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Books on the topic 'Response additive'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gregory, Sara. Bacterial production and response to nutrient addition in the Skagit River-Skagit Bay system. Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 1997.

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2

Frederik, Stacey. Sustainable industrial policies and strategies in the textiles and clothing sector. ILO, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54394/pwrf9851.

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Countries are increasingly adopting industrial strategies and policies in response to global crises and emerging economic trends. With regards to the textiles and clothing sector, industrial strategies and policies, when developed in an inclusive manner, can address economic, social and environmental concerns. This paper summarizes and analyses textiles and clothing strategies developed in Cambodia, Jordan and Viet Nam. It sets out recommendations for the development of holistic industrial policies for the sector. In addition, it provides guidance on the inclusion of a diverse range of stakeh

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3

United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Transportation and Air Quality. Assessment and Standards Division. Response to petitions of the American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) and the American Petroleum Institute (API) for reconsideration of the September 27, 2012 final rule entitled Regulation of fuels and fuel additives, 2013 biomass-based diesel renewable fuel volume. Assessment and Standards Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2013.

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4

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Long-term Response: 1. Deterministic Aspects. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0025.

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In a large population in the absence of new mutation, selection is expected to eventually drive all of the additive-genetic variance in a trait toward zero, resulting in a selection limit. This chapter examines the underlying population-genetics of such a limit, how it is estimated, and reviews the actual nature of limits observed in artificial selection experiments. It also examines the conditions under which a major gene is more important than polygenic response.

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5

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Long-term Response: 2. Finite Population Size and Mutation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0026.

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In a finite population, drift is often more important than selection in removing any initial additive variance. This chapter examines the joint impact of selection, drift, and mutation on the long-term response in a quantitative trait. One key result is the remarkable finding of Robertson that the expected long-term response from any initial additive variance is bounded above by the product of twice the effective population size times the initial response. This result implies that the optimal selection intensity for long-term response it to save half of the population in each generation.

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6

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Short-term Changes in the Mean: 3. Permanent Versus Transient Response. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0015.

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In a variety of settings—additive epistasis in a diploid, dominance in an autotetraploids, shared environmental effects (such as epigenetic contributions), maternal effects, and dominance under inbreeding—the response in the mean has both a permanent and a transient component. The latter arises because selection perturbs the population distribution of genotypes away from their Hardy-Weinberg values. Upon the cessation of selection, any change in allele frequencies remains, but any additional changes due to departures from Hardy-Weinberg decay away. The result is that, even in the presence of t

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7

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Short-term Changes in the Variance: 1. Changes in the Additive Variance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0016.

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Selection changes the additive-genetic variance (and hence the response in the mean) by both changing allele frequencies and by generating correlations among alleles at different loci (linkage disequilibrium). Such selection-induced correlations can be generated even between unlinked loci, and (generally) are negative, such that alleles increasing trait values tend to become increasingly negative correlated under direction or stabilizing selection, and positively correlated under disruptive selection. Such changes in the additive-genetic variance from disequilibrium is called the Bulmer effect

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8

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Selection Under Inbreeding. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0023.

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When dominance is presence, the selection response equations under inbreeding can become rather complex, they require additional variance components beyond the additive-genetic variance. Further, both transient and permanent components of response can arise. This chapter examines the theory of both the covariance of relatives under general inbreeding, as well as the expected selection response under inbreeding. Due to the decrease in the effective recombination rate under selfing, the Bulmer effect can be rather dramatic, as any linkage disequilibrium generated by selection is only weakly remo

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9

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Short-term Changes in the Variance: 2. Changes in the Environmental Variance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0017.

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While classical quantitative genetics usually assumes that all genotypes have the same environmental variance (the assumption of homoscedasticity), in reality, genotypes can show heteroscedasticity in the environmental variance. When such variation is heritable (i.e., has an additive variance in an outbred population), then the environmental variance can change under selection. This can either be due to an indirect response (such as during directional selection on a trait), or through direct selection to increase the homogeneity of a trait (such as for increased uniformity during harvesting).

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10

Phillips, Kathryn. An investigation of consumer knowledge and response with respect to additives. 1996.

