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Academic literature on the topic 'Résonance magnétique nucléaire fonctionnelle RMNf'
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Journal articles on the topic "Résonance magnétique nucléaire fonctionnelle RMNf"
Ait Bentaleb, L., E. Stip, A. Mendrek, B. Mensour, and M. Beauregard. "Effet de l’écoute de mots déjà hallucinés chez des sujets schizophrènes en remission: étude de six cas par la résonance magnétique nucléaire fonctionnelle." L'Encéphale 32, no. 1 (February 2006): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7006(06)76134-6.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Résonance magnétique nucléaire fonctionnelle RMNf"
Baligand, Céline. "De la visualisation directe de traitements à l'évaluation fonctionnelle du muscle strié squelettique : une approche intégrative par RMN in vivo." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112067.
Full textThis work deals with the development of non-invasive NMR tools at 4T dedicated to the study of skeletal muscle function and therapies. The first part includes a review of cell therapy imaging technics. We explored the possibility of using direct loading with MR contrast agents: gadolinium chelates (Gd-DTPA) and iron oxide particles (SPIOs). A xenograft model was used to take advantage of the rapid rejection process. In this way, we evaluated the capacity of each agent to strictly reflect the status of the graft in vivo. Loaded human myoblasts were injected in the leg of immunocompetent mice and Tl weighted imaging was regularly performed until 3 months after injection. Results showed that SPIOs could dramatically overestimate cell surviving while Gd-DTPA was visible only few weeks after cells rejection. We concluded that SPIOs could hardly be recommended for long-term monitoring studies. The second part describes the classic NMR tools for perfusion and energy metabolism measurement. We compared one-compartment and two- compartment models for the calculation of perfusion. In a simulation study, we tested the validity of the one compartment model at 4T in our experimental conditions. In the third part, we proposed a new method to explore both perfusion and energy metabolism in vivo in exercising mouse leg. ³¹P-NMR spectroscopy and ASL-perfusion imaging were interleaved so that in a single exam both vascular and energetic responses were obtained. The strategy we use dis based on the repetition of several successive exercises and the gated summation of results. Improved coefficients of variation allowed for a better estimate of mitochondrial oxidative capacities. We then used our method to investigate perfusion and metabolism changes in different models of muscle hypertrophy: myostatin knock-out and myostatin blockade using follistatin coding plasmid electrotransfer
Truflandier, Lionel. "Détermination de paramètres RMN par la théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité : application aux éléments 3d en RMN de l'état solide." Nante, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT2083.
Full textBesides Zeeman levels perturbation, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) applied to solid state allows the observation of numerous coupling interactions that are not accessible in liquid state. Despite sequential developments for high resolution measurements, interpretation of resonance spectra remains delicate. .
Agez, Morgane. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle de la protéine chaperon d'histones Asf1." Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00268886.
Full textBlanc, Jordy. "Modifications métaboliques lors de l'activation cérébrale : suivi par spectroscopie de résonance magnétique nucléaire du proton et du carbone 13." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0336/document.
Full textLactate has been considered as a waste metabolite for many years. However, this vision has been reconsidered recently, with the appearance of the notion of aerobic glycolysis and lactate shuttles in different cell types (muscle, brain, and sperm). Concerning the brain, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies carried out over the last 20 years have shown, on the one hand, that astrocytes produce lactate and, on the other hand, that lactate can be an energetic substrate for the central nervous system (CNS), and more particularly neurons. This lactate shuttle between astrocyte and neuron was first proposed in 1994 by Pellerin and Magistretti (called ANLS, for astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle). Despite many studies since then, the existence of a net transfer of lactate between astrocytes and neurons has still not been demonstrated in vivo. In this regard, visualization of lactate production in vivo in the activated brain is essential. The role of lactate transporters, MCTs (Monocarboxylate Transporters), in detecting this signal is also a key issue. The objective of this thesis was to develop in vivo NMR spectroscopy located in the somato-sensory cortex of rats under brain activation conditions. First, experiments were carried out to develop the neural stimulation protocol and to obtain a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio to be able to quantify lactate. Once the protocol was established on control rats, the study was performed on genetically modified rats and down-regulated for MCT, either neuronal or astrocytic. The aim was to determine whether this key partner of the ANLS has an influence on lactate fluctuations during brain activation. In addition to in vivo proton spectroscopy and functional MRI, carbon-13 NMR studies were performed ex vivo. The major result of this thesis shows that in the absence of the neuronal lactate transporter, not only is the increase in lactate lost during brain stimulation but the BOLD signal on the fMRI is also lost. This result suggests, for the first time, that neural activity is highly dependent on the lactate transporter
Boudet, Julien. "Etude RMN structurale et fonctionnelle de macromolécules biologiques impliquées dans des modulations de pathogénicité bactérienne et virale." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10215.
