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Hamad, Mustapha. "Sharing resources for enhanced distributed hypothesis testing." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAT029.
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Les tests d'hypothèses distribués ont de nombreuses applications dans la sécurité, la surveillance de la santé, le contrôle automobile ou la détection d'anomalies. À l'aide de capteurs distribués, les centres de décision de ces systèmes visent à distinguer une situation normale (hypothèse nulle) d'une situation d'alerte (hypothèse alternative). Nous nous concentrons sur la maximisation de la décroissance exponentielle des probabilités d'erreur de type-II (correspondant aux détections manquées), avec un nombre croissant d'observations, tout en maintenant les probabilités d'erreur de type-I (correspondant aux fausses alertes) en dessous de seuils fixés. Dans cette thèse, nous supposons que différents systèmes ou applications partagent les ressources limitées du réseau et imposent des contraintes de taux moyen sur les liens de communication. Nous caractérisons les premières limites fondamentales de la théorie de l'information sous des contraintes de taux moyen pour les systèmes avec capteurs multiples et centres de décision multiples. Notre caractérisation révèle un nouveau compromis entre les exposants maximaux d'erreur de type-II aux différents centres de décision qui découle des différentes marges à exploiter sous des contraintes de taux moyen correspondant aux différents seuils d'erreur de type-I des centres de décision. Nous proposons une nouvelle stratégie de multiplexage et de partage du taux pour atteindre ces exposants d'erreur. Notre stratégie se généralise également à toute configuration avec des contraintes de taux moyen et permet d'obtenir des gains prometteurs par rapport aux résultats sur la même configuration avec des contraintes de taux maximal. La méthode de preuve de "converse" que nous utilisons pour caractériser ces limites théoriques peut également être utilisée pour dériver de nouveaux résultats de "converse forte" sous des contraintes de taux maximal. Elle est même applicable à d'autres problèmes tels que la compression ou le calcul distribué<br>Distributed hypothesis testing has many applications in security, health monitoring, automotive car control, or anomaly detection. With the help of distributed sensors, the decision centers (DCs) in such systems aim to distinguish between a normal situation (null hypothesis) and an alert situation (alternative hypothesis). Our focus will be on maximizing the exponential decay of the type-II error probabilities (corresponding to missed detections), with increasing numbers of observations, while keeping the type-I error probabilities (corresponding to false alarms) below given thresholds. In this thesis, we assume that different systems or applications share the limited network resources and impose expected-rate constraints on the system's communication links. We characterize the first information-theoretic fundamental limits under expected-rate constraints for multi-sensor multi-DC systems. Our characterization reveals a new tradeoff between the maximum type-II error exponents at the different DCs that stems from different margins to exploit under expected-rate constraints corresponding to the DCs' different type-I error thresholds. We propose a new multiplexing and rate-sharing strategy to achieve the error-exponents. Our strategy also generalizes to any setup with expected-rate constraints with promising gains compared to the results on the same setup under maximum-rate constraints. The converse proof method that we use to characterize the information-theoretic limits can also be used to derive new strong converse results under maximum-rate constraints. It is even applicable to other problems such as distributed compression or computation
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Yang, Shanshan. "An effective services framework for sharing educational resources." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56278/.
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Nowadays, the growing number of software tools to support e-learning and the data they rely upon are valuable resources, supporting different aspects of the complex learning and teaching processes, including designing learning content, delivering learning activities, and evaluating students’ learning performance. However, sharing these educational resources efficiently and effectively is a challenge: there are many resources, these have not been described accurately and in general they do not interoperate, and it is common for the tools to rely on different technologies. This thesis explores a solution – a novel educational services framework – to improve the sharing of current e-resources, by applying the latest service technologies in the context of higher education. Our findings suggest that the proposed framework is effective to deal with the technical and educational issues in resource discovery, interoperability and reusability, however, there are still technical challenges remaining for implementing this service framework. This research is divided into 3 phases. The first phase investigates the sharing of elearning resources through a literature survey, and identifies limitations on current developments. In the second phase, the current problems relating to resource sharing are addressed by a proposed educational service framework, which contains both educational and technical components. Through a case study, nine e-learning services and their dataflows are identified. To determine the technical components of the framework, a novel Educational Service Architecture is proposed, which allows resources to be better described, structured and connected, by following the principles of discoverability, interoperability and reusability in service technologies. In the third phase, part of the framework is implemented and evaluated by two studies. In the first study, users’ experiences were collected via a simulation experiment, to compare the effectiveness of a service prototype with that of the use of current technologies. During the second part of the evaluation, technical challenges for implementing the services framework were identified via a case study, involving the implementation of another service prototype.
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Foss, Richard John. "A networking approach to sharing music studio resources." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006660.
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This thesis investigates the extent to which networking technology can be used to provide remote workstation access to a pool of shared music studio resources. A pilot system is described in which MIDI messages, studio control data, and audio signals flow between the workstations and a studio server. A booking and timing facility avoids contention and allows for accurate reports of studio usage. The operation of the system has been evaluated in terms of its ability to satislY three fundamental goals, namely the remote, shared and centralized access to studio resources. Three essential network configurations have been identified, incorporating a mix of star and bus topologies, and their relative potential for satisfYing the fundamental goals has been highlighted.
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Daudi, Morice [Verfasser]. "Trust in Sharing Resources in Logistics Collaboration / Morice Daudi." Düren : Shaker, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188552376/34.
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Bhurtyal, Kul Ratna. "International law and the sharing of transboundary water resources." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248650.
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The rapidly increasing population in the developing world is creating heavy pressure on the use of water for mushrooming cities, domestic consumption, and irrigated agriculture. At the same time effluents and water for human settlements, industry and agriculture are overloading the capacity of watercourses to recuperate. The use and misuse of water in one location can have far-flung effects, altering downstream resources, affecting the reliability of water flows, and degrading water quality and aquatic ecosystems. States have the tendency to use water as much as possible for their own benefit transferring the negative externalities to other riparian. In the absence of legal rule, a norm to address these tensions, water competition is likely to cause discord between groups dependent on the same resources. Several doctrines have been put forward by nations to justify their unilateral interest. International water law, a relatively new branch of international law aims to advocate that every notion sharing a watercourse is entitled to a reasonable and equitable share. Recognising the significance of international river basins, the International Law Commission, on the recommendation of United Nations General Assembly, worked for two decades to bring about a Convention to help in regulating the use of international watercourses in an equitable an reasonable manner. On this premise this study attempts to trace out a picture of the evolution and development of international water law, identifying the major issues and forces that are vital to the problem of sharing of water resources in international river basins of the world. It also tries to examine the theoretical premises of utilisation of international water resources and seeks to suggest practical and implmentable proposals for the better water sharing arrangements for the purpose of maintaining the balanced interests of all the riparian states.
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Paget, Nicolas. "Facing threats by sharing information for natural resources management." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED059/document.
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Nous explorons le lien entre partage d'information (PI) et gestion collective de ressources naturelles (GRN). Pour déterminer ce lien, nous nous sommes interessé aux ostréiculteurs, acteurs sensibles à la qualité de l'eau et touchés par un virulent virus. Ces acteurs ont développé et utilisent divers artéfacts de PI. Ces artifacts sont destinés à faire face à des menaces potentielles. L'identification de ce point fondamental a mené à développer le concept de menaces. Elles sont définies par le modèle (Acteurs, Caractéristiques, Infrastructure, Décisions, Environnement). Elles sont organisées le long de deux axes: l'internalité et l'exclusivité. Formuler la situation des ostréiculteurs en utilisant ce concept permet une caractérisation des enjeux pour les artéfacts de PI pour la lutte contre les menaces. Nous avons utilisé le cadre ENCORE pour une analyse qualitative et la SMA pour une quantitative de l’impact des artéfacts. La recherche montre qu'ils peuvent avoir des buts, media et contenus variés, améliorer la réflexivité, ou mener à peu, voire aucun changement. Ces améliorations sont liées au processus de création de l'artéfact<br>I explore how information sharing (IS) and natural resources management (NRM) are linked.To determine this link, I focused on oyster farmers, actors sensitive to water quality and impacted by a virulent virus. Those actors implemented and use diverse IS artifacts. Those artifacts are meant to face potential threats. Realizing this focal point led to develop the threat concept. They are defined by the (Actors, Characteristics, Infrastructure, Decisions, Environnement) model. They are organized along two axes: internality and excludability. Framing oyster farmers’ situation with this concept allow a characterization of stakes for IS artifacts to tackle threats.I used the ENCORE framework for qualitative assessment of IS artifacts impacts and a MAS for a quantitative one. The research shows that they have various goals, media and contents; can increase reflexivity or have little to no impact. Those changes are linked to artifact creation process
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Teodosiu, Dan. "A truly concurrent semantics for processes sharing quantified resources." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077019.
