localização de gordura, circunferência da cintura (CC) e relação cintura quadril (RCQ) associaramse com a resistência a insulina do inicio do estudo, sendo a RCQ a mais fortemente associada (razão de prevalência: 2,28; p=0,0005, enquanto que para CC o valor foi 1,53; p=0,04). A análise da modificação do peso e das medidas antropométricas de composição corporal ao longo dos 6 meses de acompanhamento não demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos com e sem resistência a insulina. Em conclusão, embora a resistência à insulina tenha se correlacionado com a localização de gordura avaliada principalmente pela relação cintura quadril no inicio do estudo, ela não foi capaz de explicar mudanças na composição corporal e de peso em resposta a uma intervenção nutricional.Morbidity and mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases show a general tendency to decline, but in developing countries, like Brazil, the occurrence of these events is increasing. Obesity and especially the location of intra-abdominal fat, is related to the occurrence of chronic disease and different types of diets have been tested in the search to effective reduction of adiposity. Biological factors such as insulin resistance can interfere with the response obtained with nutritional interventions. The aim of this study was to assess if the weight loss and the changes in the body composition of healthy women, normal weight or overweight, under a program for prevention of weight gain were influenced by the insulin resistance at the beginning of the intervention. This is a prospective observational study. 203 women have been randomly allocated to low and high glycemic index diets. Among these, 185 have been assessed for the presence of insulin resistance at baseline, 34.6% have been classified as insulin resistant according to the HOMA-IR, in the cut value of 2.71. The anthropometric measurements of fat location, waist circumference (WC) and waist hip ratio (WHR) associated with baseline insulin resistance, being the WHR the most strongly associated (prevalence ratio: 2.28, p = 0.0005, while for the WC the value was 1.53, p = 0.04). The analysis of weight modification and anthropometric measurements of body composition throughout the 6 months of follow-up, has not demonstrated statistical significant differences between the groups resistant and non resistant to insulin. In conclusion, although insulin resistance has been correlated to the location of fat mainly measured by waist hip ratio in the beginning of the study, it has not been able to explain changes in body composition and weight in response to a nutritional intervention.
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Bartoň, Vojtěch. "Metodika zkoušek historických cihel a zdiva." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409950.
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This diploma thesis is focused on methodology for sorting of solid fired bricks for reconstruction of historical buildings. The theorethical part of this thesis includes description of production technology of solid fired bricks and diagnostic methods. In practical part there are these methods aplied on the solid fired bricks, which are intended for reconstruction of the bridge in Sedlec. There are monitored changes in structure of solid fired bricks caused by repeated freezing and defrosting. This changes are monitored by resonant frequency method and ultasonic pulse method.
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Kuba, Valesca Mansur. "Avaliação da relação entre circunferência abdominal e altura como preditora de risco cardiometabólico em crianças de 6 a 10 anos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5141/tde-25042012-102817/.
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Os objetivos do estudo foram correlacionar a razão entre a circunferência abdominal e altura (CA/A) e o índice de massa corpórea (IMC) com as variáveis cardiometabólicas e inflamatórias em escolares de seis a 10 anos; avaliar a frequência de sobrepeso/obesidade e alterações cardiometabólicas e comparar o desempenho dos referenciais de índice de massa corpórea (IMC) do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 (CDC) e Organização Mundial de Saúde 2007 (OMS) no diagnóstico de sobrepeso/obesidade e alterações cardiometabólicas. Métodos: estudo de corte transversal, que incluiu 175 crianças, provenientes do Centro de Referência para Tratamento da Criança e do Adolescente (CRTCA), em Campos, Rio de Janeiro. As crianças foram divididas segundo os escores z do CDC e OMS em: não obesas (z do IMC <1) e sobrepeso/obesidade (z do IMC > 1). As variáveis cardiometabólicas analisadas foram: pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), glicose, lipoproteínas de baixa e alta densidades (LDL e HDL, respectivamente), triglicerídeos (TG), HOMA-IR. Como variáveis inflamatórias, analisamos proteína C reativa ultra-sensível (PCR) e leucometria. Resultados: a média da CA/A do grupo sobrepeso/obesidade foi maior que a do não obeso (0,58 ± 0,007 e 0,45 ± 0,004, respectivamente, p< 0,0001). Houve correlação significativa da CA/A com os escores z do IMC (r = 0,88, p < 0,0001), PAS (r= 0,51, p<0,0001), PAD (r= 0,49, p<0,0001), HOMA-IR (r=0,83, p<0,0001), HDL (r = -0,28, p< 0,0002), TG (r= 0,26, p<0,0006), LDL (r= 0,25, p<0,0008) e PCR (r= 0,51, p<0,0001). Contudo, a CA/A não se correlacionou com glicemia nem leucócitos. A sensibilidade da CA/A se equivaleu à do IMC no diagnóstico das alterações cardiometabólicas. A sensibilidade mais elevada da CA/A foi para o diagnóstico de alteração da PAS (80,0 %), PAD (76,6%) e HOMA-IR (92,6%). O ponto de corte superior a 0,47 foi sensível para o diagnóstico de resistência insulínica, mas acima de 0,50, para os demais distúrbios cardiometabólicos. A frequência de sobrepeso/obesidade nos escolares foi igual a 49,7%. Com exceção de hipertrigliceridemia, todas as outras alterações cardiometabólicas foram mais frequentes no grupo sobrepeso/obesidade (aumento de PA, p<0,0001; glicemia de jejum alterada, p < 0,0048; aumento de LDL, p< 0,015 e redução do HDL, p<0,0001). O referencial da OMS 2007 reclassificou 11 crianças a mais como obesas que o CDC, que apresentaram médias de escores z de PAS (1,71 ± 1,54), PAD (2,64 ± 1,83) e HOMA-IR (1,84 ± 0,98) semelhantes às médias das obesas (PAS = 1,25 ± 2,04; PAD = 1,94 ± 1,19 e HOMA-IR = 2,09 ± 1,12), mas superiores às médias das classificadas como sobrepeso (PAS = 0,49 ± 1,34, p < 0,023; PAD = 1,45 ± 0,97, p < 0,04 e HOMA-IR = 1,24 ± 0,67, p < 0,04 ). Conclusões: a razão CA/A foi tão sensível quanto IMC da OMS 2007 no diagnóstico do risco cardiometabólico e inflamatório. O referencial da OMS 2007 foi o mais sensível não só para o rastreamento de sobrepeso/obesidade, como também para pressão arterial elevada e resistência insulínica, em escolares de seis a 10 anosThis study aims to correlate the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the body mass index (BMI) with the cardiometabolic and inflammatory variables in 6-10 year-old school children; to evaluated the frequency of overweight/obesity and cardiometabolic disturbances, and to compare the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) body mass index (BMI) references in the diagnosis of overweight/obesity and the cardiometabolic disturbances. Methods: a cross-sectional study which included 175 subjects, selected from the Reference Center for the Treatment of Children and Adolescents, in Campos, Rio de Janeiro. The subjects were classified according to the 2000 CDC and 2007 OMS BMI z scores as non obese (BMI < 1) and overweight/obese ones (BMI > 1). The analized cardiometabolic variables were systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP respectively), fasting glycemia, low and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL respectively), trigliceride (TG), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). As inflammatory markers we analized the ultra-sensitive Creactive protein (CRP) and the leucocyte count. Results: the WHtR mean of the overweight/obese group was higher than that of the non obese ones (0,58 ± 0,007 and 0,45 ± 0,004, respectively,p < 0,0001). There was correlation between the WHtR and BMI z score (r = 0,88, p < 0,0001), SBP (r = 0,51, p < 0,0001), DBP (r = 0,49, p < 0,0001), HOMA-IR (r = 0,83, p < 0,0001), HDL (r = -0,28, p < 0,0002, TG (r= 0,26, p < 0,0006), LDL (r = 0,25, p < 0,0008), and CRP (r = 0, 51, p < 0.0001). However, the WHtR was neither correlated with glycemia nor with the leucocyte count. The WHtR sensitivity was equivalent to that of the BMI in the diagnosis of all cardiometabolic variables. The highest WHtR sensitivity was to diagnose the SBP (80,0%), DBP (76,6%) and HOMA-IR (92,6%) alterations. The WHtR cut-off higher than 0,47 pointed out to insulin resistance diagnosis, but higher than 0,5, it did to the other metabolic disturbances. The frequency of overweight/obesity was 49,7% in these school children. Except for hypertriglyceridemia, all the remaining cardiometabolic disturbances were more frequent in the overweight/obese group. The 2007 WHO BMI reference reclassified 11 children more as obese than the 2000 CDC, who had means of SBP (1,71 ± 1,54) and DBP z scores (2,64 ± 1,83) and HOMA-IR (1,84 ± 0,98) similar to those of the obese ones (SBP = 1,25 ± 20,4; DBP = 1,94 ± 1,1 and HOMA-IR = 2,09 ± 1,12), but higher than those of the classified as overweight (SBP= 0,49 ± 1,34, p<0,023; DBP= 1,45 ± 0,97, p<0,04 and HOMA-IR= 1,24 ± 0,67, p<0,04). Conclusions: the WHtR was so sensitive as the 2007 WHO BMI z score in diagnosing the cardiometabolic and inflammatory risk. The 2007 WHO reference was the most sensitive not only to screen obesity, but also the high blood pressure and insulin resistance, in 6-10-year-old children
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Liu, Yi. "LATEXIN’S ROLE IN REGULATING HEMATOPOIETIC STEM AND PROGENITOR CELLS." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/physiology_etds/11.
