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Journal articles on the topic "Resonant neurons"
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Vazifehkhah Ghaffari, Babak, Mojgan Kouhnavard, Takeshi Aihara, and Tatsuo Kitajima. "Mathematical Modeling of Subthreshold Resonant Properties in Pyloric Dilator Neurons." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/135787.
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Various types of neurons exhibit subthreshold resonance oscillation (preferred frequency response) to fluctuating sinusoidal input currents. This phenomenon is well known to influence the synaptic plasticity and frequency of neural network oscillation. This study evaluates the resonant properties of pacemaker pyloric dilator (PD) neurons in the central pattern generator network through mathematical modeling. From the pharmacological point of view, calcium currents cannot be blocked in PD neurons without removing the calcium-dependent potassium current. Thus, the effects of calciumICaand calcium-dependent potassiumIKCacurrents on resonant properties remain unclear. By taking advantage of Hodgkin-Huxley-type model of neuron and its equivalent RLC circuit, we examine the effects of changing resting membrane potential and those ionic currents on the resonance. Results show that changing the resting membrane potential influences the amplitude and frequency of resonance so that the strength of resonance (Q-value) increases by both depolarization and hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential. Moreover, hyperpolarization-activated inward currentIhandICa(in association withIKCa) are dominant factors on resonant properties at hyperpolarized and depolarized potentials, respectively. Through mathematical analysis, results indicate thatIhandIKCaaffect the resonant properties of PD neurons. However,ICaonly has an amplifying effect on the resonance amplitude of these neurons.
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Tennigkeit, Frank, Craig R. Ries, Dietrich W. F. Schwarz, and Ernest Puil. "Isoflurane Attenuates Resonant Responses of Auditory Thalamic Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 78, no. 2 (August 1, 1997): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.591.
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Tennigkeit, Frank, Craig R. Ries, Dietrich W. F. Schwarz, and Ernest Puil. Isoflurane attenuates resonant responses of auditory thalamic neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 591–596, 1997. In thalamocortical neurons, sensory signals are transformed differently during various states of consciousness. We investigated the effects of a general anesthetic, isoflurane, on the frequency responses of neurons in the ventral medial geniculate body, the primary nucleus of the auditory thalamus. Using slice preparations, whole cell current-clamp recording techniques, and frequency-domain analyses with oscillatory inputs, we observed a resonance in the hyperpolarized voltage range, implying a frequency preference near 1 Hz in the subthreshold frequency responses of medial geniculate neurons. As in other thalamocortical neurons, an interaction of a T-type Ca2+ current with passive membrane properties generates the resonant responses. The frequency preference shapes the input-output signal transformation, coupling oscillatory inputs at preferred frequencies to firing. Thus resonance may contribute to the rhythmic synchronization of the output to the cortex. In a concentration range of 0.5–3%, isoflurane application reversibly decreased the resonant responses of medial geniculate neurons. Throughout the subthreshold voltage range, it reduced impedance at frequencies <10 Hz. At depolarized potentials near −60 mV, isoflurane reduced the low-pass filter selectivity of the neuron membrane. At rest near −70 mV or at hyperpolarized potentials, isoflurane had a greater effect on resonance (centered at ∼1 Hz), reducing the peak impedance more than the magnitudes at other frequencies. At concentrations of ≥2%, isoflurane completely blocked the resonance peak, thereby imposing low-pass characteristics of poor quality throughout the subthreshold voltage range. Application of isoflurane reversibly increased membrane conductance and the current threshold for firing evoked by depolarizing pulses from potentials between −60 and −90 mV. The neurons discharged in a tonic pattern on depolarization from about −60 mV and in a phasic (burst) mode from potentials negative to about −70 mV. An increase in current amplitude compensated the suppression of tonic firing much more readily than that of the burst firing on a low-threshold Ca2+ spike. Although a reduction in T-type Ca2+ channel activationmay occur during isoflurane application, the depression of resonance is consistent with an interaction of a greatly increased leak conductance with the low-threshold Ca2+ current and the membrane capacitance. In the intact animal, this would tend to disrupt synchronized neural oscillations and the transfer of auditory information.
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Puil, E., H. Meiri, and Y. Yarom. "Resonant behavior and frequency preferences of thalamic neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.2.575.
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1. We studied the voltage responses of thalamocortical neurons to a periodic current input of variable frequency, in slices of mediodorsal thalamus (guinea pig). The ratio of the Fourier transform of the voltage response to the Fourier transform of the oscillatory current input was used to calculate the frequency response of the neurons at different resting and imposed membrane potentials. 2. Most neurons displayed a resonant hump in the frequency response curve. A narrow band of low-frequency (2-4 Hz) resonance occurred near the resting level [-66 +/- 8 mV (SD)] and at imposed membrane potentials in a range of -60 to -80 mV. An additional wide band (12-26 Hz) of peak resonant frequencies was observed at depolarized levels. 3. The low-frequency resonance was insensitive to tetrodotoxin (TTX) application in concentrations (0.5-1 microM) that blocked a depolarization activated inward rectifier and Na(+)-dependent action potentials. TTX, however, eliminated the wide-band resonant hump centered at 12-26 Hz that we observed at depolarized membrane potentials. 4. Application of Ni2+ (0.5-1 mM) reversibly blocked all slow spikes and greatly reduced the low-frequency resonant humps, without changing the resting potential. Octanol in concentrations of 50 microM had similar effects. 5. Application of Cs+ (3-5 mM), a blocker of the hyperpolarization activated inward rectifier, produced a 5- to 10-mV depolarization and completely blocked the rectification. Cs+ did not alter the low-frequency resonant hump or its dependence on membrane voltage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Hutcheon, B., R. M. Miura, and E. Puil. "Subthreshold membrane resonance in neocortical neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 2 (August 1, 1996): 683–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.683.
