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Journal articles on the topic 'Resource Mobilisation Theory'
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1
Buser De, Maya, and Chanwahn Kim. "Social Movements against Corruption and Sexual Violence in India." Asian Journal of Social Science 44, no. 1-2 (2016): 7–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04401002.
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This paper investigates the highly mediatised mobilisation of the urban middle class in Delhi, India, against two social events, the anti-corruption movement in 2011 and the movement against sexual violence in 2013. It uses the perspective of resource mobilisation theory and, more specifically, the resource typology for social movements for a systematic and comparative analysis of middle-class mobilisation. The inclusion of a category of institutional resources is proposed, because of the important role played by judicial institutions to frame demands for change in both instances. Findings from this investigation reveal that the urban middle class in Delhi has approached these two movements using similar cultural, human and institutional resources, but it has significantly diverged in its usage of social-organisational resources. This study contributes to the ongoing discussions about the potential new role of the diverse urban middle class in Indian politics beyond electoral processes.
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Kobugabe, Christine, and John Rwakihembo. "Financial Resource Mobilisation Strategies And Financial Sustainability: Empirical Evidence From Private Universities In Uganda." American Journal of Finance 7, no. 1 (April 2, 2022): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajf.976.
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Purpose: The study set out to examine the association between financial resource mobilisation strategies and the financial sustainability of private universities in Uganda.
Methodology: The study was anchored on a positivist paradigm, adopting cross-sectional and correlational designs. Thirty-two private universities (determined using Yamane’s formula) were purposively selected from a population of 39 private universities licensed by the National Council for Higher Education (NCHE). Data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire from the Vice-Chancellor, Registrar finance/bursar, and Academic Registrar, who formed the unit of inquiry per private university. Pearson correlation and standard regression were used as the primary data analysis techniques.
Findings: The study established that financial resource mobilisation strategies are positively associated with financial sustainability, predicting 32% of the variation in the financial sustainability of private universities in Uganda.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The findings highlight the critical prerequisite for private universities to triangulate their resource mobilisation methods by utilising internal and external finance sources to survive financial difficulties. Findings have affirmed the assumptions of the modern portfolio theory, suggesting that private universities should ensure an optimal portfolio of financing strategies that will minimise the risk of financial distress while increasing returns, rather than only focusing on internal sources, especially tuition fees.
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Abdullah, Farhad Hassan. "Revolution in Egypt: Political Movements and Mobilisation of Resources." Insight on Africa 12, no. 1 (August 25, 2019): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975087819848914.
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This article discusses the application of the resource mobilisation theory (RMT) to clarify the activities of certain key socio-political movements in Egypt. It contends that the political movements in Egypt have utilised social networking sites (SNSs) as a tool for mobilising people and co-ordinating anti-regime activities. It deals with certain political groups prior to and throughout the revolution in Egypt, which played significant roles in recent political changes taking place in the country. This work confirmed that SNSs have become a crucial resource for political groups to bringing about collective and co-ordinated actions. Thus, the article elucidates the importance of RMT in the context of socio-political movements in Egypt and their subsequent influence by looking at the utilisation of social media throughout political uprisings in the country. As per the RMT, the SNSs could be used as a resource for promoting and succeeding anti-government political groups, which subsequently ended the regime.
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Kirk, Eleanor. "The (re)organisation of conflict at work: Mobilisation, counter-mobilisation and the displacement of grievance expressions." Economic and Industrial Democracy 39, no. 4 (August 2, 2018): 639–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x18777617.
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The article provides a conceptual critique of Kelly’s mobilisation theory in terms of its analytical reach into debates regarding alternative forms of dispute, in order to develop more satisfactory ways to evaluate the meaning and significance of various acts of opposition in the contemporary workplace. Rethinking Industrial Relations reinvigorated its field, stimulating optimism, theoretical rigour and renewed faith in radical perspectives. However, most subsequent work has focused upon its implications for trade union organising and specific moments of collective mobilisation. Less well appreciated is the way in which mobilisation theory provides a theoretical foundation upon which to build a more expansive and detailed account of grievance formation within alternative trajectories of worker opposition in the context of state and employer counter-mobilisation.
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Klaridermans, Bert. "New Social Movements and Resource Mobilization: The European and the American Approach." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 4, no. 2 (August 1986): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072708600400203.
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In the past 20 years, student movements, environmental movements, women's movements and peace movements developed both in America and in Europe. These actions meant an explosive growth in the number of publications about social movements. Theory formation took a different course in Europe and in the U.S. While in the U.S. resource mobilization theory shifted attention from deprivation to the availability of resources in explanation of the rise of social movements, in Europe the “new social movement approach” emphasized the development of postindustrial society. Resource mobilisation and the new social movement approach are discussed. Both approaches are needed to arrive at a satisfactory explanation. The new social movement approach has concentrated on factors that determine mobilization potential, but does not give an answer to the question of how these potentials are mobilized, Resource mobilization theory does pay attention to the mobilization of resources, to the significance of recruitment networks, and to the costs and benefits of participation, but has no interest in the mobilization potentials from which a movement must draw in mobilization campaigns. Assumptions are formulated in explanation of the divergent development of the social movement literature on the two continents.
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Moore, Sian, and Ian Read. "Collective organisation in small- and medium-sized enterprises ? an application of mobilisation theory." Human Resource Management Journal 16, no. 4 (November 2006): 357–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2006.00025.x.
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Kelly, John. "Mobilisation and Class Struggle: A Reply to Gall." Historical Materialism 7, no. 1 (2000): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920600100414678.
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AbstractWhen I began writing Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves during the mid-1990s, die leadership of die British trade-union movement had already begun its romance with the class-collaborationist ideology of ‘social partnership’, successor to the ‘new realism’ of the 1980s. The Labour Party leadership was already moving to the right and was well on the road to consummating its marriage with neoliberalism, epitomised most starkly by Tony Blair's positive endorsement of two decades of Conservative anti-trade-union law. What remained of the world Communist movement was still reeling from the earth-shattering events of 1989. These developments exerted a growing influence amongst the intellectual community which studies ‘industrial relations’ (employment relations might now be a more appropriate term). Both in Britain and the US, the intellectual agenda shifted towards labour flexibility and competitiveness, variously represented in the literature as the study of labour-management ‘co-operation’, ‘social partnership’ or ‘human resource management1. Rethinking Industrial Relations was a re-assertion of the continuing relevance of Marxist theory at a time when it had become distinctly unfashionable, and it is fitting that the extended review in a recent issue of this journal should have been written by another Marxist active in the field of industrial relations.
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Darlington, Ralph. "The leadership component of Kelly’s mobilisation theory: Contribution, tensions, limitations and further development." Economic and Industrial Democracy 39, no. 4 (August 2, 2018): 617–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x18777609.
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This reassessment of Kelly’s analysis of the relationship of activist leadership to collective action within the overall jigsaw of mobilisation theory draws on social movement literature, studies by industrial relations scholars utilising aspects of Kelly’s approach – including this author’s own work – and related research on union leadership within collective mobilisation. In the process, it identifies and celebrates how Kelly’s work, whilst contributing a distinct and substantive actor-related approach, recognised that leadership is one ingredient amongst other factors, including important structural opportunities and constraints. It considers three potential ambiguities/tensions within Kelly’s conceptualisation of leadership related to the social construction of workers’ interests, spontaneity of workers’ action and the ‘leader/follower’ interplay. The review also identifies two important limitations, related to the union member/bureaucracy dynamic and the role of left-wing political leadership, and concludes by signalling different forms of leadership relationships on which further refinement and development would be fruitful.
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Mkhize, Themba Ralph, and Mogamat Noor Davids. "Towards a Digital Resource Mobilisation Approach for Digital Inclusion During COVID-19 and Beyond: A Case of a Township School in South Africa." Educational Research for Social Change 10, no. 2 (September 12, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2221-4070/2021/v10i2a2.
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COVID-19 is affecting the functioning of most countries globally, creating a situation now described as the “new normal”—a time of unexpected educational change. The national lockdown, accompanied by the closure of educational institutions, brought economic hardship and deepened the digital divide between the rich and the poor. Educational institutions capable of transitioning to an online mode of delivery made that shift, while the majority of South Africa’s schools remained excluded due to poverty and lack of technological infrastructure. The educational sector is at wits’ end to find strategies to curtail the growing digital divide. This paper offers a digital resource mobilisation approach as framework to keep schools on the path to achieving the National Development Plan’s aim of ICT capacitation. To consider developmental possibilities and respond to the digital exclusion of township schools, we asked the question: “What are the online teaching and learning experiences of school stakeholders?” Responses to this question assisted development of a digital resource mobilisation theory that is offered as a viable approach to digital inclusion and social change. Data were collected by telephonic interviews with three teachers, three learners, three school governing body parents, and one school principal. Based on the findings, recommendations for digital inclusion are suggested.
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Lawrence, Sandra A. "An integrative model of perceived available support, work–family conflict and support mobilisation." Journal of Management & Organization 12, no. 2 (September 2006): 160–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2006.12.2.160.