Full textAt the cellular level, a continually regulated communication must be maintained between internai control centers (in charge of biological macromolecules production and management) and the peripheral receptors (extra or intracellular) starting points of the response. This process is dedicated to the living organism integrity preservation. Decoding the molecular steps required to explain complicated interaction mechanisms (like signal transduction requires the use of powerful biophysical tools, as they are able to provide appropriate information for the building of integrated physiological or pathological models. Thus, three complementary biophysical methods (isothermal titration calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance and fluorescence) were analyzed in terms of investigation strategy and limitations. Two projects linked to bacterial and viral pathogenicity modulations were subsequently treated. One ofthem, the phenomenon ofbacterial resistance to antibiotics, was approached according to two different angles. First ofall, several NMR experiments were performed to improve the current knowledge ofmolecular details constituting the signal transduction processes responsible for the destruction ofbeta-lactams antibiotics. More particularly, the lack ofrepression of genes encoding for the beta-lactamase was studied. Ln a second approach, new protein targets were searched and the solution structure oh new protein was solved. Acquired results and deduced models are displayed in this manuscript. To finish, a study combining genetic engineering, NMR, crystallography and in vivo fluorescence was intended to break through an understanding of the inter-species transmissibility phenomenon of the influenza virus at the atomic level (notably thanks to the first high-resolution structure of the C-terminal ITagment of the PB2 subunit of the viral irifluenza polymerase)
El, Antak Latifa. "Analyse génomique fonctionnelle par RMN de cytochromes c3 de la Bactérie Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11030.
Full textLefèvre, Julien. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle de la protéine HasB, impliquée dans l'acquisition de l'hème chez Serratia marcescens." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066463.
Full textIn Gram negative bacteria, some molecules such as siderophores or heme must be actively transported through the outer membrane. This transport requires outer membrane receptors which interact and internalize the ligand through the membrane. This transport requires the inner membrane protein TonB, which interacts with these receptors through a globular domain named periplasmic domain. In addition to the TonB protein, the Gram negative bacteria Serratia marcescens possesses a supplementary TonB-like protein called HasB. This protein is a component of the hemophore-dependent heme acquisition system of S. Marcescens. This system involves a soluble extracellular protein that acquires free or hemoprotein-bound heme and delivers it to a specific outer membrane receptor (HasR). In S. Marcescens both HasB and TonB are active for heme uptake via the HasR receptor. However, HasB can not replace TonB for the others TonB-dependent processes. There is a great deal of evidence that HasB behaves as a specific TonB-like protein dedicated to heme uptake through the HasR receptor. In order to understand the basis of this specificity, NMR structural study of the periplasmic domain of HasB was carried out. Cloning, expression and purification steps of an isotopically labeled sample were optimized. Heteronuclear 3D spectra analysis enabled us to assign backbone and side chain resonances and to localize secondary structure elements. Additionally, the HasB-HasR interaction was studied by ITC microcalorimetry in order to characterize the specificity of this interaction
Mas, Guillaume. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle par RMN d'une chaperonine de 1 MDa en action." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAV036/document.
Full textChaperonins are essential molecular chaperons for the refolding of proteins in the cells. Size and complexity of these biological machineries make complex the study of their structural and functional properties. NMR spectroscopy offers an unique ability to monitor structural and dynamic changes in real-time and at atomic resolution. However, the NMR studies of large proteins and complexes has been a real challenge for a long time. In the first part of this thesis, it has been shown that the combination of methyl specific labeling, optimized NMR spectroscopy for large assemblies and electron microscopy can be used to monitor the different states of the functional cycle of a 1 MDa chaperonin. To study this mechanism, the native chaperonin was reconstituted with a labeling of the methionines and valines methyl groups. Methionines residues have been used as probes to identify the NMR spectra corresponding to intermediates states and active species of the functional cycle. Thanks to theses probes, it has been possible to follow in real time the structural rearrangements corresponding to the different conformations of the chaperonin during its functional cycle. The second part deals with the characterization of the interaction between the chaperonin and an unfolded protein. Observation of the stabilization of the unfolded protein by the chaperonin allowed to identify the holdase activity of the chaperonin. Using a clever combination of a differential methyl labeling and optimized NMR spectroscopy for large assemblies, it has been possible to follow the refolding of the unfolded protein by the chaperonin and the effects of the unfolded protein on the functional cycle of the chaperonin in action
ROTH, MURIEL. "Développements méthodologiques en imagerie d'activation cérébrale chez l'homme par résonance magnétique nucléaire : quantification de flux, imagerie de l'effet BOLD et correction des mouvements de la tête." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10016.
Full textFrenal, Karine. "Caractérisation structurale et fonctionnelle de TgDRE : une enzyme de réparation de l' ADN du parasite Toxoplasma gondii." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066031.
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