Relevant bibliographies by topics / Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 26 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)"

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Liu, Dingjia, Ruina Jiao, Chunshui Sun, and Yong Wang. "Effects of Substrates on the Performance of Pt Thin-Film Resistance Temperature Detectors." Coatings 14, no. 8 (2024): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14080969.

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Pt thin-film resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) have been fabricated by magnetron sputtering on various substrates, including silica, polyimide (PI) and LaAlO3 (LAO) (100) single crystal. The influences of different substrates on the performance of Pt thin-film RTDs have been studied. It is revealed that the substrates exhibit a significant dependence on the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR). Silica, PI and LAO substrates yield TCRs of 3.2 × 10−3, 2.7 × 10−3 and 3.4 × 10−3 /K, respectively. The Pt thin-film RTDs on LAO substrate exhibit a significantly larger TCR, compared to most of the other reported values. These devices also demonstrate a fast response time of 680 μs, which is shorter than that of many other reported RTDs. Furthermore, Pt thin-film RTDs on PI substrates could serve as flexible detectors, maintaining a consistent linear relationship between resistance and temperature even when bent.
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Nam, Vu Binh, and Daeho Lee. "Evaluation of Ni-Based Flexible Resistance Temperature Detectors Fabricated by Laser Digital Pattering." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3 (2021): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030576.

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Temperature sensors are ubiquitous in every field of engineering application since temperature control is vital in operating, testing and monitoring various equipment systems. Herein, we introduce a facile and rapid laser digital patterning (LDP) process to fabricate low-cost, Ni-based flexible resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). Ni-based RTDs are directly generated on a thin flexible polyimide substrate (thickness: 50 µm) by laser-induced reductive sintering of a solution-processed nonstoichiometric nickel oxide (NiOx) nanoparticle thin film under ambient conditions. The shape of RTDs can be easily adjusted by controlling computer-aided design (CAD) data without using the physical patterning mask while the sensitivity (temperature coefficient of resistance (α) ~ 3.52 × 10−3 °C−1) of the sensors can be maintained regardless of shape and size of the sensor electrodes. The flexible Ni-based RTDs can operate over a wide temperature range up to 200 °C with excellent repeatability. Additionally, the Ni-based RTDs respond quickly to the temperature change and can operate in corrosive environments including water and seawater. Moreover, the Ni-based RTDs show a superior mechanical and electrical stability with a negligible resistance change up to a radius of curvature of 1.75 mm. Finally, a tape-pull test demonstrates the robust adhesion of Ni-based RTDs on the substrate.
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Lee, Youngjun, and Young Sam Lee. "A New Submersion Detection Sensor Using Two Resistance Temperature Detectors Operating on the Thermal Equilibrium Principle." Sensors 19, no. 19 (2019): 4310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194310.

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In this study, a new submersion detection sensor with improved reliability and stability is proposed. The new sensor uses two Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) and operates on the thermal equilibrium principle. The submersion detection sensor controls two RTDs that maintain a constant temperature difference between them in the surrounding environment. The first RTD is used as a reference sensor to measure ambient temperature and the second RTD is supplied with higher current than the reference sensor for self-heating. When submerged, because the thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficient of water are higher than that of air, the temperature difference between the two RTDs is lower in water than in air based on the thermal equilibrium principle. Under these conditions, a submersion detector with a signal conditioning circuit detects these temperature differences. The static performance of the proposed sensor was evaluated by checking whether malfunctions occurred at varying ambient temperatures, differing humidities, and when there was rainfall. In addition, the dynamic performance was evaluated using the response time at varying ambient air temperatures before submersion and with changing water temperatures after submersion, as a metric. The proposed submersion detection sensor is expected to find useful application in aircrafts, ships, and various other industrial fields.
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Ahmad, Salman, Khalid Rahman, Taqi Ahmad Cheema, Muhammad Shakeel, Arshad Khan, and Amine Bermak. "Fabrication of Low-Cost Resistance Temperature Detectors and Micro-Heaters by Electrohydrodynamic Printing." Micromachines 13, no. 9 (2022): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13091419.

