Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Resize'
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Önnerdal, Joakim, and Lindberg Magnus. "Grafisk helhetslösning för Resize Design." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16686.
Full textMarinho, Márcio Leandro Von Dreifus [UNESP]. "Influência da interposição de diferentes cerâmicas no grau de conversão de agentes cimentantes resinosos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97357.
Full text3M ESPE
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o grau de conversão de agentes cimentantes resinosos polimerizados sob diferentes espessuras de cerâmica feldspática e diferentes sistemas cerâmicos de mesma espessura. No primeiro estudo, oitenta amostras dos cimentos resinosos RelyX ARC (3M Espe) e RelyX Veneer (3M Espe) foram confeccionadas sob discos de cerâmica convencional Starlight (DeguDent) com espessuras de 0,5mm, 1,2mm, 1,8mm e 2,4mm. No segundo estudo, oitenta amostras dos cimentos resinosos RelyX ARC (3M Espe) e Maxcem Elite (Kerr) foram confeccionadas sob discos de diferentes sistemas cerâmicos: Starlight (DeguDent), Empress (Ivoclair Vivadent), E-max (Ivoclair Vivadent), In Ceram Alumina (Vita) e In Ceram Zircônia (Vita) com espessuras de 2,0mm. A leitura do grau de conversão dos cimentos resinosos foi realizada 10 minutos, 1 hora e 24 horas após a fotoativação dos cimentos, em espectrofotômetro FTIR Nexus 670 (Nicolet). Os resultados do primeiro estudo mostraram que o cimento resinoso dual RelyX ARC apresentou maior grau de conversão que o cimento fotoativado RelyX Veneer em todas as espessuras de cerâmica, inclusive sem interposição (p<0.0001). Os valores de grau de conversão obtidos após 1 hora e 24 horas não diferiram estatisticamente entre si (p=0.7433), mas foram superiores aos analisados após 10 minutos (p<0.0001). Para o cimento fotoativado, houve aumento gradativo no grau de conversão de 10 minutos até 24 horas (p<0.0001). No segundo estudo, os maiores valores de grau de conversão foram obtidos para as amostras polimerizadas sob as cerâmicas reforçadas por leucita e dissilicato de lítio, sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre si (p=0.1181), enquanto os menores valores do grau de conversão obtidos foram das amostras polimerizadas sob cerâmicas reforçadas por alumina e zircônia, sem diferença entre si (p=0.2374). Com base nos resultados destes...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion of resin cements polymerized under different thicknesses of feldspatic ceramic and different ceramic systems with the same thickness. In the first study, eighty samples of RelyX ARC (3M Espe) and RelyX Veneer (3M Espe) were polymerized under conventional ceramic discs (Starlight, DeguDent) with thickness of 0.5 mm 1.2 mm, 1.8 mm and 2.4 mm. In the second study, eighty samples of RelyX ARC (3M Espe) and Maxcem Elite (Kerr) resin cements were polymerized over ceramics systems: Starlight (DeguDent), Empress (Ivoclar Vivadent), E-max (Ivoclar Vivadent), In Ceram Alumina (Vita) and In Ceram Zircon (Vita) with 2.0 mm of thickness. The degree of conversion of the resin cements was calculated 10 minutes, 1 hour and 24 hours after the curing of cements using a Nexus 670 FTIR spectrophotometer (Nicolet). The RelyX ARC showed higher values of degree of conversion than RelyX Veneer considering all the ceramics thickness in the first study. The measurements obtained after 1 hour and 24 hours did not differ significantly (p=0.7433), but were higher than those analyzed after 10 minutes (p<0.0001). Comparing the ceramic systems in the second study, the highest degree of conversion were obtained for samples polymerized under Empress and e.max ceramics, without statistically difference between them (p= 0.1181) and the lower values of conversion were obtained for the samples polymerized under In Ceram Alumina and In Ceram Zircon ceramics (p= 0.2374). Based on the results of these studies, we can conclude that the thickness of feldspatic porcelain as well as the ceramic system itself could influence the degree of conversion of light- and dual-cured resin cements. All the resin cements showed an increase on the degree of conversion after 24 hours, which could create an especial guideline for the clinical procedures using resin cements
Spuller, Matthew Thomas. "Resist and Residue Removal Using Gas-Expanded Liquids." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, (2003), 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11072003-150305/.
Full textAvila, Gisseli Bertozzi de. "Resina industrial de poliuretano modificada com terra diatomácea para ser empregada na modelagem odontológica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58131/tde-26032010-124102/.
Full textThis study evaluated the high performance polyurethane resin 6470 and hardener Dt 082 (Huntsman Advanced Materials Química Brasil Ltda., supplied by Maxepoxi, Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil) loaded with 30 % diatomite, for use in dental modeling. The material was manipulated in the ratio of 1:8 between resin and hardener, with the addition of the polyurethane accelerator in the proportion of one drop for each 200 grams of resin. Samples of pure resin, modified with diatomite type IV plaster (Fuji Rock EP), GC America Inc-USA, were obtained for the following tests: resistance to compression; diametral compression test ASTM D 695 2(a) to obtain tensile strength, and resistance to fracture by impact ISO 179-1: 2000., three point bending flexural test (ISO 1567:1999); resistance to wear by abrasion, Standard ASTM D 4060. Samples were analyzed with regard to dimensional behavior in a profile projector (Mitutoyo PJ-A3000 Japan); surface roughness Ra, and capacity to copy details were analyzed in a Roughness meter (Mitutoyo Surftest SJ-301 - Japan), surface hardness was analyzed in a Sussen Wolpert durometer Type Tester HT1, with the Rockwell Hardness method. The compatibility of the resin with molding elastomers was analyzed by the criteria of modeling material adherence to the mold and color alteration of the model obtained. The resistance to compression test and diametral compression test for tensile strength were performed in a Universal Test Machine EMIC DL2000, with a 2000 Kgf load cell and speed of 1.3 mm/min. The bending flexural test was performed in the same equipment with a distance of 52 mm between the supports, 2000 Kgf load cell and speed of 5 mm/min. The resistance to fracture by impact was tested in a CEAST Impact Machine model Resil 25 using the Charpy type test. The test for resistance to wear by abrasion was performed in a TABER abrasimeter, which determines the loss of mass per 1000 cycles, using the standard CS-17 abrasive wheel (grindstone) with a 1000g load, ASTM D 4060. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by the analysis of variance and Tukey tests at the level of significance of 95%, and it was verified that: The pure or diatomite-modified polyurethane resin, considering the two criteria adopted, is compatible with condensation and addition silicone; the copying capacity of the resin was reduced with the addition of diatomite, but remained superior to that of type IV plaster; the diatomite interfered in the surface roughness of the polyurethane resin, but the values were lower than those presented by the type IV plaster; diatomite added to the polyurethane resin increased the surface hardness, resistance to compression, traction resistance to diametral compression, resistance to wear by abrasion, impact, and to three point bending flexure. The pure and diatomite-modified polyurethane resin were superior to type IV plaster for resistance to compression, traction resistance to diametral compression, resistance to wear by abrasion, impact and three point bending flexure. Similar dimensional behavior was verified for type IV plaster and diatomite-modified polyurethane resin; the pure resin contracted, and the diatomite reduced polyurethane resin contraction. Conducting this study enabled the following conclusions to be drawn: The pure or diatomite-modified polyurethane resin is compatible with the condensation and addition silicone elastomers; the diatomite load of silicone percent increases the surface hardness, resistance to compression, traction resistance to diametral compression, resistance to fracture by impact, resistance to three point bending flexure, and resistance to wear by abrasion of polyurethane resin; when polyurethane resin is modified with 30% diatomite it has a dimensional behavior similar to that of type IV plaster; the diatomite reduced the polyurethane resin capacity to copy and increased its surface roughness, but the loaded resin presented less surface roughness and greater capacity to copy than the type IV plaster; in view of the results found by modifying the polyurethane resin with 30% diatomite, it is feasible to use this material in dental modeling.
Longo, Daniele Lucca. "Avaliação da citotoxicidade e expressão de citocinas induzidas por resina composta fotopolimerizável." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58135/tde-22072013-112353/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity and the production of cytokines induced by resin-based restorative materials containing new monomers KaloreTM (GC FUJI) and FiltekTM Silorane (3M ESPE) compared with conventional composite resins Charisma® (Heraeus-Kulzer) and FiltekTM Z250 (3M ESPE), in mice L929 fibroblast and RAW 264.7 macrophages culture. Cells were stimulated with the composite resins, light-cured or not, by indirect contact or extraction during 15, 45, and 120 days. After incubation for 6, 12, and 24 hours, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and production of cytokines was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data obtained were analyzed using oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-test ( α = 0.05). Production of TNF-α and IL-6 was not detected in L929 fibroblasts either 6, 12 or 24 hours following indirect contact with the KaloreTM and FiltekTM Silorane composite resins. On the other hand, the production of TNF-α was detected in RAW 264.7 macrophages, but was not influenced by indirect contact with composite resins, with the exception of the FiltekTM Silorane resin that inhibited the production of TNF-α, after 12 hours of incubation. The extracts obtained from incubation for 15 days with composite resins KaloreTM and FiltekTM Silorane were more cytotoxic than extracts incubated for 45 and 120 days. Cytotoxicity of composite KaloreTM was not influenced by light curing while cytotoxicity of FiltekTM Silorane resin was higher in the group that not received light-cure. Extracts of Charisma® and FiltekTM Z250 composite resins, obtained at 15, 45, and 120 days of incubation, were not cytotoxic 24 hours after stimulation of the cells. Also, FiltekTM Silorane, light-cured or not, stimulated the production of IL-6 following 45 days of incubation. KaloreTM resin extract for 15 days, unlike FiltekTM Silorane resin, stimulated the production of IL-10. However, during periods of 45 days of extraction, KaloreTM resin, light-cured, inhibited the production of IL-10, after 12 hours of incubation, and 120 days of extraction there was no detectable production of IL-10 in any of the groups.
Esmeraldo, Milena Alencar. "PreparaÃÃo de novos compÃsitos suportados em matriz de fibra vegetal/natural." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1450.
Full textNos Ãltimos anos, houve um acelerado desenvolvimento na Ãrea de compÃsitos reforÃados por fibras naturais, como (juta, sisal, coco, linho etc.) Fibras naturais sÃo uma importante alternativa, pois apresentam as seguintes vantagens: abundÃncia, biodegrabilidade, baixo peso, regenerabilidade, nÃo sÃo tÃxicas, apresentam baixo custo de aplicaÃÃo comparado com as fibras sintÃticas e podem ser modificadas por tratamento quÃmico. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo a preparaÃÃo e caracterizaÃÃo de compÃsitos suportados, em matriz fenÃlica derivadas do LCC, reforÃados por fibras naturais de coco e juta. Foram conduzidas modificaÃÃes superficiais nas fibras atravÃs de tratamento alcalino (mercerizaÃÃo) NaOH nas concentraÃÃes 5% e 10% (75 0C) e branqueamento com hipoclorito de sÃdio (NaClO/H20 1:1) (60 0C). Os compÃsitos foram preparados por moldagem aberta com fibras de coco e juta para todos os tratamentos. As propriedades mecÃnicas, tÃrmicas, dielÃtricas bem como as investigaÃÃes superficiais das fibras antes e apÃs o tratamento quÃmico e interface dos compÃsitos foram investigados pelas tÃcnicas de ensaios de traÃÃo (elongaÃÃo à ruptura, mÃdulo elÃstico, resistÃncia à ruptura); TG/DTG (Termogravimetria/Derivada); DSC (Calorimetria ExploratÃria Diferencial); DRX (Difratograma de Raios X); propriedades dielÃtricas, (Perda DielÃtrica, Condutividade DielÃtrica) e MEV (Microscopia de Varredura EletrÃnica). Fibras de coco, juta e compÃsitos apresentaram um aumento global das propriedades mecÃnicas apÃs o tratamento quÃmico com NaOH 5% e 10% .Os melhores resultados foram aqueles observados para os compÃsitos de juta apÃs tratamento com NaOH 5% onde se observou um aumento de 28% na resistÃncia à ruptura, jà para os compÃsitos de coco os melhores resultados foram os apÃs tratamento com NaOH 10% com aumento de 48%. Os resultados de anÃlise termogravimÃtrica em atmosfera inerte mostraram processos de estabilidade tÃrmica para as fibras e compÃsitos apÃs o II tratamento quÃmico com NaOH 5% e 10 % respectivamente. Para as fibras de juta observou-se um aumento de (218-228 0C) para as de coco o aumento foi de (259- 276 0C). Os compÃsitos de juta e coco tambÃm apresentaram um aumento na estabilidade tÃrmica apÃs o tratamento quÃmico, onde os melhores resultados obtidos foram: compÃsitos de juta (302-3060C) apÃs tratamento com NaOH 5%, e os de coco (288-310 0C) apÃs tratamento com NaOH 10%. Esses resultados comprovaram que o tratamento alcalino de fato proporcionou uma melhora da estabilidade tÃrmica dos compÃsitos. As anÃlises de investigaÃÃo superficial das fibras de juta e coco apresentaram claramente modificaÃÃes estruturais como conseqÃÃncia da remoÃÃo parcial de constituintes apÃs o tratamento quÃmico. Para os compÃsitos dessas fibras, foi observado que apÃs o tratamento quÃmico, com a remoÃÃo de componentes nÃo celulÃsicos, ocorreu de fato uma melhor adesÃo, ou seja, interface agente de reforÃo/matriz fenÃlica.