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1. Using whole cell recording techniques, we studied subthreshold and suprathreshold voltage responses to oscillatory current inputs in neurons from the sensorimotor cortex of juvenile rats. 2. Based on firing patterns, neurons were classified as regular spiking (RS), intrinsic bursting (IB), and fast spiking (FS). The subthreshold voltage-current relationships of RS and IB neurons were rectifying whereas FS neurons were almost ohmic near rest. 3. Frequency response curves (FRCs) for neurons were determined by analyzing the frequency content of inputs and outputs. The FRCs of most neurons were voltage dependent at frequencies below, but not above, 20 Hz. Approximately 60% of RS and IB neurons had a membrane resonance at their resting potential. Resonant frequencies were between 0.7 and 2.5 Hz (24-26 degrees C) near -70 mV and usually increased with hyperpolarization and decreased with depolarization. The remaining RS and IB neurons and all FS neurons were nonresonant. 4. Resonant neurons near rest had a selective coupling between oscillatory inputs and firing. These neurons selectively fired action potentials when the frequency of the swept-sine-wave (ZAP) current input was near the resonant frequency. However, when these neurons were depolarized to -60 mV, spike firing was associated with many input frequencies rather than selectively near the resonant frequency. 5. We examined three subthreshold currents that could cause low-frequency resonance: IH, a slow, hyperpolarization-activated cation current that was blocked by external Cs+ but not Ba2+; IIR, an instantaneously activating, inwardly rectifying K+ current that was blocked by both Cs+ and Ba2+; and INaP, an quickly activating, inwardly rectifying persistent Na+ current that was blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX). Voltage-clamp experiments defined the relative steady state activation ranges of these currents. IIR (activates below -80 mV) and INaP (activates above -65 mV) are unlikely to interact with each other because their activation ranges never overlap. However, both currents may interact with IH, which activated variably at potentials between -50 and -90 mV in different neurons. 6. We found that IH produces subthreshold response. Consistent with this, subthreshold resonance was blocked by external Cs+ but not Ba2+ or TTX. Application of Ba2+ enlarged FRCs and resonance at potentials below -80 mV, indicating that IK,ir normally attenuates resonance. Application of TTX greatly diminished resonance at potentials more depolarized than -65 mV, indicating that INaP normally amplifies resonance at these potentials. 7. The ZAP current input may be viewed as a model of oscillatory currents that arise in neocortical neurons during synchronized activity in the brain. We propose that the frequency selectivity endowed on neurons by IH may contribute to their participation in synchronized firing. The voltage dependence of the frequency-selective coupling between oscillatory inputs and spikes may indicate a novel mechanism for controlling the extent of low-frequency synchronized activity in the neocortex.
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Webb, Barbara, Jan Wessnitzer, Sarah Bush, Johannes Schul, Jonas Buchli, and Auke Ijspeert. "Resonant neurons and bushcricket behaviour." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 193, no. 2 (December 19, 2006): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-006-0199-1.
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Blankenburg, Sven, Wei Wu, Benjamin Lindner, and Susanne Schreiber. "Information filtering in resonant neurons." Journal of Computational Neuroscience 39, no. 3 (November 6, 2015): 349–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10827-015-0580-6.
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Leung, L. Stan, and Hui-Wen Yu. "Theta-Frequency Resonance in Hippocampal CA1 Neurons In Vitro Demonstrated by Sinusoidal Current Injection." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 1592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.3.1592.
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Leung, L. Stan and Hui-Wen Yu. Theta-frequency resonance in hippocampal CA1 neurons in vitro demonstrated by sinusoidal current injection. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 1592–1596, 1998. Sinusoidal currents of various frequencies were injected into hippocampal CA1 neurons in vitro, and the membrane potential responses were analyzed by cross power spectral analysis. Sinusoidal currents induced a maximal (resonant) response at a theta frequency (3–10 Hz) in slightly depolarized neurons. As predicted by linear systems theory, the resonant frequency was about the same as the natural (spontaneous) oscillation frequency. However, in some cases, the resonant frequency was higher than the spontaneous oscillation frequency, or resonance was found in the absence of spontaneous oscillations. The sharpness of the resonance ( Q), measured by the peak frequency divided by the half-peak power bandwidth, increased from a mean of 0.44 at rest to 0.83 during a mean depolarization of 6.5 mV. The phase of the driven oscillations changed most rapidly near the resonant frequency, and it shifted about 90° over the half-peak bandwidth of 8.4 Hz. Similar results were found using a sinusoidal function of slowly changing frequency as the input. Sinusoidal currents of peak-to-peak intensity of >100 pA may evoke nonlinear responses characterized by second and higher harmonics. The theta-frequency resonance in hippocampal neurons in vitro suggests that the same voltage-dependent phenomenon may be important in enhancing a theta-frequency response when hippocampal neurons are driven by medial septal or other inputs in vivo.
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Hutcheon, B., R. M. Miura, and E. Puil. "Models of subthreshold membrane resonance in neocortical neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 2 (August 1, 1996): 698–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.698.
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1. We obtained whole cell data from sensorimotor cortical neurons of in vitro slices (juvenile rats) and observed a low-frequency resonance (1-2 Hz) in their voltage responses. We constructed models of subthreshold membrane currents to determine whether a hyperpolarization-activated cation current (IH) is sufficient to account for this resonance. 2. Parameter values for a basic IH (BH) model were estimated from voltage-clamp experiments at room temperature. The BH model formed a component of a reduced membrane (RM) model. On numerical integration, the RM model exhibited voltage sags and rebounds to injected current pulses; maximal voltage responses to injected oscillatory currents occurred near 2 Hz. 3. We compared the experimentally measured frequency-response curves (FRCs) at room temperature with the theoretical FRCs derived from the RM model. The theoretical FRCs exhibited resonant humps with peaks between 1 and 2 Hz. At 36 degrees C, the theoretical FRCs peaked near 10 Hz. The characteristics of theoretical and observed FRCs were in close agreement, demonstrating that IH is sufficient to cause resonance. Thus we classified IH as a resonator current. 4. We developed a technique, the reactive current clamp (RCC), to inject a computer-calculated current corresponding to a membrane ionic current in response to the membrane potential of the neuron. This enabled us to study the interaction of an artificial ionic current with living neurons (electronic pharmacology or EP-method). Using the RCC, a simplified version of the BH model was used to cancel an endogenous IH (electronic antagonism) and to introduce an artificial IH (electronic expression) when an endogenous IH was absent. Antagonism of IH eliminated sags and rebounds, whereas expression of IH endowed neurons with resonance and the frequency-selective firing that accompanies resonance in neurons with an endogenous IH. Previous investigations have relied on the specificity of pharmacological agents to block ionic channels, e.g., Cs+ to block IH. However, Cs+ additionally affects other currents. This represents the first time an in vitro modeling technique (RCC) has been used to antagonize a specific endogenous current, IH. 5. A simplified RM model yielded values of the resonant frequency and Q (an index of the sharpness of resonance), which rose almost linearly between -55 and -80 mV. Resonant frequencies could be much higher than fH = (2 pi tau H) - 1 where tau H is the activation time constant for IH. 6. In the FRCs, resonance appeared as a hump at intermediate frequencies because of low- and high-frequency attenuations due to IH and membrane capacitance, respectively. Changing the parameters of IH altered the low-frequency attenuation and, hence, the resonance. Changes in the leak conductance affected both the low- and high-frequency attenuations. 7. We modeled an inwardly rectifying K+ current (IIR) and a persistent Na+ current (INaP) to study their effects on resonance. Neither current produced resonance in the absence of IH. We found that IIR attenuated, whereas INaP amplified resonance. Thus IIR and INaP are classified as attenuator and amplifier currents, respectively. 8. Resonators and attenuators differ in that they have longer and shorter time constants, respectively, compared with the membrane time constant. Therefore, an increase in the leak conductance decreases the membrane time constant, which can transform an attenuator into a resonator, altering the frequency response. This suggests a novel mechanism for modulating the frequency responses of neurons to inputs. 9. These investigations have provided a theoretical framework for detailed understanding of mechanisms that produce resonance in cortical neurons. Resonance is one aspect of the intrinsic rhythmicity of neurons. The rhythmicity due to IH resonance is latent until it is revealed by oscillatory inputs. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
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Villacorta, J. A., and F. Panetsos. "Information coding by ensembles of resonant neurons." Biological Cybernetics 92, no. 5 (April 30, 2005): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00422-005-0554-2.