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Previous studies in our lab identified a novel gene, latexin (Lxn), that regulates murine hematopoietic stem cells through balancing apoptosis, self-renewal and proliferation. In these dissertation studies, I performed a series of experiments to examine the function of Lxn using a Lxn conventional knockout mouse, and characterize Lxn’s role in the presence of hematopoietic stresses such as ionizing radiation, cytokines induced-mobilization, and hematopoietic malignancy.
The first series of experiments was designed to determine the role of Lxn in hematopoiesis under homeostatic conditions. I found that Lxn-/- mice exhibited hyperproliferative hematopoiesis, a repopulation advantage and elevated self-renewal capacity which was intrinsic to the Lxn-/- hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, I identified a reduction in apoptotic frequency in Lxn-/- hematopoietic progenitors, which may account for the expansion seen in the progenitor population.
In a second series of experiments, I discovered a role of Lxn in the radio-sensitivity of hematopoietic cells. I found that loss of Lxn in mice confers resistance to ionizing radiation. Lxn-/- mice showed rapid hematological recoveries after radiation exposure at the stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) level. The ablation of Lxn hindered irradiation-induced apoptosis which may underlie the radiation resistance through regulating hematopoietic recovery.
In a third series of experiments, I studied the interaction of Lxn-/- stem and progenitor cells with their microenvironment. Using a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced mobilization model, I determined that the ability of HSPCs to mobilize into the bloodstream was significantly increased in Lxn-/- mice. The adhesive properties of hematopoietic cells were compromised in Lxn-/- animals. Gene expression studies on progenitor cells identified cell-to-ECM interactions were down-regulated upon Lxn deletion, implying the enhanced mobilization efficiency of hematopoietic cells from Lxn-/- mice correlated with reduced adhesion of hematopoietic progenitor cells to stroma.
Last, but not least, I performed a series of experiments to study the putative tumor suppressor role of Lxn in hematological malignancy. I found that Lxn expression was down-regulated in primary tumor and tumor cell lines by promoter methylation. Overexpression of Lxn inhibited lymphoma cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpressed Lxn increased apoptosis frequency by suppressing the expression of several anti-apoptotic genes, and therefore reduced the tumor growth.
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Savecs, Vladimirs, and Benavente Manuela Larsson. "Antropometriska mått och prestation på GIH:s hälsotester : en kvantitativ studie på individer mellan 30-49 år." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4465.
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Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med den här studien har varit att undersöka och jämföra kvinnor och män i åldersgrupperna 30-39 år respektive 40-49 år avseende antropometriska mått samt prestation på GIH:s hälsotester. En vidare målsättning var att undersöka om det förekom några skillnader mellan två separata testtillfällen. Frågeställningarna har varit om resultaten på hälsotesterna skiljer sig mellan könen, åldersgrupperna samt mellan två separata testtillfällen. Metod Totalt fullföljde 41 deltagare GIH:s hälsotester, av dem var 20 kvinnor och 21 män mellan 30-49 år. Det enda som krävdes för att delta var att man uppfattade sig själv som frisk. Personer som tidigare haft stroke, hjärtinfarkt eller opererats på grund av hjärtproblem har inte inkluderats, ej heller gravida och personer med ledbesvär. Testerna utfördes på LTIV (Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap) mellan februari och mars 2016. Resultat Signifikanta skillnader mellan de två separata testtillfällena noterades för några av styrketesterna framför allt hos männen: axelpressar, handgrip och stolresningar. Mellan könen sågs signifikanta skillnader i de antropometriska måtten, samt i flera konditions- och styrketester. Bland dessa kunde signifikant högre värden ses för kvinnorna än för männen i ryggstyrketestet. Signifikanta skillnader mellan åldersgrupperna 30-39 år och 40-49 år sågs näst intill endast för kvinnor. De yngre jämfört med de äldre kvinnorna presterade bättre i flera av testerna, de vägde mindre och hade mindre kroppsmått. Slutsats Det framkom vanligtvis inte några signifikanta skillnader mellan det första och andra testtillfället, med enstaka undantag. När så är fallet behövs bara ett test utföras initialt inför en period med exempelvis fysisk aktivitet som senare kanske ska följas upp med ett återtest. Skillnader mellan könen och olika åldersgrupper framkom i vissa tester men inte i alla. Resultaten i denna studie beror bland annat på urvalet av individer. Eftersom att syftet med den här studien har varit att endast utföra de tester som ingår i GIH:s hälsotester har inga tester lagts till eller exkluderats. I arbetet diskuteras bland annat hur optimala testerna är som ett mått på hälsa. För att effektivisera hälsotestundersökningar framöver behöver nödvändigtvis inte alla tester utföras.
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Palmer, Katie Noel. "Large-Scale Testing of Passive Force Behavior for Skewed Abutments with High Width-Height Ratios." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4176.
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The effects of seismic forces and thermal expansion on bridge performance necessitate an accurate understanding of the relationship between passive force and backwall deflection. In past case studies, skewed bridges exhibited significantly more damage than non-skewed bridges. These findings prompted studies involving numerical modeling, lab-scale tests, and large-scale tests that each showed a dramatic reduction in passive force with increased skew. Using these results, a correlation was developed between peak passive force and backwall skew angle. The majority of these tests had length to height ratios of 2.0; however, for several abutments in the field, the length to height ratio might be considerably higher than 2.0. This change in geometry could potentially affect the validity of the previously found passive force reduction correlation. To explore this issue, laterally loaded, large-scale pile cap tests were performed with densely compacted sand at a length of 11 ft (3.35 m) and a height of 3 ft (0.91 m), resulting in a length to height ratio of 3.7. The backwall interface was adjusted to fit three various skew angles including: 0°, 15° and 30°. The behavior of both the pile cap and adjacent soil backfill were monitored under these conditions. The peak passive force for the 15° and 30° tests were found to be 71% and 45%, respectively, of the peak passive force for the 0° skew test. These findings are relatively consistent with previously performed tests. Passive forces peaked at deflections between 2% and 5% of the backwall height, decreasing with skew angle. All skews exhibited a log spiral failure plane that transitioned into a linear plane. These results also agreed with previously reported values for large-scale passive force-deflection tests. Rotation of the pile cap was detected in the direction opposite to the skew. Higher pressures were found to be on both corners of the pile cap than in the middle portion, as is suggested by the elastic theory.