In recent years there was a rapid development in the field of composites reinforced by natural fibers like (jute, sisal, coir, hemp etc). Natural fibers are an important alternative, offering several advantages such their abundant, biodegrability, light weight, renewability, are not toxic, presents low cost application compared with synthetic fibers and may be easily modified by chemical treatment. The present work aimed the study, preparation and characterization of composites of phenolic resin (matriz) based on CNSL, reinforced by natural fibers of coir and jute. Superficial modification on the fibers were carried out through alkali treatment (mercerization) NaOH 5% and NaOH 10% (75 0C) and bleaching with sodium hipoclorite (NaClO/H20 1:1) (60 0C). All the fibers composites were prepared by open mold. The composites and fibers were characterized by analysis techniques such mechanical tensile strength (elongation at break, youngâs modulus, resistant at break); TG/DTG (Thermogravimetry); DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetric); DRX (Difractrogram X - Ray); dielectric properties (Dielectric Conductivity, Dielectric Loss) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) investigation on the surface modification in fibers and composites after chemical treatment. The results to coir and jute fibers composites showed an increase of mechanical properties. The best mechanical performance was generally obtained for composites of jute and coir after NaOH 5% and NaOH 10% showing an enhancement of mechanical properties resistant at break (28%) and (48%) respectively. IV The thermal degradation behavior of composites and coir - jute fibers under a nitrogen atmosphere showed an increase of thermal stability after alkaline treatment NaOH 5% e 10 % compared with untreated fibers. To jute fibers it was observed an improvement of (218-228 0C) to coir fibers this increased it was (259- 276 0C). The same thermal stability was evaluated to composites of theses fibers after alkaline treatment NaOH 5% and NaOH 10%. To jute fibers composites the best results were (302-3060C) while coir composites were (288-310 0C). From the results obtained, it is possible to conclude that alkaline treatment contribute to significant improvement of thermal behaviour of the composites The SEM investigation showed significant improvement on surfaces of jute and coir fibers after chemical treatment. The alkali treatment, removed non-celluloic components from fibers surface, expoding their internal fibrillar structure. As a consequence the treatment promoted an increase on interfacial adhesion between coir and jute fibers reinforced phenolic resin composite.
Garcia, Rubens Nazareno. "Avaliação da resistencia de união de sistemas adesivos e cimentos resinosos a dentina e aos compositos restauradores." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287825.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O atual conceito de união aos tecidos duros dentais é baseado na infiltração de sistemas adesivos em esmalte e dentina, no processo chamado de hibridização. Enquanto a união ao esmalte tem sido considerada um procedimento confiável devido a sua uniforme composição, a união à dentina continua sendo um desafio. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e discutir os conceitos que envolvem os sistemas adesivos odontológicos e as técnicas de cimentação adesiva. O estudo compreendeu quatro avaliações que propuseram analisar: 1- a resistência de união (RU) de alguns sistemas autocondicionantes após uma semana e um ano de armazenamento em água; 2- a RU de cimentos resinosos aos compósitos utilizados na reconstrução dental; 3 e 4- a RU de técnicas de cimentação adesiva. Foram utilizados dentes bovinos nos experimentos 1, 2 e 3; e ensaios de microcisalhamento. Para o experimento 4 foram utilizados dentes humanos e o ensaio de microtração. Os resultados indicaram que: 1- entre todos adesivos testados, o adesivo autocondicionante One-Up Bond F não apresentou redução na RU após um ano; 2- a RU foi maior quando se aplicou adesivo hidrófobo entre o compósito restaurador e o cimento resinoso; 3 e 4- o uso de uma camada intermediária de resina de baixa viscosidade e fotoativação dos cimentos resinosos resultou em maiores valores de RU entre o cimento resinoso e a dentina. Os resultados sugerem que a união à dentina ainda é instável para a maioria dos sistemas adesivos; na união do cimento resinoso ao compósito restaurador, os adesivos hidrófobos são as melhores opções; e as técnicas de cimentação adesiva apresentam melhor desempenho com aplicação de uma camada intermediária de resina de baixa viscosidade e fotoativação do cimento resinoso
Abstract: The current concept of bonding to hard dental tissues is based on the infiltration of adhesive systems in enamel and dentin, in the so-called hybridization process. While the enamel bond has been considered a reliable procedure due to its uniform composition, bonding to dentin continues to present challenges. The objective of this study was to assess and discuss the concepts involving dental adhesive systems and the techniques of adhesive cementation. The study included four evaluations to determine: 1- the bond strength (BS) of some self-etching adhesive systems after one week and one year of storage in water; 2- The BS of the resin cements to composites used in dental restoration; 3 and 4- The BS of adhesive cementation techniques. Bovine teeth and micro-shear bond strength tests were used for experiments 1, 2 and 3. For experiment 4, human teeth and micro-tensile tests were used. The results indicated that: 1- among the adhesives tested, the self-etching adhesive One-Up Bond F did not show reduction in BS after one year; 2- the BS was higher when the hydrophobic bond was applied between the filling composite and the resin cement; 3 and 4- the use of an intermediary layer of low viscosity resins, and photoactivation of the resin cements, resulted in higher BS values between the resin cement and the dentin. The results suggest that bonding to dentin is still unstable for the majority of adhesive systems; in the union of the resin cement to the filling composite, hydrophobic adhesives are the best options; and the techniques of adhesive cementation present better performance with the application of an intermediate layer of low viscosity resin and photoactivation of resin cement
Doutorado
Materiais Dentarios
Doutor em Materiais Dentários
Short, Christina Kaye. "Characterization of Epoxy Resins for use in the Resin Transfer Molding Process." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625806.
Full textTango, Rubens Nisie. "Profundidade de polimerização de cimentos resinosos : efeito de aparelhos fotoativadores e de materiais restauradores indiretos." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289586.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo avaliou através do teste de dureza Knoop (KHN), a profundidade de polimerização do cimento resinoso Enforce, dual e fotoativado, quando fotoativados através da cerâmica (HeraCeram) ou do compósito (Artglass), com diferentes aparelhos fotoativadores. A fotoativação foi realizada com os aparelhos de luz de lâmpada halógena (XL2500) - QTH, luz emitida por diodos (Ultrablue 1s) - LED, ambos por 40 segundos, e aparelho de arco de plasma de xenônio (Apollo 95E) por 3 segundos - P AC. As faces vestibulares de incisivos bovinos foram planificadas e hibridizadas com o sistema adesivo Prime & Bond 2.1. Sobre estas superficies foi assentada uma matriz de borracha preta e opaca (lmm de espessura / 5mm de diâmetro), a qual foi preenchida com o cimento. Um disco de material para faceta (l,5mm de espessura) foi comprimido digitalmente sobre este conjunto para padronização da espessura de cimento e extravasamento dos excessos. A fotoativação foi realizada, com a ponta ativa dos aparelhos em contato com os illlteriais para faceta, sendo que nos grupos controle, a ativação foi realizada diretamente. Após armazenamento em ambiente seco e escuro (24h/37°C), as amostras (n=IO) foram seccionadas para mensuração dos valores de dureza (KHN), obtidos em aparelho microdurômetro (50gf de carga/ 15s). Os dados dos cimentos, dual e fotoativado, foram analisados separadamente. Para ambos, os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância de 3 fatores. Posteriormente, para o cimento dual foi aplicado o teste de Tukey e para o cimento fotoativado, o teste de Duncan (a=0,O5). Para ambos os cimentos, foram verificados que os valores de dureza diminuem com o aumento da profundidade de polimerização. Além disso, para ativação direta e através de HeraCeram, os maiores valores de dureza foram obtidos com LED, seguido por QTH e P AC. Para Artglass, no modo dual, valores de dureza similares foram obtidos com os 3 aparelhos fotoativadores. Já no modo foto ativado, os maiores valores foram obtidos com QTH, seguido pelo LED e P AC, respectivarrente. O aparelho P AC, com tempo de exposição de 3 segundos, mostrou-se ineficaz na polimerização do cimento no modo fotoativado através dos materiais para faceta. O efeito dos materiais para faceta foi distinto para cada aparelho foto ativador
Abstract: This study evaluated the polymerization depth of the dual-cure and light-cure resin cement Enforce, light-cured through ceramic (HeraCeram), or composite (Artglass), with different light curing units, by Knoop hardness (KHN) test. Light curing was carried out using conventional quartz tungsten halogen light (XL2500) - QTH, light emitting diodes (Ultrablue ls) - LED, both for 40s and, xemn plasma are (Apollo 95E) for 3s P AC. Bovine incisors had their buccal faces flattened and hybridized with the bond agent rime & Bond 2.1. On these surfaces, a black opaque mold (lmm thickness/ 5mm in diameter) was seated and filled with cement. A disc of the veneering material (l.5mm thickness) was compressed digitally over this set for cement thickness standardization and excesses remova!. Light curing was carried out with the light curing unit tip in contact with the veneering materiaIs. ln the control groups, resin cement was light cured directly. After dry storage at dark (24h/37°C), samples (n=lO) were sectioned for hardness (KHN) measurements, taken in a microhardness tester (50gf load/ 15s). Data of resin cement hardness, for dual cure and light cure, were analyzed separately. For both, data were submitted to three-way ANOV A. After that, Tukey's test was applied for dual cure resin cement, and for light cure cement Duncan's test was used (cx=.05). For both cements, it was verified that hardness decreased with the increase in polymerization depth. Besides that, for direct light curing and for light curing through HeraCeram, the highest hardness values were obtained with LED, followed by QTH and P AC. ln the dual cure resin cement beneath Artglass, similar hardness values were verified with the 3 light curing units. However, in light cure resin cement, the highest means were observed with QTH, followed by LED and PAC, respectively. PAC showed to be inefficient to polymerize the light cure resin cement beneath veneering materiaIs with 3s exposure time. The light transmission attenuating effect of veneering materiaIs was distinct for each light-curing unit
Doutorado
Materiais Dentarios
Mestre em Materiais Dentários
Salazar, Yvette Alania. "Resistência de união à microtração entre camadas de materiais restauradores de diferentes matrizes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25148/tde-28072011-095644/.
Full textSilorane resin and its cationic polymerization are different from resin-based materials. As restorative materials, their use together could cause some incompatibility that raises the question about the importance of interfacial bonding properties. This study aimed to compare the microtensile bond strengths between layers of Filtek P90 bonded with itself, Filtek Z350 or Vitremer using Adper Single Bond 2 and P90 Adhesive System. Initially, substrates for the testing specimens were fabricated using a silicone mold (5mm x 5mm x 2.5mm) and light-cured for 40 s (Blue Star 3, Microdont; 1076mW/cm2). According to the testing group, it was used or not an adhesive layer, light-cured for 10 s. The second increment (2.5mm) was cured for 40 s. The specimens were sectioned in beams with 0.64mm2 cross-sectional area and stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24 h. Microtensile bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine with a 0.5mm/min crosshead speed. Failure modes were assessed. Values were calculated in MPa. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukeys post-hoc tests at a 5% significance level. Microtensile bond strength means and standard deviation are: G1 Pad (P90/P90 adhesive/P90) 50.9±15.3, G2 P (P90/without adhesive/P90) 40.2±10.2, G3 Z (Z350/without adhesive/Z350) 62.1±15.2, G4 Ppol (P90/without adhesive, polyester strip/P90) 28.8±9.2, G5 ZadP (Z350/P90 adhesive/P90) 62.1±8.2, G6 PSBZ (P90/Single Bond 2/Z350) 37.1±12.5, G7 ZSB (Z350/Single Bond 2/Z350) 54.3±12.3, G8 VitrZ (Vitremer/Single Bond 2/Z350) 37.4±7.4 e G9 VitrP (Vitremer/P90 adhesive/P90) 34.9±4.1. Significant difference was showed among G2 and G3, G5 and G6. No significant difference was found between G8 and G9, G5 and G7, G1 and G6. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that silorane composite showed similar bonding properties when bonded with methacrylate-based materials. Significantly lower bond strength was observed between layers of P90 than of Z350.
Hernandes, da Fonseca Natália Maria Aparecida 1986. "Influência do pré-aquecimento na resistência de união de agentes cimentantes utilizados para a fixação de pinos de fibra de vidro = Influence of pre-heating on the bond strength of fiber posts cemented with different lutting agents." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288864.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo in vitro avaliou a influência do pré-aquecimento na resistência de união de três agentes utilizados para a cimentação de pinos de fibra de vidro Reforpost nº 2. Para tal propósito, foram utilizadas 42 raízes de pré-molares humanos previamente extraídos e com tratamento endodôntico realizado e foram divididos, aleatoriamente, em 6 grupos (n=7) de acordo com o agente de fixação (um cimento resinoso dual Rely X ARC; um cimento autoadesivo Rely X U200; e uma resina composta de baixa viscosidade SureFil SDR flow) e temperatura de pré-aquecimento (23ºC; 54ºC). Todos os agentes de cimentação foram fotoativados através de uma fonte de luz LED com irradiância de 1100 mW/cm² durante 40 segundos. As raízes foram armazenadas em água destilada à 37ºC por sete dias e foram cortadas em fatias com espessura de 1,0 mm cada, os quais foram divididos de acordo com o terço do canal radicular (cervical; médio; apical). Em seguida, as amostras foram submetidas ao teste de resistência ao cisalhamento por extrusão para a mensuração em cada terço do canal radicular. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA 3 critérios com parcelas subdivididas e teste de Tukey (? = 0,05). Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os três cimentos resinosos. (P < 0,0017); no entanto não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos não aquecidos e os grupos pré-aquecidos, diferentes regiões da raiz ou para qualquer interação entre os fatores (p > 0,05). Os grupos cimentados com o cimento resinoso Rely X ARC apresentou maiores resultados de resistência de união do que os grupos cimentados com a resina de baixa viscosidade SureFil SDR flow. O cimento autoadesivo Rely X U200 obteve resistência de união intermediária, sem diferença estatística para RelyX ARC ou SureFil SDR flow. Assim, conclui-se que, a utilização de cimento dual convencional pode ser indicada para cimentação de pinos de fibra de vidro e que o pré-aquecimento de cimentos resinosos não é efetivo para o aumento da resistência de união de pinos pré-fabricados
Abstract: This in vitro study investigated the influence of pre-heating on the bond strength of three agents used for cementing fiber posts Reforpost # 2. For that, forty-two human premolars roots with endodontic treatment performed were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 7), according with the luting agent (a dual resin cement Rely X ARC; a self-adhesive cement Rely X U200; and a flowable composite SureFil SDR flow) and the pre-heating temperature (23° C; 54° C). All luting agents were light-cured with a LED unit ¿ 1,100 mW/cm² for 40 seconds. The roots were stored in distilled water at 37° C for seven days and after that, the roots were cut into slices of 1.0 mm thickness each, which were divided according to the third of the root canal (cervical; middle; apical). Then the specimens were submitted to push out test to measure the bond strength in each third of the root canal. Data were submitted to three-way split-spot ANOVA and Tukey's test (? = 0.05). Significant differences were found among the three luting agent studied (p < 0.0017); however, no difference was found among the pre-heating temperature, root segments or for any interaction between the factors (p > 0.05). Groups luted with resin cement Rely X ARC showed significant higher retentive strength than flowabe composite SureFil SDR flow. Rely X U200 showed intermediary retentive strength means, without statistical difference for Rely X ARC or SureFil SDR flow. Thus, it is concluded that the use of conventional dual cement should be indicated to luting fiber posts and the resin cement pre-heating is not effective to increase the retentive strength of fiber post
Doutorado
Dentística
Doutora em Clínica Odontológica
Gazola, Eloá de Aguiar. "Análise das propriedades mecânicas de uma resina composta à base de silorano." Universidade de Taubaté, 2014. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=709.