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EHD printing is an advanced deposition technology that is commonly utilized for the direct manufacture of electrical devices. In this study, meander-type resistive electrodes consisting of silver nanoparticles were printed directly on rigid glass and flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. High-resolution patterns of ≈50 µm linewidth were successfully printed on untreated surfaces utilizing a bigger nozzle of 100 µm inner diameter after improving the experimental settings. The manufactured electrodes were evaluated and used as Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) and micro-heaters in a systematic manner. The temperature sensors performed well, with a Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity (TCRs) of 11.5 ×10−3/°C and 13.3 ×10−3/°C, for glass and PET substrates, respectively, throughout a wide temperature range of 100 °C and 90 °C. Furthermore, the RTDs had a quick response and recovery time, as well as minimal hysteresis. The electrodes’ measured sensitivities as micro-heaters were 3.3 °C/V for glass and 6.8 °C/V for PET substrates, respectively. The RTDs were utilized for signal conditioning in a Wheatstone bridge circuit with a self-heating temperature of less than 1 °C as a practical demonstration. The micro-heaters have a lot of potential in the field of soft wearable electronics for biomedical applications, while the extremely sensitive RTDs have a lot of potential in industrial situations for temperature monitoring.
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Chen, Andrew, Hsuan-Yu Chen, and Chiachung Chen. "A Software Improvement Technique for Platinum Resistance Thermometers." Instruments 4, no. 2 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments4020015.

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Temperature measurement is essential in industries. The advantages of resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) are high sensitivity, repeatability, and long-term stability. The measurement performance of this thermometer is of concern. The connection between RTDs and a novel microprocessor system provides a new method to improve the performance of RTDs. In this study, the adequate piecewise sections and the order of polynomial calibration equations were evaluated. Systematic errors were found when the relationship between temperature and resistance for PT-1000 data was expressed using the inverse Callendar-Van Dusen equation. The accuracy of these calibration equations can be improved significantly with two piecewise equations in different temperature ranges. Two datasets of the resistance of PT-1000 sensors in the range from 0 °C to 50 °C were measured. The first dataset was used to establish adequate calibration equations with regression analysis. In the second dataset, the prediction temperatures were calculated by these previously established calibration equations. The difference between prediction temperatures and the standard temperature was used as a criterion to evaluate the prediction performance. The accuracy and precision of PT-1000 sensors could be improved significantly with adequate calibration equations. The accuracy and precision were 0.027 °C and 0.126 °C, respectively. The technique developed in this study could be used for other RTD sensors and/or different temperature ranges.
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Hai, Zhenyin, Zhixuan Su, Kaibo Zhu, Yue Pan, and Suying Luo. "Printed Thick Film Resistance Temperature Detector for Real-Time Tube Furnace Temperature Monitoring." Sensors 24, no. 10 (2024): 2999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24102999.

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Accurately acquiring crucial data on tube furnaces and real-time temperature monitoring of different temperature zones is vital for material synthesis technology in production. However, it is difficult to achieve real-time monitoring of the temperature field of tube furnaces with existing technology. Here, we proposed a method to fabricate silver (Ag) resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) based on a blade-coating process directly on the surface of a quartz ring, which enables precise positioning and real-time temperature monitoring of tube furnaces within 100–600 °C range. The Ag RTDs exhibited outstanding electrical properties, featuring a temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of 2854 ppm/°C, an accuracy of 1.8% FS (full scale), and a resistance drift rate of 0.05%/h over 6 h at 600 °C. These features ensured accurate and stable temperature measurement at high temperatures. For demonstration purposes, an array comprising four Ag RTDs was installed in a tube furnace. The measured average temperature gradient in the central region of the tube furnace was 5.7 °C/mm. Furthermore, successful real-time monitoring of temperature during the alloy sintering process revealed approximately a 20-fold difference in resistivity for silver-palladium alloys sintered at various positions within the tubular furnace. The proposed strategy offers a promising approach for real-time temperature monitoring of tube furnaces.
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Sousa, Paulo J., Vânia C. Pinto, Vitor H. Magalhães, Raquel O. Rodrigues, Patrícia C. Sousa, and Graça Minas. "Development of Highly Sensitive Temperature Microsensors for Localized Measurements." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (2021): 3864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11093864.

