To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Resonant neurons.
Journal articles on the topic 'Resonant neurons'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Resonant neurons.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Vazifehkhah Ghaffari, Babak, Mojgan Kouhnavard, Takeshi Aihara, and Tatsuo Kitajima. "Mathematical Modeling of Subthreshold Resonant Properties in Pyloric Dilator Neurons." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/135787.
Full textAbstract:
Various types of neurons exhibit subthreshold resonance oscillation (preferred frequency response) to fluctuating sinusoidal input currents. This phenomenon is well known to influence the synaptic plasticity and frequency of neural network oscillation. This study evaluates the resonant properties of pacemaker pyloric dilator (PD) neurons in the central pattern generator network through mathematical modeling. From the pharmacological point of view, calcium currents cannot be blocked in PD neurons without removing the calcium-dependent potassium current. Thus, the effects of calciumICaand calcium-dependent potassiumIKCacurrents on resonant properties remain unclear. By taking advantage of Hodgkin-Huxley-type model of neuron and its equivalent RLC circuit, we examine the effects of changing resting membrane potential and those ionic currents on the resonance. Results show that changing the resting membrane potential influences the amplitude and frequency of resonance so that the strength of resonance (Q-value) increases by both depolarization and hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential. Moreover, hyperpolarization-activated inward currentIhandICa(in association withIKCa) are dominant factors on resonant properties at hyperpolarized and depolarized potentials, respectively. Through mathematical analysis, results indicate thatIhandIKCaaffect the resonant properties of PD neurons. However,ICaonly has an amplifying effect on the resonance amplitude of these neurons.
2
Tennigkeit, Frank, Craig R. Ries, Dietrich W. F. Schwarz, and Ernest Puil. "Isoflurane Attenuates Resonant Responses of Auditory Thalamic Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 78, no. 2 (August 1, 1997): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.591.
Full textAbstract:
Tennigkeit, Frank, Craig R. Ries, Dietrich W. F. Schwarz, and Ernest Puil. Isoflurane attenuates resonant responses of auditory thalamic neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 591–596, 1997. In thalamocortical neurons, sensory signals are transformed differently during various states of consciousness. We investigated the effects of a general anesthetic, isoflurane, on the frequency responses of neurons in the ventral medial geniculate body, the primary nucleus of the auditory thalamus. Using slice preparations, whole cell current-clamp recording techniques, and frequency-domain analyses with oscillatory inputs, we observed a resonance in the hyperpolarized voltage range, implying a frequency preference near 1 Hz in the subthreshold frequency responses of medial geniculate neurons. As in other thalamocortical neurons, an interaction of a T-type Ca2+ current with passive membrane properties generates the resonant responses. The frequency preference shapes the input-output signal transformation, coupling oscillatory inputs at preferred frequencies to firing. Thus resonance may contribute to the rhythmic synchronization of the output to the cortex. In a concentration range of 0.5–3%, isoflurane application reversibly decreased the resonant responses of medial geniculate neurons. Throughout the subthreshold voltage range, it reduced impedance at frequencies <10 Hz. At depolarized potentials near −60 mV, isoflurane reduced the low-pass filter selectivity of the neuron membrane. At rest near −70 mV or at hyperpolarized potentials, isoflurane had a greater effect on resonance (centered at ∼1 Hz), reducing the peak impedance more than the magnitudes at other frequencies. At concentrations of ≥2%, isoflurane completely blocked the resonance peak, thereby imposing low-pass characteristics of poor quality throughout the subthreshold voltage range. Application of isoflurane reversibly increased membrane conductance and the current threshold for firing evoked by depolarizing pulses from potentials between −60 and −90 mV. The neurons discharged in a tonic pattern on depolarization from about −60 mV and in a phasic (burst) mode from potentials negative to about −70 mV. An increase in current amplitude compensated the suppression of tonic firing much more readily than that of the burst firing on a low-threshold Ca2+ spike. Although a reduction in T-type Ca2+ channel activationmay occur during isoflurane application, the depression of resonance is consistent with an interaction of a greatly increased leak conductance with the low-threshold Ca2+ current and the membrane capacitance. In the intact animal, this would tend to disrupt synchronized neural oscillations and the transfer of auditory information.
3
Puil, E., H. Meiri, and Y. Yarom. "Resonant behavior and frequency preferences of thalamic neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.2.575.
Full textAbstract:
1. We studied the voltage responses of thalamocortical neurons to a periodic current input of variable frequency, in slices of mediodorsal thalamus (guinea pig). The ratio of the Fourier transform of the voltage response to the Fourier transform of the oscillatory current input was used to calculate the frequency response of the neurons at different resting and imposed membrane potentials. 2. Most neurons displayed a resonant hump in the frequency response curve. A narrow band of low-frequency (2-4 Hz) resonance occurred near the resting level [-66 +/- 8 mV (SD)] and at imposed membrane potentials in a range of -60 to -80 mV. An additional wide band (12-26 Hz) of peak resonant frequencies was observed at depolarized levels. 3. The low-frequency resonance was insensitive to tetrodotoxin (TTX) application in concentrations (0.5-1 microM) that blocked a depolarization activated inward rectifier and Na(+)-dependent action potentials. TTX, however, eliminated the wide-band resonant hump centered at 12-26 Hz that we observed at depolarized membrane potentials. 4. Application of Ni2+ (0.5-1 mM) reversibly blocked all slow spikes and greatly reduced the low-frequency resonant humps, without changing the resting potential. Octanol in concentrations of 50 microM had similar effects. 5. Application of Cs+ (3-5 mM), a blocker of the hyperpolarization activated inward rectifier, produced a 5- to 10-mV depolarization and completely blocked the rectification. Cs+ did not alter the low-frequency resonant hump or its dependence on membrane voltage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
4
Hutcheon, B., R. M. Miura, and E. Puil. "Subthreshold membrane resonance in neocortical neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 2 (August 1, 1996): 683–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.683.
Full textAbstract:
1. Using whole cell recording techniques, we studied subthreshold and suprathreshold voltage responses to oscillatory current inputs in neurons from the sensorimotor cortex of juvenile rats. 2. Based on firing patterns, neurons were classified as regular spiking (RS), intrinsic bursting (IB), and fast spiking (FS). The subthreshold voltage-current relationships of RS and IB neurons were rectifying whereas FS neurons were almost ohmic near rest. 3. Frequency response curves (FRCs) for neurons were determined by analyzing the frequency content of inputs and outputs. The FRCs of most neurons were voltage dependent at frequencies below, but not above, 20 Hz. Approximately 60% of RS and IB neurons had a membrane resonance at their resting potential. Resonant frequencies were between 0.7 and 2.5 Hz (24-26 degrees C) near -70 mV and usually increased with hyperpolarization and decreased with depolarization. The remaining RS and IB neurons and all FS neurons were nonresonant. 4. Resonant neurons near rest had a selective coupling between oscillatory inputs and firing. These neurons selectively fired action potentials when the frequency of the swept-sine-wave (ZAP) current input was near the resonant frequency. However, when these neurons were depolarized to -60 mV, spike firing was associated with many input frequencies rather than selectively near the resonant frequency. 5. We examined three subthreshold currents that could cause low-frequency resonance: IH, a slow, hyperpolarization-activated cation current that was blocked by external Cs+ but not Ba2+; IIR, an instantaneously activating, inwardly rectifying K+ current that was blocked by both Cs+ and Ba2+; and INaP, an quickly activating, inwardly rectifying persistent Na+ current that was blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX). Voltage-clamp experiments defined the relative steady state activation ranges of these currents. IIR (activates below -80 mV) and INaP (activates above -65 mV) are unlikely to interact with each other because their activation ranges never overlap. However, both currents may interact with IH, which activated variably at potentials between -50 and -90 mV in different neurons. 6. We found that IH produces subthreshold response. Consistent with this, subthreshold resonance was blocked by external Cs+ but not Ba2+ or TTX. Application of Ba2+ enlarged FRCs and resonance at potentials below -80 mV, indicating that IK,ir normally attenuates resonance. Application of TTX greatly diminished resonance at potentials more depolarized than -65 mV, indicating that INaP normally amplifies resonance at these potentials. 7. The ZAP current input may be viewed as a model of oscillatory currents that arise in neocortical neurons during synchronized activity in the brain. We propose that the frequency selectivity endowed on neurons by IH may contribute to their participation in synchronized firing. The voltage dependence of the frequency-selective coupling between oscillatory inputs and spikes may indicate a novel mechanism for controlling the extent of low-frequency synchronized activity in the neocortex.