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Walker, Matthew James. "Impact of Stringently Controlled Vacuum Environments with in situ Surface Cleaning on Contact Resistance of Au and Ru Based Radio Frequency Microelectromechanical Switches." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06192009-085112/.
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Radio frequency microelectromechanical system (RF MEMS) switches have many promising advantages over solid state switches, particularly with respect to signal stability, cutoff frequency, insertion loss and power consumption characteristics. While gold has traditionally been employed for RF MEMS contacts on account of its chemical inertness and low resistivity, its softness has proven problematic in terms of reliability for commercial applications. The use of materials other than gold appears to be necessary, and a better understanding of the mechanisms causing premature failure has become increasingly necessary. Prior studies of RF MEMS contacts have been performed in air, nitrogen and vacuum environments that ranged in pressure from 10-3 to 10-7 torr. Since these studies were performed in conditions where condensation of contaminants can easily occur, their reproducibility is uncertain. The studies performed for this dissertation involved operation of switches in a stringently controlled vacuum environment, with in situ oxygen plasma surface cleaning and controlled hydrocarbon gas exposure. Three primary topics were studied, and are reported on herein: 1) The impact of in situ oxygen plasma cleaning on the resistance of Ru and Au-Ru based RF MEMS contacts in vacuum, 2) documentation of pentane and dodecane exposure levels that result in an increase in contact resistance for Ru and Au-Ru based contacts, and 3) switch lifetime measurements as a function of surrounding gas environment.
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Marnell, Joseph. "An Empirical Investigation of Factors Affecting Resistance to Using Multi-Method Authentication Systems in Public-Access Environments." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/970.
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Over the course of history, different means of object and person identification as well as verification have evolved for user authentication. In recent years, a new concern has emerged regarding the accuracy of verifiable authentication and protection of personal identifying information (PII), because previous misuses have resulted in significant financial loss. Such losses have escalated more noticeably because of human identity-theft incidents due to breaches of PII within multiple public-access environments. Although the use of various biometric and radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies is expanding, resistance to using these technologies for user authentication remains an issue. This study addressed the effect of individuals’ perceptions on their resistance to using multi-method authentication systems (RMS) in public-access environments and uncovered key constructs that may significantly contribute to such resistance.
This study was a predictive study to assess the contributions of individuals’ perceptions of the importance of organizational protection of their PII, noted as Perceived Value of Organizational Protection of PII (PVOP), authentication complexity (AC), and invasion of privacy (IOP) on their resistance to using multi-method authentication systems (RMS) in public-access environments. Moreover, this study also investigated if there were any significant differences on the aforementioned constructs based on age, gender, prior experience with identity theft, and acquaintance experience with identity theft. As part of this study, a rollout project was implemented of multi-factor biometric and RFID technologies for system authentication prior to electronic-commerce (e-commerce) use in public-access environments. The experimental group experienced the multi-factor authentication and also was trained on its use. Computer users (faculty & students) from a small, private university participated in the study to determine their level of PVOP, IOP, and AC on their resistance to using the technology in public-access environments. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was used to formulate a model and test predictive power along with the significance of the contribution of the aforementioned constructs on RMS. The results show that all construct measures demonstrated very high reliability. The results also indicate that the experimental group of the multi-factor authentication had lower resistance than the control group that didn’t use the technology. The mean increases indicate an overall statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups overall. The results also demonstrate that students and participants’ increased levels of education indicate an overall statistically significant decrease in resistance. The findings demonstrate that overall computer authentication training do provide added value in the context of measuring resistance to using newer multi-method authentication technology.
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Vignat, Véronique. "Interet de l'association cis-platinium / radiotherapie dans le traitement palliatif de cancers chimio et radio resistants : a propos de six observations." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M255.
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Mathavakkannan, Suresh. "Techniques to assess volume status and haemodynamic stability in patients on haemodialysis." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4811.
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Volume overload is a common feature in patients on haemodialysis (HD). This contributes significantly to the cardiovascular disease burden seen in these patients. Clinical assessments of the volume state are often inaccurate. Techniques such as interdialytic blood pressure, relative blood volume monitoring, bioimpedance are available to improve clinical effectives. However all these techniques exhibit significant shortcomings in their accuracy, reliability and applicability at the bed side. We evaluated the usefulness of a dual compartment monitoring technique using Continuous Segmental Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (CSBIS) and Relative Blood Volume (RBV) as a tool to assess hydration status and determine dry weight. We also sought to evaluate the role of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) and B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) as a volume marker in dialysis patients. The Retrospective analysis of a historical cohort (n = 376, 55 Diabetic) showed a significant reduction in post-dialysis weights in the first three months of dialysis (72.5 to 70kg, p<0.027) with a non-significant increase in weight between months 6-12. The use of anti-hypertensive agents reduced insignificantly in the first 3 months, increased marginally between months 3-6 and significantly increased over the subsequent 6 months. The residual urea clearance (KRU) fell and dialysis times increased. The cohort was very different to that dialysing at Tassin and showed a dissociation between weight reduction and BP control. This may relate to occult volume overload. CSBIS-RBV monitoring in 9 patients with pulse ultrafiltration (pulse UF) showed distinct reproducible patterns relating to extra cellular fluid (ECF) and RBV rebound. An empirical Refill Ratio was then used to define the patterns of change and this was related to the state of their hydration. A value closer to unity was consistent with the attainment of best achievable target weight. The refill ratio fell significantly between the first (earlier) and third (last) rebound phase (1.97 ± 0.92 vs 1.32 ± 0.2). CSBIS monitoring was then carried out in 31 subjects, whilst varying dialysate composition, temperature and patient posture to analyse the effects of these changes on the ECF trace and to ascertain whether any of these interventions can trigger a change in the slope of the ECF trace distinct to that caused by UF. Only, isovolemic HD caused a change in both RBV and ECF in some patients that was explained by volume re-distribution due to gravitational shifts, poor vascular reactivity, sodium gradient between plasma and dialysate and the use of vasodilating antihypertensive agents. This has not been described previously. These will need to be explored further. The study did demonstrate a significant lack of comparability of absolute values of RECF between dialysis sessions even in the same patient. This too has not been described previously. This is likely to be due to subtle changes in fluid distribution between compartments. Therefore a relative changes must be studied. This sensitivity to subtle changes may increase the usefulness of the technique for ECF tracking through dialysis. The potential of dual compartment monitoring to track volume changes in real time was further explored in 29 patients of whom 21 achieved weight reductions and were able to be restudied. The Refill Ratio decreased significantly in the 21 patients who had their dry weights reduced by 0.95 ± 1.13 kg (1.41 ± 0.25 vs 1.25 ± 0.31). Blood pressure changes did not reach statistical significance. The technique was then used to examine differences in vascular refill between a 36oC and isothermic dialysis session in 20 stable prevalent patients. Pulse UF was carried out in both these sessions. There were no significant differences in Refill Ratios, energy removed and blood pressure response between the two sessions. The core temperature (CT) of these patients was close to 36oC and administering isothermic HD did not confer any additional benefit. Mean BNP levels in 12 patients during isovolemic HD and HD with UF did not relate to volume changes. ANP concentrations fell during a dialysis session in 11 patients from a mean 249 ± 143 pg/ml (mean ± SD) at the start of dialysis to 77 ± 65 pg/ml at the end of the session (p<0.001). During isolated UF levels did not change but fell in the ensuing sham phase indicating a time lag between volume loss and decreased generation. (136±99 pg/ml to 101±77.2 pg/ml; p<0.02) In a subsequent study ANP concentrations were measured throughout dialysis and in the post-HD period for 2 hours. A rebound in ANP concentration was observed occurring at around 90 min post-HD. The degree of this rebound may reflect the prevailing fluid state and merit further study. We have shown the utility of dual compartment monitoring with CSBIS-RBV technique and its potential in assessing volume changes in real time in haemodialysis patients. We have also shown the potential of ANP as an independent marker of volume status in the same setting. Both these techniques merit further study.