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This paper presents the design, fabrication and characterization of temperature microsensors based on Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) with a meander-shaped geometry. Numerical simulations were performed for studying the sensitivity of the RTDs according to their windings numbers as well as for optimizing their layout. These RTDs were fabricated using well-established microfabrication and photolithographic techniques. The fabricated sensors feature high sensitivity (0.3542 mV/°C), linearity and reproducibility in a temperature range of 35 to 45 °C. Additionally, each sensor has a small size with a strong potential for their integration in microfluidic devices, as organ-on-a-chip, allowing the possibility for in-situ monitoring the physiochemical properties of the cellular microenvironment.
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Hwang, Inkoo, Sewoo Cheon, and Wonman Park. "Consideration Factors in Application of Thermocouple Sensors for RCS Temperature Instrumentation." EPJ Web of Conferences 225 (2020): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022503005.

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Because of harsh radiated environmental conditions, it is necessary to use thermocouples (TCs) in the temperature instrumentation channels of a reactor coolant system (RCS) in an integrated pressurized water reactor vessel. Conventionally, resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) have been adopted for RCS temperature measurement. Therefore, we have conducted an analysis and review of instrumentation error factors in the measurement circuits of RTD and TC sensors to specify the influence on measurement accuracy for application of TCs instead of RTDs for RCS temperature instrumentation. From the review and analysis results, it is anticipated that a measurement accuracy deterioration would be an issue and that a drift range should be investigated for the anticipated operational temperature conditions.
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Ghaly, Sidi M. Ahmed. "LabVIEW Based Implementation of Resistive Temperature Detector Linearization Techniques." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 4 (2019): 4530–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3370731.

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Resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) are highquality temperature sensors used for accurate temperature measurements and ideally suited for industrial applications, but their non-linearity is a serious drawback in temperature monitoring in which precise measurement and control are crucial. In this paper, two linearization techniques are implemented in LabVIEW environment involving voltage divider and feedback compensation circuits. The presented techniques considerably decrease the effects of non-linearity and may accommodate temperature variations).
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Vinay, Nagarad Dasavandi Krishnamurthy. "Advancements in Automotive Temperature Sensing: Technologies, Applications, and Smart Sensor Integration." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 8, no. 10 (2021): 91–95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12771189.

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Temperature sensors are essential components in modern automotive systems, contributing significantly to vehicle performance, safety, and efficiency. This paper provides an extensive overview of temperature sensors used in automotive applications, encompassing their types, functions, and applica- tions. The types of temperature sensors commonly employed in automotive systems include thermistors, thermocouples, resis- tance temperature detectors (RTDs), and infrared devices. Each sensor type offers distinct advantages and is suited to specific temperature ranges and applications. For instance, thermocou- ples excel in high-temperature environments, while RTDs provide accurate and stable measurements across a wide temperature range. Various automotive temperature sensors, such as coolant temperature sensors, intake air temperature sensors, and exhaust gas temperature sensors, play critical roles in engine performance optimization, emission control, and component protection. These sensors enable precise monitoring of temperature parameters, facilitating efficient engine operation and prolonging the lifespan of vehicle components. Moreover, the integration of ”smart sensor” technology enhances the functionality of automotive temperature sensors by incorporating electronic signal processing capabilities. Smart sensors offer features such as automatic gain control, dynamic threshold sensing, and digital output signals, improving sensor accuracy, reliability, and compatibility with communication networks. Furthermore, the paper discusses tem- perature sensor range and types used in automotive applications, highlighting the operational characteristics and applications of silicon IC sensors, thermistors, and RTDs. The comparative analysis of high-temperature sensors for exhaust monitoring applications underscores the superiority of RTDs in demanding environments.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)"

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Li, Jingkun. "Development of a Microfabricated Sensor Array for Oil Evaluation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1121283543.