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A la quête d'une approche vraiment concurrente, où la concurrence est notionnellement indépendante du non-déterminisme, on présente le domaine des multi-pomsets complexes finis et infinis, qui permettent de décrire le comportement concurrent déterministe de processus récurrents. Le langage de processus qu'on modélise est construit au-dessus d'un ensemble fixe de ressources quantifiées auxquelles les processus peuvent accéder. Il contient plusieurs opérateurs fmitaires, tels qu'un processus vide, des processus action, un renommage, un cachement, une restriction, une composition sérielle, une composition parallèle alphabétisée, ainsi qu'un opérateur de récursion infinitaire. La machine structurée opérationnelle définie spécifie pour chaque opérateur un petit nombre de règles de réécriture qui engendrent la sémantique opérationnelle structurée linéaire et complexe. La dénotation d'un processus est un multi-pomset complexe qui comprend deux composantes: la première est un multi-pomset déjà observé d'événements quantifiés, tandis que la seconde est un multi-ensemble contenant le quota de ressources accordées au processus pour son exécution. L'ordre d'approximation défini confère à l'ensemble des multi-pomsets complexes la structure d'un domaine de Scott cohéremment complet et algébrique. La sémantique dénotationnelle complexe des opérateurs est ensuite définie et montrée Scott-continue par rapport à l'ordre d'approximation. La robustesse du travail sémantique présenté est établie en prouvant que la sémantique dénotationnelle complexe est adéquate et pleinement abstraite par rapport aux sémantiques opérationnelles linéaires et complexes<br>In quest for a truly concurrent semantical approach, where concurrency is notionally independent of non-determinism, we present the domain of finite and infinite complex multi-pomsets, which allow describing the deterministically concurrent behaviour of recursive processes. The process language which we model is built on top of a fixed set of quantified resources that processes may access. It contains several finitary process operators, such as an empty process, action processes, a renaming, a hiding, a restriction, a sequential and an alphabetized parallel operator, as well as an infinitary recursion operator. The defined structural operational machine specifies for each operator a small number of rewrite rules which engender the linear and complex structural operational semantics. The denotation of a process is a complex multi-pomset that consists of two components: the first one is an already observed multi-pomset of quantified events, while the second one is a multi-set containing the quota of resources granted to the process for its execution. The defined approximation order confers to the set of complex multi-pomsets the structure of a coherently complete and algebraic Scott domain. The complex denotational semantics of the operators is then defined and shown to be Scott-continuous with respect to the approximation order. The robustness of the presented semantical work is established by proving that the complex denotational semantics is adequate and fully abstract with respect to the linear and complex operational semantics
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Montash, Mohammed Abdel-Hakim. "Knowledge sharing and professional online communities acceptance : an integrated model." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10419.
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This study aims to advance empirical research in the realm of the use of professional online communities for knowledge sharing. Use of these communities is likely to be influenced not only by social factors but also by cognitive and technological factors. Hence, drawing upon theoretical and empirical foundations and contextually relevant previous research, three theoretical frameworks were developed and applied, in which relational factors (trust), individual factors (knowledge/system self-efficacy), and technological factors (system quality and content quality) were integrated together with the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to examine the use of professional online communities to acquire/provide knowledge among professionals. To test these theoretical models, an online web-survey was administered to 366 members of eight professional communities in Egypt. Employing covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM), the results of this study confirmed that professional online communities have emerged as an essential channel to facilitate knowledge sharing among professionals. Performance expectancy and personal outcome expectancy were found to be the strongest determinants of professional online community use. Relational capital - trust - was found to be a significant predictor of usage behaviour. However, for members who used the community for knowledge provision, trust was found to have a stronger influence than was perceived trust on using the community for knowledge acquisition. For members who used the community for knowledge acquisition, effort expectancy and social influence revealed significant effect, in contrast to members who use the community for knowledge provision. Regarding the hypotheses common to both use behaviours, the findings demonstrated some significant differences. Content quality, for example, seemed to have a clearly stronger influence on trust than system quality in all models. Content quality showed stronger effect on trust for using professional online communities for knowledge provision than using for knowledge acquisition, while system quality was found to be a stronger predictor of trust in the use for knowledge acquisition. For effort expectancy, system quality tended to have a stronger influence than system self-efficacy in all models; however, the influence of system quality on effort expectancy tended to be more important when online communities are used for knowledge acquisition. As for moderating effects, the influence of performance expectancy on use for knowledge acquisition and the influence of personal outcome expectancy on use for knowledge provision were found to be moderated by users’ gender (stronger for men) and age (stronger for younger users), while the influence of performance expectancy on use for knowledge acquisition was found to be influenced by users’ experience (stronger for less experienced users).
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Reinertson, Susan K. "Resource sharing : building collaboration for regionalization." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FReinertson.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Christopher Bellavita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37). Also available online.
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Akamavi, Neneh. "The relationship between knowledge sharing socialisation mechanisms, structural capital and organisational performance." Thesis, University of Hull, 2017. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16525.
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Globalisation, increasing competition, turbulent economic environments, and technological changes have shifted the significance of traditional assets as primary resources in sustaining competitive advantage for organisations. Whilst traditional assets remain valuable, knowledge sharing has become increasingly recognised as another critically important factor. Arguably, the use of knowledge sharing mechanisms (personal socialisation and electronic socialisation) and structural capital dimensions such as network ties, network configuration, network stability, and centrality will impact organisational performance. Thus hypothetically, knowledge sharing mechanisms are likely to affect organisational performance through the mediating role of structural capital dimensions. However, the existing literature has largely overlooked the association between knowledge sharing mechanisms, structural capital and organisational performance. Subsequently, the holistic integration of the above constructs remains under-explored. As a result, this study examines the direct and indirect effects between knowledge sharing mechanisms and structural capital on organisational performance. In addition, it validates a conceptual framework and tests a range of research hypotheses. Using a hypothetic-deductive approach, a research instrument was developed based on the existing literature. The piloted research instrument was administered to a census of the UK Top 500 companies listed in the FAME database. A useable response from 167 chief executives, chief operating officers and top managers surveyed resulted in a 33.4% response rate. Multivariate analysis results indicate the internal reliability (total Cronbach Alpha values) of retained factors ranging from .72 to .90. Structural equation modelling (SEM) show adequate goodness of fit indices: CMIN/DF=1.11, NFI=.97, GFI=.91, CFI=.98, TLI=.99, and RMSEA=.03. Results demonstrate that structural capital mediates the relationship between knowledge sharing mechanisms and organisational performance: the hypotheses were confirmed. Moreover, electronic socialisation was shown to have a positive significant effect on operations performance. This study successfully validated the conceptual framework derived from a range of relevant theories. The study provides unique insights into how knowledge sharing mechanisms interacted with structural capital which leads to organisational performance: In integrating the aforementioned research constructs this study fills theoretical gaps by broadening the conceptualisation of the structural capital dimensionality and organisational performance facets. As a result, this study advances our understanding of organisational performance determinants. Accordingly, it provides managerial implications based on the results obtained. Limitations of the methodological approach and avenues for further studies are discussed.
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Vega, D'Aurelio Davide. "Incentives for sharing heterogeneous resources in distributed systems : a participatory approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/336680.
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Contributory and volunteer computing ecosystems built around a community of participants need, like any other common-pool resources, an adaptive governance mechanism to guarantee the sustainability of the ecosystem. Reciprocity incentive mechanisms based on economic principles have been proved efficient solutions to regulate the resource sharing and allocation in large computing architectures, guaranteeing a direct retribution for each individual contribution even in presence of misbehaving users. However, while these mechanisms preserve the macro-equilibrium of the computational shared resources (e.g., CPU or memory), participants with fewer resources face problems competing for the attention of other members with more resources to cooperate with; making it difficult to apply such principles in practice. Additionally, active members of the community contributingin other aspects (e.g., doing administrative tasks or developing software) are not contemplated in traditional schemes although their time and effort are also part of the common-pool resource and hence, should be retributed somehow.
The aim of this thesis is to revisit some of the architectural aspects of current systems and propose a framework to govern contributory and volunteer computing ecosystems in a fairer way based on principles of participatory economics. Our main contributions in this thesis are threefold. First, we examine the mechanisms ruling the resource sharing and propose a new reciprocal incentive mechanism that measures participants¿ effort on sharing resources instead of their direct contribution, so it increases the collaboration opportunities of users with fewer resources in heterogeneous scenarios. Second, we propose a regulation mechanism for allocating new computational devices and distribute new resources within them, with the objective of increasing their impact in the common-pool resources when the demand of resources is supplied by the community. Third, we propose new methods to detect and analyze the social positions and roles of the community members, enabling the governance mechanism to be adapted taking into account members' effort on several tasks not considered otherwise.