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ABSTRACTWork–family conflict is impacting on increasingly larger numbers of employees. It is therefore important to identify ways in which the negative effects of this stressor can be ameliorated. In this paper an integrative model of perceived available support, work–family conflict and support mobilisation is developed to explore how perceptions of support availability can help employees to cope with work–family conflict. This model is an explicit reflection of the theory of stress-buffering during secondary appraisal, and extends existing theory by incorporating the principles of both the stress-matching and source of support frameworks. The theoretical model enables a more comprehensive examination of the conditions under which stress-buffering is effective in countering the demands of work–family conflict. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Feldman, Guy. "Making the Connection Between Theories of Policy Change and Policy Practice: A New Conceptualization." British Journal of Social Work 50, no. 4 (June 24, 2019): 1089–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz081.
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Abstract Over the past few decades, powerful economic, political and cultural forces have restructured the welfare state and social work practice. In response, there have been calls in recent years for the re-politicisation of the social work profession. One of the main ways in which social work has been re-politicised is through the emphasis on social workers’ involvement in the policy arena, commonly referred to as ‘policy practice’ in the literature. Although policy practice has recently received close attention in social work debates, it has remained relatively under-theorised. This article introduces social work scholars and practitioners to the theoretical work on policy change and elaborates its implications for how social workers can influence policy. Drawing on diverse literatures from the fields of political science and sociology, the article circumscribes to four influential theories of policy change that provide support for informed action in the policy arena: neo-institutional theory, elite theory, resource mobilisation theory and interdependent power theory. Drawing on these theories, the article develops a conceptualisation of four different types of policy practice: institutional policy practice, elite policy practice, resource-based policy practice and radical policy practice.
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Lim, Youngseop, and Dong Jin Kim. "Mobilising Social Movement for Peace." International Journal of Asian Christianity 4, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25424246-04020007.
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Abstract Informed by the resource mobilisation theory, this article conducts a case study on Christianity in Korea, in order to explore the nexus between religion and social movements, and how this nexus could contribute to peace, rather than violence. Given its geopolitical dimensions, involving nuclear weapons and the legacy of the Cold War, the role of religion in the Korean conflict has been under-researched. Nonetheless, Christianity has influenced the Korean conflict, with its association with anticommunism, as well as with peace movements. This article argues that Christian ecumenical organisations in the context of the Korean conflict utilised their social resources for peace and reconciliation, when they rediscovered the just peace tradition in Christianity. This article contributes to theoretical and practical discussions surrounding religion, war, and peace, by conceptualising just peace in the Christian tradition, and by adding empirical substance to the nexus between ecumenism and social movement for just peace.
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Tassinari, Arianna, and Vincenzo Maccarrone. "Riders on the Storm: Workplace Solidarity among Gig Economy Couriers in Italy and the UK." Work, Employment and Society 34, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019862954.
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In light of the individualisation, dispersal and pervasive monitoring that characterise work in the ‘gig economy’, the development of solidarity among gig workers could be expected to be unlikely. However, numerous recent episodes of gig workers’ mobilisation require reconsideration of these assumptions. This article contributes to the debate about potentials and obstacles for solidarity in the changing world of work by showing the processes through which workplace solidarity among gig workers developed in two cases of mobilisation of food delivery platform couriers in the UK and Italy. Through the framework of labour process theory, the article identifies the sources of antagonism in the app-mediated model of work organisation and the factors that facilitated and hindered the consolidation of active solidarity and the emergence of collective action among gig workers. The article emphasises the centrality of workers’ agential practices in overcoming constraints to solidarity and collective action, and the diversity of forms through which solidarity can be expressed in hostile work contexts.
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Nayak, Akhaya Kumar, and Binay Kumar Pattnaik. "SHG s and SHG Banking in Odisha." Asian Journal of Social Science 47, no. 1 (March 12, 2019): 110–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04701006.
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Abstract The SHG-based micro-finance programme for income generation and empowerment is extremely popular and has a wide reach in India. SHG s have been playing a key mediating role to empower a socially, economically, and politically deprived section comprising mostly women. Scholars have investigated the phenomenon of SHG, but largely from development perspectives. The present paper is an earnest and novel attempt to examine the evolution and development of the phenomenon of SHG in the eastern Indian state of Odisha from the social movement perspective. Based on both secondary and primary data, it discusses whether the phenomenon is a social movement at all and examines the applicability of resource mobilisation theory to study it.
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Wilson, Goddey. "Environmental Factors and Human Resource Management in Local Government Administration in Nigeria." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 20, no. 2 (March 17, 2020): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v20i2.7.
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Human resource management is the mobilisation of available human resource in the organization to achieve the organizational goals. Human resource management activities are not devoid of challenges in any organization, including Local Government Councils in Nigeria; hence, this study identified such challenges as environmental factors and classified it as internal and external environmental factors affecting human resource management in Nigerian Local Governments. These factors were identified on account of the observed irregularities in human resource management policies and practice in the Local Government service. This study therefore aims at examining the environmental factors affecting human resource management in Nigerian local governments between 2010-2018. Data were collected from observations, interviews and documented facts on the subject matter, while system theory was used to explain the interdependence of the various departments and its effects on human resource management in the Councils. The study findings identified poor capacity building and orientation, activities of trade unions, administrative policies and politics, capacity of the Council leadership, among others as internal factors; and political, social, legal, physical, etc., as part of the external environmental factors affecting human resource management in Nigerian Local Governments. The study concluded that the internal and external factors have significant effects on the human resource management and productivity of the Local Governments in Nigeria. This study further made some recommendations on strategies to achieve effective human resource management in Nigerian Local Governments.
Keywords: Staff development, Local Government, environmental factors, human resource management, organizational productivity.
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Ikporukpo, Chris. "Climate Justice: Whose Justice?" Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 4 (April 16, 2022): 113–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.94.12051.
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The increasing literature on climate justice is indicative of the increasing severity and public awareness of the challenge of climate change and the need for action. Generally speaking, the extant literature emphasises climate justice activism during COPs, climate justice movements and their activities, and climate justice activism in specific geographical regions. A case study approach is typical and neglects the actions of non-climate justice movement actors. This approach does not make for generalization on climate justice action. This article analyses the emergence and propagation of climate justice from a global perspective taking into consideration state actors and non-state actors, including non-movement groups and individuals. Varied sources of data are used and the analysis is descriptive and perspective. Rawls’ theory of justice and the resource mobilisation theory provide the theoretical underpinning. State actors, which are commonly analysed as antithetically related to the climate justice movements, play sensitisation and awareness-creation roles through IPCC. Furthermore, State-actors through COP play critical roles negotiating for polluters pay and emission mitigation (net-zero) systems. Non-State actors, including non-formal groups and individuals, have been particularly critical in the fight for climate justice. Their actions have been through songs and poems, pressured mobilisation through protests, strikes and sloganeering, and litigation. Several challenges hinder the enthronement of climate justice. A successful enthronement of climate justice necessitates cooperation between State and non-State actors; which is the basis of the Marrakech Initiative of 2016.
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Bithymitris, Giorgos. "Union militancy during economic hardship." Employee Relations 38, no. 3 (April 4, 2016): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-11-2014-0132.
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Purpose – This paper examines the preconditions of the strike at the Greek steel company Hellenic Halyvourgia (HH) which started on 1 November 2011 and ended on 28 July 2012. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of current labour disputes in the context of economic crisis focusing on previous developments of mobilisation theory and social movement literature. The overall aim is to highlight the linkages between trade unions and society when a broader sense of injustice comes to the fore. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative methods were employed in order to contextualise the strike events and examine the preconditions of the occurrence and the volume of the strike. Semistructured interviews, field notes, interviews taken by the media, documentaries, chronicles and articles, constructed the main body of empirical material. Findings – The HH case indicates that certain collective identities and leadership qualities account for high mobilisation potential with spillover effects which are in turn conditioned upon the situation of the strikers’ allies. Although there was an agency to transform the sense of injustice into collective action, the framing processes employed by the union did not have the kind of impact that would render state and management’s responses ineffective, as the strike message did not eventually penetrate other industries or even the rest factories of the HH. Originality/value – The present paper goes beyond the general description of the social turmoil during the Greek crisis by showing the critical bonds that were established through framing and identity-building processes among the strikers and the anti-austerity protesters in Greece and abroad.
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Vickers, David Andrew, Alice Moore, and Louise Vickers. "Performative narrative and actor-network theory – a study of a hotel in administration." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 26, no. 5 (November 5, 2018): 972–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-03-2018-1385.
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Purpose This study aims to weave together narrative analysis (hereinafter NA) and Actor-Network Theory (hereinafter ANT), in order to address recent calls for performative studies to combine approaches and specifically to use ANT. Particularly, they address how a conflicting narrative is mobilised through a network of internal–external and human–nonhuman actors. Design/methodology/approach A fragment of data, generated from a longitudinal case study, is explored using NA and ANT in combination. Findings By engaging with ANT’s rejection of dualisms (i.e. human–nonhuman and micro–macro) and its approach to relationality, the authors inform NA and performative studies. They also add to the limited literature addressing how conflicting antenarratives are mobilised and shape the organisation’s trajectory. Research limitations/implications Generalizing from a single case study is problematic, although transferability is possible. Generalisability could be achievable through multiple performative studies. Practical/implications By demonstrating how counter networks form and antenarrative is constructed to supplant hegemonic narrative, the authors are able to problematise the taken for granted and highlight the possibilities offered by divergent voices. Originality/value The performation provides a deeper understanding of organisational performance through our NA-ANT combination, and the authors provide insight into the mobilisation of conflicting narratives in organisation studies.