Full textThis study investigated the mechanical properties of the silorane based composite in two chapter. Chapter A Aim: evaluated the bond strength between the dental structure and a silorane-based composite (SC), after bleaching treatment. Method: Sixty bovine incisors were randomly distributed into six groups (n=10) according to the storage period between the bleaching treatment and the SC restoration. The bleaching treatment followed a protocol of 10% carbamide peroxide with one application during four hours per day during two weeks. After the period of storage, cavities were made and filled with SC. Results: After the periods of bleaching treatment, no significant difference was observed in the results of push out bond strength between the SC and the bleached substrate (p>0.05). Conclusion: the bond strength between the SC and the dental substrate was not affected by the bleaching treatment with 10% carbamide peroxide. Chapter B Aim: evaluated the bond strength between incremental layers of methacrylate and silorane composites and the micro hardness Knoop (KHN) after erosion and abrasion cycles. Method: for the bond strength, twenty samples were made with each composite, methacrylate (MC) and silorane (SC) (n=10). The samples were divided into four groups according composite type and quantity of increments. The microtensile test was performed 24 h after the samples were made. For the KHN test, after erosion/abrasion process, forty samples of each composite tested (MC and SC) were made. The samples were distributed into eight groups (n=10) according composite type and beverage type involved in the erosion process (control, orange juice, Smirnoff Ice and Gatorade) and abrasion with high abrasivity detifrice. Results: no differences were observed in the bond strength between increment layers when the same composite was analyzed (p>0.05). The results of KHN in the MC groups showed smaller value for the Smirnoff Ice (p<0.05), however for the SC groups no differences were found (p>0.05). Conclusion: the bond strength between incremental layers of SC was not affected by the oxygen; the others beverages, jointly with the abrasion, have no capacity to interfere in the KHN of the composites tested.
Marinho, Márcio Leandro Von Dreifus. "Influência da interposição de diferentes cerâmicas no grau de conversão de agentes cimentantes resinosos /." Araçatuba, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97357.
Full textCoorientador: Wirley Gonçalves Assunção
Banca: Eduardo Passos Rocha
Banca: Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o grau de conversão de agentes cimentantes resinosos polimerizados sob diferentes espessuras de cerâmica feldspática e diferentes sistemas cerâmicos de mesma espessura. No primeiro estudo, oitenta amostras dos cimentos resinosos RelyX ARC (3M Espe) e RelyX Veneer (3M Espe) foram confeccionadas sob discos de cerâmica convencional Starlight (DeguDent) com espessuras de 0,5mm, 1,2mm, 1,8mm e 2,4mm. No segundo estudo, oitenta amostras dos cimentos resinosos RelyX ARC (3M Espe) e Maxcem Elite (Kerr) foram confeccionadas sob discos de diferentes sistemas cerâmicos: Starlight (DeguDent), Empress (Ivoclair Vivadent), E-max (Ivoclair Vivadent), In Ceram Alumina (Vita) e In Ceram Zircônia (Vita) com espessuras de 2,0mm. A leitura do grau de conversão dos cimentos resinosos foi realizada 10 minutos, 1 hora e 24 horas após a fotoativação dos cimentos, em espectrofotômetro FTIR Nexus 670 (Nicolet). Os resultados do primeiro estudo mostraram que o cimento resinoso dual RelyX ARC apresentou maior grau de conversão que o cimento fotoativado RelyX Veneer em todas as espessuras de cerâmica, inclusive sem interposição (p<0.0001). Os valores de grau de conversão obtidos após 1 hora e 24 horas não diferiram estatisticamente entre si (p=0.7433), mas foram superiores aos analisados após 10 minutos (p<0.0001). Para o cimento fotoativado, houve aumento gradativo no grau de conversão de 10 minutos até 24 horas (p<0.0001). No segundo estudo, os maiores valores de grau de conversão foram obtidos para as amostras polimerizadas sob as cerâmicas reforçadas por leucita e dissilicato de lítio, sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre si (p=0.1181), enquanto os menores valores do grau de conversão obtidos foram das amostras polimerizadas sob cerâmicas reforçadas por alumina e zircônia, sem diferença entre si (p=0.2374). Com base nos resultados destes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion of resin cements polymerized under different thicknesses of feldspatic ceramic and different ceramic systems with the same thickness. In the first study, eighty samples of RelyX ARC (3M Espe) and RelyX Veneer (3M Espe) were polymerized under conventional ceramic discs (Starlight, DeguDent) with thickness of 0.5 mm 1.2 mm, 1.8 mm and 2.4 mm. In the second study, eighty samples of RelyX ARC (3M Espe) and Maxcem Elite (Kerr) resin cements were polymerized over ceramics systems: Starlight (DeguDent), Empress (Ivoclar Vivadent), E-max (Ivoclar Vivadent), In Ceram Alumina (Vita) and In Ceram Zircon (Vita) with 2.0 mm of thickness. The degree of conversion of the resin cements was calculated 10 minutes, 1 hour and 24 hours after the curing of cements using a Nexus 670 FTIR spectrophotometer (Nicolet). The RelyX ARC showed higher values of degree of conversion than RelyX Veneer considering all the ceramics thickness in the first study. The measurements obtained after 1 hour and 24 hours did not differ significantly (p=0.7433), but were higher than those analyzed after 10 minutes (p<0.0001). Comparing the ceramic systems in the second study, the highest degree of conversion were obtained for samples polymerized under Empress and e.max ceramics, without statistically difference between them (p= 0.1181) and the lower values of conversion were obtained for the samples polymerized under In Ceram Alumina and In Ceram Zircon ceramics (p= 0.2374). Based on the results of these studies, we can conclude that the thickness of feldspatic porcelain as well as the ceramic system itself could influence the degree of conversion of light- and dual-cured resin cements. All the resin cements showed an increase on the degree of conversion after 24 hours, which could create an especial guideline for the clinical procedures using resin cements
Mestre
Myslinski, Paul Joseph. "Analysis of Cyanate Ester Resins and Graphite Fabric for Use in Resin Film Infusion Processing." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35804.
Full textThe resin cure-kinetics models predicted the curing behavior of the resins as functions of time, temperature, and degree of cure. The proposed viscosity models determined the resin viscosity as a function of temperature and degree of cure. The 8HS graphite fabric was tested in compaction and through the thickness permeability to determine the effect of compaction pressure on fiber volume fraction and in turn on through the thickness permeability. The one-dimensional RFI flow and cure simulation combined the cure-kinetics and viscosity models of the resins with the characteristics of the graphite fabric and determined resin infiltration and cure times.
The proposed cure-kinetics and viscosity models were more than adequate in modeling the cure and flow behavior of the cyanate ester resin systems. Power law curve fits accurately represented the compaction and through the thickness permeability of the 8HS graphite fabric. Finally, the one-dimensional RFI flow and cure simulation showed that resin viscosity was the major influence on the infiltration times.
Master of Science
Yang, Huan. "Integrated analysis of unsaturated polyester and Vinylester Resins in vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (SCRIMP) /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488205318511314.
Full textWeinberg, Justin B. "Competitive IgG Adsorption on Protein A Chromatography Resins and Improving Resin Performance with PEGylated Ligands." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1075.
Full textGrullón, Patrícia Grau. "Analise ‘in vitro’ do efeito do agente silano em uma resina laboratorial de segunda geração na resistência adesiva ao do substrato dentinário utilizando dois sistemas de cimentos resinosos, por meio do teste de micro-tração." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2005. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1773.
Full textThe aim of this investigation was to analyze the bond strength between a Second Generation Laboratorial Resin and dentin structure, verifying the effect of the internal treatment with silano agent, using two resin cement systems. The oclusal surface of twenty third human molars was removed and later polished. Blocks were constructed using the Second Generation Laboratorial Resin GradiaTM directly on the dentin structure. The 4 evaluated groups were: I) chemical resin cement sandblasting/silano; II) chemical resin cement sandblasting; III) dual resin cement sandblastings/silano/ and IV) dual resin cement sandblasting. Bonded sticks (0.9 mm² ± 0.2 mm²) were gotten by means of parallel and perpendicular cuts in the bonding interface. Each stick was fixed by its extremities to the modified device for the micro-tensile test in order to locate the area of adhesion perpendicular to the long axle of the force, in the universal assay machine (EMIC) crosshead speed 1mm/min. The final values of bond strength were express in MPa. The fracture modes were analyzed under 40X magnification. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey´s test (α=0.05). Results: The average values in MPa presented by each group were: I) 19.10±2.88; II) 13.67±3.31, III) 11.95±3.96; IV) 25.14±5.66. The analysis two-way ANOVA showed that the factor Treatment was significant (p=0.05), as well as the interaction of the factors Treatment and Type of cement (p=0.0001). The factor Type of cement was not significant (p=0.25). Conclusion: They were not statistical differences between the bond strength of the two resin cements, the internal treatment was significant, for the dual cement the application of the silano agent lowed the values of bond strength in the chemical cement the application of the silano increased the values of adhesive resistance, being not significant. The fracture modes were predominantly adhesive between the Second Generation Laboratorial Resin of and the resin cement.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a resistência adesiva entre o substrato dentinário e uma Resina Laboratorial de Segunda Geração, verificando o efeito do tratamento interno da peça com agente silano, utilizando dois sistemas de cimentos resinosos. A superfície oclusal de vinte terceiros molares humanos foi removida, e posteriormente polida. Foram confeccionadas peças em forma de blocos, utilizando a resina Laboratorial de Segunda Geração GradiaTM, diretamente sobre a estrutura dentinária. Os 4 grupos avaliados foram: I) jateamento/silano/cimento resinoso químico; II) jateamento/cimento resinoso químico; III) jateamento/silano/cimento resinoso dual e IV) jateamento/cimento resinoso dual. Os espécimes em forma de “palitos” de 0,9 mm² ± 0,2 mm² foram obtidos mediante cortes paralelos e perpendiculares a interface de união. Os “palitos” foram fixado pelas suas extremidades a um dispositivo de modo a posicionar a área de adesão perpendicular ao longo eixo da força de tração em uma máquina de ensaio universal (EMIC) a uma velocidade de 1mm/min. Os modos de fratura foram analisados com lupa esteroscópica (40X). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância para dois critérios e teste de Tukey (α=0,05). Resultados: Os valores médios em MPa apresentados por cada grupo foram: I) 19,10±2,88; II) 13,67±3,31, III) 11,95±3,96; IV) 25,14±5,66. A análise de variância de dois fatores demonstrou que o fator Tratamento da peça foi estatisticamente significante (p=0,05), assim como a interação dos fatores Tratamento da peça e Tipo de cimento (p=0,001). O fator Tipo de cimento não foi estatisticamente significante (p=0,25). Conclusão: Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os cimentos resinosos testados, o tratamento interno da peça foi estatisticamente significante, para o cimento dual a aplicação do agente silano diminuiu estatisticamente os valores de resistência adesiva e no cimento químico os valores de resistência adesiva foram aumentados pela aplicação do agente silano não sendo estatisticamente significante. As modos de fratura foram predominantemente adesivas entre a Resina Laboratorial de Segunda Geração e o Cimento Resinoso.
Malaspina, Odirlei Arruda. "Avaliação da estabilidade de cor e rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas micro-híbridas, submetidas ao processo de envelhecimento artificial acelerado, em função da fotoativação com lâmpada halógena e LED." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25131/tde-05112009-104015/.
Full textThis study aimed to evaluate changes in color and surface roughness, before and after artificial accelerated aging of six micro hybrids composites resins (comparable to Vita shade A2) cured by quartz tungsten halogen (H) or a light emitting diode (L) polymerization unit with 300 mW/cm2 or 600 mW/cm2. Forty disc specimens (7 x 2 mm) were prepared for each composite (Charisma®, Filtek Z-250®, Herculite XRV®, Opallis®, TPH Spectrum®, W3D®), being 10 specimens for each condition (Q 300/600 mW/cm2 or L 300/600 mW/cm2). After cured, each specimen was evaluated by color (Easy Shade® spectrophotometer) according to CIE L*a*b* color scale and by surface roughness (Hommelwerke GmbH ) Ra values before and after submitting to artificial accelerated aging (4 h UV-B/4 h condensing vapor) for 384 hours total. The surface roughness and color change values of composite resins, after the process of accelerated aging, showed significant changes. Also, the values of E after accelerated aging were much higher than the values considered clinically acceptable (E 3.3). In general, the protocols curing effects showed varied influence over different composite resins and a positive correlation between average change in surface roughness and color change after accelerated aging process.
Araujo, Erika Michele dos Santos. "Efeito de diferentes desafios sobre as propriedades de superfície dos sistemas restauradores que simulam os tecidos gengivais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23134/tde-15082018-091208/.