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Petrigliano, Maria Stefania. "Comparison of radiobiological effects induced by ultra-high and standard dose rate of x-rays on a radio-resistant cell line." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10813/.
Full textAbstract:
Radiotherapy (RT) has recently evolved with the emergence of heavy ion radiations or new fractionation schemes of photon therapy, which modify the dose rate of treatment delivery. The aim of the present study was then to evaluate the in vitro influence of a ultra-high dose rate comparing them with standard dose rate.
In this regard, a radioresistant SK-MEL-28 cell line were irradiated with x-ray in order to have a total dose of 2 and 4 Gy, at two different dose rate. The ultra-high dose rate is a specific property of the dense plasma focus (DPF) device, which has pulsed operation and thus gives short and highly energetic pulses of multiple types of rays and particles, in this case, we focused our study on the influence of X-rays. While a low dose rate is obtained with conventional X-ray tube.
In this study it results that a ultra-high dose rate enhances radiosensitivity of melanoma cells while reducing the adhesion, proliferation and migration ability of cells.
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Souza, Rayanne Gois de. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização comportamental de modelo de dor muscular tardia induzida por exercício resisitido em rato." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2016. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4001.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThe delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a common myogenic condition characterized by hypersensitivity or pain in skeletal muscles developed after unaccustomed exercise, being very mentioned by practitioners of resistance exercise or by athletes when new movements are performed and / or new drills are conducted. Animal models with resistance exercise protocols are important to mimic the physiological effects of this exercise experienced by humans and, therefore, clarify its mechanisms, and investigate the minimizing of the undesirable effects caused by the practice of such exercise. However, resistance exercise animal models causing DOMS and the mechanisms involved in the development of this type of pain are still poorly investigated. Thus, this study aimed to develop and characterize an experimental model of post-resistance exercise muscle soreness. For this, two groups were used, one submitted to resistance exercise (RE) and a control (CO), which will be submitted to the fictional exercise. Animals performed the 1RM test to discover the greatest burden that could arise in a single repetition and, from then, the training intensity has been set. For such, it was used the squat machine for resistance exercise protocol. The session consisted of 10 sets of 10 repetitions with 60% load set in the 1RM test for each animal, with 2 minutes of rest between sets. The primary (tweezer) and secondary (von Frey) mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal latency (hot plate), and locomotor activity (activity monitor) were assessed immediately before, and 12, 24 and 48 hours after the completion of resistance exercise session. The animals submitted to resistance exercise protocol showed a significant reduction in muscle withdrawal threshold in all exercised groups when compared the times immediately before and after exercise (p<0.05). When comparing exercise group to control, the paw withdrawal threshold was significantly lower (p<0.05) in all exercised groups, however 24 and 48 hours after the exercise there was significant reduction in only in the left paw withdrawal threshold. There was no statistically significant difference in the paw withdrawal threshold and in thermal latency for exercised groups, when compared the moments immediately before and after exercise in all evaluated times, as well as there was no significant difference between the control and exercise groups in evaluated moments. Regarding the locomotor activity, it was observed significant reduction in the distance traveled (p<0.03), as well as in the average speed (p<0.29), 12 hours after the exercise for the exercised group, but there was no statistically significant difference when distance traveled and average speed were measured 24 and 48 hours after exercise. These results show that it was possible to develop and characterize a model of DOMS induced by resistance exercise in rats, accompanied by primary hyperalgesia and decreased locomotor activity.
A dor muscular tardia (DMT) é uma condição miogênica comum caracterizada por hipersensibilidade ou dor na musculatura esquelética afetada após o exercício desacostumado, sendo muito referida por praticantes de exercícios físicos resistidos ou atletas quando novos movimentos são executados e/ou novos treinos são realizados. Modelos animais com protocolos de exercícios resistido são importantes para mimetizar os efeitos fisiológicos apresentados pelos seres humanos e, com isso, esclarecer os mecanismos envolvidos e elucidar a minimização dos efeitos indesejáveis ocasionados pela prática desse tipo de exercício. Porém, modelos animais de exercício resistido que causem DMT e os mecanismos envolvidos no surgimento desse tipo de dor ainda são pouco investigados. Dessa forma, este estudo buscou desenvolver e caracterizar um modelo experimental de dor muscular tardia pós-exercício resistido. Para tanto, foram utilizados dois grupos, um submetido ao exercício resistido (ER) e um controle (CO), o qual foi submetido ao exercício fictício. Os animais realizaram o teste de 1RM para descobrir a maior carga que conseguiam levantar em uma única repetição e, a partir de então, foi definida a intensidade de treino. Para tal, foi utilizado o aparelho de agachamento para o protocolo de exercício resistido. A sessão consistiu de 10 séries de 10 repetições, com 60% da carga estabelecida no teste de 1RM para cada animal, com 2 minutos de descanso entre as séries. A hiperalgesia mecânica primária (tweezer) e secundária (von Frey), latência térmica (hot plate), e atividade locomotora (monitor de atividades) foram avaliadas imediatamente antes, 12, 24 e 48 horas após a realização da sessão de exercício resistido. Os animais que foram submetidos ao protocolo de exercício resistido apresentaram redução significativa do limiar de retirada muscular em todos os grupos exercitados quando comparados os momentos imediatamente antes e depois do exercício (p<0,05). Quando comparados os grupos exercício ao controle, o limiar de retirada da pata foi significativamente menor (p<0,05) em todos os grupos exercitados, porém 24 e 48 horas após houve redução significativa do limiar de retirada apenas na pata esquerda. Não foi observado diferença estatisticamente significativa no limiar de retirada da pata e latência térmica, quando comparados os momentos imediatamente antes e após o exercício nos grupos exercitados em todos os tempos avaliados, como também não foi observada diferença significativa entre os grupos controle e exercício nos tempos avaliados. Em relação à atividade locomotora, foi observada redução significativa na distância percorrida (p<0,03), como também na velocidade média (p<0,29) 12 horas após o exercício no grupo exercitado, porém não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa quando a distância percorrida e a velocidade média foram medidas 24 e 48 horas após o exercício. Esses resultados mostram que foi possível desenvolver e caracterizar um modelo de dor muscular tardia induzida por exercício resistido em ratos, acompanhado de hiperalgesia primária e redução da atividade locomotora.
34
Bejčková, Jana. "Měření zpomalení osobních automobilů při brzdění motorem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232895.
Full textAbstract:
The presented diploma thesis deals with the measurement of car deceleration during engine braking from different starting speeds and different speed gears with a sample of vehicles. This piece of work consists of a theoretical part, where problem background is defined, selected driving parameters including the manner how to measure them are explained and the facts in the field of structural characteristics of the vehicle are given, further from a design of measurement methodology that gives an overall plan of implementation, all the respective information and a description of handling with decelerometer, further from a real measurement of the deceleration including an interpretation of partial obtained values and finally from the evaluation of all results with appropriate conclusions.