5
Webb, Barbara, Jan Wessnitzer, Sarah Bush, Johannes Schul, Jonas Buchli, and Auke Ijspeert. "Resonant neurons and bushcricket behaviour." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 193, no. 2 (December 19, 2006): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-006-0199-1.
Full text
6
Blankenburg, Sven, Wei Wu, Benjamin Lindner, and Susanne Schreiber. "Information filtering in resonant neurons." Journal of Computational Neuroscience 39, no. 3 (November 6, 2015): 349–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10827-015-0580-6.
Full text
7
Leung, L. Stan, and Hui-Wen Yu. "Theta-Frequency Resonance in Hippocampal CA1 Neurons In Vitro Demonstrated by Sinusoidal Current Injection." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 1592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.3.1592.
Full textAbstract:
Leung, L. Stan and Hui-Wen Yu. Theta-frequency resonance in hippocampal CA1 neurons in vitro demonstrated by sinusoidal current injection. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 1592–1596, 1998. Sinusoidal currents of various frequencies were injected into hippocampal CA1 neurons in vitro, and the membrane potential responses were analyzed by cross power spectral analysis. Sinusoidal currents induced a maximal (resonant) response at a theta frequency (3–10 Hz) in slightly depolarized neurons. As predicted by linear systems theory, the resonant frequency was about the same as the natural (spontaneous) oscillation frequency. However, in some cases, the resonant frequency was higher than the spontaneous oscillation frequency, or resonance was found in the absence of spontaneous oscillations. The sharpness of the resonance ( Q), measured by the peak frequency divided by the half-peak power bandwidth, increased from a mean of 0.44 at rest to 0.83 during a mean depolarization of 6.5 mV. The phase of the driven oscillations changed most rapidly near the resonant frequency, and it shifted about 90° over the half-peak bandwidth of 8.4 Hz. Similar results were found using a sinusoidal function of slowly changing frequency as the input. Sinusoidal currents of peak-to-peak intensity of >100 pA may evoke nonlinear responses characterized by second and higher harmonics. The theta-frequency resonance in hippocampal neurons in vitro suggests that the same voltage-dependent phenomenon may be important in enhancing a theta-frequency response when hippocampal neurons are driven by medial septal or other inputs in vivo.
8
Hutcheon, B., R. M. Miura, and E. Puil. "Models of subthreshold membrane resonance in neocortical neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 2 (August 1, 1996): 698–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.698.
Full textAbstract:
1. We obtained whole cell data from sensorimotor cortical neurons of in vitro slices (juvenile rats) and observed a low-frequency resonance (1-2 Hz) in their voltage responses. We constructed models of subthreshold membrane currents to determine whether a hyperpolarization-activated cation current (IH) is sufficient to account for this resonance. 2. Parameter values for a basic IH (BH) model were estimated from voltage-clamp experiments at room temperature. The BH model formed a component of a reduced membrane (RM) model. On numerical integration, the RM model exhibited voltage sags and rebounds to injected current pulses; maximal voltage responses to injected oscillatory currents occurred near 2 Hz. 3. We compared the experimentally measured frequency-response curves (FRCs) at room temperature with the theoretical FRCs derived from the RM model. The theoretical FRCs exhibited resonant humps with peaks between 1 and 2 Hz. At 36 degrees C, the theoretical FRCs peaked near 10 Hz. The characteristics of theoretical and observed FRCs were in close agreement, demonstrating that IH is sufficient to cause resonance. Thus we classified IH as a resonator current. 4. We developed a technique, the reactive current clamp (RCC), to inject a computer-calculated current corresponding to a membrane ionic current in response to the membrane potential of the neuron. This enabled us to study the interaction of an artificial ionic current with living neurons (electronic pharmacology or EP-method). Using the RCC, a simplified version of the BH model was used to cancel an endogenous IH (electronic antagonism) and to introduce an artificial IH (electronic expression) when an endogenous IH was absent. Antagonism of IH eliminated sags and rebounds, whereas expression of IH endowed neurons with resonance and the frequency-selective firing that accompanies resonance in neurons with an endogenous IH. Previous investigations have relied on the specificity of pharmacological agents to block ionic channels, e.g., Cs+ to block IH. However, Cs+ additionally affects other currents. This represents the first time an in vitro modeling technique (RCC) has been used to antagonize a specific endogenous current, IH. 5. A simplified RM model yielded values of the resonant frequency and Q (an index of the sharpness of resonance), which rose almost linearly between -55 and -80 mV. Resonant frequencies could be much higher than fH = (2 pi tau H) - 1 where tau H is the activation time constant for IH. 6. In the FRCs, resonance appeared as a hump at intermediate frequencies because of low- and high-frequency attenuations due to IH and membrane capacitance, respectively. Changing the parameters of IH altered the low-frequency attenuation and, hence, the resonance. Changes in the leak conductance affected both the low- and high-frequency attenuations. 7. We modeled an inwardly rectifying K+ current (IIR) and a persistent Na+ current (INaP) to study their effects on resonance. Neither current produced resonance in the absence of IH. We found that IIR attenuated, whereas INaP amplified resonance. Thus IIR and INaP are classified as attenuator and amplifier currents, respectively. 8. Resonators and attenuators differ in that they have longer and shorter time constants, respectively, compared with the membrane time constant. Therefore, an increase in the leak conductance decreases the membrane time constant, which can transform an attenuator into a resonator, altering the frequency response. This suggests a novel mechanism for modulating the frequency responses of neurons to inputs. 9. These investigations have provided a theoretical framework for detailed understanding of mechanisms that produce resonance in cortical neurons. Resonance is one aspect of the intrinsic rhythmicity of neurons. The rhythmicity due to IH resonance is latent until it is revealed by oscillatory inputs. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
9
Villacorta, J. A., and F. Panetsos. "Information coding by ensembles of resonant neurons." Biological Cybernetics 92, no. 5 (April 30, 2005): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00422-005-0554-2.
Full text
10
Strohmann, B., D. W. Schwarz, and E. Puil. "Subthreshold frequency selectivity in avian auditory thalamus." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 1361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.4.1361.
Full textAbstract:
1. We studied the frequency responses of neurons in the nucleus ovoidalis (OV), the principal thalamic auditory relay nucleus of the chicken, in the subthreshold range of membrane potentials. The frequency response is the impedance amplitude profile evident in the voltage response to a broadband stimulus. The stimulus was a deterministic periodic current input of small amplitude, sweeping through a specified frequency range. We used whole-cell, tight-seal recording techniques in slices to study the voltage responses and membrane properties in current and voltage clamp. 2. Generally, low-frequency resonant humps with peak impedances of approximately 6 Hz characterized the frequency responses of OV neurons. This resonance was the principal determinant for frequency selectivity in the majority of OV neurons expressing only a tonic mode of firing. 3. The 6-Hz resonance was voltage dependent and most distinct where the activation ranges of a hyperpolarization activated inward current (IH) and a persistent Na+ current tend to overlap. The potential range for optimal resonance often included the resting potential. 4. Application of the Na+ current antagonist, tetrodotoxin, blocked the persistent Na+ current and most of the resonant hump at depolarized levels but did not affect the resonant peak along the frequency axis. Thus the persistent Na+ current may serve to amplify the resonance. 5. Extracellular application of Cs+, but not Ba2+, blocked a voltage sag during pulsed hyperpolarization as well as the IH current. Application of Cs+ also eliminated the 6-Hz resonance. An IH seems, therefore, instrumental for the resonance. 6. A minority of neurons that expressed low-threshold Ca2+ spikes and burst firing at hyperpolarized states displayed voltage oscillations at 2-4 Hz, spontaneously or in response to pulsatile stimuli. Application of Ni2+ blocked the oscillations and the low-threshold spikes, presumably produced by a T-type Ca2+ current. The resonance at 6 Hz, however, was only slightly affected by Ni2+. A T-type current, therefore, is critical for the 2- to 4-Hz oscillations. 7. Membrane resonance may dominate the power spectrum of subthreshold potential fluctuations. The resonance demonstrated in vitro may be stabilized by experimental procedures; its frequency may be different and more variable in vivo. Resonances in thalamic neurons may play a role in auditory signal processing in birds.