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11

Ali Asghar Saki, Amir Salarpour, and Enayat Rahmatnejad. Using soft computing to predict broilers' performance in response to herbal additives. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1399/eps.2014.57.

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12

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Theorems of Natural Selection: Results of Price, Fisher, and Robertson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0006.

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This chapter reviews a number of “theorems” of natural selection. These include exact results (true mathematical theorems): the Robertson-Price identity, Price's general expression for any form of selection response, and the Fisher-Price-Ewens version of Fisher's fundamental theorem. Their generality comes as the cost of usually being very difficult to apply. An important exception is the Robertson-Price identity, which expresses the within-generation change in the mean of a trait as its covariance with relative fitness. This chapter also examines three classic approximations: Fisher's fundame

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13

Levi, Marcel, and Tom van der Poll. Coagulation and the endothelium in acute injury in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0307.

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Vascular endothelial cells play a pivotal mediatory role in many responses to systemic inflammation, including the cross-talk between coagulation and inflammation in sepsis. Endothelial cells respond to the cytokines expressed and released by activated leukocytes, but can also release cytokines themselves. Furthermore, endothelial cells are able to express adhesion molecules and growth factors that may not only promote the inflammatory response further, but also affect a myriad of downstream responses. It has recently become clear that, in addition to these mostly indirect effects of the endot

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14

Mason, Shirley Anne. Women's cross-addition to depressants: a female response to the medical establishment. 1989.

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15

Jürimäe, Toivo, and Jaak Jürimäe. Hormonal responses and adaptations. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199232482.003.0038.

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This chapter focuses on the available information about the effects of acute exercise and chronic training on the secretion of different growth and energy balance related hormones at different stages of linear growth and sexual maturation throughout childhood. In addition, the role of recently discovered hormones, such as leptin and ghrelin, that assist in regulating energy balance as well as somatic and pubertal growth in children are discussed.

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16

Anderson, James A. The Brain Doesn’t Work by Logic. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199357789.003.0008.

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This chapter gives three examples of real neural computation. The conclusion is that the “brain doesn’t work by logic.” First, is the Limulus (horseshoe crab) lateral eye. The neural process of “lateral inhibition” tunes the neural response of the compound eye to allow crabs to better see other crabs for mating. Second, the retina of the frog contains cells that are selective to specific properties of the visual image. The frog responds strongly to the moving image of a bug with one class of selective retinal receptors. Third, experiments on patients undergoing neurosurgery for epilepsy found

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17

Kaji, Masanori, Helge Kragh, and Gabor Pallo, eds. Early Responses to the Periodic System. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200077.001.0001.

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addition to discussing the appropriation of the periodic system, the book examines meta-physical reflections of nature based on the periodic system outside the field of chemistry, and considers how far humans can push the categories of "response" and "reception." Early Responses to the Periodic System provides a compelling read for anyone with an interest in the history of chemistry and the Periodic Table of Elements.

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18

The physiological responses of the addition of hand held weights to stationary bicycling. 1991.

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19

Freilich, Charles D. The Classic Military Response in Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190602932.003.0007.

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Chapter 6 assesses Israel’s success in applying the classic defense doctrine to the threats it has faced and its relevance today. The record is mixed. Much remains applicable, but numerous changes have taken place, including the addition of defense as a “fourth pillar,” along with deterrence, early warning, and military decision. Israel’s strategic and cumulative deterrence have proven highly successful, its current and specific deterrence somewhat. Israel only succeeded in achieving military decision in a few cases, but even then insufficiently to dictate terms. None of the operations against

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20

Miskel, James. Disaster Response and Homeland Security. Praeger, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400641039.

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Hurricane Katrina is the latest in a series of major disasters that were not well managed, but it is not likely to be the last. Category 4 and category 5 hurricanes will, according to most predictions, become both more frequent and more intense in the future due to global warming and/or natural weather cycles. In addition, it is often said that another terrorist attack on the United States is inevitable; that it is a question of when, not whether. Add to that the scare over a possible avian flu pandemic. As a result, the United States should expect that disaster response—to natural and other t

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21

Neumann, Elena, Klaus Frommer, and Ulf Müller-Ladner. Acute-phase responses and adipocytokines. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0058.