The main contributions of this thesis conform a single framework that has been tested experimentally, using simulations, in a resource-sharing environment with non-strategic participants. Potentially, the mechanisms developed in this thesis will open new opportunities to apply political-economic and social ideas to the new generation of volunteer, contributory or grid computing systems; as well as other commonpool resources scenarios.<br>Els sistemes de computació voluntària o contributiva construïts al voltant de comunitats de participants necessiten, com qualsevol altre common-pool resource, mecanismes de govern adaptatius que garanteixin la sostenibilitat de l'ecosistema. Els incentius recíprocs basats en principis econòmics han demostrat ser solucions eficients per regular la compartició i assignació de recursos en arquitectures de gran escala, garantint una retribució directa per cada contribució, inclús en presència d’usuaris maliciosos. No obstant això, mentre aquests mecanismes preserven el macro equilibri dels recursos compartits (p. ex., CPU o memòria), els participants amb menys recursos tenen problemes per competir per l'atenció dels altres membres amb més recursos quan volen cooperar amb ells; fent difícil en la pràctica aplicar aquests principis. A més a més, els membres actius de la comunitat contribuint en altres aspectes (p. ex., realitzant tasques administratives, o desenvolupant software) no es torben contemplats en els esquemes tradicions tot i que el seu temps i esforç també son part del common-pool resource i, per tant, haurien de ser compensats. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és revisar alguns dels aspectes d’arquitectura que fan que aquestes estratègies no funcionin i proposar un framework per governar ecosistemes de computació voluntària o contributiva duna manera més justa utilitzant principis de participació econòmica. Primer, examinem els mecanismes que controlen la compartició de recursos i proposem un nou mecanisme d’incentiu recíproc que mesura l'esforç dels participants mentre comparteixen recursos en comptes de la seva contribució directa, de manera que les oportunitats per cooperar incrementen pels usuaris amb menys recursos. En segon lloc, proposem un mecanisme per regular l'assignació de noves màquines de computació i recursos, amb l'objectiu de millorar el seu impacte en escenaris amb common-pool resource quan la demanda de recursos ha de ser subministrada col·lectivament. Tercer, proposem nous mètodes per detectar i analitzar els rols i posicions socials dels membres de la comunitat, permetent que els mecanismes de govern es puguin adaptar tenint en compte l'esforç dels participants en altres tipus de tasques prèviament no contemplades. Les principals contribucions d'aquesta tesi formen un únic framework que ha estat provat experimentalment, utilitzant simulacions, en un escenari cooperatiu amb participants no estratègics. Potencialment, els mecanismes desenvolupats en aquesta tesi obriran noves oportunitats per aplicar idees politico-econòmiques i socials a la nova generació de sistemes de computació voluntària, cooperativa o grid, així com escenaris common-pool resource.
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Al, Meshhadany Thamer. "Optimization of resources sharing in the third generation of mobile system." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112229.
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Kunst, Rafael. "A QoS-aware resources sharing architecture for homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless networks." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/169287.
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O atual modelo de alocação espectral implementado pelas autoridades governamentais somado à crescente demanda por recursos imposta pela implementação de modernas aplicações e serviços de rede irá resultar em um problema relacionado à escassez de recursos em um futuro próximo. Lidar com este problema demanda esforços no sentido de melhorar a alocação de recursos. Uma das maneiras de atingir este tipo de melhoria é permitir o compartilhamento de recursos entre operadores em redes homogêneas e heterogêneas que podem implementar diferentes tecnologias, como a utilização coletiva do espectro e de recursos licenciados. Diversos trabalhos relacionados à esta pesquisa foram propostos. Entretanto, estes trabalhos geralmente identificam a necessidade de obter recursos adicionais, porém buscam por esses recursos sem levar em conta os requisitos de qualidade de serviço e o custo envolvido no compartilhamento desses recursos. Considerando esse contexto, nesta tese, uma nova arquitetura é proposta para permitir a implementação do compartilhamento de recursos e para encorajar operadores a alugarem recursos sobressalentes levando em conta o custo e a qualidade de serviço oferecida. Esta abordagem permite que operadores tenha ganhos com o aluguel dos recursos, ao mesmo tempo em que o cliente recebe serviços com maior qualidade. As principais contribuições da arquitetura proposta incluem o projeto de um controlador de recursos para coordenar o processo de compartilhamento. Esse controlador busca estabelecer contratos de serviço dinâmicos levando em conta a qualidade de serviço requerida. Para tanto, é necessária a troca de informações que, no caso da arquitetura proposta, é mantida baixa para evitar que a rede seja sobrecarregada e acabe interferindo com o tráfego de dados. Além disso, a solução proposta é capaz de tomar decisões rápidas sobre a alocação de recursos, o que permite o redirecionamento do tráfego sem que ocorram interferências com os demais usuários. A arquitetura proposta é modela analiticamente e simulada com o auxílio da ferramenta Matlab. O desempenho da proposta é medido em três diferentes cenários, considerando tanto redes homogêneas, quanto heterogêneas. A sobrecarga gerada pela troca de informações de controle corresponde a menos de 1% do tráfego total da rede, o que é desprezível do ponto de vista da interferência com o tráfego de dados. As decisões rápidas tomadas pela arquitetura são baseadas na previsão acurada do tráfego futuro da rede e permitem o redirecionamento do tráfego para outras redes em um tempo até 46% abaixo do limite máximo especificado na literatura para este tipo de redirecionamento. Os resultados mostram ainda que as métricas de atraso e variação do atraso também são mantidas abaixo dos limites especificados, o que indica que a qualidade de serviço é garantida nos cenários avaliados.<br>The static model currently applied by governmental authorities for allocating the spectrum of frequencies and the increasing demand for network resources imposed by modern applications and services may lead to a resources scarcity problem in the near future. Dealing with this problem demands improvements on resources allocation. One of the ways of providing such improvements is by allowing resources sharing among network operators in both homogeneous and heterogeneous network scenarios. These network operators may implement different technologies, such as collective use of spectrum and licensed shared access to the spectrum of frequencies. Many related works have been proposed in the same context of the presented research, however these related works generally identify the need for additional resources and search for available resources without taking into account the QoS requirements of the resources renter and the costs involved in the resources sharing initiative. Therefore, in this thesis, a novel architecture is proposed to facilitate the implementation of resources sharing and consequently encourage network operators to lease their underutilized resources taking into account both the cost and the QoS requirements. This approach allows the network operator which is serving the resources to improve its profits at the same time that allows quality of service improvements to the resources renter. The main contributions of the proposed architecture include but are not limited to the design of a multilevel resources broker to control the resources sharing process. This broker is concerned on dynamically establishing a service level agreement that takes into account the quality of service requirements of resources renter. This process focuses on exchanging a small amount of control information to prevent the overhead from interfering with the legitimate traffic of the network operators. Another important contribution of the proposed approach is to improve the resources allocation in comparison with related work. Furthermore, the proposed solution is capable of taking fast decisions regarding resources allocation, what leads to the implementation of fast handover, allowing the traffic steering without interfering with incumbent users. The proposed architecture is modeled analytically and simulated using Matlab to evaluate its behavior in three different scenarios, considering both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks. The overhead in practical operation scenarios is kept under 1% of the total network traffic, what is considered not to interfere with the transmissions of the network operators. The fast decisions taken by the resources sharing architecture are based on accurate traffic load forecasting, what leads to fast handover, attaining times up to 46% lower than the maximum allowed handover duration. Results also show that both delay and jitter metrics are controlled to be maintained below their specific thresholds of the analyzed applications and therefore, the QoS is guaranteed for the resources renter, considering the coexistence of up to 500 devices.
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Leonce, Tesa Erica. "Natural resource conservation incentives, trade and profit-sharing." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1799900721&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Rourke, Michelle. "Viruses, Science and Law: Clarifying the Status of Viruses as `Genetic Resources' Under International Access and Benefit-Sharing Law to Inform Future Virus Sharing Arrangements." Thesis, Griffith University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/382736.
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In 2007 the Indonesian government cited the United Nations’ Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) when it claimed sovereignty over influenza viruses isolated from within its territory, denying the World Health Organization (WHO) access to physical samples of H5N1 influenza virus. In response, WHO Member States adopted the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework (PIP Framework) for the sharing of influenza viruses with human pandemic potential. This ended the political stalemate between Indonesia and the WHO, but the international community never addressed the broader legal issue at the core of Indonesia’s claim: do countries have sovereign authority over viruses isolated from within their territories? Answering this question is the starting point of this thesis and is crucial to creating legal certainty for international virus sharing and defending global health security.
Genetic resources were largely treated as global public goods under international law until the entry into force of the CBD in 1993. This binding and widely-adopted convention situates genetic resources within the sovereign domain of the Nation State, allowing national governments to regulate access to genetic resources pursuant to their own environmental policies. The domestic laws and policies implemented in the wake of the CBD have created a diverse and complicated regime for accessing genetic resources and sharing benefits associated with their utilisation, referred to as ‘access and benefit-sharing’ (ABS). Until the present research, it has not been clear how these rules apply to viruses outside the narrow remit of pandemic influenza viruses under the PIP Framework.
Virus samples are essential for ecological, agricultural and medical research and are vital inputs for the production of vaccines and antivirals. Most viruses are still accessed freely from the environment and shared informally between networks of scientific colleagues without regard to the domestic ABS policies of originating Nation States. This is starting to change as States begin to restrict access to virus samples to exchange them for monetary or non-monetary benefits. This trend is likely to impact scientific research and the development of novel biotechnologies, but it has the most disturbing consequences in the field of public health, where international negotiations over access to pathogenic virus samples can delay outbreak response efforts.