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Rycroft-Malone, Jo, Christopher Burton, Joyce Wilkinson, Gill Harvey, Brendan McCormack, Richard Baker, Sue Dopson, et al. "Collective action for knowledge mobilisation: a realist evaluation of the Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care." Health Services and Delivery Research 3, no. 44 (December 2015): 1–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr03440.
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BackgroundThe establishment of the Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRCs) was the culmination of a number of policy initiatives to bridge the gap between evidence and practice. CLAHRCs were created and funded to facilitate development of partnerships and connect the worlds of academia and practice in an effort to improve patient outcomes through the conduct and application of applied health research.ObjectivesOur starting point was to test the theory that bringing higher education institutions and health-care organisations closer together catalyses knowledge mobilisation. The overall purpose was to develop explanatory theory regarding implementation through CLAHRCs and answer the question ‘what works, for whom, why and in what circumstances?’. The study objectives focused on identifying and tracking implementation mechanisms and processes over time; determining what influences whether or not and how research is used in CLAHRCs; investigating the role played by boundary objects in the success or failure of implementation; and determining whether or not and how CLAHRCs develop and sustain interactions and communities of practice.MethodsThis study was a longitudinal realist evaluation using multiple qualitative case studies, incorporating stakeholder engagement and formative feedback. Three CLAHRCs were studied in depth over four rounds of data collection through a process of hypothesis generation, refining, testing and programme theory specification. Data collection included interviews, observation, documents, feedback sessions and an interpretive forum.FindingsKnowledge mobilisation in CLAHRCs was a function of a number of interconnected issues that provided more or less conducive conditions for collective action. The potential of CLAHRCs to close the metaphorical ‘know–do’ gap was dependent on historical regional relationships, their approach to engaging different communities, their architectures, what priorities were set and how, and providing additional resources for implementation, including investment in roles and activities to bridge and broker boundaries. Additionally, we observed a balance towards conducting research rather than implementing it. Key mechanisms of interpretations of collaborative action, opportunities for connectivity, facilitation, motivation, review and reflection, and unlocking barriers/releasing potential were important to the processes and outcomes of CLAHRCs. These mechanisms operated in different contexts including stakeholders’ positioning, or ‘where they were coming from’, governance arrangements, availability of resources, competing drivers, receptiveness to learning and evaluation, and alignment of structures, positions and resources. Preceding conditions influenced the course and journey of the CLAHRCs in a path-dependent way. We observed them evolving over time and their development led to the accumulation of different types of impacts, from those that were conceptual to, later in their life cycle, those that were more direct.ConclusionsMost studies of implementation focus on researching one-off projects, so a strength of this study was in researching a systems approach to knowledge mobilisation over time. Although CLAHRC-like approaches show promise, realising their full potential will require a longer and more sustained focus on relationship building, resource allocation and, in some cases, culture change. This reinforces the point that research implementation within a CLAHRC model is a long-term investment and one that is set within a life cycle of organisational collaboration.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Ambarova, P. A., G. E. Zborovsky, and N. V. Shabrova. "“Old” and “New” Trust in Higher Education." Education and science journal 21, no. 1 (February 2, 2019): 9–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2019-1-9-36.
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Introduction. Today, the crisis of modern higher school and processes of its modernisation are followed by the crisis of institutional, inter-community and interpersonal trust, which has remained a fundamental basis of a high school system of vocational education for a very long time. The need to preserve trust as a fundamental basis and source of development of Russian higher education requires the study of its structural characteristics and understanding of the resource potential of trust by representatives of educational communities.The aim of the research was the sociological substantiation of actualisation in higher education of the old resource properties of trust and the emergence of new ones associated with the prospects of transition to a non-linear model of higher education.Methodology and research methods. The publication presents the results of theoretical and empirical sociological research, implemented with the use of theoretical positions and methodological principles of community and resource approaches, the theory of non-linear development of society. The empirical study was conducted using a mix strategy based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, expert interviews, semi-formalised interview, focus-groups, content analysis and the method of secondary analysis of sociological data.Results and scientific novelty. The authors’ interpretation of the phenomenon of “old” and “new” trust in Russian higher education is presented. The novelty of the authors’ approach was to consider the problem of higher education not only within the framework of “educational” problems, but also in the broad context of social and socio-cultural changes, meaning the transition to a “liquid” postmodern society. The mobilisation possibilities for the constructive resolution of contradictions existing at the levels of institutional and inter-community relations and interactions in universities are shown. Practical significance. The research results have a positive significance not only for enrichment of the theory of higher education and social knowledge of non-material resources of its development. They are important to design various academic practical experience oriented on the use of resource properties of trust with a view to developing the social and human capital of high school communities as well as to elaborate new social technologies for managing the processes of trust formation in the university.
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Liebenberg, Linda, Darlene Wall, Michele Wood, and Daphne Hutt-MacLeod. "Spaces & Places: Understanding Sense of Belonging and Cultural Engagement Among Indigenous Youth." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 18 (January 1, 2019): 160940691984054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406919840547.
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Indigenous youth continue to live with a socioeconomic and political legacy of colonization and marginalization, confronted by environments harmful to their psychosocial development. Resource strained communities may compound these experiences and outcomes for many youth. Increasingly, research points to the mitigating effects of resilience for youth exposed to contextual risks. Resilience is however dependent on both personal capacities and the availability of relevant resources within families, schools, and communities. Meaningful connection to community together with cultural continuity are important contributors to resilience. However, without critical examination of the conditions that support such youth engagement, attempts at fostering these connections may be largely unsuccessful. Spaces & Places explored the cultural continuity and civic engagement of Indigenous youth living in three communities of Atlantic Canada. Using an interactive, transactional theory of resilience, we explored how youth interact with community resources, and how these interactions impact connections with their community and culture. Participatory qualitative image-based methods were used to explore the availability of spaces and how they establish a sense of belonging to community and culture for youth. We used video capture of a day-in-the-life of participants with photo elicitation in reflective interviews, within a Participatory Action Research framework. Youth and community partners actively participated in the research process, including data analysis and knowledge mobilisation.
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Hammad, Suzanne, Alice Alunni, and Tamara Alkhas. "Reflections on the potential (and limits) of action research as ethos, methodology and practice: A case study of a women’s empowerment programme in the Middle East." Action Research 17, no. 2 (March 28, 2018): 162–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476750318759778.
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This paper argues that an evidence-based approach to advocacy led by and targeting women could amplify women’s positioning in the political and economic realms. Participatory Action Research is examined as a process for mobilisation, coalition-building and evidence-based advocacy and action, through a case study of a multi-country British Council supported programme that incorporated an action research approach. 1 Drawing from the experiences and perceptions of its participants, it offers reflective insights into the theory and practice of action research and its empowerment potential. The findings confirm a widespread support for the use of Participatory Action Research as a starting point for stronger advocacy work, showing its positive transformative effects on individuals, groups and coalition. Participatory Action Research contributes to evidence-based advocacy that is more relevant and inclusive, and arguably empowering for women advocates.
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Vershinina, Natalia, Kassa Woldesenbet Beta, and William Murithi. "How does national culture enable or constrain entrepreneurship? Exploring the role of Harambee in Kenya." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 25, no. 4 (August 13, 2018): 687–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-03-2017-0143.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise how various value dimensions of Harambee, the Kenyan culture, affect the fostering of entrepreneurial behaviours. Theoretically, we draw upon perspectives that view culture as a toolkit and use cultural variables provided by Hofstede to examine the links between national culture and entrepreneurial endeavours in an African context. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on review and synthesis of accessible secondary sources (published research, country-specific reports, policy documents, firm-level empirical evidences, etc.) on the topic and related areas to understand and advance research propositions on the link between enterprising efforts and national culture specific to the Kenyan context. Findings Several theoretical propositions are offered on themes of collective reliance, social responsibility, enterprising, resource mobilisation and political philanthropy to establish relationships, both positive and negative, between values of Harambee and entrepreneurial behaviours. Further, the study provides initial insights into how actors blend both collectivistic and emergent individualistic orientations and display collective identity in the process of mobilising resources and engaging in entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications The conceptual framework presented bears a considerable relevance to the advancing theory, policy and practice associated with the national culture and entrepreneurial behaviour in the African context and has potential to generate valuable insights. Originality/value This original study provides a springboard for studying the relationship between African cultural context and entrepreneurial behaviours.
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Haggart, Blayne. "Fair Copyright for Canada: Lessons for Online Social Movements from the First Canadian Facebook Uprising." Canadian Journal of Political Science 46, no. 4 (December 2013): 841–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423913000838.