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Strohmann, B., D. W. Schwarz, and E. Puil. "Subthreshold frequency selectivity in avian auditory thalamus." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 1361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.4.1361.
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1. We studied the frequency responses of neurons in the nucleus ovoidalis (OV), the principal thalamic auditory relay nucleus of the chicken, in the subthreshold range of membrane potentials. The frequency response is the impedance amplitude profile evident in the voltage response to a broadband stimulus. The stimulus was a deterministic periodic current input of small amplitude, sweeping through a specified frequency range. We used whole-cell, tight-seal recording techniques in slices to study the voltage responses and membrane properties in current and voltage clamp. 2. Generally, low-frequency resonant humps with peak impedances of approximately 6 Hz characterized the frequency responses of OV neurons. This resonance was the principal determinant for frequency selectivity in the majority of OV neurons expressing only a tonic mode of firing. 3. The 6-Hz resonance was voltage dependent and most distinct where the activation ranges of a hyperpolarization activated inward current (IH) and a persistent Na+ current tend to overlap. The potential range for optimal resonance often included the resting potential. 4. Application of the Na+ current antagonist, tetrodotoxin, blocked the persistent Na+ current and most of the resonant hump at depolarized levels but did not affect the resonant peak along the frequency axis. Thus the persistent Na+ current may serve to amplify the resonance. 5. Extracellular application of Cs+, but not Ba2+, blocked a voltage sag during pulsed hyperpolarization as well as the IH current. Application of Cs+ also eliminated the 6-Hz resonance. An IH seems, therefore, instrumental for the resonance. 6. A minority of neurons that expressed low-threshold Ca2+ spikes and burst firing at hyperpolarized states displayed voltage oscillations at 2-4 Hz, spontaneously or in response to pulsatile stimuli. Application of Ni2+ blocked the oscillations and the low-threshold spikes, presumably produced by a T-type Ca2+ current. The resonance at 6 Hz, however, was only slightly affected by Ni2+. A T-type current, therefore, is critical for the 2- to 4-Hz oscillations. 7. Membrane resonance may dominate the power spectrum of subthreshold potential fluctuations. The resonance demonstrated in vitro may be stabilized by experimental procedures; its frequency may be different and more variable in vivo. Resonances in thalamic neurons may play a role in auditory signal processing in birds.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Resonant neurons"
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Engel, Tatiana. "Firing statistics in neurons as non-Markovian first passage time problem." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98529356X.
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Glauser, Samuel. "Synchronisation, resonance and reliability in auditory receptor neurons." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15926.
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Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit dem Einfluss von Resonanz und Synchronisation auf die Präzision und die Zuverlässigkeit von Rezeptorneuronen. Präzision von individuellen Neuronen an der Peripherie eines Nervensystems, beispielsweise in sensorischen Neuronen, ist äusserst wichtig für höhere Stufen der Verarbeitung. Verschiedene Formen von Resonanz können dazu führen, dass sich die Präzision eines Neurons erhöht. Hier wird neuronale Timing-Resonanz untersucht: diese kommt vor, wenn ein Neuron für Signale mit Frequenzen um seine Resonanzfrequenz - seiner Feuerrate - Aktionspotentiale (Spikes) mit höherer Präzision produziert, als für andere Frequenzen. Mit Hilfe von elektrophysiologischen Experimenten an auditorischen Rezeptorneuronen der Heuschrecke Locusta migratoria werden Spike-Antworten gewonnen, welche mit verschiedenen Zuverlässigkeitsmassen auf ihre Präzision untersucht werden. Verschiedene auditorische Stimulus-Typen und Stimulus-Parameter werden verwendet, um Kopplungsverhältnisse zwischen der Stimulusfrequenz und der Spike-Antwort und deren Einfluss auf Spike-Zeiten-Zuverlässigkeit, Phasen-Kopplung und Spike-Jitter zu untersuchen. Dabei werden durch Variation der Stimulusamplitude sogenannte Arnold-Zungen sichtbar. Der deutlichste Effekt ist für Stimulusfrequenzen in der Nähe der mittleren Feuerrate zu sehen, wo die Breite der Arnold-Zunge ansteigt, wenn die Stimulusamplitude erhöht wird und erhöhte Werte für die Zuverlässigkeitsmasse vorhanden sind.This thesis deals with the effect of resonance and synchronisation on the precision and reliability of receptor neurons. Precision of individual neurons at the periphery of a nervous system, for example sensory neurons, is very important for later stages of processing. Different forms of resonance lead to an increase of precision in a neuron. Here, we examine neuronal timing resonance: a neuron produces action potentials (spikes) with greater precision around its resonance frequency - its firing rate - than at other frequencies. By using electrophysiological experiments on auditory receptor neurons of the locust Locusta migratoria, spike responses are generated whose precision is investigated using different reliability measures. Different types of auditory stimuli and stimulus parameters are used to examine locking of the spike response to the frequency of the stimulus, and the influence this locking has on spike time reliability, phase coupling and spike jitter. By varying the stimulus amplitude, so-called Arnold tongues become visible. The most prominent effect is seen for stimulus frequencies around the average firing rate, where the width of the Arnold tongue and the values of the reliability measures increases for increasing stimulus amplitudes.