This research examines the legalities of claiming sovereignty over viruses under international law and represents the first systematic effort to situate viruses within the international ABS regime. This research aims to: (1) clarify the status of viruses under international ABS law, (2) examine the facets of the international ABS regime that will shape future virus sharing practices, and (3) determine the impact of virus ABS on virological research. It draws together the key themes of law, scientific research and viruses.
The legal question originally posed by Indonesia in 2007 and restated here as the first aim of this research is addressed by means of a textual analysis of the CBD and its Nagoya Protocol. Chapter 2 (published in the European Intellectual Property Review) demonstrates that all viruses are unequivocally ‘genetic resources’ within the remit of these international instruments. This finding clarifies the previously ambiguous status of all viruses as sovereign genetic resources under international law and forms the theoretical basis for the preponderance of this research. In effect, influenza viruses with human pandemic potential are regulated by the PIP Framework and all other viruses are subject to regulation under the CBD and Nagoya Protocol.
Four chapters of this thesis address the second aim of this research, examining the facets of the current international ABS regime that will shape future virus sharing arrangements. Chapter 3 (published in the Journal of Law and Medicine) analyses temporality and the conceivable extension of sovereign rights to virus isolates collected before the entry into force of the CBD on 29 December 1993, using the ex situ repositories of smallpox virus held by the United States of America and the Russian Federation as a case study. Chapters 4 and 5 (published in the Journal of Law and Medicine and the Journal of World Intellectual Property respectively) are the first published papers to examine how provisions of the CBD and Nagoya Protocol relating to ‘traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources’ apply to viruses. These chapters provide proof of principle that Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities could possess virus-associated traditional knowledge that can be subject to benefit-sharing obligations. Chapter 6 (published in The Milbank Quarterly) critiques the ABS provisions of the PIP Framework as the only international virus-specific de facto ABS instrument. The Nagoya Protocol creates the flexibility to adopt specialised instruments outside of the default bilateral ABS system created by the CBD and Nagoya Protocol. Chapter 6 demonstrates that while the PIP Framework may be considered a multilateral ABS agreement, it secures just the access side of the ABS ‘grand bargain’ enshrined by the CBD. Chapter 6 cautions against the current proposals to expand the scope of the PIP Framework to include other pathogens.
Chapter 7 (published in the Journal of Science Policy and Governance) addresses the third aim of this research by examining how ABS measures have impacted scientific research in the biological disciplines. It shows how domestic legislative, administrative and policy measures implementing the CBD and Nagoya Protocol create legal barriers to accessing genetic resources for biological research and can limit scientific innovation. It demonstrates that ABS policies will have a cooling effect on biotechnological research utilising viral genetic resources if countries start to impose similar legal barriers to accessing virus samples.
Chapter 8 concludes that the international ABS regime already fetters virus sharing with unforeseen adverse impacts on global health security. Scientists require access to virus samples for research and development, and timely access to viruses that can cause diseases in humans, plants and animals is critical. As countries start to exercise their sovereign authority over viruses and restrict access to virus samples in order to influence benefit-sharing negotiations, it is ever more important that the international community comprehends the form and structure of virus ABS. This thesis fills the literature void as the first published research to explore the legal and practical issues of accessing virus samples and sharing the benefits associated with their use under the CBD and Nagoya Protocol. Given the deficiencies of the current ABS regime, this research forms the basis for an international debate about alternative models for regulating access to viruses and sharing the associated benefits. During public health emergencies, legal ambiguities around who can control access to viruses and at what price can delay the public health response and ultimately cost lives.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Griffith Law School<br>Arts, Education and Law<br>Full Text
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Thibeault, Nancy. "Sinclair Curriculum eXchange (SCX) Sharing Learning Resources to Improve Part-Time Instruction." NSUWorks, 2005. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/880.
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The dissertation effort focused upon improving the quality and consistency of instruction across multiple course sections taught by full -time and part-time faculty. Sinclair Curriculum eXchange (SCX), an online repository of learning objects (LOs) was designed, implemented, and used to deliver a consistent set of teaching materials to introductory Computer Information Systems (CIS) students. Experienced CIS faculty documented successful learning activities along with instructions for using those activities in the classroom. The SCX system was used to assemble the materials for three LOs and one lesson, and then the SCX system was used to share the materials with all faculty teaching the course.
The quality and consistency of instruction were measured by a faculty survey and the analysis of student quiz scores. Overall, the faculty agreed that the materials were effective, they liked the teaching approach, and the materials made it easier to teach. Student quiz scores were compared across instructors, course sections, and instructor status. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences on three of the four quizzes or on all quizzes combined.
The results of the faculty survey and analysis of student quiz scores suggest that the SCX system has the potential to increase the quality and consistency of instruction across multiple course sections. It is therefore recommended that a complete course be developed in SCX and the system be re-evaluated. Two major issues surfaced during this study. Faculty participation was problematic in the development of course materials. The fine granularity level used required the creation of a prohibitive number of files.
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Kim, Sanghee. "User modelling for knowledge sharing in e-mail communication." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/45959/.
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This thesis addresses the problem of sharing and transferring knowledge within knowledge-intensive organisations from a user modelling perspective with the purpose of improving individual and group performance. It explores the idea of creating organisational environments from which any of the users involved can benefit by being aware of each other such that sharing expertise between those who are knowledge providers and those who are knowledge seekers can be maximised. In order to encourage individuals to share such valuable expertise, it also explores the idea of keeping a balance between ensuring the availability of information and the increase in user workloads due to the need to handle unwanted information. In an attempt to demonstrate the ideas mentioned above, this research examines the application of user modelling techniques to the development of communication-based task learning systems based on e-mail communication. The design rationale for using e-mail is that personally held expertise is often explicated through e-mail exchanges since it provides a good source for extracting user knowledge. The provision of an automatic message categorisation system that combines knowledge acquired from both statistical and symbolic text learning techniques is one of the three themes of this work. The creation of a new user model that captures the different levels of expertise reflected in exchanged e-mail messages, and makes use of them in linking knowledge providers and knowledge seekers is the second. The design of a new information distribution method to reduce both information overload and underload is the third.
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Abdul, Manaf Halimah. "The influence of knowledge sharing on performance among Malaysian public sector managers and the moderating role of individual personality." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6378.
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There have been recent calls for further research into the sharing of managerial tacit knowledge to enhance individual and organisational performance. This, due to a lack of knowledge of current practices of knowledge sharing, especially in developing countries, has been the motivation behind this research. The study examines the roles of personality traits in facilitating knowledge sharing practices and managerial tacit knowledge transfer among managers working in high and low performance local governments. Specifically, the study examines the direct relationship between knowledge sharing practices and tacit knowledge among 308 managers working in local governments. Secondly, this study explores the differences between knowledge sharing practices, tacit knowledge and individual performance among managers working in high and low performance local governments. Thirdly, this study also explores the role of personality traits as moderators of the relationship between knowledge sharing practices and tacit knowledge with individual performance. A triangulation approach combining questionnaire and interviews was used in the study. The questionnaire was distributed to middle managers of 35 Malaysian local government engaged in a Star Rating System. There were 358 completed questionnaires returned, but only 308 were useable. To support the results from the quantitative data, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 managers from Malaysian Local Governments of high and low levels of performance representing 4 main categories: City Hall, City Council, Municipal Council, and District Council. The results provided general support the majority of hypotheses of the study. Specifically, mentoring programme (competence), individual codification, institutional personalization and institutional codification were related to managerial tacit knowledge transfer. Tacit knowledge associated with managing oneself, managing tasks and managing others were significantly related to knowledge sharing practices. Unexpectedly, there were no significant differences in knowledge sharing practices, levels of accumulated managerial tacit knowledge, or individual performance between high and low performance local governments. Finally, results indicated that the agreeableness dimension of individual personality interacted with mentoring programmes in a way that predicted individual performance. Furthermore, agreeableness and conscientiousness dimensions of personality interacted with tacit knowledge associated managing self and managing tasks to influence individual performance. The openness dimension interacted with tacit knowledge associated with managing others to influence individual performance. This study adds to the limited body of empirical research in knowledge management, particularly within the Malaysian public sector. It represents a comprehensive survey and explanation of knowledge management in Malaysia. The relationship between knowledge sharing practices and tacit knowledge variables and their interaction with sub traits of personality in terms of individual performance suggests that it would be beneficial to the Ministry of Housing and Local Government in Malaysia to manage tacit knowledge as a way of enhancing individual performance. Contributions to the theory and practice, limitations and implications of the study are discussed.
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Lundy, Jacques S. "A peer sharing approach to mission planning and development in U.S. Army tactical environments." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FLundy.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.<br>Thesis advisor(s): James Bret Michael, Michael R. Murrah. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83). Also available online.