Full textThe use of composites simulating the color of the gingival tissues presents as an option of aesthetic restorative treatment with direct application, which can increase patient satisfaction through a low-cost and non-invasive solution. This study had as factors of variation: restorative systems that reproduce the color of the gingival tissues (Amaris® gingiva (A), NTpremium® Pink (B), Beautifil® II Pink (C) and aging protocols [thermal cycling (TC) and erosive challenge (EC)], evaluated for color stability, surface roughness, surface loss and biofilm quantification. For the first 3 trials, the specimens were divided into 6 groups (n = 10): G1 (A + TC); G2 (A + EC); G3 (B + TC); G4 (B + EC); G5 (C + TC); G6 (C + EC). The thermal cycling was performed with a total of 5.000 cycles, with baths of 5 ° and 55 ° C and the erosive challenge consisted of the storage of the specimens in 0.3% citric acid solution, pH 2.5 at 37°C, for one week. Sixty specimens of 5mmX5mmX3mm were mounted, photopolymerized, polished and stored in destilled water at 37º for 24h. All the specimens were read before and after the aging protocols, using the optical profilometer to evaluate surface roughness and surface loss, while the spectrophotometer evaluated the color stability of the composites, according to CIELab parameters. Two reading time variables (after 3 and 24 hours) were added to the biofilm quantification and a control group (without aging) was added to the aging protocol. Ninety (n=5) specimens of 5mmX1mm were mounted and standardized as the specimens or the first 3 trials, roughness, surface loss and color stability. For the biofilm formation, Streptococcus mutans UA159, cultivated in TSB supplemented with 0.5% of sucrose for 3 and 24 hours and measured by the indirect method of safranin staining and absorbance reading were used. Regarding the color change, a statistically significant difference was detected for the factors restorative system (p=0.00) and for the interaction restorative system X aging protocol (p=0.00). The highest color variation was observed in material C when submitted to erosive challenge (16.75 ± 3.25). ANOVA did not detect a statistically significant difference for any factors in relation to surface loss. In the evaluation of roughness, a statistically significant difference was detected for the aging protocol factor (p=0.00), with a higher roughness for the specimens submitted to thermal cycling. In the biofilm quantification, after 3 and 24 hours, ANOVA detected a statistically significant difference for the aging protocol factor (p=0.00) and for the interaction between the two factors, aging protocols and restorative systems (p=0.00 and p=0.003, respectively). It was concluded that all restorative systems presented color changes after the aging protocols tested. CT was the aging protocol that increased the most roughness in all restorative systems, nevertheless without significant loss of surface. Biofilm deposition after 3 and 24 hours varies considerably depending on the restorative system and aging protocol. The erosive challenge increased biofilm deposition in the restorative system giomer in 3 and 24 hours.
Wanderley, Beatriz Lôbo. "Síntese e caracterização de nanocompósitos de fenol-formaldeído reforçados com argila montmorilonita." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97136/tde-26092012-145758/.
Full textUnlike most polymers, phenolic resins are characterized by having a large number of applications because of its superior fire resistance and low emission of smoke and its excellent level of thermal and chemical resistance, and low cost. However, due to its three dimensional structure, characterized by a high degree of crosslinking, this type of resin has low toughness and fracture resistance. Thus, to ensure their good performance, it is necessary to make enhancements in their formulation or adding strengthening agents so as to compensate for these deficiencies due to its structure. There are numerous materials that usually are incorporated into the phenolic matrix. Besides the preparation of polymer blends in which one phase consists of an elastomer or a thermoplastic, the introduction of agents such as fibrous reinforcement is also used. Examples of reinforcing agents: vegetable fibers, glass and carbon fibers, carbon black, clay and others. The mixture of polymer clays may cause the formation of nanocomposites in order to obtain excellent combination of fracture strength, toughness, conductivity, heat resistance and reduced permeability to gases and liquids when compared with the pure polymer. In this work, modified montmorillonite clays were used as a reinforcing agent in the preparation of nanocomposite films of phenolic matrix with the aim of improving the mechanical properties of polymer materials when compared with the pure material. The phenolic resin used in this work is that of the resol type, used commercially for the formulation of varnish for coating metal containers. The study used three types of commercial clay: Cloisite® sodium (Na) and Cloisite® clays modified with quaternary alkylammonium salts, codes 15A and 30B in order to verify which present better compatibility with the phenolic matrix. For the preparation of uniform polymeric films, free of defects such as bubbles, was preliminarily selected a suitable cure cycle. As the bubble formation is intrinsic to the cure of resol phenolic resin, the definition of a heat treatment scheme is a critical step in the process of preparing composites of phenolic resin/montmorillonite clay. The cured films free of defects were characterized by X-ray diffraction (DRX), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of XRD analysis showed the composites prepared with the modified clays 15A and 30B maintained and even reduced the basal spacing within the clay crystal structure, indicating not having occurred polymer intercalation of the clay; for the Cloisite® Na clay DRX has shown increased basal spacing. DMA results showed for most of the samples increase in storage modulus at low and high temperatures. Finally, DSC analysis showed a reduction in glass transition temperature of the composites prepared with the modified clays 15A and 30B, and an increase in the composition of 5% in the Cloisite® Na clay. The results indicate the potential of enhancement of phenolic resins mechanical properties with layered clays of montmorillonite without chemical modification.
Aboush, Yousef Elia Yousef. "Factors influencing the bonding of resins to metals and other adherends involved in resin-bonded bridgework." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327907.
Full textRodrigues, Fausto Borges. "Resist?ncia ? fratura de dentes com preparos cavit?rios MOD restaurados com resina composta e fibra de vidro." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2007. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1285.
Full textA proposta deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de dois tipos de fibras, uma tran?ada e outra unidirecional, inseridas no interior de cavidades MOD padronizadas na resist?ncia ? fratura de dentes molares tratados endodonticamente. Noventa dentes terceiros molares h?gidos foram selecionados e montados em blocos acr?licos, sendo estes divididos em seis grupos de quinze (n=15). No grupo G1, os dentes mantiveram-se h?gidos (controle). Os grupos G2, G3, G4, G5 e G6 receberam preparos cavit?rios MOD padronizados, sendo que nos grupos G3, G4, G5 e G6 foram realizados tratamentos endod?nticos. Ap?s o preparo dos dentes, estes foram restaurados com resina composta, no grupo G4, e no grupo G5 e G6 foram inseridas dois tipos de fibras, uma tran?ada e outra unidirecional, respectivamente. Ap?s, os corpos de prova foram submetidos ao ensaio de resist?ncia ? fratura. Avaliou-se, tamb?m, qualitativamente as falhas classificando-as em fratura de c?spide, assoalho e c?spide mais assoalho, ap?s o ensaio mec?nico. Os resultados (N) obtidos foram (m?dias seguidas de mesma letra n?o apresentam diferen?a estat?stica para Anova e Tukey (p<0,05): Grupo G1 (4960)a, Grupo G2 (1926,20)b, Grupo G3 (612,84)c, Grupo G4 (1813,9)b, Grupo G5 (2024)b, Grupo G6 (1879)b. Conclui-se que a utiliza??o de fibras tran?adas ou unidirecionais no interior de cavidades MOD de dentes com tratamento endod?ntico n?o melhora a resist?ncia a compress?o apresentando um padr?o de fratura de assoalho mais c?spide n?o favor?vel ? recupera??o da pe?a dent?ria
Paes, Paula Nunes Guimarães. "Influencia do modo de ativação, da ciclagem mecanica e da ceramica na resistencia a tração diametral de cimentos resinosos." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289569.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito dos métodos de ativação e da fadiga mecânica sobre a resistência à tração diametral de cimentos resinosos duais. Pastas base e ativadora do RelyX ARC, Enforce, Nexus 2 e RelyX UNICEM foram manipuladas e inseridas em matrizes cilíndricas de silicona de adição (4 x 2 mm) e distribuídas em grupos de acordo com a técnica de ativação em: 1- Sem fotoativação (ativação química); 2- Fotoativação direta (ativação Dual); 3- Fotoativação através da cerâmica. Após armazenamento por 24 horas em água destilada a 37ºC, metade das amostras de cada grupo (n=10) foram submetidos a 30.000 ciclos mecânicos, com freqüência de 1 Hz e carga de 12 N. As amostras não cicladas permaneceram armazenadas em água destilada em estufa a 37ºC por 32 h após a manipulação, para que fossem testadas com o mesmo intervalo de tempo que as amostras cicladas. Em seguida, todas as amostras foram submetidas ao ensaio de Resistência à Tração Diametral (RTD) em máquina universal de ensaios INSTRON, com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados de RTD (MPa) para os modos de ativação química, dual indireta e dual direta foram submetidos à análise de Variância e ao teste de Tukey (5%) e mostraram que apenas os fatores modo de ativação e cimento apresentaram interação significativa. O fator ciclagem mecânica e a interação tripla não obtiveram interação significativa. Os valores da interação dos fatores cimento e modos de ativação química, dual indireta e dual direta respectivamente foram: RelyX ARC (49,68 ± 8,42; 63,43 ± 6,92 e 55,12 ± 5,16), Enforce (49,12 ± 3,89; 56,96 ± 6,45 e 56,42 ± 8,88), RelyX ARC (28,12 ± 11,21; 40,10 ± 4,39 e 37,44 ± 6,49) e Nexus 2 (61,89 ± 11,21; 62,56 ± 10,93 e 59,26 ± 9,47). A análise dos resultados após o teste de Tukey mostrou que o cimento Nexus 2 não apresentou aumento nos valores de RTD quando ativado pela luz em relação à polimerização química. Os demais cimentos apresentaram valores maiores quando fotoativados de forma direta ou indireta, em relação aos valores alcançados pelo modo de polimerização química, com exceção do cimento RelyX ARC que obteve os mesmos valores quando ativado de forma dual direta e polimerizado quimicamente. A interposição do disco de cerâmica durante a fotoativacão alterou os valores de resistência à tração diametral apenas para o cimento RelyX ARC. A ciclagem mecânica não afetou a resistência à tração diametral de nenhum cimento resinoso dual avaliado e a composição de cada cimento resinoso dual, assim como o seu modo de ativação, foram determinantes para a obtenção da resistência à tração diametral dos mesmos.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the activation methods and the mechanical fatigue on diametral tensile strength of dual resin cements. Base and catalyst pastes of the cements RelyX ARC, Enforce, Nexus 2 and RelyX UNICEM were mixed and inserted into cylindrical silicon moulds (4 x 2 mm) and divided in groups according to their activation methods: 1) without photoactivation (chemical activation); 2) direct curing (dual ativation); 3) light activation through porcelain disk. After being stored for 24 hours in distillated water at 37ºC, half of the samples of each group (n=10) were subjected to 30,000 mechanical cycles at 1 Hz frequency and 12 N load. The samples not cycled remained in distillated water at 37ºC for 32 h after the mixing, so they were tested with the same time that the other fatigued samples did. Then, the samples were subjected to Diametral Tensile Strength (DTS) in Instron universal machine with 0,5 mm/min speed. The data of the Diametral Tensile Strength (MPa) obtained for each cement in chemical, indirect dual and direct dual modes of activation were submeted to three-way analysis of variance and Turkey's Student Range Test (5%) and showed that only the activation methods and the cement type presented significant difference. Mechanical fatigue and triple factors interation didn't present significant difference. The data of the cement factor with chemical activation, indirect curing and direct curing was respectively: RelyX ARC (49.68 ± 8.42; 63.43 ± 6.92 e 55.12 ± 5.16), Enforce (49.12 ± 3.89; 56.96 ± 6.45 and 56.42 ± 8.88), RelyX ARC (28.12 ± 11.21; 40.10 ± 4.39 and 37.44 ± 6.49) and Nexus 2 (61.89 ± 11.21; 62.56 ± 10.93 and 59.26 ± 9.47). After Turkey's test, the data showed that the cement Nexus 2 didn't present increase in the DTS values when it was light actived comparing to chemical curing. The others cement presented higher values when directly or indirectly photoactivated compared with the values obtained with chemical activation mode. The exception was the RelyX ARC cement that obtained the same data when it was direct cured and chemical activated. The interposition of porcelain disk during the photoactivation did alter the DTS values only for the RelyX ARC cement. However, the mechanical fatigue didn't alter the DTS values of any dual resin cement tested. Each dual cement composition, as their activation mode, was fundamental in order to obtain its DTS values.
Mestrado
Materiais Dentarios
Mestre em Materiais Dentários
Anfe, Taciana Emília de Almeida. "Avaliação da possiibilidade de remoção do manchamento de resinas compostas submetidas ao envelhecimento artificial através do re-polimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23134/tde-19122009-122056/.
Full textThis in vitro research verified the possible elimination of staining caused by coffee and red wine in five commercial composite resins, after being submitted to thermal cycling. Thirty six specimens were prepared in a teflon mold with 10 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm thick. The specimens were immersed in water at 37ºC for 24 h and polished (Ecomet Buehler - USA) in both surfaces with a # 600 grit silicon carbide paper until achieve 1.3 ±0.01 mm thickness. After polishing, specimens color was measured in a spectrophotometer Cintra 10 UV (Visible Spectrometer, GBC, Austrália). All specimens were submitted to thermal cycling with temperatures of 5 and 55ºC with a dwell time of 1 minute, for 1000 cycles in a 75% ethanol/water solution. After thermal cycling the specimens were immersed in water at 37ºC until complete 7 days from the preparation of the specimens. All the specimens were then taken into spectrophotometer for measuring the color. The specimens were divided into 3 groups (n=12): distilled water (control), coffee and red wine. For the purpose of the staining process to occur in only one surface, all the side and one of the surfaces were isolated with white wax. The specimens were immersed in one of the solutions at 37ºC for 14 days. After the staining period, the wax was removed and the specimens were brushed with electric toothbrush (Braun Oral-B, Procter & Gamble do Brasil S.A., Manaus, Brasil) for 30 seconds with a slight pressure. The specimens were dry with a tissue paper and were taken to spectrophotometer for measuring the color. Following, the specimens were submitted to three wears of 20 m and the color was measured after each one of the wears. The calculation of the color difference was made through CIEDE2000 formula. According to the methodology used in this research, it was concluded that the staining caused by coffee and red wine was superficial and one wear of 20 m was enough for removing the discoloration.
Maia, Rodrigo Rocha. "Avaliação difratográfica da microestrutura de três resinas compostas submetidas à aplicação de um agente clareador a base de peróxido de hidrogênio." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2839.