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Farina, Elisabetta Ismilde Mariagiovan. "Effet des lésions neurodégénératives sur le mécanisme de résonance motrice à l’observation d’action." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK045.
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Le concept de "cognition incarnée" considère que le schéma classique Perception-Cognition-Action proposant un flux séquentiel de traitement de l’information n'est pas approprié pour comprendre l'effet comportemental des troubles neurodégénératifs et trouver des solutions thérapeutiques innovantes. La découverte des neurones miroirs (NM) a donné un substrat biologique à cette théorie: on pense maintenant que les NM relient les connaissances sur les actions et les perceptions non seulement pour intégrer la perception dans la planification et l'exécution, mais aussi pour soutenir un large éventail de fonctions cognitives, par ex. empathie et langage. En même temps, il est maintenant clair que dans chaque maladie neurodégénérative les symptômes cognitifs et moteurs sont représentés le long d'un continuum. Les maladies neurodégénératives liées au vieillissement, comme la maladie d'Alzheimer (MA), la forme la plus courante de démence, sont devenues un enjeu social très important. Comme il n'y a pas de remède pour la MA, les études se concentrent sur la prévention. Une catégorie qui représente maintenant une cible privilégiée est le trouble cognitif léger (TCL), considéré comme une étape intermédiaire entre le vieillissement normal et la MA. Même si MA et TCL ont été caractérisées comme des maladies «cognitives» jusqu'à présent, un lien entre la fonction motrice et le risque de développer la MA a été reconnu.Le but principal de cette recherche est d'étudier l'intégrité du réseau NM dans la MA, le TCL et le vieillissement normal. La caractérisation de son fonctionnement dans les maladies neurodégénératives serait utile pour une meilleure compréhension de leurs mécanismes fonctionnels et manifestations cliniques. Cela permettrait également d’exploiter le NM dans la réhabilitation des symptômes.La thèse comprend deux parties : la première inclue une vaste recherche bibliographique destinée à décrire le cadre scientifique qui justifie une telle recherche.Nous avons d'abord passé en revue les preuves sur l'existence d'un système NM chez les singes et les humains, et ses multiples rôles possibles et après brièvement décrit le tableau clinique des principaux troubles neurodégénératifs, en montrant comment les symptômes cognitifs et moteurs s’entrecroisent. Ensuite, nous avons détaillé les résultats de la recherche documentaire sur les maladies neurodégénératives, NM et cognition incarnée, en les commentant à la lumière de cette théorie.La deuxième partie de la thèse décrit la procédure expérimentale qui a été réalisée dans le but de la recherche.Trois groupes appariés de 16 sujets chacun (CA-contrôles âgées, TCL amnésique avec atrophie hippocampique et MA) ont été évalués avec une batterie neuropsychologique centrée sur les fonctions liées au système NM, et une tâche IRMf spécifiquement créée pour tester les NM: celle- ci était constituée d'une tache d’observation, où aux sujets ont été montrés des vidéos d'une main droite saisissant différents objets, et d'une tache motrice où les sujets ont observé des images d'objets orientés pour être saisis avec la main droite, et ont fait le geste correspondant.Chez les CA, l'analyse de conjonction (comparant l'activation de l'IRMf pendant l'observation et l'exécution) a indiqué l'activation d'un réseau bilatéral fronto-pariétal dans les zones NM « classiques» et du gyrus temporal supérieur (STG), entrée visuelle corticale aux NM. Le groupe TCL a montré une activation similaire, cependant, les zones pariétales ont été moins activées et le STG n'a pas été activé, tandis que l'inverse était vrai pour la zone de Broca droite. Nous n'avons observé aucune activation du réseau fronto-pariétal chez le groupe MA. Dans tous les tests neuropsychologiques (y compris les tests de fonctions attribuées à NM), les sujets MA ont été plus mauvais que les CA, alors que les sujets TCL montraient seulement des troubles de mémoire épisodique et fluidité sémantique (...)The concept of “embodied cognition” considers that the classical Perception-Cognition-Action architecture proposing a sequential flow of processing with clean cuts between all modules is not appropriate to understand the behavioral effect of neurodegenerative disorders and to find innovative therapeutic solutions. In the last decades, the discovery of the mirror neurons (MN) has given a biological substrate to this theoretical perspective: the MN are now thought linking together knowledge about actions and perceptions not only to integrate perception in action planning and execution but also as a neural mechanism supporting a wide range of cognitive functions, e.g. empathy and language. At the same time, it is now clear that in each neurodegenerative disease both cognitive and motor symptoms are represented along a continuum. In the current demographic context, neurodegenerative diseases linked to aging have become a very important social issue. Alzheimer Disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disease strictly linked to aging. As actually there is no cure, several studies are focusing on prevention. A category which now represents a preferential target of intervention is Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), considered as an intermediate stage between normal aging and AD. Even if AD and MCI have been characterized as “cognitive” diseases until now, a link between motor function and the risk of developing AD has been recognized.The main purpose of this research is to investigate the integrity of the MN network in AD, MCI and normal aging. Characterizing the functioning of the MN network in neurodegenerative diseases would be useful to better understand functional mechanisms and their clinical manifestations. It would also allow to capitalize on these kinds of neurons in the rehabilitation of motor and cognitive symptoms.The thesis consists of two parts: the first part includes an extensive bibliographic research intended to describe the scientific frame which justifies such a research.We first reviewed the evidence about the existence of a MN system in monkeys and humans, and its multiple possible roles in humans.We then briefly reviewed the clinical picture of the main neurodegenerative disorders, showing how cognitive and motor symptoms intersect in all of them.Next, we detailed the results of literature searching on neurodegenerative diseases, MN, and embodied cognition, commenting them at the light of this hypothesis.The second part of the thesis describe the experimental procedure which has been performed to evaluate the integrity of the MN network in normal elderly and people with AD and MCI, and its results.Three matched groups of 16 subjects each (normal elderly-NE, amnesic MCI with hippocampal atrophy and AD) were evaluated with a neuropsychological battery centered on functions thought to be linked to the MN system, and a fMRI task specifically created to test MN: that comprised of an observation run, where subjects were shown videos of a right hand grasping different objects, and of a motor run, where subjects observed visual pictures of objects oriented to be grasped with the right hand, and made the corresponding gesture.In NE subjects, the conjunction analysis (comparing fMRI activation during observation and execution), indicated the activation of a bilateral fronto-parietal network in “classical” MN areas, and of the superior temporal gyrus (STG), an area thought to provide the cortical visual input to the MN. The MCI group showed the activation of areas belonging to the same network, however, parietal areas were activated to a lesser extent and the STG was not activated, while the opposite was true for the right Broca’s area. We did not observe any activation of the fronto-parietal network in AD participants (...)