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Rinzan, Mohamed Buhary. "Threshold extension of gallium arsenide/aluminum gallium arsenide terahetrz detectors and switching in heterostructures." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10102006-204618/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.<br>Title from title screen. Unil Perera, committee chair; Donald Edwards, Gennady Cymbaluyk, Mark Stockman, Nikolaus Dietz, Paul Wiita, committee members. Electronic text (348, 24-32 p. : ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 8, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-30, second sequence).
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Ait-Ali, Imene Feriel. "Développement et intégration de microcapteurs de pH et de température dans des dispositifs microfluidiques polymères." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10003/document.

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Afin de réaliser des dispositifs en polymère à forte valeur ajoutée, l'industrie de la plasturgie s'intéresse depuis quelques années à la convergence possible entre les microtechnologies et les méthodes industrielles de mise en oeuvre des polymères (le thermoformage et la thermo-injection). Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de cette thèse est de démontrer l'intérêt d'une approche à base de microtamponnage pour l'intégration de capteurs à base métallique dans des circuits microfluidiques en thermoplastique réalisés par thermoformage. Pour ces matériaux, cette approche apparait plus pertinente en terme de production de masse qu'une approche de photolithographie classique. Nous avons choisi de démontrer ce concept en étudiant l'intégration d'un capteur de pH et d'un capteur de température dans un système microfluidique en copolymère d'oléfine cyclique (COC) réalisé par thermoformage. En effet, la mesure de ces paramètres physico-chimiques est extrêmement répandue dans différents domaines d'application allant de la chimie à la biologie et à la médecine. Pour le capteur de pH, nous avons développé une couche sensible au pH à base d'oxyde d'iridium (IrOx) électrodéposé sur or. L'influence de différents paramètres (solution d'électrodépôt, méthode d'électrodéposition, nature du substrat métallique et son mode de préparation) sur la réponse au pH de ces couches a été étudiée. Nous avons ainsi pu démonter qu'une approche par microtamponnage passive est adaptée à la préparation de capteurs de pH sur un substrat en COC/Au ayant une sensibilité de -72 mV/pH et une durée de vie de 1 an. Pour le capteur de température, la solution retenue est basée sur le principe d'une thermorésistance. Les capteurs ont été élaborés en utilisant une approche par microtamponnage actif avec croissance d'une couche de nickel (dont l'épaisseur varie entre 0,2 et 5 μm) par métallisation autocatalytique sur polyimide. La dérive des capteurs est actuellement trop importante pour une application pratique. Finalement, des résultats préliminaires d'intégration de ces capteurs dans un microsystème fluidique thermoformé sont présentés avec notamment une configuration originale de mesure différentielle du pH<br>The plastics industry has been interested for some years in the possible convergence between microtechnologies and conventional polymer manufacturing (hot embossing and injection molding). In this context, this thesis aims at demonstrating the potential of a process based on microcontact printing in order to integrate metal based sensors in thermoplastic microfluidic devices shaped by hot embossing. For the mass production of thermoplastic devices, this approach appears more relevant than conventional photolithography. We chose to demonstrate this concept by investigating the integration of both a pH sensor and a temperature sensor in a thermoformed Cyclo Olefin Copolymer (COC) microfluidic system. Indeed, the measurement of these physicochemical parameters are extremely widespread in different applicative areas ranging from chemistry tobiology and medicine. For the pH sensor, we developed a pH-sensitive layer based on electrodeposited iridium oxide (IrOx) on Au. The influence of various parameters (plating solution and method , nature of the metal substrate and its method of preparation) on the pH response of these layers was studied. We were able to demonstrate that microcontact printing based on a passive approach is suitable for the preparation of pH sensors on a COC substrate with a sensitivity of -72 mV/pH and a 1 year lifetime. As regards the temperature sensor, the solution was to design a thermistor. Sensors were implemented with an approach based on active microcontact printing followed by electroless deposition of nickel (thickness varies between 0,2 and 5 μm) on polyimide. The drift of these sensors is too large for practical application. Finally, preliminary results presenting the integrating of these sensors in a fluidic microsystem are reported using an original configuration based on differential measurement of pH
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Books on the topic "Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)"

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M, Hashemian H., U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. Division of Engineering., and Analysis and Measurement Services Corporation., eds. Aging of nuclear plant resistance temperature detectors. Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1990.