35
Kašparová, Hana. "Měření zpomalení nákladních automobilů do 12 tun při brzdění motorem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233050.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with braking effect of the truck’s engine. The theoretical part introduces the reader to the basic construction of trucks, describes most using engine and defines the factors having a significant effect on engine braking. In the practical part the reader is familiar with the technique used in making the measurement and description of the vehicle chosen for the implementation of measurement. The result of the practical part is the values obtained by measurement including their interpretation contained in the conclusion.
36
Correa, Telma Angelina Faraldo. "Aumento do comprimento e peso do intestino delgado, do peso do figado e pancreas de ratos devido a ingestão de feijão-comum cozido e de caseina acrescida de fibras dieteticas com teores crescentes e solubilidade similar a do feijão-comum." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256186.
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Orientador: Admar Costa de OliveiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: O consumo de feijão-comum cozido está associado a efeito trófico no intestino delgado, fígado e pâncreas de ratos. A baixa digestibilidade e valor biológico das proteínas do feijão e as fibras dietéticas estão entre os principais fatores responsáveis por este efeito causando aumento de peso no fígado e no pâncreas. Diante desse fato, o presente estudo objetivou verificar o efeito das fibras dietéticas no aumento de órgãos digestórios (fígado, pâncreas e intestino delgado) de ratos. Para tanto, foram feitas adições crescentes de 5,0% (grupocontrole), 10,0%, 12,5% e 15,0% de fibras dietéticas e amido resistente, com as mesmas proporções de fibras insolúveis, solúveis e amido resistente encontradas no feijão (8: 3: 1), às dietas contendo caseína como fonte protéica. A dieta cuja fonte protéica era o feijão-comum cozido continha 11,9% de fibras dietéticas e 1,0% de amido resistente. Foram utilizados 60 ratos Wistar, recém-desmamados (21-23 dias), os quais foram divididos, aleatoriamente, em 6 grupos. Os animais tiveram livre acesso à água e dieta durante os 14 dias de ensaio biológico, sendo 4 de adaptação e 10 de experimento. Os grupos alimentados com dietas contendo feijão-comum e caseína acrescida de crescentes adições de fibras dietéticas de solubilidade similar à do feijão, apresentaram aumento do intestino delgado, do fígado e do pâncreas quando comparado ao grupo controle em dieta contendo caseína (AIN ¿ 93G). Isto foi verificado no comprimento e peso do intestino delgado e no peso do fígado e do pâncreas que foram: 47,12%, 33,42%, 25,14% e 50,00%, respectivamente, para os ratos em dieta contendo feijão-comum (FC) e 21,43% para peso do pâncreas no grupo que recebeu dieta contendo caseína acrescida de 15,0% de fibras dietéticas e amido resistente (C15,0%), quando comparados ao grupo controle (p<0,05). Em relação à espessura do intestino delgado, não houve diferença estatística (p>0,05) entre os grupos. Assim, a dieta contendo feijão-comum como fonte protéica causou aumento do peso de todos os órgãos estudados e do comprimento do intestino delgado e a dieta de caseína acrescida de 15,0% de fibras dietéticas e amido resistente causou aumento no peso do pâncreas
Abstract: The consumption of the cooked common bean is associated to trophic effect in the small intestine, in the liver and pancreas. The low digestibility and biological value of the bean proteins and the dietetic fibers are major factors for this effect, causing increase of weight in the liver and the pancreas. Thus, the present study was made in order to quantify the digestive organs enlargement (liver, pancreas and small intestine) of rats fed diets with increasing additions of 5.0% (control group), 10.0%, 12.5% and 15.0% of dietetic fibers and resistant starch to the diets containing casein as protein source, with the same proportion of insoluble, soluble and resistant starch found in the beans (8: 3: 1). The diet containing cooked common bean as protein source contained 11.9% of dietetic fibers and 1.0% of resistant starch. Sixty male growing rats of the Wistar strain with 21 to 23 days-old were randomly divided in 6 groups. The animals had free access to water and food during the 14 days of biological assay (4 days of adaptation and 10 of experiment). Groups maintained on the common bean diet and casein diet with increasing addition of dietetic fibers showed an enlargement of small intestine, liver and pancreas as compared (p<0.05) to the rats fed the casein diet (control group), with an increase in the length and weight of the small intestine and in the liver and pancreas weight of: 47.12%, 33.42%, 25.14% e 50.00% respectively, for rats fed the common bean diet (CB) and 21.43% for the rats fed the casein plus 15.0% of dietetic fibers and resistant starch (C15.0%). In relation to small intestine thickness, there was no statistical differences (p>0.05) among the groups. Diet containing cooked common bean as protein source increased organs weight and the small intestine length and the casein diet with 15.0% of dietetic fibers and resistant starch increased the pancreas weight
Mestrado
Nutrição Experimental e Aplicada à Tecnologia de Alimentos
Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição
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Linde, Niklas. "Characterization of Hydrogeological Media Using Electromagnetic Geophysics." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5912.
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Radio magnetotellurics (RMT), crosshole ground penetrating radar (GPR), and crosshole electrical resistance tomography (ERT) were applied in a range of hydrogeological applications where geophysical data could improve hydrogeological characterization. A profile of RMT data collected over highly resistive granite was used to map subhorizontal fracture zones below 300m depth, as well as a steeply dipping fracture zone, which was also observed on a coinciding seismic reflection profile. One-dimensional inverse modelling and 3D forward modelling with displacement currents included were necessary to test the reliability of features found in the 2D models, where the forward models did not include displacement currents and only lower frequencies were considered. An inversion code for RMT data was developed and applied to RMT data with azimuthal electrical anisotropy signature collected over a limestone formation. The results indicated that RMT is a faster and more reliable technique for studying electrical anisotropy than are azimuthal resistivity surveys. A new sequential inversion method to estimate hydraulic conductivity fields using crosshole GPR and tracer test data was applied to 2D synthetic examples. Given careful surveying, the results indicated that regularization of hydrogeological inverse problems using geophysical tomograms might improve models of hydraulic conductivity. A method to regularize geophysical inverse problems using geostatistical models was developed and applied to crosshole ERT and GPR data collected in unsaturated sandstone. The resulting models were geologically more reasonable than models where the regularization was based on traditional smoothness constraints. Electromagnetic geophysical techniques provide an inexpensive data source in estimating qualitative hydrogeological models, but hydrogeological data must be incorporated to make quantitative estimation of hydrogeological systems feasible.
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Wenceslau, Camilla Ferreira. "Efeito da administração crônica a longo prazo de ouabaína sobre a pressão arterial e a reatividade vascular de artérias mesentéricas de resistência de rato: possíveis mecanismos envolvidos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-03062008-124025/.