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Abstract.Despite the growing importance of social media, their political effectiveness remains understudied. Drawing on and updating resource mobilization theory and political process theory, this article considers how social media make “political engagement more probable” and determine the success of online social movements. It does so by examining the mainstreaming of the Canadian “user rights” copyright movement, focusing on the Fair Copyright for Canada Facebook page, created in December 2007. This decentralized, grassroots, social media-focused action—the first successful campaign of its kind in Canada and one of the first in the world—changed the terms of the Canadian copyright debate and legitimized Canadian user rights. As this case demonstrates, social media have changed the type and quantity of resources needed to create and sustain social movements, creating openings for new groups and interests. Their success, however, remains dependent on the political context within which they operate.Résumé.Malgré l'importance croissante des médias sociaux, leur efficacité politique est encore peu étudiée. En s'appuyant sur et en mettant á jour la théorie de la mobilisation des ressources et la théorie du processus politique, cet article examine comment les médias sociaux rendent « l'engagement politique plus probable » (Jensen et al., 2012 : 16) et détermine la réussite des mouvements sociaux en ligne. Il le fait en examinant l'intégration du mouvement canadien de « droits d'utilisateur » dans le débat sur les droits d'auteur et en se concentrant sur la page FacebookFair Copyright for Canada, créée en décembre 2007. Cet action décentralisée populaire, axée sur les médias sociaux—la première campagne réussie de son genre au Canada et l'une des premières du monde—a changé les termes du débat sur les droits d'auteur canadiens et a légitimé les droits d'utilisateur canadiens. Cette affaire montre que les médias sociaux ont changé le type et la quantité des ressources nécessaires pour créer et maintenir les mouvements sociaux, et qu'ils ont crée, par la suite, des ouvertures pour des nouveaux groupes et intérêts. Leur succès reste cependant dépendant du contexte politique dans lequel elles opèrent.
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Caltekin, Demet Asli. "Women’s Organisations’ Role in (Re)Constructing the Narratives in Femicide Cases: Şule Çet’s Case." Laws 11, no. 1 (February 7, 2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws11010012.
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In 2020, men in Turkey murdered 300 women, and 171 women were found suspiciously dead. The dominant narrative around suspicious death cases involves a faulty assumption that women are prone to committing suicide. Women’s organisations and cause lawyers unite against all kinds of violence to challenge this dominant narrative, which grants impunity to perpetrators. Drawing on resource mobilisation theory, this article investigates how women’s organisations become involved in femicide and suspicious death cases to articulate counter-narratives and advance women’s access to justice. It focuses on Şule Çet’s case, which raised intense public reactions due to the lack of procedural fairness at the investigation stage. It relies on semi-structured interviews with Şule’s lawyer and the members of the We Will Stop Femicide Platform (Kadın Cinayetlerini Durduracağız Platformu) and the Gelincik Centre (Gelincik Merkezi) to illustrate how women’s organisations made Şule’s story visible and countered the dominant narrative surrounding suspicious death cases. The findings illustrate that women’s organisations’ ongoing struggle to encourage courts to hear women’s stories demands co-operation between different social and legal mechanisms. It includes a combination of several strategies, such as following femicide cases and forming public opinion through social media. The article concludes by arguing that women’s organisations’ use of counter-narratives transforms femicide cases from being only a statistic to a public cause, contributing to women’s struggle in accessing justice.
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Gall, Gregor. "The uses, abuses and non-uses of Rethinking Industrial Relations in understanding industrial relations and organised labour." Economic and Industrial Democracy 39, no. 4 (June 4, 2018): 681–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x18777618.
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Kelly published what should, it is argued, have become a seminal work with Rethinking Industrial Relations. The influence of Rethinking Industrial Relations, it was to be hoped, would be a field of study that was intellectually not only more capable of dealing with the challenge of HRM and neoliberalism but also capable of being of utility to organised labour in understanding its current plight and future path to renewal and re-assertion. Instead, Rethinking Industrial Relations has been largely incorporated into the existing state of academic-cum-intellectual consciousness whereby it has been primarily used to support an already extant trajectory of limited depth and breadth of enquiry and analysis. Therefore, this article examines what it terms the uses, abuses and non-uses of Rethinking Industrial Relations, especially in regard of mobilisation theory, in understanding organised labour. It first examines the citations of Rethinking Industrial Relations as a primary guide to its usage before proceeding to quantify and qualify its usage in journals. From here, it then seeks to explain these findings by discussing the temporal environment into which Rethinking Industrial Relations was published.
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Hardman, Ruth, Stephen Begg, and Evelien Spelten. "Multimorbidity and its effect on perceived burden, capacity and the ability to self-manage in a low-income rural primary care population: A qualitative study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): e0255802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255802.
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Introduction Multimorbidity is increasing in prevalence, especially in low-income settings. Despite this, chronic conditions are often managed in isolation, potentially leading to burden-capacity imbalance and reduced treatment adherence. We aimed to explore, in a low-income population with common comorbidities, how the specific demands of multimorbidity affect burden and capacity as defined by the Cumulative Complexity Model. Materials and methods Qualitative interviews with thirteen rural community health centre patients in Victoria, Australia. Participants were aged between 47–72 years and reported 3–10 chronic conditions. We asked about perceived capacity and burden in managing health. The Theory of Patient Capacity was used to analyse capacity and Normalisation Process Theory to analyse burden. All data specifically associated with the experience of multimorbidity was extracted from each burden and capacity domain. Results The capacity domains of biography, resource mobilisation and work realisation were important in relation to multimorbidity. Conditions causing functional impairment (e.g. chronic pain, depression) interacted with physical, psychological and financial capacity, leading to biographical disruption and an inability to realise treatment and life work. Despite this, few people had a treatment plan for these conditions. Participants reported that multimorbidity affected all burden domains. Coherence and appraisal were especially challenging due to condition interactions, with clinicians providing little guidance. Discussion The capacity and burden deficits highlighted by participants were not associated with any specific diagnosis, but were due to condition interactions, coupled with the lack of health provider support to navigate interactions. Physical, psychological and financial capacities were inseparable, but rarely addressed or understood holistically. Understanding and managing condition and treatment interactions was a key burden task for patients but was often difficult, isolating and overwhelming. This suggests that clinicians should become more aware of linkages between conditions, and include generic, synergistic or cross-disciplinary approaches, to build capacity, reduce burden and encourage integrated chronic condition management.
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Mogotsi, Keratiloe, Bhekinkosi Moyo, and Angie Urban. "Southern Africa Trust: embarking on a sustainability journey." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-07-2022-0231.
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Learning outcomes The learning outcomes focus on enabling students to view operational model changes critically, as they pertain to: ■ evaluating different management styles and uses of the ADKAR change management model in decision-making moments in times of crisis (such as COVID-19) in non-profit organisations (NPOs); ■ evaluating different ways in which NPOs pivot to sustainability, including the use of social enterprise models and change management; ■ anticipating and managing change in institutional formations through new technologies; ■ articulating trade-offs between grant and non-grant resource mobilisation for African philanthropy; and ■ application of change management theory to organisations’ sustainability journeys. Case overview/synopsis In May 2020, working from her home office just over one month into a nationwide lockdown because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Masego Madzwamuse, chief executive officer (CEO) of the Southern Africa Trust (the Trust), knew that it could once again be at a crossroads. In 2015, the Trust had found itself in a quandary when its primary donor gave notification of its intention to withdraw its funding. The Trust had responded by making changes to its structure and strategy. Now, with uncertainty rife throughout South Africa, the CEO knew that she had to consider whether the changes that had been implemented over the past five years had prepared the Trust not only to respond to, but also to survive the pandemic and continue its vital work long into the future. Complexity academic level Postgraduate Diploma in Management, MBA, Masters in Management. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.
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Hadi, Noor Melissa Nor, and Jiann Lin Loo. "The Malaysian Northern Stars (supervision, training, and reflective system) project: a multi-facet ecosystem of producing local talents." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S148—S149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.417.
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AimsThe MRCPsych (Membership of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, United Kingdom) parallel training pathway has been introduced in Malaysia to produce competent psychiatrists to deliver evidence-based psychiatric care. Certain training centres faced specific challenges during the process of implementation, including the lacking of supervisors with experience in the MRCPsych examination, over-reliance on self-study and existing continuous medical education (CME), logistic difficulty in accessing specific training courses, the sustainability of local training, and loss of manpower due to frequent mobilisation of trainees. This article is aimed to illustrate the Northern STARS (Supervision, Training, and Reflective System) project, i.e. a project implemented as a solution for those challenges and an effort to develop a sustainable model of training for the local talents in Perlis, a northern state in Malaysia.MethodThe Northern STARS initiatives included: setting up a library with more MRCPsych-related materials; introducing trainees to virtual MRCPsych support groups; organizing both physical and virtual training locally, collaborating with local and international experts for consultation and teaching, and the introduction of protected study time. Virtual platforms were used innovatively to minimise cost. Ongoing data were collected for programme evaluation and quality improvement. Trainees were actively involved in the process to facilitate the development of leadership and administrative skills.ResultA total of seven courses covering both skill and theory training had been organised: Ultra-brief Psychological Intervention Workshop, Dialectic Behavioural Therapy workshop, Personality Disorder Workshop, Critical Appraisal Workshop, MRCPsych Lecture Series, Addiction Psychiatry Lecture, and Basic Revision Course on Electroconvulsive Therapy. An estimated amount of twenty thousand Malaysian Ringgit had been generated and channelled into the community mental health centre, accounting for the indirect cost of a subscription to ZoomTM and the intangible cost of labour effort. Overall feedback revealed a high level of satisfaction together with some specific suggestions on areas of improvement, including the timing of course and coverage of the curriculum. To date, six medical officers are pursuing this pathway with three of them passing one paper and another two pursuing the final part.ConclusionThe Northern STARS project is an ecosystem of training solutions while generating income and producing more local talents to expand this project further. More long-term evaluation from the perspective of human resource and health economics can be considered to understand the efficiency of the current initiative.