11
Hashimoto, Kouichi. "Mechanisms for the resonant property in rodent neurons." Neuroscience Research 156 (July 2020): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2019.12.013.
Full text
12
Fields, R. Douglas, and Phillip G. Nelson. "Resonant activation of calcium signal transduction in neurons." Journal of Neurobiology 25, no. 3 (March 1994): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/neu.480250308.
Full text
13
Maex, Reinoud, and Erik De Schutter. "Resonant Synchronization in Heterogeneous Networks of Inhibitory Neurons." Journal of Neuroscience 23, no. 33 (November 19, 2003): 10503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.23-33-10503.2003.
Full text
14
Neymotin, Samuel A., Benjamin A. Suter, Salvador Dura-Bernal, Gordon M. G. Shepherd, Michele Migliore, and William W. Lytton. "Optimizing computer models of corticospinal neurons to replicate in vitro dynamics." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00570.2016.
Full textAbstract:
Corticospinal neurons (SPI), thick-tufted pyramidal neurons in motor cortex layer 5B that project caudally via the medullary pyramids, display distinct class-specific electrophysiological properties in vitro: strong sag with hyperpolarization, lack of adaptation, and a nearly linear frequency-current ( F– I) relationship. We used our electrophysiological data to produce a pair of large archives of SPI neuron computer models in two model classes: 1) detailed models with full reconstruction; and 2) simplified models with six compartments. We used a PRAXIS and an evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO) in sequence to determine ion channel conductances. EMO selected good models from each of the two model classes to form the two model archives. Archived models showed tradeoffs across fitness functions. For example, parameters that produced excellent F– I fit produced a less-optimal fit for interspike voltage trajectory. Because of these tradeoffs, there was no single best model but rather models that would be best for particular usages for either single neuron or network explorations. Further exploration of exemplar models with strong F– I fit demonstrated that both the detailed and simple models produced excellent matches to the experimental data. Although dendritic ion identities and densities cannot yet be fully determined experimentally, we explored the consequences of a demonstrated proximal to distal density gradient of Ih, demonstrating that this would lead to a gradient of resonance properties with increased resonant frequencies more distally. We suggest that this dynamical feature could serve to make the cell particularly responsive to major frequency bands that differ by cortical layer. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We developed models of motor cortex corticospinal neurons that replicate in vitro dynamics, including hyperpolarization-induced sag and realistic firing patterns. Models demonstrated resonance in response to synaptic stimulation, with resonance frequency increasing in apical dendrites with increasing distance from soma, matching the increasing oscillation frequencies spanning deep to superficial cortical layers. This gradient may enable specific corticospinal neuron dendrites to entrain to relevant oscillations in different cortical layers, contributing to appropriate motor output commands.
15
Engel, T. A., L. Schimansky-Geier, A. V. M. Herz, S. Schreiber, and I. Erchova. "Subthreshold Membrane-Potential Resonances Shape Spike-Train Patterns in the Entorhinal Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 3 (September 2008): 1576–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01282.2007.
Full textAbstract:
Many neurons exhibit subthreshold membrane-potential resonances, such that the largest voltage responses occur at preferred stimulation frequencies. Because subthreshold resonances are known to influence the rhythmic activity at the network level, it is vital to understand how they affect spike generation on the single-cell level. We therefore investigated both resonant and nonresonant neurons of rat entorhinal cortex. A minimal resonate-and-fire type model based on measured physiological parameters captures fundamental properties of neuronal firing statistics surprisingly well and helps to shed light on the mechanisms that shape spike patterns: 1) subthreshold resonance together with a spike-induced reset of subthreshold oscillations leads to spike clustering and 2) spike-induced dynamics influence the fine structure of interspike interval (ISI) distributions and are responsible for ISI correlations appearing at higher firing rates (≥3 Hz). Both mechanisms are likely to account for the specific discharge characteristics of various cell types.
16
Puil, E., B. Gimbarzevsky, and I. Spigelman. "Primary involvement of K+ conductance in membrane resonance of trigeminal root ganglion neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 59, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.59.1.77.
Full textAbstract:
1. The complex impedances and impedance magnitude functions were obtained from neurons in in vitro slices of trigeminal root ganglia using frequency-domain analyses of intracellularly recorded voltage responses to specified oscillatory input currents. A neuronal model derived from linearized Hodgkin-Huxley-like equations was used to fit the complex impedance data. This procedure yielded estimates for membrane electrical properties. 2. Membrane resonance was observed in the impedance magnitude functions of all investigated neurons at their initial resting membrane potentials and was similar to that reported previously for trigeminal root ganglion neurons in vivo. Tetrodotoxin (10(-6) M), a Na+-channel blocker, applied in the bathing medium for 20 min produced only minor changes, if any, in the resonance, although gross impairment of Na+-spike electrogenesis was apparent in most of the neurons. Brief applications (1-5 min) of a K+-channel blocker, tetraethylammonium (TEA; 10(-2) M), increased the impedance magnitude and abolished, in a reversible manner, the resonant behavior. In all cases, the resonant frequency was decreased by TEA administration prior to total blockade of resonance. 3. The TEA-induced blockade of resonance was associated with decreases in the estimates of the membrane conductances, without significant alterations of input capacitance. A particularly large decrease was observed in Gr, the time-invariant resting conductance that includes a lumped leak conductance component. The voltage- and time-dependent conductance, GL, and associated relaxation time constant, tau u, also declined progressively during administration of TEA. 4. Systematic variations in the membrane potentials of trigeminal root ganglion neurons were produced by intracellular injections of long-lasting step currents with superposition of the oscillatory current stimuli, in order to assess the effects of TEA on the relationship of the electrical properties to the membrane potential. Applications of TEA led to a depolarizing shift in the dependence of the membrane property estimates, suggesting voltage-dependence of the effects of TEA on presumed K+ channels in the membrane. 5. These data suggest a primary involvement of K+ conductance in the genesis of membrane resonance. This electrical behavior or its ionic mechanism is a major modulator of the subthreshold electrical responsiveness of trigeminal root ganglion neurons.
17
Pena, R. F. O., V. Lima, R. O. Shimoura, C. C. Ceballos, H. G. Rotstein, and A. C. Roque. "Asymmetrical voltage response in resonant neurons shaped by nonlinearities." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 29, no. 10 (October 2019): 103135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5110033.
Full text
18
Laudanski, Jonathan, Benjamin Torben-Nielsen, Idan Segev, and Shihab Shamma. "Dendrites equip neurons with a range of resonant frequencies." BMC Neuroscience 13, Suppl 1 (2012): P46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-13-s1-p46.
Full text
19
Richardson, Magnus J. E., Nicolas Brunel, and Vincent Hakim. "From Subthreshold to Firing-Rate Resonance." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 2538–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00955.2002.
Full textAbstract:
First published December 27, 2002; 10.1152/jn.00955.2002. Many types of neurons exhibit subthreshold resonance. However, little is known about whether this frequency preference influences spike emission. Here, the link between subthreshold resonance and firing rate is examined in the framework of conductance-based models. A classification of the subthreshold properties of a general class of neurons is first provided. In particular, a class of neurons is identified in which the input impedance exhibits a suppression at a nonzero low frequency as well as a peak at higher frequency. The analysis is then extended to the effect of subthreshold resonance on the dynamics of the firing rate. The considered input current comprises a background noise term, mimicking the massive synaptic bombardment in vivo. Of interest is the modulatory effect an additional weak oscillating current has on the instantaneous firing rate. When the noise is weak and firing regular, the frequency most preferentially modulated is the firing rate itself. Conversely, when the noise is strong and firing irregular, the modulation is strongest at the subthreshold resonance frequency. These results are demonstrated for two specific conductance-based models and for a generalization of the integrate-and-fire model that captures subthreshold resonance. They suggest that resonant neurons are able to communicate their frequency preference to postsynaptic targets when the level of noise is comparable to that prevailing in vivo.