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Randall, Caton, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Characterizing and testing a thermally isolating superconducting link for SAFIRE-like missions: Final report. Christopher Newport University, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)"

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Claggett, T. J., R. W. Worrall, W. A. Clayton, and B. G. Lipták. "Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)." In Temperature Measurement. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003063919-13.

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Dames, Chris. "Resistance Temperature Detectors." In Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics. Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5491-5_1354.

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Dames, Chris. "Resistance Temperature Detectors." In Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics. Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27758-0_1354-3.

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"Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)." In Measurement and Safety. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315370330-87.

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Chen, Deqi, Qianlong Zuo, Hao Wu, Haidong Liu, and Fenglei Niu. "Current Status and State-of-Art Developments in Temperature Sensor Technology." In Wireless Sensor Networks - Design, Applications and Challenges [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112877.

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Temperature is one of the seven base units of the physical world, and the temperature sensors have wide applications in the lives, research, and industries. This chapter presents a brief introduction on four classic types of temperature sensors, including thermometers, thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTD), and thermistors. These traditional temperature sensors have some limitations and are not suitable for dynamic measurements. To meet the demand for temperature measurement under various extreme and complex conditions, four advanced types of temperature sensors are introduced. The optical temperature sensors, including the infrared thermal imaging and laser temperature sensor, utilize the thermal radiation and are capable of measuring high-temperature objects without direct contact. The small and flexible fiber optic temperature sensors take advantage of the fact that the temperature plays a significant role in the optical transmission characteristics of the optical fiber, and it can be used in point, quasi-distributed, or distributed form. Acoustic temperature sensors measure the speed and frequency of the sound wave under different temperatures to obtain the temperature, and it is commonly used for health monitoring of complex structures. Furthermore, micro/nano temperature sensors are ideal for specific applications due to their small size, high sensitivity, and rapid response time.
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Childs, Peter R. N. "Resistance temperature detectors." In Practical Temperature Measurement. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-075065080-9/50006-x.

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Lacy, Fred. "Thin Film Resistance Temperature Detectors." In Smart Sensors for Industrial Applications. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14875-12.

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Ulin-Avila, Erick, and Juan Ponce-Hernandez. "Kalman Filter Estimation and Its Implementation." In Adaptive Filtering - Recent Advances and Practical Implementation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97406.

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In this chapter, we use the Kalman filter to estimate the future state of a system. We present the theory, design, simulation, and implementation of the Kalman filter. We use as a case example the estimation of temperature using a Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD), which has not been reported before. After a brief literature review, the theoretical analysis of a Kalman filter is presented along with that of the RTD. The dynamics of the RTD system are analytically derived and identified using Matlab. Then, the design of a time-varying Kalman filter using Matlab is presented. The solution to the Riccati equation is used to estimate the future state. Then, we implement the design using C-code for a microprocessor ATMega328. We show under what conditions the system may be simplified. In our case, we reduced the order of the system to that of a system having a 1st order response, that of an RC system, giving us satisfactory results. Furthermore, we can find two first order systems whose response defines two boundaries inside which the evolution of a second order system remains.
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S. Diarah, Reuben, Christian Osueke, Adefemi Adekunle, Segun Adebayo, Adedayo Banji Aaron, and Olaluyi Olawale Joshua. "Types of Temperature Sensors." In Wireless Sensor Networks - Design, Applications and Challenges. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110648.