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Bencherif, Adib. "Les théories des mouvements sociaux et la dialectique des niveaux : un cadre d’analyse pour l’étude des évolutions d’Al-Qaïda au Maghreb islamique." Canadian Graduate Journal of Sociology and Criminology 2, no. 2 (October 4, 2013): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cgjsc.v2i2.3770.
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Les théories des mouvements sociaux sont de plus en plus utilisées pour étudier les groupesterroristes. Elles comportent différents niveaux d’analyse: les niveaux macro-analytique,méso-analytique et micro-analytique. Le présent article tente d’adapter ce corpusthéorique à l’étude du groupe jihadiste Al-Qaïda au Maghreb islamique (AQMI). En effet,au cours des dernières années, AQMI ne s’est pas développé au Maghreb alors que sesactivités ont augmenté exponentiellement dans la région sahélienne, au point d’ydévelopper un sanctuaire pour le groupe au nord du Mali. Le développement d’AQMI auSahel est-il alors le résultat de choix stratégiques ou celui de dynamiques internes ? Pourexpliquer le développement d’AQMI dans la région sahélo-saharienne, l’auteur proposeune grille de lecture basée sur les niveaux macro et méso-analytiques et sur leur mise endialectique. Le niveau macro-analytique met en lumière la structure des opportunitéspolitiques induisant les choix stratégiques d’AQMI et le niveau méso-analytique lesdynamiques internes du groupe. La littérature existante sur AQMI étant principalementconstituée de monographies et de notes de recherches, l’ambition de cet article est alorsde concilier théorie et recherche empirique. Ainsi le cadre d’analyse proposé est inspirédes approches de l’action collective et de la mobilisation des ressources et cherche àaméliorer la compréhension des évolutions du groupe. L’étude menée est une analysequalitative centrée sur les États algérien et malien.The theories of social movements are increasingly used to study terrorist groups and theyare characterized by three different levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro. This article attempts to adapt this theoretical framework to the study of the jihadist group al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). Indeed, in recent years, AQIM failed to develop in North Africa while its activities have increased exponentially in the Sahel region, to the point ofdeveloping a sanctuary for the group in northern Mali. Is the development of AQIM in the Sahel the result of strategic choices or internal dynamics? To explain the development of AQIM in the Sahel-Saharan region, the author proposes a reading grid based on the macroand meso levels of analysis and their dialectical implementation. The macro-level analysis highlights the political opportunities structure inducing AQIM strategic choices and the meso-level analysis focuses on internal dynamics of the group. Seeing as existing literatureon AQIM is mainly constituted of monographs and research notes, the intent of this paperis then to reconcile theory and empirical research. Thus, the proposed framework is inspired from collective action and resource mobilization approaches and seeks to improve the understanding of the evolution of the group. The study is a qualitative analysis focusingon the Algerian and Malian States.
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Rodés Paragarino, Virginia, and Adriana Gewerc. "Educational Innovation, Open Educational Resources, and Gender in Latin American Universities." Education Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci13010019.
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This article analyses the professional identities of nine women academics from different universities and Latin American countries in their relationship with open education (OE) and the production of open educational resources (OERs) for teaching, as a significant key to understand the meaning of being an academic today in a social and economic context such as the Latin American one, and the perspectives this contributes to educational innovation. It arises from the need to deepen research on systemic structures of empowerment for open-access creation and publication, where gender is critical, considering the imbalances that are evident in other fields of educational technology, and specifically in the use of OERs. A qualitative methodology based on grounded theory was implemented, together with the biographical method and digital ethnography, with in-depth interviews with nine women academics from different areas of knowledge from Venezuela, Costa Rica, and Uruguay. The results offer an insight into their professional identities and how this is configured in relation to education, open educational resources, and educational innovation in university teaching. Participation in the open education movement provides a space for empowerment and mobilisation, which contributes to a transformative identity, as an emerging habitus, that underpins educational innovation in this field.
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Kasper, Wolfgang E. "Human Progress — And Collapse?" Energy & Environment 16, no. 3-4 (July 2005): 441–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0958305054672303.
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Against the human experience of long-term stagnation and misery, the record of growing prosperity over the past two centuries, and in particular the last fifty years, is astounding. Economic growth owes much to the mobilisation of resources and structural flexibility, but this depends on the ‘software of economic development’ – institutions, which change slowly. Now, old fears and growth-impeding policies are being justified on environmental grounds. One example is Jared Diamond's recent book ‘Collapse’, which discusses the possibility of a swift descent of the world into social disintegration. To anyone familiar with long-term economic history and the theory of growth, the book is pure millennial pessimism. It could become self-fulfilling if environmentalist doomsayers win the political argument with the doers — the engineers, entrepreneurs and economists.
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Shidhaye, Rahul, Sanjay Shrivastava, Vaibhav Murhar, Sandesh Samudre, Shalini Ahuja, Rohit Ramaswamy, and Vikram Patel. "Development and piloting of a plan for integrating mental health in primary care in Sehore district, Madhya Pradesh, India." British Journal of Psychiatry 208, s56 (January 2016): s13—s20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.153700.
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BackgroundThe large treatment gap for mental disorders in India underlines the need for integration of mental health in primary care.AimsTo operationalise the delivery of the World Health Organization Mental Health Gap Action Plan interventions for priority mental disorders and to design an integrated mental healthcare plan (MHCP) comprising packages of care for primary healthcare in one district.MethodMixed methods were used including theory of change workshops, qualitative research to develop the MHCP and piloting of specific packages of care in a single facility.ResultsThe MHCP comprises three enabling packages: programme management, capacity building and community mobilisation; and four service delivery packages: awareness for mental disorders, identification, treatment and recovery. Challenges were encountered in training primary care workers to improve identification and treatment.ConclusionsThere are a number of challenges to integrating mental health into primary care, which can be addressed through the injection of new resources and collaborative care models.
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Baker, Phillip, Corinna Hawkes, Kate Wingrove, Alessandro Rhyl Demaio, Justin Parkhurst, Anne Marie Thow, and Helen Walls. "What drives political commitment for nutrition? A review and framework synthesis to inform the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 1 (February 2018): e000485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000485.
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IntroductionGenerating country-level political commitment will be critical to driving forward action throughout the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016–2025). In this review of the empirical nutrition policy literature, we ask: what factors generate, sustain and constrain political commitment for nutrition, how and under what circumstances? Our aim is to inform strategic ‘commitment-building’ actions.MethodWe adopted a framework synthesis method and realist review protocol. An initial framework was derived from relevant theory and then populated with empirical evidence to test and modify it. Five steps were undertaken: initial theoretical framework development; search for relevant empirical literature; study selection and quality appraisal; data extraction, analysis and synthesis and framework modification.Results75 studies were included. We identified 18 factors that drive commitment, organised into five categories: actors; institutions; political and societal contexts; knowledge, evidence and framing; and, capacities and resources. Irrespective of country-context, effective nutrition actor networks, strong leadership, civil society mobilisation, supportive political administrations, societal change and focusing events, cohesive and resonant framing, and robust data systems and available evidence were commitment drivers. Low-income and middle-income country studies also frequently reported international actors, empowered institutions, vertical coordination and capacities and resources. In upper-middle-income and high-income country studies, private sector interference frequently undermined commitment.ConclusionPolitical commitment is not something that simply exists or emerges accidentally; it can be created and strengthened over time through strategic action. Successfully generating commitment will likely require a core set of actions with some context-dependent adaptations. Ultimately, it will necessitate strategic actions by cohesive, resourced and strongly led nutrition actor networks that are responsive to the multifactorial, multilevel and dynamic political systems in which they operate and attempt to influence. Accelerating the formation and effectiveness of such networks over the Nutrition Decade should be a core task for all actors involved.
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Ghauri, Pervez, Misagh Tasavori, and Reza Zaefarian. "Internationalisation of service firms through corporate social entrepreneurship and networking." International Marketing Review 31, no. 6 (November 10, 2014): 576–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-09-2013-0196.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how employing corporate social entrepreneurship and developing a network of relationships with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) can support and contribute towards the internationalisation of service firms into the base of the pyramid (BOP) markets in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach – This research adopts an exploratory approach employing qualitative multiple case studies. Three service firms that have targeted the BOP markets in India were studied. In total, 25 in-depth interviews were conducted with multinational corporations (MNCs) and their NGO partners. Data analysis was facilitated through pattern matching and systematic case comparison. Findings – The findings reveal that, by engaging in social entrepreneurship, these MNCs have focused on the neglected needs of the BOP population, developed sustainable solutions and empowerment, and started with social value creation and postponed value capturing. The pursuit of corporate social entrepreneurship has paved the way for them to establish relationships with NGOs. While the MNCs have mainly had the technical knowledge and financial resources required, collaboration with NGOs have allowed them to learn about the BOP’s specific needs and benefit from the NGOs’ knowledge, human resources and good relationships in this market. Originality/value – This research unravels how service firms can seize opportunities at the BOP. The authors build on social entrepreneurship theory and bring new insights to the field of international business. In addition, the authors broaden the network view and show how networking with social actors such as NGOs enables the mobilisation of resources, actors and activities in emerging markets.
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Żur, Agnieszka. "Two Heads Are Better Than One—Entrepreneurial Continuous Learning through Massive Open Online Courses." Education Sciences 10, no. 3 (March 7, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci10030062.