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Stemmler, Martin Bernard Koch Christof. "Information maximization and stochastic resonance in single neurons /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1997. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12182007-104908.
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Martin-Biran, Magali. "Etude par spectroscopie de RMN du métabolisme des neurones et des astrocytes en culture primaire." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR28314.
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Dans la perspective de mieux comprendre les phénomènes de compartimentation cellulaire au sein du système nerveux central, nous avons choisi de définir les caractéristiques métaboliques des neurones et des astrocytes en culture primaire homogène. Le devenir métabolique du [1-13C]glucose dans les neurones et les astrocytes cérébelleux, de même que dans les astrocytes corticaux, a été caractérisé par spectroscopie de RMN. Les astrocytes, contrairement aux neurones, synthétisent la glutamine. La maturation des voies de biosynthèse de cet acide aminé est retardée dans les astrocytes cérébelleux par rapport aux astrocytes corticaux. La quantification des flux du catabolisme du glucose exogène a été réalisée. Ces résultats ont montré l'utilisation quasi-exclusive du glucose comme source de carbone par les neurones, alors que les astrocytes utilisent des sources plus diversifiées (glucose, acides aminés exogènes, sources endogènes de carbone). De même, l'activité de la voie de la pyruvate carboxylase est de faible importance dans les neurones, ce qui implique la nécessité d'un apport de carbone extérieur pour ces cellules. Cette étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence des composés synthétisés et libérés par les astrocytes dans le milieu extracellulaire, l'alanine et le citrate, susceptibles de servir de navettes de carbone et/ou d'azote, autres que la glutamine, entre les neurones et les astrocytes. Les données acquises par RMN du 31P ont révélé des charges énergétiques très similaires dans les neurones et les astrocytes cérébelleux, de même que dans le cervelet entier. Des différences concernant les composés liés au métabolisme des membranes ont pu être observées. Une étude du développement du cervelet de rat a été réalisée par RMN du 31P et du 1H, démontrant l'existence d'un contenu élevé en acétate dans le cervelet à la naissance. Celui-ci décroît lors des 1ers jours postnataux, alors que la concentration en NAA augmenteIn order to investigate the cellular compartmentation of the central nervous system, we first defined the metabolic properties of neurons and astrocytes in homogenous primary culture. The metabolic fate of [1-13C]glucose in cerebellar neurons and astrocytes, as well as in cortical astrocytes, was characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The astrocytes, contrary to neurons, synthesized glutamine. The maturation of the glutamine synthesis pathway was delayed in cerebellar astrocytes, as compared to cortical astrocytes. The fluxes involved in exogenous glucose utilization were quantified. The results demonstrated that if neurons used exclusively glucose as carbon source to fuel the Krebs cycle, the carbon sources for astrocytes were diversified (glucose, exogenous amino acids, endogenous carbon sources). In the same way, the pyruvate carboxylase activity was of minor importance in neurons, that implied the need for these cells of exogenous carbon substrates. We evidenced that alanine and citrate were also synthesized by astrocytes and exported to their extracellular medium. These metabolites may play a role as carbon and/or nitrogen shuttles betwen neurons and astrocytes. 31P NMR data showed similar energy charges in cerebellar neurons, astrocytes and in the cerebellum. Differences in the content of metabolites linked to membrane metabolism were observed. The postnatal development of the cerebellum was studied using 31P and 1H NMR spectroscopy. A large content of acetate was evidenced at birth, that decreased during the first postnatal days whereas the NAA content increased
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Radecki, Guillaume. "Imagerie cellulaire par résonance magnétique rehaussée au manganèse (CelMEMRI)." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112212/document.
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La science a avancé depuis le XIX ème siècle. Des nouveaux outils sont apparus : la microscopie optique nous donne la vision des cellules, la microscopie électronique nous entraine au cœur de celles-ci. L’imagerie par résonance magnétique est apparue dans les années soixante-dix. Depuis son évolution, l’IRM nous entraine de plus en plus loin dans les profondeurs secrètes de nos cerveaux. La possibilité d’observer l’activité neuronale à l’aide de l’imagerie fonctionnelle est une grande révolution. Cette thèse montrera la possibilité que l’on a d’observer l’activité d’un neurone individuel sans modification de son réseau grâce à l’imagerie rehaussée au manganèse. L’étude sera effectuée sur des Aplysies à très haut champ (17T). Ces animaux sont des mollusques marins gastropodes qui possèdent une particularité : leurs neurones sont de tailles importantes, ils peuvent atteindre 1 mm de diamètre. Leurs neurones sont regroupés en plusieurs ganglions. Mon étude portera sur le ganglion buccal, qui est le ganglion le plus étudié dans les recherches en électrophysiologie. Avant de réaliser les acquisitions, j’ai dû concevoir plusieurs antennes de tailles microscopiques adaptées à la taille des ganglions. En réduisant la taille des antennes, le rapport signal sur bruit augmente. Dans un deuxième temps, une double antenne a été développée permettant l’acquisition de deux échantillons simultanément. Cette antenne a nécessité de créer des préamplificateurs fonctionnant à 730 MHz. La première série d’expériences a permis d’observer l’évolution de l’activité neuronale selon différents stimulus liés au comportement alimentaire des aplysies in-vivo. J’ai montré grâce à la technique mise en place que l’on peut distinguer par IRM l’activité de chaque neurone face à un stimulus. Par la suite, pour continuer ce travail, une deuxième série d’expériences a été effectuée in-vitro. J’ai étudié le comportement des neurones selon les neuro-stimulateurs perfusés : la dopamine et la sérotonine, tous les deux présents naturellement dans l’aplysie. Globalement les neurones ont été activés mais après les avoir observés individuellement, j’ai remarqué quelques différences selon les neurotransmetteurs. Cette technique