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Bao, Xiaowen 1973. "Measuring information-sharing behavior : the case of supply chains in operational contexts." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=94189.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the theoretical foundation for conceptualizing information-sharing behavior and to develop a composite index or a global scale for measuring the overall level of information sharing in the context of supply chains. Specifically, the study investigates two research questions: What are the basic characteristics of information-sharing behavior? How can the overall level of operational information sharing of small- and medium-sized Canadian enterprises in supply chains be measured? Three major characteristics of information-sharing behavior are identified in the study: there must be mutual benefits, a mixture of collaborative and competitive actions, and a dependent relationship. Correspondingly, a theoretical definition of information-sharing behavior is proposed: information-sharing behavior is a type of information behavior in which two groups of actors connected by a certain type of relationship transfer information between them through collective actions in order to achieve individual or common interests. Furthermore, a general analytical framework of information-sharing behavior is developed. The analytical framework, which includes major factors involved in information-sharing activity, broadens the scope of interactions beyond the systems and information, and adopts a new perspective emphasizing incentives and interactions between actors in addition to the system-centered and user-centered views traditionally assumed in information behavior studies.<br>Le but de cette étude est d’explorer les fondements théoriques pour conceptualiser le comportement du partage d’information et pour développer un index composé ou une échelle globale afin de mesurer le niveau complet du partage d’information dans le contexte de chaînes d’approvisionnement. En pratique, le partage d’information entre les membres d’une chaîne d’approvisionnement est crucial afin d’augmenter la compétitivité et la performance des entreprises individuelles et de la chaîne entière. Néanmoins, le partage d’information rendu possible par les réseaux informatiques dans les entreprises canadiennes en ·est toujours à ses balbutiements, et il n’y a aucune méthode applicable pour évaluer les efforts des entreprises pour améliorer le niveau du partage d’information dans les chaînes d’approvisionnemeont. Spécifiquement, l’étude examine les deux questions de recherche suivantes: Quelles sont les caractéristiques de base du comportement du partage d’information? Comment peut être mesuré le niveau général du partage d’information opérationnel entre les petites et les moyennes entreprises canadiennes dans les chaînes d’approvisionnement? Trois caractéristiques majeures du comportement du partage d’information sont identifiées dans l’étude: il doit y avait un avantage mutuel, un mélange d’actions collaboratives et compétitives, et une relation de dépendance. Une définition théorique de comportement du partage d’information est proposée: Le comportement du partage d’information est un type de comportement informationnel dans lequel deux groupes d’acteurs sont reliés par un certain type de relations de transfert des informations par des actions collectives afin de réaliser des intérêts individuels ou communs. En outre, une structure analytique d’ensemble du comportement de partage d’information est développée. La structure analytique, qui comprend des facteurs majeurs dans l’
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Rowell, Janet L. "Student Perceptions: Teaching and Learning with Open Educational Resources." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2545.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that may contribute to student perceptions of courses using Open Educational Resources (OER). Specifically, the 6 independent variables tested were the course discipline, age, gender, course delivery mode, enrollment status, and number of credit hours taken. The dependent variables were measured as mean scores of 6 OER perception dimensions: motivation to learn, quality of learning experience, value of OER, cognitive learning, affective learning, and course quality. A 27-item online survey was administered to gather data from students enrolled in a course that used OER in the fall semester, 2014. There was a 23% response rate with 80 completed surveys.
Independent-samples t tests were used to determine if significant differences existed between 5 of the 6 independent variables (the number of credit hours taken was tested using a different method) and each OER perception dimension mean. A Pearson product-moment correlation was used to determine whether there were significant relationships among the 6 dependent OER perception dimension means and the number of credit hours taken. The level of significance used was < .05.
The findings of the independent-samples t tests revealed that there were no significant differences between the independent variables and the 6 OER perception dimension means. The motivation to learn perception mean was highest at 3.97 on a 5-point Likert-type scale; the value of OER had the lowest perception dimension mean of 3.37. The Pearson product-moment correlation determined that there was a significant weak negative relationship between the number of credit hours taken and the level of perceived cognitive learning dimension. All other correlations were found to have no significant relationships.
It can be concluded from the findings of the study that students are highly motivated to learn. From the perception rating of 3.37 for the value of OER, it can be concluded that student perceptions of the value of OER are slightly positive. It can also be concluded that as the number of credit hours in which a student is enrolled increases they have a lower perception of their level of cognitive learning.
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Öjendal, Joakim. "Sharing the good : modes of managing water resources in the lower Mekong River Basin /." Göteborg : Padrigu, 2000. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009041499&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Low, Marie Rose. "Self defence in open systems : protecting and sharing resources in a distributed open environment." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241623.
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Chennells, Roger Scarlin. "Equitable access to human biological resources in developing countries : benefit sharing without undue inducement." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2014. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/10634/.
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The main research question of this thesis is: How can cross-border access to human genetic resources, such as blood or DNA samples, be governed to achieve equity for developing countries? Access to and benefit sharing for human biological resources is not regulated through an international legal framework such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, which applies only to plants, animals and micro-organisms as well as associated traditional knowledge. This legal vacuum for the governance of human genetic resources can be attributed (in part) to the concern that benefit sharing might provide undue inducements to research participants and their communities. This thesis shows that: (a) Benefit sharing is crucial to avoiding the exploitation of developing countries in genomic research. (b) With functioning research ethics committees, undue inducement is less of a concern in genetic research than in other medical research (e.g. clinical trials). (c) Concerns remain over research involving indigenous populations and some recommendations are provided. In drawing its conclusions, the thesis resolves a highly pressing topic in global bioethics and international law. Originally, it combines bioethical argument with jurisprudence, in particular reference to the law of equity and the legal concepts of duress (coercion), unconscionable dealing, and undue influence.
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Nyman, Charlott. "Mine, yours or ours? : sharing in Swedish couples." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologi, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-200.
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The topic of this thesis is the sharing of resources in families. Equal sharing has often been taken for granted by policy makers as well as researchers. However, a considerable body of research has now shown that unequal sharing can and does occur in families. The aim of this thesis has been to study sharing in Swedish couples and the degree to which equality can be said to exist in these. The outcomes of sharing, i e partners’ access to money and consumption have been a major focus, as has the negotiations that take place regarding sharing. The processes and mechanisms that are at play in discussions and negotiations about sharing have also been a major focus. Money and consumption are in focus, however other resources such as leisure time and housework are also addressed. The studies are based on an in-depth interview study with ten Swedish couples where each spouse was interviewed separately; in addition, a survey study of Swedish couples is also utilized. The results of all of the four studies support earlier studies that show that unequal sharing in couples does in fact exist; women seem to experience less access to money and consumption more often than their partners. Several mechanisms were found to be at work shaping patterns of sharing. Pooling money was a common way of regarding the family economy, however it seemed this was not necessarily accompanied by an organization of money that facilitated pooling. Pooling was not necessarily a reflection of equal sharing as it is often assumed to be; instead, it could conceal inequality in that negotiations about sharing were kept off of the agenda. The gendered division of labor that still exists in Swedish society as well as in Swedish families means that women seem to have more knowledge of the needs of the family. This knowledge, which is often lacked by their spouses, also seems to mean that women take on the responsibility of seeing to it that ends are met. This could result in women sacrificing their own personal spending and using money meant for themselves as an economic buffer for the benefit of the family, something that was not found regarding men. In addition, details of the system of financial management used can sometimes act as an obstacle for women’s job of making ends meet and for their personal spending. Another important aspect of sharing in families is how money is defined. Different money can be defined differently and its definition will influence how it is shared and used. The continuous re-defining of money that takes place in families means that money’s meaning can change over time. Money was found to be relational; how it is understood and defined is influenced by its social context; how it is used can also give meaning to actions and influence the balance of power in couples. Several of the studies found support for the resource theory of marital power, however this alone could not explain women’s poorer access to money and consumption. Cultural aspects such as notions about gender and family must also be considered.
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Larsson, Sara. "Speculative futures of sustainable communities : Utilizing the resources of collective living to speculate sustainable futures." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-87931.
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The purpose with this report is to speculate how our neighborhoods could look like in the future, looking at modern collective living due to the housing crisis is Sweden today. This paper will look att different forms of collective housing, to challenge the conventional way of living. Connecting sustainability to the act of sharing space and resources, in creating a collaborative lifestyle. The research methods used in this speculative project looks at three case studies of collective housing to analyse and define different levels of sharing. During the design process one intervention was executed to challenging the norm of ownership, questioning what the act of sharing demands. The goal of this project is to change assumptions of collective living by rethinking space. To create an interlaced community, with hopes of becoming more resilient. The research and its findings worked along- side the report and developed into a zine. The zine was made with key insights from the study, as a tool to communicate the design proposal and can easily be distributed to the Swedish population.
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Blanck, Anton. "Sharing invisible resources in the age of climate change : a transboundary groundwater sharing agreement in Sahel, Africa, analysed through Ostrom’s design principles for collective action." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-381286.
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With climate change and increasing populations, water availability is becoming even more important in the region of Sahel, Africa, where droughts have plagued the states for centuries. In response to this growing concern, seven Sahelian states have initiated cooperation over their shared groundwater resources, an action that is still quite unique globally, given the overlooked status of groundwater. This paper analyses their agreement using Elinor Ostrom’s framework for sustainable collective management of common-pool resources. It concludes that, although the agreement reflects progressive intentions, the attention towards the local levels of governance is insufficient. This conclusion is important specifically for the future of this agreement, and generally feeds into a discussion of governance of larger-scale, transboundary CPRs.