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A ouabaína (OUA) promoveu hipertensão arterial (HA) após 5, 10 e 20 semanas de tratamento e modificou a função vascular de artérias mesentéricas de resistência (AMR). O tratamento por 5 semanas com OUA aumentou o óxido nítrico (NO) e a expressão protéica da isoforma neuronal de óxido nítrico (nNOS), ao passo que diminuiu os prostanóides vasoconstritores. Além disso, reduziu a expressão protéica da Cu-Zn superóxido dismutase (SOD) e aumentou a atividade funcional da Na+K+-ATPase. Já o tratamento por 10 semanas com OUA aumentou NO e prostanóides vasodilatadores, enquanto diminuiu a expressão protéica da nNOS e da COX-2. O tratamento por 20 semanas reduziu o NO e a expressão protéica da nNOS. Porém, aumentou o ânion superóxido, o tromboxano A2 e a expressão protéica de ambas: a SOD e a COX-2. Em conclusão, o tratamento com OUA promoveu HA e alterações funcionais em AMR, sendo estas dependentes do tempo analisado, pois no tratamento durante 5 e 10 semanas estas alterações não contribuem para a manutenção da HA, enquanto que o tratamento durante 20 semanas contribui.Ouabain treatment (OUA) developed hypertension after 5, 10 and 20 weeks and modified the vascular function in mesenteric resistance arteries (MRA). 5-weeks treatment with OUA increased nitric oxide (NO) and neuronal isoform of nitric oxide (nNOS) protein expression. On the other side, this treatment reduced vasoconstrictors prostanoids. Besides decreased Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein expression and increased functional activity of Na+K+-ATPase. 10-weeks treatment enhance NO and vasodilators prostanoids but reduced both nNOS and COX-2 protein expression. 20-weeks treatment reduced NO and nNOS protein expression. Nevertheless increased anion superoxide, tromboxan A2 and both SOD and COX-2 protein expression. In conclusion, OUA treatment induced HA and functional alterations in MRA that are time-dependents, because in 5 and 10 weeks of treatment these alterations are not likely to maintenance of HA, but the changes observed in the treatment during 20 weeks contributes.
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Silva, Amaro Ilídio Vespasiano 1985. "Avaliação da microarquitetura e resistência óssea em ratos submetidos à dieta diária de café e refrigerantes à base de cola e guaraná : Evaluation of microarchitecture and bone resistance in mice with daily diet of coffe and soft drinks based in coke and guarana." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289560.
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Orientador: Lourenço Correr SobrinhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo neste estudo foi investigar e comparar os efeitos da dieta de café e refrigerantes à base de cola e guaraná sobre a microarquitetura e resistência óssea em ratos. Foram utilizados 80 ratos (Rattus norvegicus, Albinus Wistar), sendo 40 machos e 40 fêmeas, distribuídos em 8 grupos experimentais que receberam água (grupos controles), refrigerantes à base de cola, guaraná e café ad libitum. Ao término dos 48 dias de administração das substâncias, todos os animais foram sacrificados e o fêmur direito coletado para análise por microtomografia computadorizada e ensaio de resistência à flexão de três pontos. Após tabulação dos dados e análise estatística (ANOVA), foi observado alteração na microarquitetura óssea nos seguintes parâmetros analisados pela microtomografia computadorizada: volume de tecido (TV), volume ósseo (BV), superfície de tecido (TS), superfície óssea (BS), número de trabéculas ósseas (Tb.N), espessura das trabéculas ósseas (Tb.Th), volume de poros fechados (Po.V(cl)) e Volume de poros abertos (Po.V(op)) além de alterações na resistência óssea nas fêmeas. Concluiu-se que A ingestão das substâncias avaliadas causou alteração na microarquitetura óssea, levando a um aumento dos parâmetros de volume, tanto ósseo quanto de tecido. Porém, o consumo de refrigerante à base de guaraná e de café reduziram a microarquitetura trabecular; além disso, a ingestão de café e de refrigerante à base de cola aumentou o risco à fratura óssea nas fêmeas
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of daily diet of coffee and soft drinks based in coke and guarana over the microarchitecture and bone strength in rats. 80 rats ( Rattus norvegicus, Albinus Wistar ) were used, 40 males and 40 females, divided into 8 experimental groups that received water (control groups), coke and guarana and coffe ad libitum. At the end of the 30 days of administration of substances, all animals were sacrificed and the right femur collected for analysis by computerized microtomography and testing flexion module of three points. After tabulating the data and statistical analysis (ANOVA), was observed changes in the bone microarchitecture in the following parameters assessed by computed microtomography: tissue volume (TV), bone volume (BV), tissue surface (TS), bone surface (BS), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), volume of closed pores (Po.V(cl)) and volume of open pores (Po.V(op)), also changes in bone strength in females . It was concluded that ingestion of substances evaluated caused change in bone microarchitecture, leading to an increase in volume parameters, both bone as tissue. However, the consumption of coolant based on guarana and coffee reduced trabecular microarchitecture; Furthermore, ingestion of coffee and cola soft drink to increased risk of bone fracture in females
Doutorado
Radiologia Odontologica
Doutor em Radiologia Odontológica
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Yildirim, Egemen. "Development Of Multi-layered Circuit Analog Radar Absorbing Structures." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614314/index.pdf.
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A fast and efficient method for the design of multi-layered circuit analog absorbing structures is developed. The method is based on optimization of specular reflection coefficient of a multi-layered absorbing structure comprising of lossy FSS layers by using Genetic Algorithm and circuit equivalent models of FSS layers. With the introduced method, two illustrative absorbing structures are designed with -15 dB reflectivity for normal incidence case in the frequency bands of 10-31 GHz and 5-46 GHz, respectively. To the author&rsquos knowledge, designed absorbers are superior in terms of frequency bandwidth to similar studies conducted so far in the literature. For broadband scattering characterization of periodic structures, numerical codes are developed. The introduced method is improved with the employment of developed FDTD codes to the proposed method. By taking the limitations regarding production facilities into consideration, a five-layered circuit analog absorber is designed and manufactured. It is shown that the manufactured structure is capable of 15 dB reflectivity minimization in a frequency band of 3.2-12 GHz for normal incidence case with an overall thickness of 14.2 mm.
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Dedieu, Alain. "Exploration des modifications post-traductionnelles des protéines : nouvelles approches et nouveaux modèles biologiques." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON13516/document.
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L'étude des modifications post-traductionnelles a connu au cours des dernières années un regain d'intérêt notable. Tout d'abord car elle s'effectue aujourd'hui au travers d'approches basées sur la spectrométrie de masse, technique qui pendant cette période a connu de profonds bouleversements, conduisant à des études plus aisées et systématiques.Mais aussi car tant par leur variété que par le rôle qu'elles jouent dans la vie et la régulation cellulaire, ces modifications ne peuvent plus être négligées. Par ailleurs au cours de ces quinze dernières années, nous avons assisté concernant les procaryotes à un changement total de paradigme. En effet à la fin des années 90, l'idée dominante était que ces modifications pouvaient exister chez ceux-ci mais de façon très partielle et/ou très particulière.Dans ce travail, les divers degrés d'iodation de la tyrosine ont été sondés par une approche de type «shotgun » sur un organe entier, la thyroïde de souris. L'efficacité de ce type d'approche démontrée, les modifications post-traductionnelles potentiellement présentes dans des organismes modèles radiorésistants, la bactérie Deinococcus deserti et l'archée Thermococcus gammatolerans ont été analysées. Dans le premier cas, les données de protéomique montrent que de nombreuses acétylations N-terminales portent sur un motif spécifique (essentiellement des thréonines et sérines), cas très atypique pour une bactérie. Chez Thermococcus gammatolerans les acétylations N-terminales sont rares, mais la présence d'acétylations sur les chaînes latérales des lysines est notable. La présence de phosphorylations sur ces mêmes protéines, laisse entrevoir un possible phénomène de « cross talk » entre les lysines acétylées et les sérines et/ou thréonines phosphorylées.Ici, nous démontrons que la complexité du protéome chez les procaryotes par le biais des MPT est bien réelle et que de possibles interdépendances entre MPT mériteraient un regard nouveauRecently, the study of post-translational modifications has greatly evolved, mainly because of crucial progresses in mass spectrometry methodology which have allowed high-throughput, high resolution analysis. Their variety and their role in the regulation of key molecular mechanisms are increasingly documented. In this work, the different degrees of iodination of tyrosine were probed with a "shotgun" approach carried out from an entire organ, the mice thyroid. Post-translational modifications present in two radioresistant organism models, the bacterium Deinococcus deserti and the archaeon Thermococcus gammatolerans, were analyzed. The large scale exploration of N-terminal acetylation in D. deserti indicates a specific pattern of this modification on serine and threonine, as well as an atypical, high propension to acetylation with 50% of modified N-termini. In T. gammatolerans, N-terminal acetylation is rare, but the presence of acetylation on lysine side chains is significant. The presence of phosphorylation on these proteins suggests a potential "cross talk" between the acetylated lysine and phosphorylated serine or threonine residues. This work demonstrates that the complexity of the proteome in prokaryotes through post-translational modifications is higher than expected when extremophiles are scrutinized compared to classical prokaryote models. Interdependencies between post-translational modifications definitively deserve a fresher look
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Hullo, Marie. "Place des nanoparticules pour lutter contre la radio-résistance du cancer du sein : impact de l’hétérogénéité tumorale Gold Nanoparticle Uptake in Tumor Cells: Quantification and Size Distribution by sp-ICPMS . Radiation Enhancer Effect of Platinum Nanoparticles: Experimental in Vitrolimits Andrelevant Physical Chemical Simulation." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASL004.