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Adipokines, also called adipocytokines, are highly bioactive substances mainly expressed by adipose tissue. In addition to adipocytes, different cell types resident in various tissues produce adipokines under pathophysiological conditions. Adipokines include a growing number of pluripotent molecules such as adiponectin, resistin, leptin, and visfatin. Since distinct effects of adipokines on inflammation have been described, their influence on the (innate) immune system has been investigated in rheumatology, gastroenterology, and endocrinology. This review gives an overview on the current knowl

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22

Hasenbring, Monika I., and Hanne P. J. Kindermans. Avoidance and Endurance in Chronic Pain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627898.003.0008.

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This chapter focuses on two vexing aspects of coping with daily activities while experiencing pain—the tendency to avoid actions that are perceived as exacerbating the pain (avoidance), and the tendency to endure pain by persistent engagement in ongoing activities (endurance). Based on theoretical approaches such as the fear-avoidance and the avoidance-endurance models of pain, the chapter provides insights into the wide variety of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral pain responses that are related to an avoidant or endurance pain response style and aspects of dysfunctionality. Several specif

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23

Hollands, Marjorie Helen Anderson. The effect of protein addition to carbohydrate meals on plasma glucose response in normal and diabetic rats. 1986.

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24

Lambdin, Robert Thomas, and Laura Lambdin. A Companion to Jane Austen Studies. Greenwood, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400629389.

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Jane Austen significantly shaped the development of the English novel, and her works continue to be read widely today. Though she is best known for her novels,Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, Emma, Northanger Abbey,andPersuasion, she also wrote poems, letters, prayers and various pieces of juvenalia. These writings have been attracting the attention of scholars; her major works have already generated a large body of scholarly and critical studies. This reference is a guide to her works and the response to them. Austen's works are fraught with ambiguity. Because she w

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25

Walczak, Jean-Sébastien. Understanding the responsiveness of C-fibres. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0006.

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In the paper discussed in this chapter, Ainsley Iggo used electrophysiology to characterize mechanosensory fibres from the saphenous nerve in cats. Using fine techniques of dissection he recorded from single units and therefore could discriminate between the various types of sensitivity of afferent fibres. This article describes properties of primary afferent neurons in response to precise calibrated mechanical stimuli and focused on mechanical sensitivity of C-fibres. In addition, the manuscript describes the properties of skin-receptor fields. The paper showed that not all C-fibres responded

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26

Saito, Yuriko. Challenges and Responses to Everyday Aesthetics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199672103.003.0002.

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Everyday aesthetics is often criticized for lacking aesthetic credentials. Its legitimacy as a discourse is questioned because proximal senses, experiences gained while engaging in an activity, and qualities other than beauty and sublimity are included in its purview. Inclusion of these items is considered to deny a clear ‘object’ of aesthetic appreciation, the possibility of objective judgments, and profundity of aesthetic experience. Excluding them, however, does not do justice to the rich and multifaceted contents of everyday aesthetic life. Phenomenological description, instead of the judg

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27

Raju, Raghavan, and Irshad H. Chaudry. The host response to hypoxia in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0305.

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The hypoxic response of the host is complex. While the oxygen-sensing intracellular machinery attempts to restore cellular homeostasis by augmenting respiration and blood flow, events such as severe haemorrhage lead to whole body hypoxia and decreased mitochondrial function. Immunological perturbations following severe haemorrhage may result in multiple organ dysfunction and sepsis, while impaired perfusion may lead to microvascular injury and local hypoxia. Trauma-haemorrhage or hypoxic exposure in animals causes a systemic inflammatory response, decreased antigen presentation by peritoneal m

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28

Smithson, Robert. A New Epistemic Argument for Idealism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746973.003.0002.

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Many idealists have challenged realism on epistemic grounds. The worry is that, if it is possible for truths about ordinary objects to outstrip our experiences in the ways that realists typically suppose, we could never be justified in our beliefs about objects. In response, philosophers have offered a variety of proposals to defend the epistemology of our object judgments under the assumption of realism. This chapter offers a new type of epistemic argument against realism to which these standard responses do not apply. In addition to raising a challenge for realism, the epistemology of object

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29

Stoddard, Frederick J., and Robert L. Sheridan. Wound Healing and Depression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190603342.003.0009.