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Porter, Anne L. "Building leadership capacity in the development and sharing of mathematics learning resources, across disciplines, across universities." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-80842.
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In this paper we examine an Australian project in which we seek to develop leadership capacity in staff and students throughout the country, such that they may contribute to and lead others to contribute to the development and sharing of learning support resources for mathematics and statistics across disciplines and universities. One of the tangible outputs is a set of video based learning support resources that can be embedded in subjects across
disciplines and shared across institutions. However the guiding aim is to develop leadership capacity, in its simplest form leading others to lead others to contribute to the project. Leadership may also be developed and exercised across different aspects of the project
whether it be mapping needs, drawing together disciplines groups, finding ways to recognise and reward those engaged in the process, developing resources and the associated skills, ensuring copyright adherence, creating learning designs for optimal use of resources,
evaluating the impact on student outcomes, peer review and the dissemination of findings.
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Colson, Greg. "Alternative approaches for sharing machinery, labor, and other resources among small- and medium-sized agricultural producers." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Mbatha, Nonhlanhla Philile. "Sharing benefits from coastal resources with rual communities in South Africa : the influence of institutional arrangements." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11704.
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Through an analysis of three rural communities in these provinces, this research sought to understand how and why benefits arising from the use of coastal resources in the fisheries and mining sectors are shared and distributed in the manner that they are.
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Kulsumunnessa, Omme, and Zaruhi Aslanyan. "An agent based protocol for parallel negotiation of dependent resources." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1920.
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Context. Resource allocation is an important issue in order to complete a task in the field of agent system. Several protocols are available for task distribution and for efficient resource allocation among agents. Efficient task distribution and resource allocation among agents are often play important roles to obtain high performance. However, the situation becomes more complicated when the resources are dependent on each other where multiple buyers and providers of resources negotiate in parallel. Objectives. In this paper, we proposed an agent based protocol for synchronizing and allocating dependent resources that involves parallel negotiation between multiple buyers and providers of resources. Methods. Literature survey has been conducted in the studied areas in order to position the work and gain more knowledge. Moreover, to validate the proposed protocol, a simulation study was performed. Results. The suggested protocol can handle dependent resources negotiation parallel and the result illustrates that. Moreover, the approach can avoid broadcasting of call for proposals to reduce the communication overhead, which usually occur in many other protocols. Conclusion. In the suggested protocol, we have presented a new idea of re-planning with other techniques like Information board and leveled commitment. In a simulation study, it was identified that this approach is able to deal with the dependent resources according to the simulation results.
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HIGHLEY, THOMAS ALLEN. "ADVISORY CASE STUDY: IMPACT OF WEB BASED RESOURCES ON ADVISOR ACCEPTANCE AND PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029524338.
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Giovannini, A. "EXPLOITING AVAILABLE URBAN TRANSPORTATION RESOURCES WITH TAXI SHARING AND RAPID TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS: A CASE STUDY FOR MILAN." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/367673.
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We assess a bimodal transportation system based on a massive urban on-demand transportation service, named Taxi Sharing, and a rapid Local Public Transportation optimized for users without movement impairments, according to users' traveling and walking time. The aim is to increase, qualitatively and quantitatively, public mobility services by exploiting available urban transportation resources, in order to reduce private motorized mobility and related externalities in urban context. We developed a new technique to optimize a high quality Taxi Sharing service starting from state-of-the-art DARP optimization algorithms. In Taxi Sharing, time windows on pick-up and delivery times are narrow and the service is provided by many small vehicles, taxis. These features allow an enumeration of all possible subsets of incoming users' requests for each vehicle and to compute in real time an optimal set of routes by solving a large set partitioning problem with state-of-the-art integer linear programming solvers. Owing to this fast global optimization capability, the system allows for a high quality service without any need of booking the ride in advance. We present three development scenarios according to demand level, we discuss the performance of the service in terms of number of requests serviced per hour, average travel time and waiting time, number of taxis simultaneously on duty, ride fare and taxi revenue. We explored the possibility of planning, in presence of Taxi Sharing, a rapid LPT optimized for users without movement impairments according to users' traveling and walking time. We based the optimization process on data collected in the field. We evaluated the effects of optimal stops spacing on commercial speed, in relation also to traffic light priority. Obtained results indicate a huge potential increase in efficiency related both to taxi service and to local public transportation.
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Venditti, Silvia. "Shared resources, calm appliances. Sustainable interaction and care in housing context." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21877.
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Today’s environment conditions have reached a critical stage that challenges us to revertthe current paradigm of production and waste into new ways to fulfill needs. The wholesociety needs a shift away from the individual ownership, being it one big reason of environmentalcrisis.This thesis project is an exploration into the field of sustainability in housing contexts thatseeks a different approach in the matter by encouraging the collective use of resources.The resulting design is a product service system that uses indeed a combination of artifactsand services to enhance and augment behaviors towards sustainability, by usingcalm technology as main touchpoint with the users. This means that the project tries toestablish a dialog with the user at a level that presents a valuable aesthetic of interactionbecause of the fluency of communication.
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Sperling, Brian Keith. "Information Sharing Strategies To Improve Team Mental Models In Complex Systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6975.
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This thesis hypothesizes that providing task specific information to individual team members will improve coordination and decision-making, and therefore team performance, at time critical tasks. Major themes addressed in this research include teams and team processes, mental models, team mental models, work domain analysis, and hierarchical task analysis. Furthermore, the theory behind the development of complementary models is introduced. A unique method to identify the information sources and requirements in a complex team environment is first discussed in general and then specifically applied in two domains.
The findings are presented of two experiments examining the effects of imposing different information distribution strategies that range from no complementariness to full complementariness of information. Team communication, team and individual task performance, workload, and timeliness and effectiveness of team decision making were assessed in nominal and off-nominal conditions. The first experiment used an automobile simulator and examined team navigation while driving. A second experiment was designed to incorporate additional measures to more specifically investigate individual performance, team workload, and clarity of information requirements using a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter simulator. The procedures used for both experiments provided for dynamic yet controlled environments through which critical factors that influence team process and performance could be evaluated accurately.
Results of these experiments provide empirical evidence that providing task relevant information to individual team members in a time critical environment, while limiting their access to non-relevant information, improves individual and team performance. Furthermore, there is evidence of increased individual performance that indicates this method of distributing information among team members may provide individual crewmembers with a more accurate task relevant mental model of their own environment. This research provides new insight into how the distribution of information among team members effects the development of mental models, information requirements, team and individual performance, and communications, and highlights several directions for future research.
The information distribution design principles presented in this thesis address the heterogeneity of teams; teams cannot be thought of as groups of identical individuals. The results concerning the communication, workload, performance and team of mental models were consistent across the domains in this research.
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Dubé, Nicolas. "SuperComputing Futures: the Next Sharing Paradigm for HPC Resources - Economic Model, Market Analysis and Consequences for the Grid." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25939/25939.pdf.
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Dubé, Nicolas. "Supercomputing futures : the next sharing paradigm for HPC resources : economic model, market analysis and consequences for the Grid." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20598.
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À la croisée des chemins du génie informatique, de la finance et de l'économétrie, cette thèse se veut fondamentalement un exercice en ingénierie économique dont l' objectif est de contribuer un système novateur, durable et adaptatif pour le partage de resources de calcul haute-performance. Empruntant à la finance fondamentale et à l'analyse technique, le modèle proposé construit des ratios et des indices de marché à partir de statistiques transactionnelles. Cette approche, encourageant les comportements stratégiques, pave la voie à une métaphore de partage plus efficace pour la Grid, où l'échange de ressources se voit maintenant pondéré. Le concept de monnaie de Grid, un instrument beaucoup plus liquide et utilisable que le troc de resources comme telles est proposé: les Grid Credits. Bien que les indices proposés ne doivent pas être considérés comme des indicateurs absolus et contraignants, ils permettent néanmoins aux négociants de se faire une idée de la valeur au marché des différentes resources avant de se positionner. Semblable sur de multiples facettes aux bourses de commodités, le Grid Exchange, tel que présenté, permet l'échange de resources via un mécanisme de double-encan. Néanmoins, comme les resources de super-calculateurs n'ont rien de standardisé, la plate-forme permet l'échange d'ensemble de commodités, appelés requirement sets, pour les clients, et component sets, pour les fournisseurs. Formellement, ce modèle économique n'est qu'une autre instance de la théorie des jeux non-coopératifs, qui atteint éventuellement ses points d'équilibre. Suivant les règles du "libre-marché", les utilisateurs sont encouragés à spéculer, achetant, ou vendant, à leur bon vouloir, l'utilisation des différentes composantes de superordinateurs. En fin de compte, ce nouveau paradigme de partage de resources pour la Grid dresse la table à une nouvelle économie et une foule de possibilités. Investissement et positionnement stratégique, courtiers, spéculateurs et même la couverture de risque technologique sont autant d'avenues qui s'ouvrent à l'horizon de la recherche dans le domaine.