Full textCurrently, to correct dental chromatic alterations, the modern dentistry science takes advantage of ultraconservative's techniques and methods. Chemical substances, in particular peroxides are used in various concentrations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microstructure of 3 composites resin submitted the applies of a whitening gel - hydrogen peroxide 35% (Whiteness HP Maxx, FGM) activated by a hybrid energy light (Laser-Led, Whitening Lase, DMC). Thirty composite discs (13 mm diameter x 2,0 mm thickness) were made in a teflon custom matrix and assigned to the following groups: Group 1, microfill resin (Durafill VS, Heraeus-Kulzer); Group 2, micro hybrid resin (Esthet-X, Dentsply) and Group 3, nanofill resin (Filtek Supreme XT, 3M ESPE). Samples were light cured with an Optilux 401 (Demetron/UR) for 40s by irradiation powers about 450 mW/cm2. All samples were prepared using shade A2, followed by finishing and polishing procedures. Then, samples were stored in artificial saliva for seven days, ultra-sonicated and submitted an artificial aged (ASTM G 154). After that, each group was randomly divided in two sub-groups: ST Without treatment and CT- With treatment. The ST samples of groups 1, 2 and 3 were triturate using a grinder (SPEX SamplePrep 8000-series, Mixer/Mills), and then the materials were evaluated with a spectroscopy microscope (Shimadzu EDX 720) to verify the absence of milling particles, and a X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded using Philips - PW 3040 -X'Celerator- 40kV; 30mA; (λ): CuKα; 0,6; 0,2mm; 0,05 (2θ); 2s; 10-90 (2θ).The CT samples of group 1, 2 and 3 were treated with hydrogen peroxide following the manufacturer protocols 9 sequential 10 minutes applications/time, totaling 90 minutes. Triturated and evaluated using the same method described above. Comparative analysis by means of image processing software KS400 3.0 (Carl Zeiss Vision), graphic interpretation and agreement analysis by five valuators calibrated using a score of the results shown degree of crystallinity of the tested composites changed by bleaching treatment. After a comparative analysis, Group 1 demonstrated more degradation followed by group 3 and group 2. New studies are necessary to define the exact interaction between composite resin and hydrogen peroxides.
Jadbabaei, Nastaran. "REMOVAL OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS FROM WATER BY POLYMERIC RESINS: PREDICTIVE MODELING AND DEVELOPMENT OF RESIN-PD COMPOSITES." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/373275.
Full textPh.D.
Discharge of many organic contaminants (OCs) to the environment from industries such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyestuffs, and chemical intermediates is one of the major concerns to human health and the ecosystem due to their high toxicity. Existing water and wastewater treatment techniques were not specifically designed to remove OCs, and the elimination rate can vary from negligible to over 90%. Therefore, development of treatment technologies to efficiently remove OCs from water and wastewater effluents is required. Polymeric resins are an alternative for treatment since they can selectively target certain OCs as they can be custom-synthesized during polymerization by including desired functional groups to the matrix. However, additional efforts and cost are needed for the regeneration of the exhausted resins and recycling of the sorbed contaminants. Palladium based catalysts supported on polymeric resins are a promising method to overcome regeneration problems and convert contaminants to less toxic chemicals. The main goals of this research were to (1) develop predictive models for the sorption of cationic OCs by resins based on a mechanistic understanding of the sorption mechanisms of a range of cationic OCs on two cation exchange resins and (2) synthesize novel resin-based Pd catalysts to selectively remove two toxic contaminants, i.e., 4-chlorophenol and 4-nitrophenol, convert them to less toxic chemicals, and evaluate the possibility of in situ regeneration of the spent resins. The sorption study indicated that electrostatic (ion exchange) and nonelectrostatic (adsorption) interactions between nonpolar moieties of solute and sorbent have synergistic effects on sorption. It also established predictive models for estimating the sorbed concentrations of a target contaminant on a given resin at any environmentally relevant pH. Our findings point to the significant role of adsorption in the overall catalytic reactivity. The rate determining step (RDS) switched from adsorption to surface reaction with increasing concentration of the reactant. This observation was confirmed by good fitting of the reaction kinetics to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model developed based on the respective RDS. Our results demonstrated that Pd-resin composites are advantageous to water treatment because they can avoid the conventional resin regeneration process and enable recycling of reaction products of smaller environmental impacts.
Temple University--Theses
Zambiasi, Bianca Soares. "Resist?ncia ? fratura de molares tratados endodonticamente restaurados com diferentes t?cnicas diretas." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8182.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Aims: To evaluate, in vitro, the fracture resistance and the pattern of failure of endodontically treated molars restored with different direct restorative techniques. Materials and methods: 70 third healthy molars extracted were divided into 7 groups (n = 10): (all groups except H received root canal treatment) H-sound; Z250PT ? horizontally transfixed fiberglass post + Z250 composite resin; Z250FO ? Z250 + occlusal fiberglass tape; Z250FP ? Z250 + fiberglass tape along the floor of the pulp chamber; PREP-only cavity preparation; COL ? Restored with Coltosol. After the restorative procedures, the samples were subjected to 250,000 cycles of mechanical testing fatigue under 200N. Right after, the samples were submitted to the fracture resistance testing and the analysis of the type of fracture which were classified as follows: Pulp chamber floor (non-repairable) or cusps (repairable). Results: (means (N) followed by the same letter do not present statistical difference to ANOVA and Tukey (p > 0.05): H 3832A; Z250PT 2726B; Z250FO 1647C; Z250FP 1548C; Z250 1622C; PREP 514D; COL 450D. Conclusion: The restorative technique that presents higher resistance to the fracture as well as higher percentage of repairable failures is horizontal transfixing with fiberglass post, Z250PT group. The insertion of fiberglass tape into the composite resin did not present improvement in the resistance, nor in the fracture pattern, when compared to the use of traditional composite resin.
Objetivo: Avaliar, in vitro, a resist?ncia ? fratura e o padr?o de falha de dentes tratados endodonticamente restaurados com diferentes t?cnicas restauradoras diretas. Materiais e M?todos: Setenta terceiros molares h?gidos extra?dos foram divididos em 7 grupos (n=10) assim distribu?dos: (todos os grupos exceto H receberam endodontia) H- h?gidos; Z250PT ? pino de fibra de vidro transfixado horizontalmente + resina composta Z250; Z250FO ? Z250+fita de fibra de vidro oclusal; Z250FP ? Z250 + fita de fibra de vidro junto ao assoalho da c?mara pulpar; PREP ? apenas preparo cavit?rio; COL ? restaurado com material provis?rio Coltosol. Ap?s o t?rmino das restaura??es as amostras foram submetidas a 250 mil ciclos de fadiga mec?nica sob 200N. Em seguida, foi realizado o ensaio de resist?ncia ? fratura e a an?lise do tipo de fratura p?sensaio as quais foram classificadas em: assoalho da c?mara pulpar (irrepar?vel) ou c?spides (repar?vel). Resultados: (m?dias (N) seguidas de mesma letra n?o apresentam diferen?a estat?stica para ANOVA e Tukey (p>0,05): H 3832A; Z250PT 2726B; Z250FO 1647C; Z250FP 1548C; Z250 1622C; PREP 514D; COL 450D. Conclus?o: A t?cnica restauradora que apresenta maior resist?ncia ? fratura. bem como maior percentual de falhas repar?veis ? a transfixa??o horizontal com pino de fibra de vidro, grupo Z250PT. A inser??o de fita de fibra de vidro na resina composta n?o apresentou melhora na resist?ncia, nem no padr?o de fratura, quando comparado a utiliza??o de resina composta tradicional.
Servián, Victor Manuel Acosta. "Resistência adesiva dos cimentos resinosos convencionais e autoadesivos à dentina contaminada por saliva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25148/tde-02102012-090935/.
Full textMany dental injuries require indirect restorations fixed by adhesive cements. In some situations is not possible to isolate the operative field, which can lead to contamination by saliva of the dentin. The aim of this study was to analyze the treatment of dentin contaminated with saliva on shear bond strength of conventional and self-adhesive resin cements. Fifty bovine incisors were ground until exposure of dentin surface and divided into six groups: Group ARC (control) no contamination + acid etch for 15s + Scotchbond Multipurpose system (3M/ESPE) + cement Rely X ARC (3M/ESPE); Group U100 (control): no contamination + self-adhesive cement RelyX U100 (3M/ESPE), Group ARClav: acid etch for 15s + saliva contamination + rising with water / air + adhesive system RelyX ARC, Group ARCsec: acid etch + contamination with saliva + drying with absorbent paper cement RelyX ARC, Group ARCre: acid etched, contamination with saliva + drying with absorbent paper + reetched for 15s + adhesive system Scotchbond Multipurpose + cement RelyX ARC, Group U100sec: contamination + drying with absorbent paper + self-adhesive cement RelyX U100. After cementation, the teeth were stored in distilled water at 37° C for 24 hours prior to shear testing. The results were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Tukey\'sTests with a significance level of 5% were: G ARC: 9.02 ± 1.36 G U100: 4.38 ± 0.74 G ARClav: 6.43 ± 0.98 G ARCsec: 7.71 ± 1.14 G ARCre: 5, 68 ± 1.10 G U100sec: 3.87 ± 0.51.The results showed that there was a significant difference in bond strength of RelyX ARC to dentin contaminated by saliva when it was rinsed or re-etched, but there was no difference when the contaminated dentin was just dried with absorbent paper. No statistical difference was found between the adhesion resistance of the RelyX U100 to dentin with or without saliva contamination.
Buligon, Ediane Andreia. "CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO-MECÂNICAS DE PAINÉIS DE LÂMINAS PARALELAS REFORÇADOS COM FIBRA DE VIDRO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8681.
Full textThe aim of the present research was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of LVL reinforced with fiberglass with two types of resins. Pinus elliottii veneers with 1,5 mm thickness were used to manufacture of the LVL panels. The panels were manufactured in two steps. The first one was the assembling of the LVL panels with nine layers of wood veneer glued with phenol-formaldehyde resin. The second step consisted into reinforcing the LVL with fiberglass impregnated with epoxy resin (E) or isophthalic resin (I). The treatments were: panels without reinforcement (T), panels reinforced with one fiberglass layer (E T1 e I T1), panels reinforced with two fiberglass layers (E T2 e I T2) and panels reinforced with four fiberglass layers (E T3 e I T3). The size of panel was 45 cm x 34 cm x 1,08 cm. The physical properties tested were density and moisture content. The mechanical properties tested were: static bending in flatwise and edgewise position, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR); glueline shear strength by compression loading; hardness test; and non-destructive test by ultrasound method. The epoxy and the isophthalic resin showed similar mechanical performance among the different treatments.The resistence and stiffness of the panels were influenced by the reinforcement. The MOE in flatwise position was influenced by one reinforcement layer and the MOR was influenced by two reinforcement layers. In the edgewise position the MOE and the MOR values remained constant among the treatments with two fiberglass reinforcement layers. The MOE in nondestructive test had higher values when compared with the destructive method, however these values remained stable with two layers of reinforcement. Two layers of reinforcement on the tensile and compression side had higher values in hardness test. The epoxy resin presented higher glueline resistence and higher percentage of wood failure. Isophthalic and phenolic resin presented similar values of glueline strenght, however the isophthalic resin had lower percentage of wood failure. Thus, the reinforcement with one layer of fiberglass imprenated with epoxy resin on the tensile side would be enough to promote the mechanical qualities of LVL.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as propriedades físico-mecânicas de painéis de lâminas paralelas (LVL) reforçadas com camadas de fibra de vidro inpregnadas com dois tipos de matrizes. Lâminas de madeira de Pinus ellliottii com espessura de 1,5 mm foram utilizadas na fabricação dos painéis. A montagem dos painéis foi realizada em duas etapas. A primeira consistiu na fabricação dos painéis LVL com nove camadas de lâminas de madeira unidas com resina à base de fenol-formaldeído na gramatura de 190 g/m2 em linha simples. E a segunda etapa consistiu na aplicação do reforço de fibra de vidro impregnado com resinas epóxi (E) ou poliéster isoftálica com NPG (I). Os tratamentos utilizados foram: painéis sem reforços (T), painéis com uma camada de fibra de vidro (E T1 e I T1), painéis com duas camadas de fibra de vidro, sendo uma camada no lado de compressão e uma camada no lado de tração (E T2 e I T2) e painéis com quatro camadas de fibra de vidro, duas camadas do lado de compressão e duas camadas no lado de tração separados por uma lâmina de madeira (E T3 e I T3). Foram realizadas três repetições por tratamento, totalizando 21 painéis. As dimensões finais dos painéis foram 45 cm x 34 cm x 1,08 cm. Para determinar a qualidade dos painéis LVL foram avaliadas as propriedades físicas (massa específica e teor de umidade) e a resistência mecânica (flexão estática na posição flatwise e egdewise, resistência ao cisalhamento, dureza Janka e teste não destrutivo utilizando ultrassom). A resina epóxi e a resina isoftálica apresentaram as mesmas qualidades mecânicas nos diferentes tratamentos. A aplicação do reforço influenciou na resistência e na rigidez do painel. Na flexão estática na posição flatwise o módulo de elasticidade (MOE) foi influenciado por uma camada de reforço e o módulo de ruptura (MOR) por duas camadas de reforço. Na posição edgewise os valores de MOE e do MOR se mantiveram estáveis com a aplicação de duas camadas de reforços de fibra de vidro. O MOE pelo método ultrassônico apresentou valores maiores quando comparado com o método estático; em ambos os métodos os valores mantiveram-se estáveis com a aplicação de duas camadas de reforço. A dureza Janka foi maior para as painéis com mais camadas de fibra de vidro na posição de tração e compressão. A resina epóxi apresentou maior resistência ao cisalhamento e maior percentual de falhas na madeira, enquanto que a resina isoftálica, apesar de apresentar valores de resistência similares à fenólica, não apresentou boa adesão à madeira, representada pelo baixo percentual de falhas na madeira. A aplicação de uma camada de reforço de fibra de vidro com resina epóxi na posição de tração seria o suficiente para melhorar as qualidades mecânicas dos painéis LVL fabricados com lâminas de madeira de pinus unidas com fenol-formaldeído.