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Depression and wound healing are bidirectional processes for adults and children consistent with the conception of depression as systemic. This systemic interaction is similar to the “bidirectional impact of mood disorder on risk for development, progression, treatment, and outcomes of medical illness” generally. And, evidence is growing that the bidirectional impact of mood disorder may be true for injuries and for trauma surgery. Animal models have provided some support that treatment of depression may improve wound healing. An established biological model for a mechanism delaying wound heal

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30

Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira. Populism and the Question of How to Respond to It. Edited by Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.21.

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Given that populist forces maintain a difficult relationship with democracy, there is an open debate about how to respond to their rise. This contribution addresses this question by developing a framework for analysis that identifies who are the actors that at the domestic and external level can try to deal with the populist challenge. Moreover, different types of responses to the emergence of populism are depicted. In addition, this contribution maintains that advancing a radical approach against populism might generate more harm than good, since “fighting fire with fire” can end up giving mo

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Babo-Rebelo, Mariana, and Catherine Tallon-Baudry. Interoceptive signals, brain dynamics, and subjectivity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811930.003.0003.

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The self has long been hypothesized to be rooted in the neural monitoring of bodily signals. We propose here to focus on visceral inputs, which present some key characteristics. Inputs from the heart or the gastrointestinal tract are continuously produced, and can reach multiple cortical targets. In addition, cardiac inputs elicit a neural response at each heartbeat that can be recorded non-invasively in humans, even in the absence of measurable changes in bodily state. We review the recent experimental evidence that neural responses to heartbeats are related to the self, in situations where t

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32

Wickham, Phil. Understanding Television Texts. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781839028625.

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Understanding Television Texts sets out the debates that define television and examines how they can be applied to the study of particular programmes. How do we respond to what we watch and what affects those responses? Production and consumption contexts are examined, but also the meanings in the texts themselves. In addition, there is a consideration of how technology and social change is transforming our experience of TV. These themes are explored through a range of examples of TV programmes and shows – fact and fiction, contemporary and historical, British and American. A wide range of cas

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33

Hitchcott, Nicki. Rwanda Genocide Stories. Liverpool University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781781381946.001.0001.

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This book provides an in-depth analysis of fictional responses written in response to the Rwandan genocide of 1994. Through the course of the book, the reader is taken on a journey from the events leading up to the genocide, the horrific massacres that were carried out against the Tutsi population, and finally to modern-day Rwanda, where the country comes to terms with a brutal episode in its recent past. Nicki Hitchcott focuses her analytic study on a group of African authors, including Rwandans, who were brought together as part of the Rwanda: écrire par devoir de mémoire initiative in 1998

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34

Näätänen, Risto, Teija Kujala, and Gregory Light. The Mismatch Negativity. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198705079.001.0001.

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This book introduces the electrophysiological change-detection response of the brain called the mismatch negativity (MMN). MMN is elicited by any discriminable change in some repetitive aspect of ongoing auditory stimulation even in the absence of attention, causing an attentional shift to change, hence representing a response of vital significance to the organism. In addition, an analogous response is also elicited in the other sensory modalities and occurs in different species and in the different developmental stages from infancy to the old age. Importantly, MMN, reflecting the NMDA-recepto

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35

Hammond, Christopher J., Marc N. Potenza, and Linda C. Mayes. Development of Impulse Control, Inhibition, and Self-Regulatory Behaviors in Normative Populations across the Lifespan. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0082.

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Impulsivity represents a complex multidimensional construct that may change across the lifespan and is associated with numerous neuropsychiatric disorders including substance use disorders, conduct disorder/antisocial personality disorder, and traumatic brain injury. Multiple psychological theories have considered impulsivity and the development of impulse control, inhibition, and self-regulatory behaviors during childhood. Some psychoanalytic theorists have viewed impulse control and self-regulatory behaviors as developing ego functions emerging in the context of id-based impulses and inhibit

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36

Peterson, Carol, Emily M. Pisetsky, and Caroline E. Haut. Self-Help and Stepped Care Treatments for Eating Disorders. Edited by W. Stewart Agras and Athena Robinson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190620998.013.19.