20
LEVI, REGEV, EYTAN RUPPIN, YOSSI MATIAS, and JAMES A. REGGIA. "FREQUENCY-SPATIAL TRANSFORMATION: A PROPOSAL FOR PARSIMONIOUS INTRA-CORTICAL COMMUNICATION." International Journal of Neural Systems 07, no. 05 (November 1996): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065796000579.
Full textAbstract:
This work examines a neural network model of a cortical module, where neurons are organized on a 2-dimensional sheet and are connected with higher probability to their spatial neighbors. Motivated by recent findings that cortical neurons have a resonant peak in their impedance magnitude function, we present a frequency-spatial transformation scheme that is schematically described as follows: An external input signal, applied to a small input subset of the neurons, spreads along the network. Due to a stochastic component in the dynamics of the neurons, the frequency of the spreading signal decreases as it propagates through the network. Depending on the input signal frequency, different neural assemblies will hence fire at their specific resonance frequency. We show analytically that the resulting frequency-spatial transformation is well-formed; an injective, fixed, mapping is obtained. Extensive numerical simulations demonstrate that a homogeneous, well-formed transformation may also be obtained in neural networks with cortical-like “Mexican-hat” connectivity. We hypothesize that a frequency-spatial transformation may serve as a basis for parsimonious cortical communication.
21
Hsiao, Chie-Fang, Gurvinder Kaur, Angela Vong, Harpreet Bawa, and Scott H. Chandler. "Participation of Kv1 Channels in Control of Membrane Excitability and Burst Generation in Mesencephalic V Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 101, no. 3 (March 2009): 1407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.91053.2008.
Full textAbstract:
The function and biophysical properties of low threshold Kv1 current in control of membrane resonance, subthreshold oscillations, and bursting in mesencephalic V neurons (Mes V) were examined in rat brain stem slices (P8–P12) using whole cell current and voltage patch-clamp methods. α-dendrotoxin application, a toxin with high specificity for Kv1.1, 1.2, and 1.6 channels, showed the presence of a low-threshold K+ current that activated rapidly around −50 mV and was relatively noninactivating over a 1-s period and had a V1/2max of −36.2 mV. Other toxins, specific for individual channels containing either Kv 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 α-subunits, were applied individually, or in combination, and showed that Kv1 channels are heteromeric, composed of combinations of subunits. In current-clamp mode, toxin application transformed the high-frequency resonant properties of the membrane into a low-pass filter and concomitantly reduced the frequency of the subthreshold membrane oscillations. During this period, rhythmical bursting was transformed into low-frequency tonic discharge. Interestingly, in a subset of neurons that did not show bursting, low doses of α-dendrotoxin (α-DTX) sufficient to block 50% of the low threshold Kv1 channels induced bursting and increased the resonant peak impedance and subthreshold oscillations, which was replicated with computer simulation. This suggests that a critical balance between inward and outward currents is necessary for bursting. This was replicated with computer simulation. Single cell RT-PCR and immunohistochemical methods confirmed the presence of Kv1.1, 1.2, and 1.6 α-subunits in Mes V neurons. These data indicate that low threshold Kv1 channels are responsible for membrane resonance, contribute to subthreshold oscillations, and are critical for burst generation.
22
Enomoto, Akifumi, Juliette M. Han, Chie-Fang Hsiao, and Scott H. Chandler. "Sodium Currents in Mesencephalic Trigeminal Neurons From Nav1.6 Null Mice." Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no. 2 (August 2007): 710–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00292.2007.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies using pharmacological methods suggest that subthreshold sodium currents are critical for rhythmical burst generation in mesencephalic trigeminal neurons (Mes V). In this study, we characterized transient ( INaT), persistent ( INaP), and resurgent ( Ires) sodium currents in Nav1.6-null mice ( med mouse, Nav1.6−/−) lacking expression of the sodium channel gene Scn8a. We found that peak transient, persistent, and resurgent sodium currents from med (Nav1.6−/−) mice were reduced by 18, 39, and 76% relative to their wild-type (Nav1.6+/+) littermates, respectively. Current clamp recordings indicated that, in response to sinusoidal constant amplitude current (ZAP function), all neurons exhibited membrane resonance. However, Mes V neurons from med mice had reduced peak amplitudes in the impedance-frequency relationship (resonant Q-value) and attenuated subthreshold oscillations despite the similar passive membrane properties compared with wild-type littermates. The spike frequency-current relationship exhibited reduced instantaneous discharge frequencies and spike block at low stimulus currents and seldom showed maintained spike discharge throughout the stimulus in the majority of med neurons compared with wild-type neurons. Importantly, med neurons never exhibited maintained stimulus-induced rhythmical burst discharge unlike those of wild-type littermates. The data showed that subthreshold sodium currents are critical determinants of Mes V electrogenesis and burst generation and suggest a role for resurgent sodium currents in control of spike discharge.
23
Vera, Jorge, Ulises Pereira, Bryan Reynaert, Juan Bacigalupo, and Magdalena Sanhueza. "Modulation of Frequency Preference in Heterogeneous Populations of Theta-resonant Neurons." Neuroscience 426 (February 2020): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.054.
Full text
24
Schreiber, Susanne, Irina Erchova, Uwe Heinemann, and Andreas V. M. Herz. "Subthreshold Resonance Explains the Frequency-Dependent Integration of Periodic as Well as Random Stimuli in the Entorhinal Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 92, no. 1 (July 2004): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01116.2003.
Full textAbstract:
Neurons integrate subthreshold inputs in a frequency-dependent manner. For sinusoidal stimuli, response amplitudes thus vary with stimulus frequency. Neurons in entorhinal cortex show two types of such resonance behavior: stellate cells in layer II exhibit a prominent peak in the resonance profile at stimulus frequencies of 5–16 Hz. Pyramidal cells in layer III show only a small impedance peak at low frequencies (1–5 Hz) or a maximum at 0 Hz followed by a monotonic decrease of the impedance. Whether the specific frequency selectivity for periodic stimuli also governs the integration of non-periodic stimuli has been questioned recently. Using frozen-noise stimuli with different distributions of power over frequencies, we provide experimental evidence that the integration of non-periodic subthreshold stimuli is determined by the same subthreshold frequency selectivity as that of periodic stimuli. Differences between the integration of noise stimuli in stellate and pyramidal cells can be fully explained by the resonance properties of each cell type. Response power thus reflects stimulus power in a frequency-selective way. Theoretical predictions based on linear system's theory as well as on conductance-based model neurons support this finding. We also show that the frequency selectivity in the subthreshold range extends to suprathreshold responses in terms of firing rate. Cells in entorhinal cortex are representative examples of cells with resonant or low-pass filter impedance profiles. It is therefore likely that neurons with similar frequency selectivity will process input signals according to the same simple principles.
25
Sciamanna, Giuseppe, and Charles J. Wilson. "The ionic mechanism of gamma resonance in rat striatal fast-spiking neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 106, no. 6 (December 2011): 2936–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00280.2011.
Full textAbstract:
Striatal fast-spiking (FS) cells in slices fire in the gamma frequency range and in vivo are often phase-locked to gamma oscillations in the field potential. We studied the firing patterns of these cells in slices from rats ages 16–23 days to determine the mechanism of their gamma resonance. The resonance of striatal FS cells was manifested as a minimum frequency for repetitive firing. At rheobase, cells fired a doublet of action potentials or doublets separated by pauses, with an instantaneous firing rate averaging 44 spikes/s. The minimum rate for sustained firing was also responsible for the stuttering firing pattern. Firing rate adapted during each episode of firing, and bursts were terminated when firing was reduced to the minimum sustainable rate. Resonance and stuttering continued after blockade of Kv3 current using tetraethylammonium (0.1–1 mM). Both gamma resonance and stuttering were strongly dependent on Kv1 current. Blockade of Kv1 channels with dendrotoxin-I (100 nM) completely abolished the stuttering firing pattern, greatly lowered the minimum firing rate, abolished gamma-band subthreshold oscillations, and slowed spike frequency adaptation. The loss of resonance could be accounted for by a reduction in potassium current near spike threshold and the emergence of a fixed spike threshold. Inactivation of the Kv1 channel combined with the minimum firing rate could account for the stuttering firing pattern. The resonant properties conferred by this channel were shown to be adequate to account for their phase-locking to gamma-frequency inputs as seen in vivo.