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Green, Brian E. "Sharing Water: A Human Ecological Analysis of the Causes of Conflict and Cooperation Between Nations Over Freshwater Resources." Connect to this title online, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1039201377.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2002.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 159 p. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Kazimierz M. Slomczynski, Dept. of Sociology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-159).
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Ulaner, Magnus. "Bio-cultural Rights, Genetic Resources and Intellectual Property : Interacting Regimes and Epicentres of Power." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för livsvetenskaper, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-17473.
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This thesis analyses the struggle over rights to benefits and ownership of plant genetic resources and the global regime complex on the management of plant genetic resources, and how different regimes concerning these resources cooperate or stand in opposition to each other. Because of changes in US patent law and the establishment of TRIPS, patent claims over plant genetic resources has increased dramatically globally. This, amongst other things, in turn has lead to the acrimonious negotiations of access and benefit sharing arrangements within the framework CBD. The objective of this thesis is to examine the interaction between the international regimes regulating genetic resources and intellectual property and to analyse how these regime interactions, affect the protection of traditional knowledge held by local communities, indigenous peoples and small farmers in developing countries. The thesis concludes that it exists several regime interactions that are disruptive and undermine the possibility of protecting traditional knowledge from misappropriation. It is further concluded that modifications of the existing IPR regimes, on the disclosure of inventions, with a certificate of legal provenance, securing FPIC, MAT and benefit sharing, may serve as one brick in the wall that protect traditional knowledge from misappropriation through wrongly granted patents. But a certificate of legal provenance will not do the work alone. To protect traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources in the long term bio-cultural solutions which sustains the entire community where traditional knowledge is embedded is needed.
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Tran, Thi Thu Huong [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeller. "Sharing forest resources in the Northern Uplands of Vietnam : an institutional analysis / Thi Thu Huong Tran ; Betreuer: Manfred Zeller." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1122623666/34.
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Daudi, Morice [Verfasser], Klaus-Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Thoben, Klaus-Dieter [Gutachter] Thoben, and Otthein [Gutachter] Herzog. "Trust in Sharing Resources in Collaborative Logistics / Morice Daudi ; Gutachter: Klaus-Dieter Thoben, Otthein Herzog ; Betreuer: Klaus-Dieter Thoben." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162273232/34.
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Тiмков, А. В. "Економiка спiльної участi як чинник соцiальних змiн". Thesis, Чернігів, 2020. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/21010.
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Тімков, А. В. Особливості ресоціалізації колишніх засуджених до умов сучасного соціуму : магістерська робота: 231 Соціальна робота / А. В. Тімков; керівник роботи Вербицька А. В. ; Національний університет «Чернігівська політехніка», кафедра соціальної роботи. – Чернігів, 2020. – 95 с.<br>Магістерська робота присвячена аналізу та аузагальненню літературних джерел на тематику економіка спільної участі як чинник соціальних змін.
В розділі 1 мaгiстерськoї роботи Теоретик-методологічні засади явища економіки спільної участі.
Розділ 2 - Економіка спільної участі як чинник соціальних змін. У другому розділі магістерської роботи представлено емпіричне
дослідження та критерії, чинники та показники молодих людей до економiки спiльної участi.<br>The master's thesis is devoted to the analysis and generalization of literary sources on the topic of economics of joint participation as a factor of social change.
In section 1 of the master's thesis Theorist-methodological principles of research of the phenomenon of economics of joint participation.
Section 2 - Economics of joint participation as a factor of social change. The second section of the master's thesis presents an empirical study and criteria, factors and indicators of young people to the economy of joint participation.
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Soliev, Ilkhom [Verfasser], Volkmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Hartje, Volkmar [Gutachter] Hartje, and Insa [Gutachter] Theesfeld. "Making benefit-sharing a success : multi-level institutional analysis of benefit-sharing in managing shared water resources, a case from Central Asia / Ilkhom Soliev ; Gutachter: Volkmar Hartje, Insa Theesfeld ; Betreuer: Volkmar Hartje." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1156271940/34.
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Jolly, D. Leeann. "Sharing the Wealth: Movement Toward Gender Parity in Managerial & Professional Specialty Occupations from 1950 to 1980." TopSCHOLAR®, 1986. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1914.
Full textAbstract:
Data on the managerial and professional specialty occupations that were specified by the United States Census of the Population for the years 1950 through 1980 were used to analyze the influence of occupational sex ratios, growth rates, and male and female salary levels on the ability of females to move into those occupations. An analysis of the change in the Standardized Occupational Sex Ratio (SSR) showed that, over the thirty year period studied, growth rates became more important than salary levels in influencing movement toward parity in high status occupations.
Before the 1980 census year, occupational growth rates were found to interact with both male and female salary levels. During all four census years, slowly growing occupations experienced the smallest movement toward parity regardless of salary level. The lack of movement toward parity in slowly growing occupations shows evidence of gender division. In rapidly growing fields, lower salary levels for both males and females led to greater movement toward parity for females. Movement toward parity in rapidly growing fields that offered lower salaries was taken as evidence of less sheltering. In declining fields, occupations with above median female salaries allowed greater female entry than did those with below median female salaries. The opportunity for women to move into declining fields showed evidence of chain mobility.
By 1980, females were moving into managerial and professional specialty occupations at every salary level and growth rate; however, the greatest movement toward parity occurred in those occupations that were rapidly growing. Movement toward parity in rapidly growing occupations provided evidence of structural mobility. By 1980, rapidly growing occupations were experiencing fair sharing of occupational opportunity. The slowly growing occupations, though experiencing some female growth, still showed evidence of male sheltering.
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Dahlberg, Christopher. "Speeding up matrix computation kernels by sharing vector coprocessor among multiple cores on chip." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19292.
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Today’s computer systems develop towards less energy consumption while keeping high performance. These are contradictory requirement and pose a great challenge. A good example of an application were this is used is the smartphone. The constraints are on long battery time while getting high performance required by future 2D/3D applications. A solution to this is heterogeneous systems that have components that are specialized in different tasks and can execute them fast with low energy consumption. These could be specialized i.e. encoding/decoding, encryption/decryption, image processing or communication. At the apartment of Computer Architecture and Parallel Processing Laboratory (CAPPL) at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) a vector co-processor has been developed. The Vector co-processor has the unusual feature of being able to receive instructions from multiple hosts (scalar cores). In addition to this a test system with a couple of scalar processors using the vector processor has been developed. This thesis describes this processor and its test system. It also shows the development of math applications involving matrix operations. This results in the conclusions of the vector co-processing saving substantial amount of energy while speeding up the execution of the applications. In addition to this the thesis will describe an extension of the vector co-processor design that makes it possible to monitor the throughput of instructions and data in the processor.
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De, Lange Willem Johannes. "The role of capacity-sharing in South African water policy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53157.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A vast literature on the incompatibility of socio-economic development and environmental conservation (also referred to
as sustainable development) has developed over the past few years. This study takes on the form of a critical, problemdriven
discussion and evaluation of the applicability and viability of the concept of capacity-sharing to the current South
African water management regime. Within the study, the complexities involved in the shift from a supply- to demandoriented
management strategy are examined in depth. This transition in strategy proves to be problematic for water
policy makers and managers because of past management regimes and structures, measurement related problems,
incorrect or insufficient definition of criteria needed for demand-oriented approaches and the emotional complexities
regarding water use. Developments in water policy are currently at a point where problems are experienced regarding
the practical implementation of proposed water demand-oriented policy.
The concept of capacity-sharing is explained and discussed in detail, leading to the identification of the applicability to
three of the most important problems (basic contradiction within the 1998 National Water Act, initial allocation for market
adoption and equity within the market) faced within the transition towards a demand-oriented approach.
This study found that the concept of capacity-sharing does hold applicability in addressing the above-mentioned three
problems towards the transition to a demand-side management approach. Capacity-sharing, therefore, should be part of
this timely transition and the state should make use of the advantages of this concept. To support this view, seven
studies are proposed for further research to address the problems as mentioned in section 5.2 of the thesis.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Uitgebreide literatuur aangaande die onversoenbaarheid van sosio-ekonomiese ontwikkeling en omgewingsbewaring
(ook volhoubare ontwikkeling genoem) het oor die afgelope paar jaar ontwikkel. Hierdie studie neem die vorm van 'n
kritiese, probleemgedrewe bespreking ten opsigte van die toepasbaarheid en relevansie van die konsep van
kapasiteitsdeling binne die orde van huidige Suid Afrikaanse waterbestuur, aan. Die vele aspekte van die
klemverskuiwing van 'n aanbod- na 'n vraag-georiënteerde waterbestuur-strategie, word ook beklemtoon. Hierdie
oorgang is problematies vir waterbeleid-formuleerders en bestuurders as gevolg van vorige waterbestuur-ordes en
strukture, meetbaarheid georiënteerde probleme, foutiewe of onvoldoende definieering van watergebruik-regte en die
emosionele kompleksiteite van water. Tans, word probleme rakende die praktiese implementering van voorgestelde
vraag-georienteerde waterbeleid ervaar.