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There are three main types of temperature sensors: thermometers, resistance temperature detectors and thermocouples. These sensors measure a physical property that changes as a function of temperature, and temperature sensors are classified into contact and non-contact sensors. Contact sensors detect the degree of hotness or coldness of an object when placed in direct contact with the object. It can be used to sense the degree of hotness or coldness in liquids, solids or gases in a wide range of temperatures. Contact temperature sensors include thermometers, thermocouples and thermistors. A thermometer detects the body temperature of human beings, and a thermocouple is a thermoelectrical thermometer that works on the principle of the Seebeck effect; they are cheap; hence, their model and basic materials are easy to get, and non-contact sensors are not placed in contact with the object that it measures; however, they measure the temperature by utilizing the radiation of the heat source. IR sensors detect the energy of an object remotely and emit a sign to an electronic circuit that senses the object’s temperature by a specific calibration diagram. Other types of temperature sensors are available and produced based on the working principle, size, temperature range and their function and application.
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Öner, Cihan. "4H-SiC Radiation Detectors: Properties and Detection Mechanisms." In 21. Yüzyılda Mühendislikte Çağdaş Araştırma Uygulamaları Üzerine Disiplinler Arası Çalışmalar IV. Özgür Yayınları, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub250.c1207.

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4H-SiC radiation detectors possess characteristics that make them suitable, for a range of critical applications. This chapter presents an overview of these detectors, including their material properties, manufacturing processes and application in different situation and environments. 4H-SiC polytype stand out compared to conventional materials used for radiation detection, especially in radiation-harsh and very high temperature environments due to its superior physical, electrical, optical, and thermal properties. With its wide bandgap, high radiation resistance and efficient charge transport mechanisms, 4H-SiC detectors are highly capable of accurately measuring different types of incident radiation. 4H-SiC Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBD) especially show great detection capability in detecting alpha particles but also show great promise in Thermal Neutron detection, and X-ray and Gamma ray detection. These detectors excel in areas such as spectral response, energy resolution, stability and reliability. As a result, 4H-SiC is slowly becoming a sought-out material in nuclear radiation detection, X-ray and gamma ray imaging, as well as medical imaging applications. Whether it is safeguarding against threats or enhancing industrial quality control or healthcare practices; 4H-SiC radiation detectors have the ability in tackling complex challenges, across various applications and environments which makes this semiconductor polytype a real candidate to take over conventional ionizing radiation detector materials place in various detection applications in the future.
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Conference papers on the topic "Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)"

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Wagner, Sage, and Matthew B. Salfer-Hobbs. "Turbulence strength detection with resistance temperature detectors (RTDs)." In Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans XIII, edited by David T. Wayne, Jaime A. Anguita, and Jeremy P. Bos. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3027068.

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Fukushima, H., J. H. Kaneko, Y. Matsubayashi, et al. "Prototyping and evaluation of electronic components with radiation resistance and high temperature operation for severe accidents." In 2024 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference (RTSD). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nss/mic/rtsd57108.2024.10656050.

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Duminica, Florin D., Muthu Karuppasamy, and Philippe Guaino. "Printed Thermal Sensors for Harsh Environment by Plasma Spray." In ITSC 2023. ASM International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2023p0316.

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Abstract Temperature sensors are critical components in many industrial and research applications, particularly in harsh environments where high temperatures, corrosion and mechanical stress are prevalent. In this paper, we investigate the use of plasma spray technique as a versatile and simple method to print thermocouples and Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) on metallic and ceramic substrates. The thermocouples based on NiCr-NiAl coatings were directly printed using thick metallic masks, while the RTD’s were structured using laser ablation. The manufacturing methods and the preliminary characterization of these temperature sensors are presented and discussed.
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Mokadem, Youssef, Sylvie Bégot, François Lanzetta, et al. "Influence of low temperature annealing on Nickel RTDs designed for heat flux sensing." In 19th International Congress of Metrology (CIM2019), edited by Sandrine Gazal. EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metrology/201918007.

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In this paper, we study the influence of annealing on the performance of Resistive Temperature Detectors made from Nickel thin films. The aimed application is heat flux sensing. The substrate is made of Borofloat glass with a Chromium adhesive layer. Several annealing temperatures between 150°C and 300°C are applied to this assembly. The thin films as deposited and after annealing are analyzed through SEM images. The evolution of the resistance and the temperature coefficient of the sensor are discussed. An annealing temperature is selected that ensures the repeatability of measurements.
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Gonzalez-Nino, David, Lauren Boteler, Damian P. Urciuoli, Iain M. Kierzewski, Dimeji Ibitayo, and Pedro O. Quintero. "Multifunctional Chip for Use in Thermal Analysis of Power Systems." In ASME 2018 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2018-8355.