26
Takeda, Naoko, Suguru N. Kudoh, Takahisa Taguchi, and Chie Hosokawa. "Trapping of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules in Neurons with Resonant Optical Tweezers." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 134, no. 8 (2014): 1071–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.134.1071.
Full text
27
Higgs, M. H., and W. J. Spain. "Conditional Bursting Enhances Resonant Firing in Neocortical Layer 2-3 Pyramidal Neurons." Journal of Neuroscience 29, no. 5 (February 4, 2009): 1285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3728-08.2009.
Full text
28
Puil, E., B. Gimbarzevsky, and R. M. Miura. "Voltage dependence of membrane properties of trigeminal root ganglion neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 58, no. 1 (July 1, 1987): 66–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1987.58.1.66.
Full textAbstract:
1. Membrane potentials of trigeminal root ganglion neurons were varied systematically by intracellular injections of long-lasting step currents to determine the voltage dependence of their membrane electrical properties. The complex impedance and impedance magnitude functions were first determined using oscillatory input currents superimposed on these step currents. 2. Systematic step variations in the membrane potential led to qualitative changes in the impedance magnitude functions. Depolarization of neurons exhibiting resonance at their initial resting membrane potentials resulted in a reduction in the resonance behavior. Hyperpolarization of these neurons to membrane potentials of about -80 to -90 mV led to a disappearance of the resonant peak but increased the maximum of the impedance magnitude. 3. The complex impedance data were fitted with a neuronal model derived from linearized Hodgkin-Huxley-like equations, yielding estimates for the membrane properties. The four parameters of the model were 1) a time invariant, resting membrane conductance, Gr, 2) a voltage- and time-dependent conductance, GL, 3) a time constant, tau u, for the unknown ionic channels that are activated by the 2- to 5-mV oscillatory perturbation of the stepped membrane potential, and 4) Ci, the input capacitance. 4. The results of the curve-fitting procedures suggested that all parameters depended on membrane voltage. The most voltage-dependent parameters were GL and tau u throughout a 25- to 30-mV range that was subthreshold to the production of action potentials. Both Gr and GL increased with subthreshold depolarization. 5. These impedance data suggest the very important role of the membrane potential of the trigeminal root ganglion neurons on their abilities to synthesize and filter inputted electrical signals.
29
Gutfreund, Y., Y. yarom, and I. Segev. "Subthreshold oscillations and resonant frequency in guinea-pig cortical neurons: physiology and modelling." Journal of Physiology 483, no. 3 (March 15, 1995): 621–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020611.
Full text
30
Masuda, Naoki, Brent Doiron, André Longtin, and Kazuyuki Aihara. "Coding of Temporally Varying Signals in Networks of Spiking Neurons with Global Delayed Feedback." Neural Computation 17, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 2139–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0899766054615680.
Full textAbstract:
Oscillatory and synchronized neural activities are commonly found in the brain, and evidence suggests that many of them are caused by global feedback. Their mechanisms and roles in information processing have been discussed often using purely feedforward networks or recurrent networks with constant inputs. On the other hand, real recurrent neural networks are abundant and continually receive information-rich inputs from the outside environment or other parts of the brain. We examine how feedforward networks of spiking neurons with delayed global feedback process information about temporally changing inputs. We show that the network behavior is more synchronous as well as more correlated with and phase-locked to the stimulus when the stimulus frequency is resonant with the inherent frequency of the neuron or that of the network oscillation generated by the feedback architecture. The two eigenmodes have distinct dynamical characteristics, which are supported by numerical simulations and by analytical arguments based on frequency response and bifurcation theory. This distinction is similar to the class I versus class II classification of single neurons according to the bifurcation from quiescence to periodic firing, and the two modes depend differently on system parameters. These two mechanisms may be associated with different types of information processing.
31
GOWRISANKARAN, SOWJANYA, J. JASON McANANY, and KENNETH R. ALEXANDER. "Poststimulus response characteristics of the human cone flicker electroretinogram." Visual Neuroscience 30, no. 4 (July 2013): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523813000333.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAt certain temporal frequencies, the human cone flicker electroretinogram (ERG) contains multiple additional responses following the termination of a flicker train. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these poststimulus responses are a continuing response to the terminated flicker train or represent the oscillation of a resonant system. ERGs were recorded from 10 visually normal adults in response to full-field sinusoidally modulated flicker trains presented against a short-wavelength rod-saturating adapting field. The amplitude and timing properties of the poststimulus responses were evaluated within the context of a model of a second-order resonant system. At stimulus frequencies between 41.7 and 71.4 Hz, the majority of subjects showed at least three additional ERG responses following the termination of the flicker train. The interval between the poststimulus responses was approximately constant across stimulus frequency, with a mean of 14.4 ms, corresponding to a frequency of 69.4 Hz. The amplitude and timing characteristics of the poststimulus ERG responses were well described by an underdamped second-order system with a resonance frequency of 70.3 Hz. The observed poststimulus ERG responses may represent resonant oscillations of retinal ON bipolar cells, as has been proposed for electrophysiological recordings of poststimulus responses from retinal ganglion cells. However, further investigation is required to determine the types of retinal neurons involved in the generation of the poststimulus responses of the human flicker ERG.
32
Masuda, Naoki, Masato Okada, and Kazuyuki Aihara. "Filtering of Spatial Bias and Noise Inputs by Spatially Structured Neural Networks." Neural Computation 19, no. 7 (July 2007): 1854–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2007.19.7.1854.
Full textAbstract:
With spatially organized neural networks, we examined how bias and noise inputs with spatial structure result in different network states such as bumps, localized oscillations, global oscillations, and localized synchronous firing that may be relevant to, for example, orientation selectivity. To this end, we used networks of McCulloch-Pitts neurons, which allow theoretical predictions, and verified the obtained results with numerical simulations. Spatial inputs, no matter whether they are bias inputs or shared noise inputs, affect only firing activities with resonant spatial frequency. The component of noise that is independent for different neurons increases the linearity of the neural system and gives rise to less spatial mode mixing and less bistability of population activities.
33
Klofaï, Yerima, B. Z. Essimbi, and D. Jäger. "An MMIC implementation of FitzHugh–Nagumo neurons using a resonant tunneling diode nonlinear transmission line." Physica Scripta 90, no. 2 (January 28, 2015): 025002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/90/2/025002.
Full text
34
Puil, E., R. M. Miura, and I. Spigelman. "Consequences of 4-aminopyridine applications to trigeminal root ganglion neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 62, no. 3 (September 1, 1989): 810–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1989.62.3.810.
Full textAbstract:
1. The effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on the electrical properties of 30 trigeminal root ganglion (TRG) neurons were determined from the membrane voltage responses to step and sinusoidal current injections using intracellular microelectrode techniques in in vitro slice preparations (guinea pigs). 2. Comparisons of results from 4-AP applications (0.05-5 mM) with those from tetraethylammonium (TEA) applications (0.1-10 mM) revealed very different actions of these agents. Both agents produced an increase in input resistance and a decrease in threshold for spike generation. Applications of 4-AP increased subthreshold oscillations of the membrane potential and enhanced the repetitive spike firing evoked by intracellular injections of current pulses. However, TEA applications blocked the potential oscillations and did not exaggerate repetitive spike discharges. Spontaneous spike activity or bursts were observed in four neurons that received 4-AP applications. 3. Membrane properties were determined in 20 of the 30 neurons by fitting impedance data in the frequency domain with a four-parameter membrane model by the use of computer-intensive techniques. In the majority of neurons, the time-invariant and time-dependent membrane conductances decreased during 4-AP application. The time constant for the time-dependent conductance also decreased, suggesting that the closing of K+-channels was facilitated in the membrane. 4. Applications of 4-AP in a dose range of 50 microM-5 mM produced rapid (approximately tens of seconds) responses of the neurons, resulting in a dose-dependent increase of the impedance magnitude functions and in a leftward shift of the resonant "humps" to lower frequencies. This shift indicates that the TRG neuronal membrane is capable of producing large voltage responses to current inputs at low frequencies. Recovery from the effects of 4-AP was slow (usually greater than 30 min). 5. Applications of 4-AP at high doses (greater than or equal to 1 mM) and at various imposed membrane potentials in four neurons resulted in poorly reversible unspecific changes in certain membrane parameters (increased input capacitance and conductance) and an insensitivity of the input conductance to the imposed membrane potential. These effects could be interpreted as membrane breakdown. 6. The tendencies of TRG neurons to fire repetitively and in bursts of spikes during 4-AP application result from the increased oscillatory behavior of their membrane potentials and changes in membrane resonance induced by presumed blockade of K+ channels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
35
Susin, Eduarda, and Alain Destexhe. "Integration, coincidence detection and resonance in networks of spiking neurons expressing Gamma oscillations and asynchronous states." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 9 (September 16, 2021): e1009416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009416.