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Globalisation and digital technology have changed the means and mechanisms of knowledge acquisition. The rapidly expanding open-access online resources and various digital learning platforms present new opportunities in the area of continuous entrepreneurial learning, including that of corporate employees. This paper draws on knowledge spillover theory in order to explore the potential of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) as enablers of knowledge exchange, consolidation and new knowledge creation through connecting geographically and institutionally distant actors. The research design is based on a qualitative interpretative approach exploiting a triangulation of methods by using sets of quantitative data collected from MOOC participants, five focus group interviews and text content of online course discussion groups. This study contributes to our understanding of how digital technologies enable entrepreneurial learning on a massive scale. It identifies three factors which can trigger intense horizontal knowledge spillovers on a massive scale: (i) participants’ common interests and aspirations, (ii) induced mobilisation, and (iii) participants’ optional anonymity. Additionally, the findings of this study provide useful information for potential MOOC creators regarding the design and delivery of MOOCs targeting a high density of participant interactions.
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Goh, Joseph N., and Thaatchaayini Kananatu. "Mak nyahs and the dismantling of dehumanisation: Framing empowerment strategies of Malaysian male-to-female transsexuals in the 2000s." Sexualities 22, no. 1-2 (January 30, 2018): 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460717740256.
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The unrelenting ill-treatment suffered by mak nyahs, or Malaysian pre-operative and post-operative male-to-female transsexuals, indicates a steady process of dehumanisation that besieges mak nyahs in contemporary Malaysia. Nevertheless, the 2000s have seen a groundswell of strategies by mak nyahs to dismantle forces that seek to dehumanise them, and thus to embrace self-empowerment. By analysing online media resources, information from communication networks and legal cases pertaining to mak nyahs, we aim to explain the ways in which the strategies of mak nyahs and their allies to dismantle dehumanisation and empower themselves are framed and mobilised in Malaysia in the 2000s. To this end, we draw on a two-fold analytical framework that comprises David A Snow’s and Robert D Benford’s notion of collective action frames, and Michael W McCann’s legal mobilisation theory, in order to interpret our analysis. We argue that although mak nyahs have encountered dehumanising forces such as violence, pathologisation and reparative therapy, religious denunciations and moral policing, they have responded with diverse empowerment strategies that include the telling of personal stories, increasing public visibility, eliciting international recognition and support, forming alliances and organising collective action and legal recourse.
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Law, Rebecca-Jane, Joseph Langley, Beth Hall, Christopher Burton, Julia Hiscock, Lynne Williams, Val Morrison, et al. "‘Function First’: how to promote physical activity and physical function in people with long-term conditions managed in primary care? A study combining realist and co-design methods." BMJ Open 11, no. 7 (July 2021): e046751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046751.
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ObjectivesTo develop a taxonomy of interventions and a programme theory explaining how interventions improve physical activity and function in people with long-term conditions managed in primary care. To co-design a prototype intervention informed by the programme theory.DesignRealist synthesis combining evidence from a wide range of rich and relevant literature with stakeholder views. Resulting context, mechanism and outcome statements informed co-design and knowledge mobilisation workshops with stakeholders to develop a primary care service innovation.ResultsA taxonomy was produced, including 13 categories of physical activity interventions for people with long-term conditions.Abridged realist programme theoryRoutinely addressing physical activity within consultations is dependent on a reinforcing practice culture, and targeted resources, with better coordination, will generate more opportunities to address low physical activity. The adaptation of physical activity promotion to individual needs and preferences of people with long-term conditions helps affect positive patient behaviour change. Training can improve knowledge, confidence and capability of practice staff to better promote physical activity. Engagement in any physical activity promotion programme will depend on the degree to which it makes sense to patients and professions, and is seen as trustworthy.Co-designThe programme theory informed the co-design of a prototype intervention to: improve physical literacy among practice staff; describe/develop the role of a physical activity advisor who can encourage the use of local opportunities to be more active; and provide materials to support behaviour change.ConclusionsPrevious physical activity interventions in primary care have had limited effect. This may be because they have only partially addressed factors emerging in our programme theory. The co-designed prototype intervention aims to address all elements of this emergent theory, but needs further development and consideration alongside current schemes and contexts (including implications relevant to COVID-19), and testing in a future study. The integration of realist and co-design methods strengthened this study.
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Putri, Tesa Amyata, Bintarsih Sekarningrum, and Muhammad Fedryansyah. "Gerakan Sosial dan Mobilisasi Sumber Daya dalam Memperjuangkan Pengakuan Kepercayaan Berbeda." Jurnal Socius: Journal of Sociology Research and Education 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/scs.v9i1.381.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gerakan sosial yang dilakukan oleh organisasi Aliran Kebatinan Perjalanan (AKP), dalam memperjuangkan pengakuan keyakinan mereka di Indonesia. Masalah ini menarik karena, Mahkamah Konstitusi saat ini telah memberikan layanan kependudukan dan pencatatan sipil pada para penghayat kepercayaan untuk mengisi kolom agama sesuai dengan keyakinan dan kepercayaannya sesuai yang diatur di dalam Surat Keputusan MK No. 97/PUU-XIV/2016. Hal ini merupakan bukti dari keberhasilan kelompok aliran kepercayaan memperjuangkan keyakinannya dan melepaskan diri dari 6 agama yang dipaksakan oleh negara. Salah satu organisasi aliran kepercayaan yang aktif memperjuangkan hak beragama dan keyakinannya adalah organisasi Aliran Kebatinan Perjalanan yang ada di Kota Bandung. Perjuangan dan keberhasilan tersebut memperlihatkan adanya gerakan sosial yang terorganisir agar tujuan yang diinginkan organisasi Aliran Kebatinan Perjalanan tercapai. Artikel ini menganalisis hal tersebut dengan menggunakan Teori mobilisasi sumber daya (Resources Mobilisation Theory) Anthony Oberschall sebagai pisau analisis dalam artikel ini. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan Teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan organisasi AKP merupakan wujud dari gerakan sosial. Sedangkan keberhasilan organisasi AKP ditentukan dari pemaksimalan berbagai sumber daya organisasi AKP baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Salah satu faktor terbesar dari keberhasilan gerakan sosial AKP adalah kemampuan dalam memobilisasi sumber daya dengan baik dan pemanfaatan peluang politik yang dilakukan oleh organisasi ini
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Okoye, Peter Uchenna, Kevin Chuks Okolie, and Chukwuemeka Ngwu. "Multilevel Safety Intervention Implementation Strategies for Nigeria Construction Industry." Journal of Construction Engineering 2017 (April 10, 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8496258.
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This study was aimed at examining the relationships between the effectiveness of safety intervention programmes and implementation strategies in the Nigeria construction industry. Structured questionnaires were distributed to construction stakeholders across some selected states in Nigeria and the data generated were analysed using Pearson’s product moment correlation. The study found that the effectiveness of safety intervention programmes for construction site accidents prevention is significantly related to the communication implementation strategies. Based on the principles of social ecological theory and UNICEF’s communication for development strategies, this study developed a multilevel safety intervention implementation strategy for construction industries in Nigeria. Four communication strategies, namely, advocacy, social mobilisation, social change communication, and behaviour change communication, which are central to the effectiveness of safety intervention implementation programmes for construction site accidents prevention, were identified. It further revealed that these communication strategies could be individually and collectively applied at different intervention levels but that the greatest effect would be felt when all strategies are systematically combined with more efficient use of resources. The study recommended systematic actions by policy makers, construction organisations, and various community groups towards construction safety interventions, since maximum effect could only be felt when safety interventions are implemented across all levels.
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Deakin, Simon, and Gaofeng Meng. "The Governance of Covid-19: Anthropogenic Risk, Evolutionary Learning, and the Future of the Social State." Industrial Law Journal 49, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 539–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/indlaw/dwaa027.
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Abstract We consider the implications of the Covid-19 crisis for the theory and practice of governance. We define ‘governance’ as the process through which, in the case of a given entity or polity, resources are allocated, decisions made and policies implemented, with a view to ensuring the effectiveness of its operations in the face of risks in its environment. Core to this, we argue, is the organisation of knowledge through public institutions, including the legal system. Covid-19 poses a particular type of ‘Anthropogenic’ risk, which arises when organised human activity triggers feedback effects from the natural environment. As such it requires the concerted mobilisation of knowledge and a directed response from governments and international agencies. In this context, neoliberal theories and practices, which emphasise the self-adjusting properties of systems of governance in response to external shocks, are going to be put to the test. In states’ varied responses to Covid-19 to date, it is already possible to observe some trends. One of them is the widespread mischaracterisation of the measures taken to address the epidemic at the point of its emergence in the Chinese city of Wuhan in January and February 2020. Public health measures of this kind, rather than constituting a ‘state of exception’ in which legality is set aside, are informed by practices which originated in the welfare or social states of industrialised countries, and which were successful in achieving a ‘mortality revolution’ in the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Relearning this history would seem to be essential for the future control of pandemics and other Anthropogenic risks.
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Law, Rebecca-Jane, Joseph Langley, Beth Hall, Christopher Burton, Julia Hiscock, Lynne Williams, Val Morrison, et al. "Promoting physical activity and physical function in people with long-term conditions in primary care: the Function First realist synthesis with co-design." Health Services and Delivery Research 9, no. 16 (September 2021): 1–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr09160.