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Many military electronic systems experience thermal transient pulses, in the sub-second range, during operation. Transient thermal solutions are being developed to address these transient pulses. In order to determine the performance of these thermal solutions, precise measurement of device junction temperature during the pulse is critical. Researchers have been patterning heaters onto chips using high temperature coefficient of resistance materials, thus allowing the use of the heater as a resistance temperature detector (RTD). For a given RTD material, in order to increase the sensitivity, a high resistance value is required; however, this equates to high voltages needed to get high heat fluxes. This work aims to design a test chip which balances between the instrumentation preferring a large resistance and the desire to maintain reasonable input voltages prompting a low resistance. This work demonstrates a novel multi-functional thermal test chip, which consists of 25 high resistance RTDs connected in parallel. This parallel connection strikes the desired balance by allowing a small overall chip resistance while allowing probing on a much higher resistance single RTD. Furthermore, this design allows optional temperature sensing at multiple locations on the chip’s surface, the possibility to create thermal gradients by controlled powering of individual resistors at different locations on the chip’s surface, and uniform heat flux over the entire chip surface.
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Park, Ho Joon, Sang Young Son, Mun Cheol Choi, Geunbae Lim, In-Seob Song, and James Jungho Pak. "Temperature-Dependent Property Effects on Laminar Flow Characteristics in a Rectangular Microchannel." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/mems-23865.

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Abstract This paper investigated experimentally effects of the temperature-dependent property on the laminar flow characteristics in the micro-channel, where water was used as a working fluid. A rectangular straight micro-channel was fabricated with the dimension of 57 μm (H) × 200 μm (W) × 48050 μm (L), in which the resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) were integrated to measure precise temperatures of the fluid directly on the inside-surface of the channel wall. A micro-heater was also installed at the outlet of the channel to generate the heat flux. We measured pressure drop by increasing mass flow rate and the applied heating power. At the same time, micro-Particle Image Velocimetry (micro-PIV) [1] measured the detailed velocity fields along the microchannel, where the wall temperature varied. Based on the pressure drop and Micro-PIV measurement, it was determined that the variation of the fluid property along the microchannel has an effect significantly on flow resistance but not considerably on the velocity profile. Also, it was observed that flow resistance and velocity field shows a good agreement with those estimated in the macro laminar theory under our experimental conditions.
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Parahovnik, Anatoly, Yingying Wang, and Yoav Peles. "Transient Local Resolution of Flow Boiling in a Microchannel With a Streamlined Pin Fin." In ASME 2018 16th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2018-7602.

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Flow boiling around a single streamlined pin fin in a microchannel with engineering fluid, HFE-7000, was experimentally studied. A micro heater and an array of resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) were integrated into the microchannel device to enable heating and local temperature measurements on the microchannel internal wall. Thermal behavior as a function of position, heat flux, mass flux, and pressure was investigated for single phase flow and flow boiling. High-speed visualization of the two-phase flow was used to identify pertinent flow patterns and to complement the surface temperature measurements. It was found that the nucleate boiling regime and the periodic behavior of the boiling process was strongly dependent on the system’s pressure.
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Bae, Byunghoon, Junghoon Yeom, Bruce R. Flachsbart, Yanjun Tang, Richard I. Masel, and Mark A. Shannon. "A Multi-Purpose Temperature Control Method for MEMS Microheaters Without a Separate Temperature Sensor." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14970.

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In this paper, a temperature-controlled method that does not use a separate temperature sensor is presented for different MEMS electrical resistance heaters. Instead of using a Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) sensor or micro-thermocouple for closed-loop control of the temperature, which will have a finite distance between the heater and sensor and a response delay due to the thermal mass of the substrate on which the sensor resides, we use the change in resistance with temperature of the electrical heating element itself for the control input.
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Cular, Stefan. "Maximum Voltage and Possible Over Voltage Failure Mechanism of Multijunction Thermal Converters." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2017.23.