Full textAbstract:
Gamma oscillations are widely seen in the awake and sleeping cerebral cortex, but the exact role of these oscillations is still debated. Here, we used biophysical models to examine how Gamma oscillations may participate to the processing of afferent stimuli. We constructed conductance-based network models of Gamma oscillations, based on different cell types found in cerebral cortex. The models were adjusted to extracellular unit recordings in humans, where Gamma oscillations always coexist with the asynchronous firing mode. We considered three different mechanisms to generate Gamma, first a mechanism based on the interaction between pyramidal neurons and interneurons (PING), second a mechanism in which Gamma is generated by interneuron networks (ING) and third, a mechanism which relies on Gamma oscillations generated by pacemaker chattering neurons (CHING). We find that all three mechanisms generate features consistent with human recordings, but that the ING mechanism is most consistent with the firing rate change inside Gamma bursts seen in the human data. We next evaluated the responsiveness and resonant properties of these networks, contrasting Gamma oscillations with the asynchronous mode. We find that for both slowly-varying stimuli and precisely-timed stimuli, the responsiveness is generally lower during Gamma compared to asynchronous states, while resonant properties are similar around the Gamma band. We could not find conditions where Gamma oscillations were more responsive. We therefore predict that asynchronous states provide the highest responsiveness to external stimuli, while Gamma oscillations tend to overall diminish responsiveness.
36
Kim, Tae, Stephen Thankachan, James T. McKenna, James M. McNally, Chun Yang, Jee Hyun Choi, Lichao Chen, et al. "Cortically projecting basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons regulate cortical gamma band oscillations." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 11 (March 2, 2015): 3535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413625112.
Full textAbstract:
Cortical gamma band oscillations (GBO, 30–80 Hz, typically ∼40 Hz) are involved in higher cognitive functions such as feature binding, attention, and working memory. GBO abnormalities are a feature of several neuropsychiatric disorders associated with dysfunction of cortical fast-spiking interneurons containing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV). GBO vary according to the state of arousal, are modulated by attention, and are correlated with conscious awareness. However, the subcortical cell types underlying the state-dependent control of GBO are not well understood. Here we tested the role of one cell type in the wakefulness-promoting basal forebrain (BF) region, cortically projecting GABAergic neurons containing PV, whose virally transduced fibers we found apposed cortical PV interneurons involved in generating GBO. Optogenetic stimulation of BF PV neurons in mice preferentially increased cortical GBO power by entraining a cortical oscillator with a resonant frequency of ∼40 Hz, as revealed by analysis of both rhythmic and nonrhythmic BF PV stimulation. Selective saporin lesions of BF cholinergic neurons did not alter the enhancement of cortical GBO power induced by BF PV stimulation. Importantly, bilateral optogenetic inhibition of BF PV neurons decreased the power of the 40-Hz auditory steady-state response, a read-out of the ability of the cortex to generate GBO used in clinical studies. Our results are surprising and novel in indicating that this presumptively inhibitory BF PV input controls cortical GBO, likely by synchronizing the activity of cortical PV interneurons. BF PV neurons may represent a previously unidentified therapeutic target to treat disorders involving abnormal GBO, such as schizophrenia.
37
Alaerts, Kaat, Stephan P. Swinnen, and Nicole Wenderoth. "Action Perception in Individuals with Congenital Blindness or Deafness: How Does the Loss of a Sensory Modality from Birth Affect Perception-induced Motor Facilitation?" Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 5 (May 2011): 1080–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21517.
Full textAbstract:
Seeing or hearing manual actions activates the mirror neuron system, that is, specialized neurons within motor areas which fire when an action is performed but also when it is passively perceived. Using TMS, it was shown that motor cortex of typically developed subjects becomes facilitated not only from seeing others' actions, but also from merely hearing action-related sounds. In the present study, TMS was used for the first time to explore the “auditory” and “visual” responsiveness of motor cortex in individuals with congenital blindness or deafness. TMS was applied over left primary motor cortex (M1) to measure cortico-motor facilitation while subjects passively perceived manual actions (either visually or aurally). Although largely unexpected, congenitally blind or deaf subjects displayed substantially lower resonant motor facilitation upon action perception compared to seeing/hearing control subjects. Moreover, muscle-specific changes in cortico-motor excitability within M1 appeared to be absent in individuals with profound blindness or deafness. Overall, these findings strongly argue against the hypothesis that an increased reliance on the remaining sensory modality in blind or deaf subjects is accompanied by an increased responsiveness of the “auditory” or “visual” perceptual–motor “mirror” system, respectively. Moreover, the apparent lack of resonant motor facilitation for the blind and deaf subjects may challenge the hypothesis of a unitary mirror system underlying human action recognition and may suggest that action perception in blind and deaf subjects engages a mode of action processing that is different from the human action recognition system recruited in typically developed subjects.
38
Arena, Paolo, Marco Calí, Luca Patané, Agnese Portera, and Roland Strauss. "A Fly-Inspired Mushroom Bodies Model for Sensory-Motor Control Through Sequence and Subsequence Learning." International Journal of Neural Systems 26, no. 06 (July 19, 2016): 1650035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065716500350.
Full textAbstract:
Classification and sequence learning are relevant capabilities used by living beings to extract complex information from the environment for behavioral control. The insect world is full of examples where the presentation time of specific stimuli shapes the behavioral response. On the basis of previously developed neural models, inspired by Drosophila melanogaster, a new architecture for classification and sequence learning is here presented under the perspective of the Neural Reuse theory. Classification of relevant input stimuli is performed through resonant neurons, activated by the complex dynamics generated in a lattice of recurrent spiking neurons modeling the insect Mushroom Bodies neuropile. The network devoted to context formation is able to reconstruct the learned sequence and also to trace the subsequences present in the provided input. A sensitivity analysis to parameter variation and noise is reported. Experiments on a roving robot are reported to show the capabilities of the architecture used as a neural controller.
39
Ghitani, Nima, Peter O. Bayguinov, Yihe Ma, and Meyer B. Jackson. "Single-trial imaging of spikes and synaptic potentials in single neurons in brain slices with genetically encoded hybrid voltage sensor." Journal of Neurophysiology 113, no. 4 (February 15, 2015): 1249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00691.2014.
Full textAbstract:
Genetically encoded voltage sensors expand the optogenetics toolkit into the important realm of electrical recording, enabling researchers to study the dynamic activity of complex neural circuits in real time. However, these probes have thus far performed poorly when tested in intact neural circuits. Hybrid voltage sensors (hVOS) enable the imaging of voltage by harnessing the resonant energy transfer that occurs between a genetically encoded component, a membrane-tethered fluorescent protein that serves as a donor, and a small charged molecule, dipicrylamine, which serves as an acceptor. hVOS generates optical signals as a result of voltage-induced changes in donor-acceptor distance. We expressed the hVOS probe in mouse brain by in utero electroporation and in transgenic mice with a neuronal promoter. Under conditions favoring sparse labeling we could visualize single-labeled neurons. hVOS imaging reported electrically evoked fluorescence changes from individual neurons in slices from entorhinal cortex, somatosensory cortex, and hippocampus. These fluorescence signals tracked action potentials in individual neurons in a single trial with excellent temporal fidelity, producing changes that exceeded background noise by as much as 16-fold. Subthreshold synaptic potentials were detected in single trials in multiple distinct cells simultaneously. We followed signal propagation between different cells within one field of view and between dendrites and somata of the same cell. hVOS imaging thus provides a tool for high-resolution recording of electrical activity from genetically targeted cells in intact neuronal circuits.