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This chapter provides an overview of self-help and guided self-help treatments for eating disorders as well as stepped care models for treatment delivery. Empirical evidence suggests that although guided self-help approaches may have relatively higher efficacy and retention rates than self-help treatment, data from comparison trials are inconsistent. Robust treatment predictors, moderators, and mediators have not been identified other than rapid response as a predictor of outcome for cognitive-behavioral guided self-help, which may be useful in informing stepped care treatment. Stepped care mo

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37

Pallister, Kathryn, ed. Netflix Nostalgia. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978724631.

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Whether it’s “Flashback Friday” or “Throwback Thursday,” audiences are hungry for nostalgic film and television, and the streaming giant Netflix serves up shows from the past that satisfy this craving, in addition to producing original contemporary content with nostalgic flavor. As a part of the series “Reboots, Remakes and Adaptations” originated by series editors Dr. Carlen Lavigne and Dr. Paul Booth, this edited volume focuses exclusively on the intersection between the Netflix platform and the current nostalgia trend in popular culture. As both a creator and distributor of media texts, Net

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38

Naar, Hichem. The Rationality of Love. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862642.001.0001.

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Abstract The Rationality of Love addresses the question whether love belongs, paradoxically enough, to the realm of reason, whether love belongs to the class of responses, such as belief and action, that admit of norms of justification and rationality. Are there normative reasons to love someone? Can love be an appropriate or fitting response to an individual? Or is love, like perceptual experiences, sensations, and urges, the sort of thing we just have and for which we cannot be normatively criticizable? Ordinary thinking about love seems to pull us in different directions. On the one hand, l

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39

Smyth, Jolene D., Don A. Dillman, and Leah Melani Christian. Context effects in Internet surveys. Edited by Adam N. Joinson, Katelyn Y. A. McKenna, Tom Postmes, and Ulf-Dietrich Reips. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199561803.013.0027.

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This article first presents a definition of context effects that eliminates from consideration factors beyond the control of survey researchers yet is sufficiently broad to incorporate diverse but related sources of survey context. It then examines four types of context effects that have been documented in mail and telephone surveys with an eye towards identifying new concerns which have arisen or may arise as a result of conducting Internet surveys. The four sources of context effects discussed are: the survey mode used to pose questions to respondents, the order in which questions are asked,

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40

Suffredini, Anthony F., and J. Perren Cobb. Genetic and molecular expression patterns in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0031.

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Investigators who study RNA, proteins, or metabolites use analytic platforms that simultaneously measure changes in the relative abundance of thousands of molecules in a single biological sample. Over the last decade, the application of these high-throughput, genome-wide platforms to study critical illness and injury has generated huge quantities of data that require specialized computational skills for analysis. These investigations hold promise for improving our understanding of the host response, thereby transforming the practice of intensive care. This chapter summarizes recent technologic

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41

Harward, Brian M., ed. The Presidency in Times of Crisis and Disaster. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216000709.

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Presidents hold the attention of the public like no other political actor. In addition, because of their unique role in the constitutional system, presidents often take immediate, unilateral action in the face of national emergencies. Exploring key events, crises, and disasters through the lens of presidential responsiveness, this text reveals not only the larger historical context but also the authority of presidents in meeting the “felt necessities of the time,” deepening readers’ understanding of those touchstone events. Comprehensive in temporal and topical scope, the book covers crises an

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42

Ceccarelli, Paola. Letters and Decrees. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804208.003.0006.

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During the Hellenistic period, royal correspondence constituted a challenging mode of diplomacy for polis communities. The chapter offers a case study of how one such community, Magnesia on the Maeander, responded to the challenge. The dossier in question concerns the request of acceptance of a new contest for Artemis Leukophryene, first celebrated in 208 BCE, which Magnesia addressed to all of the Greek world. The answers from kings, leagues, and cities make it possible to compare different ‘discursive styles’, in particular the contrastive ideologies of power instantiated in the royal letter

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43

Bhole, Malini. Functions of the immune system. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0293.