peut maintenant être utilisée pour étudier d’autres conduites de l’aplysie comme le comportement compulsif. L’étude sur la mémoire peut être aussi envisagée. Les origines comportementales ont probablement des mécanismes identiques entre les différentes espèces animales et donc avec l’Homme comme l’a démontré les études d’Eric Kandel sur la mémoireScience has evolved since the 19th century. New tools have appeared such as optical microscopy which gives us the vision of cells and electronic microscopy which leads us into their hearts. The magnetic resonance imaging appeared in the seventies. Evolving over time, the MRI has taken us farther and farther into the secret depths of our brains. The possibility of observing the neuronal activity thanks to the functional imaging is a major evolution. This thesis will show the possibility we have to observe the activity of a single neuron without modification of its network thanks to the manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging technique. The study was done on the Aplysia at very high field magnet (17T). These animals are marine gastropod mollusks with a peculiarity: their neurons are of important size and can reach 1 mm in diameter. Their neurons are grouped into several ganglia. My study concerns the buccal ganglion which is the most studied ganglia in the research in electrophysiology. Before making any acquisitions, I had to conceive several microscopic coils adapted to the size of the ganglions. By reducing the size of the coils, the signal of the noise ratio increases. Then, a double coil allowing the simultaneous acquisition of two samples was built. This antenna required the construction of pre-amplifiers operating at 730 MHz. The first series of experiments helped observe the evolution of the neuronal activity according to different stimuli linked to the eating habits of the Aplysia in vivo. Thanks to the technique implemented, I shall show that, using MRI, it is possible to distinguish the activity of each neuron with respect to a stimulus. Afterwards, to continue this work, a second series of experiments was made in vitro. I studied the behavior of neurons when perfused with neural stimulators: dopamine and serotonin, both naturally present in the Aplysia. Generally, all neurons were activated but when observing them individually, I noticed some differences. Studies in electrophysiology will allow us to get a better understanding and a confirmation of the results of this study. The MEMRI technique can be used in the future to study various disorders such as compulsive behaviors, which are present in the Aplysia, and probably have the same origins as in humans, given that many fundamental processes (such as memory studied by Eric Kandel who he demonstrated that human and Aplysia memories works with the same mechanism) are similar between the two species
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Lyra, Gollo Leonardo. "Dynamics and Synchronization of Motifs of Neuronal Populations in the Presence of Delayed Interactions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84132.
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Aquesta tesi estudia les propietats de sincronització de motius de neurones o poblacions de neurones acoblats amb retard. S'ha trobat que dos elements indirectament connectats de forma bidireccional a través d'un mediador de retransmissió dinàmica poden sincronitzar robustament la seva activitat a retard zero. L'efecte és estudiat en circuits especialment ben coneguts del cervell: xarxes corticals, circuits talamo-corticals i xarxes hipocampo-corticals. Els fonaments del mecanisme s'atribueixen a la influència de fonts ressonants: un parell d'elements directament acoblats bidireccionalment. En la presència de latència no negligible, la parella acoblada tendeix a sincronitzar en anti-fase. Aquesta propietat prevalent, intrínsecament dota a cada element amb una capacitat potencial de induir òptimament una sincronització isocrònica entre dos elements comunament conduïts. Aquest efecte, anomenat Sincronització Induïda per Ressonància, s'observa consistentment en diversos sistemes, sempre que hi hagi absència de frustració geomètrica en l'arquitectura estructuralEsta tesis estudia las propiedades de sincronización de motivos de neuronas, o de las poblaciones neuronales, acopladas con un cierto retraso. Se ha encontrado que dos elementos indirectamente conectados de forma bidireccional, a través de un mediador dinámico, pueden sincronizar de forma robusta sus actividades a tiempo cero. El efecto se estudia en circuitos del cerebro que se sabe juegan un papel fundamental: las redes corticales, circuitos tálamo-corticales y las redes hipocampo-corteza. Los fundamentos del mecanismo se atribuyen a la influencia de las fuentes de resonancia: un par de elementos bidireccionalmente acoplados. En presencia de tiempos de latencia no despreciable, el par de neuronas o poblaciones de neuronas acopladas tiende a sincronizar en oposición de fase. Esta característica predominante intrínsecamente dota a cada uno de los elementos con una capacidad potencial de inducir, de manera óptima, sincronización isócrona entre los elementos comúnmente dirigidos. Esta sincronización inducida por resonancia se observa consistentemente en varios sistemas, cuando ocurre que la frustración geométrica está ausente de la arquitectura estructural.
This thesis studies the synchronization properties of delay-coupled motifs of neurons or neuronal populations. It is found that two elements indirectly bidirectional-connected through a dynamical-relaying mediator can robustly synchronize their activity at zero-lag. The effect is studied in special well-known circuits of the brain: cortical networks, thalamocortical circuits, and hippocampal-cortical networks. The foundations of the mechanism are ascribed to the influence of resonant sources: a pair of directly bidirectional-coupled elements. In the presence of non-negligible latency, the coupled pair tends to synchronize in anti-phase. This prevalent property intrinsically endows each of the elements with a potential capability to optimally induce isochronous synchronization between commonly driven elements. This, so-called Resonance-Induced Synchronization, is consistently observed in distinct systems, whenever geometrical frustration is absent of the structural architecture
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Jelescu, Ileana O. "Magnetic resonance microscopy of Aplysia neurons : studying neurotransmitter-modulated transport and response to stress." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979419.