40
Morrison, James A., Faranak Farzan, Thane Fremouw, Riziq Sayegh, Ellen Covey, and Paul A. Faure. "Organization and trade-off of spectro-temporal tuning properties of duration-tuned neurons in the mammalian inferior colliculus." Journal of Neurophysiology 111, no. 10 (May 15, 2014): 2047–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00850.2013.
Full textAbstract:
Neurons throughout the mammalian central auditory pathway respond selectively to stimulus frequency and amplitude, and some are also selective for stimulus duration. First found in the auditory midbrain or inferior colliculus (IC), these duration-tuned neurons (DTNs) provide a potential neural mechanism for encoding temporal features of sound. In this study, we investigated how having an additional neural response filter, one selective to the duration of an auditory stimulus, influences frequency tuning and neural organization by recording single-unit responses and measuring the dorsal-ventral position and spectral-temporal tuning properties of auditory DTNs from the IC of the awake big brown bat ( Eptesicus fuscus). Like other IC neurons, DTNs were tonotopically organized and had either V-shaped, U-shaped, or O-shaped frequency tuning curves (excitatory frequency response areas). We hypothesized there would be an interaction between frequency and duration tuning in DTNs, as electrical engineering theory for resonant filters dictates a trade-off in spectral-temporal resolution: sharp tuning in the frequency domain results in poorer resolution in the time domain and vice versa. While the IC is a more complex signal analyzer than an electrical filter, a similar operational trade-off could exist in the responses of DTNs. Our data revealed two patterns of spectro-temporal sensitivity and spatial organization within the IC: DTNs with sharp frequency tuning and broad duration tuning were located in the dorsal IC, whereas cells with wide spectral tuning and narrow temporal tuning were found in the ventral IC.
41
Bel, Andrea, Ana Torresi, and Horacio G. Rotstein. "Inhibition-based relaxation oscillations emerge in resonator networks." Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 14, no. 4 (2019): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/2019019.
Full textAbstract:
We investigate the mechanisms responsible for the generation of oscillations in mutually inhibitory cells of non-oscillatory neurons and the transitions from non-relaxation (sinusoidal-like) oscillations to relaxation oscillations. We use a minimal model consisting of a 2D linear resonator, a 1D linear cell and graded synaptic inhibition described by a piecewise linear sigmoidal function. Individually, resonators exhibit a peak in their response to oscillatory inputs at a preferred (resonant) frequency, but they do not show intrinsic (damped) oscillations in response to constant perturbations. We show that network oscillations emerge in this model for appropriate balance of the model parameters, particularly the connectivity strength and the steepness of the connectivity function. For fixed values of the latter, there is a transition from sinusoidal-like to relaxation oscillations as the connectivity strength increases. Similarly, for fixed connectivity strength values, increasing the connectivity steepness also leads to relaxation oscillations. Interestingly, relaxation oscillations are not observed when the 2D linear node is a damped oscillator. We discuss the role of the intrinsic properties of the participating nodes by focusing on the effect that the resonator’s resonant frequency has on the network frequency and amplitude.
42
Nobukawa, Sou, and Haruhiko Nishimura. "Chaotic Resonance in Coupled Inferior Olive Neurons with the Llinás Approach Neuron Model." Neural Computation 28, no. 11 (November 2016): 2505–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00894.
Full textAbstract:
It is well known that cerebellar motor control is fine-tuned by the learning process adjusted according to rich error signals from inferior olive (IO) neurons. Schweighofer and colleagues proposed that these signals can be produced by chaotic irregular firing in the IO neuron assembly; such chaotic resonance (CR) was replicated in their computer demonstration of a Hodgkin-Huxley (HH)-type compartment model. In this study, we examined the response of CR to a periodic signal in the IO neuron assembly comprising the Llinás approach IO neuron model. This system involves empirically observed dynamics of the IO membrane potential and is simpler than the HH-type compartment model. We then clarified its dependence on electrical coupling strength, input signal strength, and frequency. Furthermore, we compared the physiological validity for IO neurons such as low firing rate and sustaining subthreshold oscillation between CR and conventional stochastic resonance (SR) and examined the consistency with asynchronous firings indicated by the previous model-based studies in the cerebellar learning process. In addition, the signal response of CR and SR was investigated in a large neuron assembly. As the result, we confirmed that CR was consistent with the above IO neuron’s characteristics, but it was not as easy for SR.
43
Wang, Shuoguo, Maximilian M. Musharoff, Carmen C. Canavier, and Sonia Gasparini. "Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons exhibit type 1 phase-response curves and type 1 excitability." Journal of Neurophysiology 109, no. 11 (June 1, 2013): 2757–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00721.2012.
Full textAbstract:
Phase-resetting properties of neurons determine their functionality as integrators (type 1) vs. resonators (type 2), as well as their synchronization tendencies. We introduce a novel, bias-correction method to estimate the infinitesimal phase-resetting curve (iPRC) and confirm type 1 excitability in hippocampal pyramidal CA1 neurons in vitro by two independent methods. First, PRCs evoked using depolarizing pulses consisted only of advances, consistent with type 1. Second, the frequency/current (f/I) plots showed no minimum frequency, again consistent with type 1. Type 1 excitability was also confirmed by the absence of a resonant peak in the interspike interval histograms derived from the f/I data. The PRC bias correction assumed that the distribution of noisy phase resetting is truncated, because an input cannot advance a spike to a point in time before the input (the causal limit) and successfully removed the statistical bias for delays in the null PRC in response to zero-magnitude input by computing the phase resetting as the mean of the untruncated distribution. The PRC for depolarization peaked at late phases and decreased to zero by the end of the cycle, whereas delays observed in response to hyperpolarization increased monotonically. The bias correction did not affect this difference in shape, which was due instead to the causal limit obscuring the iPRC for depolarization but not hyperpolarization. Our results suggest that weak periodic hyperpolarizing drive can theoretically entrain CA1 pyramidal neurons at any phase but that strong excitation will preferentially phase-lock them with zero time lag.
44
Li, S., G. W. Arbuthnott, M. J. Jutras, J. A. Goldberg, and D. Jaeger. "Resonant Antidromic Cortical Circuit Activation as a Consequence of High-Frequency Subthalamic Deep-Brain Stimulation." Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no. 6 (December 2007): 3525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00808.2007.
Full textAbstract:
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) for many patients. The most effective stimulation consists of high-frequency biphasic stimulation pulses around 130 Hz delivered between two active sites of an implanted depth electrode to the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS). Multiple studies have shown that a key effect of STN-DBS that correlates well with clinical outcome is the reduction of synchronous and oscillatory activity in cortical and basal ganglia networks. We hypothesized that antidromic cortical activation may provide an underlying mechanism responsible for this effect, because stimulation is usually performed in proximity to cortical efferent pathways. We show with intracellular cortical recordings in rats that STN-DBS did in fact lead to antidromic spiking of deep layer cortical neurons. Furthermore, antidromic spikes triggered a dampened oscillation of local field potentials in cortex with a resonant frequency around 120 Hz. The amplitude of antidromic activation was significantly correlated with an observed suppression of slow wave and beta band activity during STN-DBS. These findings were seen in ketamine-xylazine or isoflurane anesthesia in both normal and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)–lesioned rats. Thus antidromic resonant activation of cortical microcircuits may make an important contribution toward counteracting the overly synchronous and oscillatory activity characteristic of cortical activity in PD.
45
Liu, Ying, and Xinmin Xu. "Stochastic and Coherence Resonance in a Dressed Neuron Model." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 24, no. 04 (April 2014): 1450052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127414500527.
Full textAbstract:
The noise induced stochastic behaviors, in terms of stochastic resonance (SR) and coherence resonance (CR), have been widely reported in many nonlinear systems in different disciplines. In particular, in neuroscience, both the phenomena of SR and CR have been discovered. However, the traditional studies only focus on the dynamical behaviors of the neurons without considering the effects of other biological cells. It is known that neurons are surrounded by a number of glial cells. Being a subgroup of glial cells, astrocytes have been argued to take part in neuronal signal processing. Therefore, it is more reasonable to study the dynamics of a neuron by incorporating the effect of astrocyte, which is termed as dressed neuron. In this paper, the stochastic behaviors of a dressed Hodgkin–Huxley neuron with mutual neuron-astrocyte interaction are studied, and the effects of astrocyte on different resonance mechanisms are analyzed. Simulation results show that the astrocyte plays a similar role as noise in the stochastic behaviors of a neuron, which enhances the performance of a neuron in signal transduction via resonance mechanisms.