Die konsep van kapasiteitsdeling word in detail verduidelik en bespreek waarvandaan die toepasbaarheid op drie van die
belangrikste probleme (basiese kontradiksie binne die 1998 Nasionale Waterwet, aanvanklike verdeling van water
gebruik regte vir opname binne die mark en die kwessie van regverdigheid binne die mark) vir die oorgang na 'n vraaggeoriënteerde
strategie geïdentifiseer word.
Die studie het bevind dat die konsep van kapasiteitsdeling wel relevansie ten opsigte van die bogenoemde drie probleme
tydens die oorgang na 'n vraag-georiënteerde strategie, inhou. Kapasiteitsdeling behoort dus deel te vorm van die
oorgangsfase na 'n vraag-georiënteerde water bestuur strategie en die staat behoort gebruik te maak van die konsep se
voordele. Ter ondersteuning hiervan word sewe studies voorgestel vir verdere navorsing ten opsigte van die probleme
soos geïdentifiseer in afdeling 5.2 van die tesis.
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Ruhode, Ephias. "E-government implementation for inter-organisational information sharing: a holistic information systems approach for developing countries." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1408.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Doctor of Technology: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
in the Faculty of Informatics and Design
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013<br>Governments throughout the world are increasingly under pressure to transform in response to rapid changes in the global economy. They are faced with new and challenging situations as the social world, the economy, demography and technology keep changing. While literature reports some degree of success towards e-government implementation in the developed world, there is lack of empirical research on successes of e-government and information sharing practices of government agencies in developing countries. Designers of e-government solutions in all countries face challenges that are unique to their specific sociocultural, economic, geographic, environmental, political, and technical context. However, the peculiarity of e-government challenges is more evident in developing countries than in developed ones.
This research is motivated by the need to investigate an e-government phenomenon in a developing country context like Zimbabwe which is characterised by complex dynamics rooted in politics, economy and social setting. Emphasis is placed on the political nature and the complex institutional environments in which e-government develops and recognition is given to the key concepts of e-government which involve the technological and social aspects.
This study has been scoped empirically to explore e-government implementation efforts at government level then a case study of the Ministry of Tourism and Hospitality’s e-Administration dimension of e-government, with focus on information sharing. Tourism is an example that e-government’s parameters do not stop at the boundaries of the public sector. The research first conducted a document study of all policies and programmes initiated by the government of Zimbabwe towards public sector modernisation using ICTs. Secondly, in order to identify the status of e-government and information sharing as well as government’s vision in the same, interviews were conducted with the Ministry of ICT’s administration. Thirdly, a case study of the Ministry of Tourism and Hospitality was conducted to establish the extent and tools of information sharing between the ministry and other line ministries, departments and
other institutions nationally and internationally. Data from the case were analysed using the Activity-Driven Needs Analysis (ADNA). Research findings from all activities have been discussed and further developed in two solutions-oriented focus group meetings with senior managers at both ministries of ICT and tourism in the area of cross-government information sharing, and in feedback sessions with research participants.
Literature review, analysis of ICT policy documents and case study analysis were insights which underpinned the development of an e-government framework for developing countries. The emphasis of the framework is for e-government designers to place importance on political and institutional factors ahead of any other determinant. Consistent with ADNA and the critical realist perspective, the aim is not to influence these political and institutional factors, but to understand their modus operandi and hence to construct an e-government solution which recognizes the dictates of all stakeholders.
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Chisita, Collence Takaingenhamo. "Library consortia and Zimbabwe's national development agenda : Librarians’ views on constructing a suitable model." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62248.
Full textAbstract:
The development of library Consortia in Zimbabwe was necessitated by the need to reduce subscription costs and to widen access to electronic resources as well as implement new technologies among academic libraries. The development of Zimbabwe University Library Consortium (ZULC) and College and Research Library Consortium (CARLC) enabled libraries to cooperate and collaborate in building capacity to support teaching, learning and research through access to quality scholarly information. The trajectory of consortia development in Zimbabwe since 2002 has however been characterised by a focus on the academic sector to the exclusion of other types of libraries. The future development of library consortia in Zimbabwe can be better envisioned when correlated with the country’s national development agenda. While not made explicit, this agenda is underpinned by the idea of access to information.
This study investigated how the benefits of the existing library consortia can be harnessed to promote the achievement of Zimbabwe’s national development goals.
More specifically, it examined the ways that the development paths of ZULC and CARLC can be transformed to support the country’s national development agenda and programmes. This culminated in a model that will accelerate and guide the future development of its library consortia to facilitate a supporting developmental role. The novel aspect of this study is that it seeks to integrate library consortia into the national development plans of a developing country and to extend their benefits as widely as possible.
An extensive literature review of the characteristics, models, and development of consortia in selected countries was complemented by an empirical mixed-method component that generated data through interviews, questionnaires, observation, and the analysis of key documents. A special feature of the study is a detailed analysis of the successes and challenges of library consortia in other countries and in the Southern African region to supplement the empirical data that informs the proposed model. The main finding is that a model with a multi-type structure and a National Coordinating Committee is best to transform the development paths of Zimbabwe’s academic library consortia to support the country’s national development agenda. The model’s key elements are finance, structure, governance, functions, and special features.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.<br>Information Science<br>PHD<br>Unrestricted
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Zhang, Yu. "Small-Signal Modeling and Analysis of Parallel-Connected Power Converter Systems for Distributed Energy Resources." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/551.
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Alternative energy resources (such as photovoltaics, fuel cells, wind turbines, micro-turbines, and internal combustion engines) and energy storage systems (such as batteries, supercapacitors, and flywheels) are increasingly being connected to the utility grid, creating distributed energy resources which require the implementation of an effective distributed power management strategy. Parallel-connected power converters form a critical component in such a distributed energy resources system. This dissertation addresses small-signal modeling and analysis of parallel-connected power converter systems operating in distributed energy environments. This work focuses on DC-DC and DC-AC power converters. First, this work addresses the small-signal modeling and analysis of parallel-connected power converters in a battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system. The small-signal model considers variations in the current of individual energy storage devices and the DC bus voltage as state variables, variations in the power converter duty cycles as control variables, and variations in the battery and the supercapacitor voltages and the load current as external disturbances. This dissertation proposes several different control strategies and studies the effects of variations in controller and filter parameters on system performance. Simulation studies were carried out using the Virtual Test Bed (VTB) platform under various load conditions to verify the proposed control strategies and their effect on the final states of the energy storage devices. Control strategies for single DC-AC three-phase power converters are also identified and investigated. These include a novel PV (active power and voltage) control with frequency droop control loop, PQ (active power and reactive power) control, voltage control, PQ control with frequency droop control, and PQ control with voltage and frequency droop control. Small-signal models of a three-phase power converter system with these control strategies were developed, and the impact of parameter variations on the stability of a PV controlled converter were studied. Moreover, a small-signal model of parallel-connected three-phase DC-AC power converters with individual DC power supplies and network is proposed. The simulations carried out in stand-alone and grid-connected modes verify the combined control strategies that were developed. In addition, a detailed small-signal mathematical model that can represent the zero-sequence current dynamics in parallel-connected three-phase DC-AC power converters that share a single DC power source is presented. The effects of a variety of factors on the zero-sequence current are investigated, and a control strategy to minimize the zero-sequence current is proposed. Time-domain simulation studies verify the results. Simulations of a parallel-connected DC-AC power converter system with nonlinear load were carried out. The active power filter implemented in this system provides sharing of harmonic load between each power converter, and reduces harmonic distortion at the nonlinear load by harmonic compensation.
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Peyen, Loïc. "Droit et biopiraterie. Contribution à l'étude du partage des ressources naturelles." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0005.
Full textAbstract:
Sources de convoitises, les ressources naturelles font parfois l'objet d’actes de prédation tels que la biopiraterie. Le phénomène, de plus en plus médiatisé, mais encore largement sous-étudié, est souvent dénoncé comme un véritable pillage des ressources naturelles. En fait, même si elle recouvre une réalité plurielle, la pratique de la biopirateriepeut être caractérisée comme un accaparement des ressources naturelles. Saisie comme telle, il est permis de comprendre comment elle est née et a évolué, ce qui est du plus grand intérêt pour son appréhension. Aussi, parce que la biopiraterie interroge les modalités de partage des ressources naturelles, elle contribue à un renforcement des dimensions solidaristes du statut juridique de ces ressources. Cependant, si des règles existent, elles ne sont pas pleinement satisfaisantes. Cette situation invite à une réflexion plus globale sur le statut juridique de l'environnement et conduisant à le considérer, juridiquement, comme un bien commun<br>Because they are highly desired, natural resources are subjected to acts of predation, like biopiracy. The phenomenon draws more and more attention but is still not much studied. It is often condemned as real plundering of natural resources. Indeed, even if it covers a pluralist reality, the biopiracy practice can be characteristic of a monopolizing of naturalresources. Thus, it is possible to understand how it emerged and developed, which is important to comprehend it. Furthermore, biopiracy raises the question of the sharing conditions of natural resources and thereby contributes to strengthen the solidarist dimensions of the natural resources legal status. However, current rules are insufficient. This situation is inviting for a general reflection about the legal status of the environment that leads to consider it as a common good