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Recent progress in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has opened the way for micron-scale resolution, and thus for imaging biological cells. In this thesis work, we performed magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) on the nervous system of Aplysia californica, a model particularly suited due to its simplicity and to its very large neuronal cell bodies, in the aim of studying cellular-scale processes with various MR contrasts. Experiments were performed on a 17.2 Tesla horizontal magnet, at resolutions down to 25 µm isotropic. Initial work consisted in conceiving and building radiofrequency microcoils adapted to the size of single neurons and ganglia. The first major part of the project consisted in using the manganese ion (Mn2+) as neural tract tracer in the buccal ganglia of Aplysia. Manganese is an MR contrast agent that enters neurons via voltage-gated calcium channels. We performed the mapping of axonal projections from motor neurons into the peripheral nerves of the buccal ganglia. We also confirmed the existence of active Mn2+ transport inside the neural network upon activation with the neurotransmitter dopamine. In the second major part of the project, we tested the potential of two diffusion MRI sequences for microscopy. On the one hand, we explored a very original mechanism for diffusion weighting, DESIRE (Diffusion Enhancement of SIgnal and REsolution), particularly suited for small samples. The two-dimensional DESIRE sequence was implemented and successfully tested on phantoms. The measured enhancement was consistent with theoretical predictions. Using this sequence to produce diffusion weighted images with an unprecedented contrast in biological tissue remains a challenge. On the other hand, a more "standard" sequence was implemented to measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in nervous tissue with MRM. This sequence was a three-dimensional DP-FISP (Diffusion Prepared Fast Imaging with Steady-state free Precession), which met criteria for high resolution in a short acquisition time, with minimal artifacts. Using this sequence, we studied the changes in water ADC at different scales in the nervous system, triggered by cellular challenges. The challenges were hypotonic shock or exposure to ouabain. ADC measurements were performed on single isolated neuronal bodies and on ganglia tissue, before and after challenge. Both types of stress produced an ADC increase inside the cell and an ADC decrease at tissue level. The results favor the hypothesis that the increase in membrane surface area associated with cell swelling is responsible for the decrease of water ADC in tissue, typically measured in ischemia or other conditions associated with cell swelling.
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Mtetwa, Nhamoinesu. "Stochastic resonance and finite resolution in a network of leaky integrate and fire neurons." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275980.
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Breen, Barbara J. "Computational nonlinear dynamics monostable stochastic resonance and a bursting neuron model /." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082004-180036/unrestricted/breen%5Fbarbara%5Fj%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Resonant neurons"
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Brandao, Lara A. MR spectroscopy of the brain. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.
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G, Shulman R., and Rothman D. L, eds. Brain energetics and neuronal activity: Applications to fMRI and medicine. Chichester: Wiley, 2004.
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(Editor), Robert G. Shulman, and Douglas L. Rothman (Editor), eds. Brain Energetics and Neuronal Activity: Applications to fMRI and Medicine. Wiley, 2004.
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Rothman, Douglas L., and Robert G. Shulman. Brain Energetics and Neuronal Activity: Applications to FMRI and Medicine. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2007.
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Shaibani, Aziz. Muscle Atrophy and Hypertrophy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0017.
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Muscle atrophy is usually caused by interruption of axonal flow [axonal neuropathies, motor neuron diseases (MNDs), etc.]. If weakness is out of proportion to atrophy, demyelinating neuropathy should be suspected. Chronic myopathies and immobility also may cause atrophy, but no electromyography (EMG) evidence of denervation or myopathy is found. The pattern of atrophy is often helpful to localize the lesions. Atrophy of the interossi and preservation of the bulk of the thenar muscles suggest ulnar neuropathy, but atrophy of both would suggest a C8 or plexus pathology. Muscle enlargement may be due to fatty replacement, which can be confirmed by EMG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or due to real muscle hypertrophy from excessive discharges (neuromyotonia).
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Altshuler, David, Jason A. Heth, and Nicholas J. Szerlip. Skull Tumors. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0023.
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The diagnostic and treatment approach for patients with skull lesions begins with a thorough history and physical and careful attention to anatomic localization. The patient’s history and exam findings can inform a preliminary differential diagnosis, which may be broadly divided into benign and malignant processes. Based on a preliminary assessment, appropriate neuro-imaging involving magnetic resonance, computed tomograph, and/or vascular modalities may be pursued. Characteristic image findings may further refine a differential. While conservative management may be indicated for the most assuredly benign lesions, surgery is appropriate for cases involving compression of neural structures, deformity, pain or when a tissue diagnosis is required.
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Huntoon, Kristin, and J. Bradley Elder. High-Grade Gliomas. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0001.
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Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. This chapter discusses the clinical presentation and initial workup for a patient with a suspected glioblastoma, as well as the optimal treatment strategy and prognosis. Diagnosis is typically made using magnetic resonance imaging. Optimal treatment involves maximal safe surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgical adjuncts including intraoperative imaging modalities and brain mapping techniques help improve neurologic morbidity associated with surgery. Despite maximal treatment, virtually all patients with glioblastoma will experience recurrence of their tumor and may be considered for clinical trials or second-line therapy. This chapter highlights important pearls associated with management of patients with glioblastoma and written for those who are interested in neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, and the field of brain tumors.
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Seeck, Margitta, L. Spinelli, Jean Gotman, and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Combination of Brain Functional Imaging Techniques. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0046.
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Several tools are available to map brain electrical activity. Clinical applications focus on epileptic activity, although electric source imaging (ESI) and electroencephalography-coupled functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG–fMRI) are also used to investigate non-epileptic processes in healthy subjects. While positron-emission tomography (PET) reflects glucose metabolism, strongly linked with synaptic activity, and single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) reflects blood flow, fMRI (BOLD) signals have a hemodynamic component that is a surrogate signal of neuronal (synaptic) activity. The exact interpretation of BOLD signals is not completely understood; even in unifocal epilepsy, more than one region of positive or negative BOLD is often observed. Co-registration of medical images is essential to answer clinical questions, particularly for presurgical epilepsy evaluations. Multimodal imaging can yield information about epileptic foci and underlying networks. Co-registering MRI, PET, SPECT, fMRI, and ESI (or magnetic source imaging) provides information to estimate the epileptogenic zone and can help optimize surgical results.
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Chappell, Michael, Bradley MacIntosh, and Thomas Okell. Introduction to Perfusion Quantification using Arterial Spin Labelling. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793816.001.0001.
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is unique in being a completely non-invasive method for imaging perfusion in the brain. Relying upon a blood-borne tracer that is created by the MRI scanner itself, ASL is becoming a popular tool to study cerebral perfusion, as well as how this perfusion changes in response to neuronal activity or in disease. This primer provides an introduction to perfusion quantification using ASL MRI, focusing both on the methods needed to extract perfusion-weighted images and on how to quantify perfusion and other hemodynamic parameters. Starting with the simplest implementation of ASL, the primer details all the common acquisition methods, as well as the subsequent analysis steps required to quantify perfusion in an individual, detect changes in perfusion in response to neural activity or pharmacological intervention, and examine perfusion variations across groups of individuals. This is supported with examples from real data illustrating all the major steps in the analysis process, linked to online material where the reader can undertake the same analysis for themselves.
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Brandão, Lara A., and Romeu C. Domingues. MR Spectroscopy of the Brain. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Resonant neurons"
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Champoux, François, Jean-François Lepage, Marie-Christine Désy, Mélissa Lortie, and Hugo Théoret. "The Neurophysiology of Early Motor Resonance." In Mirror Neuron Systems, 63–76. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-479-7_3.