Palialol, Alan Rodrigo Muniz 1984. "Resistência de união à cerâmica de cimentos resinosos experimentais contendo um sal derivado do difeniliodônio." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289111.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união de cimentos resinosos experimentais contendo diferentes concentrações do sal de hexafluorfosfato de difeniliodônio (DPIHFP) à cerâmica reforçada por dissilicato de lítio, com ou sem aplicação do adesivo após o uso do silano. Para isso, cinco diferentes formulações de cimento foram confeccionadas utilizando como base os monômeros Bis-GMA e TEGDMA (na proporção 1:1 em massa) e 60% em peso de partículas silanizadas de vidro de bárioalumínio- silicato. O sistema fotoiniciador foi composto por 1 mol% de canforoquinona (CQ), 2 mol% de metacrilato de dimetilaminoetil (DMAEMA) e diferentes concentrações de DPIHFP: 0; 0,25; 0,5; 1 e 2 mol%, definindo assim, cinco formulações de cimentos resinosos experimentais. Como inibidor foi acrescido à mistura uma quantidade de 0,1 mol% de hidroxitolueno butilado e 60% em peso de partículas silanizadas de vidro de bário-alumínio-silicato foram incorporadas como carga inorgânica. Diante disso, a cimentação foi realizada com ou sem a aplicação do adesivo (Adper Scotchbond Multi- Purpose - Bond) estabelecendo assim, 12 grupos (n=7), sendo avaliados os cinco cimentos experimentais formulados e um cimento comercial (RelyX ARC). Foram confeccionados 84 espécimes de cerâmica IPS e.max (10 mm de comprimento x 10 mm de largura x 3 mm de espessura) e divididos, aleatoriamente, entre os 12 grupos previamente estabelecidos. Para todos os grupos foi realizado o condicionamento ácido da cerâmica (ácido hidrofluorídrico a 10%, 20 s) e aplicação de silano (RelyX Ceramic Primer). Logo após, os espécimes foram cimentados a blocos de resina fotopolimerizável Filtek Z250 (10 mm de comprimento x 10 mm de largura x 5 mm de espessura), utilizando os diferentes cimentos de acordo com o respectivo grupo, sob carga estática de 500 g, por 1 minuto. Para os grupos com utilização de adesivo, este foi aplicado 1 minuto após a aplicação do silano, sendo fotoativado através da cerâmica com LED 3a geração (Bluephase G2) a 1200 mW/cm2 juntamente com o cimento resinoso por 60 segundos. Após armazenamento (sob umidade relativa) em estufa por 24 horas a 37oC, as amostras foram seccionadas perpendicularmente à interface de união, gerando palitos de 1 mm2 (30 palitos por bloco) que foram submetidos ao ensaio de microtração em máquina de ensaio universal EMIC com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Foi realizado análise do padrão de fratura em lupa estereoscópica (Leica MZ75) com aumento de 40x e uma imagem representativa de cada padrão foi realizada em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os dados foram analisados através de Análise de Variância a dois critérios e teste Tukey, a um nível de significância de 5%. O cimento resinoso dual RelyX ARC apresentou os maiores valores de união, para os grupos com ou sem aplicação de sistema adesivo. Nos grupos com aplicação do sistema adesivo, os cimentos experimentais não diferiram estatisticamente entre si quanto à resistência de união. Nos grupos sem aplicação de adesivo, o cimento contendo 2mol% de DPIHFP obteve os menores valores de união. A aplicação do adesivo propiciou maiores valores de união somente para os cimentos RelyX ARC e DPIHFP 2mol%. De acordo com os resultados, pode-se concluir que a adição do sal de DPIHFP não foi capaz de aumentar os valores de união dos cimentos experimentais. O sistema de dupla ativação apresentou resistência de união à cerâmica superior aos cimentos experimentais fotoativados e a aplicação do adesivo promoveu o aumento dos valores de união apenas para os cimentos RelyX ARC e DPIHFP 2mol%
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of experimental resin cements (ERCs) containing different concentrations of Diphenyliodonium Hexafluorphosphate (DPIHFP) salt to a lithium disilicate ceramic with or without the adhesive application after silane treatment. For this purpose, five ERCs were prepared using a Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (1:1 molar ratio) base compound with a 60% mass fraction of silanated Barium-Aluminum-Silicate glass fillers. The photoinitiator system was composed by 1 mol% of camphorquinone (CQ) 2 mol% of dimethylaminoethil methacrylate (DMAEMA) and different DPIHFP concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 mol%, resulting in five ERCs. As an inhibitor, 0.1mol% of hydroxyl butyl toluene was used. Therefore, the fixing protocol was performed with or without the application of adhesive (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Adper - Bond) thereby establishing, 12 groups (n = 7), evaluating the five experimental resin cements and a commercial cement (RelyX ARC). Eighty four IPS e.max Press ceramic specimens (10 mm lenght x 10 mm width x 3 mm thickness) were fabricated and randomly divided among the 12 groups previously established. All the groups were etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 seconds and silane couple agent applied on the bond surface. After that, the specimens were fixed to photoactivated composite resin Filtek Z250 blocks (10 mm lenght x 10 mm width x 5 mm thickness), using different cements according to the respective group under static load of 500 g per one minute. For groups with adhesive application, this was applied 1 minute after applying the silane being cured by a third generation LED (Bluephase G2) together with the resin cement for 60 seconds. After storage for 24 hours at 37oC, the samples were sectioned perpendicular to the bond interface to obtain 1 mm2 sectional area beams (30 beams per sample) and submitted to a microtensile bond strength test in a universal testing machine EMIC, at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The failure mode was analyzed by a stereomicroscope (Leica MZ75) at 40x magnification and one example of each type of failure mode was analyzed in scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using ANOVA two criteria (ANOVA two-way) and Tukey test at a significance level of 5%. The dual resin cement RelyX ARC showed the highest bond strength values using or not the adhesive system. In groups with adhesive system, the ERCs were not statistically different from each other on the bond strength values to ceramics. In groups without adhesive system, the 2mol% of DPIHFP resin cement obtained the lowest bond strength values. The adhesive application led to higher bond strength values only for RelyX ARC and 2mol % DPIHFP resin cements. According to results, it can be concluded that the addition of DPIHFP salt was not able to increase the bond strength values of the experimental cements. The dual activation system showed higher values of bond strength when compared to photoactivated ERCs and adhesive system protocol increased the bond strength values only for the RelyX ARC and 2mol% DPIHFP resin cements
Mestrado
Dentística
Mestre em Clínica Odontológica
Figueiredo, Augusto César Ribeiro. "Viabilização da técnica de transiluminação para avaliação da anatomia, alterações patológicas e presença de materiais em dentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-01062008-114045/.
Full textThe propose of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of the technique of transillumination to capture digital images through a resin with metal pins placed on its surface and images generated from dental elements. In addition has been made on the basis of mathematical processing transformed rapidly from Fourier. For the generation of images were used sources of laser and led with a wavelength ranging from visible to infrared. The analysis of the images showed that images formed with higher led the images were formed with laser and the blue not presented sufficient contrast independent of the source of illumination. The results showed that the use of Lasers not succeeded because of diffraction of light by pins and the interference between the laser radiation, which caused images with low resolution. However, using the source of led, it was possible to define the morphology of pins in the resin. In conclusion we note that the effects of optical absorption and scattering of light by the resin and the tooth, the diffraction of light by pins and interference of light were consistent factors of greater influence for the analysis of images.
Sales, Fernando Antonio Castelo Branco. "Comparative study of technological parameters of characterization in stones and coatings and non resined resined." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11097.
Full textPor intermÃdio de anÃlises e ensaios de caracterizaÃÃo tecnolÃgica realizados em amostras resinadas e nÃo resinadas de rochas ornamentais, com caracterÃsticas geolÃgicas e estruturais distintas, buscou-se verificar a eficÃcia da resina no tocante a resistÃncia fÃsica e mecÃnica dessas rochas, bem como avaliar a reduÃÃo dos efeitos dos agentes que produzem alteraÃÃes e patologias nas mesmas, e na exalaÃÃo do gÃs radÃnio. A investigaÃÃo desta pesquisa foi focada em trÃs tipos de rochas: a primeira representada por um granito comercialmente denominado Branco Nevasca, que constitui uma rocha isotrÃpica com pouco grau de fraturamento, textura equigranular e granulaÃÃo de mÃdia a fina; a segunda um granada-biotita-musvovita grosseiramente gnaissificado, granulaÃÃo grosseira,apresentando lineaÃÃes e foliaÃÃes com elevada presenÃa de minerais micÃceos, denominado Casa Blanca; e, a terceira uma rocha vulcÃnica, com nome comercial Wood Stone, material considerado exÃtico em funÃÃo de sua heterogeneidade textural, com alto grau de fissuramento, possuindo granulaÃÃo muito fina. ApÃs os resultados dos ensaios e anÃlise, os mesmos foram correlacionados e avaliada a eficÃcia da resina, sendo constatado que a mesma produz melhoras significativas na resistÃncia fÃsica e mecÃnica dessas rochas, especialmente no tocante aos Ãndices de porosidade e de absorÃÃo dâÃgua, que sÃo a porta de entrada dos agentes causadores de alteraÃÃes e geraÃÃes de patologias, nas rochas ornamentais e de revestimento. TambÃm demonstrou eficiÃncia na reduÃÃo da exalaÃÃo do gÃs radÃnio A pesquisa mostrou que materiais com uso restrito, ou mesmo inadequado a certos ambientes, em funÃÃo de sua resistÃncia fÃsica e mecÃnica, com o uso da resina os mesmos poderiam ser utilizados sem restriÃÃes. A importÃncia de se realizar ensaios nos materiais cuja comercializaÃÃo à feita com uso de resina, ficou evidenciada devido Ãs alteraÃÃes, muitas vezes significativas, nos parÃmetros dos resultados de caracterizaÃÃo tecnolÃgica, os quais servem de referÃncia na especificaÃÃo adequada de uso dos materiais utilizados como revestimento ou ornamental nas obras de construÃÃo civil. A porosidade aparente e a absorÃÃo dâÃgua foram reduzidas em 90,7% e 91,46%, respectivamente, apÃs os materiais serem resinados.
Tribioli, Jeison Tallis. "Desenvolvimento e avaliação de resina composta odontológica com esmalte bovino como partícula de carga." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-19042011-093122/.
Full textThe use of composite resins for restorative procedure at anterior and posterior cavities is highly common in the modern Dentistry because its mechanical and aesthetic properties are compatible with the remanescent dental structure. The aim of this study was the manipulation and characterization of a dental composite resin using bovine enamel as reinforcing filler. The same organic matrix of the commercially available resins was used for this experimental resin. The reinforcing filler was obtained after the gridding of bovine enamel fragments and a superficial treatment was performed to allow the adhesion of the filler particles with the organic matrix. The experimental resin was manipulated at the weight filler concentrations of 60%, 70%, and 85%. A LED-based light source with 1000 mW/cm2 centered at 470 nm was used for photopolimerization. Two commercial resins, Filtek Z-250 and Supreme XT at A2 shade, were used for comparison. The resin characterization was performed with tensile strength and diametral tensile strength tests, conversion degree, Vickers hardness, and fluorescence. In the fluorescent test performed at human teeth, the experimental resin with 85% particle weight showed fluorescence intensity values at gray scale, around 34 (arbitrary units), being more similar to the tooth (41 arb. units) when compared with commercial resins (17 arb. units). Based on the investigated tests, the present experimental resin shows promising properties to its use on dental restorations.
Cavalcanti, Alessandro Leite. "Avaliação 'in vitro' da Microinfiltração na Interface da Parede Gengival das Caixas Proximais em Cavidades Classe II de Molares Decíduos, Restaurados com Resina Composta Auto e Fotopolimerizável." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23132/tde-30052006-150344/.
Full textThe purpose of this study was evaluation in vitro of marginal microleakings, present on gums edges of class II cavities of deciduous molars, restored with composite resin (auto and light-cured), with the use of a staining solution to verify the leaking. Cavities prepared presented enamel on gums edges and were restored according to four different techniques: lightcured composite resin; auto-cured composite resin; mixed technique (auto and light-cured composite resin) and glass-ionomer/composite resin. Next, we proceeded to thermo-cycling (5°C and 55°C, 700 cycles), turning impermeable, immersion in staining solution and slicing. The microleaking evaluation was done according to a pre-established scale (from 0 a 4 degrees). After the statical analysis of the results, it was concluded that all the groups presented microleaking, in varying degrees. However, the groups which used the mixed technique and light-cured resin presented the smallest levels of leaking, and microleaking was not observed on the auto-cured composite resin/light-cured composite resin edge.
Yamaguchi, Flavio Jun. "\"Avaliação dos efeitos da alteração dimensional de resinas para base de próteses totais submetidas a diferentes técnicas de processamento avaliados ao nível condilar\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23137/tde-30102006-152609/.
Full textThe objective of this study is to evaluate the dimensional acrylic resin alterations submitted to different types of processing evaluated to the level of the condyle. The experimental conditions were introduced in three stages. In stage A , the acrylic resins (Classic, Ondacryl, Acron MC, Lucitone and QC-20) were enclosed in flasks contend plaster wall, pressed in the plastic phase and submitted to five cycles of acrylization. In stage B, the QC-20 and the Lucitone were used with three types of wall (plaster, silicone (ZETALABOR) and silicone film (VIPISIL)), and with two phases of chemical reaction of the acrylic resin (fluid and plastic). In stage C, the resin Acron MC with two cycles of polymerization was used (90W for thirteen minutes and 500W for three minutes) by changing the type of wall as in stage B. For the study, 5 complete dentures for each group were made. At the end of the experiment, 23 groups were obtained, totalizing 115 superior complete dentures. Positional variation of the upper member of the articulator T.T.was measured before and after the processing, based on the maximum intercuspidation orientation. Such variation was registered by using plaster type IV shed in the space around of the condyle spheres, previously provided by means of spacers used before the processing. Three distances in each condyle sphere were measured (superoinferior, anteroposterior and mediolateral) resulting in 690 measures that varied from 0 to 3 mm, with average of 0,79 mm and shunting line standard of 0,59 mm. An alteration in 687 measures occurred and there was difference between the groups statistically significant, mainly for the anteroposterior distance on the left side. The conclusion was that the dimensional resin alterations modified the positions of the condyle spheres
Kurachi, Cristina. "Estudo comparativo do laser, do LED azul e da lâmpada convencional no processo de polimerização da resina composta dental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-09102007-095737/.
Full textThe restorations based on composite resin have great application in modem dentistry. The composite polymerization is obtained by a photoactivation process. The final properties of materials are connected with the cure process. The development of photopolymerization procedures and devices is important to improve the cure efficiency and its quality. In this work, two light sources, argon laser and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), were studied and compared to a conventional cure lamp. In the PTT (Power-Time-Temperature) diagram it were established safe working parameters to argon laser application, in order to avoid pulpal damage. The microhardness was used to quantify mechanical properties. The observation of VHN as a function of the depth in the material, allowed us to determine the operational parameters where argon laser produces similar properties compared with the conventional lamp. The microleakage observed in class V restorations cured by laser or conventional lamp was investigated and the result did not show statistical difference when the two light sources were compared. Using the devices based on LEDs it was possible to study the cure process and establish the operational parameters when this alternative light source is considered for use in composite resin cure.
Savaris, Cristiane. "Alteração de temperatura na dentina durante o procedimento restaurador com resina composta variando as fontes fotopolimerizadoras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58133/tde-19022009-172102/.