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This chapter reviews the functions of the immune system, which has evolved to provide a defence mechanism against microbial challenges, and is divided into two main branches, innate and adaptive. In addition, there are physical and chemical barriers, including skin, mucous membrane, mucous secretions, saliva, and various enzymes, and these contribute to the first line of defence against pathogens. The innate immune system provides the initial quick response for rapid recognition and elimination of pathogens, as opposed to the adaptive immune system, which has evolved to provide a more definiti

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44

Jensen, Vickie, ed. Women Criminals. ABC-CLIO, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216037002.

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A unique, two-volume study that examines female crime and the women who commit it. The two-volumeWomen Criminals: An Encyclopedia of People and Issuesaddresses both key topics and key figures in women's crime. The first volume provides topical essays about areas critical to the understanding of female criminals, such as the definition of women's crime, explanations of women's criminality, ethnic and age diversity in female criminals, and responses of the criminal justice system. The second volume comprises biographical entries profiling women who are obviously criminals, such as Aileen Wuornos

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45

Dalbeth, Nicola. Pathophysiology of gout. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0039.

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The clinical features of gout occur in response to monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. Gout should be considered a chronic disease of MSU crystal deposition. A number of pathophysiological checkpoints are required for development of gout. First, elevated urate concentrations are required: urate overproduction and underexcretion contribute to total urate balance. Overproduction occurs due to alterations in the purine synthesis and degradation pathways. Renal underexcretion is an important cause of elevated serum urate concentrations (hyperuricaemia), and occurs through alterations in the urate tra

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46

Mangrum, Benjamin. Southern Comfort. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190909376.003.0005.

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Southern writers Walker Percy and Flannery O’Connor present the collusion of the American welfare state and a consumer economy as a source of existential alienation. This chapter considers their objections to the social-democratic institutions created during the New Deal era. Percy and O’Connor present versions of Christian existentialism as an alternative to bureaucratic politics. In addition to joining the concert of intellectual challenges to the legacy of reform established during the New Deal, their related responses represent the splintering of American existentialism in the 1960s. The p

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Wells, Elizabeth M. Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0091.

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Anti- N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe but treatable recently identified form of immune-mediated encephalitis associated with antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) against the GluN1 subunit of the NMDAR. Research has rapidly expanded the understanding of disease mechanisms and how the condition manifests in different populations (e.g., pediatrics vs. adult, cancer vs. noncancer, male vs. female). Immunocytochemical, physiological, and molecular studies of the effects of human CSF on the rodent and murine brain in vitro and in vivo indicate a noncytotox

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Hourdequin, Marion. The Ethics of Ecosystem Management. Edited by Stephen M. Gardiner and Allen Thompson. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199941339.013.40.

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Ecosystem management is an integrative, systems-based approach developed in response to the inadequacy of land management strategies centered on single species or resources such as timber. Contemporary ecosystem management acknowledges the dynamism of natural systems, need for ongoing adaptive learning, and importance of citizen engagement, especially in managing public lands. However, ecosystem management faces both conceptual and ethical challenges. Core concepts—such as ecosystem, stability, health, and resilience—remain difficult to define and operationalize. In addition, rapid directional

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Goldberg, David H. Foreign Policy and Ethnic Interest Groups. Praeger, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400653001.

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The 1980s have witnessed increased concern over the impact of ethnic interest groups on foreign policy, particularly in the case of Jewish lobbying efforts in behalf of the state of Israel. In this study, Professor Goldberg presents a detailed comparison of American and Canadian Jewish lobbying organizations over the past fifteen years, offering a careful assessment of their influence on foreign policy decisions affecting the Middle East. Professor Goldberg focuses primarily on the two most prominent Jewish foreign policy interest groups: the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) an

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Sargin, Derya, Chen Yan, and Sheena Josselyn. Genetic Tools in the Erasure of Emotional Memory. Edited by Turhan Canli. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199753888.013.004.

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Fear is an important emotion; remembering fearful events/places/stimuli is key for survival. However, dysregulation of fear may underlie the etiology of several psychiatric diseases. Inappropriate storage and/or recall of fearful events can lead to maladaptive fear behaviors and physiological responses that contribute to emotional disorders. Much research has provided insights into the neural processes mediating the formation of fear memories. In addition, some new research has begun to provide insights into how fear memories may be weakened. A more thorough understanding of the molecular, cel

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