46
Beatty, Joseph A., Soomin C. Song, and Charles J. Wilson. "Cell-type-specific resonances shape the responses of striatal neurons to synaptic input." Journal of Neurophysiology 113, no. 3 (February 1, 2015): 688–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00827.2014.
Full textAbstract:
Neurons respond to synaptic inputs in cell-type-specific ways. Each neuron type may thus respond uniquely to shared patterns of synaptic input. We applied statistically identical barrages of artificial synaptic inputs to four striatal cell types to assess differences in their responses to a realistic input pattern. Each interneuron type fired in phase with a specific input-frequency component. The fast-spiking interneuron fired in relation to the gamma-band (and higher) frequencies, the low-threshold spike interneuron to the beta-band frequencies, and the cholinergic neurons to the delta-band frequencies. Low-threshold spiking and cholinergic interneurons showed input impedance resonances at frequencies matching their spiking resonances. Fast-spiking interneurons showed resonance of input impedance but at lower than gamma frequencies. The spiny projection neuron's frequency preference did not have a fixed frequency but instead tracked its own firing rate. Spiny cells showed no input impedance resonance. Striatal interneurons are each tuned to a specific frequency band corresponding to the major frequency components of local field potentials. Their influence in the circuit may fluctuate along with the contribution of that frequency band to the input. In contrast, spiny neurons may tune to any of the frequency bands by a change in firing rate.
47
Margolis, David J., and Peter B. Detwiler. "Cellular Origin of Spontaneous Ganglion Cell Spike Activity in Animal Models of Retinitis Pigmentosa." Journal of Ophthalmology 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/507037.
Full textAbstract:
Here we review evidence that loss of photoreceptors due to degenerative retinal disease causes an increase in the rate of spontaneous ganglion spike discharge. Information about persistent spike activity is important since it is expected to add noise to the communication between the eye and the brain and thus impact the design and effective use of retinal prosthetics for restoring visual function in patients blinded by disease. Patch-clamp recordings from identified types of ON and OFF retinal ganglion cells in the adult (36–210 d old)rd1mouse show that the ongoing oscillatory spike activity in both cell types is driven by strong rhythmic synaptic input from presynaptic neurons that is blocked by CNQX. The recurrent synaptic activity may arise in a negative feedback loop between a bipolar cell and an amacrine cell that exhibits resonant behavior and oscillations in membrane potential when the normal balance between excitation and inhibition is disrupted by the absence of photoreceptor input.
48
Russo, Vanessa, Patrizio Candeloro, Natalia Malara, Gerardo Perozziello, Michelangelo Iannone, Miriam Scicchitano, Rocco Mollace, et al. "Key Role of Cytochrome C for Apoptosis Detection Using Raman Microimaging in an Animal Model of Brain Ischemia with Insulin Treatment." Applied Spectroscopy 73, no. 10 (July 12, 2019): 1208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702819858671.
Full textAbstract:
Brain ischemia represents a leading cause of death and disability in industrialized countries. To date, therapeutic intervention is largely unsatisfactory and novel strategies are required for getting better protection of neurons injured by cerebral blood flow restriction. Recent evidence suggests that brain insulin leads to protection of neuronal population undergoing apoptotic cell death via modulation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial cytochrome c (CytC), an effect to be better clarified. In this work, we investigate on the effect of insulin given intracerebroventricular (ICV) before inducing a transient global ischemia by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (BCCO) in Mongolian gerbils (MG). The transient (3 min) global ischemia in MG is observed to produce neurodegenerative effect mainly into CA3 hippocampal region, 72 h after cerebral blood restriction. Intracerebroventricular microinfusion of insulin significantly prevents the apoptosis of CA3 hippocampal neurons. Histological observation, after hematoxylin and eosin staining, puts in evidence the neuroprotective role of insulin, but Raman microimaging provides a clearer insight in the CytC mechanism underlying the apoptotic process. Above all, CytC has been revealed to be an outstanding, innate Raman marker for monitoring the cells status, thanks to its resonant scattering at 530 nm of incident wavelength and to its crucial role in the early stages of cells apoptosis. These data support the hypothesis of an insulin-dependent neuroprotection and antiapoptotic mechanism occurring in the brain of MG undergoing transient brain ischemia. The observed effects occurred without any peripheral change on serum glucose levels, suggesting an alternative mechanism of insulin-induced neuroprotection.
49
Smyllie, Nicola J., Johanna E. Chesham, Ryan Hamnett, Elizabeth S. Maywood, and Michael H. Hastings. "Temporally chimeric mice reveal flexibility of circadian period-setting in the suprachiasmatic nucleus." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 13 (March 10, 2016): 3657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1511351113.
Full textAbstract:
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the master circadian clock controlling daily behavior in mammals. It consists of a heterogeneous network of neurons, in which cell-autonomous molecular feedback loops determine the period and amplitude of circadian oscillations of individual cells. In contrast, circuit-level properties of coherence, synchrony, and ensemble period are determined by intercellular signals and are embodied in a circadian wave of gene expression that progresses daily across the SCN. How cell-autonomous and circuit-level mechanisms interact in timekeeping is poorly understood. To explore this interaction, we used intersectional genetics to create temporally chimeric mice with SCN containing dopamine 1a receptor (Drd1a) cells with an intrinsic period of 24 h alongside non-Drd1a cells with 20-h clocks. Recording of circadian behavior in vivo alongside cellular molecular pacemaking in SCN slices in vitro demonstrated that such chimeric circuits form robust and resilient circadian clocks. It also showed that the computation of ensemble period is nonlinear. Moreover, the chimeric circuit sustained a wave of gene expression comparable to that of nonchimeric SCN, demonstrating that this circuit-level property is independent of differences in cell-intrinsic periods. The relative dominance of 24-h Drd1a and 20-h non-Drd1a neurons in setting ensemble period could be switched by exposure to resonant or nonresonant 24-h or 20-h lighting cycles. The chimeric circuit therefore reveals unanticipated principles of circuit-level operation underlying the emergent plasticity, resilience, and robustness of the SCN clock. The spontaneous and light-driven flexibility of period observed in chimeric mice provides a new perspective on the concept of SCN pacemaker cells.
50
Behrendt, Ralf-Peter, and Claire Young. "Hallucinations in schizophrenia, sensory impairment, and brain disease: A unifying model." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27, no. 6 (December 2004): 771–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x04000184.
Full textAbstract:
Based on recent insight into the thalamocortical system and its role in perception and conscious experience, a unified pathophysiological framework for hallucinations in neurological and psychiatric conditions is proposed, which integrates previously unrelated neurobiological and psychological findings. Gamma-frequency rhythms of discharge activity from thalamic and cortical neurons are facilitated by cholinergic arousal and resonate in networks of thalamocortical circuits, thereby transiently forming assemblies of coherent gamma oscillations under constraints of afferent sensory input and prefrontal attentional mechanisms. If perception is based on synchronisation of intrinsic gamma activity in the thalamocortical system, then sensory input to specific thalamic nuclei may merely play a constraining role. Hallucinations can be regarded as underconstrained perceptions that arise when the impact of sensory input on activation of thalamocortical circuits and synchronisation of thalamocortical gamma activity is reduced. In conditions that are accompanied by hallucinations, factors such as cortical hyperexcitability, cortical attentional mechanisms, hyperarousal, increased noise in specific thalamic nuclei, and random sensory input to specific thalamic nuclei may, to a varying degree, contribute to underconstrained activation of thalamocortical circuits. The reticular thalamic nucleus plays an important role in suppressing random activity of relay cells in specific thalamic nuclei, and its dysfunction may be implicated in the biological vulnerability to hallucinations in schizophrenia. Combined with general activation during cholinergic arousal, this leads to excessive disinhibition in specific thalamic nuclei, which may allow cortical attentional mechanisms to recruit thalamic relay cells into resonant assemblies of gamma oscillations, regardless of their actual sensory input, thereby producing an underconstrained perceptual experience.