Full textObjective: to evaluate the influence of the type of light source and the thickness of remaining dentin on temperature rise in the roof of the pulp chamber during photopolymerization of a composite resin. Methods: 96 tooth fragments (6x7mm) obtained from buccal surfaces of bovine incisors were randomly divided into 2 groups and 4 subgroups (n=12) according to the light source (LED and halogen light) and the thickness of remaining tooth structure (3.5mm, 3.0mm, 2.0mm and 1.0mm). Class I cavities (3x2mm) were prepared, leaving the respective thickness of remaining tooth structure, and restored with a composite resin. Temperature rises were obtained by thermocouples positioned in dentin in the roof of the pulp chamber during photopolymerization (20s) of the adhesive agent and each composite resin increment. It was considered the highest temperature rise registered during the whole restorative procedure and also during photopolymerization of each composite resin increment. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Fishers Test (α=5%). Results: LED promoted higher (p<0.05) temperature values than halogen light; temperature values were the lowest (p<0.05) for 3.5- mm-thick remaining and the highest for 1-mm-thick remaining; there was no difference (p>0.05) between thicknesses of 2mm and 3mm. Mean temperature rises were not significant between LED and halogen light during adhesive photopolymerization, however, values registered during each composite increment photopolymerization were statistically superior for LED unit. Conclusions: temperature rise was dependent on the type of light source, on the thickness of remaining tooth structure, and on the number of successive photoactivations.
Ghersel, Eloisa Lorenzo de Azevedo. "Estudo, in vitro, da diferença de unidades de cor (DE) de dentes decíduos e resinas compostas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23132/tde-15082006-122255/.
Full text30 primary teeth crowns and 16 composites were used in this investigation. The aim was to compare, in vitro, with a spectrofotometer, the colour unit difference (DE) of the primary teeth and the composites, and also compare, in vitro, through visual analisys, the choice of 3 examinators, the same specimens used in the first test; to compare the spectrofotometric analisys with the visual analisys. The results showed that only the composites Herculite B1, Durafill SL and Filtek A110 B0,5 showed DE lower or equal to 3,5, making clear the restrict colour options in pedodontics. There was a large difference in colour grade among the available commercial brands for the same colour name. The statistical analisys showed that there is significant difference to the comparison of the DE between the different composites (P £ 0,05). By the visual analisys, all the 3 examinators considered the composite Durafill SL, the most close to the teeth colour, followed by the Filltek Z250 B0,5 for examinators 1 and 3 and Filtek A110 B0,5 for examinator 2. In the comparison between the spectrofotometric results and the examinators for the composite that better matched the teeth, there was low agreement with 26,4% in average.
Fecchio, Roberto Silveira. "Análise biomecânica da aderência de diferentes sistemas adesivos ao estrato córneo queratinizado do bico de tucanos-toco (Ramphastos toco)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-24092012-162059/.
Full textThe objective was to study the biomechanics of the adherence of adhesive systems to the horny stratum of the toucan beak (Ramphastos toco). Nine different types of adhesives were used, in pre-established areas of 16,0 mm. Each system was studied three times, totaling twenty-seven biomechanical essays. The essays consisted of the analysis of the necessary perpendicular forces to remove the adhesives. After each essay, the surface of the beaks was evaluated in electronic microscopy (MEV), which allowed to measure the amount of remaining resin and eventual breaking of the superficial layers of keratin. The results obtained until complete rupture of the sample were, on average: 2,48 N with the use of resinous cement; 23, 80 N with the use of surgical cyanocrylate; 26,17 N with the use of photoactived primer and bond combined with resinous cement; 48,75 N with the use of composite nanoresin; 53,86 N with the use of methyl-metacrylate; 55,56 N with the use of photoactived primer and bond combined with composite nanoresin; 61,11 N with the combined use of surgical cyanocrylate and methyl-metacrylate; 104, 21 N with the use of primer and bond chemically activated combined with composite nanoresin; and 110,48 N with the use primer and bond chemically activated combined with resinous cement. The microscopy evidenced that the use of primer and bond chemically activated combined with composite nanoresin and resinous cement, showed effective adherence to the point of extracting the superficial layers from the keratin layers after the essays. The largest adherence is attributed to the micro-retentivity of the adhesive material to the keratin layers, obtained by the use of primer and bond chemically activated. It was concluded that the systems of primer and bond chemically activated combined with resin and resinous cement present better properties of adherence and, therefore, clinical-surgical indication in the prostheses construction and in beak repair of toucans (Ramphastos toco).
Oliveira, Andréa Gomes de. "Estudo da transmissão e distribuição de tensões aplicadas à resina acrílica convencional e acrescida de fibras através do método fotoelástico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58131/tde-13122007-081455/.
Full textAcrylic resin is found among the most used materials in dentistry. Despite its qualities, the polymetilmetacrylate yet shows itself as a material with questionable resistance. Therefore, lots of reinforcements have been proposed in literature and among them we find glass fibers and aramid. Although they add to the resistance of the acrylic matrix, little is known about how the efforts applied upon the resin strengthened by the fibers are transmitted and distributed over the sustaining areas, which motivated the course of this study. Ten specimens made of termcured acrylic resin were created and divided into five groups according to the reinforcement used: roving glass fibers treated by immersion in the acrylic monomer (Group F), mesh glass fibers given the same treatment above (Group M), glass fibers braided with aramid and treated by immersion in the blending momer/polimer (Group H) and glass fibers braided with aramid and treated by signalization (Group HS). As control group (C) were used samples of acrylic resin termically activated without the addition of fibers. After adapting the specimens to the photoelastic matrix, the former were submitted to flexural tests through the Universal Machine of Rehearsal (EMIC-model DL 2000, S. J. Dos Pinhais, PR, Brazil) joint to the Circular Polariscope ( developed in the Mechanical Engineering College ? UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. The results show values to the Distortion Energy, in Kgf /mm2, of 223,124 for group F; 218,710 for group H; 217,692 for group M; 215,810 for group HS and 210,122 for group C. It was also observed that the distortion energy presented homogeneous growing distribution in al the groups studied. We conclude that the association of fibers to the acrylic resin generated an increase of the energy accumulated in the area of prosthetic support, thus the highest values were observed in the group with roving glass fibers. We noticed that the silanization of the hibrid fiber contributed to a smaller tension transmission to the photoelastic matrix.
Araujo, Leandro Goulart de. "Degradação da resina de troca iônica utilizando o reagente de Fenton." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-06092013-145637/.
Full textThe most common method for spent radioactive ion exchange resin treatment is its immobilization in cement, which reduces the radionuclides release into the environment. Although this method is efficient, it increases considerably the final volume of the waste due to the low incorporation capacity. The objective of this work was to develop a degradation method of spent resins arising from the nuclear research reactor located at the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN/SP), using an Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) with Fentons reagents. This method would allow a higher incorporation in cement. Three different resins were evaluated: cationic, anionic and a mixture of both resins. The reactions were conducted varying the catalyst concentration (25, 50, 100 and 150 mM), the volume of hydrogen peroxide (320 to 460 mL), and three different temperatures, 50, 60 and 70 ºC. Degradation of about 98% was achieved using a 50 mM catalyst solution and 330 mL of hydrogen peroxide solution. The most efficient temperature was 60ºC.
Santos, Jessica Dias [UNESP]. "Síntese, caracterização e atividade antimicrobiana de nanofibras de polietilmetacrilato / nistatina produzidas por eletrofiação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148667.
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O objetivo desse estudo foi sintetizar mantas não tecidas de nanofibras (NFs) de Polietilmetacrilato (PEMA) com adição de nistatina (NYS) e avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana nas resinas reembasadoras rígidas e macias. Realizou- se o teste microbiológico da CIM de NYS para a inativação da C. albicans. NFs foram sintetizadas pela técnica da eletrofiação, utilizando-se solução de PEMA puro e NYS e PEMA. Para a síntese das NFs de PEMA, foi produzida uma solução de PEMA dissolvido em Dimetilformamida (DMF) e 1,1,2,2 Tetracloroetano (TCE), logo após foram adicionadas duas concentrações de NYS (10 e 20 mg/ml) obtidas do teste CIM. As amostras foram analisadas em Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Análise de molhabilidade, Análise de Difratometria de Raios-X (DRX) e Espectroscopia de Infravermelho por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Após a análise em MEV foi realizada a média dos diâmetros das fibras com Software ImageJ. As atividades antimicrobianas foram avaliadas por meio do teste de difusão em ágar. As NFs de PEMA apresentaram diâmetro menor, o padrão NF/PEMA apresentou 0,42µm enquanto que a NF/20 1,14 µm e a NF/10 foi de 0,87 µm. As fibras foram consideradas hidrofóbicas por meio da análise de molhabilidade. O DRX e o FTIR comprovaram a presença de PEMA e sugeriram a presença de NYS. O teste de difusão em ágar demonstrou que as fibras não conseguiram inibir a proliferação de C. albicans.
The objective of the study was to synthesize nanofibers (NFs) of Polyethylmethacrylate (PEMA) with addition of Nystatin (NYS) and to evaluate an antimicrobial activity in rigid and soft resins. Microbiological testing of NYS MIC for inactivation of C. albicans was performed. NFs were synthesized using the electrochemical technique using pure PEMA and NYS and PEMA solutions. For a synthesis of PEMA NFs, a solution of PEMA dissolved in Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1,1,2,2 Tetrachloroethane (TCE) was produced, following doses of NYS concentrations (10 and 20 mg / ml) obtained from the CIM. As samples were analyzed in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Goniometer, X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). After an SEM analysis, a mean of the fiber diameters was performed with ImageJ Software. The antimicrobial activities were evaluated by means of the agar diffusion test. As the PEMA NFs presented smaller diameter, the NF / PEMA standard showed 0.42 μm whereas NF / 20 1.14 μm and the NF / 10 was 0.87μm. The fibers were considered hydrophobic by means of the wettability analysis. The DRX and the FTIR proved a presence of PEMA and suggested a presence of NYS. The diffusion test on agar demonstrated that as fibers failed to inhibit a proliferation of C. albicans.
Shajii, Leylanaz. "Isolation and identification of biodegradation products released from dental composite resins with varying concentrations of resin and filler." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29385.pdf.
Full textSouza, Ivana Agnoletto. "Avalia??o da resist?ncia de uni?o das interfaces de cimenta??o de onlays em resina composta CAD/CAM." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2016. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6795.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The aim of the study was to evaluate, in vitro, the weakest bond interface in Lava Ultimate onlays luted to the tooth preparation with Single Bond Universal and RelyX Ultimate. The following variables were tested: a) total-etch or the self-etch technique; b) with and without adhesive application on the internal surface of the onlay; c) with and without cyclic loading. Fifty-six Lava Ultimate onlays were milled and luted to the human tooth preparations according to the variables, being formed eight groups (n = 7): G1 and G2 - Single Bond Universal applied in the total-etch mode; G3 and G4 - Single Bond Universal applied in the self-etch mode; G5 and G6 - Single Bond Universal applied in the total-etch mode + adhesive application on the onlay; G7 and G8 - Single Bond Universal in the self-etch mode + adhesive application on the onlay. The onlays were luted with RelyX Ultimate. After storage in distilled water at 37? C for 24 h, only the samples from G2, G4, G6 and G8 were submitted to cyclic loading at 100 N using 1000,000 cycles. Beams with a cross section area of ~0.80 mm2 from all groups were obtained and submitted to a microtensile bond strength test in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The types of failure were observed in optical microscope. The microtensile bond strength values were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and post-hoc multiple comparison using Tukey?s test (?=0.05). There was a significant interaction between the three factors (p = 0.006).The means followed by the same letter represent no statistical difference for the microtensile bond strength (MPa): G6 = 34.64 (?34.64)a, G1 = 34.48 (?12.58)a, G2 = 31.94 (?9.18) ab, G5 = 30.88 (?6.85)abc, G7 = 26.66 (?8.25)bc, G8 = 24.03 (?7.65)cd, G4 = 18.81 (?4.14)de, G3 = 14.64 (?5.35)e. Most failures were at the resinous agent-restoration interface. It was concluded that the resinous agent-restoration interface corresponds to the weakest interface in Lava Ultimate onlays luted with Single Bond Universal and RelyX Ultimate. The application of Single Bond Universal on the internal surface of the onlay was not a relevant procedure.
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, in vitro, a interface de uni?o menos resistente de onlays em resina composta Lava Ultimate cimentadas ao preparo dent?rio com Single Bond Universal e RelyX Ultimate, nas seguintes vari?veis: a) aplica??o do sistema adesivo no modo total-etch e self-etch; b) com e sem aplica??o do adesivo na superf?cie interna da onlay; c) sem e com ciclagem mec?nica. Ao total foram fresadas 56 onlays em resina composta Lava Ultimate, sendo cimentadas aos preparos em dentes humanos de acordo com as vari?veis empregadas, sendo formados oito grupos (n=7): G1 e G2 - Single Bond Universal na vers?o total-etch; G3 e G4 - Single Bond Universal na vers?o self-etch; G5 e G6 - Single Bond Universal na vers?o total-etch + adesivo na onlay; G7 e G8 - Single Bond Universal na vers?o self-etch + adesivo na onlay. As onlays foram cimentadas com o cimento resinoso RelyX Ultimate. Ap?s armazenamento em ?gua destilada a 37? C por 24 h, apenas as amostras do G2, G4, G6 e G8 foram submetidas ? ciclagem mec?nica com carga vertical de 100 N na superf?cie oclusal das coroas, totalizando 1.000.000 de ciclos. Todas as restaura??es, de todos os grupos, foram seccionadas nos eixos x e y para obten??o de corpos de prova em forma de palitos, com aproximadamente 0,80 mm2 de sec??o transversal. Os corpos de prova foram submetidos ao teste de microtra??o na m?quina de ensaio universal EMIC-DL 2000 com velocidade de 0,5 mm/minuto. Os tipos de falha foram observados em microsc?pio ?ptico. Os valores de resist?ncia ? microtra??o foram analisados pela ANOVA de tr?s vias, seguido do teste de Tukey ao n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Houve intera??o significativa entre os tr?s fatores (p=0,006). As m?dias seguidas de mesma letra n?o diferem estatisticamente para a resist?ncia ? microtra??o (MPa): G6 = 34,64 (?34,64)a, G1 = 34,48 (?12,58)a, G2 = 31,94 (?9,18) ab, G5 = 30,88 (?6,85)abc, G7 = 26,66 (?8,25)bc, G8 = 24,03 (?7,65)cd, G4 = 18,81 (?4,14)de, G3 = 14,64 (?5,35)e. A maioria das falhas foram na interface agente resinoso-restaura??o. Conclui-se que a interface agente resinoso/restaura??o corresponde ? interface menos resistente na cimenta??o de onlays em resina composta Lava Ultimate quando empregado o sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal e o cimento resinoso RelyX Ultimate. A aplica??o do adesivo Single Bond Universal na superf?cie interna da restaura??o n?o se mostrou um procedimento relevante.