Full textAbstract:
L’utilisation de nanoparticules de haut numéro atomique pour potentialiser les effets de la radiothérapie fait l’objet de nombreux travaux de recherches. Historiquement, l’intérêt porté à ces nanoparticules repose sur un principe d’action physique : en densifiant la matière, les nanoparticules localisées dans une tumeur augmentent localement la probabilité d’interaction des rayonnements ionisants avec celle-ci. L’augmentation de la dose délivrée localement serait alors associée à un stress oxydatif et à une augmentation des lésions de l’ADN. Ainsi la radio-sensibilisation liée aux nanoparticules permettrait d’une part de lutter contre la radio-résistance et d’autre part d’améliorer l’index thérapeutique. La radiothérapie constitue l’un des piliers du traitement du cancer du sein. Néanmoins, les tumeurs mammaires sont hétérogènes et plusieurs sous populations coexistent avec des sensibilités différentes aux traitements. Les cellules souches cancéreuses (CSC) et le processus de transition épithélio-mésenchymateuses (TEM) contribuent principalement à cette hétérogénéité et confèrent aux cellules tumorales des propriétés de plasticité, de tumorogénicité et de résistance à la mort cellulaire. Dans le cas particulier du cancer du sein, les cellules issues de la TEM et les cellules souches cancéreuses partagent un même phénotype surfacique caractérisé par la perte d’expression de la protéine membranaire CD24 et la surexpression de CD44. Ce travail de thèse vise à évaluer l’efficacité de nanoparticules métalliques de nature (or, platine), de taille (5 à 35 nm) et de charges (positives, négatives) différentes comme agents potentialisateurs des effets de l’irradiation sur des modèles de tumeurs mammaires aux statuts épithélio-mésenchymateux différents. Face à la difficulté à mettre en évidence un effet biologique significatif du double traitement in vitro, j’ai cherché à comprendre quels paramètres physiques, chimiques et biologiques sont nécessaires pour observer l’effet radiosensibilisant. L’un des principaux enjeux a été de parvenir à une bonne diffusion des nanoparticules au sein des tumeurs. Pour comprendre les mécanismes, nous avons comparé la réponse transcriptomique de cellules cancéreuses mammaires, au fond génétique commun mais de phénotype épithélial ou mésenchymateux (triées selon leur niveau d’expression CD24/CD44), exposées à un groupe de nanoparticules de composition physico-chimique différente de manière à s’affranchir d’un l’effet qui serait spécifique à une nanoparticule. L’analyse du transcriptome souligne l’importance des structures membranaires et extracellulaires dans la reconnaissance et l’interaction préférentielle des nanoparticules avec les cellules mésenchymateuses. Ces résultats sont d’autant plus importants que l’identification de gènes et de mécanismes clés favorisant l’accumulation de nanoparticules dans les cellules cancéreuses les plus résistantes aux traitements devrait permettre d’améliorer la conception de nouvelles nanoparticules à haut potentiel thérapeutiqueThe use of high-Z nanoparticles to enhance radiotherapy effects has gained momentum over the last decade. Historically, as nanoparticles increase tumor density, they were thought to improve radiation dose by locally increasing the probability of interactions with ionizing radiations. Local dose enhancement is then associated with increased oxidative stress and DNA damage. Therefore, radiosensitization with nanoparticles could impair radioresistance as well as improve therapeutic index. Radiotherapy is a cornerstone of breast cancer treatment. However, mammary tumors are heterogeneous and comprise distinct populations of cancer cells that respond differently to treatments. Cancer stem cells (CSC) and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) are major factors contributing to cancer cells plasticity, tumor heterogeneity, and escape from programmed cell death (apoptosis). In breast cancer, both CSC and cells undergoing EMT are characterized by the expression of two surface markers CD24 and CD44 (CD24-/low, CD44 high). This work aims to evaluate the efficiency of high-Z nanoparticles of different nature (gold, platinum), different size (from 5 to 35 nm) and different surface charge (positive and negative) as potent radiosensitizer on several breast cancer models of different epithelial or mesenchymal state. As no significant change could initially be observed in vitro following the combination of nanoparticles with radiation compared to radiation alone, I gain insight on the influence of physical, chemical and biological parameters required for characterizing radio-enhancement. Among them, I focused on improving the diffusion of nanoparticles and their internalization in tumor cells. I showed that nanoparticles uptake by breast cancer cells was depending on their mesenchymal state: nanoparticle internalization by cancer cells is dramatically increased in mesenchymal-like cancer cells compared to epithelial-like cells across a panel of several breast cancer cell lines. Importantly this discrepancy was not affected by the charge, size or surface chemistry of the nanoparticles themselves. This strongly suggests a cell-dependent mechanism, in opposition to the current paradigm that nanoparticles uptake is mainly governed by their inherent physical/chemical properties. This study emphasized the importance of membrane and extracellular structures in nanoparticle recognition and preferential interaction with cells. Our results are of peculiar interests as the identification of genes or mechanisms facilitating nanoparticles accumulation into radioresistant cancer cells could further conception of promising therapeutic nanoparticles
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Butt, Munam. "Systemization of RFID Tag Antenna Design Based on Optimization Techniques and Impedance Matching Charts." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23064.
Full textAbstract:
The performance of commercial Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags is primarily limited by present techniques used for tag antenna design. Currently, industry techniques rely on identifying the RFID tag application (books, clothing, etc.) and then building antenna prototypes of different configurations in order to satisfy minimum read range requirements. However, these techniques inherently lack an electromagnetic basis and are unable to provide a low cost solution to the tag antenna design process. RFID tag performance characteristics (read-range, chip-antenna impedance matching, surrounding environment) can be very complex, and a thorough understanding of the RFID tag antenna design may be gained through an electromagnetic approach in order to reduce the tag antenna size and the overall cost of the RFID system. The research presented in this thesis addresses RFID tag antenna design process for passive RFID tags. With the growing number of applications (inventory, supply-chain, pharmaceuticals, etc), the proposed RFID antenna design process demonstrates procedures to design tag antennas for such applications. Electrical/geometrical properties of the antennas designed were investigated with the help of computer electromagnetic simulations in order to achieve optimal tag performance criteria such as read range, chip-impedance matching, antenna efficiency, etc. Experimental results were performed on the proposed antenna designs to compliment computer simulations and analytical modelling.
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Hussaini, Sheena. "Integrated Magnetic Components for RF Applications." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1431951933.