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Background As people age and accumulate long-term conditions, their physical activity and physical function declines, resulting in disability and loss of independence. Primary care is well placed to empower individuals and communities to reduce this decline; however, the best approach is uncertain. Objectives To develop a programme theory to explain the mechanisms through which interventions improve physical activity and physical function in people with long-term conditions in different primary care contexts, and to co-design a prototype intervention. Data sources Systematic literature searches of relevant databases with forwards and backwards citation tracking, grey literature searches and further purposive searches were conducted. Qualitative data were collected through workshops and interviews. Design Realist evidence synthesis and co-design for primary care service innovation. Setting Primary care in Wales and England. Participants Stakeholders included people with long-term conditions, primary care professionals, people working in relevant community roles and researchers. Methods The realist evidence synthesis combined evidence from varied sources of literature with the views, experiences and ideas of stakeholders. The resulting context, mechanism and outcome statements informed three co-design workshops and a knowledge mobilisation workshop for primary care service innovation. Results Five context, mechanism and outcome statements were developed. (1) Improving physical activity and function is not prioritised in primary care (context). If the practice team culture is aligned to the elements of physical literacy (mechanism), then physical activity promotion will become routine and embedded in usual care (outcome). (2) Physical activity promotion is inconsistent and unco-ordinated (context). If specific resources are allocated to physical activity promotion (in combination with a supportive practice culture) (mechanism), then this will improve opportunities to change behaviour (outcome). (3) People with long-term conditions have varying levels of physical function and physical activity, varying attitudes to physical activity and differing access to local resources that enable physical activity (context). If physical activity promotion is adapted to individual needs, preferences and local resources (mechanism), then this will facilitate a sustained improvement in physical activity (outcome). (4) Many primary care practice staff lack the knowledge and confidence to promote physical activity (context). If staff develop an improved sense of capability through education and training (mechanism), then they will increase their engagement with physical activity promotion (outcome). (5) If a programme is credible with patients and professionals (context), then trust and confidence in the programme will develop (mechanism) and more patients and professionals will engage with the programme (outcome). A prototype multicomponent intervention was developed. This consisted of resources to nurture a culture of physical literacy, materials to develop the role of a credible professional who can promote physical activity using a directory of local opportunities and resources to assist with individual behaviour change. Limitations Realist synthesis and co-design is about what works in which contexts, so these resources and practice implications will need to be modified for different primary care contexts. Conclusions We developed a programme theory to explain how physical activity could be promoted in primary care in people with long-term conditions, which informed a prototype intervention. Future work A future research programme could further develop the prototype multicomponent intervention and assess its acceptability in practice alongside existing schemes before it is tested in a feasibility study to inform a future randomised controlled trial. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42018103027. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Services and Delivery Research programme and will be published in full in Health Services and Delivery Research; Vol. 9, No. 16. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Zubair, Maria, Neil H. Chadborn, John R. F. Gladman, Tom Dening, Adam L. Gordon, and Claire Goodman. "Using comprehensive geriatric assessment for quality improvements in healthcare of older people in UK care homes: protocol for realist review within Proactive Healthcare of Older People in Care Homes (PEACH) study." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e017270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017270.
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IntroductionCare home residents are relatively high users of healthcare resources and may have complex needs. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) may benefit care home residents and improve efficiency of care delivery. This is an approach to care in which there is a thorough multidisciplinary assessment (physical and mental health, functioning and physical and social environments) and a care plan based on this assessment, usually delivered by a multidisciplinary team. The CGA process is known to improve outcomes for community-dwelling older people and those in receipt of hospital care, but less is known about its efficacy in care home residents.Methods and analysisRealist review was selected as the most appropriate method to explore the complex nature of the care home setting and multidisciplinary delivery of care. The aim of the realist review is to identify and characterise a programme theory that underpins the CGA intervention. The realist review will extract data from research articles which describe the causal mechanisms through which the practice of CGA generates outcomes. The focus of the intervention is care homes, and the outcomes of interest are health-related quality of life and satisfaction with services; for both residents and staff. Further outcomes may include appropriate use of National Health Service services and resources of older care home residents. The review will proceed through three stages: (1) identifying the candidate programme theories that underpin CGA through interviews with key stakeholders, systematic search of the peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed evidence, (2) identifying the evidence relevant to CGA in UK care homes and refining the programme theories through refining and iterating the systematic search, lateral searches and seeking further information from study authors and (3) analysis and synthesis of evidence, involving the testing of the programme theories.Ethics and disseminationThe PEACH project was identified as service development following submission to the UK Health Research Authority and subsequent review by the University of Nottingham Research Ethics Committee. The study protocols have been reviewed as part of good governance by the Nottinghamshire Healthcare Foundation Trust. We aim to publish this realist review in a peer-reviewed journal with international readership. We will disseminate findings to public and stakeholders using knowledge mobilisation techniques. Stakeholders will include the Quality Improvement Collaboratives within PEACH study. National networks, such as British Society of Gerontology and National Care Association will be approached for wider dissemination.Trial registration numberThe realist review has been registered on International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO 2017: CRD42017062601).
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Santamarina Campos, Beatriz. "Movimientos sociales: una revisión teórica y nuevas aproximaciones." Boletín de Antropología 22, no. 39 (September 6, 2010): 112–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.boan.6702.
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Resumen. En este artículo realizamos una aproximación a diferentes paradigmas que se han ocupado del análisis de los movimientos sociales. Diferenciamos, grosso modo, cuatro etapas: en la primera, los estudios sobre los movimientos sociales se identifican, fundamentalmente, con el movimientoobrero. La segunda etapa se inicia con las revueltas de 1968, y en ella se diferencian las contribuciones teóricas norteamericanas representadas por la teoría de la movilización de los recursos, y las europeas definidas por el llamado paradigma de los nuevos movimientos sociales. Situamos la tercera etapa a finales de los ochenta, y la caracterizamos por el acercamiento entre las interpretaciones de los dos continentes, que coincide con el aumento y diversidad de movimientos sociales y que posibilita eldesarrollo de nuevas metodologías (procesos de enmarcamiento, estructura de oportunidad política yredes). La última etapa corresponde a las contribuciones formuladas en los últimos años en el contexto de la globalización y del debate sobre la institucionalización y normalización tanto de los movimientos como de la teoría.Abstract. In this article we carry out a limited approach to the different paradigms that have beenapplied to the analysis of social movements. We establish a rough difference between four different stages. In the first stage, study of social movements was identified, basically, with the Workers’ Movement. The second stage begins with the 1968 demonstrations; in this stage we can clearly distinguish between the theoretical contribution of American researchers, represented by the theory of mobilisationof resources, and that of the Europeans, who were defined by the paradigm of the New Social Movements. The third stage begins at the end of the 1980s and its main characteristic is the narrowing gap between the interpretations on either side of the Atlantic, which comes at a time when social movementsare growing in number and diversity, and favours the development of new methodologies (processes of frameworks, structure of political opportunity and networks). The final stage takes in the contributions formulated in recent years, and that occur in the context of globalisation, and the debate surrounding the institutionalisation and the normalisation not only of movements but also of theory.
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Rushmer, Rosemary K., Mandy Cheetham, Lynda Cox, Ann Crosland, Joanne Gray, Liam Hughes, David J. Hunter, et al. "Research utilisation and knowledge mobilisation in the commissioning and joint planning of public health interventions to reduce alcohol-related harms: a qualitative case design using a cocreation approach." Health Services and Delivery Research 3, no. 33 (August 2015): 1–182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr03330.
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BackgroundConsiderable resources are spent on research to establish what works to improve the nation’s health. If the findings from this research are used, better health outcomes can follow, but we know that these findings are not always used. In public health, evidence of what works may not ‘fit’ everywhere, making it difficult to know what to do locally. Research suggests that evidence use is a social and dynamic process, not a simple application of research findings. It is unclear whether it is easier to get evidence used via a legal contracting process or within unified organisational arrangements with shared responsibilities.ObjectiveTo work in cocreation with research participants to investigate how research is utilised and knowledge mobilised in the commissioning and planning of public health services to reduce alcohol-related harms.Design, setting and participantsTwo in-depth, largely qualitative, cross-comparison case studies were undertaken to compare real-time research utilisation in commissioning across a purchaser–provider split (England) and in joint planning under unified organisational arrangements (Scotland) to reduce alcohol-related harms. Using an overarching realist approach and working in cocreation, case study partners (stakeholders in the process) picked the topic and helped to interpret the findings. In Scotland, the topic picked was licensing; in England, it was reducing maternal alcohol consumption.MethodsSixty-nine interviews, two focus groups, 14 observations of decision-making meetings, two local feedback workshops (n = 23 andn = 15) and one national workshop (n = 10) were undertaken. A questionnaire (n = 73) using a Behaviourally Anchored Rating Scale was issued to test the transferability of the 10 main findings. Given the small numbers, care must be taken in interpreting the findings.FindingsNot all practitioners have the time, skills or interest to work in cocreation, but when there was collaboration, much was learned. Evidence included professional and tacit knowledge, and anecdotes, as well as findings from rigorous research designs. It was difficult to identify evidence in use and decisions were sometimes progressed in informal ways and in places we did not get to see. There are few formal evidence entry points. Evidence (prevalence and trends in public health issues) enters the process and is embedded in strategic documents to set priorities, but local data were collected in both sites to provide actionable messages (sometimes replicating the evidence base).ConclusionsTwo mid-range theories explain the findings. If evidence hassaliency(relates to ‘here and now’ as opposed to ‘there and then’) andimmediacy(short, presented verbally or visually and with emotional appeal) it is more likely to be used in both settings. A second mid-range theory explains how differing tensions pull and compete as feasible and acceptable local solutions are pursued across stakeholders. Answering what works depends on answering for whom and where simultaneously to find workable (if temporary) ‘blends’. Gaining this agreement across stakeholders appeared more difficult across the purchaser–provider split, because opportunities to interact were curtailed; however, more research is needed.FundingThis study was funded by the Health Services and Delivery Research programme of the National Institute for Health Research.