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Multijunction Thermal Converters (MJTCs) with heater resistances between 200 Ω and 250 Ωwere tested to determine the maximum voltage prior to failure. The MJTC chips were mounted on alumina substrates and their temperature monitored with 100 Ω (resistance temperature detectors) RTDs. Thermal losses were considered to be minimal over the few millimeters from the MJTC chip to the RTD on the substrate. Thermal imaging was used to map and validate the temperature distribution across the MJTC chip. Voltage was applied to the MJTC in steps taking several minutes each, allowing the MJTC output voltage and substrate temperature to equilibrate. With 20 V applied to an MJTC for over 20 minutes the MJTC output was over 2.1 V, and the substrate temperature increased to 341 K prior to device failure. Based on these measured quantities, the temperature of the resistive element was estimated to have reached approximately 640 K. A Multiphysics model was developed to explore the experiment and confirmed the resistive element of the MJTC design could reach a temperature of approximately 700 K with 20 V applied. Further analysis of the heating of the resistive element, a 70 nm thick, Ni75Cr20Al2.5Cu2.5 film, revealed that at these high temperatures, the major constituents of the alloy could evaporate at a significant enough rate to remove the film within several minutes. Postmortem examination of the MJTCs revealed a pattern indicative of evaporation occurring with a hot spot in the center of the resistive element. With a better understanding of the MJTC failure mechanisms and operating parameter space it is possible to explore new design techniques to further expand the usable voltage range for multijunction thermal converters.
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Hegab, H., and D. Hall. "Increasing Experiential Learning in Freshman Engineering Through a Microfabrication Project." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43579.

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A hands-on microfabrication project was developed and piloted for Louisiana Tech’s integrated freshman engineering curriculum. The project involves the design and fabrication of a simple nickel resistance temperature detector (RTD). The project is part of a series of hands-on projects being developed for the freshman engineering curriculum as part of a “Living with the Lab” concept that utilizes the BASIC Stamp Board-of-Education (BoE-bot) kit (a microcontroller-based robotics kit) to increase experiential learning. The project was piloted in two sections of a freshman engineering course taken by all engineering majors at Louisiana Tech. The temperature sensor was used by the students as part of a control systems project to monitor and control the temperature and salinity of a water tank. The project included the direct application of fundamental engineering topics as well as applied technical skills that are part of the freshman curriculum. It also provided an opportunity to introduce the students to some common microfabrication techniques. The RTDs were fabricated using optical lithography and etching of a nickel coated Kapton© film. Students designed the geometry of the RTD based upon the resistivity of nickel. They created masks patterns using a commercial CAD package. They participated in a lab demonstration of the processing steps in performing photolithography to create the RTD pattern on the nickel coated Kapton© film. They then used their BoE-bot microcontrollers to measure the resistance of their RTD sensors and to calibrate the sensors. The project is being refined to be implemented this next academic year for the entire freshman engineering student body.
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Reports on the topic "Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)"

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Johra, Hicham. Assembling temperature sensors: thermocouples and resistance temperature detectors RTD (Pt100). Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau449755797.

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Temperature is one of the most common physical quantities (measurand) to be measured in experimental investigations, monitoring and control of building indoor environment, thermal comfort and building energy performance. The most common temperature sensors are the thermocouples and the resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). These analog sensors are cheap, accurate, durable and easy to replace or to repair. The cable of these sensors can easily be shortened or extended. These sensors have a simple, monotonic and stable correlation between the sensor’s temperature and their resistance/voltage output, which makes them ideal for temperature measurement with electronic logging equipment. This technical report aims at providing clear guidelines about how to assemble and mount type-K thermocouples and Pt100 RTDs. These are the most common temperature sensors used in the Laboratory of Building Energy and Indoor Environment at the Department of the Built Environment of Aalborg University.
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Hashemian, H., D. Beverly, D. Mitchell, and K. Petersen. Aging of nuclear plant resistance temperature detectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7072109.

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