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Romon, François. "Les écoutes radioélectriques et les services techniques des Transmissions dans la Résistance française, 1940-1945 : le Groupement des contrôles radioélectriques (GCR), le Service des transmissions nationales (STN) et le « Groupe Romon » du Service de renseignements (SR) Alliance." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040034.
Full textAbstract:
Une forme de résistance spécifique et méconnue : la continuation du combat contre l’envahisseur allemand menée au sein des services techniques des Transmissions de l’armée française, notamment du Groupement des contrôles radioélectriques (GCR), dès le lendemain de l’armistice de juin 1940, et poursuivie jusqu’à la victoire finale. Une résistance initiée par des officiers des Transmissions au coeur même des institutions de l’Etat français, consistant à communiquer secrètement du renseignement militaire aux Forces alliées. Cette résistance latente débouche, après novembre 1942, sur une résistance active par la formation d’un réseau clandestin, le Service des transmissions nationales (STN), sous l’égide de NAP-PTT, puis sur son intégration, en octobre 1943, sous le nom de « Groupe Romon », au réseau Alliance, ainsi que sur l’entrée de nombreux opérateurs radio du GCR dans divers autres réseaux de résistance.Le cas d’une résistance intérieure, qui a contribué efficacement à la victoire finale des Forces alliées, malgré une répression systématique et féroce de l’occupantA specific and hardly known way of resistance: the continuation of the fight against the german invader led within the technical services of Transmissions of French army, especially the Groupement des contrôles radioélectriques (GCR), the Radio control Group, immediatly after the armistice of June 1940 and carried on until the final victory. A resistance at the initiative of Transmission officers, which, at the heart of the institutions of the Etat français, French State, have secretly communicated military intelligence to the allied Forces. This latent resistance leads, after november 1942, up to an active resistance by the implementation of a clandestine network, the Service des transmissions nationales (STN), the National Transmissions Service, under the aegis of NAP-PTT, then to its integration, in october 1943, under the name « Groupe Romon », to the resistance network Alliance, as well as the commitment of numerous GCR transmitters in various other resistance networks.The case of a resistance from the inside which has effectively contributed to the final victory of the Allied, despite a systematic and ferocious repression from the occupant
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Lin, Chun-Ju, and 林俊儒. "Single Cell Resistance Measurement by Resistance Ratio to Voltage Conversion Techniques." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4skft9.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電機工程學系
108
This thesis utilizes charge resdistribution and Ohm’s law to derive the resistance ratio of single cell to PBS solution. There are two DUTs, PBS solution and single cell, in this constructure. A precharged capacitor releases charge into the two DUTs simultaneously. The currents flowing through the two DUTs charge the two feedback capacitors respectively. This results in two voltages related to the resistance ratio of the two DUTs. Afterwards, the difference of the voltages are transformed into digital code with SAR ADC to let the users calculate the resistance ratio readily. The advantage of accomplishing resistance ratio to voltage conversion through capacitors sharing is that the conversion voltage is always in the same order of magnitude despite the huge resistance differentiation between two DUTs. Furthermore, indirectly deriving the resistance from ratio relieves the measuring range from the constraint of absolute resistance. This architecture is also free from DC current. Therefore, the power dissipation is lowered. Utilizing charge-sharing SAR ADC decreases the area of capacitor array and the usage of reference voltages. Furthermore, charge sharing consumes no power, which reduces power dissipation further. This chip adopts UMC CMOS 0.18um process. The supply voltage is 1.8V. The operational frequency is 500kHz. The area is 0.977×0.980mm2. The power dissipation is 2mW. At the different process corners, the measurement error is less than 2.21%.
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Jiang, Ya-Syuan, and 江雅瑄. "Effect of Tetraethoxysilane/Hexamethyldisilazane Ratio on The Water Resistance of Superhydrophobic Coating." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68989666770931823374.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
材料科技研究所
102
Tetraethoxysilane/ hexamethyldisilazane with molar ratio of 1/1-1/2 was used to synthesize superhydrophobic slo gel, and then spin-coated on a glass substrate. Heat treatment of 200℃2 h (I) was conducted. After cooling down of the specimen, additional treatments of 200℃24 h (II), put the specimen at a positive (III) or negative (IV) electrode with an electric field of 1000 V/cm for 24 h were performed. Average water contact angle (WCA) of specimen I is about 150˚, specimens from the other three kinds have slightly lower WCA. After water impact test of 2h, WCA of specimen I with molar ratio of 1/1.4 is 135.45±0.65˚. Specimens from the other three kinds have better droplets rolling than specimen I at molar ratio of 1/1.6-1/2. Specimen with molar ratio of 1/1.8 from additional heat treatment of 200℃24 h has WCA of 135.90±1.11˚ and the best droplets rolling among all specimens.
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Shieh, Lin Chieh, and 謝令傑. "A Study of Flat-Plate Pulsating Heat Pipe Optimal Filling Ratio and Spreading Resistance Measurements." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p69e77.
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Lay, Yiing-Fang, and 賴穎芳. "The Effect of Stress Ratio on the Relationship Between Maximum Shear Modulus and Liquefaction Resistance." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35634522162819874232.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程技術學系
81
Resonant column tests, undrained monotonic and cyclic torsional shear tests, and triaxial compre- ssion tests were performed by using quasi-static torsional simple shear／resonant column apparatus and triaxial test apparatus on remoded samples of Taipei silty sand to study the effects of different fines content, sample preparation methods, strain rate, and anisotropic consolidation on steady state line. The effects of stress ratio σ1'／σ3' on maximum shear modulus, liquefaction resistance and the relationship between maximum shear modulus and liquefaction resistance were also investigated. Test results showed the effect of stress ratioσ1'／σ3' on liquefaction resistance depends on the definition of liquefaction resistance. If the defination of liquefaction resistance is τ／συ' then the liquefaction resistance would decrease with increasing stress ratio. If the defination of liquefaction resistance is τ／σmc'(σmc'=(σmc'=(σ1'+σ2'+ σ3')／3) then the effect of stress ratio on liquefactionresistance is not siginificat. The effect of stress ratio σ1'／σ3' on the relationship between maximum shear modulus and li- quefaction resistance τ／συ' is siginificat. For each stress ratio the relationship between max- imum shear modulus and liquefaction resistance τ／συ' is uniqne and linear.
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Brodhagen, Marion L. "Expression of secondary metabolites following manipulations of the C:N ratio in spotted knapweed, Centaurea maculosa Lam." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33560.
Full textAbstract:
Spotted knapweed, Centaurea maculosa Lam. (Compositae) is an extremely
successful introduced weed species in the northwestern United States. Multiple factors
may be responsible for its success, including chemical defense. Two different types of
putative chemical defense agents are the focus of this thesis. The first is a bitter-tasting
sesquiterpene lactone, cnicin, which occurs at high concentrations in foliar tissues; the
second is a group of polyacetylenic compounds produced in the roots. This study
represents the first designation of structural identities to polyacetylenic compounds from
North American populations of C. maculosa. Both cnicin and polyacetylenic compounds
have demonstrated biological activity, suggesting roles in chemical defense. In order to
test predictions of chemical defense hypotheses for this plant, concentrations of cnicin
and polyacetylenes were measured in a greenhouse experiment in response to varying soil
nitrogen and light availability. Light and soil nitrogen availability were important in
determining concentrations and content of cnicin, whereas polyacetylene concentrations
were not significantly affected by differences in these environmental parameters. Cnicin concentrations were also measured in a field experiment in response to varying levels of
soil nitrogen and water. No significant differences in cnicin concentrations were
observed among treatments in either young (rosette-stage) or mature aerial tissues.Graduation date: 1999