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Jollands, Stephen, and Martin Quinn. "Politicising the sustaining of water supply in Ireland – the role of accounting concepts." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 30, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 164–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-04-2015-2018.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how the Irish Government mobilised accounting concepts to assist in implementing domestic water billing. While such is commonplace in other jurisdictions and is generally accepted as necessary to sustain a water supply, previous attempts were unsuccessful and a political hot potato. Design/methodology/approach The authors use an actor-network theory inspired approach. Specifically, the concepts of calculative spaces and their “otherness” to non-calculative spaces are used to analyse how accounting concepts were mobilised and the effects they had in the introduction of domestic water billing. The authors utilise publically available documents such as legislation, programmes for government, regulator publications, media reports and parliamentary records in the analysis over the period from 1983 to late 2014. Findings The analysis highlights how the implementation of domestic water billing involved the assembling of many divergent actors including the mobilisation of accounting concepts. Specifically the concept of “cost” became a contested entity. The government mobilised it in a conventional way to represent the resourcing of the water supply. Countering this, domestic water users associated “cost” with a direct impact on their own resources and lives. Thus, an entity usually associated with the economic realm was embroiled in political processes, with much of what they were supposed to represent becoming invisible. Thus the authors observed accounting concepts being mobilised to support the gaining of a specific political ends, the implementation of domestic billing, rather than as part of the means to implement a sustainable water supply within Ireland. Research limitations/implications This research has some limitations, one being the authors draw on secondary data. However, the research does provide a detailed base from which to continue to study a new water utility over time. Originality/value This study demonstrates the complications that can occur when accounting concepts are associated with gaining of a political ends rather than as a means in the process of trying to achieve a sustainable water supply. Further, the process saw the creation of a new utility, which is a rare occurrence in the developed world, and a water utility even more so; this study demonstrates the role accounting concepts can have in this creation.
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Wanyonyi, Kizito Simiyu, and Dominic Ngaba. "Digital Financial Services and Financial Performance of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Kakamega County, Kenya." International Journal of Current Aspects in Finance, Banking and Accounting 3, no. 1 (July 9, 2021): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcfa.v3i1.177.
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Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies (Saccos) in Kenya have realised a tremendous growth in the subsector and are investing huge amount of their scarce financial resources in digital technology to enhance services delivery and offer a wide variety of products and services range, increased membership mobilisation and size, ensure better structure and effective financial performance. Digital financial Services as used in the Saccos industry is as a result of Information Communication Technology revolution commonly referred to as digital commerce. Many Saccos are steadily changing from manual banking system of operations to providing digital Financial (e-banking) services that include internet banking, M-banking and Automated Teller machine support. The adoption of digital financial Services by the Saccos is a strategic attempt to deal with increased cut throat competition from traditional banking institutions and non-banking financial institutions, to cut costs and add value to their services in order to optimise benefits to the shareholders. Despite the fact that Saccos have rapidly adopted digital financial services to provide services, and that they drive a huge section of the financial sector savings of the economy, they have experienced various challenges such as uncertainty and risk due to digital financial services. The study sought to establish the influence of digital financial services on the financial performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County, Kenya. The specific objectives was to determine the effect of the mobile banking, internet banking, use of credit cards and digital funds transfer on the financial performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County, Kenya. The research was guided by three theories of innovation and technology: Diffusion of Innovation Theory, The Theory of Task-Technology Fit Theory and the Technological context, Organisational context and Environmental context Theory.The study used a descriptive research design. The population of study were staff at the three SACCOs operating in Kakamega County. This consisted of 162 respondents who are the staff of the SACCOs. A sample of 49 respondents was taken which forms 30% of the target population which shall be evenly spread across the three SACCOs. The primary data was collected by use of self-administered semi-structured questionnaire.Collected data was analysed through descriptive and inferential statistics by the use of SPSS. Findings were presented by use of tables, frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation.The study found that the financial performance of the SACCOs was significantly influenced by the digital financial services instituted by the SACCO managements. They demonstrated to have reliable mobile banking system where most of their customers had enrolled on the mobile banking platform and most of customer queries and updates were sorted via the mobile platform.Given the limitations and findings of this study, the researcher recommends that since there exists a positive relationship between digital financial services and bank performance and that e-banking has brought services closer to bank customer’s hence improving banking industry performance, SACCOs must also enhance the dynamics of the sector and embrace digital banking fully and extensively. Mobile banking faces various challenges among them being, system delays by the mobile money transfer service providers, slow processing of transactions, high transactions costs, limit on the amount of money that can be withdrawn in a day and fraud.
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Bullock, Alison, Emma Barnes, Zoe Slote Morris, Jill Fairbank, John de Pury, Rosamund Howell, and Susan Denman. "Getting the most out of knowledge and innovation transfer agents in health care: a qualitative study." Health Services and Delivery Research 4, no. 33 (November 2016): 1–156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr04330.
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BackgroundKnowledge and innovation transfer (KIT) is recognised internationally as a complex, dynamic process that is difficult to embed in organisations. There is growing use of health service–academic–industry collaborations in the UK, with knowledge brokers linking producers with the users of knowledge and innovation.AimFocusing on KIT ‘agent’ roles within Academic Health Science Networks in England and Partnerships in Wales, we show how individual dispositions, processes and content contribute to desired outcomes.MethodsWe studied the KIT intentions of all Academic Health Science Networks in England, and the South East Wales Academic Health Science Partnership. Using a qualitative case study design, we studied the work of 13 KIT agents purposively sampled from five networks, by collecting data from observation of meetings, documentation, KIT agent audio-diaries, and semistructured interviews with KIT agents, their line managers and those they supported (‘Links’). We also used a consensus method in a meeting of experts (nominal group technique) to discuss the measurement of outcomes of KIT agent activity.FindingsThe case study KIT agents were predominantly from a clinical background with differing levels of experience and expertise, with the shared aim of improving services and patient care. Although outside of recognised career structures, the flexibility afforded to KIT agents to define their role was an enabler of success. Other helpful factors included (1) time and resources to devote to KIT activity; (2) line manager support and a team to assist in the work; and (3) access and the means to use data for improvement projects. The organisational and political context could be challenging. KIT agents not only tackled local barriers such as siloed working, but also navigated shifting regional and national policies. Board-level support for knowledge mobilisation together with a culture of reflection (listening to front-line staff), openness to challenges and receptivity to research all enabled KIT agents to achieve desired outcomes. Nominal group findings underscored the importance of relating measures to specific intended outcomes. However, the case studies highlighted that few measures were employed by KIT agents and their managers. Using social marketing theory helped to show linkages between processes, outcomes and impact, and drew attention to how KIT agents developed insight into their clients’ needs and tailored work accordingly.LimitationsLevel of KIT agent participation varied; line managers and Links were interviewed only once; and outcomes were self-reported.ConclusionsSocial marketing theory provided a framework for analysing KIT agent activity. The preparatory work KIT agents do in listening, understanding local context and building relationships enabled them to develop ‘insight’ and adapt their ‘offer’ to clients to achieve desired outcomes.Future workThe complexity of the role and the environment in which it is played out justifies more research on KIT agents. Suggestions include (1) longitudinal study of career pathways; (2) how roles are negotiated within teams and how competing priorities are managed; (3) how success is measured; (4) the place of improvement methodologies within KIT work; (5) the application of social marketing theory to comparative study of similar roles; and (6) patients as KIT agents.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Johansson, Håkan, and Gabriella Scaramuzzino. "Digital resource abundance: How social media shapes success and failure of online mobilisation." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, January 3, 2023, 135485652211498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13548565221149853.
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This article explores how and why some online protests manage to gain digital resource abundance, that is, mobilising large numbers of people and attracting wide interest and support in a short space of time. The study focuses on the case of the Swedish Petrol Uprising 2.0 which after a few months managed to mobilise 630,000 members on Facebook. The article expands established theories on online mobilisation by stressing the structural elements of social media platforms and the shaping of online mobilisations through three types of factors: resources, discourses and social positions. By combining contemporary social media research with classic stage theory, we discern the significance of each factor in the three-stage mobilisation process, leading towards digital resource abundance. The article shows that digital resource abundance serves both as a blessing and a burden for online organisers. Paradoxically, social media platforms serve as a fertile ground for bringing ‘the many’ together yet also force successful groups to stay in a stage of constant mobilising.
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Ahmed, Saleh. "Unpacking the environmental movement in megacity Dhaka: how does the resource mobilisation theory explain local urban complexity?" Local Environment, April 29, 2022, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2022.2068144.
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