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Govind, Varan. "MRS in Motor Neuron Diseases." In Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Degenerative Brain Diseases, 121–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33555-1_7.
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van der Knaap, Marjo S., and Jacob Valk. "Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses." In Magnetic Resonance of Myelin, Myelination, and Myelin Disorders, 252–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03078-3_44.
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Sonnewald, Ursula, Arne Schousboe, and Niels Westergaard. "13C and 1H MRS of Cultured Neurons and Glia." In Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging in Neurochemistry, 9–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5863-7_2.
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Rotstein, Horacio G. "Subthreshold Amplitude and Phase Resonance in Single Neurons." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, 2915–24. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6675-8_598.
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Gray, Richard A., and W. Otto Friesen. "Identification of Leech Swim Neurons Using a Resonance Technique." In Computation and Neural Systems, 289–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3254-5_44.
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Rotstein, Horacio G. "Subthreshold Resonance and Phasonance in Single Neurons: 2D Models." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, 1–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_598-2.
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Scotti, G., and S. Livian. "Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance in the Diagnosis of Brain Tumors." In Neuro-Oncology, 49–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3152-0_7.
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Reeder, Maurice M., and William G. Bradley. "MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Introduction." In Reeder and Felson’s Gamuts in Neuro-Radiology, 257–326. New York, NY: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9522-5_5.
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Tolmachev, Pavel, Rishi R. Dhingra, Michael Pauley, Mathias Dutschmann, and Jonathan H. Manton. "Modeling the Respiratory Central Pattern Generator with Resonate-and-Fire Izhikevich-Neurons." In Neural Information Processing, 603–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04167-0_55.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Resonant neurons"
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Rafati, Yousef, Jody C. Cantu, Anna V. Sedelnikova, Gleb P. Tolstykh, Xomalin G. Peralta, Christopher M. Valdez, and Ibtissam Echchgadda. "Effect of microtubule resonant frequencies on neurons." In Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXXI, edited by Bennett L. Ibey and Norbert Linz. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2546569.
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Reatti, A., A. Luchetta, M. K. Kazimierczuk, M. C. Piccirilli, and S. Manetti. "Multilayer Neural Network with Multivalued Neurons MLMVN based CLASS E Resonant Inverter Fault Detection." In 8th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2016). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2016.0265.
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Manzo, Maurizio, and Omar Cavazos. "Finite Difference Time Domain Simulations of Hybrid Neurotransducers Based Optical Microlasers." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24506.
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Abstract Different pathologies such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Wilson’s diseases, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy due to blasts and impacts affect the brain functions altering the neuronal electrical activity. An important aspect of the brain study is the use of non-invasive, non-surgical methodologies that are suitable to the well-being of the patients. Only a portion of the electromagnetic field can be detected by applying sensors outside the scalp; in addition, surgery is often involved if sensors are applied in the subcutaneous region of the skull. Optical techniques applied to biomedical research and diagnostics have been spread during the last decades. For example, near infrared light (NIR) of spectral range goes from 800 nm to 1300 nm, it is harmless radiation for the living tissue, and can penetrate the living matter in depth as, it turns out that most of the living matter is transparent to the NIR light. Optical microlasers have been recently proposed as neurotransducers for minimally invasive neuron activity detection for the next generation of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. They are lightweight, require low power consumption and exhibit low latency. This novel sensor that can be made of biocompatible material is coupled with a voltage sensitive dye; the fluorescence of the dye, which is excited by an external light source, is used to generate optical (laser) modes. Any variation in the neurons’ membrane electric potential via evanescent field’s perturbation turn affect the shifting of these laser modes. In order to reduce the energy required to power these devices and to improve their optical emission, metal nanoparticles can be coupled in order to use their plasmonic effect. In this paper, finite-difference timedomain (FDTD) numerical technique is used to analyze the performances on a dye-doped microlaser. Purcell effect and resonant wavelengths are observed.
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Fortuna, Luigi, Mattia Frasca, Manuela La Rosa, and Alessandro Spata. "Stochastic resonance in arrays of neurons." In Second International Symposium on Fluctuations and Noise, edited by Derek Abbott, Sergey M. Bezrukov, Andras Der, and Angel Sanchez. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.548628.
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Baysal, Veli, Erdem Erkan, and Ergin Yilmaz. "Stochastic Resonance in Morris-Lecar Neurons." In 2020 28th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu49456.2020.9302293.
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Baysal, Veli. "Ghost Resonance in Hodgkin-Huxley Neurons." In 2020 Medical Technologies Congress (TIPTEKNO). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiptekno50054.2020.9299258.
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Yilmaz, Ergin, Veli Baysal, and Mahmut Ozer. "Vibrational resonance in a Hodgkin-Huxley neuron." In 2015 23th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2015.7130030.
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Alsaleem, Fadi, Mohammad H. Hasan, Mehari Tesfay, and Mostafa Rafaie. "MEMS As a Continuous Time Recurrent Neuron (CTRN) Computing Unit." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85075.
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Smart analysis of sensory data in real time is growing more important by the advent of the internet of things (IoT). Currently, this demand is being met by microprocessors utilizing classical computing algorithms or using simple machine learning schemes; which, aside from their high computing power requirements, are projected to reach an imminent plateau as transistor shrinking is reaching a physical limit. In this paper, we show the potential of transforming the dynamics of micro-electro-mechanical system MEMS by activating electrical resonance to perform simple neurological processes, such as detection and memory, similar to those existing in recurrent neurons.
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Durand, Dominique M., Minato Kawaguchi, and Hiroyuki Mino. "Reverse stochastic resonance in a hippocampal CA1 neuron model." In 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6610731.
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Nobukawa, Sou, Haruhiko Nishimura, Teruya Yamanishi, and Jian-Qin Liu. "Chaotic resonance in Izhikevich neuron model and its assembly." In 2012 Joint 6th Intl. Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (SCIS) and 13th Intl. Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems (ISIS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scis-isis.2012.6505173.
Full textReports on the topic "Resonant neurons"
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Jones, Howland D. T., Edward V. Thomas, Jason C. Harper, Andrew R. Mayer, Arvind Caprihan, Charles Gasparovic, Krastan B. Blagoev, and David M. Haaland. Detectability of Neuronal Currents in Human Brain with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1113876.
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