Pinto, Manuel Carlos Araújo de Miranda. "Avaliação da resistência adesiva de três tipos de cimentos resinosos frente à cerâmica a base de dissilicato de lítio." Universidade de Taubaté, 2009. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=443.
Full textThis study hypothesized that resin cements with different activation modes and mechanisms have the same bond strength towards ceramic interface. Objectives: To evaluate the tensile bond strength of resin-fixing agent, self cured resin cement (C & B, Bisco), dual cement (Panavia, Kuraray) and self-adhesive (Relix U-100) towards the base of a ceramic of lithium disilicate (IPS-Empress Ivoclar Vivadent). Methodology: Nine blocks of ceramics and composite resins were prepared with dimensions 6mmx6mmx6mm. The surface of the porcelain and the composite was treated and the fixing agent (Panavia, C & B, ReLyX U-100), was applied. The composite block was photopolymerized for forty seconds on each side of the block. All samples were stored in deionized water at 37C for twenty-four hours. Afterwards, samples were cut to form matchstick slices 1mm -thick, with a total de 15 per group (n=15). The samples were submitted to microtensile testing at a Kratos universal testing machine (0.05mm/min) and the results were analyzed statistically. The pattern of fracture was observed in stereoscopic and classified. Result: The dual-cure cement (Panavia F) showed higher bond strengths whereas the self-adhesive cement (Relyx U-100) showed the lowest bond strength among groups. Most of the fracture occurred inside the adhesive interface, characterizing the efficiency and reliability of this test in the evaluation of cements. Conclusions: The self-adhesive cement exhibited lower bond strength compared to the other agents. The dual cured cement system presented a slightly better performance than the self-cured cement.
Susin, Samuel Brando. "Avaliação das técnicas de dispersão mecânica e ultrassônica de nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas em resina epóxi." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2010. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/572.
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In this study nanotubes/epoxy composites were produced in order to evaluate which of the two studied techniques would result in a better degree of dispersion and unentanglement of carbon nanotubes in epoxy resin. The analized techniques were mechanical dispersion with a DRAIS mixer and sonication. The nanocomposites obtained were evaluated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Also the activation energys of the systems were calculated from differential scanning calorimetry data. The results obtained indicates that the degree of dispersion for the mechanical processing method seems better than that of sonication. It could be due to the interference of nanotubes on the crosslink network formation, which resulted on the increase of cure reaction activation energy for the mechanically dispersed samples. However, the sonicated samples activation energy decreased indicating a less dispersed and more agglomerated state.
Kasuya, Amanda Vessoni Barbosa. "Comportamento biomecânico de pinos personalizados em remanescente dentário fragilizado." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7284.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The objectives of this work were to evaluate the stress distribution (SD), fracture resistance (RF), adhesive strength (AS) and their respective fracture patterns of weekeaned bovine roots, rehabilitated with customized pins with different resinous materials. In addition, the objective of this study was to evaluate the polymerization depth of the resinous materials by Knoop microhardness method (MH). Eight experimental groups were established (n = 10 for FR and AS; n = 5 for MH), with the factor under study: 1. The post type (industrialized glass fiber post relined (I) and personalized post (P), 2. the relining material only for industrialized glass fiber post (experimental composite (e) and composite resin (R)); 3. the material used only for personalized post (experimental composite (e) and bulk fill resin (b), and 4. the amount of remaining dentin (root embrittlement inner wear, in lengths of 5 mm or 10 mm). One hundred and forty bovine roots of similar size were selected and restored according to the group to which they belonged. For FR, Pperiodontal and alveolar bone were simulated and the specimens were placed in an Instron 5965 machine at a 135 ° angle to the long axis and loaded at a constant velocity of 0.5 mm/min in compression until the fracture. The fracture pattern was classified as: F1- crown; F2- root; F3- crown/root; F4- fracture with displacement of the crown/post. For AS, the specimens were sectioned in slices of 1 mm perpendicular to their long axis. Each specimen was placed in a test machine to received the load in the apical-coronal direction, at a constant velocity of 0.5mm / min, pushing the pin through the largest side of the sample until fracture. The fracture pattern was classified as: F1- cohesive of the pin and/or reline material; F2- cohesive of dentin; F3- adhesive of pin/reline material; F4 - Adhesive bonding cement/ eline material and F5 - mixed. For MH, the specimens were sectioned parallel to their long axis. The tests were performed with a Knoop penetrator under a static charge of 50 grams per 10 seconds. MH was calculated as the average value for each third. Finally, the finite element method was used to analyze the DT. 3D virtual models representative of each experimental group were created and analyzed under von Mises equivalent stresses criterion, simulating loading of 100N at a 45o angle with the long axis. The experimental composite proved to be an alternative for the rehabilitation of weakened roots when used to create personalized posts or when used as a relining material, with FR values similar to the traditional technique, but with more favorable stress distributions. Moreover, it presented excellent adhesive strength to the dentin structure, being comparable to conventional composite resin and bulk fill resin. The bulk fill resin resulted in low values of fracture resistance associated with the fracture and displacement of post/crown. Lower microhardness values were observed in the apical third for bulk fill resin.
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a distribuição de tensões (DT), resistência à fratura (RF), resistência adesiva (RA) e seus respectivos padrões de fratura de raízes bovinas fragilizadas, reabilitadas com pinos personalizados com diferentes materiais resinosos. Além disso, objetivou-se avaliar a profundidade de polimerização dos materiais resinosos por meio do método de microdureza Knoop (MD). Oito grupos experimentais foram criados (n=10 para RF e RA; n=5 para MD), tendo como fator em estudo: 1. o tipo de pino utilizado (pino de fibra de vidro industrializado reembasado (I) e pino personalizado (P)); 2. o material de reembasamento apenas para os pinos industrializados (compósito experimental (e) e resina composta (r)); 3. o material utilizado para confecção apenas dos pinos personalizados (compósito experimental (e) e resina bulk fill (b)); e 4. a quantidade de dentina remanescente (fragilização radicular por desgaste interno nos comprimentos de 5 mm ou 10 mm). Cento e quarenta raízes bovinas com dimensões semelhantes foram selecionadas e restauradas de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertenciam. Para RF, ligamento periodontal e osso alveolar foram simulados e os espécimes posicionados em máquina Instron 5965, em um ângulo de 135° em relação ao longo eixo do dente de modo que recebessem carregamento à velocidade constante de 0,5mm/min em compressão até a fratura. Em seguida, o padrão de fratura foi classificado em: F1- coroa; F2- raiz; F3- coroa/raiz; F4- fratura com deslocamento do conjunto coroa/pino. Para RA, os espécimes foram seccionados em fatias 1 mm perpendicularmente ao seu longo eixo. Cada espécime foi posicionado em máquina de ensaio de modo que recebessem a carga no sentido apical-coronal, à velocidade constante de 0,5mm/min, empurrando o pino através do maior lado da amostra até a fratura. O padrão de fratura foi classificado em: F1 - coesiva do pino e/ou material de reembasamento; F2 - coesiva da dentina; F3 - adesiva pino/material de reembasmento; F4 - adesiva material de reembasamento/cimento e F5 – mista. Para MD, os espécimes foram seccionados paralelamente ao seu longo eixo. Os testes foram realizados com um penetrador Knoop sob uma carga estática de 50 gramas por 10 segundos. MD foi calculada como o valor médio para cada terço. E por fim, o método de elementos finitos foi empregado para analisar a DT. Modelos virtuais 3D representativos de cada grupo experimental foram criados e analisados sob critério de tensões equivalentes de von Mises, simulando carregamento de 100N em um ângulo de 45o com o longo eixo. O compósito experimental demostrou ser uma alternativa para a reabilitação de raízes fragilizadas quando utilizado para criar pinos personalizados ou quando utilizado como material de reembasamento de pinos, com valores de resistência à fratura semelhantes à técnica tradicional porém, com distribuição de tensões mais favoráveis. Além disso, apresentou excelente resistência adesiva à estrutura dentinária, sendo comparável à resina composta convencional e à resina bulk fill. Já a resina bulk fill resultou em baixos valores de resistência à fratura associado ao deslocamento do conjunto pino/coroa protética. Valores de microdureza inferiores foram observados no terço apical para a bulk fill.
Malafaia, Fabiano Martins. "Efeito da ciclagem térmica e imersão em clorexidina nas propriedades físicas das resinas de bisacrilato de metila e metacrilato de metila." Universidade de Taubaté, 2009. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=404.
Full textThe use of acrylic resins is quite spread in dental practice, being accomplished temporary restorations with this material during the prosthetic treatment. Two chemical groups of this material exist, bis-acryl resins and another of methacrylate resins. Aim: This study verified the flexural resistance, micro hardness, superficial roughness and the color variation of four temporary resins submitted to thermo cycling and chlorexidine immersion. Methods: Luxatemp and Structur 2, bis-acryl based resins, and, Duralay and Alike, methacrylate based resins, has been used. The specimens (n=220) were divided in four groups, in agreement with the accomplished rehearsal, being appraised in three different times: after 24 hours, after the thermo cycling (2000 cycles) and after the thermo cycling followed by the immersion in 0.12% chlorexidine solution during 14 days. The tests were accomplished to the flexural, microhardness, superficial roughness and the color variation verification in all of the experimental times. Results: The results were statistically verified with ANOVA test followed by a t-test (p<0.05). Thermo cycling decreased flexural resistance and micro hardness, increased superficial roughness and caused color variation in all studied resins. Chlorexidine immersion did not changes physicals properties of studied resins, but caused color variation in methacrylate resins. Conclusions: The bis-acryl resins obtained results superiors to the checked for the methacrylate resins in all the experimental tests. Thermo cycling manegeament affected negatively all the studied resins. Only bis-acryl resins didnt presented color variation caused by chlorexidine immersion.
Silva, Marcelo de Assumpcao Pereira da. "Estudo de Litografia por Feixe de Elétrons para a Produção de Padrões Sobre Substratos de Eletroestruturas." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-11092008-165630/.
Full textThe work describe the conditions for pattern production at nano and micrometric scale using the electronic lithographic process. In the first part many types of lithographic technics are compared and the aim why the electron beam lithographic nanostructured production was chosen. Detailed results about operation with the lithographic system and some problems related to electron resist, substrate and interaction between electron beam and sample are presented. The most important substrate aspects are shown. The two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) semiconductors heterostrutures and the M B E process to grow samples are discussed too. The conditions to develop electron resist and steps for pattern transfer over the substrate are discussed. Many experimental studies were realized to show the influence and some effects, common to the lithographic process, such as electron resist thickness and the proximity effect. A production of pattern on some kind of substrate like GaAs, Glass, Aluminum, Silver can also be observed. In the last part of this work some discussion about utilisation of hybrid electron resist composite PMMA-Silica was done, as well as very important technics for ceramic conformation. Finally, the main goal of this work is presented: the production of different nanostructure samples using AlGaAs/GaAs substrates.
Ramos, Anna Thereza Peroba Rezende. "Efeitos dos protocolos de irrigação durante o preparo do espaço protético sobre a adesão de pino de fibra na dentina radicular /." Araraquara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181219.
Full textResumo: Objetivo: avaliar a influência do protocolo de irrigação: sem irrigação (WI), com irrigação alternada (AI) ou com a irrigação contínua (CI), em diferentes situações que influência diretamente na qualidade de adesão do pino de fibra de vidro ao substrato dentinário, para isso analisamos presença de resíduos, quantidade de túbulos dentinários abertos; resistência de união do sistema de cimentação na dentina; padrão de fratura da adesão e penetrabilidade dentinária. Material e métodos: raízes de incisivos bovinos foram obturadas, submetidas ao preparo para pino de fibra e distribuídas em grupos, de acordo com o protocolo de irrigação: (WI); (AI) e (CI), e o cimento utilizado (Allcem Core RelyX Ultimate). Após a conclusão do preparo, as raízes foram subdivididos em grupos (n=10), onde foram avaliadas em MEV para avaliar a presença de resíduos, em MEV para incidência de túbulos dentinários abertos na superfície dentinária, Microscopia Confocal a laser para avaliar a penetrabilidade, Estereomicroscopio para avaliar o padrão de fratura. Pinos de fibra foram cimentados com sistema de cimentação (RelyX Ultimate) nos demais espécimes (n=10) e submetidos ao teste de push-out e avaliação do padrão de fratura. Resultados: Em todas as avaliações os grupos que tiveram irrigação contínua no preparo do pino apresentaram valores significativamente melhores em relação ao que estava sendo analisado em especifico (P > 0,05). Os terços cervical e médio também apresentaram melhores resultado compar... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the irrigation protocol: without irrigation (WI), alternate irrigation (AI) or continuous irrigation (CI), in different situations that directly influence the adhesion quality of the fiber post to the dentin substrate, for this we analyzed the residues presence, the number of open dentinal tubules; bonding strength of the cementation system in dentin; adhesion failure pattern and dentin penetrability. Material and methods: roots of bovine were obturated, submitted to preparation for fiber post and distributed in groups, according to the irrigation protocol: (WI); (AI) and (CI), and the cement used (Allcem Core RelyX Ultimate). After the preparation was completed, the roots were subdivided into groups (n = 10), where they were evaluated in SEM to evaluate the residues, in SEM for incidence of open dentinal tubules on the dentin surface, Confocal laser microscopy to evaluate the penetrability, stereomicroscope to evaluate the failure pattern. Posts were cemented with cementation system (RelyX Ultimate) in the other specimens (n = 10) and submitted to the push-out test and evaluation of the failure pattern. Results: In all evaluations, the groups that had continuous irrigation in the preparation of the post showed significantly better values than the one being analyzed in specific (P> 0.05). The cervical and middle thirds also presented better results compared to the apical thirds. Conclusion: WI caused a greater p... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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